H \H\ ([=a]ch),
the eighth letter of the English alphabet, is classed among
the consonants, and is formed with the mouth organs in the
same position as that of the succeeding vowel. It is used
with certain consonants to form digraphs representing sounds
which are not found in the alphabet, as sh, th, [th], as in
shall, thing, [th]ine (for zh see [sect]274); also, to modify
the sounds of some other letters, as when placed after c and
p, with the former of which it represents a compound sound
like that of tsh, as in charm (written also tch as in catch),
with the latter, the sound of f, as in phase, phantom. In
some words, mostly derived or introduced from foreign
languages, h following c and g indicates that those
consonants have the hard sound before e, i, and y, as in
chemistry, chiromancy, chyle, Ghent, Ghibelline, etc.; in
some others, ch has the sound of sh, as in chicane. See
{Guide to Pronunciation}, [sect][sect] 153, 179, 181-3,
237-8.
Note: The name (aitch) is from the French ache; its form is
from the Latin, and this from the Greek H, which was
used as the sign of the spiritus asper (rough
breathing) before it came to represent the long vowel,
Gr. [eta]. The Greek H is from Ph[oe]nician, the
ultimate origin probably being Egyptian. Etymologically
H is most closely related to c; as in E. horn, L.
cornu, Gr. ke`ras; E. hele, v. t., conceal; E. hide, L.
cutis, Gr. ky`tos; E. hundred, L. centum, Gr.
'e-kat-on, Skr. [.c]ata.
{H piece} (Mining), the part of a plunger pump which contains
the valve.
H \H\ (h[add]). (Mus.)
The seventh degree in the diatonic scale, being used by the
Germans for B natural. See {B}.
Ha \Ha\ (h[add]), interj. [AS.]
An exclamation denoting surprise, joy, or grief. Both as
uttered and as written, it expresses a great variety of
emotions, determined by the tone or the context. When
repeated, ha, ha, it is an expression of laughter,
satisfaction, or triumph, sometimes of derisive laughter; or
sometimes it is equivalent to ``Well, it is so.''
Ha-has, and inarticulate hootings of satirical rebuke.
--Carlyle.
Haaf \Haaf\, n. [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. & Sw. haf the sea,
Dan. hav, perh. akin to E. haven.]
The deepsea fishing for cod, ling, and tusk, off the Shetland
Isles.
Haak \Haak\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A sea fish. See {Hake}. --Ash.
Haar \Haar\, n. [See {Hoar}.]
A fog; esp., a fog or mist with a chill wind. [Scot.] --T.
Chalmers.
Habeas corpus \Ha"be*as corpus\ [L. you may have the body.]
(Law)
A writ having for its object to bring a party before a court
or judge; especially, one to inquire into the cause of a
person's imprisonment or detention by another, with the view
to protect the right to personal liberty; also, one to bring
a prisoner into court to testify in a pending trial.
--Bouvier.
Habendum \Ha*ben"dum\, n. [L., that must be had.] (Law)
That part of a deed which follows the part called the
premises, and determines the extent of the interest or estate
granted; -- so called because it begins with the word
Habendum. --Kent.
Haberdash \Hab"er*dash\, v. i. [See {Haberdasher}.]
To deal in small wares. [R.]
To haberdash in earth's base ware. --Quarles.
Haberdasher \Hab"er*dash"er\, n. [Prob. fr. Icel. hapurtask
trumpery, trifles, perh. through French. It is possibly akin
to E. haversack, and to Icel. taska trunk, chest, pocket, G.
tasche pocket, and the orig. sense was perh., peddler's
wares.]
1. A dealer in small wares, as tapes, pins, needles, and
thread; also, a hatter. [Obs.]
The haberdasher heapeth wealth by hats. --Gascoigne.
2. A dealer in drapery goods of various descriptions, as
laces, silks, trimmings, etc.
Haberdashery \Hab"er*dash"er*y\, n.
The goods and wares sold by a haberdasher; also (Fig.),
trifles. --Burke.
Haberdine \Hab"er*dine"\, n. [D. abberdaan, labberdaan; or a
French form, cf. OF. habordeau, from the name of a Basque
district, cf. F. Labourd, adj. Labourdin. The l was
misunderstood as the French article.]
A cod salted and dried. --Ainsworth.
Habergeon \Ha*ber"ge*on\, n. [F. haubergeon a small hauberk,
dim. of OF. hauberc, F. haubert. See Hauberk.]
Properly, a short hauberk, but often used loosely for the
hauberk. --Chaucer.
Habilatory \Hab"i*la*to*ry\, a.
Of or pertaining to clothing; wearing clothes. --Ld. Lytton.
Habile \Hab"ile\, a. [F. habile, L. habilis. See {Able},
{Habit}.]
Fit; qualified; also, apt. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Habiliment \Ha*bil"i*ment\, n. [F. habillement, fr. habiller to
dress, clothe, orig., to make fit, make ready, fr. habile
apt, skillful, L. habilis. See Habile.]
1. A garment; an article of clothing. --Camden.
2. pl. Dress, in general. --Shak.
Habilimented \Ha*bil"i*ment*ed\, a.
Clothed. Taylor (1630).
Habilitate \Ha*bil"i*tate\, a. [LL. habilitatus, p. p. of
habilitare to enable.]
Qualified or entitled. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Habilitate \Ha*bil"i*tate\, v. t.
To fit out; to equip; to qualify; to entitle. --Johnson.
Habilitation \Ha*bil"i*ta"tion\, n. [LL. habilitatio: cf. F.
habilitation.]
Equipment; qualification. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Hability \Ha*bil"i*ty\, n. [See {Ability}.]
Ability; aptitude. [Obs.] --Robynson. (More's Utopia).
Habit \Hab"it\n. [OE. habit, abit fr. habit fr. L. habitus
state, appearance, dress, fr. habere to have, be in a
condition; prob. akin to E. have. See {Have}, and cf. {Able},
{Binnacle}, {Debt}, {Due}, {Exhibit}, {Malady.}]
1. The usual condition or state of a person or thing, either
natural or acquired, regarded as something had, possessed,
and firmly retained; as, a religious habit; his habit is
morose; elms have a spreading habit; esp., physical
temperament or constitution; as, a full habit of body.
2. (Biol.) The general appearance and manner of life of a
living organism.
3. Fixed or established custom; ordinary course of conduct;
practice; usage; hence, prominently, the involuntary
tendency or aptitude to perform certain actions which is
acquired by their frequent repetition; as, habit is second
nature; also, peculiar ways of acting; characteristic
forms of behavior.
A man of very shy, retired habits. --W. Irving.
4. Outward appearance; attire; dress; hence, a garment; esp.,
a closely fitting garment or dress worn by ladies; as, a
riding habit.
Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy. --Shak.
There are, among the states, several of Venus, in
different habits. --Addison.
Syn: Practice; mode; manner; way; custom; fashion.
Usage: {Habit}, {Custom.} Habit is a disposition or tendency
leading us to do easily, naturally, and with growing
certainty, what we do often; custom is external, being
habitual use or the frequent repetition of the same
act. The two operate reciprocally on each other. The
custom of giving produces a habit of liberality;
habits of devotion promote the custom of going to
church. Custom also supposes an act of the will,
selecting given modes of procedure; habit is a law of
our being, a kind of ``second nature'' which grows up
within us.
How use doth breed a habit in a man ! --Shak.
He who reigns . . . upheld by old repute,
Consent, or custom. --Milton.
Habit \Hab"it\ (h[a^]b"[i^]t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Habited}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Habiting}.] [OE. habiten to dwell, F. habiter,
fr. L. habitare to have frequently, to dwell, intens. fr.
habere to have. See {Habit}, n.]
1. To inhabit. [Obs.]
In thilke places as they [birds] habiten. --Rom. of
R.
2. To dress; to clothe; to array.
They habited themselves lite those rural deities.
--Dryden.
3. To accustom; to habituate. [Obs.] Chapman.
Habitability \Hab"it*a*bil"i*ty\, n.
Habitableness.
Habitable \Hab"it*a*ble\, a. [F. {habitable}, L. habitbilis.]
Capable of being inhabited; that may be inhabited or dwelt
in; as, the habitable world. -- {Hab"it*a*ble*ness}, n. --
{Hab"it*a*bly}, adv.
Habitakle \Hab"ita*kle\, n. [F. habitacle dwelling place,
binnacle, L. habitaculum dwelling place. See {Binnacle},
{Habit}, v.]
A dwelling place. --Chaucer. Southey.
Habitan \Ha`bi`tan"\, n.
Same as {Habitant}, 2.
General met an emissary . . . sent . . . to ascertain
the feelings of the habitans or French yeomanry. --W.
Irwing.
Habitance \Hab"it*ance\, n. [OF. habitance, LL. habitania.]
Dwelling; abode; residence. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Habiitancy \Habi"it*an*cy\, n.
Same as {Inhabitancy}.
Habitant \Hab`it*ant\, n. [F. habitant. See {Habit}, v. t.]
1. An inhabitant; a dweller. --Milton. Pope.
2. [F. pron.] An inhabitant or resident; -- a name applied to
and denoting farmers of French descent or origin in
Canada, especially in the Province of Quebec; -- usually
in plural.
The habitants or cultivators of the soil. --Parkman.
Habitat \Hab`i*tat\, n. [L., it dwells, fr. habitare. See
{Habit}, v. t.]
1. (Biol.) The natural abode, locality or region of an animal
or plant.
2. Place where anything is commonly found.
This word has its habitat in Oxfordshire. --Earle.
Habitation \Hab`i*ta"tion\, n. [F. habitation, L. habi(?)atio.]
1. The act of inhabiting; state of inhabiting or dwelling, or
of being inhabited; occupancy. --Denham.
2. Place of abode; settled dwelling; residence; house.
The Lord . . . blesseth the habitation of the just.
--Prov. iii.
33.
Habitator \Hab"ita`tor\, n. [L.]
A dweller; an inhabitant. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Habited \Hab`it*ed\, p. p. & a.
1. Clothed; arrayed; dressed; as, he was habited like a
shepherd.
2. Fixed by habit; accustomed. [Obs.]
So habited he was in sobriety. --Fuller.
3. Inhabited. [Archaic]
Another world, which is habited by the ghosts of men
and women. --Addison.
Habitual \Ha*bit"ual\ (?; 135), a. [Cf. F. habituel, LL.
habituals. See {Habit}, n.]
1. Formed or acquired by habit or use.
An habitual knowledge of certain rules and maxims.
--South.
2. According to habit; established by habit; customary;
constant; as, the habiual practice of sin.
It is the distinguishing mark of habitual piety to
be grateful for the most common and ordinary
blessings. --Buckminster.
Syn: Customary; accustomed; usual; common; wonted; ordinary;
regular; familiar. -- {Ha*bit"u*al*ly}, adv. --
{Ha*bit"u*al*ness}, n.
Habituate \Ha*bit"u*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Habituated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Habituating}.] [L. habituatus, p. p. of
habituare to bring into a condition or habit of body: cf. F.
habituer. See {Habit}.]
1. To make accustomed; to accustom; to familiarize.
Our English dogs, who were habituated to a colder
clime. --Sir K.
Digby.
Men are first corrupted . . . and next they
habituate themselves to their vicious practices.
--Tillotson.
2. To settle as an inhabitant. [Obs.] --Sir W. Temple.
Habituate \Ha*bit"u*ate\, a.
Firmly established by custom; formed by habit; habitual. [R.]
--Hammond.
Habituation \Ha*bit`u*a"tion\, n. [Cf. F. habituation.]
The act of habituating, or accustoming; the state of being
habituated.
Habitude \Hab"i*tude\, n. [F., fr. L. habitudo condition. See
{Habit}.]
1. Habitual attitude; usual or accustomed state with
reference to something else; established or usual
relations. --South.
The same ideas having immutably the same habitudes
one to another. --Locke.
The verdict of the judges was biased by nothing else
than ?heir habitudes of thinking. --Landor.
2. Habitual association, intercourse, or familiarity.
To write well, one must have frequent habitudes with
the best company. --Dryden.
3. Habit of body or of action. --Shak.
It is impossible to gain an exact habitude without
an infinite ?umber of acts and perpetual practice.
--Dryden.
Habitue \Ha`bi`tu`e"\, n. [F., p. p. of habituer. See
{Habituate}.]
One who habitually frequents a place; as, an habitu['e] of a
theater.
Habiture \Hab"i*ture\ (?; 135), n.
Habitude. [Obs.]
Habitus \Hab"i*tus\, n. [L.] (Zo["o]l.)
Habitude; mode of life; general appearance.
Hable \Ha"ble\, a.
See {Habile}. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Habnab \Hab"nab\, adv. [{Hobnob}.]
By chance. [Obs.]
Hachure \Hach"ure\, n. [F., fr. hacher to hack. See {Hatching}.]
(Fine Arts)
A short line used in drawing and engraving, especially in
shading and denoting different surfaces, as in map drawing.
See {Hatching}.
Hacienda \Ha`ci*en"da\ (? or ?), n. [Sp., fr. OSp. facienda
employment, estate, fr. L. facienda, pl. of faciendum what is
to be done, fr. facere to do. See {Fact}.]
A large estate where work of any kind is done, as
agriculture, manufacturing, mining, or raising of animals; a
cultivated farm, with a good house, in distinction from a
farming establishment with rude huts for herdsmen, etc.; -- a
word used in Spanish-American regions.
Hack \Hack\, n. [See {Hatch} a half door.]
1. A frame or grating of various kinds; as, a frame for
drying bricks, fish, or cheese; a rack for feeding cattle;
a grating in a mill race, etc.
2. Unburned brick or tile, stacked up for drying.
Hack \Hack\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hacked}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hacking}.] [OE. hakken; akin to D. hakken, G. hacken, Dan.
hakke, Sw. hacka, and perh. to E. hew. Cf. {Hew} to cut,
{Haggle}.]
1. To cut irregulary, without skill or definite purpose; to
notch; to mangle by repeated strokes of a cutting
instrument; as, to hack a post.
My sword hacked like a handsaw. --Shak.
2. Fig.: To mangle in speaking. --Shak.
Hack \Hack\, v. i.
To cough faintly and frequently, or in a short, broken
manner; as, a hacking cough.
Hack \Hack\, n.
1. A notch; a cut. --Shak.
2. An implement for cutting a notch; a large pick used in
breaking stone.
3. A hacking; a catch in speaking; a short, broken cough.
--Dr. H. More.
4. (Football) A kick on the shins. --T. Hughes.
{Hack saw}, a handsaw having a narrow blade stretched in an
iron frame, for cutting metal.
Hack \Hack\, n. [Shortened fr. hackney. See {Hackney}.]
1. A horse, hackneyed or let out for common hire; also, a
horse used in all kinds of work, or a saddle horse, as
distinguished from hunting and carriage horses.
2. A coach or carriage let for hire; particularly, a a coach
with two seats inside facing each other; a hackney coach.
On horse, on foot, in hacks and gilded chariots.
--Pope.
3. A bookmaker who hires himself out for any sort of literary
work; an overworked man; a drudge.
Here lies poor Ned Purdon, from misery freed, Who
long was a bookseller's hack. --Goldsmith.
4. A procuress.
Hack \Hack\, a.
Hackneyed; hired; mercenary. --Wakefield.
{Hack writer}, a hack; one who writes for hire. ``A vulgar
hack writer.'' --Macaulay.
Hack \Hack\, v. t.
1. To use as a hack; to let out for hire.
2. To use frequently and indiscriminately, so as to render
trite and commonplace.
The word ``remarkable'' has been so hacked of late. --J.
H. Newman.
Hack \Hack\, v. i.
1. To be exposed or offered or to common use for hire; to
turn prostitute. --Hanmer.
2. To live the life of a drudge or hack. --Goldsmith.
Hackamore \Hack"a*more\, n. [Cf. Sp. jaquima headstall of a
halter.]
A halter consisting of a long leather or rope strap and
headstall, -- used for leading or tieing a pack animal.
[Western U.S.]
Hackberry \Hack"ber`ry\, n. (Bot.)
A genus of trees ({Celtis}) related to the elm, but bearing
drupes with scanty, but often edible, pulp. {C. occidentalis}
is common in the Eastern United States. --Gray.
Hackbolt \Hack"bolt`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The greater shearwater or hagdon. See {Hagdon}.
Hackbuss \Hack"buss\, n.
Same as {Hagbut}.
Hackee \Hack"ee\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The chipmunk; also, the chickaree or red squirrel. [U.S.]
Hacker \Hack"er\, n.
One who, or that which, hacks. Specifically: A cutting
instrument for making notches; esp., one used for notching
pine trees in collecting turpentine; a hack.
Hackery \Hack"er*y\, n. [Hind. chakr[=a].]
A cart with wooden wheels, drawn by bullocks. [Bengal]
--Malcom.
Hackle \Hac"kle\, n. [See {Heckle}, and cf. {Hatchel}.]
1. A comb for dressing flax, raw silk, etc.; a hatchel.
2. Any flimsy substance unspun, as raw silk.
3. One of the peculiar, long, narrow feathers on the neck of
fowls, most noticeable on the cock, -- often used in
making artificial flies; hence, any feather so used.
4. An artificial fly for angling, made of feathers.
Hackle \Hac"kle\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hackled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hackling}.]
1. To separate, as the coarse part of flax or hemp from the
fine, by drawing it through the teeth of a hackle or
hatchel.
2. To tear asunder; to break in pieces.
The other divisions of the kingdom being hackled and
torn to pieces. --Burke.
Hackly \Hac"kly\, a. [From {Hackle}]
1. Rough or broken, as if hacked.
2. (Min.) Having fine, short, and sharp points on the
surface; as, the hackly fracture of metallic iron.
Hackman \Hack"man\, n.; pl. {Hackmen}.
The driver of a hack or carriage for public hire.
Hackmatack \Hack"ma*tack`\, n. [Of American Indian origin.]
(Bot.)
The American larch ({Larix Americana}), a coniferous tree
with slender deciduous leaves; also, its heavy, close-grained
timber. Called also {tamarack}.
Hackney \Hack"ney\, n.; pl. {Hackneys}. [OE. haceney, hacenay;
cf. F. haquen['e]e a pacing horse, an ambling nag, OF. also
haquen['e]e, Sp. hacanea, OSp. facanea, D. hakkenei, also OF.
haque horse, Sp. haca, OSp. faca; perh akin to E. hack to
cut, and orig. meaning, a jolting horse. Cf. {Hack} a horse,
{Nag}.]
1. A horse for riding or driving; a nag; a pony. --Chaucer.
2. A horse or pony kept for hire.
3. A carriage kept for hire; a hack; a hackney coach.
4. A hired drudge; a hireling; a prostitute.
Hackney \Hack"ney\, a.
Let out for hire; devoted to common use; hence, much used;
trite; mean; as, hackney coaches; hackney authors. ``Hackney
tongue.'' --Roscommon.
Hackney \Hack"ney\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hackneyed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Hackneying}.]
1. To devote to common or frequent use, as a horse or
carriage; to wear out in common service; to make trite or
commonplace; as, a hackneyed metaphor or quotation.
Had I lavish of my presence been, So
common-hackneyed in the eyes of men. --Shak.
2. To carry in a hackney coach. --Cowper.
Hackneyman \Hack"ney*man\, n.; pl. {Hackneymen}.
A man who lets horses and carriages for hire.
Hackster \Hack"ster\, n. [From {Hack} to cut.]
A bully; a bravo; a ruffian; an assassin. [Obs.] --Milton.
Hacqueton \Hac"que*ton\, n.
Same as {Acton}. [Obs.]
Had \Had\, imp. & p. p. of {Have}. [OE. had, hafde, hefde, AS.
h[ae]fde.]
See {Have}.
{Had as lief}, {Had rather}, {Had better}, {Had as soon},
etc., with a nominative and followed by the infinitive
without to, are well established idiomatic forms. The
original construction was that of the dative with forms of
be, followed by the infinitive. See {Had better}, under
{Better}.
And lever me is be pore and trewe. [And more
agreeable to me it is to be poor and true.] --C.
Mundi (Trans.
).
Him had been lever to be syke. [To him it had been
preferable to be sick.] --Fabian.
For him was lever have at his bed's head Twenty
bookes, clad in black or red, . . . Than robes rich,
or fithel, or gay sawtrie. --Chaucer.
Note: Gradually the nominative was substituted for the
dative, and had for the forms of be. During the process
of transition, the nominative with was or were, and the
dative with had, are found.
Poor lady, she were better love a dream. --Shak.
You were best hang yourself. --Beau. & Fl.
Me rather had my heart might feel your love Than
my unpleased eye see your courtesy. --Shak.
I hadde levere than my scherte, That ye hadde rad
his legende, as have I. --Chaucer.
I had as lief not be as live to be In awe of such
a thing as I myself. --Shak.
I had rather be a dog and bay the moon, Than such
a Roman. --Shak.
I had rather be a doorkeeper in the house of my
God, than to dwell in the tents of wickedness.
--Ps.
lxxxiv.10.
Hadder \Had"der\, n.
Heather; heath. [Obs.] --Burton.
Haddie \Had"die\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The haddock. [Scot.]
Haddock \Had"dock\, n. [OE. hadoc, haddok, of unknown origin;
cf. Ir. codog, Gael. adag, F. hadot.] (Zo["o]l.)
A marine food fish ({Melanogrammus [ae]glefinus}), allied to
the cod, inhabiting the northern coasts of Europe and
America. It has a dark lateral line and a black spot on each
side of the body, just back of the gills. Galled also
{haddie}, and {dickie}.
{Norway haddock}, a marine edible fish ({Sebastes marinus})
of Northern Europe and America. See {Rose fish}.
Hade \Hade\, n. [Cf. heald inclined, bowed down, G. halde
declivity.]
1. The descent of a hill. [Obs.]
2. (Mining) The inclination or deviation from the vertical of
any mineral vein.
Hade \Hade\, v. i. (Mining)
To deviate from the vertical; -- said of a vein, fault, or
lode.
Hades \Ha"des\, n. [Gr.? + ? to see. Cf. {Un-}, {Wit}.]
The nether world (according to classical mythology, the abode
of the shades, ruled over by Hades or Pluto); the invisible
world; the grave.
And death and Hades gave up the dead which were in
them. --Rev. xx. 13
(Rev. Ver. ).
Neither was he left in Hades, nor did his flesh see
corruption. --Acts ii. 31
(Rev. Ver.).
And in Hades he lifted up his eyes, being in torments.
--Luke xvi.23
(Rev. Ver.).
Hadj \Hadj\, n. [Ar. hajj, fr. hajja to set out, walk, go on a
pilgrimage.]
The pilgrimage to Mecca, performed by Mohammedans.
Hadji \Hadj"i\, n. [Ar. h[=a]j[imac]. See {Hadj}.]
1. A Mohammedan pilgrim to Mecca; -- used among Orientals as
a respectful salutation or a title of honor. --G. W.
Curtis.
2. A Greek or Armenian who has visited the holy sepulcher at
Jerusalem. --Heyse.
Hadrosaurus \Had`ro*sau"rus\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "adro`s thick +
say^ros lizard.] (Paleon.)
An American herbivorous dinosaur of great size, allied to the
iguanodon. It is found in the Cretaceous formation.
Haecceity \H[ae]c*ce`i*ty\, [L. h[ae]cce this.] (Logic)
Literally, this-ness. A scholastic term to express
individuality or singleness; as, this book.
Haema- \H[ae]m"a-\ (? or ?), Haemato- \H[ae]m"a*to-\ (? or ?),
Haemo- \H[ae]m"o-\ (? or ?). [Gr. ai^"ma, blood.]
Combining forms indicating relation or resemblance to blood,
association with blood; as, h[ae]mapod, h[ae]matogenesis,
h[ae]moscope.
Note: Words from Gr. (?) are written hema-, hemato-, hemo-,
as well as h[ae]ma-, h[ae]mato-, h[ae]mo-.
Haemachrome \H[ae]m"a*chrome\ (? or ?), n. [H[ae]ma- + Gr. ?
color.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Hematin.
Haemacyanin \H[ae]m`a*cy"a*nin\, n. [H[ae]ma- + Gr.? a dark blue
substance.] (Physiol. Chem.)
A substance found in the blood of the octopus, which gives to
it its blue color.
Note: When deprived of oxygen it is colorless, but becomes
quickly blue in contact with oxygen, and is then
generally called oxyh[ae]macyanin. A similar blue
coloring matter has been detected in small quantity in
the blood of other animals and in the bile.
Haemacytometer \H[ae]m`a*cy*tom"e*ter\, n. [H[ae]ma + Gr. ? a
hollow vessel + -meter.] (Physiol.)
An apparatus for determining the number of corpuscles in a
given quantity of blood.
Haemad \H[ae]"mad\, adv. [H[ae]ma- + L. ad toward.] (Anat.)
Toward the h[ae]mal side; on the h[ae]mal side of; -- opposed
to neurad.
Haemadrometer \H[ae]m`a*drom"e*ter\ (? or ?), Haemadremometer
\H[ae]m`a*dre*mom"e*ter\, n.
Same as {Hemadrometer}.
Haemadrometry \H[ae]m`a*drom"e*try\,Haemadromometry
\H[ae]m`a*dro*mom"e*try\, n.
Same as {Hemadrometry}.
Haemadromograph \H[ae]m`a*drom"o*graph\, n. [H[ae]ma- + Gr. ?
course + -graph.] (Physiol.)
An instrument for registering the velocity of the blood.
Haemadynameter \H[ae]`ma*dy*nam"e*ter\ (? or ?) Haemadynamometer
\H[ae]`ma*dy`na*mom"e*ter\ (? or ?),
Same as {Hemadynamometer}.
Haemadynamics \H[ae]ma*dy*nam"ics\, n.
Same as {Hemadynamics}.
Haemal \H[ae]"mal\, a. [Gr. a"i^ma blood.]
Pertaining to the blood or blood vessels; also, ventral. See
{Hemal}.
Haemaphaein \H[ae]m`a*ph[ae]"in\, n. [H[ae]ma- + Gr. ? dusky.]
(Physiol.)
A brownish substance sometimes found in the blood, in cases
of jaundice.
Haemapod \H[ae]m"a*pod\ (? or ?), n. [H[ae]ma + -pod.]
(Zo["o]l.)
An h[ae]mapodous animal. --G. Rolleston.
Haemapodous \H[ae]*map"o*dous\, a. (Anat.)
Having the limbs on, or directed toward, the ventral or hemal
side, as in vertebrates; -- opposed to neuropodous.
Haemapoietic \H[ae]m`a*poi*et"ic\ (? or ?), a. [H[ae]ma- + Gr. ?
productive.] (Physiol.)
Bloodforming; as, the h[ae]mapoietic function of the spleen.
Haemapophysis \H[ae]m`a*poph"y*sis\, n. [NL.]
Same as {Hemapophysis}. -- {H[ae]m`a*po*phys"i*al}, a.
Haemastatics \H[ae]m`a*stat"ics\, n.
Same as {Hemastatics}.
Haematachometer \H[ae]m`a*ta*chom"e*ter\, n. [H[ae]ma- + Gr. ?
swift + -meter.] (Physiol.)
A form of apparatus (somewhat different from the
hemadrometer) for measuring the velocity of the blood.
Haematachometry \H[ae]m`a*ta*chom"e*try\, n. (Physiol.)
The measurement of the velocity of the blood.
Haematemesis \H[ae]m`a*tem"e*sis\, n.
Same as {Hematemesis}.
Haematic \H[ae]*mat"ic\, a. [Gr. ?]
Of or pertaining to the blood; sanguine; brownish red.
{H[ae]matic acid} (Physiol.), a hypothetical acid, supposed
to be formed from hemoglobin during its oxidation in the
lungs, and to have the power of freeing carbonic acid from
the sodium carbonate of the serum. --Thudichum.
Haematin \H[ae]m"a*tin\, n.
Same as {Hematin}.
Haematinometer \H[ae]m`a*ti*nom"e*ter\, n.
Same as {Hematinometer}.
Haematinometric \H[ae]m`a*tin`o*met"ric\, a.
Same as {Hematinometric}.
Haematite \H[ae]m"a*tite\, n.
Same as {Hematite}.
Haematitic \H[ae]m`a*tit"ic\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of a blood-red color; crimson; (Bot.) brownish red.
Haemato- \H[ae]m"a*to-\ (? or ?), prefix.
See {H[ae]ma-}.
Haematoblast \H[ae]m"a*to*blast\, n. [H[ae]mato- + -blast.]
(Anat.)
One of the very minute, disk-shaped bodies found in blood
with the ordinary red corpuscles and white corpuscles; a
third kind of blood corpuscle, supposed by some to be an
early stage in the development of the red corpuscles; --
called also {blood plaque}, and {blood plate}.
Haematocrya \H[ae]m`a*toc"ry*a\, n. pl. (Zo["o]l.)
The cold-blooded vertebrates. Same as {Hematocrya}.
Haematocryal \H[ae]m`*a*toc"ry*al\, a.
Cold-blooded.
Haematocrystallin \H[ae]m`a*to*crys"tal*lin\, n.
Same as {Hematocrystallin}.
Haematodynamometer \H[ae]`ma*to*dy`na*mom"e*ter\ (? or ?), n.
Same as {Hemadynamometer}.
Haematogenesis \H[ae]m`a*to*gen"e*sis\, n. [H[ae]mato- +
genesis.] (Physiol.)
(a) The origin and development of blood.
(b) The transformation of venous arterial blood by
respiration; hematosis.
Haematogenic \H[ae]m`a*to*gen"ic\, a. (Physiol.)
Relating to h[ae]matogenesis.
Haematogenous \H[ae]m`a*tog"e*nous\, a. (Physiol.)
Originating in the blood.
Haematoglobulin \H[ae]m`a*to*glob"u*lin\, n.
Same as {Hematoglobin}.
Haematoid \H[ae]m"a*toid\, a.
Same as {Hematoid}.
Haematoidin \H[ae]m`a*toid"in\, n.
Same as {Hematoidin}.
Haematoin \H[ae]*mat"o*in\, n. [H[ae]mato- + -in.] (Physiol.
Chem.)
A substance formed from the hematin of blood, by removal of
the iron through the action of concentrated sulphuric acid.
Two like bodies, called respectively h[ae]matoporphyrin and
h[ae]matolin, are formed in a similar manner.
Haematolin \H[ae]*mat"o*lin\, n.
See {H[ae]matoin}.
Haematology \H[ae]m`a*tol"o*gy\ (? or ?), n.
The science which treats of the blood. Same as {Hematology}.
Haematometer \H[ae]m`a*tom"e*ter\, n. [H[ae]mato- + -meter.]
(Physiol.)
(a) Same as {Hemadynamometer}.
(b) An instrument for determining the number of blood
corpuscles in a given quantity of blood.
Haematophlina \H[ae]m`a*to*ph*li"na\, n. pl. [NL., fr. -gr. ?,
?, blood + ? to love.] (Zo["o]l.)
A division of Cheiroptera, including the bloodsucking bats.
See {Vampire}.
Haematoplast \H[ae]m"a*to*plast`\, n. [H[ae]mato- + Gr. ? to
mold.] (Anat.)
Same as {H[ae]matoblast}.
Haematoplastic \H[ae]m`a*to*plas"tic\, a. [H[ae]mato- +
-plastic.] (Physiol.)
Blood formative; -- applied to a substance in early fetal
life, which breaks up gradually into blood vessels.
Haematoporphyrin \H[ae]m`a*to*por"phy*rin\, n. [H[ae]mato- + Gr.
? purple.] (Physiol. Chem.)
See {H[ae]matoin}.
Haematosac \H[ae]m"a*to*sac`\, n. [H[ae]mato- + sac.] (Anat.)
A vascular sac connected, beneath the brain, in many fishes,
with the infundibulum.
Haematoscope \H[ae]m"a*to*scope`\, n.
A h[ae]moscope.
Haematosin \H[ae]m`a*to"sin\ (? or ?), n. (Physiol. Chem.)
Hematin. [R.]
Haematosis \H[ae]m`a*to"sis\, n.
Same as {Hematosis}.
Haematotherma \H[ae]m`a*to*ther"ma\, n. pl. (Zo["o]l.)
Same as {Hematotherma}.
Haematothermal \H[ae]m`a*to*ther"mal\, a.
Warm-blooded; homoiothermal.
Haematothorax \H[ae]m`a*to*tho"rax\, n.
Same as {Hemothorax}.
Haematexylin \H[ae]m`a*tex"y*lin\, n. [See {H[ae]matoxylon}.]
(Chem.)
The coloring principle of logwood. It is obtained as a yellow
crystalline substance, {C16H14O6}, with a sweetish taste.
Formerly called also {hematin}.
Haematoxylon \H[ae]m`a*tox"y*lon\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. a"i^ma blood
+ ? wood.] (Bot.)
A genus of leguminous plants containing but a single species,
the {H. Campechianum} or logwood tree, native in Yucatan.
Haematozoon \H[ae]m`a*to*zo"["o]n\, n.; pl. {H[ae]matozoa}.
[NL., fr. Gr. ?, blood + ? animal.] (Zo["o]l.)
A parasite inhabiting the blood; esp.:
(a) Certain species of nematodes of the genus {Filaria},
sometimes found in the blood of man, the horse, the dog,
etc.
(b) The trematode, {Bilharzia h[ae]matobia}, which infests
the inhabitants of Egypt and other parts of Africa, often
causing death.
Haemic \H[ae]"mic\ (? or ?), a.
Pertaining to the blood; hemal.
Haemin \H[ae]"min\, n.
Same as {Hemin}.
Haemo- \H[ae]m"o-\ (? or ?), prefix.
See {H[ae]ma-}.
Haemochrome \H[ae]m"ochrome\, n.
Same as {H[ae]machrome}.
Haemochromogen \H[ae]m`o*chro"mogen\, n. [H[ae]mochrome + -gen.]
(Physiol. Chem.)
A body obtained from hemoglobin, by the action of reducing
agents in the absence of oxygen.
Haemochromometer \H[ae]m`o*chro*mom`e*ter\, n. [H[ae]mochrome +
-meter.] (Physiol. Chem.)
An apparatus for measuring the amount of hemoglobin in a
fluid, by comparing it with a solution of known strength and
of normal color.
Haemocyanin \H[ae]m`o*cy"a*nin\, n.
Same as {H[ae]macyanin}.
Haemocytolysis \H[ae]m`o*cy*tol"y*sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. a"i^ma
blood + ? hollow vessel + ? to loosen, dissolve.] (Physiol.)
See {H[ae]mocytotrypsis}.
Haemocytometer \H[ae]m`o*cy*tom"e*ter\, n.
See {H[ae]macytometer}.
Haemocytotrypsis \H[ae]m`o*cy`to*tryp"sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr.
a"i^ma blood + ? hollow vessel+? to rub, grind.] (Physiol.)
A breaking up of the blood corpuscles, as by pressure, in
distinction from solution of the corpuscles, or
h[ae]mcytolysis.
Haemodromograph \H[ae]m`o*drom"o*graph\, n.
Same as {H[ae]madromograph}.
Haemodynameter \H[ae]`mo*dy*nam"e*ter\ (? or ?), n.
Same as {Hemadynamics}.
Haemoglobin \H[ae]m`o*glo"bin\, n.
Same as {Hemoglobin}.
Haemoglobinometer \H[ae]m`o*glo`bin*om"e*ter\, n. [H[ae]moglobin
+ -meter.]
Same as {Hemochromometer}.
Haemolutein \H[ae]m`o*lu"te*in\, n. [H[ae]mo- + corpus luteum.]
(Physiol.)
See {Hematoidin}.
Haemomanometer \H[ae]m`o*ma*nom"e*ter\, n. [H[ae]mo- +
manometer.]
Same as {Hemadynamometer}.
Haemometer \H[ae]*mom"e*ter\, n. [H[ae]mo- + -meter.] (Physiol.)
Same as {Hemadynamometer}.
Haemony \H[ae]"mo*ny\, n. [L. H[ae]monia a name of Thessaly, the
land of magic.]
A plant described by Milton as ``of sovereign use against all
enchantments.''
Haemoplastic \H[ae]mo*plas"tic\, a.
Same as {H[ae]matoplastic}.
Haemorrhoidal \H[ae]m"or*rhoid"al\, a.
Same as {Hemorrhoidal}.
Haemoscope \H[ae]m"o*scope\ (? or ?), n. [H[ae]mo- + -scope.]
(Physiol.)
An instrument devised by Hermann, for regulating and
measuring the thickness of a layer of blood for spectroscopic
examination.
Haemostatic \H[ae]m`o*stat"ic\, a.
Same as {Hemostatic}.
Haemotachometer \H[ae]m`o*ta*chom"e*ter\, n.
Same as {H[ae]matachometer}.
Haemotachometry \H[ae]m`o*ta*chom"e*try\, n.
Same as {H[ae]matachometry}.
Haf \Haf\, imp. of {Heave}.
Hove. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Haffle \Haf"fle\, v. i. [Cf. G. haften to cling, stick to, Prov.
G., to stop, stammer.]
To stammer; to speak unintelligibly; to prevaricate.
[Prov.Eng.] --Halliwell.
Haft \Haft\, n. [AS. h[ae]ft; akin to D. & G. heft, Icel. hepti,
and to E. Heave, or have. Cf. {Heft}.]
1. A handle; that part of an instrument or vessel taken into
the hand, and by which it is held and used; -- said
chiefly of a knife, sword, or dagger; the hilt.
This brandish'dagger I'll bury to the haft in her
fair breast. --Dryden.
2. A dwelling. [Scot.] --Jamieson.
Haft \Haft\, v. t.
To set in, or furnish with, a haft; as, to haft a dagger.
Hafter \Haft"er\, n. [?f. G. haften to cling or stick to, and E.
haffle.]
A caviler; a wrangler. [Obs.] --Baret.
Hag \Hag\, n. [OE. hagge, hegge, with, hag, AS. h[ae]gtesse;
akin to OHG. hagazussa, G. hexe, D. heks, Dan. hex, Sw.
h["a]xa. The first part of the word is prob. the same as E.
haw, hedge, and the orig. meaning was perh., wood woman, wild
woman. ?.]
1. A witch, sorceress, or enchantress; also, a wizard. [Obs.]
``[Silenus] that old hag.'' --Golding.
2. An ugly old woman.
3. A fury; a she-monster. --Grashaw.
4. (Zo["o]l.) An eel-like marine marsipobranch ({Myxine
glutinosa}), allied to the lamprey. It has a suctorial
mouth, with labial appendages, and a single pair of gill
openings. It is the type of the order Hyperotpeta. Called
also {hagfish}, {borer}, {slime eel}, {sucker}, and
{sleepmarken}.
5. (Zo["o]l.) The hagdon or shearwater.
6. An appearance of light and fire on a horse's mane or a
man's hair. --Blount.
{Hag moth} (Zo["o]l.), a moth ({Phobetron pithecium}), the
larva of which has curious side appendages, and feeds on
fruit trees.
{Hag's tooth} (Naut.), an ugly irregularity in the pattern of
matting or pointing.
Hag \Hag\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hagged}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hagging}.]
To harass; to weary with vexation.
How are superstitious men hagged out of their wits with
the fancy of omens. --L'Estrange.
Hag \Hag\, n. [Scot. hag to cut; cf. E. hack.]
1. A small wood, or part of a wood or copse, which is marked
off or inclosed for felling, or which has been felled.
This said, he led me over hoults and hags; Through
thorns and bushes scant my legs I drew. --Fairfax.
2. A quagmire; mossy ground where peat or turf has been cut.
--Dugdale.
Hagberry \Hag"ber"ry\, n. (Bot.)
A plant of the genus {Prunus} ({P. Padus}); the bird cherry.
[Scot.]
Hagborn \Hag"born`\, a.
Born of a hag or witch. --Shak.
Hagbut \Hag"but\, n. [OF. haquebute, prob. a corruption of D.
haakbus; haak hook + bus gun barrel. See {Hook}, and 2d
{Box}, and cf. {Arquebus}.]
A harquebus, of which the but was bent down or hooked for
convenience in taking aim. [Written also {haguebut} and
{hackbuss}.]
Hagbutter \Hag"but*ter\, n.
A soldier armed with a hagbut or arquebus. [Written also
{hackbutter}.] --Froude.
Hagdon \Hag"don\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
One of several species of sea birds of the genus {Puffinus};
esp., {P. major}, the greater shearwarter, and {P.
Stricklandi}, the black hagdon or sooty shearwater; -- called
also {hagdown}, {haglin}, and {hag}. See {Shearwater}.
Haggada \Hag*ga"da\, n.; pl. {Haggadoth}. [Rabbinic
hagg[=a]dh[=a], fr. Heb. higg[=i]dh to relate.]
A story, anecdote, or legend in the Talmud, to explain or
illustrate the text of the Old Testament. [Written also
{hadaga}.]
Haggard \Hag"gard\, a. [F. hagard; of German origin, and prop.
meaning, of the hegde or woods, wild, untamed. See {Hedge},
{1st Haw}, and {-ard}.]
1. Wild or intractable; disposed to break away from duty;
untamed; as, a haggard or refractory hawk. [Obs.] --Shak.
2. [For hagged, fr. hag a witch, influenced by haggard wild.]
Having the expression of one wasted by want or suffering;
hollow-eyed; having the features distorted or wasted, or
anxious in appearance; as, haggard features, eyes.
Staring his eyes, and haggard was his look.
--Dryden.
Haggard \Hag"gard\, n. [See {Haggard}, a.]
1. (Falconry) A young or untrained hawk or falcon.
2. A fierce, intractable creature.
I have loved this proud disdainful haggard. --Shak.
3. [See {Haggard}, a., 2.] A hag. [Obs.] --Garth.
Haggard \Hag"gard\, n. [See {1st Haw}, {Hedge}, and {Yard} an
inclosed space.]
A stackyard. [Prov. Eng.] --Swift.
Haggardly \Hag"gard*ly\, adv.
In a haggard manner. --Dryden.
Hagged \Hag"ged\, a.
Like a hag; lean; ugly. [R.]
Haggis \Hag"gis\, n. [Scot. hag to hack, chop, E. hack. Formed,
perhaps, in imitation of the F. hachis (E. hash), fr.
hacher.]
A Scotch pudding made of the heart, liver, lights, etc., of a
sheep or lamb, minced with suet, onions, oatmeal, etc.,
highly seasoned, and boiled in the stomach of the same
animal; minced head and pluck. [Written also {haggiss},
{haggess}, and {haggies}.]
Haggish \Hag"gish\, a.
Like a hag; ugly; wrinkled.
But on both did haggish age steal on. --Shak.
Haggishly \Hag"gish*ly\, adv.
In the manner of a hag.
Haggle \Hag"gle\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Haggled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Haggling}.] [Freq. of Scot. hag, E. hack. See {Hack} to
cut.]
To cut roughly or hack; to cut into small pieces; to notch or
cut in an unskillful manner; to make rough or mangle by
cutting; as, a boy haggles a stick of wood.
Suffolk first died, and York, all haggled o'er, Comes
to him, where in gore he lay insteeped. --Shak.
Haggle \Hag"gle\, v. i.
To be difficult in bargaining; to stick at small matters; to
chaffer; to higgle.
Royalty and science never haggled about the value of
blood. --Walpole.
Haggle \Hag"gle\, n.
The act or process of haggling. --Carlyle.
Haggler \Hag"gler\, n.
1. One who haggles or is difficult in bargaining.
2. One who forestalls a market; a middleman between producer
and dealer in London vegetable markets.
Hagiarchy \Ha"gi*ar`chy\, n. [Gr. ? sacred, holy + -archy.]
A sacred government; by holy orders of men. --Southey.
Hagiocracy \Ha`gi*oc"ra*cy\, n. [Gr. ? holy, and ? to govern.]
Government by a priesthood; hierarchy.
Hagiographa \Ha`gi*og"ra*pha\, n. pl. [L., fr. Gr. ? (sc.?), fr.
? written by inspiration; ? sacred, holy + ? to write.]
1. The last of the three Jewish divisions of the Old
Testament, or that portion not contained in the Law and
the Prophets. It comprises Psalms, Proverbs, Job,
Canticles, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther,
Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, and Chronicles.
2. (R. C. Ch.) The lives of the saints. --Brande & C.
Hagiographal \Ha`gi*og"ra*phal\,
Pertaining to the hagiographa, or to sacred writings.
Hagiographer \Ha`gi*og"ra*pher\, n.
One of the writers of the hagiographa; a writer of lives of
the saints. --Shipley.
Hagiography \Ha`gi*og"ra*phy\ (?, 277), n.
Same {Hagiographa}.
Hagiolatry \Ha`gi*ol"a*try\, n. [Gr. ? sacred + ? worship.]
The invocation or worship of saints.
Hagiologist \Ha`gi*ol"o*gist\, n.
One who treats of the sacred writings; a writer of the lives
of the saints; a hagiographer. --Tylor.
Hagiologists have related it without scruple.
--Southey.
Hagiology \Ha`gi*ol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ? sacred + -logy.]
The history or description of the sacred writings or of
sacred persons; a narrative of the lives of the saints; a
catalogue of saints. --J. H. Newman.
Hagioscope \Ha"gi*o*scope`\, n. [Gr. ? sacred + -scope.]
An opening made in the interior walls of a cruciform church
to afford a view of the altar to those in the transepts; --
called, in architecture, a squint. --Hook.
Hag-ridden \Hag"-rid`den\, a.
Ridden by a hag or witch; hence, afflicted with nightmare.
--Beattie. Cheyne.
Hagseed \Hag"seed`\, n.
The offspring of a hag. --Shak.
Hagship \Hag"ship\, n.
The state or title of a hag. --Middleton.
Hag-taper \Hag"-ta`per\, n. [Cf. 1st {Hag}, and {Hig-taper}.]
(Bot.)
The great woolly mullein ({Verbascum Thapsus}).
Haguebut \Hague"but\, n.
See {Hagbut}.
Hah \Hah\ (h[aum]), interj.
Same as {Ha}.
Ha-ha \Ha-ha"\, n. [See {Haw-haw}.]
A sunk fence; a fence, wall, or ditch, not visible till one
is close upon it. [Written also {haw-haw}.]
Haidingerite \Hai"ding*er*ite\, n. (Min.)
A mineral consisting of the arseniate of lime; -- so named in
honor of W. Haidinger, of Vienna.
Haiduck \Hai"duck\, n. [G. haiduck, heiduck, fr. Hung. hajdu.]
Formerly, a mercenary foot soldier in Hungary, now, a
halberdier of a Hungarian noble, or an attendant in German or
Hungarian courts. [Written also {hayduck}, {heiduc},
{heiduck}, and {heyduk}.]
Haik \Haik\ (h[=a]k; Ar. h[aum]*[-e]k), n. [Ar. h[=a]["i]k, fr.
h[=a]ka to weave.]
A large piece of woolen or cotton cloth worn by Arabs as an
outer garment. [Written also {hyke}.] --Heyse.
Haikal \Hai"kal\ (h[imac]"kal), n.
The central chapel of the three forming the sanctuary of a
Coptic church. It contains the high altar, and is usually
closed by an embroidered curtain.
Hail \Hail\ (h[=a]l), n. [OE. hail, ha[yogh]el, AS. h[ae]gel;
akin to D., G., Dan., & Sw. hagel; Icel. hagl; cf. Gr.
ka`chlhx pebble.]
Small roundish masses of ice precipitated from the clouds,
where they are formed by the congelation of vapor. The
separate masses or grains are called hailstones.
Thunder mixed with hail, Hail mixed with fire, must
rend the Egyptian sky. --Milton.
Hail \Hail\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Halled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Halting}.] [OE. hailen, AS. haqalian.]
To pour down particles of ice, or frozen vapors.
Hail \Hail\, v. t.
To pour forcibly down, as hail. --Shak.
Hail \Hail\, a.
Healthy. See {Hale} (the preferable spelling).
Hail \Hail\, v. t. [OE. hailen, heilen, Icel. heil hale, sound,
used in greeting. See {Hale} sound.]
1. To call loudly to, or after; to accost; to salute; to
address.
2. To name; to designate; to call.
And such a son as all men hailed me happy. --Milton.
Hail \Hail\, v. i.
1. To declare, by hailing, the port from which a vessel sails
or where she is registered; hence, to sail; to come; --
used with from; as, the steamer hails from New York.
2. To report as one's home or the place from whence one
comes; to come; -- with from. [Colloq.] --G. G. Halpine.
Hail \Hail\, interj. [See {Hail}, v. t.]
An exclamation of respectful or reverent salutation, or,
occasionally, of familiar greeting. ``Hail, brave friend.''
--Shak.
{All hail}. See in the Vocabulary.
{Hail Mary}, a form of prayer made use of in the Roman
Catholic Church in invocation of the Virgin. See {Ave
Maria}.
Hail \Hail\, n.
A wish of health; a salutation; a loud call. ``Their puissant
hail.'' --M. Arnold.
The angel hail bestowed. --Milton.
Hail-fellow \Hail"-fel`low\, n.
An intimate companion.
Hail-fellow well met. --Lyly.
Hailse \Hailse\, v. t. [OE. hailsen, Icel. heilsa. Cf. {Hall} to
call to.]
To greet; to salute. [Obs.] --P. Plowman.
Hailshot \Hail"shot`\, n. pl.
Small shot which scatter like hailstones. [Obs.] --Hayward.
Hailstone \Hail"stone`\, n.
A single particle of ice falling from a cloud; a frozen
raindrop; a pellet of hail.
Hailstorm \Hail"storm`\, n.
A storm accompanied with hail; a shower of hail.
Haily \Hai"ly\, a.
Of hail. ``Haily showers.'' --Pope.
Han \Han\, v. t. [Cf. Sw. h["a]gn hedge, inclosure, Dan. hegn
hedge, fence. See {Hedge}.]
To inclose for mowing; to set aside for grass. ``A ground . .
. hained in.'' --Holland.
Hain't \Hain't\
A contraction of have not or has not; as, I hain't, he
hain't, we hain't. [Colloq. or illiterate speech.] [Written
also {han't}.]
Hair \Hair\, n. [OE. her, heer, h[ae]r, AS. h[=ae]r; akin to
OFries, h[=e]r, D. & G. haar, OHG. & Icel. h[=a]r, Dan. haar,
Sw. h[*a]r; cf. Lith. kasa.]
1. The collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin
of an animal, and forming a covering for a part of the
head or for any part or the whole of the body.
2. One the above-mentioned filaments, consisting, in
invertebrate animals, of a long, tubular part which is
free and flexible, and a bulbous root imbedded in the
skin.
Then read he me how Sampson lost his hairs.
--Chaucer.
And draweth new delights with hoary hairs.
--Spenser.
3. Hair (human or animal) used for various purposes; as, hair
for stuffing cushions.
4. (Zo["o]l.) A slender outgrowth from the chitinous cuticle
of insects, spiders, crustaceans, and other invertebrates.
Such hairs are totally unlike those of vertebrates in
structure, composition, and mode of growth.
5. An outgrowth of the epidermis, consisting of one or of
several cells, whether pointed, hooked, knobbed, or
stellated. Internal hairs occur in the flower stalk of the
yellow frog lily ({Nuphar}).
6. A spring device used in a hair-trigger firearm.
7. A haircloth. [Obc.] --Chaucer.
8. Any very small distance, or degree; a hairbreadth.
Note: Hairs is often used adjectively or in combination; as,
hairbrush or hair brush, hair dye, hair oil, hairpin,
hair powder, a brush, a dye, etc., for the hair.
{Against the hair}, in a rough and disagreeable manner;
against the grain. [Obs.] ``You go against the hair of
your professions.'' --Shak.
{Hair bracket} (Ship Carp.), a molding which comes in at the
back of, or runs aft from, the figurehead.
{Hair cells} (Anat.), cells with hairlike processes in the
sensory epithelium of certain parts of the internal ear.
{Hair compass}, {Hair divider}, a compass or divider capable
of delicate adjustment by means of a screw.
{Hair glove}, a glove of horsehair for rubbing the skin.
{Hair lace}, a netted fillet for tying up the hair of the
head. --Swift.
{Hair line}, a line made of hair; a very slender line.
{Hair moth} (Zo["o]l.), any moth which destroys goods made of
hair, esp. {Tinea biselliella}.
{Hair pencil}, a brush or fine hair, for painting; --
generally called by the name of the hair used; as, a
camel's hair pencil, a sable's hair pencil, etc.
{Hair plate}, an iron plate forming the back of the hearth of
a bloomery fire.
{Hair powder}, a white perfumed powder, as of flour or
starch, formerly much used for sprinkling on the hair of
the head, or on wigs.
{Hair seal} (Zo["o]l.), any one of several species of eared
seals which do not produce fur; a sea lion.
{Hair seating}, haircloth for seats of chairs, etc.
{Hair shirt}, a shirt, or a band for the loins, made of
horsehair, and worn as a penance.
{Hair sieve}, a strainer with a haircloth bottom.
{Hair snake}. See {Gordius}.
{Hair space} (Printing), the thinnest metal space used in
lines of type.
{Hair stroke}, a delicate stroke in writing.
{Hair trigger}, a trigger so constructed as to discharge a
firearm by a very slight pressure, as by the touch of a
hair. --Farrow.
{Not worth a hair}, of no value.
{To a hair}, with the nicest distinction.
{To split hairs}, to make distinctions of useless nicety.
Hairbell \Hair"bell`\, n. (Bot.)
See {Harebell}.
Hairbird \Hair"bird`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The chipping sparrow.
Hairbrained \Hair"brained`\, a.
See {Harebrained}.
Hairbreadth \Hair"breadth`\, Hair'sbreadth \Hair's"breadth`\
The diameter or breadth of a hair; a very small distance;
sometimes, definitely, the forty-eighth part of an inch.
Every one could sling stones at an hairbreadth and not
miss. --Judg. xx. 16
Hairbreadth \Hair"breadth`\, a.
Having the breadth of a hair; very narrow; as, a hairbreadth
escape.
Hair-brown \Hair"-brown`\, a.
Of a clear tint of brown, resembling brown human hair. It is
composed of equal proportions of red and green.
Hairbrush \Hair"brush`\, n.
A brush for cleansing and smoothing the hair.
Haircloth \Hair"cloth`\, n.
Stuff or cloth made wholly or in part of hair.
Hairdresser \Hair"dress`er\, n.
One who dresses or cuts hair; a barber.
Haired \Haired\, a.
1. Having hair. ``A beast haired like a bear.'' --Purchas.
2. In composition: Having (such) hair; as, red-haired.
Hairen \Hai"ren\, a. [AS. h?ren.]
Hairy. [Obc.]
His hairen shirt and his ascetic diet. --J. Taylor.
Hair grass \Hair" grass`\ (Bot.)
A grass with very slender leaves or branches; as the
{Agrostis scabra}, and several species of {Aira} or
{Deschampsia}.
Hairiness \Hair"i*ness\, n.
The state of abounding, or being covered, with hair.
--Johnson.
Hairless \Hair"less\, a.
Destitute of hair. --Shak.
Hairpin \Hair"pin`\, n.
A pin, usually forked, or of bent wire, for fastening the
hair in place, -- used by women.
Hair-salt \Hair"-salt`\, n. [A translation of G. haarsalz.]
(Min.)
A variety of native Epsom salt occurring in silky fibers.
Hairsplitter \Hair"split`ter\, n.
One who makes excessively nice or needless distinctions in
reasoning; one who quibbles. ``The caviling hairsplitter.''
--De Quincey.
Hairsplitting \Hair"split`ting\, a.
Making excessively nice or trivial distinctions in reasoning;
subtle. -- n. The act or practice of making trivial
distinctions.
The ancient hairsplitting technicalities of special
pleading. --Charles
Sumner.
Hairspring \Hair"spring`\, n. (Horology)
The slender recoil spring which regulates the motion of the
balance in a timepiece.
Hairstreak \Hair"streak`\, n.
A butterfly of the genus {Thecla}; as, the green hairstreak
({T. rubi}).
Hairtail \Hair"tail`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Any species of marine fishes of the genus {Trichiurus}; esp.,
{T. lepterus} of Europe and America. They are long and like a
band, with a slender, pointed tail. Called also {bladefish}.
Hairworm \Hair"worm`\ (Zo["o]l.)
A nematoid worm of the genus {Gordius}, resembling a hair.
See {Gordius}.
Hairy \Hair"y\, a.
Bearing or covered with hair; made of or resembling hair;
rough with hair; rough with hair; rough with hair; hirsute.
His mantle hairy, and his bonnet sedge. --Milton.
Haitian \Hai"ti*an\, a. & n.
See {Haytian}.
Haye \Ha"ye\, n. [Ar. hayya snake.] (Zo["o]l.)
The Egyptian asp or cobra ({Naja haje}.) It is related to the
cobra of India, and like the latter has the power of
inflating its neck into a hood. Its bite is very venomous. It
is supposed to be the snake by means of whose bite Cleopatra
committed suicide, and hence is sometimes called {Cleopatra's
snake} or {asp}. See {Asp}.
Hake \Hake\, n. [See {Hatch} a half door.]
A drying shed, as for unburned tile.
Hake \Hake\, n. [Also {haak}.] [Akin to Norweg. hakefisk, lit.,
hook fish, Prov. E. hake hook, G. hecht pike. See {Hook}.]
(Zo["o]l.)
One of several species of marine gadoid fishes, of the genera
{Phycis}, {Merlucius}, and allies. The common European hake
is {M. vulgaris}; the American silver hake or whiting is {M.
bilinearis}. Two American species ({Phycis chuss} and {P.
tenius}) are important food fishes, and are also valued for
their oil and sounds. Called also {squirrel hake}, and
{codling}.
Hake \Hake\, v. t.
To loiter; to sneak. [Prov. Eng.]
Hake's-dame \Hake's"-dame`\, n.
See {Forkbeard}.
Haketon \Hak"e*ton\, n.
Same as {Acton}. [Obs.]
Hakim \Ha*kim"\, n. [Ar. hak[=i]m.]
A wise man; a physician, esp. a Mohammedan. [India]
Hakim \Ha"kim\, n. [Ar. h[=a]kim.]
A Mohammedan title for a ruler; a judge. [India]
Halacha \Ha*la"cha\, n.; pl. {Halachoth}(?) [Heb.
hal[=a]ch[=a]h.]
The general term for the Hebrew oral or traditional law; one
of two branches of exposition in the Midrash. See {Midrash}.
Halation \Ha*la"tion\ (h[asl]*l[=a]"sh[u^]n), n. (Photog.)
An appearance as of a halo of light, surrounding the edges of
dark objects in a photographic picture.
Halberd \Hal"berd\ (h[o^]l"b[~e]rd; 277), n. [F. hallebarde; of
German origin; cf. MHG. helmbarte, G. hellebarte; prob.
orig., an ax to split a helmet, fr. G. barte a broad ax
(orig. from the same source as E. beard; cf. Icel. bar[eth]a,
a kind of ax, skegg beard, skeggja a kind of halberd) + helm
helmet; but cf. also MHG. helm, halm, handle, and E. helve.
See {Beard}, {Helmet}.] (Mil.)
An ancient long-handled weapon, of which the head had a point
and several long, sharp edges, curved or straight, and
sometimes additional points. The heads were sometimes of very
elaborate form. [Written also {halbert}.]
Halberdier \Hal`berd*ier"\, n. [F. hallebardier.]
One who is armed with a halberd. --Strype.
Halberd-shaped \Hal"berd-shaped`\, a.
Hastate.
Halcyon \Hal"cy*on\, n. [L. halcyon, alcyon, Gr.?: F. halcyon.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A kingfisher. By modern ornithologists restricted to a genus
including a limited number of species having omnivorous
habits, as the sacred kingfisher ({Halcyon sancta}) of
Australia.
Amidst our arms as quiet you shall be As halcyons
brooding on a winter sea. --Dryden.
Halcyon \Hal"cy*on\, a.
1. Pertaining to, or resembling, the halcyon, which was
anciently said to lay her eggs in nests on or near the sea
during the calm weather about the winter solstice.
2. Hence: Calm; quiet; peaceful; undisturbed; happy. ``Deep,
halcyon repose.'' --De Quincy.
Halcyonian \Hal`cy*o"ni*an\, a.
Halcyon; calm.
Halcyonold \Hal"cy*o*nold\, a. & n. [Halcyon + -oid.] (Zo["o]l.)
See {Alcyonoid}.
Hale \Hale\ (h[=a]l), a. [Written also {hail}.] [OE. heil, Icel.
heill; akin to E. whole. See {Whole}.]
Sound; entire; healthy; robust; not impaired; as, a hale
body.
Last year we thought him strong and hale. --Swift.
Hale \Hale\, n.
Welfare. [Obs.]
All heedless of his dearest hale. --Spenser.
Hale \Hale\ (h[=a]l or h[add]l; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Haled} (h[=a]ld or h[add]ld); p. pr. & vb. n. {Haling}.]
[OE. halen, halien; cf. AS. holian, to acquire, get. See
{Haul}.]
To pull; to drag; to haul. See {Haul}. --Chaucer.
Easier both to freight, and to hale ashore. --Milton.
As some dark priest hales the reluctant victim.
--Shelley.
Halesia \Ha*le"si*a\, n. [NL.] (Bot.)
A genus of American shrubs containing several species, called
{snowdrop trees}, or silver-bell trees. They have showy,
white flowers, drooping on slender pedicels.
Half \Half\ (h[aum]f), a. [AS. healf, half, half; as a noun,
half, side, part; akin to OS., OFries., & D. half, G. halb,
Sw. half, Dan. halv, Icel. h[=a]lfr, Goth. halbs. Cf.
{Halve}, {Behalf}.]
1. Consisting of a moiety, or half; as, a half bushel; a half
hour; a half dollar; a half view.
Note: The adjective and noun are often united to form a
compound.
2. Consisting of some indefinite portion resembling a half;
approximately a half, whether more or less; partial;
imperfect; as, a half dream; half knowledge.
Assumed from thence a half consent. --Tennyson.
{Half ape} (Zo["o]l.), a lemur.
{Half back}. (Football) See under 2d {Back}.
{Half bent}, the first notch, for the sear point to enter, in
the tumbler of a gunlock; the halfcock notch.
{Half binding}, a style of bookbinding in which only the back
and corners are in leather.
{Half boarder}, one who boards in part; specifically, a
scholar at a boarding school who takes dinner only.
{Half-breadth plan} (Shipbuilding), a horizontal plan of the
half a vessel, divided lengthwise, showing the lines.
{Half cadence} (Mus.), a cadence on the dominant.
{Half cap}, a slight salute with the cap. [Obs.] --Shak.
{A half cock}, the position of the cock of a gun when
retained by the first notch.
{Half hitch}, a sailor's knot in a rope; half of a clove
hitch.
{Half hose}, short stockings; socks.
{Half measure}, an imperfect or weak line of action.
{Half note} (Mus.), a minim, one half of a semibreve.
{Half pay}, half of the wages or salary; reduced pay; as, an
officer on half pay.
{Half price}, half the ordinary price; or a price much
reduced.
{Half round}.
(a) (Arch.) A molding of semicircular section.
(b) (Mech.) Having one side flat and the other rounded; --
said of a file.
{Half shift} (Mus.), a position of the hand, between the open
position and the first shift, in playing on the violin and
kindred instruments. See {Shift}.
{Half step} (Mus.), a semitone; the smallest difference of
pitch or interval, used in music.
{Half tide}, the time or state of the tide equally distant
from ebb and flood.
{Half time}, half the ordinary time for work or attendance;
as, the half-time system.
{Half tint} (Fine Arts), a middle or intermediate tint, as in
drawing or painting. See {Demitint}.
{Half truth}, a statement only partially true, or which gives
only a part of the truth. --Mrs. Browning.
{Half year}, the space of six months; one term of a school
when there are two terms in a year.
Half \Half\, adv.
In an equal part or degree; in some pa? appro?mating a half;
partially; imperfectly; as, half-colored, half done,
half-hearted, half persuaded, half conscious. ``Half loth and
half consenting.'' --Dryden.
Their children spoke halfin the speech of Ashdod.
--Neh. xiii.
24
Half \Half\, n.; pl. {Halves}. [AS. healf. See {Half}, a.]
1. Part; side; behalf. [Obs.] --Wyclif.
The four halves of the house. --Chaucer.
2. One of two equal parts into which anything may be divided,
or considered as divided; -- sometimes followed by of; as,
a half of an apple.
Not half his riches known, and yet despised.
--Milton.
A friendship so complete Portioned in halves between
us. --Tennyson.
{Better half}. See under {Better}.
{In half}, in two; an expression sometimes used improperly
instead of in or into halves; as, to cut in half.
[Colloq.] --Dickens.
{In, or On}, {one's half}, in one's behalf; on one's part.
[Obs.]
{To cry halves}, to claim an equal share with another.
{To go halves}, to share equally between two.
Half \Half\, v. t.
To halve. [Obs.] See {Halve}. --Sir H. Wotton.
Half-and-half \Half`-and-half"\, n.
A mixture of two malt liquors, esp. porter and ale, in about
equal parts. --Dickens.
Halfbeak \Half"beak`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Any slender, marine fish of the genus {Hemirhamphus}, having
the upper jaw much shorter than the lower; -- called also
{balahoo}.
Half blood \Half" blood`\
1. The relation between persons born of the same father or of
the same mother, but not of both; as, a brother or sister
of the half blood. See {Blood}, n., 2 and 4.
2. A person so related to another.
3. A person whose father and mother are of different races; a
half-breed.
Note: In the 2d and 3d senses usually with a hyphen.
Half-blooded \Half"-blood`ed\, a.
1. Proceeding from a male and female of different breeds or
races; having only one parent of good stock; as, a
half-blooded sheep.
2. Degenerate; mean.
Half-boot \Half"-boot`\, n.
A boot with a short top covering only the ankle. See
{Cocker}, and {Congress boot}, under {Congress}.
Half-bound \Half"-bound`\, n.
Having only the back and corners in leather, as a book.
Half-bred \Half"-bred`\, a.
1. Half-blooded. [Obs.]
2. Imperfectly acquainted with the rules of good-breeding;
not well trained. --Atterbury.
Half-breed \Half"-breed`\, a.
Half-blooded.
Half-breed \Half"-breed`\, n.
A person who is blooded; the offspring of parents of
different races, especially of the American Indian and the
white race.
Half-brother \Half"-broth`er\, n.
A brother by one parent, but not by both.
Half-caste \Half"-caste`\, n.
One born of a European parent on the one side, and of a
Hindoo or Mohammedan on the other. Also adjective; as,
half-caste parents.
Half-clammed \Half"-clammed`\, a.
Half-filled. [Obs.]
Lions' half-clammed entrails roar food. --Marston.
Halfcock \Half"cock`\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Halfcocked}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Halfcocking}.]
To set the cock of (a firearm) at the first notch.
{To go off halfcocked}.
(a) To be discharged prematurely, or with the trigger at half
cock; -- said of a firearm.
(b) To do or say something without due thought or care.
[Colloq. or Low]
Half-cracked \Half"-cracked`\, a.
Half-demented; half-witted. [Colloq.]
Half-deck \Half"-deck`\, n.
1. (Zo["o]l.) A shell of the genus {Crepidula}; a boat shell.
See {Boat shell}.
2. See {Half deck}, under {Deck}.
Half-decked \Half"-decked`\, a.
Partially decked.
The half-decked craft . . . used by the latter Vikings.
--Elton.
Halfen \Half"en\, a. [From {Half}.]
Wanting half its due qualities. [Obs.] --Spencer.
Halfendeal \Half"en*deal`\, adv. [OE. halfendele. See {Half},
and {Deal}.]
Half; by the part. [Obs.] --Chaucer. -- n. A half part.
[Obs.] --R. of Brunne.
Halfer \Half"er\, n.
1. One who possesses or gives half only; one who shares.
[Obs.] --Bp. Montagu.
2. A male fallow deer gelded. --Pegge (1814).
Half-faced \Half"-faced`\, a.
Showing only part of the face; wretched looking; meager.
--Shak.
Half-fish \Half"-fish`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A salmon in its fifth year of growth. [Prov. Eng.]
Half-hatched \Half"-hatched`\, a.
Imperfectly hatched; as, half-hatched eggs. --Gay.
Half-heard \Half"-heard`\, a.
Imperfectly or partly heard to the end.
And leave half-heard the melancholy tale. --Pope.
Half-hearted \Half"-heart`ed\, a.
1. Wanting in heart or spirit; ungenerous; unkind. --B.
Jonson.
2. Lacking zeal or courage; lukewarm.
--H. James.
Half-hourly \Half"-hour`ly\, a.
Done or happening at intervals of half an hour.
Half-learned \Half"-learned`\, a.
Imperfectly learned.
Half-length \Half"-length`\, a.
Of half the whole or ordinary length, as a picture.
Half-mast \Half"-mast`\, n.
A point some distance below the top of a mast or staff; as, a
flag a half-mast (a token of mourning, etc.).
Half-moon \Half"-moon`\, n.
1. The moon at the quarters, when half its disk appears
illuminated.
2. The shape of a half-moon; a crescent.
See how in warlike muster they appear, In rhombs,
and wedges, and half-moons, and wings. --Milton.
3. (Fort.) An outwork composed of two faces, forming a
salient angle whose gorge resembles a half-moon; -- now
called a {ravelin}.
4. (Zo["o]l.) A marine, sparoid, food fish of California
({C[ae]siosoma Californiense}). The body is ovate,
blackish above, blue or gray below. Called also
{medialuna}.
Halfness \Half"ness\, n.
The quality of being half; incompleteness. [R.]
As soon as there is any departure from simplicity, and
attempt at halfness, or good for me that is not good
for him, my neighbor feels the wrong. --Emerson.
Halfpace \Half"pace`\, n. (Arch.)
A platform of a staircase where the stair turns back in
exactly the reverse direction of the lower flight. See
{Quarterpace}.
Note: This term and quartepace are rare or unknown in the
United States, {platform} or {landing} being used
instead.
Half-pike \Half"-pike`\, n. (Mil.)
A short pike, sometimes carried by officers of infantry,
sometimes used in boarding ships; a spontoon. --Tatler.
Half-port \Half"-port`\, n. (Naut.)
One half of a shutter made in two parts for closing a
porthole.
Half-ray \Half"-ray`\, n. (Geom.)
A straight line considered as drawn from a center to an
indefinite distance in one direction, the complete ray being
the whole line drawn to an indefinite distance in both
directions.
Half-read \Half"-read`\, a.
Informed by insufficient reading; superficial; shallow.
--Dryden.
Half seas over \Half" seas` o`ver\
Half drunk. [Slang: used only predicatively.] --Spectator.
Half-sighted \Half"-sight`ed\, a.
Seeing imperfectly; having weak discernment. --Bacon.
Half-sister \Half"-sis`ter\, n.
A sister by one parent only.
Half-strained \Half"-strained`\, a.
Half-bred; imperfect. [R.] ``A half-strained villain.''
--Dryden.
Half-sword \Half"-sword`\, n.
Half the length of a sword; close fight. ``At half-sword.''
--Shak.
Half-timbered \Half"-tim`bered\, a. (Arch.)
Constructed of a timber frame, having the spaces filled in
with masonry; -- said of buildings.
Half-tounue \Half"-tounue`\ (-t[u^]ng`), n. (O. Law)
A jury, for the trial of a foreigner, composed equally of
citizens and aliens.
Halfway \Half"way`\, adv.
In the middle; at half the distance; imperfectly; partially;
as, he halfway yielded.
Temples proud to meet their gods halfway. --Young.
Halfway \Half"way`\, a.
Equally distant from the extremes; situated at an
intermediate point; midway.
{Halfway covenant}, a practice among the Congregational
churches of New England, between 1657 and 1662, of
permitting baptized persons of moral life and orthodox
faith to enjoy all the privileges of church membership,
save the partaking of the Lord's Supper. They were also
allowed to present their children for baptism.
{Halfway house}, an inn or place of call midway on a journey.
Half-wit \Half"-wit`\, n.
A foolish; a dolt; a blockhead; a dunce. --Dryden.
Half-witted \Half"-wit`ted\, a.
Weak in intellect; silly.
Half-yearly \Half"-year`ly\, a.
Two in a year; semiannual. -- adv. Twice in a year;
semiannually.
Halibut \Hal"i*but\ (?;277), n. [OE. hali holy + but, butte,
flounder; akin to D. bot, G. butte; cf. D. heilbot, G.
heilbutt. So named as being eaten on holidays. See {Holy},
{Holiday}.] (Zo["o]l.)
A large, northern, marine flatfish ({Hippoglossus vulgaris}),
of the family {Pleuronectid[ae]}. It often grows very large,
weighing more than three hundred pounds. It is an important
food fish. [Written also {holibut}.]
Halichondriae \Hal`i*chon"dri*[ae]\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?,
sea + ? cartilage.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of sponges, having simple siliceous spicules and
keratose fibers; -- called also {Keratosilicoidea}.
Halicore \Hal"i*core\ (?; L.?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.? sea + ?
maiden.]
Same as {Dugong}.
Halidom \Hal"i*dom\, n. [AS. h[=a]ligd?m holiness, sacrament,
sanctuary, relics; h[=a]lig holy + -d?m, E. -dom. See
{Holy}.]
1. Holiness; sanctity; sacred oath; sacred things; sanctuary;
-- used chiefly in oaths. [Archaic]
So God me help and halidom. --Piers
Plowman.
By my halidom, I was fast asleep. --Shak.
2. Holy doom; the Last Day. [R.] --Shipley.
Halieutics \Hal`i*eu"tics\, n. [L. halieuticus pertaining to
fishing, Gr. ?.]
A treatise upon fish or the art of fishing; ichthyology.
Halmas \Hal"mas\, a. [See {Hallowmas}.]
The feast of All Saints; Hallowmas. [Obs.]
Haliographer \Ha`li*og"ra*pher\ (? or ?), n.
One who writes about or describes the sea.
Haliography \Ha`li*og"ra*phy\, n. [Gr. ? the sea + -graphy.]
Description of the sea; the science that treats of the sea.
Haliotis \Ha`li*o"tis\ (? or ?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? sea + ?, ?,
ear.] (Zo["o]l.)
A genus of marine shells; the ear-shells. See {Abalone}.
Haliotoid \Ha"li*o*toid`\ (? or ?), a. [Haliots + -oid.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Like or pertaining to the genus {Haliotis}; ear-shaped.
Halisauria \Hal`i*sau"ri*a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr.?, ?, sea + ?.]
(Paleon.)
The Enaliosauria.
Halite \Ha"lite\ (? or ?), n. [Gr. ? salt.] (Min.)
Native salt; sodium chloride.
Halituous \Ha*lit"u*ous\ (?; 135), a. [L. halitus breath, vapor,
fr. halare to breathe: cf. F. halitueux.]
Produced by, or like, breath; vaporous. --Boyle.
Halk \Halk\, n.
A nook; a corner. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hall \Hall\, n. [OE. halle, hal, AS. heal, heall; akin to D.
hal, OS. & OHG. halla, G. halle, Icel. h["o]lt, and prob.
from a root meaning, to hide, conceal, cover. See {Hell},
{Helmet}.]
1. A building or room of considerable size and stateliness,
used for public purposes; as, Westminster Hall, in London.
2.
(a) The chief room in a castle or manor house, and in
early times the only public room, serving as the place
of gathering for the lord's family with the retainers
and servants, also for cooking and eating. It was
often contrasted with the bower, which was the private
or sleeping apartment.
Full sooty was her bower and eke her hall.
--Chaucer.
Hence, as the entrance from outside was directly into
the hall:
(b) A vestibule, entrance room, etc., in the more
elaborated buildings of later times. Hence:
(c) Any corridor or passage in a building.
3. A name given to many manor houses because the magistrate's
court was held in the hall of his mansion; a chief mansion
house. --Cowell.
4. A college in an English university (at Oxford, an
unendowed college).
5. The apartment in which English university students dine in
common; hence, the dinner itself; as, hall is at six
o'clock.
6. Cleared passageway in a crowd; -- formerly an exclamation.
[Obs.] ``A hall! a hall!'' --B. Jonson.
Syn: Entry; court; passage. See {Vestibule}.
Hallage \Hall"age\ (?; 48), n. (O. Eng. Law)
A fee or toll paid for goods sold in a hall.
Halleluiah \Hal`le*lu"iah\, Hallelujah \Hal`le*lu"jah\, n. &
interj. [Heb. See {Alleluia}.]
Praise ye Jehovah; praise ye the Lord; -- an exclamation used
chiefly in songs of praise or thanksgiving to God, and as an
expression of gratitude or adoration. --Rev. xix. 1 (Rev.
Ver. )
So sung they, and the empyrean rung With Hallelujahs.
--Milton.
In those days, as St. Jerome tells us,``any one as he
walked in the fields, might hear the plowman at his
hallelujahs.'' --Sharp.
Hallelujatic \Hal`le*lu*jat"ic\, a.
Pertaining to, or containing, hallelujahs. [R.]
Halliard \Hal"liard\, n.
See {Halyard}.
Hallidome \Hal"li*dome\, n.
Same as {Halidom}.
Hallier \Hal"li*er\ (? or ?), n. [From {Hale} to pull.]
A kind of net for catching birds.
Hall-mark \Hall"-mark`\, n.
The official stamp of the Goldsmiths' Company and other assay
offices, in the United Kingdom, on gold and silver articles,
attesting their purity. Also used figuratively; -- as, a word
or phrase lacks the hall-mark of the best writers.
Halloa \Hal*loa"\
See {Halloo}.
Halloo \Hal*loo"\, n. [Perh. fr. ah + lo; cf. AS. eal[=a], G.
halloh, F. haler to set (a dog) on. Cf. {Hollo}, interj.]
A loud exclamation; a call to invite attention or to incite a
person or an animal; a shout.
List! List! I hear Some far off halloo break the silent
air. --Milton.
Halloo \Hal*loo"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hallooed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Halloing}.]
To cry out; to exclaim with a loud voice; to call to a
person, as by the word halloo.
Country folks hallooed and hooted after me. --Sir P.
Sidney.
Halloo \Hal*loo"\, v. t.
1. To encourage with shouts.
Old John hallooes his hounds again. --Prior.
2. To chase with shouts or outcries.
If I fly . . . Halloo me like a hare. --Shak.
3. To call or shout to; to hail. --Shak.
Halloo \Hal*loo"\, interj. [OE. halow. See {Halloo}, n.]
An exclamation to call attention or to encourage one.
Hallow \Hal"low\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hallowed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hallowing}.] [OE. halowen, halwien, halgien, AS.
h[=a]lgian, fr. h[=a]lig holy. See {Holy}.]
To make holy; to set apart for holy or religious use; to
consecrate; to treat or keep as sacred; to reverence.
``Hallowed be thy name.'' --Matt. vi. 9.
Hallow the Sabbath day, to do no work therein. --Jer.
xvii. 24.
His secret altar touched with hallowed fire. --Milton.
In a larger sense . . . we can not hallow this ground
[Gettysburg]. --A. Lincoln.
Halloween \Hal`low*een"\, n.
The evening preceding Allhallows or All Saints' Day. [Scot.]
--Burns.
Hallowmas \Hal"low*mas\, n. [See {Mass} the eucharist.]
The feast of All Saints, or Allhallows.
To speak puling, like a beggar at Hallowmas. --Shak.
Halloysite \Hal*loy"site\, n. [Named after Omalius d'Halloy.]
(Min.)
A claylike mineral, occurring in soft, smooth, amorphous
masses, of a whitish color.
Hallucal \Hal"lu*cal\, a. (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the hallux.
Hallucinate \Hal*lu"ci*nate\, v. i. [L. hallucinatus,
alucinatus, p. p. of hallucinari, alucinari, to wander in
mind, talk idly, dream.]
To wander; to go astray; to err; to blunder; -- used of
mental processes. [R.] --Byron.
Hallucination \Hal*lu`ci*na"tion\, n. [L. hallucinatio: cf. F.
hallucination.]
1. The act of hallucinating; a wandering of the mind; error;
mistake; a blunder.
This must have been the hallucination of the
transcriber. --Addison.
2. (Med.) The perception of objects which have no reality, or
of sensations which have no corresponding external cause,
arising from disorder or the nervous system, as in
delirium tremens; delusion.
Hallucinations are always evidence of cerebral
derangement and are common phenomena of insanity.
--W. A.
Hammond.
Hallucinator \Hal*lu"ci*na`tor\, n. [L.]
One whose judgment and acts are affected by hallucinations;
one who errs on account of his hallucinations. --N. Brit.
Rev.
Hallucinatory \Hal*lu"ci*na*to*ry\, a.
Partaking of, or tending to produce, hallucination.
Hallux \Hal"lux\, n. [NL., fr. L. hallex, allex.] (Anat.)
The first, or preaxial, digit of the hind limb, corresponding
to the pollux in the fore limb; the great toe; the hind toe
of birds.
Halm \Halm\, n. (Bot.)
Same as {Haulm}.
Halma \Hal"ma\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to leap.] (Greek
Antiq.)
The long jump, with weights in the hands, -- the most
important of the exercises of the Pentathlon.
Halo \Ha"lo\, n.; pl. {Halos}(?). [L. halos, acc. halo, Gr. ? a
thrashing floor, also (from its round shape) the disk of the
sun or moon, and later a halo round it; cf. Gr. ? to enfold,
? to roll round, L. volvere, and E. voluble.]
1. A luminous circle, usually prismatically colored, round
the sun or moon, and supposed to be caused by the
refraction of light through crystals of ice in the
atmosphere. Connected with halos there are often white
bands, crosses, or arches, resulting from the same
atmospheric conditions.
2. A circle of light; especially, the bright ring represented
in painting as surrounding the heads of saints and other
holy persons; a glory; a nimbus.
3. An ideal glory investing, or affecting one's perception
of, an object.
4. A colored circle around a nipple; an areola.
Halo \Ha"lo\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Haloed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Haloing}.]
To form, or surround with, a halo; to encircle with, or as
with, a halo.
The fire That haloed round his saintly brow. --Sothey.
Haloed \Ha"loed\, a.
Surrounded with a halo; invested with an ideal glory;
glorified.
Some haloed face bending over me. --C.
Bront['e].
Halogen \Hal"o*gen\, n. [Gr. "a`ls, "alo`s, salt + -gen: cf. F.
halog[`e]ne.] (Chem.)
An electro-negative element or radical, which, by combination
with a metal, forms a haloid salt; especially, chlorine,
bromine, and iodine; sometimes, also, fluorine and cyanogen.
See {Chlorine family}, under {Chlorine}.
Halogenous \Ha*log"e*nous\, a.
Of the nature of a halogen.
Haloid \Ha"loid\ (? or ?), a. [Gr. "a`ls, "alo`s salt + -oid:
cf. F. halo["i]de.] (Chem.)
Resembling salt; -- said of certain binary compounds
consisting of a metal united to a negative element or
radical, and now chiefly applied to the chlorides, bromides,
iodides, and sometimes also to the fluorides and cyanides. --
n. A haloid substance.
Halomancy \Hal"o*man`cy\, n.
See {Alomancy}.
Halometer \Ha*lom"e*ter\, n. [Gr. "a`ls, "alo`s, salt + -meter.]
An instrument for measuring the forms and angles of salts and
crystals; a goniometer.
Halones \Ha*lo"nes\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?, a halo.] (Biol.)
Alternating transparent and opaque white rings which are seen
outside the blastoderm, on the surface of the developing egg
of the hen and other birds.
Halophyte \Hal"o*phyte\, n. [Gr. "a`ls, "alo`s, salt + ? a
plant.] (Bot.)
A plant found growing in salt marshes, or in the sea.
Haloscope \Ha"lo*scope\, n. [Halo + -scope.]
An instrument for exhibition or illustration of the phenomena
of halos, parhelia, and the like.
Halotrichite \Hal*o*tri"chite\, n. [Gr. "a`ls sea + fri`x,
tricho`s, hair.] (Min.)
An iron alum occurring in silky fibrous aggregates of a
yellowish white color.
Haloxyline \Ha*lox"y*line\, n. [Gr. "a`ls, "alo`s, salt + xy`lon
wood.]
An explosive mixture, consisting of sawdust, charcoal, niter,
and ferrocyanide of potassium, used as a substitute for
gunpowder.
Halp \Halp\, imp. of {Help}.
Helped. [Obs.]
Halpace \Hal"pace\, n. (Arch.)
See {Haut pas}.
Hals \Hals\, n. [AS. heals; akin to D., G., & Goth. hals. See
{Collar}.]
The neck or throat. [Obs.]
Do me hangen by the hals. --Chaucer.
Halse \Halse\, v. t. [AS. healsian.]
1. To embrace about the neck; to salute; to greet. [Obs.]
Each other kissed glad And lovely halst. --Spenser.
2. To adjure; to beseech; to entreat. [Obs.]
O dere child, I halse thee, In virtue of the Holy
Trinity. --Chaucer.
Halse \Halse\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Halsed} (h?lst); p. pr. &
vb. n. {Halsing}.] [Cf. {Hawser}.]
To haul; to hoist. [Obs.]
Halsening \Hal"sen*ing\, a.
Sounding harshly in the throat; inharmonious; rough. [Obs.]
--Carew.
Halser \Hals"er\, n.
See {Hawser}. --Pope.
Halt \Halt\,
3d pers. sing. pres. of {Hold}, contraction for holdeth.
[Obs.] --Chaucer.
Halt \Halt\, n. [Formerly alt, It. alto, G. halt, fr. halten to
hold. See {Hold}.]
A stop in marching or walking, or in any action; arrest of
progress.
Without any halt they marched. --Clarendon.
[Lovers] soon in passion's war contest, Yet in their
march soon make a halt. --Davenant.
Halt \Halt\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Halted}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Halting}.]
1. To hold one's self from proceeding; to hold up; to cease
progress; to stop for a longer or shorter period; to come
to a stop; to stand still.
2. To stand in doubt whether to proceed, or what to do; to
hesitate; to be uncertain.
How long halt ye between two opinions? --1 Kings
xviii. 21
Halt \Halt\, v. t. (Mil.)
To cause to cease marching; to stop; as, the general halted
his troops for refreshment.
Halt \Halt\, a. [AS. healt; akin to OS., Dan., & Sw. halt, Icel.
haltr, halltr, Goth. halts, OHG. halz.]
Halting or stopping in walking; lame.
Bring in hither the poor, and the maimed, and the halt,
and the blind. --Luke xiv.
21.
Halt \Halt\, n.
The act of limping; lameness.
Halt \Halt\, v. i. [OE. halten, AS. healtian. See {Halt}, a.]
1. To walk lamely; to limp.
2. To have an irregular rhythm; to be defective.
The blank verse shall halt for it. --Shak.
Halter \Halt"er\, n.
One who halts or limps; a cripple.
Halter \Hal"ter\, n. [OE. halter, helter, helfter, AS.
h[ae]lftre; akin to G. halfter, D. halfter, halster, and also
to E. helve. See {Helve}.]
A strong strap or cord. Especially:
(a) A rope or strap, with or without a headstall, for leading
or tying a horse.
(b) A rope for hanging malefactors; a noose. --Shak.
No man e'er felt the halter draw With good opinion
of the law. --Trumbull.
Halter \Hal"ter\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Haltered}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Haltering}.]
To tie by the neck with a rope, strap, or halter; to put a
halter on; to subject to a hangman's halter. ``A haltered
neck.'' --Shak.
Halteres \Hal*te"res\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? weights used in
jumping, fr. ? to leap.] (Zo["o]l.)
Balancers; the rudimentary hind wings of Diptera.
Halter-sack \Hal"ter-sack`\, n.
A term of reproach, implying that one is fit to be hanged.
[Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
Haltingly \Halt"ing*ly\, adv.
In a halting or limping manner.
Halvans \Hal"vans\, n. pl. (Mining)
Impure ore; dirty ore.
Halve \Hal"ve\, n.
A half. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Halve \Halve\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Halved}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Halving}.] [From {Half}.]
1. To divide into two equal parts; as, to halve an apple; to
be or form half of.
So far apart their lives are thrown From the twin
soul that halves their own. --M. Arnold.
2. (Arch.) To join, as two pieces of timber, by cutting away
each for half its thickness at the joining place, and
fitting together.
Halved \Halved\, a.
Appearing as if one side, or one half, were cut away;
dimidiate.
Halves \Halves\, n.,
pl. of {Half}.
{By halves}, by one half at once; halfway; fragmentarily;
partially; incompletely.
I can not believe by halves; either I have faith, or
I have it not. --J. H.
Newman.
{To go halves}. See under {Go}.
Halwe \Hal"we\, n. [OE., fr. AS. h[=a]lga. See {Holy}.]
A saint. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hal'yard \Hal'yard\, n. [Hale, v. t. + yard.] (Naut.)
A rope or tackle for hoisting or lowering yards, sails,
flags, etc. [Written also {halliard}, {haulyard}.]
Halysites \Hal`y*si"tes\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a chain.] (Paleon.)
A genus of Silurian fossil corals; the chain corals. See
{Chain coral}, under {Chain}.
Ham \Ham\, n.
Home. [North of Eng.] --Chaucer.
Ham \Ham\, n. [AS. ham; akin to D. ham, dial. G. hamme, OHG.
hamma. Perh. named from the bend at the ham, and akin to E.
chamber. Cf. {Gammon} ham.]
1. (Anat.) The region back of the knee joint; the popliteal
space; the hock.
2. The thigh of any animal; especially, the thigh of a hog
cured by salting and smoking.
A plentiful lack of wit, together with most weak
ham. --Shak.
Hamadryad \Ham"a*dry`ad\, n.; pl. E. {Hamadryads}, L.
{Hamadryades}. [L. Hamadryas, -adis, Gr. ?; ? together + ?
oak, tree: cf. F. hamadryade. See {Same}, and {Tree}.]
1. (Class. Myth.) A tree nymph whose life ended with that of
the particular tree, usually an oak, which had been her
abode.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A large venomous East Indian snake
({Orhiophagus bungarus}), allied to the cobras.
Hamadryas \Ha*ma"dry*as\, n. [L., a hamadryad. See {Hamadryad}.]
(Zo["o]l.)
The sacred baboon of Egypt ({Cynocephalus Hamadryas}).
Hamamelis \Ham`a*me"lis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a kind of medlar or
service tree; ? at the same time + ? an apple, any tree
fruit.] (Bot.)
A genus of plants which includes the witch-hazel ({Hamamelis
Virginica}), a preparation of which is used medicinally.
Hamate \Ha"mate\, a. [L. hamatus, fr. hamus hook.]
Hooked; bent at the end into a hook; hamous.
Hamated \Ha"ma*ted\, a.
Hooked, or set with hooks; hamate. --Swift.
Hamatum \Ha*ma"tum\, n. [NL., fr. L. hamatus hooked.] (Anat.)
See {Unciform}.
Hamble \Ham"ble\, v. t. [OE. hamelen to mutilate, AS. hamelian;
akin to OHG. hamal[=o]n to mutilate, hamal mutilated, ham
mutilated, Icel. hamla to mutilate. Cf. {Hamper} to fetter.]
To hamstring. [Obs.]
Hamburg \Ham"burg\, n.
A commercial city of Germany, near the mouth of the Elbe.
{Black Hamburg grape}. See under {Black}.
{Hamburg edging}, a kind of embroidered work done by
machinery on cambric or muslin; -- used for trimming.
{Hamburg lake}, a purplish crimson pigment resembling
cochineal.
Hame \Hame\, n.
Home. [Scot. & O. Eng.]
Hame \Hame\, n. [Scot. haims, hammys, hems, OE. ham; cf. D.
haam.]
One of the two curved pieces of wood or metal, in the harness
of a draught horse, to which the traces are fastened. They
are fitted upon the collar, or have pads fitting the horse's
neck attached to them.
Hamel \Ham"el\, v. t. [Obs.]
Same as {Hamele}.
Hamesecken \Hame"seck`en\, Hamesucken \Hame"suck`en\, n. [AS.
h[=a]ms?cn. See {Home}, and {Seek}.] (Scots Law)
The felonious seeking and invasion of a person in his
dwelling house. --Bouvier.
Hamiform \Ha"mi*form\, n. [L. hamus hook + -form.]
Hook-shaped.
Hamilton period \Ham"il*ton pe"ri*od\ (Geol.)
A subdivision of the Devonian system of America; -- so named
from Hamilton, Madison Co., New York. It includes the
Marcellus, Hamilton, and Genesee epochs or groups. See the
Chart of {Geology}.
Haminura \Ham`i*nu"ra\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A large edible river fish ({Erythrinus macrodon}) of Guiana.
Hamite \Ha"mite\, n.[L. hamus hook.] (Paleon.)
A fossil cephalopod of the genus {Hamites}, related to the
ammonites, but having the last whorl bent into a hooklike
form.
Hamite \Ham"ite\, n.
A descendant of Ham, Noah's second son. See Gen. x. 6-20.
Haitic \Ha*it"ic\, a.
Pertaining to Ham or his descendants.
{Hamitic languages}, the group of languages spoken mainly in
the Sahara, Egypt, Galla, and Som[^a]li Land, and supposed
to be allied to the Semitic. --Keith Johnson.
Hamlet \Ham"let\, n. [OWE. hamelet, OF. hamelet, dim. of hamel,
F. hameau, LL. hamellum, a dim. of German origin; cf. G. heim
home. [root]220. See {Home}.]
A small village; a little cluster of houses in the country.
The country wasted, and the hamlets burned. --Dryden.
Syn: Village; neighborhood. See {Village}.
Hamleted \Ham"let*ed\, p. a.
Confined to a hamlet. --Feltham.
Hammer \Ham"mer\, n. [OE. hamer, AS. hamer, hamor; akin to D.
hamer, G. & Dan. hammer, Sw. hammare, Icel. hamarr, hammer,
crag, and perh. to Gr. ? anvil, Skr. a?man stone.]
1. An instrument for driving nails, beating metals, and the
like, consisting of a head, usually of steel or iron,
fixed crosswise to a handle.
With busy hammers closing rivets up. --Shak.
2. Something which in firm or action resembles the common
hammer; as:
(a) That part of a clock which strikes upon the bell to
indicate the hour.
(b) The padded mallet of a piano, which strikes the wires,
to produce the tones.
(c) (Anat.) The malleus. See under {Ear}. (Gun.) That part
of a gunlock which strikes the percussion cap, or
firing pin; the cock; formerly, however, a piece of
steel covering the pan of a flintlock musket and
struck by the flint of the cock to ignite the priming.
(e) Also, a person of thing that smites or shatters; as,
St. Augustine was the hammer of heresies.
He met the stern legionaries [of Rome] who had
been the ``massive iron hammers'' of the whole
earth. --J. H.
Newman.
{Atmospheric hammer}, a dead-stroke hammer in which the
spring is formed by confined air.
{Drop hammer}, {Face hammer}, etc. See under {Drop}, {Face},
etc.
{Hammer fish}. See {Hammerhead}.
{Hammer hardening}, the process of hardening metal by
hammering it when cold.
{Hammer shell} (Zo["o]l.), any species of {Malleus}, a genus
of marine bivalve shells, allied to the pearl oysters,
having the wings narrow and elongated, so as to give them
a hammer-shaped outline; -- called also {hammer oyster}.
{To bring to the hammer}, to put up at auction.
Hammer \Ham"mer\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hammered}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hammering}.]
1. To beat with a hammer; to beat with heavy blows; as, to
hammer iron.
2. To form or forge with a hammer; to shape by beating.
``Hammered money.'' --Dryden.
3. To form in the mind; to shape by hard intellectual labor;
-- usually with out.
Who was hammering out a penny dialogue. --Jeffry.
Hammer \Ham"mer\, v. i.
1. To be busy forming anything; to labor hard as if shaping
something with a hammer.
Whereon this month I have hammering. --Shak.
2. To strike repeated blows, literally or figuratively.
Blood and revenge are hammering in my head. --Shak.
Hammerable \Ham"mer*a*ble\, a.
Capable of being formed or shaped by a hammer. --Sherwood.
Hammer-beam \Ham"mer-beam`\ (-b[=e]m`), n. (Gothic Arch.)
A member of one description of roof truss, called hammer-beam
truss, which is so framed as not to have a tiebeam at the top
of the wall. Each principal has two hammer-beams, which
occupy the situation, and to some extent serve the purpose,
of a tiebeam.
Hammercloth \Ham"mer*cloth`\ (?; 115), n. [Prob. fr. D. hemel
heaven, canopy, tester (akin to G. himmel, and perh. also to
E. heaven) + E. cloth; or perh. a corruption of hamper
cloth.]
The cloth which covers a coach box.
Hammer-dressed \Ham"mer-dressed`\, a.
Having the surface roughly shaped or faced with the
stonecutter's hammer; -- said of building stone.
Hammerer \Ham"mer*er\, n.
One who works with a hammer.
Hammer-harden \Ham"mer-hard`en\, v. t.
To harden, as a metal, by hammering it in the cold state.
Hammerhead \Ham"mer*head`\, n.
1. (Zo["o]l.) A shark of the genus {Sphyrna} or {Zyg[ae]na},
having the eyes set on projections from the sides of the
head, which gives it a hammer shape. The {Sphyrna
zyg[ae]na} is found in the North Atlantic. Called also
{hammer fish}, and {balance fish}.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A fresh-water fish; the stone-roller.
3. (Zo["o]l.) An African fruit bat ({Hypsignathus
monstrosus}); -- so called from its large blunt nozzle.
Hammerkop \Ham"mer*kop\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A bird of the Heron family; the umber.
Hammer-less \Ham"mer-less\, a. (Firearms)
Without a visible hammer; -- said of a gun having a cock or
striker concealed from sight, and out of the way of an
accidental touch.
Hammerman \Ham"mer*man\, n.; pl. {Hammermen}.
A hammerer; a forgeman.
Hammochrysos \Ham`mo*chry"sos\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?; ?, ?, sand +
chryso`s gold.]
A stone with spangles of gold color in it.
Hammock \Ham"mock\, n. [A word of Indian origin: cf. Sp. hamaca.
Columbus, in the Narrative of his first voyage, says: ``A
great many Indians in canoes came to the ship to-day for the
purpose of bartering their cotton, and hamacas, or nets, in
which they sleep.'']
1. A swinging couch or bed, usually made of netting or canvas
about six feet wide, suspended by clews or cords at the
ends.
2. A piece of land thickly wooded, and usually covered with
bushes and vines. Used also adjectively; as, hammock land.
[Southern U. S.] --Bartlett.
{Hammock nettings} (Naut.), formerly, nets for stowing
hammocks; now, more often, wooden boxes or a trough on the
rail, used for that purpose.
Hamose \Ha*mose"\, Hamous \Ha"mous\, [L. hamus hook.] (Bot.)
Having the end hooked or curved.
Hamper \Ham"per\, n. [Contr. fr. hanaper.]
A large basket, usually with a cover, used for the packing
and carrying of articles; as, a hamper of wine; a clothes
hamper; an oyster hamper, which contains two bushels.
Hamper \Ham"per\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hampered}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hampering}.]
To put in a hamper.
Hamper \Ham"per\, v. t. [OE. hamperen, hampren, prob. of the
same origin as E. hamble.]
To put a hamper or fetter on; to shackle; to insnare; to
inveigle; hence, to impede in motion or progress; to
embarrass; to encumber. ``Hampered nerves.'' --Blackmore.
A lion hampered in a net. --L'Estrange.
They hamper and entangle our souls. --Tillotson.
Hamper \Ham"per\, n. [See {Hamper} to shackle.]
1. A shackle; a fetter; anything which impedes. --W. Browne.
2. (Naut.) Articles ordinarily indispensable, but in the way
at certain times. --Ham. Nav. Encyc.
{Top hamper} (Naut.), unnecessary spars and rigging kept
aloft.
Hamshackle \Ham"shac`kle\, v. t. [Ham + shackle.]
To fasten (an animal) by a rope binding the head to one of
the fore legs; as, to hamshackle a horse or cow; hence, to
bind or restrain; to curb.
Hamster \Ham"ster\, n. [G. hamster.] (Zo["o]l.)
A small European rodent ({Cricetus frumentarius}). It is
remarkable for having a pouch on each side of the jaw, under
the skin, and for its migrations.
Hamstring \Ham"string`\, n. (Anat.)
One of the great tendons situated in each side of the ham, or
space back of the knee, and connected with the muscles of the
back of the thigh.
Hamstring \Ham"string`\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hamstrung}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Hamstringing}. See {String}.]
To lame or disable by cutting the tendons of the ham or knee;
to hough; hence, to cripple; to incapacitate; to disable.
So have they hamstrung the valor of the subject by
seeking to effeminate us all at home. --Milton.
Hamular \Ham"u*lar\, a.
Hooked; hooklike; hamate; as, the hamular process of the
sphenoid bone.
Hamulate \Ham"u*late\, a.
Furnished with a small hook; hook-shaped. --Gray.
Hamule \Ham"ule\, n. [L. hamulus.]
A little hook.
Hamulose \Ham"u*lose"\, a. [L. hamulus, dim. of hamus a hook.]
Bearing a small hook at the end. --Gray.
Hamulus \Ham"u*lus\, n.; pl. {Hamuli}. [L., a little hook.]
1. (Anat.) A hook, or hooklike process.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A hooked barbicel of a feather.
Han \Han\, contr. inf. & plural pres. of {Haven}.
To have; have. [Obs.] --Piers Plowman.
Him thanken all, and thus they han an end. --Chaucer.
Hanap \Han"ap\, n. [F. hanap. See {Hanaper}.]
A rich goblet, esp. one used on state occasions. [Obs.]
Hanaper \Han"a*per\, n. [LL. hanaperium a large vase, fr. hanaus
vase, bowl, cup (whence F. hanap); of German origin; cf. ONG.
hnapf, G. napf, akin to AS. hn[ae]p cup, bowl. Cf. {Hamper},
{Nappy}, n.]
A kind of basket, usually of wickerwork, and adapted for the
packing and carrying of articles; a hamper.
{Hanaper office}, an office of the English court of chancery
in which writs relating to the business of the public, and
the returns to them, were anciently kept in a hanaper or
hamper. --Blackstone.
Hance \Hance\, v. t. [See {Enhance}.]
To raise; to elevate. [Obs.] --Lydgate.
Hance \Hance\, Hanch \Hanch\, [See {Hanse}.]
1. (Arch.) See {Hanse}.
2. (Naut.) A sudden fall or break, as the fall of the fife
rail down to the gangway.
Hand \Hand\, n. [AS. hand, hond; akin to D., G., & Sw. hand,
OHG. hant, Dan. haand, Icel. h["o]nd, Goth. handus, and perh.
to Goth. hinpan to seize (in comp.). Cf. {Hunt}.]
1. That part of the fore limb below the forearm or wrist in
man and monkeys, and the corresponding part in many other
animals; manus; paw. See {Manus}.
2. That which resembles, or to some extent performs the
office of, a human hand; as:
(a) A limb of certain animals, as the foot of a hawk, or
any one of the four extremities of a monkey.
(b) An index or pointer on a dial; as, the hour or minute
hand of a clock.
3. A measure equal to a hand's breadth, -- four inches; a
palm. Chiefly used in measuring the height of horses.
4. Side; part; direction, either right or left.
On this hand and that hand, were hangings. --Ex.
xxxviii. 15.
The Protestants were then on the winning hand.
--Milton.
5. Power of performance; means of execution; ability; skill;
dexterity.
He had a great mind to try his hand at a Spectator.
--Addison.
6. Actual performance; deed; act; workmanship; agency; hence,
manner of performance.
To change the hand in carrying on the war.
--Clarendon.
Gideon said unto God, If thou wilt save Israel by my
hand. --Judges vi.
36.
7. An agent; a servant, or laborer; a workman, trained or
competent for special service or duty; a performer more or
less skillful; as, a deck hand; a farm hand; an old hand
at speaking.
A dictionary containing a natural history requires
too many hands, as well as too much time, ever to be
hoped for. --Locke.
I was always reckoned a lively hand at a simile.
--Hazlitt.
8. Handwriting; style of penmanship; as, a good, bad or
running hand. Hence, a signature.
I say she never did invent this letter; This is a
man's invention and his hand. --Shak.
Some writs require a judge's hand. --Burril.
9. Personal possession; ownership; hence, control; direction;
management; -- usually in the plural. ``Receiving in hand
one year's tribute.'' --Knolles.
Albinus . . . found means to keep in his hands the
goverment of Britain. --Milton.
10. Agency in transmission from one person to another; as, to
buy at first hand, that is, from the producer, or when
new; at second hand, that is, when no longer in the
producer's hand, or when not new.
11. Rate; price. [Obs.] ``Business is bought at a dear hand,
where there is small dispatch.'' --Bacon.
12. That which is, or may be, held in a hand at once; as:
(a) (Card Playing) The quota of cards received from the
dealer.
(b) (Tobacco Manuf.) A bundle of tobacco leaves tied
together.
13. (Firearms) The small part of a gunstock near the lock,
which is grasped by the hand in taking aim.
Note: Hand is used figuratively for a large variety of acts
or things, in the doing, or making, or use of which the
hand is in some way employed or concerned; also, as a
symbol to denote various qualities or conditions, as:
(a) Activity; operation; work; -- in distinction from the
head, which implies thought, and the heart, which
implies affection. ``His hand will be against every
man.'' --Gen. xvi. 12.
(b) Power; might; supremacy; -- often in the Scriptures.
``With a mighty hand . . . will I rule over you.''
--Ezek. xx. 33.
(c) Fraternal feeling; as, to give, or take, the hand; to
give the right hand.
(d) Contract; -- commonly of marriage; as, to ask the
hand; to pledge the hand.
Note: Hand is often used adjectively or in compounds (with or
without the hyphen), signifying performed by the hand;
as, hand blow or hand-blow, hand gripe or hand-gripe:
used by, or designed for, the hand; as, hand ball or
handball, hand bow, hand fetter, hand grenade or
hand-grenade, handgun or hand gun, handloom or hand
loom, handmill or hand organ or handorgan, handsaw or
hand saw, hand-weapon: measured or regulated by the
hand; as, handbreadth or hand's breadth, hand gallop or
hand-gallop. Most of the words in the following
paragraph are written either as two words or in
combination.
{Hand bag}, a satchel; a small bag for carrying books,
papers, parcels, etc.
{Hand basket}, a small or portable basket.
{Hand bell}, a small bell rung by the hand; a table bell.
--Bacon.
{Hand bill}, a small pruning hook. See 4th {Bill}.
{Hand car}. See under {Car}.
{Hand director} (Mus.), an instrument to aid in forming a
good position of the hands and arms when playing on the
piano; a hand guide.
{Hand drop}. See {Wrist drop}.
{Hand gallop}. See under {Gallop}.
{Hand gear} (Mach.), apparatus by means of which a machine,
or parts of a machine, usually operated by other power,
may be operated by hand.
{Hand glass}.
(a) A glass or small glazed frame, for the protection of
plants.
(b) A small mirror with a handle.
{Hand guide}. Same as {Hand director} (above).
{Hand language}, the art of conversing by the hands, esp. as
practiced by the deaf and dumb; dactylology.
{Hand lathe}. See under {Lathe}.
{Hand money}, money paid in hand to bind a contract; earnest
money.
{Hand organ} (Mus.), a barrel organ, operated by a crank
turned by hand.
{Hand plant}. (Bot.) Same as {Hand tree} (below). -- {Hand
rail}, a rail, as in staircases, to hold by. --Gwilt.
{Hand sail}, a sail managed by the hand. --Sir W. Temple.
{Hand screen}, a small screen to be held in the hand.
{Hand screw}, a small jack for raising heavy timbers or
weights; (Carp.) a screw clamp.
{Hand staff} (pl. {Hand staves}), a javelin. --Ezek. xxxix.
9.
{Hand stamp}, a small stamp for dating, addressing, or
canceling papers, envelopes, etc.
{Hand tree} (Bot.), a lofty tree found in Mexico
({Cheirostemon platanoides}), having red flowers whose
stamens unite in the form of a hand.
{Hand vise}, a small vise held in the hand in doing small
work. --Moxon.
{Hand work}, or {Handwork}, work done with the hands, as
distinguished from work done by a machine; handiwork.
{All hands}, everybody; all parties.
{At all hands}, {On all hands}, on all sides; from every
direction; generally.
{At any hand}, {At no hand}, in any (or no) way or direction;
on any account; on no account. ``And therefore at no hand
consisting with the safety and interests of humility.''
--Jer. Taylor.
{At first hand}, {At second hand}. See def. 10 (above).
{At hand}.
(a) Near in time or place; either present and within
reach, or not far distant. ``Your husband is at hand;
I hear his trumpet.'' --Shak.
(b) Under the hand or bridle. [Obs.] ``Horses hot at
hand.'' --Shak.
{At the hand of}, by the act of; as a gift from. ``Shall we
receive good at the hand of God and shall we not receive
evil?'' --Job ii. 10.
{Bridle hand}. See under {Bridle}.
{By hand}, with the hands, in distinction from
instrumentality of tools, engines, or animals; as, to weed
a garden by hand; to lift, draw, or carry by hand.
{Clean hands}, freedom from guilt, esp. from the guilt of
dishonesty in money matters, or of bribe taking. ``He that
hath clean hands shall be stronger and stronger.'' --Job
xvii. 9.
{From hand to hand}, from one person to another.
{Hand in hand}.
(a) In union; conjointly; unitedly. --Swift.
(b) Just; fair; equitable.
As fair and as good, a kind of hand in hand
comparison. --Shak.
{Hand over hand}, {Hand over fist}, by passing the hands
alternately one before or above another; as, to climb hand
over hand; also, rapidly; as, to come up with a chase hand
over hand.
{Hand over head}, negligently; rashly; without seeing what
one does. [Obs.] --Bacon.
{Hand running}, consecutively; as, he won ten times hand
running.
{Hand off!} keep off! forbear! no interference or meddling!
{Hand to hand}, in close union; in close fight; as, a hand to
hand contest. --Dryden.
{Heavy hand}, severity or oppression.
{In hand}.
(a) Paid down. ``A considerable reward in hand, and . . .
a far greater reward hereafter.'' --Tillotson.
(b) In preparation; taking place. --Chaucer. ``Revels . .
. in hand.'' --Shak.
(c) Under consideration, or in the course of transaction;
as, he has the business in hand.
{In one's hand} or {hands}.
(a) In one's possession or keeping.
(b) At one's risk, or peril; as, I took my life in my
hand.
{Laying on of hands}, a form used in consecrating to office,
in the rite of confirmation, and in blessing persons.
{Light hand}, gentleness; moderation.
{Note of hand}, a promissory note.
{Off hand}, {Out of hand}, forthwith; without delay,
hesitation, or difficulty; promptly. ``She causeth them to
be hanged up out of hand.'' --Spenser.
{Off one's hands}, out of one's possession or care.
{On hand}, in present possession; as, he has a supply of
goods on hand.
{On one's hands}, in one's possession care, or management.
{Putting the hand under the thigh}, an ancient Jewish
ceremony used in swearing.
{Right hand}, the place of honor, power, and strength.
{Slack hand}, idleness; carelessness; inefficiency; sloth.
{Strict hand}, severe discipline; rigorous government.
{To bear a hand}
(Naut), to give help quickly; to hasten.
{To bear in hand}, to keep in expectation with false
pretenses. [Obs.] --Shak.
{To be} {hand and glove, or in glove} {with}. See under
{Glove}.
{To be on the mending hand}, to be convalescent or improving.
{To bring up by hand}, to feed (an infant) without suckling
it.
{To change hand}. See {Change}.
{To change hands}, to change sides, or change owners.
--Hudibras.
{To clap the hands}, to express joy or applause, as by
striking the palms of the hands together.
{To come to hand}, to be received; to be taken into
possession; as, the letter came to hand yesterday.
{To get hand}, to gain influence. [Obs.]
Appetites have . . . got such a hand over them.
--Baxter.
{To got one's hand in}, to make a beginning in a certain
work; to become accustomed to a particular business.
{To have a hand in}, to be concerned in; to have a part or
concern in doing; to have an agency or be employed in.
{To have in hand}.
(a) To have in one's power or control. --Chaucer.
(b) To be engaged upon or occupied with.
{To have one's hands full}, to have in hand al that one can
do, or more than can be done conveniently; to be pressed
with labor or engagements; to be surrounded with
difficulties.
{To} {have, or get}, {the (higher) upper hand}, to have, or
get, the better of another person or thing.
{To his hand}, {To my hand}, etc., in readiness; already
prepared. ``The work is made to his hands.'' --Locke.
{To hold hand}, to compete successfully or on even
conditions. [Obs.] --Shak.
{To lay hands on}, to seize; to assault.
{To lend a hand}, to give assistance.
{To} {lift, or put forth}, {the hand against}, to attack; to
oppose; to kill.
{To live from hand to mouth}, to obtain food and other
necessaries as want compels, without previous provision.
{To make one's hand}, to gain advantage or profit.
{To put the hand unto}, to steal. --Ex. xxii. 8.
{To put the}
{last, or finishing},
{hand to}, to make the last corrections in; to complete; to
perfect.
{To set the hand to}, to engage in; to undertake.
That the Lord thy God may bless thee in all that
thou settest thine hand to. --Deut. xxiii.
20.
{To stand one in hand}, to concern or affect one.
{To strike hands}, to make a contract, or to become surety
for another's debt or good behavior.
{To take in hand}.
(a) To attempt or undertake.
(b) To seize and deal with; as, he took him in hand.
{To wash the hands of}, to disclaim or renounce interest in,
or responsibility for, a person or action; as, to wash
one's hands of a business. --Matt. xxvii. 24.
{Under the hand of}, authenticated by the handwriting or
signature of; as, the deed is executed under the hand and
seal of the owner.
Hand \Hand\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Handed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Handing}.]
1. To give, pass, or transmit with the hand; as, he handed
them the letter.
2. To lead, guide, or assist with the hand; to conduct; as,
to hand a lady into a carriage.
3. To manage; as, I hand my oar. [Obs.] --Prior.
4. To seize; to lay hands on. [Obs.] --Shak.
5. To pledge by the hand; to handfast. [R.]
6. (Naut.) To furl; -- said of a sail. --Totten.
{To hand down}, to transmit in succession, as from father to
son, or from predecessor to successor; as, fables are
handed down from age to age; to forward to the proper
officer (the decision of a higher court); as, the Clerk of
the Court of Appeals handed down its decision.
{To hand over}, to yield control of; to surrender; to deliver
up.
Hand \Hand\, v. i.
To co["o]perate. [Obs.] --Massinger.
Handbarrow \Hand"bar"row\, n.
A frame or barrow, without a wheel, carried by hand.
Handbill \Hand"bill`\, n.
1. A loose, printed sheet, to be distributed by hand.
2. A pruning hook. [Usually written {hand bill}.]
Handbook \Hand"book`\, n. [Hand + book; cf. AS. handb[=o]c, or
G. handbuch.]
A book of reference, to be carried in the hand; a manual; a
guidebook.
Handbreadth \Hand"breadth`\, n.
A space equal to the breadth of the hand; a palm. --Ex.
xxxvii. 12.
Handcart \Hand"cart`\, n.
A cart drawn or pushed by hand.
Handcloth \Hand"cloth`\ (?; 115), n.
A handkerchief.
Handcraft \Hand"craft`\, n.
Same as {Handicraft}.
Handcraftsman \Hand"crafts`man\, n.; pl. {-men}.
A handicraftsman.
Handcuff \Hand"cuff`\, n. [AS. handcops; hand hand + cosp, cops,
fetter. The second part was confused with E. cuffs,]
A fastening, consisting of an iron ring around the wrist,
usually connected by a chain with one on the other wrist; a
manacle; -- usually in the plural.
Handcuff \Hand"cuff`\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Handcuffed}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Handcuffing}.]
To apply handcuffs to; to manacle. --Hay (1754).
Handed \Hand"ed\, a.
1. With hands joined; hand in hand.
Into their inmost bower, Handed they went. --Milton.
2. Having a peculiar or characteristic hand.
As poisonous tongued as handed. --Shak.
Note: Handed is used in composition in the sense of having
(such or so many) hands; as, bloody-handed;
free-handed; heavy-handed; left-handed; single-handed.
Hander \Hand"er\, n.
One who hands over or transmits; a conveyer in succession.
--Dryden.
Handfast \Hand"fast`\, n.
1. Hold; grasp; custody; power of confining or keeping.
[Obs.] --Shak.
2. Contract; specifically, espousal. [Obs.]
Handfast \Hand"fast`\, a.
Fast by contract; betrothed by joining hands. [Obs.] --Bale.
Handfast \Hand"fast`\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Handfasted}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Handfasting}.]
To pledge; to bind; to betroth by joining hands, in order to
cohabitation, before the celebration of marriage. [Obs.]
Handfast \Hand"fast`\, n. [G. handfest; hand hand + fest strong.
See {Fast}.]
Strong; steadfast.[R.] --Carlyle.
Handfastly \Hand"fast`ly\, adv.
In a handfast or publicly pledged manner. [Obs.] --Holinshed.
Handfish \Hand"fish`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The frogfish.
Handful \Hand"ful\, n.; pl. {Hand flus}. [AS. handfull.]
1. As much as the hand will grasp or contain. --Addison.
2. A hand's breadth; four inches. [Obs.]
Knap the tongs together about a handful from the
bottom. --Bacon.
3. A small quantity.
This handful of men were tied to very hard duty.
--Fuller.
{To have one's handful}, to have one's hands full; to have
all one can do. [Obs.]
They had their handful to defend themselves from
firing. --Sir. W.
Raleigh.
Hand-hole \Hand"-hole\, n. (Steam Boilers)
A small hole in a boiler for the insertion of the hand in
cleaning, etc.
{Hand-hole plate}, the cover of a hand-hole.
Handicap \Hand"i*cap\, n. [From hand in cap; -- perh. in
reference to an old mode of setting a bargain by taking
pieces of money from a cap.]
1. An allowance of a certain amount of time or distance in
starting, granted in a race to the competitor possessing
inferior advantages; or an additional weight or other
hindrance imposed upon the one possessing superior
advantages, in order to equalize, as much as possible, the
chances of success; as, the handicap was five seconds, or
ten pounds, and the like.
2. A race, for horses or men, or any contest of agility,
strength, or skill, in which there is an allowance of
time, distance, weight, or other advantage, to equalize
the chances of the competitors.
3. An old game at cards. [Obs.] --Pepys.
Handicap \Hand"i*cap\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Handicapped}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Handicapping}.]
To encumber with a handicap in any contest; hence, in
general, to place at disadvantage; as, the candidate was
heavily handicapped.
Handicapper \Hand"i*cap`per\, n.
One who determines the conditions of a handicap.
Handicraft \Hand"i*craft\, n. [For handcraft, influenced by
handiwork; AS. handcr[ae]ft.]
1. A trade requiring skill of hand; manual occupation;
handcraft. --Addison.
2. A man who earns his living by handicraft; a
handicraftsman. [R.] --Dryden.
Handi-craftsman \Hand"i-crafts`man\, n.; pl. {-men}.
A man skilled or employed in handcraft. --Bacon.
Handily \Hand"i*ly\, adv. [See {Handy}.]
In a handy manner; skillfully; conveniently.
Handiness \Hand"i*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being handy.
Handiron \Hand"i`ron\, n.
See {Andrion}. [Obs.]
Handiwork \Hand"i*work`\, n. [OE. handiwerc, AS. handgeweorc;
hand hand + geweorc work; prefix ge- + weorc. See {Work}.]
Work done by the hands; hence, any work done personally.
The firmament showeth his handiwork. --Ps. xix. 1.
Handkercher \Hand"ker*cher\, n.
A handkerchief. [Obs. or Colloq.] --Chapman (1654). Shak.
Handkerchief \Hand"ker*chief\ (h[a^]n"k[~e]r*ch[i^]f; 277), n.
[Hand + kerchief.]
1. A piece of cloth, usually square and often fine and
elegant, carried for wiping the face or hands.
2. A piece of cloth shaped like a handkerchief to be worn
about the neck; a neckerchief; a neckcloth.
Handle \Han"dle\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Handled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Handling} .] [OE. handlen, AS. handian; akin to D. handelen
to trade, G. handeln. See {Hand}.]
1. To touch; to feel with the hand; to use or hold with the
hand.
Handle me, and see; for a spirit hath not flesh.
--Luke xxiv.
39.
About his altar, handling holy things. --Milton.
2. To manage in using, as a spade or a musket; to wield;
often, to manage skillfully.
That fellow handles his bow like a crowkeeper.
--Shak.
3. To accustom to the hand; to work upon, or take care of,
with the hands.
The hardness of the winters forces the breeders to
house and handle their colts six months every year.
--Sir W.
Temple.
4. To receive and transfer; to have pass through one's hands;
hence, to buy and sell; as, a merchant handles a variety
of goods, or a large stock.
5. To deal with; to make a business of.
They that handle the law knew me not. --Jer. ii. 8.
6. To treat; to use, well or ill.
How wert thou handled being prisoner. --Shak.
7. To manage; to control; to practice skill upon.
You shall see how I will handle her. --Shak.
8. To use or manage in writing or speaking; to treat, as a
theme, an argument, or an objection.
We will handle what persons are apt to envy others.
--Bacon.
{To handle without gloves}. See under {Glove}. [Colloq.]
Handle \Han"dle\, v. i.
To use the hands.
They have hands, but they handle not. --Ps. cxv. 7.
Handle \Han"dle\, n. [AS. handle. See {Hand}.]
1. That part of vessels, instruments, etc., which is held in
the hand when used or moved, as the haft of a sword, the
knob of a door, the bail of a kettle, etc.
2. That of which use is made; the instrument for effecting a
purpose; a tool. --South.
{To give a handle}, to furnish an occasion or means.
Handleable \Han"dle*a*ble\, a.
Capable of being handled.
Handless \Hand"less\, a.
Without a hand. --Shak.
Handling \Han"dling\, n. [AS. handlung.]
1. A touching, controlling, managing, using, etc., with the
hand or hands, or as with the hands. See {Handle}, v. t.
The heavens and your fair handling Have made you
master of the field this day. --Spenser.
2. (Drawing, Painting, etc.) The mode of using the pencil or
brush, etc.; style of touch. --Fairholt.
Handmade \Hand"made"\, a.
Manufactured by hand; as, handmade shoes.
Handmaid \Hand"maid"\, Handmaiden \Hand"maiden\, n.
A maid that waits at hand; a female servant or attendant.
Handsaw \Hand"saw`\n.
A saw used with one hand.
Handsel \Hand"sel\, n. [Written also {hansel}.] [OE. handsal,
hansal, hansel, AS. hands?lena giving into hands, or more
prob. fr. Icel. handsal; hand hand + sal sale, bargain; akin
to AS. sellan to give, deliver. See {Sell}, {Sale}. ]
1. A sale, gift, or delivery into the hand of another;
especially, a sale, gift, delivery, or using which is the
first of a series, and regarded as on omen for the rest; a
first installment; an earnest; as the first money received
for the sale of goods in the morning, the first money
taken at a shop newly opened, the first present sent to a
young woman on her wedding day, etc.
Their first good handsel of breath in this world.
--Fuller.
Our present tears here, not our present laughter,
Are but the handsels of our joys hereafter.
--Herrick.
2. Price; payment. [Obs.] --Spenser.
{Handsel Monday}, the first Monday of the new year, when
handsels or presents are given to servants, children, etc.
Handsel \Hand"sel\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Handseled} or
{Handseled}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Handseling} or {Handselling}.]
[Written also hansel.] [OE handsellen, hansellen; cf. Icel.
hadsala, handselja. See {Handsel}, n.]
1. To give a handsel to.
2. To use or do for the first time, esp. so as to make
fortunate or unfortunate; to try experimentally.
No contrivance of our body, but some good man in
Scripture hath handseled it with prayer. --Fuller.
Handsome \Hand"some\ (?; 277), a. [Compar. {Handsomer}; superl.
{Handsomest}.] [Hand + -some. It at first meant, dexterous;
cf. D. handzaam dexterous, ready, limber, manageable, and E.
handy.]
1. Dexterous; skillful; handy; ready; convenient; -- applied
to things as persons. [Obs.]
That they [engines of war] be both easy to be
carried and handsome to be moved and turned about.
--Robynson
(Utopia).
For a thief it is so handsome as it may seem it was
first invented for him. --Spenser.
2. Agreeable to the eye or to correct taste; having a
pleasing appearance or expression; attractive; having
symmetry and dignity; comely; -- expressing more than
pretty, and less than beautiful; as, a handsome man or
woman; a handsome garment, house, tree, horse.
3. Suitable or fit in action; marked with propriety and ease;
graceful; becoming; appropriate; as, a handsome style,
etc.
Easiness and handsome address in writing. --Felton.
4. Evincing a becoming generosity or nobleness of character;
liberal; generous.
Handsome is as handsome does. --Old Proverb.
5. Ample; moderately large.
He . . . accumulated a handsome sum of money. --V.
Knox.
{To do the handsome thing}, to act liberally. [Colloq.]
Syn: {Handsome}, {Pretty}.
Usage: Pretty applies to things comparatively small, which
please by their delicacy and grace; as, a pretty girl,
a pretty flower, a pretty cottage. Handsome rises
higher, and is applied to objects on a larger scale.
We admire what is handsome, we are pleased with what
is pretty. The word is connected with hand, and has
thus acquired the idea of training, cultivation,
symmetry, and proportion, which enters so largely into
our conception of handsome. Thus Drayton makes mention
of handsome players, meaning those, who are well
trained; and hence we speak of a man's having a
handsome address, which is the result of culture; of a
handsome horse or dog, which implies well proportioned
limbs; of a handsome face, to which, among other
qualities, the idea of proportion and a graceful
contour are essential; of a handsome tree, and a
handsome house or villa. So, from this idea of
proportion or suitableness, we have, with a different
application, the expressions, a handsome fortune, a
handsome offer.
Hadsome \Had"some\, v. t.
To render handsome. [Obs.] --Donne
Handsomely \Hand"some*ly\, adv.
1. In a handsome manner.
2. (Naut.) Carefully; in shipshape style.
Handsomeness \Hand"some*ness\, n.
The quality of being handsome.
Handsomeness is the mere animal excellence, beauty the
mere imaginative. --Hare.
Handspike \Hand"spike`\, n.
A bar or lever, generally of wood, used in a windlass or
capstan, for heaving anchor, and, in modified forms, for
various purposes.
Handspring \Hand"spring`\, n.
A somersault made with the assistance of the hands placed
upon the ground.
Hand-tight \Hand"-tight`\, a. (Naut.)
As tight as can be made by the hand. --Totten.
Handwheel \Hand"wheel`\, n. (Mach.)
Any wheel worked by hand; esp., one the rim of which serves
as the handle by which a valve, car brake, or other part is
adjusted.
Hand-winged \Hand"-winged`\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Having wings that are like hands in the structure and
arrangement of their bones; -- said of bats. See
{Cheiroptera}.
Handwriting \Hand"writ`ing\, n.
1. The cast or form of writing peculiar to each hand or
person; chirography.
2. That which is written by hand; manuscript.
{The handwriting on the wall}, a doom pronounced; an omen of
disaster. --Dan. v. 5.
Handy \Hand"y\, a. [Compar. {Handier}; superl. {Handiest}.] [OE.
hendi, AS. hendig (in comp.), fr. hand hand; akin to D.
handig, Goth. handugs clever, wise.]
1. Performed by the hand. [Obs.]
To draw up and come to handy strokes. --Milton.
2. Skillful in using the hand; dexterous; ready; adroit.
``Each is handy in his way.'' --Dryden.
3. Ready to the hand; near; also, suited to the use of the
hand; convenient; valuable for reference or use; as, my
tools are handy; a handy volume.
4. (Naut.) Easily managed; obedient to the helm; -- said of a
vessel.
Handyy-dandy \Handy"y-dan`dy\, n.
A child's play, one child guessing in which closed hand the
other holds some small object, winning the object if right
and forfeiting an equivalent if wrong; hence, forfeit.
--Piers Plowman.
Handyfight \Hand"y*fight`\, n.
A fight with the hands; boxing. ``Pollux loves handyfights.''
--B. Jonson.
Handygripe \Hand"y*gripe`\, n.
Seizure by, or grasp of, the hand; also, close quarters in
fighting. --Hudibras.
Handystroke \Hand"y*stroke`\, n.
A blow with the hand.
Hand-work \Hand"-work`\, n.
See {Handiwork}.
Hang \Hang\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hanged} (h?ngd) or {Hung}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Hanging}.
Usage: The use of hanged is preferable to that of hung, when
reference is had to death or execution by suspension,
and it is also more common.] [OE. hangen, hangien, v.
t. & i., AS. hangian, v. i., fr. h?n, v. t. (imp.
heng, p. p. hongen); akin to OS. hang?n, v. i. D.
hangen, v. t. & i., G. hangen, v. i, h["a]ngen, v. t,
Isel hanga, v. i., Goth. h[=a]han, v. t. (imp.
ha['i]hah), h[=a]han, v. i. (imp. hahaida), and perh.
to L. cunctari to delay. [root]37. ]
1. To suspend; to fasten to some elevated point without
support from below; -- often used with up or out; as, to
hang a coat on a hook; to hang up a sign; to hang out a
banner.
2. To fasten in a manner which will allow of free motion upon
the point or points of suspension; -- said of a pendulum,
a swing, a door, gate, etc.
3. To fit properly, as at a proper angle (a part of an
implement that is swung in using), as a scythe to its
snath, or an ax to its helve. [U. S.]
4. To put to death by suspending by the neck; -- a form of
capital punishment; as, to hang a murderer.
5. To cover, decorate, or furnish by hanging pictures
trophies, drapery, and the like, or by covering with paper
hangings; -- said of a wall, a room, etc.
Hung be the heavens with black. --Shak.
And hung thy holy roofs with savage spoils.
--Dryden.
6. To paste, as paper hangings, on the walls of a room.
7. To hold or bear in a suspended or inclined manner or
position instead of erect; to droop; as, he hung his head
in shame.
Cowslips wan that hang the pensive head. --Milton.
{To hang down}, to let fall below the proper position; to
bend down; to decline; as, to hang down the head, or,
elliptically, to hang the head.
{To hang fire} (Mil.), to be slow in communicating fire
through the vent to the charge; as, the gun hangs fire;
hence, to hesitate, to hold back as if in suspense.
Hang \Hang\, v. i.
1. To be suspended or fastened to some elevated point without
support from below; to dangle; to float; to rest; to
remain; to stay.
2. To be fastened in such a manner as to allow of free motion
on the point or points of suspension.
3. To die or be put to death by suspension from the neck.
[R.] ``Sir Balaam hangs.'' --Pope.
4. To hold for support; to depend; to cling; -- usually with
on or upon; as, this question hangs on a single point.
``Two infants hanging on her neck.'' --Peacham.
5. To be, or be like, a suspended weight.
Life hangs upon me, and becomes a burden. --Addison.
6. To hover; to impend; to appear threateningly; -- usually
with over; as, evils hang over the country.
7. To lean or incline; to incline downward.
To decide which way hung the victory. --Milton.
His neck obliquely o'er his shoulder hung. --Pope.
8. To slope down; as, hanging grounds.
9. To be undetermined or uncertain; to be in suspense; to
linger; to be delayed.
A noble stroke he lifted high, Which hung not, but
so swift with tempest fell On the proud crest of
Satan. --Milton.
{To hang around}, to loiter idly about.
{To hang back}, to hesitate; to falter; to be reluctant. ``If
any one among you hangs back.'' --Jowett (Thucyd.).
{To hang by the eyelids}.
(a) To hang by a very slight hold or tenure.
(b) To be in an unfinished condition; to be left
incomplete.
{To hang in doubt}, to be in suspense.
{To hang on} (with the emphasis on the preposition), to keep
hold; to hold fast; to stick; to be persistent, as a
disease.
{To hang on the} {lips, words}, etc., to be charmed by
eloquence.
{To hang out}.
(a) To be hung out so as to be displayed; to project.
(b) To be unyielding; as, the juryman hangs out against an
agreement. [Colloq.]
{To hang over}.
(a) To project at the top.
(b) To impend over.
{To hang to}, to cling.
{To hang together}.
(a) To remain united; to stand by one another. ``We are
all of a piece; we hang together.'' --Dryden.
(b) To be self-consistent; as, the story does not hang
together. [Colloq.]
{To hang upon}.
(a) To regard with passionate affection.
(b) (Mil.) To hover around; as, to hang upon the flanks of
a retreating enemy.
Hang \Hang\, n.
1. The manner in which one part or thing hangs upon, or is
connected with, another; as, the hang of a scythe.
2. Connection; arrangement; plan; as, the hang of a
discourse. [Colloq.]
3. A sharp or steep declivity or slope. [Colloq.]
{To get the hang of}, to learn the method or arrangement of;
hence, to become accustomed to. [Colloq.]
Hangbird \Hang"bird`\, n. (Zo["o]l)
The Baltimore oriole ({Icterus galbula}); -- so called
because its nest is suspended from the limb of a tree. See
{Baltimore oriole}.
Hang-by \Hang"-by`\, n.; pl. {Hang-bies}.
A dependent; a hanger-on; -- so called in contempt. --B.
Jonson.
Hangdog \Hang"dog`\, n.
A base, degraded person; a sneak; a gallows bird.
Hangdog \Hang"dog`\, a.
Low; sneaking; ashamed.
The poor colonel went out of the room with a hangdog
look. --Thackeray.
Hanger \Hang"er\, n.
1. One who hangs, or causes to be hanged; a hangman.
2. That by which a thing is suspended. Especially:
(a) A strap hung to the girdle, by which a dagger or sword
is suspended.
(b) (Mach.) A part that suspends a journal box in which
shafting runs. See Illust. of {Countershaft}.
(c) A bridle iron.
3. That which hangs or is suspended, as a sword worn at the
side; especially, in the 18th century, a short, curved
sword.
4. A steep, wooded declivity. [Eng.] --Gilbert White.
Hanger-on \Hang"er-on`\, n.; pl. {Hangers-on}.
One who hangs on, or sticks to, a person, place, or service;
a dependent; one who adheres to others' society longer than
he is wanted. --Goldsmith.
Hanging \Hang"ing\, a.
1. Requiring, deserving, or foreboding death by the halter.
``What a hanging face!'' --Dryden.
2. Suspended from above; pendent; as, hanging shelves.
3. Adapted for sustaining a hanging object; as, the hanging
post of a gate, the post which holds the hinges.
{Hanging compass}, a compass suspended so that the card may
be read from beneath.
{Hanging garden}, a garden sustained at an artificial
elevation by any means, as by the terraces at Babylon.
{Hanging indentation}. See under {Indentation}.
{Hanging rail} (Arch.), that rail of a door or casement to
which hinges are attached.
{Hanging side} (Mining), the overhanging side of an inclined
or hading vein.
{Hanging sleeves}.
(a) Strips of the same stuff as the gown, hanging down the
back from the shoulders.
(b) Loose, flowing sleeves.
{Hanging stile}. (Arch.)
(a) That stile of a door to which hinges are secured.
(b) That upright of a window frame to which casements are
hinged, or in which the pulleys for sash windows are
fastened.
{Hanging wall} (Mining), the upper wall of inclined vein, or
that which hangs over the miner's head when working in the
vein.
Hanging \Hang"ing\, n.
1. The act of suspending anything; the state of being
suspended.
2. Death by suspension; execution by a halter.
3. That which is hung as lining or drapery for the walls of a
room, as tapestry, paper, etc., or to cover or drape a
door or window; -- used chiefly in the plural.
Nor purple hangings clothe the palace walls.
--Dryden.
Hangman \Hang"man\, n.; pl. {Hangmen}(?).
One who hangs another; esp., one who makes a business of
hanging; a public executioner; -- sometimes used as a term of
reproach, without reference to office. --Shak.
Hangmanship \Hang"man*ship\, n.
The office or character of a hangman.
Hangnail \Hang"nail`\, n. [A corruption of agnail.]
A small piece or silver of skin which hangs loose, near the
root of finger nail. --Holloway.
Hangnest \Hang"nest`\, n.
1. A nest that hangs like a bag or pocket.
2. A bird which builds such a nest; a hangbird.
Hank \Hank\, n. [Cf. Dan. hank handle, Sw. hank a band or tie,
Icel. hanki hasp, clasp, h["o]nk, hangr, hank, coil, skein,
G. henkel, henk, handle; ar prob. akin to E. hang. See
{Hang}.]
1. A parcel consisting of two or more skeins of yarn or
thread tied together.
2. A rope or withe for fastening a gate. [Prov. Eng.]
3. Hold; influence.
When the devil hath got such a hank over him. --Bp.
Sanderson.
4. (Naut.) A ring or eye of rope, wood, or iron, attached to
the edge of a sail and running on a stay.
Hank \Hank\, v. t.
1. [OE. hanken.] To fasten with a rope, as a gate. [Prov.
Eng.] --Wright.
2. To form into hanks.
Hanker \Han"ker\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hankered}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hankering}.] [Prob. fr. hang; cf. D. hunkeren, hengelen.]
1. To long (for) with a keen appetite and uneasiness; to have
a vehement desire; -- usually with for or after; as, to
hanker after fruit; to hanker after the diversions of the
town. --Addison.
He was hankering to join his friend. --J. A.
Symonds.
2. To linger in expectation or with desire. --Thackeray.
Hankeringly \Han"ker*ing*ly\, adv.
In a hankering manner.
Hankey-pankey \Han"key-pan"key\, n. [Cf. {Hocus-pocus}.]
Professional cant; the chatter of conjurers to divert
attention from their tricks; hence, jugglery. [Colloq.]
Hanoverian \Han`o*ve"ri*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to Hanover or its people, or to the House of
Hanover in England.
Hanoverian \Han`o*ve"ri*an\, n.
A native or naturalized inhabitant of Hanover; one of the
House of Hanover.
Han sa \Han" sa\, n.
See 2d {Hanse}.
Hansard \Han"sard\, n.
An official report of proceedings in the British Parliament;
-- so called from the name of the publishers.
Hansard \Han"sard\, n.
A merchant of one of the Hanse towns. See the Note under 2d
{Hanse}.
Hanse \Hanse\, n. [Cf. F. anse handle, anse de panier surbased
arch, flat arch, vault, and E. haunch hip.] (Arch.)
That part of an elliptical or many-centered arch which has
the shorter radius and immediately adjoins the impost.
Hanse \Hanse\, n. [G. hanse, or F. hanse (from German), OHG. &
Goth. hansa; akin to AS. h?s band, troop.]
An association; a league or confederacy.
{Hanse towns} (Hist.), certain commercial cities in Germany
which associated themselves for the protection and
enlarging of their commerce. The confederacy, called also
{Hansa} and {Hanseatic league}, held its first diet in
1260, and was maintained for nearly four hundred years. At
one time the league comprised eighty-five cities. Its
remnants, L["u]beck, Hamburg, and Bremen, are {free
cities}, and are still frequently called Hanse towns.
Hanseatic \Han`se*at"ic\, a.
Pertaining to the Hanse towns, or to their confederacy.
{Hanseatic league}. See under 2d {Hanse}.
Hansel \Han"sel\, n. & v.
See {Handsel}.
Hanselines \Han"sel*ines\, n.
A sort of breeches. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hansom \Han"som\, n., Hansom cab \Han"som cab`\ [From the name
of the inventor.]
A light, low, two-wheeled covered carriage with the driver's
seat elevated behind, the reins being passed over the top.
He hailed a cruising hansom . . . `` 'Tis the gondola
of London,'' said Lothair. --Beaconsfield.
Han't \Han't\
A contraction of have not, or has not, used in illiterate
speech. In the United States the commoner spelling is hain't.
Hanuman \Han"u*man\, n.
See {Hoonoomaun}.
Hap \Hap\, v. t. [OE. happen.]
To clothe; to wrap.
The surgeon happed her up carefully. --Dr. J.
Brown.
Hap \Hap\, n. [Cf. {Hap} to clothe.]
A cloak or plaid. [O. Eng. & Scot.]
Hap \Hap\, n. [Icel. happ unexpected good luck. [root]39.]
That which happens or comes suddenly or unexpectedly; also,
the manner of occurrence or taking place; chance; fortune;
accident; casual event; fate; luck; lot. --Chaucer.
Whether art it was or heedless hap. --Spenser.
Cursed be good haps, and cursed be they that build
Their hopes on haps. --Sir P.
Sidney.
Loving goes by haps: Some Cupid kills with arrows, some
with traps. --Shak.
Hap \Hap\, v. i. [OE. happen. See {Hap} chance, and cf.
{Happen}.]
To happen; to befall; to chance. --Chaucer.
Sends word of all that haps in Tyre. --Shak.
Hap'penny \Hap'"pen*ny\, n.
A half-penny.
Haphazard \Hap"haz`ard\, n. [Hap + hazard.]
Extra hazard; chance; accident; random.
We take our principles at haphazard, upon trust.
--Locke.
Hapless \Hap"less\, a.
Without hap or luck; luckless; unfortunate; unlucky; unhappy;
as, hapless youth; hapless maid. --Dryden.
Haplessly \Hap"less*ly\, adv.
In a hapless, unlucky manner.
Haplomi \Ha*plo"mi\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "aplo`os simple +
'w^mos shoulder.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of freshwater fishes, including the true pikes,
cyprinodonts, and blindfishes.
Haplostemonous \Hap`lo*stem"o*nous\, a. [Gr. "aplo`os simple +
sth`mwn a thread.] (Bot.)
Having but one series of stamens, and that equal in number to
the proper number of petals; isostemonous.
Haply \Hap"ly\, adv.
By hap, chance, luck, or accident; perhaps; it may be.
Lest haply ye be found even to fight against God.
--Acts v. 39.
Happed \Happed\, p. a. [From 1st {Hap}.]
Wrapped; covered; cloaked. [Scot.]
All happed with flowers in the green wood were. --Hogg.
Happen \Hap"pen\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Happened}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Happening}.] [OE. happenen, hapnen. See {Hap} to happen.]
1. To come by chance; to come without previous expectation;
to fall out.
There shall no evil happen to the just. --Prov. xii.
21.
2. To take place; to occur.
All these things which had happened. --Luke xxiv.
14.
{To happen on}, to meet with; to fall or light upon. ``I have
happened on some other accounts.'' --Graunt.
{To happen in}, to make a casual call. [Colloq.]
Happily \Hap"pi*ly\, adv. [From {Happy}.]
1. By chance; peradventure; haply. [Obs.] --Piers Plowman.
2. By good fortune; fortunately; luckily.
Preferred by conquest, happily o'erthrown. --Waller.
3. In a happy manner or state; in happy circumstances; as, he
lived happily with his wife.
4. With address or dexterity; gracefully; felicitously; in a
manner to success; with success.
Formed by thy converse, happily to steer From grave
to gay, from lively to severe. --Pope.
Syn: Fortunately; luckily; successfully; prosperously;
contentedly; dexterously; felicitously.
Happiness \Hap"pi*ness\, n. [From {Happy}.]
1. Good luck; good fortune; prosperity.
All happiness bechance to thee in Milan! --Shak.
2. An agreeable feeling or condition of the soul arising from
good fortune or propitious happening of any kind; the
possession of those circumstances or that state of being
which is attended enjoyment; the state of being happy;
contentment; joyful satisfaction; felicity; blessedness.
3. Fortuitous elegance; unstudied grace; -- used especially
of language.
Some beauties yet no precepts can declare, For
there's a happiness, as well as care. --Pope.
Syn: {Happiness}, {Felicity}, {Blessedness}, {Bliss}.
Usage: Happiness is generic, and is applied to almost every
kind of enjoyment except that of the animal appetites;
felicity is a more formal word, and is used more
sparingly in the same general sense, but with elevated
associations; blessedness is applied to the most
refined enjoyment arising from the purest social,
benevolent, and religious affections; bliss denotes
still more exalted delight, and is applied more
appropriately to the joy anticipated in heaven.
O happiness! our being's end and aim! --Pope.
Others in virtue place felicity, But virtue
joined with riches and long life; In corporal
pleasures he, and careless ease. --Milton.
His overthrow heaped happiness upon him; For
then, and not till then, he felt himself, And
found the blessedness of being little. --Shak.
Happy \Hap"py\, a. [Compar. {Happier}; superl. {Happiest}.]
[From {Hap} chance.]
1. Favored by hap, luck, or fortune; lucky; fortunate;
successful; prosperous; satisfying desire; as, a happy
expedient; a happy effort; a happy venture; a happy omen.
Chymists have been more happy in finding experiments
than the causes of them. --Boyle.
2. Experiencing the effect of favorable fortune; having the
feeling arising from the consciousness of well-being or of
enjoyment; enjoying good of any kind, as peace,
tranquillity, comfort; contented; joyous; as, happy hours,
happy thoughts.
Happy is that people, whose God is the Lord. --Ps.
cxliv. 15.
The learned is happy Nature to explore, The fool is
happy that he knows no more. --Pope.
3. Dexterous; ready; apt; felicitous.
One gentleman is happy at a reply, another excels in
a in a rejoinder. --Swift.
{Happy family}, a collection of animals of different and
hostile propensities living peaceably together in one
cage. Used ironically of conventional alliances of persons
who are in fact mutually repugnant.
{Happy-go-lucky}, trusting to hap or luck; improvident;
easy-going. ``Happy-go-lucky carelessness.'' --W. Black.
Hapuku \Ha*pu"ku\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A large and valuable food fish ({Polyprion prognathus}) of
New Zealand. It sometimes weighs one hundred pounds or more.
Haquebut \Haque"but\, n.
See {Hagbut}.
Hara-kiri \Ha"ra-ki`ri\, n. [Jap., stomach cutting.]
Suicide, by slashing the abdomen, formerly practiced in
Japan, and commanded by the government in the cases of
disgraced officials; disembowelment; -- also written, but
incorrectly, {hari-kari}. --W. E. Griffis.
Harangue \Ha*rangue"\, n. [F. harangue: cf. Sp. arenda, It.
aringa; lit., a speech before a multitude or on the hustings,
It. aringo arena, hustings, pulpit; all fr. OHG. hring ring,
anything round, ring of people, G. ring. See {Ring}.]
A speech addressed to a large public assembly; a popular
oration; a loud address a multitude; in a bad sense, a noisy
or pompous speech; declamation; ranting.
Gray-headed men and grave, with warriors mixed,
Assemble, and harangues are heard. --Milton.
Syn: {Harangue}, {Speech}, {Oration}.
Usage: Speech is generic; an oration is an elaborate and
rhetorical speech; an harangue is a vehement appeal to
the passions, or a noisy, disputatious address. A
general makes an harangue to his troops on the eve of
a battle; a demagogue harangues the populace on the
subject of their wrongs.
Harangue \Ha*rangue"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Harangued}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Haranguing}.] [Cf. F. haranguer, It. aringare.]
To make an harangue; to declaim.
Harangue \Ha*rangue"\, v. t.
To address by an harangue.
Harangueful \Ha*rangue"ful\, a.
Full of harangue.
Haranguer \Ha*rang"uer\, n.
One who harangues, or is fond of haranguing; a declaimer.
With them join'd all th' harangues of the throng, That
thought to get preferment by the tongue. --Dryden.
Harass \Har"ass\ (h[a^]r"as), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Harassed}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Harassing}.] [F. harasser; cf. OF. harace a
basket made of cords, harace, harasse,a very heavy and large
shield; or harer to set (a dog) on.]
To fatigue; to tire with repeated and exhausting efforts;
esp., to weary by importunity, teasing, or fretting; to cause
to endure excessive burdens or anxieties; -- sometimes
followed by out.
[Troops] harassed with a long and wearisome march.
--Bacon.
Nature oppressed and harass'd out with care. --Addison.
Vext with lawyers and harass'd with debt. --Tennyson.
Syn: To weary; jade; tire; perplex; distress; tease; worry;
disquiet; chafe; gall; annoy; irritate; plague; vex;
molest; trouble; disturb; torment.
Harass \Har"ass\, n.
1. Devastation; waste. [Obs.] --Milton.
2. Worry; harassment. [R.] --Byron.
Harasser \Har"ass*er\, n.
One who harasses.
Harassment \Har"ass*ment\, n.
The act of harassing, or state of being harassed; worry;
annoyance; anxiety.
Little harassments which I am led to suspect do
occasionally molest the most fortunate. --Ld. Lytton.
Harberous \Har"ber*ous\, a.
Harborous. [Obs.]
A bishop must be faultless, the husband of one wife,
honestly appareled, harberous. --Tyndale (1
Tim. iii. 2)
Harbinger \Har"bin*ger\, n. [OE. herbergeour, OF. herbergeor one
who provides lodging, fr. herbergier to provide lodging, F.
h['e]berger, OF. herberge lodging, inn, F. auberge; of German
origin. See {Harbor}.]
1. One who provides lodgings; especially, the officer of the
English royal household who formerly preceded the court
when traveling, to provide and prepare lodgings. --Fuller.
2. A forerunner; a precursor; a messenger.
I knew by these harbingers who were coming.
--Landor.
Harbinger \Har"bin*ger\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Harbingered}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Harbingering}.]
To usher in; to be a harbinger of. ``Thus did the star of
religious freedom harbinger the day.'' --Bancroft.
Harbor \Har"bor\, n. [Written also {harbour}.] [OE herbor,
herberwe, herberge, Icel. herbergi (cf. OHG. heriberga),
orig., a shelter for soldiers; herr army + bjarga to save,
help, defend; akin to AS. here army, G. heer, OHG. heri,
Goth. harjis, and AS. beorgan to save, shelter, defend, G.
bergen. See {Harry}, {2d Bury}, and cf. {Harbinger}.]
1. A station for rest and entertainment; a place of security
and comfort; a refuge; a shelter.
[A grove] fair harbour that them seems. --Spenser.
For harbor at a thousand doors they knocked.
--Dryden.
2. Specif.: A lodging place; an inn. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
3. (Astrol.) The mansion of a heavenly body. [Obs.]
4. A portion of a sea, a lake, or other large body of water,
either landlocked or artificially protected so as to be a
place of safety for vessels in stormy weather; a port or
haven.
5. (Glass Works) A mixing box materials.
{Harbor dues} (Naut.), fees paid for the use of a harbor.
{Harbor seal} (Zo["o]l.), the common seal.
{Harbor watch}, a watch set when a vessel is in port; an
anchor watch.
Harbor \Har"bor\, v. t. [Written also {harbour}.] [imp. & p. p.
{Harbored}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Harboring}.] [OE. herberen,
herberwen, herbergen; cf. Icel. herbergja. See {Harbor}, n.]
To afford lodging to; to enter as guest; to receive; to give
a refuge to; indulge or cherish (a thought or feeling, esp.
an ill thought).
Any place that harbors men. --Shak.
The bare suspicion made it treason to harbor the person
suspected. --Bp. Burnet.
Let not your gentle breast harbor one thought of
outrage. --Rowe.
Harbor \Har"bor\, v. i.
To lodge, or abide for a time; to take shelter, as in a
harbor.
For this night let's harbor here in York. --Shak.
Harborage \Har"bor*age\, n.
Shelter; entertainment.[R.]
Where can I get me harborage for the night? --Tennyson.
Harborer \Har"bor*er\, n.
One who, or that which, harbors.
Geneva was . . . a harborer of exiles for religion.
--Strype.
Harborless \Har"bor*less\, a.
Without a harbor; shelterless.
Harbor master \Har"bor mas`ter\
An officer charged with the duty of executing the regulations
respecting the use of a harbor.
Harborough \Har"bor*ough\, Harbrough \Har"brough\, [See
{Harbor}.]
A shelter. [Obs]. --Spenser.
Harborous \Har"bor*ous\, a.
Hospitable. [Obs.]
Hard \Hard\, a. [Compar. {Harder}; superl. {Hardest}.] [{OE}.
heard, AS. heard; akin to OS. & D. heard, G. hart, OHG.
harti, Icel. har?r, Dan. haard, Sw. h[*a]rd, Goth. hardus,
Gr.? strong, ?, ?, strength, and also to E. -ard, as in
coward, drunkard, -crat, -cracy in autocrat, democracy; cf.
Skr. kratu strength, ? to do, make. Cf. {Hardy}.]
1. Not easily penetrated, cut, or separated into parts; not
yielding to pressure; firm; solid; compact; -- applied to
material bodies, and opposed to soft; as, hard wood; hard
flesh; a hard apple.
2. Difficult, mentally or judicially; not easily apprehended,
decided, or resolved; as a hard problem.
The hard causes they brought unto Moses. --Ex.
xviii. 26.
In which are some things hard to be understood. --2
Peter iii. 16.
3. Difficult to accomplish; full of obstacles; laborious;
fatiguing; arduous; as, a hard task; a disease hard to
cure.
4. Difficult to resist or control; powerful.
The stag was too hard for the horse. --L'Estrange.
A power which will be always too hard for them.
--Addison.
5. Difficult to bear or endure; not easy to put up with or
consent to; hence, severe; rigorous; oppressive;
distressing; unjust; grasping; as, a hard lot; hard times;
hard fare; a hard winter; hard conditions or terms.
I never could drive a hard bargain. --Burke.
6. Difficult to please or influence; stern; unyielding;
obdurate; unsympathetic; unfeeling; cruel; as, a hard
master; a hard heart; hard words; a hard character.
7. Not easy or agreeable to the taste; stiff; rigid;
ungraceful; repelling; as, a hard style.
Figures harder than even the marble itself.
--Dryden.
8. Rough; acid; sour, as liquors; as, hard cider.
9. (Pron.) Abrupt or explosive in utterance; not aspirated,
sibilated, or pronounced with a gradual change of the
organs from one position to another; -- said of certain
consonants, as c in came, and g in go, as distinguished
from the same letters in center, general, etc.
10. Wanting softness or smoothness of utterance; harsh; as, a
hard tone.
11. (Painting)
(a) Rigid in the drawing or distribution of the figures;
formal; lacking grace of composition.
(b) Having disagreeable and abrupt contrasts in the
coloring or light and shade.
{Hard cancer}, {Hard case}, etc. See under {Cancer}, {Case},
etc.
{Hard clam}, or {Hard-shelled clam} (Zo["o]l.), the guahog.
{Hard coal}, anthracite, as distinguished from bituminous or
soft coal.
{Hard and fast}. (Naut.) See under {Fast}.
{Hard finish} (Arch.), a smooth finishing coat of hard fine
plaster applied to the surface of rough plastering.
{Hard lines}, hardship; difficult conditions.
{Hard money}, coin or specie, as distinguished from paper
money.
{Hard oyster} (Zo["o]l.), the northern native oyster. [Local,
U. S.]
{Hard pan}, the hard stratum of earth lying beneath the soil;
hence, figuratively, the firm, substantial, fundamental
part or quality of anything; as, the hard pan of
character, of a matter in dispute, etc. See {Pan}.
{Hard rubber}. See under {Rubber}.
{Hard solder}. See under {Solder}.
{Hard water}, water, which contains lime or some mineral
substance rendering it unfit for washing. See {Hardness},
3.
{Hard wood}, wood of a solid or hard texture; as walnut, oak,
ash, box, and the like, in distinction from pine, poplar,
hemlock, etc.
{In hard condition}, in excellent condition for racing;
having firm muscles;-said of race horses.
Syn: Solid; arduous; powerful; trying; unyielding; stubborn;
stern; flinty; unfeeling; harsh; difficult; severe;
obdurate; rigid. See {Solid}, and {Arduous}.
Hard \Hard\, adv. [OE. harde, AS. hearde.]
1. With pressure; with urgency; hence, diligently; earnestly.
And prayed so hard for mercy from the prince.
--Dryden.
My father Is hard at study; pray now, rest yourself.
--Shak.
2. With difficulty; as, the vehicle moves hard.
3. Uneasily; vexatiously; slowly. --Shak.
4. So as to raise difficulties. `` The guestion is hard
set''. --Sir T. Browne.
5. With tension or strain of the powers; violently; with
force; tempestuously; vehemently; vigorously;
energetically; as, to press, to blow, to rain hard; hence,
rapidly; as, to run hard.
6. Close or near.
Whose house joined hard to the synagogue. --Acts
xviii.7.
{Hard by}, {near by}; close at hand; not far off. ``Hard by a
cottage chimney smokes.'' --Milton.
{Hard pushed}, {Hard run}, greatly pressed; as, he was hard
pushed or hard run for time, money, etc. [Colloq.]
{Hard up}, closely pressed by want or necessity; without
money or resources; as, hard up for amusements. [Slang]
Note: Hard in nautical language is often joined to words of
command to the helmsman, denoting that the order should
be carried out with the utmost energy, or that the helm
should be put, in the direction indicated, to the
extreme limit, as, Hard aport! Hard astarboard! Hard
alee! Hard aweather up! Hard is also often used in
composition with a participle; as, hard-baked;
hard-earned; hard-working; hard-won.
Hard \Hard\, v. t.
To harden; to make hard. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hard \Hard\, n.
A ford or passage across a river or swamp.
Hardbake \Hard"bake`\, n.
A sweetmeat of boiled brown sugar or molasses made with
almonds, and flavored with orange or lemon juice, etc.
--Thackeray.
Hardbeam \Hard"beam`\, n. (Bot.)
A tree of the genus {Carpinus}, of compact, horny texture;
hornbeam.
Harden \Hard"en\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hardened}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hardening}.] [OE. hardnen, hardenen.]
1. To make hard or harder; to make firm or compact; to
indurate; as, to harden clay or iron.
2. To accustom by labor or suffering to endure with
constancy; to strengthen; to stiffen; to inure; also, to
confirm in wickedness or shame; to make unimpressionable.
``Harden not your heart.'' --Ps. xcv. 8.
I would harden myself in sorrow. --Job vi. 10.
Harden \Hard"en\, v. i.
1. To become hard or harder; to acquire solidity, or more
compactness; as, mortar hardens by drying.
The deliberate judgment of those who knew him [A.
Lincoln] has hardened into tradition. --The Century.
2. To become confirmed or strengthened, in either a good or a
bad sense.
They, hardened more by what might most reclaim.
--Milton.
Hardened \Hard"ened\, a.
Made hard, or compact; made unfeeling or callous; made
obstinate or obdurate; confirmed in error or vice.
Syn: Impenetrable; hard; obdurate; callous; unfeeling;
unsusceptible; insensible. See {Obdurate}.
Hardener \Hard"en*er\, n.
One who, or that which, hardens; specif., one who tempers
tools.
Hardening \Hard"en*ing\, n.
1. Making hard or harder.
2. That which hardens, as a material used for converting the
surface of iron into steel.
Harder \Har"der\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A South African mullet, salted for food.
Harderian \Har*de"ri*an\, a. (Anat.)
A term applied to a lachrymal gland on the inner side of the
orbit of many animals which have a third eyelid, or
nictitating membrane. See {Nictitating membrane}, under
{Nictitate}.
Hard-favored \Hard"-fa`vored\, a.
Hard-featured; ill-looking; as, Vulcan was hard-favored.
--Dryden.
Hardfavoredness \Hard"fa`vored*ness\, n.
Coarseness of features.
Hard-featured \Hard"-fea`tured\, a.
Having coarse, unattractive or stern features. --Smollett.
Hardfern \Hard"fern`\, n. (Bot.)
A species of fern ({Lomaria borealis}), growing in Europe and
Northwestern America.
Hard-fisted \Hard"-fist`ed\, a.
1. Having hard or strong hands; as, a hard-fisted laborer.
2. Close-fisted; covetous; niggardly. --Bp. Hall.
Hard-fought \Hard"-fought`\, a. Vigorously
contested; as, a hard-fought battle.
Hard grass \Hard" grass`\ (Bot.)
A name given to several different grasses, especially to the
{Roltb["o]llia incurvata}, and to the species of
{[AE]gilops}, from one of which it is contended that wheat
has been derived.
Hardhack \Hard"hack`\, n. (Bot.)
A very astringent shrub ({Spir[ae]a tomentosa}), common in
pastures. The {Potentilla fruticosa} in also called by this
name.
Hard-handed \Hard"-hand`ed\, a.
Having hard hands, as a manual laborer.
Hard-handed men that work in Athens here. --Shak.
Hardhead \Hard"head`\, n.
1. Clash or collision of heads in contest. --Dryden.
2. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The menhaden. See {Menhaden}. [Local, U.S.]
(b) Block's gurnard ({Trigla gurnardus}) of Europe.
(c) A California salmon; the steelhead.
(d) The gray whale. See {Gray whale}, under {Gray}.
(e) A coarse American commercial sponge ({Spongia dura}).
Hard-headed \Hard"-head`ed\, a.
Having sound judgment; sagacious; shrewd. --
{Hard"-head`ed*ness}, n.
Hard-hearted \Hard"-heart`ed\, a.
Unsympathetic; inexorable; cruel; pitiless. --
{Hard"-heart`ed*ness}, n.
Harddihead \Hard"di*head\, n.
Hardihood. [Obs.]
Harddihood \Hard"di*hood\, n. [Hardy + -hood.]
Boldness, united with firmness and constancy of mind;
bravery; intrepidity; also, audaciousness; impudence.
A bound of graceful hardihood. --Wordsworth.
It is the society of numbers which gives hardihood to
iniquity. --Buckminster.
Syn: Intrepidity; courage; pluck; resolution; stoutness;
audacity; effrontery; impudence.
Hardily \Har"di*ly\, adv.
1. Same as {Hardly}. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
2. Boldly; stoutly; resolutely. --Wyclif.
Hardiment \Har"di*ment\, n. [OF. hardement. See {Hardy}.]
Hardihood; boldness; courage; energetic action. [Obs.]
Changing hardiment with great Glendower. --Shak.
Hardiness \Har"di*ness\, n.
1. Capability of endurance.
2. Hardihood; boldness; firmness; assurance. --Spenser.
Plenty and peace breeds cowards; Hardness ever Of
hardiness is mother. --Shak.
They who were not yet grown to the hardiness of
avowing the contempt of the king. --Clarendon.
3. Hardship; fatigue. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hardish \Hard"ish\, a.
Somewhat hard.
Hard-labored \Hard"-la`bored\, a.
Wrought with severe labor; elaborate; studied. --Swift.
Hardly \Hard"ly\, adv. [AS. heardlice. See {Hand}.]
1. In a hard or difficult manner; with difficulty.
Recovering hardly what he lost before. --Dryden.
2. Unwillingly; grudgingly.
The House of Peers gave so hardly thei? consent.
--Milton.
3. Scarcely; barely; not guite; not wholly.
Hardly shall you one so bad, but he desires the
credit of being thought good. --South.
4. Severely; harshly; roughly.
He has in many things been hardly used. --Swift.
5. Confidently; hardily. [Obs.] --Holland.
6. Certainly; surely; indeed. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hard-mouthed \Hard"-mouthed`\, a.
Not sensible to the bit; not easily governed; as, a
hard-mouthed horse.
Hardness \Hard"ness\, n. [AS. heardness.]
1. The quality or state of being hard, literally or
figuratively.
The habit of authority also had given his manners
some peremptory hardness. --Sir W.
Scott.
2. (Min.) The cohesion of the particles on the surface of a
body, determined by its capacity to scratch another, or be
itself scratched;-measured among minerals on a scale of
which diamond and talc form the extremes.
3. (Chem.) The peculiar quality exhibited by water which has
mineral salts dissolved in it. Such water forms an
insoluble compound with soap, and is hence unfit for
washing purposes.
Note: This quality is caused by the presence of calcium
carbonate, causing temporary hardness which can be
removed by boiling, or by calcium sulphate, causing
permanent hardness which can not be so removed, but may
be improved by the addition of sodium carbonate.
Hardock \Har"dock\, n. [Obs.]
See {Hordock}.
Hardpan \Hard"pan`\, n.
The hard substratum. Same as {Hard pan}, under {Hard}, a.
Hards \Hards\, n. pl. [OE. herdes, AS. heordan; akin to G.
hede.]
The refuse or coarse part of fiax; tow.
Hard-shell \Hard"-shell`\, a.
Unyielding; insensible to argument; uncompromising; strict.
[Collog., U.S.]
Hardship \Hard"ship\, n.
That which is hard to hear, as toil, privation, injury,
injustice, etc. --Swift.
Hardspun \Hard"spun`\, a.
Firmly twisted in spinning.
Hard-tack \Hard"-tack`\, n.
A name given by soldiers and sailors to a kind of hard
biscuit or sea bread.
Hardtail \Hard"tail`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
See {Jurel}.
Hard-visaged \Hard"-vis`aged\, a.
Of a harsh or stern countenance; hard-featured. --Burke.
Hardware \Hard"ware`\, n.
Ware made of metal, as cutlery, kitchen utensils, and the
like; ironmongery.
Hardwareman \Hard"ware`man\, n.; pl. {Hardwaremen}.
One who makes, or deals in, hardware.
Hardy \Har"dy\, a. [Compar. {Hardier}; superl. {Hardiest}.] [F.
hardi, p. p. fr. OF. hardir to make bold; of German origin,
cf. OHG. hertan to harden, G. h["a]rten. See {Hard}, a.]
1. Bold; brave; stout; daring; resolu?e; intrepid.
Hap helpeth hardy man alway. --Chaucer.
2. Confident; full of assurance; in a bad sense, morally
hardened; shameless.
3. Strong; firm; compact.
[A] blast may shake in pieces his hardy fabric.
--South.
4. Inured to fatigue or hardships; strong; capable of
endurance; as, a hardy veteran; a hardy mariner.
5. Able to withstand the cold of winter.
Note: Plants which are hardy in Virginia may perish in New
England. Half-hardy plants are those which are able to
withstand mild winters or moderate frosts.
Hardy \Har"dy\, n.
A blacksmith's fuller or chisel, having a square shank for
insertion into a square hole in an anvil, called the hardy
hole.
Hare \Hare\, v. t. [Cf. {Harry}, {Harass}.]
To excite; to tease, or worry; to harry. [Obs.] --Locke.
Hare \Hare\, n. [AS. hara; akin to D. haas, G. hase, OHG. haso,
Dan. [ae] Sw. hare, Icel. h?ri, Skr. ?a?a. ?.]
1. (Zo["o]l.) A rodent of the genus {Lepus}, having long hind
legs, a short tail, and a divided upper lip. It is a timid
animal, moves swiftly by leaps, and is remarkable for its
fecundity.
Note: The species of hares are numerous. The common European
hare is {Lepustimidus}. The northern or varying hare of
America ({L. Americanus}), and the prairie hare ({L.
campestris}), turn white in winter. In America, the
various species of hares are commonly called {rabbits}.
2. (Astron.) A small constellation situated south of and
under the foot of Orion; Lepus.
{Hare and hounds}, a game played by men and boys, two, called
hares, having a few minutes' start, and scattering bits of
paper to indicate their course, being chased by the
others, called the hounds, through a wide circuit.
{Hare kangaroo} (Zo["o]l.)., a small Australian kangaroo
({Lagorchestes Leporoides}), resembling the hare in size
and color,
{Hare's lettuce} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Sonchus}, or
sow thistle; -- so called because hares are said to eat it
when fainting with heat. --Dr. Prior.
{Jumping hare}. (Zo["o]l.) See under {Jumping}.
{Little chief hare}, or {Crying hare}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Chief
hare}.
{Sea hare}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Aplysia}.
Harebell \Hare"bell`\, n. (Bot.)
A small, slender, branching plant ({Campanula rotundifolia}),
having blue bell-shaped flowers; also, {Scilla nutans}, which
has similar flowers; -- called also {bluebell}. [Written also
{hairbell}.]
E'en the light harebell raised its head. --Sir W. Scott
.
Hare'brained' \Hare"'brained`'\, a.
Wild; giddy; volatile; heedless. ``A mad hare-brained
fellow.'' --North (Plutarch). [Written also {hairbrained}.]
Harefoot \Hare"foot`\, n.
1. (Zo["o]l.) A long, narrow foot, carried (that is, produced
or extending) forward; -- said of dogs.
2. (Bot) A tree ({Ochroma Laqopus}) of the West Indies,
having the stamens united somewhat in the form of a hare's
foot.
{Harefoot clover} (Bot.), a species of clover ({Trifolium
arvense}) with soft and silky heads.
Hare-hearted \Hare"-heart`ed\, a.
Timorous; timid; easily frightened. --Ainsworth.
Harehound \Hare"hound`\, n.
See {Harrier}. --A. Chalmers.
Hareld \Har"eld\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The long-tailed duck. See {Old Squaw}.
Harelip \Hare"lip`\, n.
A lip, commonly the upper one, having a fissure of
perpendicular division like that of a hare. --
{Hare"lipped`}, a.
Harem \Ha"rem\, n.[Ar. haram, orig., anything forbidden of
sacred, fr. harama to forbid, prohibit.] [Written also haram
and hareem.]
1. The apartments or portion of the house allotted to females
in Mohammedan families.
2. The family of wives and concubines belonging to one man,
in Mohammedan countries; a seraglio.
Harengiform \Ha*ren"gi*form\, a. [F. hareng herring (LL.
harengus) + -form.]
Herring-shaped.
Hare's-ear \Hare's"-ear`\, n. (Bot.)
An umbelliferous plant ({Bupleurum rotundifolium} ); -- so
named from the shape of its leaves. --Dr. Prior.
Hare's-foot fern \Hare's"-foot` fern`\ (Bot.)
A species of fern ({Davallia Canariensis}) with a soft, gray,
hairy rootstock; -- whence the name.
Hare's-tail \Hare's"-tail`\ (-t[=a]l`), n. (Bot.)
A kind of grass ({Eriophorum vaginatum}). See {Cotton grass},
under {Cotton}.
{Hare's-tail grass} (Bot.), a species of grass ({Lagurus
ovatus}) whose head resembles a hare's tail.
Harfang \Har"fang\, n. [See {Hare}, n., and {Fang}.] (Zo["o]l.)
The snowy owl.
Hariali grass \Ha`ri*a"li grass`\ (Bot.)
The East Indian name of the {Cynodon Dactylon}; dog's-grass.
Haricot \Har"i*cot\, n. [F.]
1. A ragout or stew of meat with beans and other vegetables.
2. The ripe seeds, or the unripe pod, of the common string
bean ({Phaseolus vulgaris}), used as a vegetable. Other
species of the same genus furnish different kinds of
haricots.
Harier \Har"i*er\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
See {Harrier}.
Harikari \Ha"ri*ka`ri\, n.
See {Hara-kiri}.
Harioiation \Har`i*o*ia"tion\, n. [See {Ariolation}.]
Prognostication; soothsaying. [Obs.] --Cockeram.
Harish \Har"ish\, a.
Like a hare. [R.] --Huloet.
Hark \Hark\, v. i. [OE. herken. See {Hearken}.]
To listen; to hearken. [Now rare, except in the imperative
form used as an interjection, Hark! listen.] --Hudibras.
{Hark away!} {Hark back!} {Hark forward!} (Sporting), cries
used to incite and guide hounds in hunting.
{To hark back}, to go back for a fresh start, as when one has
wandered from his direct course, or made a digression.
He must have overshot the mark, and must hark back.
Haggard. He harked back to the subject. --W. E.
Norris.
Harken \Hark"en\, v. t. & i.
To hearken. --Tennyson.
Harl \Harl\, n. [Cf. OHG. harluf noose, rope; E. hards refuse of
flax.]
1. A filamentous substance; especially, the filaments of flax
or hemp.
2. A barb, or barbs, of a fine large feather, as of a peacock
or ostrich, -- used in dressing artificial flies. [Written
also {herl}.]
Harle \Harle\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The red-breasted merganser.
Harlech group \Har"lech group`\ [ So called from Harlech in
Wales.] (Geol.)
A minor subdivision at the base of the Cambrian system in
Wales.
Harlequin \Har"le*quin\, n. [F. arlequin,formerly written also
harlequin (cf. It, arlecchino), prob. fr. OF. hierlekin,
hellequin, goblin, elf, which is prob. of German or Dutch
origin; cf. D. hel hell. Cf. {Hell}, {Kin}.]
A buffoon, dressed in party-colored clothes, who plays
tricks, often without speaking, to divert the bystanders or
an audience; a merry-andrew; originally, a droll rogue of
Italian comedy. --Percy Smith.
As dumb harlequin is exhibited in our theaters.
--Johnson.
{Harlequin bat} (Zo["o]l.), an Indian bat ({Scotophilus
ornatus}), curiously variegated with white spots.
{Harlequin beetle} (Zo["o]l.), a very large South American
beetle ({Acrocinus longimanus}) having very long legs and
antenn[ae]. The elytra are curiously marked with red,
black, and gray.
{Harlequin cabbage bug}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Calicoback}.
{Harlequin caterpillar}. (Zo["o]l.), the larva of an American
bombycid moth {(Euch[ae]tes egle)} which is covered with
black, white, yellow, and orange tufts of hair.
{Harlequin duck} (Zo["o]l.), a North American duck
({Histrionicus histrionicus}). The male is dark ash,
curiously streaked with white.
{Harlequin moth}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Magpie Moth}.
{Harlequin opal}. See {Opal}.
{Harlequin snake} (Zo["o]l.), a small, poisonous snake
({Elaps fulvius}), ringed with red and black, found in the
Southern United States.
Harlequin \Har"le*quin\, n. i.
To play the droll; to make sport by playing ludicrous tricks.
Harlequin \Har"le*quin\, v. t.
Toremove or conjure away, as by a harlequin's trick.
And kitten,if the humor hit Has harlequined away the
fit. --M. Green.
Harlequinade \Har"le*quin*ade`\, n. [F. arleguinade.]
A play or part of play in which the harlequin is conspicuous;
the part of a harlequin. --Macaulay.
Harlock \Har"lock\, n.
Probably a corruption either of charlock or hardock.
--Drayton.
Harlot \Har"lot\, n. [OE. harlot, herlot, a vagabond, OF.
harlot, herlot, arlot; cf. Pr. arlot, Sp. arlote, It.
arlotto; of uncertain origin.]
1. A churl; a common man; a person, male or female, of low
birth. --[Obs.]
He was a gentle harlot and a kind. --Chaucer.
2. A person given to low conduct; a rogue; a cheat; a rascal.
[Obs.] --Chaucer.
3. A woman who prostitutes her body for hire; a prostitute; a
common woman; a strumpet.
Harlot \Har"lot\, a.
Wanton; lewd; low; base. --Shak.
Harlot \Har"lot\, v. i.
To play the harlot; to practice lewdness. --Milton.
Harlotize \Har"lot*ize\, v. i.
To harlot. [Obs.] --Warner.
Harlotry \Har"lot*ry\, n.
1. Ribaldry; buffoonery; a ribald story. [Obs.] --Piers
Plowman. Chaucer.
2. The trade or practice of prostitution; habitual or
customary lewdness. --Dryden.
3. Anything meretricious; as, harlotry in art.
4. A harlot; a strumpet; a baggage. [Obs.]
He sups to-night with a harlotry. --Shak.
Harm \Harm\, n. [OE. harm, hearm, AS. hearm; akin to OS. harm,
G. harm grief, Icel. harmr, Dan. harme, Sw. harm; cf. OSlav.
& Russ. sram' shame, Skr. crama toil, fatigue.]
1. Injury; hurt; damage; detriment; misfortune.
2. That which causes injury, damage, or loss.
We, ignorant of ourselves, Beg often our own harms.
--Shak.
Syn: Mischief; evil; loss; injury. See {Mischief}.
Harm \Harm\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Harmed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Harming}.] [OE. harmen, AS. hearmian. See {Harm}, n.]
To hurt; to injure; to damage; to wrong.
Though yet he never harmed me. --Shak.
No ground of enmity between us known Why he should mean
me ill or seek to harm. --Milton.
Harmaline \Har"ma*line\, n. [Cf. F. harmaline See {Harmel}.]
(Chem.)
An alkaloid found in the plant Peganum harmala. It forms
bitter, yellow salts.
Harmattan \Har*mat"tan\, n. [F. harmattan, prob. of Arabic
origin.]
A dry, hot wind, prevailing on the Atlantic coast of Africa,
in December, January, and February, blowing from the interior
or Sahara. It is usually accompanied by a haze which obscures
the sun.
Harmel \Har"mel\, n. [Ar. harmal.] (Bot.)
A kind of rue ({Ruta sylvestris}) growing in India. At Lahore
the seeds are used medicinally and for fumigation.
Harmful \Harm"ful\, a.
Full of harm; injurious; hurtful; mischievous. `` Most
harmful hazards.'' --Strype. --{Harm"ful*ly}, adv. --
{Harm"ful*ness}, n.
Harmine \Har"mine\, n.[See {Harmaline}.] (Chem.)
An alkaloid accompanying harmaline (in the {Peganum
harmala}), and obtained from it by oxidation. It is a white
crystalline substance.
Harmless \Harm"less\, a.
1. Free from harm; unhurt; as, to give bond to save another
harmless.
2. Free from power or disposition to harm; innocent;
inoffensive. `` The harmless deer.'' --Drayton
Syn: Innocent; innoxious; innocuous; inoffensive;
unoffending; unhurt; uninjured; unharmed.
--{Harm"less*ly}, adv.- {Harm"less*ness}, n.
Harmonic \Har*mon"ic\, Harmonical \Har*mon"ic*al\, a. [L.
harmonicus, Gr. ?; cf. F. harmonique. See {Harmony}.]
1. Concordant; musical; consonant; as, harmonic sounds.
Harmonic twang! of leather, horn, and brass. --Pope.
2. (Mus.) Relating to harmony, -- as melodic relates to
melody; harmonious; esp., relating to the accessory sounds
or overtones which accompany the predominant and apparent
single tone of any string or sonorous body.
3. (Math.) Having relations or properties bearing some
resemblance to those of musical consonances; -- said of
certain numbers, ratios, proportions, points, lines.
motions, and the like.
{Harmonic interval} (Mus.), the distance between two notes of
a chord, or two consonant notes.
{Harmonical mean} (Arith. & Alg.), certain relations of
numbers and quantities, which bear an analogy to musical
consonances.
{Harmonic motion},
the motion of the point A, of the foot of the perpendicular PA,
when P moves uniformly in the circumference of a circle, and PA
is drawn perpendicularly upon a fixed diameter of the circle.
This is simple harmonic motion. The combinations, in any way, of
two more simple harmonic motions, make other kinds of harmonic
motion. The motion of the pendulum bob of a clock is
approximately simple harmonic motion.
{Harmonic proportion}. See under {Proportion}.
{Harmonic series} or {progression}. See under {Progression}.
{Spherical harmonic analysis}, a mathematical method,
sometimes referred to as that of Laplace's Coefficients,
which has for its object the expression of an arbitrary,
periodic function of two independent variables, in the
proper form for a large class of physical problems,
involving arbitrary data, over a spherical surface, and
the deduction of solutions for every point of space. The
functions employed in this method are called spherical
harmonic functions. --Thomson & Tait.
{Harmonic suture} (Anat.), an articulation by simple
apposition of comparatively smooth surfaces or edges, as
between the two superior maxillary bones in man; -- called
also {harmonic}, and {harmony}.
{Harmonic triad} (Mus.), the chord of a note with its third
and fifth; the common chord.
Harmonic \Har*mon"ic\, n. (Mus.)
A musical note produced by a number of vibrations which is a
multiple of the number producing some other; an overtone. See
{Harmonics}.
Harmonica \Har*mon"i*ca\, n. [Fem. fr. L. harmonicus harmonic.
See {Harmonic}, n. ]
1. A musical instrument, consisting of a series of
hemispherical glasses which, by touching the edges with
the dampened finger, give forth the tones.
2. A toy instrument of strips of glass or metal hung on two
tapes, and struck with hammers.
Har monically \Har* mon"ic*al*ly\, adv.
1. In an harmonical manner; harmoniously.
2. In respect to harmony, as distinguished from melody; as, a
passage harmonically correct.
3. (Math.) In harmonical progression.
Harmonicon \Har*mon"i*con\, n.
A small, flat, wind instrument of music, in which the notes
are produced by the vibration of free metallic reeds.
Harmonics \Har*mon"ics\, n.
1. The doctrine or science of musical sounds.
2. pl. (Mus.) Secondary and less distinct tones which
accompany any principal, and apparently simple, tone, as
the octave, the twelfth, the fifteenth, and the
seventeenth. The name is also applied to the artificial
tones produced by a string or column of air, when the
impulse given to it suffices only to make a part of the
string or column vibrate; overtones.
Harmonious \Har*mo"ni*ous\, a. [Cf. F. harmonieux. See
{Harmony}.]
1. Adapted to each other; having parts proportioned to each
other; symmetrical.
God hath made the intellectual world harmonious and
beautiful without us. --Locke.
2. Acting together to a common end; agreeing in action or
feeling; living in peace and friendship; as, an harmonious
family.
3. Vocally or musically concordant; agreeably consonant;
symphonious. -- {Har*mo"ni*ous*ly}, adv. --
{Har*mo"ni*ous*ness}, n.
Harmoniphon \Har*mon"i*phon\, n. [Gr.? harmony + ? sound.]
(Mus.)
An obsolete wind instrument with a keyboard, in which the
sound, which resembled the oboe, was produced by the
vibration of thin metallic plates, acted upon by blowing
through a tube.
Harmonist \Har"mo*nist\, n. [Cf. F. harmoniste.]
1. One who shows the agreement or harmony of corresponding
passages of different authors, as of the four evangelists.
2. (Mus.) One who understands the principles of harmony or is
skillful in applying them in composition; a musical
composer.
Harmonist \Har"mo*nist\, Harmonite \Har"mo*nite\, n. (Eccl.
Hist.)
One of a religious sect, founded in W["u]rtemburg in the last
century, composed of followers of George Rapp, a weaver. They
had all their property in common. In 1803, a portion of this
sect settled in Pennsylvania and called the village thus
established, Harmony.
Harmonium \Har*mo"ni*um\, n. [NL. See {Harmony}. ]
A musical instrument, resembling a small organ and especially
designed for church music, in which the tones are produced by
forcing air by means of a bellows so as to cause the
vibration of free metallic reeds. It is now made with one or
two keyboards, and has pedals and stops.
Harmonization \Har`mo*ni*za"tion\, n.
The act of harmonizing.
Harmonize \Har"mo*nize\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Harmonized}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Harmonizing}.] [Cf. F. harmoniser. ]
1. To agree in action, adaptation, or effect on the mind; to
agree in sense or purport; as, the parts of a mechanism
harmonize.
2. To be in peace and friendship, as individuals, families,
or public organizations.
3. To agree in vocal or musical effect; to form a concord;
as, the tones harmonize perfectly.
Harmonize \Har"mo*nize\, v. t.
1. To adjust in fit proportions; to cause to agree; to show
the agreement of; to reconcile the apparent contradiction
of.
2. (Mus.) To accompany with harmony; to provide with parts,
as an air, or melody.
Harmonizer \Har"mo*ni`zer\, n.
One who harmonizes.
Harmonometer \Har`mo*nom"e*ter\, n. [Gr. ? harmony + meter: cf.
F. harmonometre.]
An instrument for measuring the harmonic relations of sounds.
It is often a monochord furnished with movable bridges.
Harmony \Har"mo*ny\, n.; pl. {Harmonies}. [ F. harmonic, L.
harmonia, Gr. ? joint, proportion, concord, fr. ? a fitting
or joining. See {Article}. ]
1. The just adaptation of parts to each other, in any system
or combination of things, or in things, or things intended
to form a connected whole; such an agreement between the
different parts of a design or composition as to produce
unity of effect; as, the harmony of the universe.
2. Concord or agreement in facts, opinions, manners,
interests, etc.; good correspondence; peace and
friendship; as, good citizens live in harmony.
3. A literary work which brings together or arranges
systematically parallel passages of historians respecting
the same events, and shows their agreement or consistency;
as, a harmony of the Gospels.
4. (Mus.)
(a) A succession of chords according to the rules of
progression and modulation.
(b) The science which treats of their construction and
progression.
Ten thousand harps, that tuned Angelic
harmonies. --Milton.
5. (Anat.) See {Harmonic suture}, under {Harmonic}.
{Close harmony}, {Dispersed harmony}, etc. See under {Close},
{Dispersed}, etc.
{Harmony of the spheres}. See {Music of the spheres}, under
{Music}.
Syn: {Harmony}, {Melody}.
Usage: Harmony results from the concord of two or more
strains or sounds which differ in pitch and quality.
Melody denotes the pleasing alternation and variety of
musical and measured sounds, as they succeed each
other in a single verse or strain.
Harmost \Har"most\, n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to join, arrange, command:
cf. F. harmoste. See {Harmony}.] (Gr. Antiq.)
A governor or prefect appointed by the Spartans in the cities
subjugated by them.
Harmotome \Har"mo*tome\, n. [Gr. ? a joint + ? to cut: cf. F.
harmotome.] (Min.)
A hydrous silicate of alumina and baryta, occurring usually
in white cruciform crystals; cross-stone.
Note: A related mineral, called lime harmotome, and
Phillipsite, contains lime in place of baryta. --Dana.
Harness \Har"ness\, n. [OE. harneis, harnes, OF. harneis, F.
harnais, harnois; of Celtic origin; cf. Armor. harnez old
iron, armor, W. haiarn iron, Armor. houarn, Ir. iarann, Gael.
iarunn. Gf. {Iron}.]
1. Originally, the complete dress, especially in a military
sense, of a man or a horse; hence, in general, armor.
At least we 'll die witch harness on our back.
--Shak.
2. The equipment of a draught or carriage horse, for drawing
a wagon, coach, chaise, etc.; gear; tackling.
3. The part of a loom comprising the heddles, with their
means of support and motion, by which the threads of the
warp are alternately raised and depressed for the passage
of the shuttle.
{To die in harness}, to die with armor on; hence,
colloquially, to die while actively engaged in work or
duty.
Harness \Har"ness\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Harnessed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Harnessing}.] [OE. harneisen; cf. F. harnacher, OF.
harneschier.]
1. To dress in armor; to equip with armor for war, as a
horseman; to array.
Harnessed in rugged steel. --Rowe.
A gay dagger, Harnessed well and sharp as point of
spear. --Chaucer.
2. Fig.: To equip or furnish for defense. --Dr. H. More.
3. To make ready for draught; to equip with harness, as a
horse. Also used figuratively.
Harnessed to some regular profession. --J. C.
Shairp.
{Harnessed antelope}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Guib}.
{Harnessed moth} (Zo["o]l.), an American bombycid moth
({Arctia phalerata} of Harris), having, on the fore wings,
stripes and bands of buff on a black ground.
Harness cask \Har"ness cask`\ (Naut.)
A tub lashed to a vessel's deck and containing salted
provisions for daily use; -- called also {harness tub}. --W.
C. Russell.
Harnesser \Har"ness*er\, n.
One who harnesses.
Harns \Harns\, n. pl. [Akin to Icel. hjarni, Dan. hierne.]
The brains. [Scot.]
Harp \Harp\, n. [OE. harpe, AS. hearpe; akin to D. harp, G.
harfe, OHG. harpha, Dan. harpe, Icel. & Sw. harpa.]
1. A musical instrument consisting of a triangular frame
furnished with strings and sometimes with pedals, held
upright, and played with the fingers.
2. (Astron.) A constellation; Lyra, or the Lyre.
3. A grain sieve. [Scot.]
{[AE]olian harp}. See under {[AE]olian}.
{Harp seal} (Zo["o]l.), an arctic seal ({Phoca
Gr[oe]nlandica}). The adult males have a light-colored
body, with a harp-shaped mark of black on each side, and
the face and throat black. Called also {saddler}, and
{saddleback}. The immature ones are called {bluesides}.
{Harp shell} (Zo["o]l.), a beautiful marine gastropod shell
of the genus {Harpa}, of several species, found in
tropical seas. See {Harpa}.
Harp \Harp\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Harped}p. pr. & vb. n.
{Harping}.] [AS. hearpian. See {Harp}, n.]
1. To play on the harp.
I heard the voice of harpers, harping with their
harps. --Rev. xiv. 2.
2. To dwell on or recur to a subject tediously or
monotonously in speaking or in writing; to refer to
something repeatedly or continually; -- usually with on or
upon. ``Harpings upon old themes.'' --W. Irving.
Harping on what I am, Not what he knew I was.
--Shak.
{To harp on one string}, to dwell upon one subject with
disagreeable or wearisome persistence. [Collog.]
Harp \Harp\, v. t.
To play on, as a harp; to play (a tune) on the harp; to
develop or give expression to by skill and art; to sound
forth as from a harp; to hit upon.
Thou 'harped my fear aright. --Shak.
Harpa \Har"pa\, n. [L., harp.] (Zo["o]l.)
A genus of marine univalve shells; the harp shells; -- so
called from the form of the shells, and their ornamental
ribs.
Harpagon \Har"pa*gon\, n. [L. harpago, Gr. ? hook, rake.]
A grappling iron. [Obs.]
Harper \Harp"er\, n. [AS. hearpere.]
1. A player on the harp; a minstrel.
The murmuring pines and the hemlocks . . . Stand
like harpers hoar, with beards that rest on their
bosoms. --Longfellow.
2. A brass coin bearing the emblem of a harp, -- formerly
current in Ireland. --B. Jonson.
Harping \Harp"ing\, a.
Pertaining to the harp; as, harping symphonies. --Milton.
Harping iron \Harp"ing i`ron\ [F. harper to grasp strongly. See
{Harpoon}.]
A harpoon. --Evelyn.
Harpings \Harp"ings\, n. pl. (Naut.)
The fore parts of the wales, which encompass the bow of a
vessel, and are fastened to the stem. [Written also
{harpins}.] --Totten.
Harpist \Harp"ist\, n. [Gf. F. harpiste.]
A player on the harp; a harper. --W. Browne.
Harpoon \Har*poon"\, n. [F. harpon, LL. harpo, perh. of Ger.
origin, fr. the harp; cf. F. harper to take and grasp
strongly, harpe a dog's claw, harpin boathook (the sense of
hook coming from the shape of the harp); but cf. also Gr. ?
the kite, sickle, and E. harpy. Cf. {Harp}.]
A spear or javelin used to strike and kill large fish, as
whales; a harping iron. It consists of a long shank, with a
broad, fiat, triangular head, sharpened at both edges, and is
thrown by hand, or discharged from a gun.
{Harpoon fork}, a kind of hayfork, consisting of bar with
hinged barbs at one end a loop for a rope at the other
end, used for lifting hay from the load by horse power.
{Harpoon gun}, a gun used in the whale fishery for shooting
the harpoon into a whale.
Harpoon \Har*poon"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Harpooned}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Harpooning}.]
To strike, catch, or kill with a harpoon.
Harpooneer \Har`poon*eer`\, n.
An harpooner. --Grabb.
Harpooner \Har*poon`er\, n. [Gf. F. harponneur.]
One who throws the harpoon.
Harpress \Harp`ress\, n.
A female harper. [R.] --Sir W. Scott.
Harpsichon \Harp"si*chon\, n.
A harpsichord. [Obs.]
Harpsichord \Harp"si*chord\, n. [OF. harpechorde, in which the
harpe is of German origin. See {Harp}, and {Chord}.] (Mus.)
A harp-shaped instrument of music set horizontally on legs,
like the grand piano, with strings of wire, played by the
fingers, by means of keys provided with quills, instead of
hammers, for striking the strings. It is now superseded by
the piano.
Harpy \Har"py\, n.; pl. {Harpies}. [F. harpie, L. harpyia, Gr.
?, from the root of ? to snatch, to seize. Gf. {Rapacious}.]
1. (Gr. Myth.) A fabulous winged monster, ravenous and
filthy, having the face of a woman and the body of a
vulture, with long claws, and the face pale with hunger.
Some writers mention two, others three.
Both table and provisions vanished guite. With sound
of harpies' wings and talons heard. --Milton.
2. One who is rapacious or ravenous; an extortioner.
The harpies about all pocket the pool. --Goldsmith.
3. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The European moor buzzard or marsh harrier ({Circus
[ae]ruginosus}).
(b) A large and powerful, double-crested, short-winged
American eagle ({Thrasa["e]tus harpyia}). It ranges
from Texas to Brazil.
{Harpy bat} (Zo["o]l.)
(a) An East Indian fruit bat of the genus {Harpyia} (esp.
{H. cerphalotes}), having prominent, tubular nostrils.
(b) A small, insectivorous Indian bat ({Harpiocephalus
harpia}).
{Harpy fly} (Zo["o]l.), the house fly.
Harquebus \Har"que*bus\, Harquebuse \Har"que*buse\, n. [See
{Arquebus}.]
A firearm with match holder, trigger, and tumbler, made in
the second half of the 15th century. the barrel was about
forty inches long. A form of the harquebus was subsequently
called arquebus with matchlock.
Harrage \Har"rage\v. t. [See {Harry}.]
To harass; to plunder from. [Obs.] --Fuller.
Harre \Har"re\, n. [OE., fr. AS. heorr, hior.]
A hinge. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Harridan \Har"ri*dan\, n. [F. haridelle a worn-out horse, jade.]
A worn-out strumpet; a vixenish woman; a hag.
Such a weak, watery, wicked old harridan, substituted
for the pretty creature I had been used to see. --De
Quincey.
Harrier \Har"ri*er\, n. [From {Hare}, n.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of a small breed of hounds, used for hunting hares.
[Written also {harier}.]
Harrier \Har"ri*er\, n. [From {Harry}.]
1. One who harries.
2. (Zo["o]l.) One of several species of hawks or buzzards of
the genus {Circus} which fly low and harry small animals
or birds, -- as the European marsh harrier ({Circus
[ae]runginosus}), and the hen harrier ({C. cyaneus}).
{Harrier hawk}(?), one of several species of American hawks
of the genus {Micrastur}.
Harrow \Har"row\ (h[a^]r"r[-o]), n. [OE. harowe, harwe, AS.
hearge; cf. D. hark rake, G. harke, Icel. herfi harrow, Dan.
harve, Sw. harf. [root]16.]
1. An implement of agriculture, usually formed of pieces of
timber or metal crossing each other, and set with iron or
wooden teeth. It is drawn over plowed land to level it and
break the clods, to stir the soil and make it fine, or to
cover seed when sown.
2. (Mil.) An obstacle formed by turning an ordinary harrow
upside down, the frame being buried.
{Bush harrow}, a kind of light harrow made of bushes, for
harrowing grass lands and covering seeds, or to finish the
work of a toothed harrow.
{Drill harrow}. See under 6th {Drill}.
{Under the harrow}, subjected to actual torture with a
toothed instrument, or to great affliction or oppression.
Harrow \Har"row\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Harrowed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Harrowing}.] [OE. harowen, harwen; cf. Dan. harve. See
{Harrow}, n.]
1. To draw a harrow over, as for the purpose of breaking
clods and leveling the surface, or for covering seed; as,
to harrow land.
Will he harrow the valleys after thee? --Job xxxix.
10.
2. To break or tear, as with a harrow; to wound; to lacerate;
to torment or distress; to vex.
My aged muscles harrowed up with whips. --Rowe.
I could a tale unfold, whose lightest word Would
harrow up thy soul. --Shak.
Harrow \Har"row\, interj. [OF. harau, haro; fr. OHG. hara, hera,
herot, or fr. OS. herod hither, akin to E. here.]
Help! Halloo! An exclamation of distress; a call for
succor;-the ancient Norman hue and cry. ``Harrow and well
away!'' --Spenser.
Harrow! alas! here lies my fellow slain. --Chaucer.
Harrow \Har"row\, v. t. [See {Harry}.]
To pillage; to harry; to oppress. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Meaning thereby to harrow his people. --Bacon
Harrower \Har"row*er\ (-[~e]r), n.
One who harrows.
Harrower \Har"row*er\, n.
One who harries. [Obs.]
Harry \Har"ry\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Harried}( ?); p. pr. & vb.
n. {Harrying}.] [OF. harwen, herien, her[yogh]ien, AS.
hergian to act as an army, to ravage, plunder, fr. here army;
akin to G. here army; akin to G. heer, Icel. herr, Goth.
harjis, and Lith. karas war. Gf. {Harbor}, {Herald},
{Heriot}.]
1. To strip; to lay waste; as, the Northmen came several
times and harried the land.
To harry this beautiful region. --W. Irving.
A red squirrel had harried the nest of a wood
thrush. --J.
Burroughs.
2. To agitate; to worry; to harrow; to harass. --Shak.
Syn: To ravage; plunder; pillage; lay waste; vex; tease;
worry; annoy; harass.
Harry \Har"ry\, v. i.
To make a predatory incursion; to plunder or lay waste.
[Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
Harsh \Harsh\ (h[aum]rsh), a. [Compar. {Harsher} (-[~e]r);
superl. {Harshest}.] [OE. harsk; akin to G. harsch, Dan.
harsk rancid, Sw. h["a]rsk; from the same source as E. hard.
See {Hard}, a.]
1. Rough; disagreeable; grating; esp.:
(a) disagreeable to the touch. ``Harsh sand.'' --Boyle.
(b) disagreeable to the taste. ``Berries harsh and
crude.'' --Milton.
(c) disagreeable to the ear. ``Harsh din.'' --Milton.
2. Unpleasant and repulsive to the sensibilities; austere;
crabbed; morose; abusive; abusive; severe; rough.
Clarence is so harsh, so blunt. --Shak.
Though harsh the precept, yet the charmed. --Dryden.
3. (Painting, Drawing, etc.) Having violent contrasts of
color, or of light and shade; lacking in harmony.
Harshly \Harsh"ly\, adv.
In a harsh manner; gratingly; roughly; rudely.
'T will sound harshly in her ears. --Shak.
Harshness \Harsh"ness\, n.
The quality or state of being harsh.
O, she is Ten times more gentle than her father 's
crabbed, And he's composed of harshness. --Shak.
'Tis not enough no harshness gives offense, The sound
must seem an echo to the sense. --Pope.
Syn: Acrimony; roughness; sternness; asperity; tartness. See
{Acrimony}.
Harslet \Hars"let\, n.
See {Haslet}.
Hart \Hart\ (h[aum]rt), n. [OE. hart, hert, heort, AS. heort,
heorot; akin to D. hert, OHG. hiruz, hirz, G. hirsch, Icel.
hj["o]rtr, Dan. & Sw. hjort, L. cervus, and prob. to Gr.
kerao`s horned, ke`ras horn. [root]230. See {Horn}.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A stag; the male of the red deer. See the Note under {Buck}.
Goodliest of all the forest, hart and hind. --Milton.
Hartbeest \Hart"beest`\, n. [D. hertebeest. See {Hart}, and
{Beast}.] (Zo["o]l.)
A large South African antelope ({Alcelaphus caama}), formerly
much more abundant than it is now. The face and legs are
marked with black, the rump with white. [Written also
{hartebeest}, and {hartebest}.]
Harten \Hart"en\, v. t.
To hearten; to encourage; to incite. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hartford \Hart"ford\, n.
The Hartford grape, a variety of grape first raised at
Hartford, Connecticut, from the Northern fox grape. Its large
dark-colored berries ripen earlier than those of most other
kinds.
Harts clover \Hart"s` clo`ver\ (Bot.)
Melilot or sweet clover. See {Melilot}.
Hart's-ear \Hart's`-ear`\, n. (Bot.)
An Asiatic species of {Cacalia} ({C. Kleinia}), used
medicinally in India.
Hartshorn \Harts"horn`\, n.
1. The horn or antler of the hart, or male red deer.
2. Spirits of hartshorn (see below); volatile salts.
{Hartshorn plantain} (Bot.), an annual species of plantain
({Plantago Coronopus}); -- called also {duck's-horn}.
--Booth.
{Hartshorn shavings}, originally taken from the horns of
harts, are now obtained chiefly by planing down the bones
of calves. They afford a kind of jelly. --Hebert.
{Salt of hartshorn} (Chem.), an impure solid carbonate of
ammonia, obtained by the destructive distillation of
hartshorn, or any kind of bone; volatile salts. --Brande &
C.
{Spirits of hartshorn} (Chem.), a solution of ammonia in
water; -- so called because formerly obtained from
hartshorn shavings by destructive distillation. Similar
ammoniacal solutions from other sources have received the
same name.
Hart-tongue \Hart"-tongue`\, n. (Bot.)
(a) A common British fern ({Scolopendrium vulgare}), rare
in America.
(b) A West Indian fern, the {Polypodium Phyllitidis} of
Linn[ae]us. It is also found in Florida.
Hartwort \Hart"wort`\, n. (Bot.)
A coarse umbelliferous plant of Europe ({Tordylium maximum}).
Note: The name is often vaguely given to other plants of the
same order, as species of {Seseli} and {Bupleurum}.
Harum-scarum \Har"um-scar"um\, a. [Cf. hare,v. t., and scare, v.
t.]
Wild; giddy; flighty; rash; thoughtless. [Colloq.]
They had a quarrel with Sir Thomas Newcome's own son, a
harum-scarum lad. --Thackeray.
Haruspication \Ha*rus`pi*ca"tion\, n.
See {Haruspicy}. --Tylor.
Haruspice \Ha*rus"pice\, n. [F., fr. L. haruspex.]
A diviner of ancient Rome. Same as {Aruspice}.
Haruspicy \Ha*rus"pi*cy\, n.
The art or practices of haruspices. See {Aruspicy}.
Harvest \Har"vest\, n. [OE. harvest, hervest, AS. h[ae]rfest
autumn; akin to LG. harfst, D. herfst, OHG. herbist, G.
herbst, and prob. to L. carpere to pluck, Gr. ? fruit. Cf.
{Carpet}.]
1. The gathering of a crop of any kind; the ingathering of
the crops; also, the season of gathering grain and fruits,
late summer or early autumn.
Seedtime and harvest . . . shall not cease. --Gen
viii. 22.
At harvest, when corn is ripe. --Tyndale.
2. That which is reaped or ready to be reaped or gath??ed; a
crop, as of grain (wheat, maize, etc.), or fruit.
Put ye in the sickle, for the harvest is ripe.
--Joel iii.
13.
To glean the broken ears after the man That the main
harvest reaps. --Shak.
3. The product or result of any exertion or labor; gain;
reward.
The pope's principal harvest was in the jubilee.
--Fuller.
The harvest of a quiet eye. --Wordsworth.
{Harvest fish} (Zo["o]l.), a marine fish of the Southern
United States ({Stromateus alepidotus}); -- called
{whiting} in Virginia. Also applied to the dollar fish.
{Harvest fly} (Zo["o]l.), an hemipterous insect of the genus
{Cicada}, often called {locust}. See {Cicada}.
{Harvest lord}, the head reaper at a harvest. [Obs.]
--Tusser.
{Harvest mite} (Zo["o]l.), a minute European mite ({Leptus
autumnalis}), of a bright crimson color, which is
troublesome by penetrating the skin of man and domestic
animals; -- called also {harvest louse}, and {harvest
bug}.
{Harvest moon}, the moon near the full at the time of harvest
in England, or about the autumnal equinox, when, by reason
of the small angle that is made by the moon's orbit with
the horizon, it rises nearly at the same hour for several
days.
{Harvest mouse} (Zo["o]l.), a very small European field mouse
({Mus minutus}). It builds a globular nest on the stems of
wheat and other plants.
{Harvest queen}, an image pepresenting Ceres, formerly
carried about on the last day of harvest. --Milton.
{Harvest spider}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Daddy longlegs}.
Harvest \Har"vest\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Harvested}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Harvesting}.]
To reap or gather, as any crop.
Harvester \Har"vest*er\, n.
1. One who harvests; a machine for cutting and gathering
grain; a reaper.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A harvesting ant.
Harvest-home \Har"vest-home"\, n.
1. The gathering and bringing home of the harvest; the time
of harvest.
Showed like a stubble land at harvest-home. --Shak.
2. The song sung by reapers at the feast made at the close of
the harvest; the feast itself. --Dryden.
3. A service of thanksgiving, at harvest time, in the Church
of England and in the Protestant Episcopal Church in the
United States.
4. The opportunity of gathering treasure. --Shak.
Harvesting \Har"vest*ing\,
a. & n., from {Harvest}, v. t.
{Harvesting ant} (Zo["o]l.), any species of ant which gathers
and stores up seeds for food. Many species are known.
Note: The species found in Southern Europe and Palestine are
{Aphenogaster structor} and {A. barbara}; that of
Texas, called {agricultural ant}, is {Pogonomyrmex
barbatus} or {Myrmica molifaciens}; that of Florida is
{P. crudelis}. See {Agricultural ant}, under
{Agricultural}.
Harvestless \Har"vest*less\, a.
Without harvest; lacking in crops; barren. ``Harvestless
autumns.'' --Tennyson.
Harvestman \Har"vest*man\, n.; pl. {Harvestmen}.
1. A man engaged in harvesting. --Shak.
2. (Zo["o]l.) See {Daddy longlegs}, 1.
Harvestry \Har"vest*ry\, n.
The act of harvesting; also, that which is harvested.
--Swinburne.
Hary \Har"y\, v. t. [Cf. OF. harier to harass, or E. harry, v.
t.]
To draw; to drag; to carry off by violence. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Has \Has\,
3d pers. sing. pres. of {Have}.
Hasard \Has"ard\, n.
Hazard. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hase \Hase\, v. t. [Obs.]
See {Haze}, v. t.
Hash \Hash\, n. [Formerly hachey, hachee, F. hachis, ?. hacher
to hash; of German origin; cf. G. hippe sickle, OHG. hippa,
for happia. Cf. {Hatchet}.]
1. That which is hashed or chopped up; meat and vegetables,
especially such as have been already cooked, chopped into
small pieces and mixed.
2. A new mixture of old matter; a second preparation or
exhibition.
I can not bear elections, and still less the hash of
them over again in a first session. --Walpole.
Hash \Hash\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hashed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hashing}.] [From {Hash}, n.: cf. F. hacher to hash.]
To ?hop into small pieces; to mince and mix; as, to hash
meat. --Hudibras.
Hasheesh \Hash"eesh\, Hashish \Hash"ish\, n. [Ar. hash[=i]sh.]
A slightly acrid gum resin produced by the common hemp
({Cannabis saltiva}), of the variety Indica, when cultivated
in a warm climate; also, the tops of the plant, from which
the resinous product is obtained. It is narcotic, and has
long been used in the East for its intoxicating effect. See
{Bhang}, and {Ganja}.
Hask \Hask\, n. [See {Hassock}.]
A basket made of rushes or flags, as for carrying fish.
[Obs.] --Spenser.
Haslet \Has"let\, n. [F. h[^a]telettes broil, for hastelettes,
fr. F. haste spit; cf. L. hasta spear, and also OHG. harst
gridiron.]
The edible viscera, as the heart, liver, etc., of a beast,
esp. of a hog. [Written also {harslet}.]
Hasp \Hasp\, n. [OE. hasp, hesp, AS. h[ae]pse; akin to G. haspe,
h["a]spe, Sw. & Dan. haspe, Icel. hespa.]
1. A clasp, especially a metal strap permanently fast at one
end to a staple or pin, while the other passes over a
staple, and is fastened by a padlock or a pin; also, a
metallic hook for fastening a door.
2. A spindle to wind yarn, thread, or silk on.
3. An instrument for cutting the surface of grass land; a
scarifier.
Hasp \Hasp\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hasped}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hasping}.] [AS. h[ae]psian.]
To shut or fasten with a hasp.
Hassock \Has"sock\, n. [Scot. hassock, hassik, a besom, anything
bushy, a large, round turf used as a seat, OE. hassok sedgy
ground, W. hesgog sedgy, hesg sedge, rushes; cf. Ir. seisg,
and E. sedge.]
1. A rank tuft of bog grass; a tussock. --Forby.
2. A small stuffed cushion or footstool, for kneeling on in
church, or for home use.
And knees and hassocks are well nigh divorced.
--Cowper.
Hast \Hast\ (h[a^]st),
2d pers. sing. pres. of. {Have}, contr. of havest. [Archaic]
Hastate \Has"tate\, Hastated \Has"ta*ted\, a. [L. hastatus, fr.
hasta spear. Cf. {Gad}, n.]
Shaped like the head of a halberd; triangular, with the basal
angles or lobes spreading; as, a hastate leaf.
Haste \Haste\, n. [OE. hast; akin to D. haast, G., Dan., Sw., &
OFries. hast, cf. OF. haste, F. h[^a]te (of German origin);
all perh. fr. the root of E. hate in a earlier sense of, to
pursue. See {Hate}.]
1. Celerity of motion; speed; swiftness; dispatch;
expedition; -- applied only to voluntary beings, as men
and other animals.
The king's business required haste. --1 Sam. xxi.
8.
2. The state of being urged or pressed by business; hurry;
urgency; sudden excitement of feeling or passion;
precipitance; vehemence.
I said in my haste, All men are liars. --Ps. cxvi.
11.
{To make haste}, to hasten.
Syn: Speed; quickness; nimbleness; swiftness; expedition;
dispatch; hurry; precipitance; vehemence; precipitation.
Usage: {Haste}, {Hurry}, {Speed}, {Dispatch}. Haste denotes
quickness of action and a strong desire for getting
on; hurry includes a confusion and want of collected
thought not implied in haste; speed denotes the actual
progress which is made; dispatch, the promptitude and
rapidity with which things are done. A man may
properly be in haste, but never in a hurry. Speed
usually secures dispatch.
Haste \Haste\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Hasted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hasting}.] [OE. hasten; akin to G. hasten, D. haasten,
Dan. haste, Sw. hasta, OF. haster, F. h[^a]ter. See {Haste},
n.]
To hasten; to hurry. [Archaic]
I 'll haste the writer. --Shak.
They were troubled and hasted away. --Ps. xlviii.
5.
Hasten \Has"ten\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hastened}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hastening}.]
To press; to drive or urge forward; to push on; to
precipitate; to accelerate the movement of; to expedite; to
hurry.
I would hasten my escape from the windy storm. --Ps.
lv. 8.
Hasten \Has"ten\, v. i.
To move celerity; to be rapid in motion; to act speedily or
quickly; to go quickly.
I hastened to the spot whence the noise came. --D? Foe.
Hastener \Has"ten*er\, n.
1. One who hastens.
2. That which hastens; especially, a stand or reflector used
for confining the heat of the fire to meat while roasting
before it.
Hastif \Has"tif\, a. [OF. See {Hastive}.]
Hasty. [Obs.] --Chaucer. -- {Has"tif*ly}, adv. [Obs.]
Hastile \Has"tile\, a. [L. hasta a spear.] (Bot.)
Same as {Hastate}. --Gray.
Hastily \Has"ti*ly\, adv. [From {Hasty}.]
1. In haste; with speed or quickness; speedily; nimbly.
2. Without due reflection; precipitately; rashly.
We hastily engaged in the war. --Swift.
3. Passionately; impatiently. --Shak.
Hastiness \Has"ti*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being hasty; haste; precipitation;
rashness; quickness of temper.
Hastings \Has"tings\, n. pl. [From {Haste}, v.]
Early fruit or vegetables; especially, early pease.
--Mortimer.
Hastings sands \Has"tings sands"\ (Geol.)
The lower group of the Wealden formation; -- so called from
its development around Hastings, in Sussex, England.
Hastive \Has"tive\, a. [OF. hastif. See {Haste}, n., and cf.
{Hastif}.]
Forward; early; -- said of fruits. [Obs.]
Hasty \Has"ty\, a. [Compar. {Hastier}; superl. {Hastiest}.]
[Akin to D. haastig, G., Sw., & Dan. hastig. See {Haste}, n.]
1. Involving haste; done, made, etc., in haste; as, a hasty
sketch.
2. Demanding haste or immediate action. [R.] --Chaucer.
``Hasty employment.'' --Shak.
3. Moving or acting with haste or in a hurry; hurrying;
hence, acting without deliberation; precipitate; rash;
easily excited; eager.
4. Made or reached without deliberation or due caution; as, a
hasty conjecture, inference, conclusion, etc., a hasty
resolution.
5. Proceeding from, or indicating, a quick temper.
Take no unkindness of his hasty words. --Shak.
6. Forward; early; first ripe. [Obs.] ``As the hasty fruit
before the summer.'' --Is. xxviii. 4.
Hasty pudding \Has"ty pud"ding\
1. A thick batter pudding made of Indian meal stirred into
boiling water; mush. [U. S.]
2. A batter or pudding made of flour or oatmeal, stirred into
boiling water or milk. [Eng.]
Hat \Hat\, a.
Hot. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hat \Hat\,
sing. pres. of {Hote} to be called. Cf. {Hatte}. [Obs.]
``That one hat abstinence.'' --Piers Plowman.
Hat \Hat\, n. [AS. h[ae]t, h[ae]tt; akin to Dan. hat, Sw. hatt,
Icel. hattr a hat, h["o]ttr hood, D. hoed hat, G. hut, OHG.
huot, and prob. to L. cassis helmet. ???. Cf.{Hood}.]
A covering for the head; esp., one with a crown and brim,
made of various materials, and worn by men or women for
protecting the head from the sun or weather, or for ornament.
{Hat block}, a block on which hats are formed or dressed.
{To pass around the hat}, to take up a collection of
voluntary contributions, which are often received in a
hat. [Collog.] --Lowell.
Hatable \Hat"a*ble\, a. [From {Hate}.]
Capable of being, or deserving to be, hated; odious;
detestable.
Hatband \Hat"band`\, n.
A band round the crown of a hat; sometimes, a band of black
cloth, crape, etc., worn as a badge of mourning.
Hatbox \Hat"box`\, n.
A box for a hat.
Hatch \Hatch\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hatched}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hatching}.] [F. hacher to chop, hack. See {Hash}.]
1. To cross with lines in a peculiar manner in drawing and
engraving. See {Hatching}.
Shall win this sword, silvered and hatched.
--Chapman.
Those hatching strokes of the pencil. --Dryden.
2. To cross; to spot; to stain; to steep. [Obs.]
His weapon hatched in blood. --Beau. & Fl.
Hatch \Hatch\, v. t. [OE. hacchen, hetchen; akin to G. hecken,
Dan. hekke; cf. MHG. hagen bull; perh. akin to E. hatch a
half door, and orig. meaning, to produce under a hatch. ???.]
1. To produce, as young, from an egg or eggs by incubation,
or by artificial heat; to produce young from (eggs); as,
the young when hatched. --Paley.
As the partridge sitteth on eggs, and hatcheth them
not. --Jer. xvii.
11.
For the hens do not sit upon the eggs; but by
keeping them in a certain equal heat they [the
husbandmen] bring life into them and hatch them.
--Robynson
(More's
Utopia).
2. To contrive or plot; to form by meditation, and bring into
being; to originate and produce; to concoct; as, to hatch
mischief; to hatch heresy. --Hooker.
Fancies hatched In silken-folded idleness.
--Tennyson.
Hatch \Hatch\, v. i.
To produce young; -- said of eggs; to come forth from the
egg; -- said of the young of birds, fishes, insects, etc.
Hatch \Hatch\, n.
1. The act of hatching.
2. Development; disclosure; discovery. --Shak.
3. The chickens produced at once or by one incubation; a
brood.
Hatch \Hatch\, n. [OE. hacche, AS. h[ae]c, cf. haca the bar of a
door, D. hek gate, Sw. h["a]ck coop, rack, Dan. hekke manger,
rack. Prob. akin to E. hook, and first used of something made
of pieces fastened together. Cf. {Heck}, {Hack} a frame.]
1. A door with an opening over it; a half door, sometimes set
with spikes on the upper edge.
In at the window, or else o'er the hatch. --Shak.
2. A frame or weir in a river, for catching fish.
3. A flood gate; a a sluice gate. --Ainsworth.
4. A bedstead. [Scot.] --Sir W. Scott.
5. An opening in the deck of a vessel or floor of a warehouse
which serves as a passageway or hoistway; a hatchway;
also; a cover or door, or one of the covers used in
closing such an opening.
6. (Mining) An opening into, or in search of, a mine.
{Booby hatch}, {Buttery hatch}, {Companion hatch}, etc. See
under {Booby}, {Buttery}, etc.
{To batten down the hatches} (Naut.), to lay tarpaulins over
them, and secure them with battens.
{To be under hatches}, to be confined below in a vessel; to
be under arrest, or in slavery, distress, etc.
Hatch \Hatch\, v. t.
To close with a hatch or hatches.
'T were not amiss to keep our door hatched. --Shak.
Hatch-boat \Hatch"-boat`\, n. (Naut.)
A vessel whose deck consists almost wholly of movable
hatches; -- used mostly in the fisheries.
Hatchel \Hatch"el\ (?; 277), n. [OE. hechele, hekele; akin to D.
hekel, G. hechel, Dan. hegle, Sw. h["a]kla, and prob. to E.
hook. See {Hook}, and cf. {Hackle}, {Heckle}.]
An instrument with long iron teeth set in a board, for
cleansing flax or hemp from the tow, hards, or coarse part; a
kind of large comb; -- called also {hackle} and {heckle}.
Hatchel \Hatch"el\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hatcheled} or
{Hatchelled}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Hatcheling} or {Hatchelling}.]
[OE. hechelen, hekelen; akin to D. hekelen, G. hecheln, Dan.
hegle, Sw. h["a]kla. See {Hatchel}, n.]
1. To draw through the teeth of a hatchel, as flax or hemp,
so as to separate the coarse and refuse parts from the
fine, fibrous parts.
2. To tease; to worry; to torment. [Colloq.]
Hatcheler \Hatch"el*er\, n.
One who uses a hatchel.
Hatcher \Hatch"er\, n.
1. One who hatches, or that which hatches; a hatching
apparatus; an incubator.
2. One who contrives or originates; a plotter.
A great hatcher and breeder of business. --Swift.
Hatchery \Hatch"er*y\, n.
A house for hatching fish, etc.
Hatchet \Hatch"et\, n. [F. hachette, dim. of hache ?. See 1st
{Hatch}, {Hash}.]
1. A small ax with a short handle, to be used with one hand.
2. Specifically, a tomahawk.
Buried was the bloody hatchet. --Longfellow.
{Hatchet face}, a thin, sharp face, like the edge of a
hatchet; hence:
{Hatchet-faced}, sharp-visaged. --Dryden.
{To bury the hatchet}, to make peace or become reconciled.
{To take up the hatchet}, to make or declare war. The last
two phrases are derived from the practice of the American
Indians.
Hatchettine \Hatch"et*tine\, Hatchettite \Hatch"et*tite\, n.
[Named after the discoverer, Charles Hatchett.] (Min.)
Mineral t? low; a waxy or spermaceti-like substance, commonly
of a greenish yellow color.
Hatching \Hatch"ing\, n. [See 1st {Hatch}.]
A mode of execution in engraving, drawing, and miniature
painting, in which shading is produced by lines crossing each
other at angles more or less acute; -- called also
{crosshatching}.
Hatchment \Hatch"ment\, n. [Corrupt. fr. achievement.]
1. (Her.) A sort of panel, upon which the arms of a deceased
person are temporarily displayed, -- usually on the walls
of his dwelling. It is lozenge-shaped or square, but is
hung cornerwise. It is used in England as a means of
giving public notification of the death of the deceased,
his or her rank, whether married, widower, widow, etc.
Called also {achievement}.
His obscure funeral; No trophy, sword, or hatchment
o'er his bones. --Shak.
2. A sword or other mark of the profession of arms; in
general, a mark of dignity.
Let there be deducted, out of our main potation,
Five marks in hatchments to adorn this thigh.
--Beau. & Fl.
Hatchure \Hatch"ure\ (?; 135), n.
Same as {Hachure}.
Hatchway \Hatch"way`\, n.
A square or oblong opening in a deck or floor, affording
passage from one deck or story to another; the entrance to a
cellar.
Hate \Hate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hated}; p. pr. & pr. & vb. n.
{Hating}.] [OE. haten, hatien, AS. hatian; akin to OS. hatan,
hat?n to be hostile to, D. haten to hate, OHG. hazz?n,
hazz?n, G. hassen, Icel. & Sw. hata, Dan. hade, Goth. hatan,
hatian. ???. Cf. {Hate}, n., {Heinous}.]
1. To have a great aversion to, with a strong desire that
evil should befall the person toward whom the feeling is
directed; to dislike intensely; to detest; as, to hate
one's enemies; to hate hypocrisy.
Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer. --1 John
iii. 15.
2. To be very unwilling; followed by an infinitive, or a
substantive clause with that; as, to hate to get into
debt; to hate that anything should be wasted.
I hate that he should linger here. --Tennyson.
3. (Script.) To love less, relatively. --Luke xiv. 26.
Syn: To {Hate}, {Abhor}, {Detest}, {Abominate}, {Loathe}.
Usage: Hate is the generic word, and implies that one is
inflamed with extreme dislike. We abhor what is deeply
repugnant to our sensibilities or feelings. We detest
what contradicts so utterly our principles and moral
sentiments that we feel bound to lift up our voice
against it. What we abominate does equal violence to
our moral and religious sentiments. What we loathe is
offensive to our own nature, and excites unmingled
disgust. Our Savior is said to have hated the deeds of
the Nicolaitanes; his language shows that he loathed
the lukewarmness of the Laodiceans; he detested the
hypocrisy of the scribes and Pharisees; he abhorred
the suggestions of the tempter in the wilderness.
Hate \Hate\, n. [OE. hate, hete, AS. hete; akin to D. haat, G.
hass, Icel. hatr, SW. hat, Dan. had, Goth. hatis. Cf. {Hate},
v.]
Strong aversion coupled with desire that evil should befall
the person toward whom the feeling is directed; as exercised
toward things, intense dislike; hatred; detestation; --
opposed to love.
For in a wink the false love turns to hate. --Tennyson.
Hateful \Hate"ful\, a.
1. Manifesting hate or hatred; malignant; malevolent.
[Archaic or R.]
And worse than death, to view with hateful eyes His
rival's conquest. --Dryden.
2. Exciting or deserving great dislike, aversion, or disgust;
odious.
Unhappy, wretched, hateful day! --Shak.
Syn: Odious; detestable; abominable; execrable; loathsome;
abhorrent; repugnant; malevolent. -- {Hate"ful*ly}, adv.
-- {Hate"ful*ness}, n.
Hatel \Hat"el\, a.
Hateful; detestable. [Obs.]
Hater \Hat"er\, n.
One who hates.
An enemy to God, and a hater of all good. --Sir T.
Browne.
Hath \Hath\, 3d pers. sing. pres. of {Have}, contracted from
haveth.
Has. [Archaic.]
Hatless \Hat"less\, a.
Having no hat.
Hatrack \Hat"rack`\, n.
A hatstand; hattree.
Hatred \Ha"tred\, n. [OE. hatred, hatreden. See {Hate}, and cf.
{Kindred}.]
Strong aversion; intense dislike; hate; an affection of the
mind awakened by something regarded as evil.
Syn: Odium; ill will; enmity; hate; animosity; malevolence;
rancor; malignity; detestation; loathing; abhorrence;
repugnance; antipathy. See {Odium}.
Hatstand \Hat"stand`\, n.
A stand of wood or iron, with hooks or pegs upon which to
hang hats, etc.
Hatte \Hat`te\,
pres. & imp. sing. & pl. of {Hote}, to be called. See {Hote}.
[Obs.] --Chaucer.
A full perilous place, purgatory it hatte. --Piers
Plowman.
Hatted \Hat"ted\, a.
Covered with a hat.
Hatter \Hat"ter\, v. t. [Prov. E., to entangle; cf. LG.
verhaddern, verheddern, verhiddern.]
To tire or worry; -- out. [Obs.] --Dryden.
Hatter \Hat"ter\, n.
One who makes or sells hats.
Hatteria \Hat*te"ri*a\, n. [NL.] (Zo["o]l.)
A New Zealand lizard, which, in anatomical character, differs
widely from all other existing lizards. It is the only living
representative of the order Rhynchocephala, of which many
Mesozoic fossil species are known; -- called also
{Sphenodon}, and {Tuatera}.
Hatting \Hat"ting\, n.
The business of making hats; also, stuff for hats.
Hatti-sherif \Hat"ti-sher`if\, n. [Turk., fr. Ar. knatt a
writing + sher[=i]f noble.]
A irrevocable Turkish decree countersigned by the sultan.
Hattree \Hat"tree`\, n.
A hatstand.
Haubergeon \Hau*ber"ge*on\, n.
See {Habergeon}.
Hauberk \Hau"berk\, n. [OF. hauberc, halberc, F. haubert, OHG.
halsberc; hals neck + bergan to protect, G. bergen; akin to
AS. healsbeorg, Icel. h[=a]lsbj["o]rg. See {Collar}, and
{Bury}, v. t.]
A coat of mail; especially, the long coat of mail of the
European Middle Ages, as contrasted with the habergeon, which
is shorter and sometimes sleeveless. By old writers it is
often used synonymously with habergeon. See {Habergeon}.
[Written variously {hauberg}, {hauberque}, {hawberk}, etc.]
--Chaucer.
Helm, nor hawberk's twisted mail. --Gray.
Hauerite \Hau"er*ite\, n. [Named after Von Hauer, of Vienna.]
(Min.)
Native sulphide of manganese a reddish brown or brownish
black mineral.
Haugh \Haugh\, n. [See {Haw} a hedge.]
A low-lying meadow by the side of a river. [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]
On a haugh or level plain, near to a royal borough.
--Sir W.
Scott.
Haught \Haught\, a. [See {Haughty}.]
High; elevated; hence, haughty; proud. [Obs.] --Shak.
Haughtily \Haugh"ti*ly\, adv. [From {Haughty}.]
In a haughty manner; arrogantly.
Haughtiness \Haugh"ti*ness\, n. [For hauteinness. See
{Haughty}.]
The quality of being haughty; disdain; arrogance.
Syn: Arrogance; disdain; contemptuousness; superciliousness;
loftiness.
Usage: {Haughtiness}, {Arrogance}, {Disdain}. Haughtiness
denotes the expression of conscious and proud
superiority; arrogance is a disposition to claim for
one's self more than is justly due, and enforce it to
the utmost; disdain in the exact reverse of
condescension toward inferiors, since it expresses and
desires others to feel how far below ourselves we
consider them. A person is haughty in disposition and
demeanor; arrogant in his claims of homage and
deference; disdainful even in accepting the deference
which his haughtiness leads him arrogantly to exact.
Haughty \Haugh"ty\, a. [Compar. {Haughtier}; superl.
{Haughtiest}.] [OE. hautein, F. hautain, fr. haut high, OF.
also halt, fr. L. altus. See {Altitude}.]
1. High; lofty; bold. [Obs. or Archaic]
To measure the most haughty mountain's height.
--Spenser.
Equal unto this haughty enterprise. --Spenser
2. Disdainfully or contemptuously proud; arrogant;
overbearing.
A woman of a haughty and imperious nature.
--Clarendon.
3. Indicating haughtiness; as, a haughty carriage.
Satan, with vast and haughty strides advanced, Came
towering. --Milton.
Haul \Haul\ (h[add]l), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hauled} (h[add]ld);
p. pr. & vb. n. {Hauling}.] [OE. halen, halien, F. haler, of
German or Scand. origin; akin to AS. geholian to acquire,
get, D. halen to fetch, pull, draw, OHG. hol[=o]n, hal[=o]n,
G. holen, Dan. hale to haul, Sw. hala, and to L. calare to
call, summon, Gr. kalei^n to call. Cf. {Hale}, v. t.,
{Claim}. {Class}, {Council}, {Ecclesiastic}.]
1. To pull or draw with force; to drag.
Some dance, some haul the rope. --Denham.
Thither they bent, and hauled their ships to land.
--Pope.
Romp-loving miss Is hauled about in gallantry
robust. --Thomson.
2. To transport by drawing, as with horses or oxen; as, to
haul logs to a sawmill.
When I was seven or eight years of age, I began
hauling all the wood used in the house and shops.
--U. S. Grant.
{To haul over the coals}. See under {Coal}.
{To haul the wind} (Naut.), to turn the head of the ship
nearer to the point from which the wind blows.
Haul \Haul\, v. i.
1. (Naut.) To change the direction of a ship by hauling the
wind. See under {Haul}, v. t.
I . . . hauled up for it, and found it to be an
island. --Cook.
2. To pull apart, as oxen sometimes do when yoked.
{To haul around} (Naut.), to shift to any point of the
compass; -- said of the wind.
{To haul off} (Naut.), to sail closer to the wind, in order
to get farther away from anything; hence, to withdraw; to
draw back.
Haul \Haul\, n.
1. A pulling with force; a violent pull.
2. A single draught of a net; as, to catch a hundred fish at
a haul.
3. That which is caught, taken, or gained at once, as by
hauling a net.
4. Transportation by hauling; the distance through which
anything is hauled, as freight in a railroad car; as, a
long haul or short haul.
5. (Rope Making) A bundle of about four hundred threads, to
be tarred.
Haulage \Haul"age\, n.
Act of hauling; as, the haulage of cars by an engine; charge
for hauling.
Hauler \Haul"er\, n.
One who hauls.
Haulm \Haulm\, n. [OE. halm, AS. healm; akin to D., G., Dan., &
Sw. halm, Icel. h[=a]lmr, L. calamus reed, cane, stalk, Gr.
?. Cf. {Excel}, {Culminate}, {Culm}, {Shawm}, {Calamus}.]
The denuded stems or stalks of such crops as buckwheat and
the cereal grains, beans, etc.; straw.
Haulm \Haulm\, n.
A part of a harness; a hame.
Hauls \Hauls\, n. [Obs.]
See {Hals}.
Haulse \Haulse\, v. [Obs.]
See {Halse}.
Hault \Hault\, a. [OF. hault, F. haut. See {Haughty}.]
Lofty; haughty. [Obs.]
Through support of countenance proud and hault.
--Spenser.
Haum \Haum\, n.
See {Haulm}, stalk. --Smart.
Haunce \Haunce\, v. t.
To enhance. [Obs.] --Lydgate.
Haunch \Haunch\ (?; 277), n. [F. hanche, of German origin; cf.
OD. hancke, hencke, and also OHG. ancha; prob. not akin to E.
ankle.]
1. The hip; the projecting region of the lateral parts of the
pelvis and the hip joint; the hind part.
2. Of meats: The leg and loin taken together; as, a haunch of
venison.
{Haunch bone}. See {Innominate bone}, under {Innominate}.
{Haunches of an arch} (Arch.), the parts on each side of the
crown of an arch. (See {Crown}, n., 11.) Each haunch may
be considered as from one half to two thirds of the half
arch.
Haunched \Haunched\, a.
Having haunches.
Haunt \Haunt\ (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Haunted}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Haunting}.] [F. hanter; of uncertain origin, perh.
from an assumed LL. ambitare to go about, fr. L. ambire (see
{Ambition}); or cf. Icel. heimta to demand, regain, akin to
heim home (see {Home}). [root]36.]
1. To frequent; to resort to frequently; to visit
pertinaciously or intrusively; to intrude upon.
You wrong me, sir, thus still to haunt my house.
--Shak.
Those cares that haunt the court and town. --Swift.
2. To inhabit or frequent as a specter; to visit as a ghost
or apparition.
Foul spirits haunt my resting place. --Fairfax.
3. To practice; to devote one's self to. [Obs.]
That other merchandise that men haunt with fraud . .
. is cursed. --Chaucer.
Leave honest pleasure, and haunt no good pastime.
--Ascham.
4. To accustom; to habituate. [Obs.]
Haunt thyself to pity. --Wyclif.
Haunt \Haunt\, v. i.
To persist in staying or visiting.
I've charged thee not to haunt about my doors. --Shak.
Haunt \Haunt\, n.
1. A place to which one frequently resorts; as, drinking
saloons are the haunts of tipplers; a den is the haunt of
wild beasts.
Note: In Old English the place occupied by any one as a
dwelling or in his business was called a haunt.
Note: Often used figuratively.
The household nook, The haunt of all affections
pure. --Keble.
The feeble soul, a haunt of fears. --Tennyson.
2. The habit of resorting to a place. [Obs.]
The haunt you have got about the courts.
--Arbuthnot.
3. Practice; skill. [Obs.]
Of clothmaking she hadde such an haunt. --Chaucer.
Haunted \Haunt"ed\, a.
Inhabited by, or subject to the visits of, apparitions;
frequented by a ghost.
All houses wherein men have lived and died Are haunted
houses. --Longfellow.
Haunter \Haunt"er\, n.
One who, or that which, haunts.
Haurient \Hau"ri*ent\, a. [L. hauriens, p. pr. of haurire to
breathe.] (Her.)
In pale, with the head in chief; -- said of the figure of a
fish, as if rising for air.
Hausen \Hau"sen\, n. [G.] (Zo["o]l.)
A large sturgeon ({Acipenser huso}) from the region of the
Black Sea. It is sometimes twelve feet long.
Hausse \Hausse\, n. [F.] (Gun.)
A kind of graduated breech sight for a small arm, or a
cannon.
Haustellata \Haus`tel*la"ta\, n. pl. [NL., fr. haustellum, fr.
L. haurire, haustum, to draw water, to swallow. See
{Exhaust}.] (Zo["o]l.)
An artificial division of insects, including all those with a
sucking proboscis.
Haustellate \Haus"tel*late\, a. [See {Haustellata}.] (Zo["o]l.)
Provided with a haustellum, or sucking proboscis. -- n. One
of the Haustellata.
Haustellum \Haus*tel"lum\, n.; pl. {Haustella}. [NL.] (Zo["o]l.)
The sucking proboscis of various insects. See {Lepidoptera},
and {Diptera}.
Haustorium \Haus*to"ri*um\, n.; pl. {Haustoria}. [LL., a well,
fr. L. haurire, haustum, to drink.] (Bot.)
One of the suckerlike rootlets of such plants as the dodder
and ivy. --R. Brown.
Haut \Haut\, a. [F. See {Haughty}.]
Haughty. [Obs.] ``Nations proud and haut.'' --Milton.
Hautboy \Haut"boy\, n. [F. hautbois, lit., high wood; haut high
+ bois wood. So called on account of its high tone. See
{Haughty}, {Bush}; and cf. {Oboe}.]
1. (Mus.) A wind instrument, sounded through a reed, and
similar in shape to the clarinet, but with a thinner tone.
Now more commonly called {oboe}. See Illust. of {Oboe}.
2. (Bot.) A sort of strawberry ({Fragaria elatior}).
Hautboyist \Haut"boy*ist\ (-[i^]st), n. [Cf. F. hautbo["i]ste.]
A player on the hautboy.
Hautein \Hau"tein\, a. [See {Haughty}.]
1. Haughty; proud. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
2. High; -- said of the voice or flight of birds. [Obs.]
Hauteur \Hau`teur"\, n. [F., fr. haut high. See {Haughty}.]
Haughty manner or spirit; haughtiness; pride; arrogance.
Hautgout \Haut`go[^u]t"\, n. [F.]
High relish or flavor; high seasoning.
Hautpas \Haut`pas"\, n. [F. haut high + pas step.]
A raised part of the floor of a large room; a platform for a
raised table or throne. See {Dais}.
Hauynite \Ha"["u]y*nite\, n. [From the French mineralogist
Ha["u]y.] (Min.)
A blue isometric mineral, characteristic of some volcani?
rocks. It is a silicate of alumina, lime, and soda, with
sulphate of lime.
Havana \Ha*van"a\, a.
Of or pertaining to Havana, the capital of the island of
Cuba; as, an Havana cigar; -- formerly sometimes written
{Havannah}. -- n. An Havana cigar.
Young Frank Clavering stole his father's Havannahs, and
. . . smoked them in the stable. --Thackeray.
Havanese \Hav`an*ese"\, a.
Of or pertaining to Havana, in Cuba. -- n. sing. & pl. A
native or inhabitant, or the people, of Havana.
Have \Have\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Had}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Having}. Indic. present, I {have}, thou {hast}, he {has};
we, ye, they {have}.] [OE. haven, habben, AS. habben (imperf.
h[ae]fde, p. p. geh[ae]fd); akin to OS. hebbian, D. hebben,
OFries, hebba, OHG. hab?n, G. haben, Icel. hafa, Sw. hafva,
Dan. have, Goth. haban, and prob. to L. habere, whence F.
avoir. Cf. {Able}, {Avoirdupois}, {Binnacle}, {Habit}.]
1. To hold in possession or control; to own; as, he has a
farm.
2. To possess, as something which appertains to, is connected
with, or affects, one.
The earth hath bubbles, as the water has. --Shak.
He had a fever late. --Keats.
3. To accept possession of; to take or accept.
Break thy mind to me in broken English; wilt thou
have me? --Shak.
4. To get possession of; to obtain; to get. --Shak.
5. To cause or procure to be; to effect; to exact; to desire;
to require.
It had the church accurately described to me. --Sir
W. Scott.
Wouldst thou have me turn traitor also? --Ld.
Lytton.
6. To bear, as young; as, she has just had a child.
7. To hold, regard, or esteem.
Of them shall I be had in honor. --2 Sam. vi.
22.
8. To cause or force to go; to take. ``The stars have us to
bed.'' --Herbert. ``Have out all men from me.'' --2 Sam.
xiii. 9.
9. To take or hold (one's self); to proceed promptly; -- used
reflexively, often with ellipsis of the pronoun; as, to
have after one; to have at one or at a thing, i. e., to
aim at one or at a thing; to attack; to have with a
companion. --Shak.
10. To be under necessity or obligation; to be compelled;
followed by an infinitive.
Science has, and will long have, to be a divider
and a separatist. --M. Arnold.
The laws of philology have to be established by
external comparison and induction. --Earle.
11. To understand.
You have me, have you not? --Shak.
12. To put in an awkward position; to have the advantage of;
as, that is where he had him. [Slang]
Note: Have, as an auxiliary verb, is used with the past
participle to form preterit tenses; as, I have loved; I
shall have eaten. Originally it was used only with the
participle of transitive verbs, and denoted the
possession of the object in the state indicated by the
participle; as, I have conquered him, I have or hold
him in a conquered state; but it has long since lost
this independent significance, and is used with the
participles both of transitive and intransitive verbs
as a device for expressing past time. Had is used,
especially in poetry, for would have or should have.
Myself for such a face had boldly died.
--Tennyson.
{To have a care}, to take care; to be on one's guard.
{To have (a man) out}, to engage (one) in a duel.
{To have done} (with). See under Do, v. i.
{To have it out}, to speak freely; to bring an affair to a
conclusion.
{To have on}, to wear.
{To have to do with}. See under Do, v. t.
Syn: To possess; to own. See {Possess}.
Haveless \Have"less\, a.
Having little or nothing. [Obs.] --Gower.
Havelock \Hav"e*lock\, n. [From Havelock, an English general
distinguished in India in the rebellion of 1857.]
A light cloth covering for the head and neck, used by
soldiers as a protection from sunstroke.
Haven \Ha"ven\, n. [AS. h[ae]fene; akin to D. & LG. haven, G.
hafen, MNG. habe, Dan. havn, Icel. h["o]fn, Sw. hamn; akin to
E. have, and hence orig., a holder; or to heave (see
{Heave}); or akin to AS. h[ae]f sea, Icel. & Sw. haf, Dan.
hav, which is perh. akin to E. heave.]
1. A bay, recess, or inlet of the sea, or the mouth of a
river, which affords anchorage and shelter for shipping; a
harbor; a port.
What shipping and what lading's in our haven.
--Shak.
Their haven under the hill. --Tennyson.
2. A place of safety; a shelter; an asylum. --Shak.
The haven, or the rock of love. --Waller.
Haven \Ha"ven\, v. t.
To shelter, as in a haven. --Keats.
Havenage \Ha"ven*age\, n.
Harbor dues; port dues.
Havened \Ha"vened\, p. a.
Sheltered in a haven.
Blissful havened both from joy and pain. --Keats.
Havener \Ha"ven*er\, n.
A harbor master. [Obs.]
Haver \Ha"ver\, n.
A possessor; a holder. --Shak.
Haver \Hav"er\, n. [D. haver; akin to G. haber.]
The oat; oats. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
{Haver bread}, oaten bread.
{Haver cake}, oaten cake. --Piers Plowman.
{Haver grass}, the wild oat.
{Haver meal}, oatmeal.
Haver \Ha"ver\, v. i. [Etymol. uncertain.]
To maunder; to talk foolishly; to chatter. [Scot.] --Sir W.
Scott.
Haversack \Hav"er*sack\, n. [F. havresac, G. habersack, sack for
oats. See 2d {Haver}, and {Sack} a bag.]
1. A bag for oats or oatmeal. [Prov. Eng.]
2. A bag or case, usually of stout cloth, in which a soldier
carries his rations when on a march; -- distinguished from
knapsack.
3. A gunner's case or bag used carry cartridges from the
ammunition chest to the piece in loading.
Haversian \Ha*ver"sian\, a.
Pertaining to, or discovered by, Clopton Havers, an English
physician of the seventeenth century.
{Haversian canals} (Anat.), the small canals through which
the blood vessels ramify in bone.
Havildar \Hav`il*dar"\, n.
In the British Indian armies, a noncommissioned officer of
native soldiers, corresponding to a sergeant.
{Havildar major}, a native sergeant major in the East Indian
army.
Having \Hav"ing\, n.
Possession; goods; estate.
I 'll lend you something; my having is not much.
--Shak.
Havior \Hav"ior\, n. [OE. havour, a corruption of OF. aveir,
avoir, a having, of same origin as E. aver a work horse. The
h is due to confusion with E. have.]
Behavior; demeanor. [Obs.] --Shak.
Havoc \Hav"oc\, n. [W. hafog devastation, havoc; or, if this be
itself fr. E. havoc, cf. OE. havot, or AS. hafoc hawk, which
is a cruel or rapacious bird, or F. hai, voux! a cry to
hounds.]
Wide and general destruction; devastation; waste.
As for Saul, he made havoc of the church. --Acts viii.
3.
Ye gods, what havoc does ambition make Among your
works! --Addison.
Havoc \Hav"oc\, v. t.
To devastate; to destroy; to lay waste.
To waste and havoc yonder world. --Milton.
Havoc \Hav"oc\, interj. [See {Havoc}, n.]
A cry in war as the signal for indiscriminate slaughter.
--Toone.
Do not cry havoc, where you should but hunt With modest
warrant. --Shak.
Cry 'havoc,' and let slip the dogs of war! --Shak.
Haw \Haw\, n. [OE. hawe, AS. haga; akin to D. haag headge, G.
hag, hecke, Icel. hagi pasture, Sw. hage, Dan. have garden.
???. Cf. {Haggard}, {Ha-ha}, {Haugh}, {Hedge}.]
1. A hedge; an inclosed garden or yard.
And eke there was a polecat in his haw. --Chaucer.
2. The fruit of the hawthorn. --Bacon.
Haw \Haw\, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Anat.)
The third eyelid, or nictitating membrane. See {Nictitating
membrane}, under {Nictitate}.
Haw \Haw\, n. [Cf. ha an interjection of wonder, surprise, or
hesitation.]
An intermission or hesitation of speech, with a sound
somewhat like haw! also, the sound so made. ``Hums or haws.''
--Congreve.
Haw \Haw\, v. i.
To stop, in speaking, with a sound like haw; to speak with
interruption and hesitation.
Cut it short; don't prose -- don't hum and haw.
--Chesterfield.
Haw \Haw\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hawed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hawing}.] [Written also hoi.] [Perhaps connected with here,
hither; cf., however, F. huhau, hue, interj. used in turning
a horse to the right, G. hott, h["u], interj. used in calling
to a horse.]
To turn to the near side, or toward the driver; -- said of
cattle or a team: a word used by teamsters in guiding their
teams, and most frequently in the imperative. See {Gee}.
{To haw and gee}, or {To haw and gee about}, to go from one
thing to another without good reason; to have no settled
purpose; to be irresolute or unstable. [Colloq.]
Haw \Haw\, v. t.
To cause to turn, as a team, to the near side, or toward the
driver; as, to haw a team of oxen.
{To haw and gee}, or {To haw and gee about}, to lead this way
and that at will; to lead by the nose; to master or
control. [Colloq.]
Hawaiian \Ha*wai"ian\, a.
Belonging to Hawaii or the Sandwich Islands, or to the people
of Hawaii. -- n. A native of Hawaii.
Hawebake \Hawe"bake`\, n.
Probably, the baked berry of the hawthorn tree, that is,
coarse fare. See 1st {Haw}, 2. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hawfinch \Haw"finch`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The common European grosbeak ({Coccothraustes vulgaris}); --
called also {cherry finch}, and {coble}.
Haw-haw \Haw-haw"\, n. [Duplication of haw a hedge.]
See {Ha-ha}.
Hawhaw \Haw*haw"\, v. i. [Of imitative origin.]
To laugh boisterously. [Colloq. U. S.]
We haw-haw'd, I tell you, for more than half an hour.
--Major Jack
Downing.
Hawk \Hawk\, n. [OE. hauk (prob. fr. Icel.), havek, AS. hafoc,
heafoc; akin to D. havik, OHG. habuh, G. habicht, Icel.
haukr, Sw. h["o]k, Dan. h["o]g, prob. from the root of E.
heave.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of numerous species and genera of rapacious birds of the
family {Falconid[ae]}. They differ from the true falcons in
lacking the prominent tooth and notch of the bill, and in
having shorter and less pointed wings. Many are of large size
and grade into the eagles. Some, as the goshawk, were
formerly trained like falcons. In a more general sense the
word is not infrequently applied, also, to true falcons, as
the sparrow hawk, pigeon hawk, duck hawk, and prairie hawk.
Note: Among the common American species are the red-tailed
hawk ({Buteo borealis}); the red-shouldered ({B.
lineatus}); the broad-winged ({B. Pennsylvanicus}); the
rough-legged ({Archibuteo lagopus}); the sharp-shinned
{Accipiter fuscus}). See {Fishhawk}, {Goshawk}, {Marsh
hawk}, under {Marsh}, {Night hawk}, under {Night}.
{Bee hawk} (Zo["o]l.), the honey buzzard.
{Eagle hawk}. See under {Eagle}.
{Hawk eagle} (Zo["o]l.), an Asiatic bird of the genus
{Spiz[ae]tus}, or {Limn[ae]tus}, intermediate between the
hawks and eagles. There are several species.
{Hawk fly} (Zo["o]l.), a voracious fly of the family
{Asilid[ae]}. See {Hornet fly}, under {Hornet}.
{Hawk moth}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Hawk moth}, in the Vocabulary.
{Hawk owl}. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) A northern owl ({Surnia ulula}) of Europe and America. It
flies by day, and in some respects resembles the hawks.
(b) An owl of India ({Ninox scutellatus}).
{Hawk's bill} (Horology), the pawl for the rack, in the
striking mechanism of a clock.
Hawk \Hawk\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hawked}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hawking}.]
1. To catch, or attempt to catch, birds by means of hawks
trained for the purpose, and let loose on the prey; to
practice falconry.
A falconer Henry is, when Emma hawks. --Prior.
2. To make an attack while on the wing; to soar and strike
like a hawk; -- generally with at; as, to hawk at flies.
--Dryden.
A falcon, towering in her pride of place, Was by a
mousing owl hawked at and killed. --Shak.
Hawk \Hawk\, v. i. [W. hochi.]
To clear the throat with an audible sound by forcing an
expiratory current of air through the narrow passage between
the depressed soft palate and the root of the tongue, thus
aiding in the removal of foreign substances.
Hawk \Hawk\, v. t.
To raise by hawking, as phlegm.
Hawk \Hawk\, n. [W. hoch.]
An effort to force up phlegm from the throat, accompanied
with noise.
Hawk \Hawk\, v. t. [Akin to D. hauker a hawker, G. h["o]ken,
h["o]cken, to higgle, to retail, h["o]ke, h["o]ker, a
higgler, huckster. See {Huckster}.]
To offer for sale by outcry in the street; to carry
(merchandise) about from place to place for sale; to peddle;
as, to hawk goods or pamphlets.
His works were hawked in every street. --Swift.
Hawk \Hawk\, n. (Masonry)
A small board, with a handle on the under side, to hold
mortar.
{Hawk boy}, an attendant on a plasterer to supply him with
mortar.
Hawkbill \Hawk"bill`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A sea turtle ({Eretmochelys imbricata}), which yields the
best quality of tortoise shell; -- called also {caret}.
Hawkbit \Hawk"bit`\, n. (Bot.)
The fall dandelion ({Leontodon autumnale}).
Hawked \Hawked\, a.
Curved like a hawk's bill; crooked.
Hawker \Hawk"er\, n.
One who sells wares by crying them in the street; hence, a
peddler or a packman.
Hawker \Hawk"er\, v. i.
To sell goods by outcry in the street. [Obs.] --Hudibras.
Hawker \Hawk"er\, n. [Cf. AS. hafecere. See 1st {Hawk}.]
A falconer.
Hawkey \Hawk"ey\, n.
See {Hockey}. --Holloway.
Hawk-eyed \Hawk"-eyed`\, a.
Having a keen eye; sharpsighted; discerning.
Hawk moth \Hawk" moth`\ (?; 115). (Zo["o]l.)
Any moth of the family {Sphingid[ae]}, of which there are
numerous genera and species. They are large, handsome moths,
which fly mostly at twilight and hover about flowers like a
humming bird, sucking the honey by means of a long, slender
proboscis. The larv[ae] are large, hairless caterpillars
ornamented with green and other bright colors, and often with
a caudal spine. See {Sphinx}, also {Tobacco worm}, and
{Tomato worm}. Tobacco Hawk Moth ({Macrosila Carolina}), and
its Larva, the Tobacco Worm.
Note: The larv[ae] of several species of hawk moths feed on
grapevines. The elm-tree hawk moth is {Ceratomia
Amyntor}.
Hawkweed \Hawk"weed`\ (-w[=e]d`), n. (Bot.)
(a) A plant of the genus {Hieracium}; -- so called from the
ancient belief that birds of prey used its juice to
strengthen their vision.
(b) A plant of the genus {Senecio} ({S. hieracifolius}).
--Loudon.
Hawm \Hawm\ (h[add]m), n.
See {Haulm}, straw.
Hawm \Hawm\, v. i. [Etymol. uncertain.]
To lounge; to loiter. [Prov. Eng.] --Tennyson.
Hawse \Hawse\ (h[add]z or h[add]s; 277), n. [Orig. a hawse hole,
or hole in the ship; cf. Icel. hals, h[=a]ls, neck, part of
the bows of a ship, AS. heals neck. See {Collar}, and cf.
{Halse} to embrace.]
1. A hawse hole. --Harris.
2. (Naut.)
(a) The situation of the cables when a vessel is moored
with two anchors, one on the starboard, the other on
the port bow.
(b) The distance ahead to which the cables usually extend;
as, the ship has a clear or open hawse, or a foul
hawse; to anchor in our hawse, or athwart hawse.
(c) That part of a vessel's bow in which are the hawse
holes for the cables.
{Athwart hawse}. See under {Athwart}.
{Foul hawse}, a hawse in which the cables cross each other,
or are twisted together.
{Hawse block}, a block used to stop up a hawse hole at sea;
-- called also {hawse plug}.
{Hawse hole}, a hole in the bow of a ship, through which a
cable passes.
{Hawse piece}, one of the foremost timbers of a ship, through
which the hawse hole is cut.
{Hawse plug}. Same as {Hawse block} (above).
{To come in at the hawse holes}, to enter the naval service
at the lowest grade. [Cant]
{To freshen the hawse}, to veer out a little more cable and
bring the chafe and strain on another part.
Hawser \Haws"er\, n. [From F. hausser to ?ft, raise (cf. OF.
hausser['e]e towpath, towing, F. haussi[`e]re hawser), LL.
altiare, fr. L. altus high. See {Haughty}.]
A large rope made of three strands each containing many
yarns.
Note: Three hawsers twisted together make a cable; but it
nautical usage the distinction between cable and hawser
is often one of size rather than of manufacture.
{Hawser iron}, a calking iron.
Hawser-laid \Haws"er-laid`\, a.
Made in the manner of a hawser. Cf. {Cable-laid}, and see
Illust. of {Cordage}.
Hawthorn \Haw"thorn`\, n. [AS. hagaborn, h[ae]g?orn. See {Haw} a
hedge, and {Thorn}.] (Bot.)
A thorny shrub or tree (the Crat[ae]gus oxyacantha), having
deeply lobed, shining leaves, small, roselike, fragrant
flowers, and a fruit called haw. It is much used in Europe
for hedges, and for standards in gardens. The American
hawthorn is Crat[ae]gus cordata, which has the leaves but
little lobed.
Gives not the hawthorn bush a sweeter shade To
shepherds? --Shak.
Hay \Hay\, n. [AS. hege: cf. F. haie, of German origin. See
{Haw} a hedge, {Hedge}.]
1. A hedge. [Obs.]
2. A net set around the haunt of an animal, especially of a
rabbit. --Rowe.
{To dance the hay}, to dance in a ring. --Shak.
Hay \Hay\, v. i.
To lay snares for rabbits. --Huloet.
Hay \Hay\, n. [OE. hei, AS. h?g; akin to D. kooi, OHG. hewi,
houwi, G. heu, Dan. & Sw. h["o], Icel. hey, ha, Goth. hawi
grass, fr. the root of E. hew. See {Hew to cut}. ]
Grass cut and cured for fodder.
Make hay while the sun shines. --Camden.
Hay may be dried too much as well as too little. --C.
L. Flint.
{Hay cap}, a canvas covering for a haycock.
{Hay fever} (Med.), nasal catarrh accompanied with fever, and
sometimes with paroxysms of dyspn[oe]a, to which some
persons are subject in the spring and summer seasons. It
has been attributed to the effluvium from hay, and to the
pollen of certain plants. It is also called {hay asthma},
{hay cold}, and {rose fever}.
{Hay knife}, a sharp instrument used in cutting hay out of a
stack or mow.
{Hay press}, a press for baling loose hay.
{Hay tea}, the juice of hay extracted by boiling, used as
food for cattle, etc.
{Hay tedder}, a machine for spreading and turning newmown
hay. See {Tedder}.
Hay \Hay\, v. i.
To cut and cure grass for hay.
Haybird \Hay"bird`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The European spotted flycatcher.
(b) The European blackcap.
Haybote \Hay"bote`\, n. [See {Hay} hedge, and {Bote}, and cf.
{Hedgebote}.] (Eng. Law.)
An allowance of wood to a tenant for repairing his hedges or
fences; hedgebote. See {Bote}. --Blackstone.
Haycock \Hay"cock`\, n.
A conical pile or hear of hay in the field.
The tanned haycock in the mead. --Milton.
Hay-cutter \Hay"-cut`ter\, n.
A machine in which hay is chopped short, as fodder for
cattle.
Hayfield \Hay"field`\, n.
A field where grass for hay has been cut; a meadow. --Cowper.
Hayfork \Hay"fork`\, n.
A fork for pitching and tedding hay.
{Horse hayfork}, a contrivance for unloading hay from the
cart and depositing it in the loft, or on a mow, by horse
power.
Hayloft \Hay"loft`\ (?; 115), n.
A loft or scaffold for hay.
Haymaker \Hay"mak`er\, n.
1. One who cuts and cures hay.
2. A machine for curing hay in rainy weather.
Haymaking \Hay"mak`ing\, n.
The operation or work of cutting grass and curing it for hay.
Haymow \Hay"mow`\, n.
1. A mow or mass of hay laid up in a barn for preservation.
2. The place in a barn where hay is deposited.
Hayrack \Hay"rack`\, n.
A frame mounted on the running gear of a wagon, and used in
hauling hay, straw, sheaves, etc.; -- called also {hay
rigging}.
Hayrake \Hay"rake`\, n.
A rake for collecting hay; especially, a large rake drawn by
a horse or horses.
Hayrick \Hay"rick\, n.
A heap or pile of hay, usually covered with thatch for
preservation in the open air.
Haystack \Hay"stack`\, n.
A stack or conical pile of hay in the open air.
Haystalk \Hay"stalk`\, n.
A stalk of hay.
Haythorn \Hay"thorn`\, n.
Hawthorn. --R. Scot.
Haytian \Hay"ti*an\, a.
Of pertaining to Hayti. -- n. A native of Hayti. [Written
also {Haitian}.]
Hayward \Hay"ward\, n. [Hay a hedge + ward.]
An officer who is appointed to guard hedges, and to keep
cattle from breaking or cropping them, and whose further duty
it is to impound animals found running at large.
Hazard \Haz"ard\, n. [F. hazard, Sp. azar an unforeseen disaster
or accident, an unfortunate card or throw at dice, prob. fr.
Ar. zahr, z[=a]r, a die, which, with the article al the,
would give azzahr, azz[=a]r.]
1. A game of chance played with dice. --Chaucer.
2. The uncertain result of throwing a die; hence, a
fortuitous event; chance; accident; casualty.
I will stand the hazard of the die. --Shak.
3. Risk; danger; peril; as, he encountered the enemy at the
hazard of his reputation and life.
Men are led on from one stage of life to another in
a condition of the utmost hazard. --Rogers
4. (Billiards?) Holing a ball, whether the object ball
(winning hazard) or the player's ball (losing hazard).
5. Anything that is hazarded or risked, as the stakes in
gaming. ``Your latter hazard.'' --Shak.
{Hazard table}, a a table on which hazard is played, or any
game of chance for stakes.
{To ru? the hazard}, to take the chance or risk.
Syn: Danger; risk; chance. See {Danger}.
Hazard \Haz"ard\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hazarded}; p. pr. & vb. ?
{Hazarding}.] [Cf. F. hazarder. See Hazard, n.]
1. To expose to the operation of chance; to put in danger of
loss or injury; to venture; to risk.
Men hazard nothing by a course of evangelical
obedience. --John Clarke.
He hazards his neck to the halter. --Fuller.
2. To venture to incur, or bring on.
I hazarded the loss of whom I loved. --Shak.
They hazard to cut their feet. --Landor.
Syn: To venture; risk; jeopard; peril; endanger.
Hazard \Haz"ard\, v. i.
To try the chance; to encounter risk or danger. --Shak.
Hazardable \Haz"ard*a*ble\, a.
1. Liable to hazard or chance; uncertain; risky. --Sir T.
Browne.
2. Such as can be hazarded or risked.
Hazarder \Haz"ard*er\, n.
1. A player at the game of hazard; a gamester. [Obs.]
--Chaucer.
2. One who hazards or ventures.
Hazardize \Haz"ard*ize\, n.
A hazardous attempt or situation; hazard. [Obs.]
Herself had run into that hazardize. --Spenser.
Hazardous \Haz"ard*ous\, a. [Cf. F. hasardeux.]
Exposed to hazard; dangerous; risky.
To enterprise so hazardous and high! --Milton.
Syn: Perilous; dangerous; bold; daring; adventurous;
venturesome; precarious; uncertain. -- {Haz"ard*ous*ly},
adv. -- {Haz"ard*ous*ness}, n.
Hazardry \Haz"ard*ry\, n.
1. Playing at hazard; gaming; gambling. [R.] --Chaucer.
2. Rashness; temerity. [R.] --Spenser.
Haze \Haze\, n. [Cf. Icel. h["o]ss gray; akin to AS. hasu,
heasu, gray; or Armor. a['e]zen, ['e]zen, warm vapor,
exhalation, zephyr.]
Light vapor or smoke in the air which more or less impedes
vision, with little or no dampness; a lack of transparency in
the air; hence, figuratively, obscurity; dimness.
O'er the sky The silvery haze of summer drawn.
--Tennyson.
Above the world's uncertain haze. --Keble.
Haze \Haze\, v. i.
To be hazy, or tick with haze. --Ray.
Haze \Haze\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hazed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hazing}.] [Also {haze}.] [Cf. Sw. haza to hamstring, fr. has
hough, OD. h[ae]ssen ham.]
1. To harass by exacting unnecessary, disagreeable, or
difficult work.
2. To harass or annoy by playing abusive or shameful tricks
upon; to humiliate by practical jokes; -- used esp. of
college students; as, the sophomores hazed a freshman.
Hazel \Ha"zel\, n. [OE. hasel, AS. h[ae]sel; akin to D.
hazelaar, G. hazel, OHG. hasal, hasala, Icel. hasl, Dan & Sw.
hassel, L. corylus, for cosylus.]
1. (Bot.) A shrub or small tree of the genus {Corylus}, as
the {C. avellana}, bearing a nut containing a kernel of a
mild, farinaceous taste; the filbert. The American species
are {C. Americana}, which produces the common hazelnut,
and {C. rostrata}. See {Filbert}. --Gray.
2. A miner's name for freestone. --Raymond.
{Hazel earth}, soil suitable for the hazel; a fertile loam.
{Hazel grouse} (Zo["o]l.), a European grouse ({Bonasa
betulina}), allied to the American ruffed grouse.
{Hazel hoe}, a kind of grub hoe.
{Witch hazel}. See {Witch-hazel}, and {Hamamelis}.
Hazel \Ha"zel\, a.
1. Consisting of hazels, or of the wood of the hazel;
pertaining to, or derived from, the hazel; as, a hazel
wand.
I sit me down beside the hazel grove. --Keble.
2. Of a light brown color, like the hazelnut. ``Thou hast
hazel eyes.'' --Shak.
Hazeless \Haze"less\, a.
Destitute of haze. --Tyndall.
Hazelly \Ha"zel*ly\, a.
Of the color of the hazelnut; of a light brown. --Mortimer.
Hazelnut \Ha"zel*nut`\, n. [AS. h[ae]selhnutu.]
The nut of the hazel. --Shak.
Hazelwort \Ha"zel*wort`\, n. (Bot.)
The asarabacca.
Hazily \Ha"zi*ly\, adv.
In a hazy manner; mistily; obscurely; confusedly.
Haziness \Ha"zi*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being hazy.
Hazle \Ha"zle\, v. t.
To make dry; to dry. [Obs.]
Hazy \Ha"zy\, a. [From {Haze}, n.]
1. Thick with haze; somewhat obscured with haze; not clear or
transparent. ``A tender, hazy brightness.'' --Wordsworth.
2. Obscure; confused; not clear; as, a hazy argument; a hazy
intellect. --Mrs. Gore.
He \He\ (h[=e]), pron. [nom. {He}; poss. {His} (h[i^]z); obj.
{Him} (h[i^]m); pl. nom. {They} ([th][=a]); poss. {Their} or
{Theirs} ([th][^a]rz or [th][=a]rz); obj. {Them}
([th][e^]m).] [AS. h?, masc., he['o], fem., hit, neut.; pl.
h[=i], or hie, hig; akin to Ofries. hi, D. hij, OS. he, hi,
G. heute to-day, Goth. himma, dat. masc., this, hina, accus.
masc., and hita, accus. neut., and prob. to L. his this.
[root]183. Cf. {It}.]
1. The man or male being (or object personified to which the
masculine gender is assigned), previously designated; a
pronoun of the masculine gender, usually referring to a
specified subject already indicated.
Thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall
rule over thee. --Gen. iii.
16.
Thou shalt fear the Lord thy God; him shalt thou
serve. --Deut. x. 20.
2. Any one; the man or person; -- used indefinitely, and
usually followed by a relative pronoun.
He that walketh with wise men shall be wise. --Prov.
xiii. 20.
3. Man; a male; any male person; -- in this sense used
substantively. --Chaucer.
I stand to answer thee, Or any he, the proudest of
thy sort. --Shak.
Note: When a collective noun or a class is referred to, he is
of common gender. In early English, he referred to a
feminine or neuter noun, or to one in the plural, as
well as to noun in the masculine singular. In
composition, he denotes a male animal; as, a he-goat.
-head \-head\, suffix.
A variant of {-hood}.
Head \Head\, n. [OE. hed, heved, heaved, AS. he['a]fod; akin to
D. hoofd, OHG. houbit, G. haupt, Icel. h["o]fu?, Sw. hufvud,
Dan. hoved, Goth. haubip. The word does not corresponds
regularly to L. caput head (cf. E. {Chief}, {Cadet},
{Capital}), and its origin is unknown.]
1. The anterior or superior part of an animal, containing the
brain, or chief ganglia of the nervous system, the mouth,
and in the higher animals, the chief sensory organs; poll;
cephalon.
2. The uppermost, foremost, or most important part of an
inanimate object; such a part as may be considered to
resemble the head of an animal; often, also, the larger,
thicker, or heavier part or extremity, in distinction from
the smaller or thinner part, or from the point or edge;
as, the head of a cane, a nail, a spear, an ax, a mast, a
sail, a ship; that which covers and closes the top or the
end of a hollow vessel; as, the head of a cask or a steam
boiler.
3. The place where the head should go; as, the head of a bed,
of a grave, etc.; the head of a carriage, that is, the
hood which covers the head.
4. The most prominent or important member of any organized
body; the chief; the leader; as, the head of a college, a
school, a church, a state, and the like. ``Their princes
and heads.'' --Robynson (More's Utopia).
The heads of the chief sects of philosophy.
--Tillotson.
Your head I him appoint. --Milton.
5. The place or honor, or of command; the most important or
foremost position; the front; as, the head of the table;
the head of a column of soldiers.
An army of fourscore thousand troops, with the duke
Marlborough at the head of them. --Addison.
6. Each one among many; an individual; -- often used in a
plural sense; as, a thousand head of cattle.
It there be six millions of people, there are about
four acres for every head. --Graunt.
7. The seat of the intellect; the brain; the understanding;
the mental faculties; as, a good head, that is, a good
mind; it never entered his head, it did not occur to him;
of his own head, of his own thought or will.
Men who had lost both head and heart. --Macaulay.
8. The source, fountain, spring, or beginning, as of a stream
or river; as, the head of the Nile; hence, the altitude of
the source, or the height of the surface, as of water,
above a given place, as above an orifice at which it
issues, and the pressure resulting from the height or from
motion; sometimes also, the quantity in reserve; as, a
mill or reservoir has a good head of water, or ten feet
head; also, that part of a gulf or bay most remote from
the outlet or the sea.
9. A headland; a promontory; as, Gay Head. --Shak.
10. A separate part, or topic, of a discourse; a theme to be
expanded; a subdivision; as, the heads of a sermon.
11. Culminating point or crisis; hence, strength; force;
height.
Ere foul sin, gathering head, shall break into
corruption. --Shak.
The indisposition which has long hung upon me, is
at last grown to such a head, that it must quickly
make an end of me or of itself. --Addison.
12. Power; armed force.
My lord, my lord, the French have gathered head.
--Shak.
13. A headdress; a covering of the head; as, a laced head; a
head of hair. --Swift.
14. An ear of wheat, barley, or of one of the other small
cereals.
15. (Bot.)
(a) A dense cluster of flowers, as in clover, daisies,
thistles; a capitulum.
(b) A dense, compact mass of leaves, as in a cabbage or a
lettuce plant.
16. The antlers of a deer.
17. A rounded mass of foam which rises on a pot of beer or
other effervescing liquor. --Mortimer.
18. pl. Tiles laid at the eaves of a house. --Knight.
Note: Head is often used adjectively or in self-explaining
combinations; as, head gear or headgear, head rest. Cf.
{Head}, a.
{A buck of the first head}, a male fallow deer in its fifth
year, when it attains its complete set of antlers. --Shak.
{By the head}. (Naut.) See under {By}.
{Elevator head}, {Feed head}, etc. See under {Elevator},
{Feed}, etc.
{From head to foot}, through the whole length of a man;
completely; throughout. ``Arm me, audacity, from head to
foot.'' --Shak.
{Head and ears}, with the whole person; deeply; completely;
as, he was head and ears in debt or in trouble. [Colloq.]
{Head fast}. (Naut.) See 5th {Fast}.
{Head kidney} (Anat.), the most anterior of the three pairs
of embryonic renal organs developed in most vertebrates;
the pronephros.
{Head money}, a capitation tax; a poll tax. --Milton.
{Head pence}, a poll tax. [Obs.]
{Head sea}, a sea that meets the head of a vessel or rolls
against her course.
{Head and shoulders}.
(a) By force; violently; as, to drag one, head and
shoulders. ``They bring in every figure of speech,
head and shoulders.'' --Felton.
(b) By the height of the head and shoulders; hence, by a
great degree or space; by far; much; as, he is head
and shoulders above them.
{Head or tail}, this side or that side; this thing or that;
-- a phrase used in throwing a coin to decide a choice,
guestion, or stake, head being the side of the coin
bearing the effigy or principal figure (or, in case there
is no head or face on either side, that side which has the
date on it), and tail the other side.
{Neither head nor tail}, neither beginning nor end; neither
this thing nor that; nothing distinct or definite; -- a
phrase used in speaking of what is indefinite or confused;
as, they made neither head nor tail of the matter.
[Colloq.]
{Head wind}, a wind that blows in a direction opposite the
vessel's course.
{Out one's own head}, according to one's own idea; without
advice or co["o]peration of another.
{Over the head of}, beyond the comprehension of. --M. Arnold.
{To be out of one's head}, to be temporarily insane.
{To come or draw to a head}. See under {Come}, {Draw}.
{To give (one) the head}, or {To give head}, to let go, or to
give up, control; to free from restraint; to give license.
``He gave his able horse the head.'' --Shak. ``He has so
long given his unruly passions their head.'' --South.
{To his head}, before his face. ``An uncivil answer from a
son to a father, from an obliged person to a benefactor,
is a greater indecency than if an enemy should storm his
house or revile him to his head.'' --Jer. Taylor.
{To lay heads together}, to consult; to conspire.
{To lose one's head}, to lose presence of mind.
{To make head}, or {To make head against}, to resist with
success; to advance.
{To show one's head}, to appear. --Shak.
{To turn head}, to turn the face or front. ``The ravishers
turn head, the fight renews.'' --Dryden.
Head \Head\, a.
Principal; chief; leading; first; as, the head master of a
school; the head man of a tribe; a head chorister; a head
cook.
Head \Head\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Headed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Heading}.]
1. To be at the head of; to put one's self at the head of; to
lead; to direct; to act as leader to; as, to head an army,
an expedition, or a riot. --Dryden.
2. To form a head to; to fit or furnish with a head; as, to
head a nail. --Spenser.
3. To behead; to decapitate. [Obs.] --Shak.
4. To cut off the top of; to lop off; as, to head trees.
5. To go in front of; to get in the front of, so as to hinder
or stop; to oppose; hence, to check or restrain; as, to
head a drove of cattle; to head a person; the wind heads a
ship.
6. To set on the head; as, to head a cask.
{To head off}, to intercept; to get before; as, an officer
heads off a thief who is escaping.
{To head up}, to close, as a cask or barrel, by fitting a
head to.
Head \Head\, v. i.
1. To originate; to spring; to have its source, as a river.
A broad river, that heads in the great Blue Ridge.
--Adair.
2. To go or point in a certain direction; to tend; as, how
does the ship head?
3. To form a head; as, this kind of cabbage heads early.
Headache \Head"ache`\, n.
Pain in the head; cephalalgia. ``Headaches and shivering
fits.'' --Macaulay.
Headachy \Head"ach`y\, a.
Afflicted with headache. [Colloq.]
Headband \Head"band`\, n.
1. A fillet; a band for the head. ``The headbands and the
tablets.'' --Is. iii. 20.
2. The band at each end of the back of a book.
Headbeard \Head"beard`\, n.
A board or boarding which marks or forms the head of
anything; as, the headboard of a bed; the headboard of a
grave.
Headborough \Head"bor*ough\, Headborrow \Head"bor*row\ n.
1. The chief of a frankpledge, tithing, or decennary,
consisting of ten families; -- called also {borsholder},
{boroughhead}, {boroughholder}, and sometimes
{tithingman}. See {Borsholder}. [Eng.] --Blackstone.
2. (Modern Law) A petty constable. [Eng.]
Head-cheese \Head"-cheese\, n.
A dish made of portions of the head, or head and feet, of
swine, cut up fine, seasoned, and pressed into a cheeselike
mass.
Headdress \Head"dress`\, n.
1. A covering or ornament for the head; a headtire.
Among birds the males very often appear in a most
beautiful headdress, whether it be a crest, a comb,
a tuft of feathers, or a natural little plume.
--Addison.
2. A manner of dressing the hair or of adorning it, whether
with or without a veil, ribbons, combs, etc.
Headed \Head"ed\, a.
1. Furnished with a head (commonly as denoting intellectual
faculties); -- used in composition; as, clear-headed,
long-headed, thick-headed; a many-headed monster.
2. Formed into a head; as, a headed cabbage.
Header \Head"er\, n.
1. One who, or that which, heads nails, rivets, etc., esp. a
machine for heading.
2. One who heads a movement, a party, or a mob; head; chief;
leader. [R.]
3. (Arch.)
(a) A brick or stone laid with its shorter face or head in
the surface of the wall.
(b) In framing, the piece of timber fitted between two
trimmers, and supported by them, and carrying the ends
of the tailpieces.
4. A reaper for wheat, that cuts off the heads only.
5. A fall or plunge headforemost, as while riding a bicycle,
or in bathing; as, to take a header. [Colloq.]
Headfirst \Head`first"\, Headforemost \Head`fore"most`\, adv.
With the head foremost.
Headfish \Head`fish"\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The sunfish ({Mola}).
Head gear \Head" gear`\, or Headgear \Head"gear`\, n.
1. Headdress.
2. Apparatus above ground at the mouth of a mine or deep
well.
Head-hunter \Head"-hunt`er\, n.
A member of any tribe or race of savages who have the custom
of decapitating human beings and preserving their heads as
trophies. The Dyaks of Borneo are the most noted
head-hunters.
-- {Head"-hunt`ing}, n.
Headily \Head"i*ly\, adv.
In a heady or rash manner; hastily; rashly; obstinately.
Headiness \Head"i*ness\, n.
The quality of being heady.
Heading \Head"ing\, n.
1. The act or state of one who, or that which, heads;
formation of a head.
2. That which stands at the head; title; as, the heading of a
paper.
3. Material for the heads of casks, barrels, etc.
4. (Mining.) A gallery, drift, or adit in a mine; also, the
end of a drift or gallery; the vein above a drift.
5. (sewing) The extension of a line ruffling above the line
of stitch.
6. (Masonry) That end of a stone or brick which is presented
outward. --Knight.
{Heading course} (Arch.), a course consisting only of
headers. See {Header}, n. 3
(a) .
{Heading joint}.
(a) (Carp.) A joint, as of two or more boards, etc., at
right angles to the grain of the wood.
(b) (Masonry) A joint between two roussoirs in the same
course.
Headland \Head"land\, n.
1. A cape; a promontory; a point of land projecting into the
sea or other expanse of water. ``Sow the headland with
wheat.'' --Shak.
2. A ridge or strip of unplowed at the ends of furrows, or
near a fence. --Tusser.
Headless \Head"less\, a. [AS. he['a]fodle['a]s.]
1. Having no head; beheaded; as, a headless body, neck, or
carcass.
2. Destitute of a chief or leader. --Sir W. Raleigh.
3. Destitute of understanding or prudence; foolish; rash;
obstinate. [Obs.]
Witless headiness in judging or headless hardiness in
condemning. --Spenser.
Headlight \Head"light`\, n. (Engin.)
A light, with a powerful reflector, placed at the head of a
locomotive, or in front of it, to throw light on the track at
night, or in going through a dark tunnel.
Headline \Head"line`\, n.
1. (Print.) The line at the head or top of a page.
2. (Naut.) See {Headrope}.
Headlong \Head"long`\ (?; 115), adv. [OE. hedling, hevedlynge;
prob. confused with E. long, a. & adv.]
1. With the head foremost; as, to fall headlong. --Acts i.
18.
2. Rashly; precipitately; without deliberation.
3. Hastily; without delay or respite.
Headlong \Head"long\, a.
1. Rash; precipitate; as, headlong folly.
2. Steep; precipitous. [Poetic]
Like a tower upon a headlong rock. --Byron.
Head-lugged \Head"-lugged`\, a.
Lugged or dragged by the head. [R.] ``The head-lugged bear.''
--Shak.
Headman \Head"man`\, n.; pl. {Headmen}. [AS. he['a]fodman.]
A head or leading man, especially of a village community.
Headmold shot \Head"mold" shot"\, Headmould shot \Head"mould`
shot"\ . (Med.)
An old name for the condition of the skull, in which the
bones ride, or are shot, over each other at the sutures.
--Dunglison.
Headmost \Head"most`\, a.
Most advanced; most forward; as, the headmost ship in a
fleet.
Headnote \Head"note`\, n.
A note at the head of a page or chapter; in law reports, an
abstract of a case, showing the principles involved and the
opinion of the court.
Headpan \Head"pan`\, n. [AS. he['a]fodpanne.]
The brainpan. [Obs.]
Headpiece \Head"piece`\, n.
1. Head.
In his headpiece he felt a sore pain. --Spenser.
2. A cap of defense; especially, an open one, as
distinguished from the closed helmet of the Middle Ages.
3. Understanding; mental faculty.
Eumenes had the best headpiece of all Alexander's
captains. --Prideaux.
4. An engraved ornament at the head of a chapter, or of a
page.
Headquarters \Head"quar`ters\, n. pl. [but sometimes used as a
n. sing.]
The quarters or place of residence of any chief officer, as
the general in command of an army, or the head of a police
force; the place from which orders or instructions are
issued; hence, the center of authority or order.
The brain, which is the headquarters, or office, of
intelligence. --Collier.
Headrace \Head"race`\, n.
See {Race}, a water course.
Headroom \Head"room`\, n. (Arch.)
See {Headway}, 2.
Headrope \Head"rope`\, n. (Naut.)
That part of a boltrope which is sewed to the upper edge or
head of a sail.
Headsail \Head"sail`\, n. (Naut.)
Any sail set forward of the foremast. --Totten.
Headshake \Head`shake`\, n.
A significant shake of the head, commonly as a signal of
denial. --Shak.
Headship \Head"ship\, n.
Authority or dignity; chief place.
Headsman \Heads"man\, n.; pl. {Headsmen}.
An executioner who cuts off heads. --Dryden.
Headspring \Head"spring`\, n.
Fountain; source.
The headspring of our belief. --Stapleton.
Headstall \Head"stall`\, n.
That part of a bridle or halter which encompasses the head.
--Shak.
Headstock \Head"stock`\, n. (Mach.)
A part (usually separate from the bed or frame) for
supporting some of the principal working parts of a machine;
as:
(a) The part of a lathe that holds the revolving spindle and
its attachments; -- also called {poppet head}, the
opposite corresponding part being called a tailstock.
(b) The part of a planing machine that supports the cutter,
etc.
Headstone \Head"stone`\, n.
1. The principal stone in a foundation; the chief or corner
stone. --Ps. cxviii. 22.
2. The stone at the head of a grave.
Headstrong \Head"strong`\ (?; 115), a.
1. Not easily restrained; ungovernable; obstinate; stubborn.
Not let headstrong boy my will control. --Dryden.
2. Directed by ungovernable will, or proceeding from
obstinacy. --Dryden.
Syn: Violent; obstinate; ungovernable; unratable; stubborn;
unruly; venturesome; heady.
Headstrongness \Head"strong`ness\, n.
Obstinacy. [R.] --Gayton.
Headtire \Head"tire`\, n.
1. A headdress. ``A headtire of fine linen.'' --1 Edras iii.
6.
2. The manner of dressing the head, as at a particular time
and place.
Headway \Head"way`\, n.
1. The progress made by a ship in motion; hence, progress or
success of any kind.
2. (Arch.) Clear space under an arch, girder, and the like,
sufficient to allow of easy passing underneath.
Headwork \Head"work`\, n.
Mental labor.
Heady \Head"y\, a. [From {Head}.]
1. Willful; rash; precipitate; hurried on by will or passion;
ungovernable.
All the talent required is to be hot, to be heady,
-- to be violent on one side or the other. --Sir W.
Temple.
2. Apt to affect the head; intoxicating; strong.
The liquor is too heady. --Dryden.
3. Violent; impetuous. ``A heady currance.'' --Shak.
Heal \Heal\, v. t. [See {Hele}.]
To cover, as a roof, with tiles, slate, lead, or the like.
[Obs.]
Heal \Heal\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Healed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Healing}.] [OE. helen, h[ae]len, AS. h[=ae]lan, fr. h[=a]l
hale, sound, whole; akin to OS. h[=e]lian, D. heelen, G.
heilen, Goth. hailjan. See {Whole}.]
1. To make hale, sound, or whole; to cure of a disease,
wound, or other derangement; to restore to soundness or
health.
Speak the word only, and my servant shall be healed.
--Matt. viii.
8.
2. To remove or subdue; to cause to pass away; to cure; --
said of a disease or a wound.
I will heal their backsliding. --Hos. xiv. 4.
3. To restore to original purity or integrity.
Thus saith the Lord, I have healed these waters. --2
Kings ii. 21.
4. To reconcile, as a breach or difference; to make whole; to
free from guilt; as, to heal dissensions.
Heal \Heal\, v. i.
To grow sound; to return to a sound state; as, the limb
heals, or the wound heals; -- sometimes with up or over; as,
it will heal up, or over.
Those wounds heal ill that men do give themselves.
--Shak.
Heal \Heal\, n. [AS. h?lu, h?l. See {Heal}, v. t.]
Health. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Healable \Heal"a*ble\, a.
Capable of being healed.
Healall \Heal"all`\, n. (Bot.)
A common herb of the Mint family ({Brunela vulgaris}),
destitute of active properties, but anciently thought a
panacea.
Heald \Heald\, n. [CF. {Heddle}.]
A heddle. --Ure.
Healful \Heal"ful\, a.
Tending or serving to heal; healing. [Obs.] --Ecclus. xv. 3.
Healing \Heal"ing\, a.
Tending to cure; soothing; mollifying; as, the healing art; a
healing salve; healing words.
Here healing dews and balms abound. --Keble.
Healingly \Heal"ing*ly\, adv.
So as to heal or cure.
Health \Health\, n. [OE. helthe, AS. h?lp, fr. h[=a]l hale,
sound, whole. See {Whole}.]
1. The state of being hale, sound, or whole, in body, mind,
or soul; especially, the state of being free from physical
disease or pain.
There is no health in us. --Book of
Common Prayer.
Though health may be enjoyed without gratitude, it
can not be sported with without loss, or regained by
courage. --Buckminster.
2. A wish of health and happiness, as in pledging a person in
a toast. ``Come, love and health to all.'' --Shak.
{Bill of health}. See under {Bill}.
{Health lift}, a machine for exercise, so arranged that a
person lifts an increasing weight, or moves a spring of
increasing tension, in such a manner that most of the
muscles of the body are brought into gradual action; --
also called {lifting machine}.
{Health officer}, one charged with the enforcement of the
sanitary laws of a port or other place.
{To drink a health}. See under {Drink}.
Healthful \Health"ful\, a.
1. Full of health; free from illness or disease; well; whole;
sound; healthy; as, a healthful body or mind; a healthful
plant.
2. Serving to promote health of body or mind; wholesome;
salubrious; salutary; as, a healthful air, diet.
The healthful Spirit of thy grace. --Book of
Common Prayer.
3. Indicating, characterized by, or resulting from, health or
soundness; as, a healthful condition.
A mind . . . healthful and so well-proportioned.
--Macaulay.
4. Well-disposed; favorable. [R.]
Gave healthful welcome to their shipwrecked guests.
--Shak.
Healthfully \Health"ful*ly\, adv.
In health; wholesomely.
Healthfulness \Health"ful*ness\, n.
The state of being healthful.
Healthily \Health"i*ly\, adv.
In a healthy manner.
Healthiness \Health"i*ness\, n.
The state of being healthy or healthful; freedom from
disease.
Healthless \Health"less\, n.
1. Without health, whether of body or mind; in firm. ``A
healthless or old age.'' --Jer. Taylor.
2. Not conducive to health; unwholesome. [R.]
Healthlessness \Health"less*ness\, n.
The state of being health?ess.
Healthsome \Health"some\, a.
Wholesome; salubrious. [R.] ``Healthsome air.'' --Shak.
Healthward \Health"ward\, a. & adv.
In the direction of health; as, a healthward tendency.
Healthy \Health"y\, a. [Compar. {Healthier}; superl.
{Healthiest}.]
1. Being in a state of health; enjoying health; hale; sound;
free from disease; as, a healthy chid; a healthy plant.
His mind was now in a firm and healthy state.
--Macaulay.
2. Evincing health; as, a healthy pulse; a healthy
complexion.
3. Conducive to health; wholesome; salubrious; salutary; as,
a healthy exercise; a healthy climate.
Syn: Vigorous; sound; hale; salubrious; healthful; wholesome;
salutary.
Heam \Heam\, n. [Cf. AS. cidhamma womb, OD. hamme afterbirth,
LG. hamen.]
The afterbirth or secundines of a beast.
Heap \Heap\, n. [OE. heep, heap, heap, multitude, AS. he['a]p;
akin to OS. h?p, D. hoop, OHG. houf, h?fo, G. haufe, haufen,
Sw. hop, Dan. hob., Icel. h?pr troop, flock, Russ. kupa heap,
crowd, Lith. kaupas. Cf. {Hope}, in Forlorn hope.]
1. A crowd; a throng; a multitude or great number of persons.
[Now Low or Humorous]
The wisdom of a heap of learned men. --Chaucer.
A heap of vassals and slaves. --Bacon.
He had heaps of friends. --W.Black.
2. A great number or large quantity of things not placed in a
pile. [Now Low or Humorous]
A vast heap, both of places of scripture and
quotations. --Bp. Burnet.
I have noticed a heap of things in my life. --R. L.
Stevenson.
3. A pile or mass; a collection of things laid in a body, or
thrown together so as to form an elevation; as, a heap of
earth or stones.
Huge heaps of slain around the body rise. --Dryden.
Heap \Heap\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Heaped}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Heaping}.] [AS. he['a]pian.]
1. To collect in great quantity; to amass; to lay up; to
accumulate; -- usually with up; as, to heap up treasures.
Though he heap up silver as the dust. --Job. xxvii.
16.
2. To throw or lay in a heap; to make a heap of; to pile; as,
to heap stones; -- often with up; as, to heap up earth; or
with on; as, to heap on wood or coal.
3. To form or round into a heap, as in measuring; to fill (a
measure) more than even full.
Heaper \Heap"er\, n.
One who heaps, piles, or amasses.
Heapy \Heap"y\, a.
Lying in heaps. --Gay.
Hear \Hear\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Heard}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hearing}.] [OE. heren, AS,. hi['e]ran, h?ran, h?ran; akin to
OS. h?rian, OFries. hera, hora, D. hooren, OHG. h?ren, G.
h["o]ren, Icel. heyra, Sw: h["o]ra, Dan. hore, Goth. hausjan,
and perh. to Gr. ?, E. acoustic. Cf. {Hark}, {Hearken}.]
1. To perceive by the ear; to apprehend or take cognizance of
by the ear; as, to hear sounds; to hear a voice; to hear
one call.
Lay thine ear close to the ground, and list if thou
canst hear the tread of travelers. --Shak.
He had been heard to utter an ominous growl.
--Macaulay.
2. To give audience or attention to; to listen to; to heed;
to accept the doctrines or advice of; to obey; to examine;
to try in a judicial court; as, to hear a recitation; to
hear a class; the case will be heard to-morrow.
3. To attend, or be present at, as hearer or worshiper; as,
to hear a concert; to hear Mass.
4. To give attention to as a teacher or judge.
Thy matters are good and right, but there is no man
deputed of the king to hear thee. --2 Sam. xv.
3.
I beseech your honor to hear me one single word.
--Shak.
5. To accede to the demand or wishes of; to listen to and
answer favorably; to favor.
I love the Lord, because he hath heard my voice.
--Ps. cxvi. 1.
They think that they shall be heard for their much
speaking. --Matt. vi. 7.
{Hear him}. See Remark, under {Hear}, v. i.
{To hear a bird sing}, to receive private communication.
[Colloq.] --Shak.
{To hear say}, to hear one say; to learn by common report; to
receive by rumor. [Colloq.]
Hear \Hear\, v. i.
1. To have the sense or faculty of perceiving sound. ``The
Hearing ear.'' --Prov. xx. 12.
2. To use the power of perceiving sound; to perceive or
apprehend by the ear; to attend; to listen.
So spake our mother Eve, and Adam heard, Well
pleased, but answered not. --Milton.
3. To be informed by oral communication; to be told; to
receive information by report or by letter.
I have heard, sir, of such a man. --Shak.
I must hear from thee every day in the hour. --Shak.
{To hear ill}, to be blamed. [Obs.]
Not only within his own camp, but also now at Rome,
he heard ill for his temporizing and slow
proceedings. --Holland.
{To hear well}, to be praised. [Obs.]
Note: Hear, or Hear him, is often used in the imperative,
especially in the course of a speech in English
assemblies, to call attention to the words of the
speaker.
Hear him, . . . a cry indicative, according to
the tone, of admiration, acquiescence,
indignation, or derision. --Macaulay.
Heard \Heard\,
imp. & p. p. of {Hear}.
Hearer \Hear"er\, n.
One who hears; an auditor.
Hearing \Hear"ing\, n.
1. The act or power of perceiving sound; perception of sound;
the faculty or sense by which sound is perceived; as, my
hearing is good.
I have heard of thee by the hearing of the ear.
--Job xlii. 5.
Note: Hearing in a special sensation, produced by stim??ation
of the auditory nerve; the stimulus (waves of sound)
acting not directly on the nerve, but through the
medium of the endolymph on the delicate epithelium
cells, constituting the peripheral terminations of the
nerve. See {Ear}.
2. Attention to what is delivered; opportunity to be heard;
audience; as, I could not obtain a hearing.
3. A listening to facts and evidence, for the sake of
adjudication; a session of a court for considering proofs
and determining issues.
His last offenses to us Shall have judicious
hearing. --Shak.
Another hearing before some other court. --Dryden.
Note: Hearing, as applied to equity cases, means the same
thing that the word trial does at law. --Abbot.
4. Extent within which sound may be heard; sound; earshot.
``She's not within hearing.'' --Shak.
They laid him by the pleasant shore, And in the
hearing of the wave. --Tennyson.
Hearken \Heark"en\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hearkened}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Hearkening}.] [OE. hercnen, hercnien, AS. hercnian,
heorcnian, fr. hi['e]ran, h?ran, to hear; akin to OD.
harcken, horcken, LG. harken, horken, G. horchen. See {Hear},
and cf. {Hark}.]
1. To listen; to lend the ear; to attend to what is uttered;
to give heed; to hear, in order to obey or comply.
The Furies hearken, and their snakes uncurl.
--Dryden.
Hearken, O Israel, unto the statutes and unto the
judgments, which I teach you. --Deut. iv. 1.
2. To inquire; to seek information. [Obs.] ``Hearken after
their offense.'' --Shak.
Syn: To attend; listen; hear; heed. See {Attend}, v. i.
Hearken \Heark"en\, v. t.
1. To hear by listening. [Archaic]
[She] hearkened now and then Some little whispering
and soft groaning sound. --Spenser.
2. To give heed to; to hear attentively. [Archaic]
The King of Naples . . . hearkens my brother's suit.
--Shak.
{To hearken out}, to search out. [Obs.]
If you find none, you must hearken out a vein and
buy. --B. Johnson.
Hearkener \Heark"en*er\, n.
One who hearkens; a listener.
Hearsal \Hear"sal\, n.
Rehearsal. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hearsay \Hear"say`\, n.
Report; rumor; fame; common talk; something heard from
another.
Much of the obloquy that has so long rested on the
memory of our great national poet originated in
frivolous hearsays of his life and conversation.
--Prof.
Wilson.
{Hearsay evidence} (Law), that species of testimony which
consists in a a narration by one person of matters told
him by another. It is, with a few exceptions, inadmissible
as testimony. --Abbott.
Hearse \Hearse\, n. [Etymol. uncertain.]
A hind in the year of its age. [Eng.] --Wright.
Hearse \Hearse\, n. [See {Herse}.]
1. A framework of wood or metal placed over the coffin or
tomb of a deceased person, and covered with a pall; also,
a temporary canopy bearing wax lights and set up in a
church, under which the coffin was placed during the
funeral ceremonies. [Obs.] --Oxf. Gloss.
2. A grave, coffin, tomb, or sepulchral monument. [Archaic]
``Underneath this marble hearse.'' --B. Johnson.
Beside the hearse a fruitful palm tree grows.
--Fairfax
Who lies beneath this sculptured hearse.
--Longfellow.
3. A bier or handbarrow for conveying the dead to the grave.
[Obs.]
Set down, set down your honorable load, It honor may
be shrouded in a hearse. --Shak.
4. A carriage specially adapted or used for conveying the
dead to the grave.
Hearse \Hearse\, v. t.
To inclose in a hearse; to entomb. [Obs.] ``Would she were
hearsed at my foot.'' --Shak.
Hearsecloth \Hearse"cloth`\ (?; 115), n.
A cloth for covering a coffin when on a bier; a pall. --Bp.
Sanderson.
Hearselike \Hearse"like"\, a.
Suitable to a funeral.
If you listen to David's harp, you shall hear as many
hearselike airs as carols. --Bacon.
Heart \Heart\, n. [OE. harte, herte, heorte, AS. heorte; akin to
OS. herta, OFies. hirte, D. hart, OHG. herza, G. herz, Icel.
hjarta, Sw. hjerta, Goth. ha['i]rt?, Lith. szirdis, Russ.
serdtse, Ir. cridhe, L. cor, Gr. ?, ? ????. Cf. {Accord},
{Discord}, {Cordial}, 4th {Core}, {Courage}.]
1. (Anat.) A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting
rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.
Why does my blood thus muster to my heart! --Shak.
Note: In adult mammals and birds, the heart is
four-chambered, the right auricle and ventricle being
completely separated from the left auricle and
ventricle; and the blood flows from the systematic
veins to the right auricle, thence to the right
ventricle, from which it is forced to the lungs, then
returned to the left auricle, thence passes to the left
ventricle, from which it is driven into the systematic
arteries. See Illust. under {Aorta}. In fishes there
are but one auricle and one ventricle, the blood being
pumped from the ventricle through the gills to the
system, and thence returned to the auricle. In most
amphibians and reptiles, the separation of the auricles
is partial or complete, and in reptiles the ventricles
also are separated more or less completely. The
so-called lymph hearts, found in many amphibians,
reptiles, and birds, are contractile sacs, which pump
the lymph into the veins.
2. The seat of the affections or sensibilities, collectively
or separately, as love, hate, joy, grief, courage, and the
like; rarely, the seat of the understanding or will; --
usually in a good sense, when no epithet is expressed; the
better or lovelier part of our nature; the spring of all
our actions and purposes; the seat of moral life and
character; the moral affections and character itself; the
individual disposition and character; as, a good, tender,
loving, bad, hard, or selfish heart.
Hearts are dust, hearts' loves remain. --Emerson.
3. The nearest the middle or center; the part most hidden and
within; the inmost or most essential part of any body or
system; the source of life and motion in any organization;
the chief or vital portion; the center of activity, or of
energetic or efficient action; as, the heart of a country,
of a tree, etc.
Exploits done in the heart of France. --Shak.
Peace subsisting at the heart Of endless agitation.
--Wordsworth.
4. Courage; courageous purpose; spirit.
Eve, recovering heart, replied. --Milton.
The expelled nations take heart, and when they fly
from one country invade another. --Sir W.
Temple.
5. Vigorous and efficient activity; power of fertile
production; condition of the soil, whether good or bad.
That the spent earth may gather heart again.
--Dryden.
6. That which resembles a heart in shape; especially, a
roundish or oval figure or object having an obtuse point
at one end, and at the other a corresponding indentation,
-- used as a symbol or representative of the heart.
7. One of a series of playing cards, distinguished by the
figure or figures of a heart; as, hearts are trumps.
8. Vital part; secret meaning; real intention.
And then show you the heart of my message. --Shak.
9. A term of affectionate or kindly and familiar address. ``I
speak to thee, my heart.'' --Shak.
Note: Heart is used in many compounds, the most of which need
no special explanation; as, heart-appalling,
heart-breaking, heart-cheering, heart-chilled,
heart-expanding, heart-free, heart-hardened,
heart-heavy, heart-purifying, heart-searching,
heart-sickening, heart-sinking, heart-stirring,
heart-touching, heart-wearing, heart-whole,
heart-wounding, heart-wringing, etc.
{After one's own heart}, conforming with one's inmost
approval and desire; as, a friend after my own heart.
The Lord hath sought him a man after his own heart.
--1 Sam. xiii.
14.
{At heart}, in the inmost character or disposition; at
bottom; really; as, he is at heart a good man.
{By heart}, in the closest or most thorough manner; as, to
know or learn by heart. ``Composing songs, for fools to
get by heart'' (that is, to commit to memory, or to learn
thoroughly). --Pope.
{For my heart}, for my life; if my life were at stake. [Obs.]
``I could not get him for my heart to do it.'' --Shak.
{Heart bond} (Masonry), a bond in which no header stone
stretches across the wall, but two headers meet in the
middle, and their joint is covered by another stone laid
header fashion. --Knight.
{Heart and hand}, with enthusiastic co["o]peration.
{Heart hardness}, hardness of heart; callousness of feeling;
moral insensibility. --Shak.
{Heart heaviness}, depression of spirits. --Shak.
{Heart point} (Her.), the fess point. See {Escutcheon}.
{Heart rising}, a rising of the heart, as in opposition.
{Heart shell} (Zo["o]l.), any marine, bivalve shell of the
genus {Cardium} and allied genera, having a heart-shaped
shell; esp., the European {Isocardia cor}; -- called also
{heart cockle}.
{Heart sickness}, extreme depression of spirits.
{Heart and soul}, with the utmost earnestness.
{Heart urchin} (Zo["o]l.), any heartshaped, spatangoid sea
urchin. See {Spatangoid}.
{Heart wheel}, a form of cam, shaped like a heart. See {Cam}.
{In good heart}, in good courage; in good hope.
{Out of heart}, discouraged.
{Poor heart}, an exclamation of pity.
{To break the heart of}.
(a) To bring to despair or hopeless grief; to cause to be
utterly cast down by sorrow.
(b) To bring almost to completion; to finish very nearly;
-- said of anything undertaken; as, he has broken the
heart of the task.
{To find in the heart}, to be willing or disposed. ``I could
find in my heart to ask your pardon.'' --Sir P. Sidney.
{To have at heart}, to desire (anything) earnestly.
{To have in the heart}, to purpose; to design or intend to
do.
{To have the heart in the mouth}, to be much frightened.
{To lose heart}, to become discouraged.
{To lose one's heart}, to fall in love.
{To set the heart at rest}, to put one's self at ease.
{To set the heart upon}, to fix the desires on; to long for
earnestly; to be very fond of.
{To take heart of grace}, to take courage.
{To take to heart}, to grieve over.
{To wear one's heart upon one's sleeve}, to expose one's
feelings or intentions; to be frank or impulsive.
{With all one's whole heart}, very earnestly; fully;
completely; devotedly.
Heart \Heart\, v. t.
To give heart to; to hearten; to encourage; to inspirit.
[Obs.]
My cause is hearted; thine hath no less reason. --Shak.
Heart \Heart\, v. i.
To form a compact center or heart; as, a hearting cabbage.
Heartache \Heart"ache`\, n. [Cf. AS. heortece.]
Sorrow; anguish of mind; mental pang. --Shak.
Heartbreak \Heart"break`\, n.
Crushing sorrow or grief; a yielding to such grief. --Shak.
Heartbreaking \Heart"break`ing\, a.
Causing overpowering sorrow.
Heartbroken \Heart"bro`ken\, a.
Overcome by crushing sorrow; deeply grieved.
Heartburn \Heart"burn`\, n. (Med.)
An uneasy, burning sensation in the stomach, often attended
with an inclination to vomit. It is sometimes idiopathic, but
is often a symptom of often complaints.
Heartburned \Heart"burned`\, a.
Having heartburn. --Shak.
Heartburning \Heart"burn`ing\, a.
Causing discontent.
Heartburning \Heart"burn`ing\, n.
1. (Med.) Same as {Heartburn}.
2. Discontent; secret enmity. --Swift.
The transaction did not fail to leave heartburnings.
--Palfrey.
Heartdear \Heart"dear`\, a.
Sincerely beloved. [R.] --Shak.
Heartdeep \Heart"deep`\, a.
Rooted in the heart. --Herbert.
Heart-eating \Heart"-eat`ing\, a.
Preying on the heart.
Hearted \Heart"ed\, a.
1. Having a heart; having (such) a heart (regarded as the
seat of the affections, disposition, or character).
2. Shaped like a heart; cordate. [R.] --Landor.
3. Seated or laid up in the heart.
I hate the Moor: my cause is hearted. --Shak.
Note: This word is chiefly used in composition; as,
hard-hearted, faint-hearted, kind-hearted,
lion-hearted, stout-hearted, etc. Hence the nouns
hard-heartedness, faint-heartedness, etc.
Heartedness \Heart"ed*ness\, n.
Earnestness; sincerity; heartiness. [R.] --Clarendon.
Note: See also the Note under {Hearted}. The analysis of the
compounds gives hard-hearted + -ness, rather than hard
+ heartedness, etc.
Hearten \Heart"en\, v. t. [From {Heart}.]
1. To encourage; to animate; to incite or stimulate the
courage of; to embolden.
Hearten those that fight in your defense. --Shak.
2. To restore fertility or strength to, as to land.
Heartener \Heart"en*er\, n.
One who, or that which, heartens, animates, or stirs up. --W.
Browne.
Heartfelt \Heart"felt`\, a.
Hearty; sincere.
Heartgrief \Heart"grief`\, n.
Heartache; sorrow. --Milton.
Hearth \Hearth\, n. [OE. harthe, herth, herthe, AS. heor?; akin
to D. haard, heerd, Sw. h["a]rd, G. herd; cf. Goth. ha['u]ri
a coal, Icel. hyrr embers, and L. cremare to burn.]
1. The pavement or floor of brick, stone, or metal in a
chimney, on which a fire is made; the floor of a
fireplace; also, a corresponding part of a stove.
There was a fire on the hearth burning before him.
--Jer. xxxvi.
22.
Where fires thou find'st unraked and hearths
unswept. There pinch the maids as blue as bilberry.
--Shak.
2. The house itself, as the abode of comfort to its inmates
and of hospitality to strangers; fireside.
3. (Metal. & Manuf.) The floor of a furnace, on which the
material to be heated lies, or the lowest part of a
melting furnace, into which the melted material settles.
{Hearth ends} (Metal.), fragments of lead ore ejected from
the furnace by the blast.
{Hearth money}, {Hearth penny} [AS. heor[eth]pening], a tax
formerly laid in England on hearths, each hearth (in all
houses paying the church and poor rates) being taxed at
two shillings; -- called also {chimney money}, etc.
He had been importuned by the common people to
relieve them from the . . . burden of the hearth
money. --Macaulay.
Hearthstone \Hearth"stone`\, n.
Stone forming the hearth; hence, the fireside; home.
Chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and
patriot grave to every living heart and hearthstone.
--A. Lincoln.
Heartily \Heart"i*ly\, adv. [From {Hearty}.]
1. From the heart; with all the heart; with sincerity.
I heartily forgive them. --Shak.
2. With zeal; actively; vigorously; willingly; cordially; as,
he heartily assisted the prince.
{To eat heartily}, to eat freely and with relish. --Addison.
Syn: Sincerely; cordially; zealously; vigorously; actively;
warmly; eagerly; ardently; earnestly.
Heariness \Hear"i*ness\, n.
The quality of being hearty; as, the heartiness of a
greeting.
Heartless \Heart"less\, a.
1. Without a heart.
You have left me heartess; mine is in your bosom.
--J. Webster.
2. Destitute of courage; spiritless; despodent.
Heartless they fought, and quitted soon their
ground. --Dryden.
Heartless and melancholy. --W. Irwing.
3. Destitute of feeling or affection; unsympathetic; cruel.
``The heartless parasites.'' --Byron. -- {Heart"less*ly},
adv. -- {Heart"less*ness}, n.
Heartlet \Heart"let\, n.
A little heart.
Heartlings \Heart"lings\, interj.
An exclamation used in addressing a familiar acquaintance.
[Obs.] --Shak.
Heartpea \Heart"pea`\, n. (Bot.)
Same as {Heartseed}.
Heartquake \Heart"quake`\, n.
Trembling of the heart; trepidation; fear.
In many an hour of danger and heartquake. --Hawthorne.
Heartrending \Heart"rend`ing\, a.
Causing intense grief; overpowering with anguish; very
distressing.
Heart-robbing \Heart"-rob`bing\, a.
1. Depriving of thought; ecstatic. ``Heart-robbing
gladness.'' --Spenser.
2. Stealing the heart or affections; winning.
Heart's-ease \Heart's"-ease`\, n.
1. Ease of heart; peace or tranquillity of mind or feeling.
--Shak.
2. (Bot.) A species of violet ({Viola tricolor}); -- called
also {pansy}.
Heartseed \Heart"seed`\, n. (Bot.)
A climbing plant of the genus {Cardiospermum}, having round
seeds which are marked with a spot like a heart. --Loudon.
Heartshaped \Heart"shaped`\, a.
Having the shape of a heart; cordate.
Heartsick \Heart"sick`\, a. [AS. heorise['o]c.]
Sick at heart; extremely depressed in spirits; very
despondent.
Heartsome \Heart"some\, a.
Merry; cheerful; lively. [Scot.]
Heart-spoon \Heart"-spoon`\, n.
A part of the breastbone. [Obs.]
He feeleth through the herte-spon the pricke.
--Chaucer.
Heartstricken \Heart"strick`en\, a.
Shocked; dismayed.
Heartstrike \Heart"strike`\, v. t.
To affect at heart; to shock. [R.] ``The seek to heartstrike
us.'' --B. Jonson.
Heartstring \Heart"string`\, n.
A nerve or tendon, supposed to brace and sustain the heart.
--Shak.
Sobbing, as if a hearstring broke. --Moore.
Heartstruck \Heart"struck`\, a.
1. Driven to the heart; infixed in the mind. ``His
heartstruck injuries.'' --Shak.
2. Shocked with pain, fear, or remorse; dismayed;
heartstricken. --Milton.
Heartswelling \Heart"swell`ing\, a.
Rankling in, or swelling, the heart. ``Heartswelling hate.''
--Spenser.
Heart-whole \Heart"-whole`\, a. [See {Whole}.]
1. Having the heart or affections free; not in love. --Shak.
2. With unbroken courage; undismayed.
3. Of a single and sincere heart.
If he keeps heart-whole towards his Master.
--Bunyan.
Heartwood \Heart"wood`\, n.
The hard, central part of the trunk of a tree, consisting of
the old and matured wood, and usually differing in color from
the outer layers. It is technically known as duramen, and
distinguished from the softer sapwood or alburnum.
Heart-wounded \Heart"-wound`ed\, a.
Wounded to the heart with love or grief. --Pope.
Hearty \Heart"y\, a. [Compar. {Heartier}; superl. {Heartiest}.]
1. Pertaining to, or proceeding from, the heart; warm;
cordial; bold; zealous; sincere; willing; also, energetic;
active; eager; as, a hearty welcome; hearty in supporting
the government.
Full of hearty tears For our good father's loss.
--Marston.
2. Exhibiting strength; sound; healthy; firm; not weak; as, a
hearty timber.
3. Promoting strength; nourishing; rich; abundant; as, hearty
food; a hearty meal.
Syn: Sincere; real; unfeigned; undissembled; cordial;
earnest; warm; zealous; ardent; eager; active; vigorous.
Usage: {Hearty}, {Cordial}, {Sincere}. Hearty implies honesty
and simplicity of feelings and manners; cordial refers
to the warmth and liveliness with which the feelings
are expressed; sincere implies that this expression
corresponds to the real sentiments of the heart. A man
should be hearty in his attachment to his friends,
cordial in his reception of them to his house, and
sincere in his offers to assist them.
Hearty \Heart"y\, n.; pl. {Hearties}.
Comrade; boon companion; good fellow; -- a term of familiar
address and fellowship among sailors. --Dickens.
Heartyhale \Heart"y*hale`\, a.
Good for the heart. [Obs.]
Heat \Heat\, n. [OE. hete, h[ae]te, AS. h?tu, h?to, fr. h[=a]t
hot; akin to OHG. heizi heat, Dan. hede, Sw. hetta. See
{Hot}.]
1. A force in nature which is recognized in various effects,
but especially in the phenomena of fusion and evaporation,
and which, as manifested in fire, the sun's rays,
mechanical action, chemical combination, etc., becomes
directly known to us through the sense of feeling. In its
nature heat is a mode if motion, being in general a form
of molecular disturbance or vibration. It was formerly
supposed to be a subtile, imponderable fluid, to which was
given the name caloric.
Note: As affecting the human body, heat produces different
sensations, which are called by different names, as
heat or sensible heat, warmth, cold, etc., according to
its degree or amount relatively to the normal
temperature of the body.
2. The sensation caused by the force or influence of heat
when excessive, or above that which is normal to the human
body; the bodily feeling experienced on exposure to fire,
the sun's rays, etc.; the reverse of cold.
3. High temperature, as distinguished from low temperature,
or cold; as, the heat of summer and the cold of winter;
heat of the skin or body in fever, etc.
Else how had the world . . . Avoided pinching cold
and scorching heat! --Milton.
4. Indication of high temperature; appearance, condition, or
color of a body, as indicating its temperature; redness;
high color; flush; degree of temperature to which
something is heated, as indicated by appearance,
condition, or otherwise.
It has raised . . . heats in their faces. --Addison.
The heats smiths take of their iron are a blood-red
heat, a white-flame heat, and a sparking or welding
heat. --Moxon.
5. A single complete operation of heating, as at a forge or
in a furnace; as, to make a horseshoe in a certain number
of heats.
6. A violent action unintermitted; a single effort; a single
course in a race that consists of two or more courses; as,
he won two heats out of three.
Many causes . . . for refreshment betwixt the heats.
--Dryden.
[He] struck off at one heat the matchless tale of
``Tam o'Shanter.'' --J. C.
Shairp.
7. Utmost violence; rage; vehemence; as, the heat of battle
or party. ``The heat of their division.'' --Shak.
8. Agitation of mind; inflammation or excitement;
exasperation. ``The head and hurry of his rage.'' --South.
9. Animation, as in discourse; ardor; fervency.
With all the strength and heat of eloquence.
--Addison.
10. Sexual excitement in animals.
11. Fermentation.
{Animal heat}, {Blood heat}, {Capacity for heat}, etc. See
under {Animal}, {Blood}, etc.
{Atomic heat} (Chem.), the product obtained by multiplying
the atomic weight of any element by its specific heat. The
atomic heat of all solid elements is nearly a constant,
the mean value being 6.4.
{Dynamical theory of heat}, that theory of heat which assumes
it to be, not a peculiar kind of matter, but a peculiar
motion of the ultimate particles of matter.
{Heat engine}, any apparatus by which a heated substance, as
a heated fluid, is made to perform work by giving motion
to mechanism, as a hot-air engine, or a steam engine.
{Heat producers}. (Physiol.) See under {Food}.
{Heat rays}, a term formerly applied to the rays near the red
end of the spectrum, whether within or beyond the visible
spectrum.
{Heat weight} (Mech.), the product of any quantity of heat by
the mechanical equivalent of heat divided by the absolute
temperature; -- called also {thermodynamic function}, and
{entropy}.
{Mechanical equivalent of heat}. See under {Equivalent}.
{Specific heat of a substance} (at any temperature), the
number of units of heat required to raise the temperature
of a unit mass of the substance at that temperature one
degree.
{Unit of heat}, the quantity of heat required to raise, by
one degree, the temperature of a unit mass of water,
initially at a certain standard temperature. The
temperature usually employed is that of 0[deg] Centigrade,
or 32[deg] Fahrenheit.
Heat \Heat\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Heated}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Heating}.] [OE. heten, AS. h?tan, fr. h[=a]t hot. See
{Hot}.]
1. To make hot; to communicate heat to, or cause to grow
warm; as, to heat an oven or furnace, an iron, or the
like.
Heat me these irons hot. --Shak.
2. To excite or make hot by action or emotion; to make
feverish.
Pray, walk softly; do not heat your blood. --Shak.
3. To excite ardor in; to rouse to action; to excite to
excess; to inflame, as the passions.
A noble emulation heats your breast. --Dryden.
Heat \Heat\, v. i.
1. To grow warm or hot by the action of fire or friction,
etc., or the communication of heat; as, the iron or the
water heats slowly.
2. To grow warm or hot by fermentation, or the development of
heat by chemical action; as, green hay heats in a mow, and
manure in the dunghill.
Heat \Heat\, imp. & p. p. of {Heat}.
Heated; as, the iron though heat red-hot. [Obs. or Archaic.]
--Shak.
Heater \Heat"er\, n.
1. One who, or that which, heats.
2. Any contrivance or implement, as a furnace, stove, or
other heated body or vessel, etc., used to impart heat to
something, or to contain something to be heated.
{Feed heater}. See under {Feed}.
Heath \Heath\, n. [OE. heth waste land, the plant heath, AS.
h??; akin to D. & G. heide, Icel. hei?r waste land, Dan.
hede, Sw. hed, Goth. haipi field, L. bucetum a cow pasture;
cf. W. coed a wood, Skr. ksh?tra field. [root]20.]
1. (Bot.)
(a) A low shrub ({Erica, or Calluna, vulgaris}), with
minute evergreen leaves, and handsome clusters of pink
flowers. It is used in Great Britain for brooms,
thatch, beds for the poor, and for heating ovens. It
is also called {heather}, and {ling}.
(b) Also, any species of the genus {Erica}, of which
several are European, and many more are South African,
some of great beauty. See Illust. of {Heather}.
2. A place overgrown with heath; any cheerless tract of
country overgrown with shrubs or coarse herbage.
Their stately growth, though bare, Stands on the
blasted heath. --Milton
{Heath cock} (Zo["o]l.), the blackcock. See {Heath grouse}
(below).
{Heath grass} (Bot.), a kind of perennial grass, of the genus
{Triodia} ({T. decumbens}), growing on dry heaths.
{Heath grouse}, or {Heath game} (Zo["o]l.), a European grouse
({Tetrao tetrix}), which inhabits heats; -- called also
{black game}, {black grouse}, {heath poult}, {heath fowl},
{moor fowl}. The male is called, {heath cock}, and
{blackcock}; the female, {heath hen}, and {gray hen}.
{Heath hen}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Heath grouse} (above).
{Heath pea} (bot.), a species of bitter vetch ({Lathyris
macrorhizus}), the tubers of which are eaten, and in
Scotland are used to flavor whisky.
{Heath throstle} (Zo["o]l.), a European thrush which
frequents heaths; the ring ouzel.
Heathclad \Heath"clad`\, a.
Clad or crowned with heath.
Heathen \Hea"then\ (?; 277), n.; pl. {Heathens}or collectively
{Heathen}. [OE. hethen, AS. h??en, prop. an adj. fr. h??
heath, and orig., therefore, one who lives in the country or
on the heaths and in the woods (cf. pagan, fr. pagus
village); akin to OS. h??in, adj., D. heiden a heathen, G.
heide, OHG. heidan, Icel. hei?inn, adj., Sw. heden, Goth.
haipn?, n. fem. See {Heath}, and cf. {Hoiden}.]
1. An individual of the pagan or unbelieving nations, or
those which worship idols and do not acknowledge the true
God; a pagan; an idolater.
2. An irreligious person.
If it is no more than a moral discourse, he may
preach it and they may hear it, and yet both
continue unconverted heathens. --V. Knox.
{The heathen}, as the term is used in the Scriptures, all
people except the Jews; now used of all people except
Christians, Jews, and Mohammedans.
Ask of me, and I shall give thee the heathen for
thine inheritance. --Ps. ii. 8.
Syn: Pagan; gentile. See {Pagan}.
Heathen \Hea"then\, a.
1. Gentile; pagan; as, a heathen author. ``The heathen
philosopher.'' ``All in gold, like heathen gods.'' --Shak.
2. Barbarous; unenlightened; heathenish.
3. Irreligious; scoffing.
Heathendom \Hea"then*dom\, n. [AS. h[=ae][eth]end[=o]m.]
1. That part of the world where heathenism prevails; the
heathen nations, considered collectively.
2. Heathenism. --C. Kingsley.
Heathenesse \Hea"then*esse\, n. [AS. h[=ae][eth]ennes, i. e.,
heathenness.]
Heathendom. [Obs.] --Chaucer. Sir W. Scott.
Heathenish \Hea"then*ish\, a. [AS. h[=ae][eth]enisc.]
1. Of or pertaining to the heathen; resembling or
characteristic of heathens. ``Worse than heathenish
crimes.'' --Milton.
2. Rude; uncivilized; savage; cruel. --South.
3. Irreligious; as, a heathenish way of living.
Heathenishly \Hea"then*ish"ly\, adv.
In a heathenish manner.
Heathenishness \Hea"then*ish*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being heathenish. ``The . . .
heathenishness and profaneness of most playbooks.'' --Prynne.
Heathenism \Hea"then*ism\, n.
1. The religious system or rites of a heathen nation;
idolatry; paganism.
2. The manners or morals usually prevalent in a heathen
country; ignorance; rudeness; barbarism.
Heathenize \Hea"then*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Heathenized}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Heathenizing}.]
To render heathen or heathenish. --Firmin.
Heathenness \Hea"then*ness\, n. [Cf. {Heathenesse}.]
State of being heathen or like the heathen.
Heathenry \Hea"then*ry\, n.
1. The state, quality, or character of the heathen.
Your heathenry and your laziness. --C. Kingsley.
2. Heathendom; heathen nations.
Heather \Heath"er\ (?; 277. This is the only pronunciation in
Scotland), n. [See {Heath}.]
Heath. [Scot.]
Gorse and grass And heather, where his footsteps pass,
The brighter seem. --Longfellow.
{Heather bell} (Bot.), one of the pretty subglobose flowers
of two European kinds of heather ({Erica Tetralix}, and
{E. cinerea}).
Heathery \Heath"er*y\, a.
Heathy; abounding in heather; of the nature of heath.
Heathy \Heath"y\, a.
Full of heath; abounding with heath; as, heathy land; heathy
hills. --Sir W. Scott.
Heating \Heat"ing\, a.
That heats or imparts heat; promoting warmth or heat;
exciting action; stimulating; as, heating medicines or
applications.
{Heating surface} (Steam Boilers), the aggregate surface
exposed to fire or to the heated products of combustion,
esp. of all the plates or sheets that are exposed to water
on their opposite surfaces; -- called also {fire surface}.
Heatingly \Heat"ing*ly\, adv.
In a heating manner; so as to make or become hot or heated.
Heatless \Heat"less\, a.
Destitute of heat; cold. --Beau. & Fl.
Heave \Heave\, v. t. [imp. {Heaved}, or {Hove}; p. p. {Heaved},
{Hove}, formerly {Hoven}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Heaving}.] [OE.
heven, hebben, As. hebban; akin to OS. hebbian, D. heffen,
OHG. heffan, hevan, G. heven, Icel. h["a]fva, Dan. h[ae]ve,
Goth. hafjan, L. capere to take, seize; cf. Gr. ? handle. Cf.
{Accept}, {Behoof}, {Capacious}, {Forceps}, {haft},
{Receipt}.]
1. To cause to move upward or onward by a lifting effort; to
lift; to raise; to hoist; -- often with up; as, the wave
heaved the boat on land.
One heaved ahigh, to be hurled down below. --Shak.
Note: Heave, as now used, implies that the thing raised is
heavy or hard to move; but formerly it was used in a
less restricted sense.
Here a little child I stand, Heaving up my either
hand. --Herrick.
2. To throw; to cast; -- obsolete, provincial, or colloquial,
except in certain nautical phrases; as, to heave the lead;
to heave the log.
3. To force from, or into, any position; to cause to move;
also, to throw off; -- mostly used in certain nautical
phrases; as, to heave the ship ahead.
4. To raise or force from the breast; to utter with effort;
as, to heave a sigh.
The wretched animal heaved forth such groans.
--Shak.
5. To cause to swell or rise, as the breast or bosom.
The glittering, finny swarms That heave our friths,
and crowd upon our shores. --Thomson.
{To heave a cable short} (Naut.), to haul in cable till the
ship is almost perpendicularly above the anchor.
{To heave a ship ahead} (Naut.), to warp her ahead when not
under sail, as by means of cables.
{To heave a ship down} (Naut.), to throw or lay her down on
one side; to careen her.
{To heave a ship to} (Naut.), to bring the ship's head to the
wind, and stop her motion.
{To heave about} (Naut.), to put about suddenly.
{To heave in} (Naut.), to shorten (cable).
{To heave in stays} (Naut.), to put a vessel on the other
tack.
{To heave out a sail} (Naut.), to unfurl it.
{To heave taut} (Naut.), to turn a
capstan, etc., till the rope becomes strained. See {Taut}, and
{Tight}.
{To heave the lead} (Naut.), to take soundings with lead and
line.
{To heave the log}. (Naut.) See {Log}.
{To heave up anchor} (Naut.), to raise it from the bottom of
the sea or elsewhere.
Heave \Heave\ (h[=e]v), v. i.
1. To be thrown up or raised; to rise upward, as a tower or
mound.
And the huge columns heave into the sky. --Pope.
Where heaves the turf in many a moldering heap.
--Gray.
The heaving sods of Bunker Hill. --E. Everett.
2. To rise and fall with alternate motions, as the lungs in
heavy breathing, as waves in a heavy sea, as ships on the
billows, as the earth when broken up by frost, etc.; to
swell; to dilate; to expand; to distend; hence, to labor;
to struggle.
Frequent for breath his panting bosom heaves.
--Prior.
The heaving plain of ocean. --Byron.
3. To make an effort to raise, throw, or move anything; to
strain to do something difficult.
The Church of England had struggled and heaved at a
reformation ever since Wyclif's days. --Atterbury.
4. To make an effort to vomit; to retch; to vomit.
{To heave at}.
(a) To make an effort at.
(b) To attack, to oppose. [Obs.] --Fuller.
{To heave in sight} (as a ship at sea), to come in sight; to
appear.
{To heave up}, to vomit. [Low]
Heave \Heave\, n.
1. An effort to raise something, as a weight, or one's self,
or to move something heavy.
After many strains and heaves He got up to his
saddle eaves. --Hudibras.
2. An upward motion; a rising; a swell or distention, as of
the breast in difficult breathing, of the waves, of the
earth in an earthquake, and the like.
There's matter in these sighs, these profound
heaves, You must translate. --Shak.
None could guess whether the next heave of the
earthquake would settle . . . or swallow them.
--Dryden.
3. (Geol.) A horizontal dislocation in a metallic lode,
taking place at an intersection with another lode.
Heaven \Heav"en\ (h[e^]v"'n), n. [OE. heven, hefen, heofen, AS.
heofon; akin to OS. hevan, LG. heben, heven, Icel. hifinn; of
uncertain origin, cf. D. hemel, G. himmel, Icel. himmin,
Goth. himins; perh. akin to, or influenced by, the root of E.
heave, or from a root signifying to cover, cf. Goth.
gaham[=o]n to put on, clothe one's self, G. hemd shirt, and
perh. E. chemise.]
1. The expanse of space surrounding the earth; esp., that
which seems to be over the earth like a great arch or
dome; the firmament; the sky; the place where the sun,
moon, and stars appear; -- often used in the plural in
this sense.
I never saw the heavens so dim by day. --Shak.
When my eyes shall be turned to behold for the last
time the sun in heaven. --D. Webster.
2. The dwelling place of the Deity; the abode of bliss; the
place or state of the blessed after death.
Unto the God of love, high heaven's King. --Spenser.
It is a knell That summons thee to heaven or to
hell. --Shak.
New thoughts of God, new hopes of Heaven. --Keble.
Note: In this general sense heaven and its corresponding
words in other languages have as various definite
interpretations as there are phases of religious
belief.
3. The sovereign of heaven; God; also, the assembly of the
blessed, collectively; -- used variously in this sense, as
in No. 2.
Her prayers, whom Heaven delights to hear. --Shak.
The will And high permission of all-ruling Heaven.
--Milton.
4. Any place of supreme happiness or great comfort; perfect
felicity; bliss; a sublime or exalted condition; as, a
heaven of delight. ``A heaven of beauty.'' --Shak. ``The
brightest heaven of invention.'' --Shak.
O bed! bed! delicious bed! That heaven upon earth to
the weary head! --Hood.
Note: Heaven is very often used, esp. with participles, in
forming compound words, most of which need no special
explanation; as, heaven-appeasing, heaven-aspiring,
heaven-begot, heaven-born, heaven-bred,
heaven-conducted, heaven-descended, heaven-directed,
heaven-exalted, heaven-given, heaven-guided,
heaven-inflicted, heaven-inspired, heaven-instructed,
heaven-kissing, heaven-loved, heaven-moving,
heaven-protected, heaven-taught, heaven-warring, and
the like.
Heaven \Heav"en\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Heavened}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Heavening}.]
To place in happiness or bliss, as if in heaven; to beatify.
[R.]
We are happy as the bird whose nest Is heavened in the
hush of purple hills. --G. Massey.
Heavenize \Heav"en*ize\ (h[e^]v"'n*[imac]z), v. t.
To render like heaven or fit for heaven. [R.] --Bp. Hall.
Heavenliness \Heav"en*li*ness\, n. [From {Heavenly}.]
The state or quality of being heavenly. --Sir J. Davies.
Heavenly \Heav"en*ly\, a. [AS. heofonic.]
1. Pertaining to, resembling, or inhabiting heaven;
celestial; not earthly; as, heavenly regions; heavenly
music.
As is the heavenly, such are they also that are
heavenly. --1 Cor. xv.
48.
2. Appropriate to heaven in character or happiness; perfect;
pure; supremely blessed; as, a heavenly race; the
heavenly, throng.
The love of heaven makes one heavenly. --Sir P.
Sidney.
Heavenly \Heav"en*ly\, adv.
1. In a manner resembling that of heaven. ``She was heavenly
true.'' --Shak.
2. By the influence or agency of heaven.
Out heavenly guided soul shall climb. --Milton.
Heavenlyminded \Heav"en*ly*mind`ed\, a.
Having the thoughts and affections placed on, or suitable
for, heaven and heavenly objects; devout; godly; pious.
--Milner. -- {Heav"en*ly*mind`ed*ness}, n.
Heavenward \Heav"en*ward\, a & adv.
Toward heaven.
Heave offering \Heave" of`fer*ing\ (Jewish Antiq.)
An offering or oblation heaved up or elevated before the
altar, as the shoulder of the peace offering. See {Wave
offering}.
--Ex. xxix. 27.
Heaver \Heav"er\, n.
1. One who, or that which, heaves or lifts; a laborer
employed on docks in handling freight; as, a coal heaver.
2. (Naut.) A bar used as a lever. --Totten.
Heaves \Heaves\, n.
A disease of horses, characterized by difficult breathing,
with heaving of the flank, wheezing, flatulency, and a
peculiar cough; broken wind.
Heavily \Heav"i*ly\, adv. [From 2d {Heavy}.]
1. In a heavy manner; with great weight; as, to bear heavily
on a thing; to be heavily loaded.
Heavily interested in those schemes of emigration.
--The Century.
2. As if burdened with a great weight; slowly and
laboriously; with difficulty; hence, in a slow, difficult,
or suffering manner; sorrowfully.
And took off their chariot wheels, that they drave
them heavily. --Ex. xiv. 25.
Why looks your grace so heavily to-day? --Shak.
Heaviness \Heav"i*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being heavy in its various senses;
weight; sadness; sluggishness; oppression; thickness.
Heaving \Heav"ing\, n.
A lifting or rising; a swell; a panting or deep sighing.
--Addison. --Shak.
Heavisome \Heav"i*some\, a.
Heavy; dull. [Prov.]
Heavy \Heav"y\, a.
Having the heaves.
Heavy \Heav"y\, a. [Compar. {Heavier}; superl. {Heaviest}.] [OE.
hevi, AS. hefig, fr. hebban to lift, heave; akin to OHG.
hebig, hevig, Icel. h["o]figr, h["o]fugr. See {Heave}.]
1. Heaved or lifted with labor; not light; weighty;
ponderous; as, a heavy stone; hence, sometimes, large in
extent, quantity, or effects; as, a heavy fall of rain or
snow; a heavy failure; heavy business transactions, etc.;
often implying strength; as, a heavy barrier; also,
difficult to move; as, a heavy draught.
2. Not easy to bear; burdensome; oppressive; hard to endure
or accomplish; hence, grievous, afflictive; as, heavy
yokes, expenses, undertakings, trials, news, etc.
The hand of the Lord was heavy upon them of Ashdod.
--1 Sam. v. 6.
The king himself hath a heavy reckoning to make.
--Shak.
Sent hither to impart the heavy news. --Wordsworth.
Trust him not in matter of heavy consequence.
--Shak.
3. Laden with that which is weighty; encumbered; burdened;
bowed down, either with an actual burden, or with care,
grief, pain, disappointment.
The heavy [sorrowing] nobles all in council were.
--Chapman.
A light wife doth make a heavy husband. --Shak.
4. Slow; sluggish; inactive; or lifeless, dull, inanimate,
stupid; as, a heavy gait, looks, manners, style, and the
like; a heavy writer or book.
Whilst the heavy plowman snores. --Shak.
Of a heavy, dull, degenerate mind. --Dryden.
Neither [is] his ear heavy, that it can not hear.
--Is. lix. 1.
5. Strong; violent; forcible; as, a heavy sea, storm,
cannonade, and the like.
6. Loud; deep; -- said of sound; as, heavy thunder.
But, hark! that heavy sound breaks in once more.
--Byron.
7. Dark with clouds, or ready to rain; gloomy; -- said of the
sky.
8. Impeding motion; cloggy; clayey; -- said of earth; as, a
heavy road, soil, and the like.
9. Not raised or made light; as, heavy bread.
10. Not agreeable to, or suitable for, the stomach; not
easily digested; -- said of food.
11. Having much body or strength; -- said of wines, or other
liquors.
12. With child; pregnant. [R.]
{Heavy artillery}. (Mil.)
(a) Guns of great weight or large caliber, esp. siege,
garrison, and seacoast guns.
(b) Troops which serve heavy guns.
{Heavy cavalry}. See under {Cavalry}.
{Heavy fire} (Mil.), a continuous or destructive cannonading,
or discharge of small arms.
{Heavy metal} (Mil.), large guns carrying balls of a large
size; also, large balls for such guns.
{Heavy metals}. (Chem.) See under {Metal}.
{Heavy weight}, in wrestling, boxing, etc., a term applied to
the heaviest of the classes into which contestants are
divided. Cf. {Feather weight}
(c), under {Feather}.
Note: Heavy is used in composition to form many words which
need no special explanation; as, heavy-built,
heavy-browed, heavy-gaited, etc.
Heavy \Heav"y\, adv.
Heavily; -- sometimes used in composition; as, heavy-laden.
Heavy \Heav"y\, v. t.
To make heavy. [Obs.] --Wyclif.
Heavy-armed \Heav"y-armed`\, a. (Mil.)
Wearing heavy or complete armor; carrying heavy arms.
Heavy-haded \Heav"y-had"ed\, a.
Clumsy; awkward.
Heavy-headed \Heav"y-head"ed\, a.
Dull; stupid. ``Gross heavy-headed fellows.'' --Beau. & Fl.
Heavy spar \Heav"y spar`\ (Min.)
Native barium sulphate or barite, -- so called because of its
high specific gravity as compared with other non-metallic
minerals.
Hebdomad \Heb"do*mad\, n. [L. hebdomas, -adis, Gr. "ebdoma`s the
number seven days, fr. ? seventh, ? seven. See {Seven}.]
A week; a period of seven days. [R.] --Sir T. Browne.
Hebdomadal \Heb*dom"a*dal\, Hebdomadary \Heb*dom"a*da*ry\, a.
[L. hebdomadalis, LL. hebdomadarius: cf. F. hebdomadaire.]
Consisting of seven days, or occurring at intervals of seven
days; weekly.
Hebdomadally \Heb*dom"a*dal*ly\, adv.
In periods of seven days; weekly. --Lowell.
Hebdomadary \Heb*dom"a*da*ry\, n. [LL. hebdomadarius: cf. F.
hebdomadier.] (R. C. Ch.)
A member of a chapter or convent, whose week it is to
officiate in the choir, and perform other services, which, on
extraordinary occasions, are performed by the superiors.
Hebdomatical \Heb`do*mat"ic*al\, a. [L. hebdomaticus, Gr. ?.]
Weekly; hebdomadal. [Obs.]
Hebe \He"be\, n. [L., fr. Gr. "h`bh youth, "H`bh Hebe.]
1. (Class. Myth.) The goddess of youth, daughter of Jupiter
and Juno. She was believed to have the power of restoring
youth and beauty to those who had lost them.
2. (Zo["o]l.) An African ape; the hamadryas.
Heben \Heb"en\, n.
Ebony. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hebenon \Heb"e*non\, n.
See {Henbane}. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hebetate \Heb"e*tate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hebetated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Hebetating}.] [L. hebetatus, p. p. of hebetare to
dull. See {Hebete}.]
To render obtuse; to dull; to blunt; to stupefy; as, to
hebetate the intellectual faculties. --Southey
Hebetate \Heb"e*tate\, a.
1. Obtuse; dull.
2. (Bot.) Having a dull or blunt and soft point. --Gray.
Hebetation \Heb`e*ta"tion\, n. [L. hebetatio: cf. F.
h['e]b['e]tation.]
1. The act of making blunt, dull, or stupid.
2. The state of being blunted or dulled.
Hebete \He*bete"\, a. [L. hebes, hebetis, dull, stupid, fr.
hebere to be dull.]
Dull; stupid. [Obs.]
Hebetude \Heb"e*tude\, n. [L. hebetudo.]
Dullness; stupidity. --Harvey.
Hebraic \He"bra"ic\, a. [L. Hebraicus, Gr. ?: cf. F.
hebra["i]que. See {Hebrew}.]
Of or pertaining to the Hebrews, or to the language of the
Hebrews.
Hebraically \He*bra"ic*al*ly\, adv.
After the manner of the Hebrews or of the Hebrew language.
Hebraism \He"bra*ism\, n. [Cf. F. h['e]bra["i]sme.]
1. A Hebrew idiom or custom; a peculiar expression or manner
of speaking in the Hebrew language. --Addison.
2. The type of character of the Hebrews.
The governing idea of Hebraism is strictness of
conscience. --M. Arnold.
Hebraist \He"bra*ist\, n. [Cf. F. h['e]bra["i]ste.]
One versed in the Hebrew language and learning.
Hebraistic \He`bra*is"tic\, a.
Pertaining to, or resembling, the Hebrew language or idiom.
Hebraistically \He`bra*is"tic*al*ly\, adv.
In a Hebraistic sense or form.
Which is Hebraistically used in the New Testament.
--Kitto.
Hebraize \He"bra*ize\, v. t. [Gr. ? to speak Hebrew: cf. F.
h['e]bra["i]ser.]
To convert into the Hebrew idiom; to make Hebrew or
Hebraistic. --J. R. Smith.
Hebraize \He"bra*ize\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hebraized}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Hebraizing}.]
To speak Hebrew, or to conform to the Hebrew idiom, or to
Hebrew customs.
Hebrew \He"brew\, n. [F. H['e]breu, L. Hebraeus, Gr. ?, fr. Heb.
'ibhr[=i].]
1. An appellative of Abraham or of one of his descendants,
esp. in the line of Jacob; an Israelite; a Jew.
There came one that had escaped and told Abram the
Hebrew. --Gen. xiv.
13.
2. The language of the Hebrews; -- one of the Semitic family
of languages.
Hebrew \He"brew\, a.
Of or pertaining to the Hebrews; as, the Hebrew language or
rites.
Hebrewess \He"brew*ess\, n.
An Israelitish woman.
Hebrician \He*bri"cian\, n.
A Hebraist. [R.]
Hebridean \He*brid"e*an\, Hebridian \He*brid"i*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to the islands called Hebrides, west of
Scotland. -- n. A native or inhabitant of the Hebrides.
Hecatomb \Hec"a*tomb\, n. [L. hecatombe, Gr. ?; ? hundred + ?
ox: cf. F. h['e]catombe.] (Antiq.)
A sacrifice of a hundred oxen or cattle at the same time;
hence, the sacrifice or slaughter of any large number of
victims.
Slaughtered hecatombs around them bleed. --Addison.
More than a human hecatomb. --Byron.
Hecatompedon \Hec`a*tom"pe*don\, n. [Gr. ? hundred feet long, ?
? the Parthenon; ? hundred + ? foot.] (Arch.)
A name given to the old Parthenon at Athens, because
measuring 100 Greek feet, probably in the width across the
stylobate.
Hecdecane \Hec"de*cane\, n. [Gr. ? six + ? ten.] (Chem.)
A white, semisolid, spermaceti-like hydrocarbon, {C16H34}, of
the paraffin series, found dissolved as an important
ingredient of kerosene, and so called because each molecule
has sixteen atoms of carbon; -- called also {hexadecane}.
Heck \Heck\, n. [See {Hatch} a half door.] [Written also
{hack}.]
1. The bolt or latch of a door. [Prov. Eng.]
2. A rack for cattle to feed at. [Prov. Eng.]
3. A door, especially one partly of latticework; -- called
also {heck door}. [Prov. Eng.] --Halliwell.
4. A latticework contrivance for catching fish.
5. (Weaving) An apparatus for separating the threads of warps
into sets, as they are wound upon the reel from the
bobbins, in a warping machine.
6. A bend or winding of a stream. [Prov. Eng.]
{Half heck}, the lower half of a door.
{Heck board}, the loose board at the bottom or back of a
cart.
{Heck} {box or frame}, that which carries the heck in
warping.
Heckimal \Heck"i*mal\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The European blue titmouse ({Parus c[oe]ruleus}). [Written
also {heckimel}, {hackeymal}, {hackmall}, {hagmall}, and
{hickmall}.]
Heckle \Hec"kle\, n. & v. t.
Same as {Hackle}.
Hectare \Hec"tare`\, n. [F., fr. Gr. ? hundred + F. are an are.]
A measure of area, or superficies, containing a hundred ares,
or 10,000 square meters, and equivalent to 2.471 acres.
Hectic \Hec"tic\, a. [F. hectique, Gr. ? habitual, consumptive,
fr. ? habit, a habit of body or mind, fr. ? to have; akin to
Skr. sah to overpower, endure; cf. AS. sige, sigor, victory,
G. sieg, Goth. sigis. Cf. {Scheme}.]
1. Habitual; constitutional; pertaining especially to slow
waste of animal tissue, as in consumption; as, a hectic
type in disease; a hectic flush.
2. In a hectic condition; having hectic fever; consumptive;
as, a hectic patient.
{Hectic fever} (Med.), a fever of irritation and debility,
occurring usually at a advanced stage of exhausting
disease, as a in pulmonary consumption.
Hectic \Hec"tic\, n.
1. (Med.) Hectic fever.
2. A hectic flush.
It is no living hue, but a strange hectic. --Byron.
Hectocotylized \Hec`to*cot"y*lized\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Changed into a hectocotylus; having a hectocotylis.
Hectocotylus \Hec`to*cot"y*lus\, n.; pl. {Hectocotyli}. [NL.,
fr. Gr. ? a hundred + ? a hollow vessel.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the arms of the male of most kinds of cephalopods,
which is specially modified in various ways to effect the
fertilization of the eggs. In a special sense, the greatly
modified arm of Argonauta and allied genera, which, after
receiving the spermatophores, becomes detached from the male,
and attaches itself to the female for reproductive purposes.
Hectogram \Hec"to*gram\, n. [F. hectogramme, fr. Gr. ? hundred +
F. gramme a gram.]
A measure of weight, containing a hundred grams, or about
3.527 ounces avoirdupois.
Hectogramme \Hec"to*gramme\, n. [F.]
The same as {Hectogram}.
Hectograph \Hec"to*graph\, n. [Gr. ? hundred + -graph.]
A contrivance for multiple copying, by means of a surface of
gelatin softened with glycerin. [Written also {hectograph}.]
Hectoliter \Hec"to*li`ter\, Hectolitre \Hec"to*li`tre\, n. [F.
hectolitre, fr. Gr. ? hundred + F. litre a liter.]
A measure of liquids, containing a hundred liters; equal to a
tenth of a cubic meter, nearly 261/2 gallons of wine measure,
or 22.0097 imperial gallons. As a dry measure, it contains
ten decaliters, or about 25/6 Winchester bushels.
Hectometer \Hec"to*me`ter\, Hectometre \Hec"to*me`tre\, n. [F. ?
hectom[`e]tre, fr. Gr. ? hundred + F. m[`e]tre a meter.]
A measure of length, equal to a hundred meters. It is
equivalent to 328.09 feet.
Hector \Hec"tor\, n. [From the Trojan warrior Hector, the son of
Priam.]
A bully; a blustering, turbulent, insolent, fellow; one who
vexes or provokes.
Hector \Hec"tor\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hectored}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hectoring}.]
To treat with insolence; to threaten; to bully; hence, to
torment by words; to tease; to taunt; to worry or irritate by
bullying. --Dryden.
Hector \Hec"tor\, v. i.
To play the bully; to bluster; to be turbulent or insolent.
--Swift.
Hectorism \Hec"to*rism\, n.
The disposition or the practice of a hector; a bullying. [R.]
Hectorly \Hec"tor*ly\, a.
Resembling a hector; blustering; insolent; taunting.
``Hectorly, ruffianlike swaggering or huffing.'' --Barrow.
Hectostere \Hec"to*stere\, n. [F. hectost[`e]re; Gr. ? hundred +
F. st[`e]re.]
A measure of solidity, containing one hundred cubic meters,
and equivalent to 3531.66 English or 3531.05 United States
cubic feet.
Heddle \Hed"dle\, n.; pl. {Heddles}. [Cf. {Heald}.] (Weaving)
One of the sets of parallel doubled threads which, with
mounting, compose the harness employed to guide the warp
threads to the lathe or batten in a loom.
Heddle \Hed"dle\, v. t.
To draw (the warp thread) through the heddle-eyes, in
weaving.
Heddle-eye \Hed"dle-eye`\, n. (Weaving)
The eye or loop formed in each heddle to receive a warp
thread.
Heddling \Hed"dling\, vb. n.
The act of drawing the warp threads through the heddle-eyes
of a weaver's harness; the harness itself. --Knight.
Hederaceous \Hed`er*a"ceous\, a. [L. hederaceus, fr. hedera
ivy.]
Of, pertaining to, or resembling, ivy.
Hederal \Hed"er*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to ivy.
Hederic \He*der"ic\, a.
Pertaining to, or derived from, the ivy ({Hedera}); as,
hederic acid, an acid of the acetylene series.
Hederiferous \Hed`er*if"er*ous\, a. [L. hedera ivy + -ferous.]
Producing ivy; ivy-bearing.
Hederose \Hed"er*ose`\, a. [L. hederosus, fr. hedera ivy.]
Pertaining to, or of, ivy; full of ivy.
Hedge \Hedge\, n. [OE. hegge, AS. hecg; akin to haga an
inclosure, E. haw, AS. hege hedge, E. haybote, D. hegge, OHG.
hegga, G. hecke. [root]12. See {Haw} a hedge.]
A thicket of bushes, usually thorn bushes; especially, such a
thicket planted as a fence between any two portions of land;
and also any sort of shrubbery, as evergreens, planted in a
line or as a fence; particularly, such a thicket planted
round a field to fence it, or in rows to separate the parts
of a garden.
The roughest berry on the rudest hedge. --Shak.
Through the verdant maze Of sweetbrier hedges I pursue
my walk. --Thomson.
Note: Hedge, when used adjectively or in composition, often
means rustic, outlandish, illiterate, poor, or mean;
as, hedge priest; hedgeborn, etc.
{Hedge bells}, {Hedge bindweed} (Bot.), a climbing plant
related to the morning-glory ({Convolvulus sepium}).
{Hedge bill}, a long-handled billhook.
{Hedge garlic} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Alliaria}. See
{Garlic mustard}, under {Garlic}.
{Hedge hyssop} (Bot.), a bitter herb of the genus {Gratiola},
the leaves of which are emetic and purgative.
{Hedge marriage}, a secret or clandestine marriage,
especially one performed by a hedge priest. [Eng.]
{Hedge mustard} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Sisymbrium},
belonging to the Mustard family.
{Hedge nettle} (Bot.), an herb, or under shrub, of the genus
{Stachys}, belonging to the Mint family. It has a
nettlelike appearance, though quite harmless.
{Hedge note}.
(a) The note of a hedge bird.
(b) Low, contemptible writing. [Obs.] --Dryden.
{Hedge priest}, a poor, illiterate priest. --Shak.
{Hedge school}, an open-air school in the shelter of a hedge,
in Ireland; a school for rustics.
{Hedge sparrow} (Zo["o]l.), a European warbler ({Accentor
modularis}) which frequents hedges. Its color is reddish
brown, and ash; the wing coverts are tipped with white.
Called also {chanter}, {hedge warbler}, {dunnock}, and
{doney}.
{Hedge writer}, an insignificant writer, or a writer of low,
scurrilous stuff. [Obs.] --Swift.
{To breast up a hedge}. See under {Breast}.
{To hang in the hedge}, to be at a standstill. ``While the
business of money hangs in the hedge.'' --Pepys.
Hedge \Hedge\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hedged}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hedging}.]
1. To inclose or separate with a hedge; to fence with a
thickly set line or thicket of shrubs or small trees; as,
to hedge a field or garden.
2. To obstruct, as a road, with a barrier; to hinder from
progress or success; -- sometimes with up and out.
I will hedge up thy way with thorns. --Hos. ii. 6.
Lollius Urbius . . . drew another wall . . . to
hedge out incursions from the north. --Milton.
3. To surround for defense; to guard; to protect; to hem
(in). ``England, hedged in with the main.'' --Shak.
4. To surround so as to prevent escape.
That is a law to hedge in the cuckoo. --Locke.
{To hedge a bet}, to bet upon both sides; that is, after
having bet on one side, to bet also on the other, thus
guarding against loss.
Hedge \Hedge\, v. i.
1. To shelter one's self from danger, risk, duty,
responsibility, etc., as if by hiding in or behind a
hedge; to skulk; to slink; to shirk obligations.
I myself sometimes, leaving the fear of God on the
left hand and hiding mine honor in my necessity, am
fain to shuffle, to hedge and to lurch. --Shak.
2. (Betting) To reduce the risk of a wager by making a bet
against the side or chance one has bet on.
3. To use reservations and qualifications in one's speech so
as to avoid committing one's self to anything definite.
The Heroic Stanzas read much more like an elaborate
attempt to hedge between the parties than . . . to
gain favor from the Roundheads. --Saintsbury.
Hedgeborn \Hedge"born`\, a.
Born under a hedge; of low birth. --Shak.
Hedgebote \Hedge"bote`\, n. (Eng. Law)
Same as {Haybote}.
Hedgehog \Hedge"hog`\, n.
1. (Zo["o]l.) A small European insectivore ({Erinaceus
Europ[ae]us}), and other allied species of Asia and
Africa, having the hair on the upper part of its body
mixed with prickles or spines. It is able to roll itself
into a ball so as to present the spines outwardly in every
direction. It is nocturnal in its habits, feeding chiefly
upon insects.
2. (Zo["o]l.) The Canadian porcupine.[U.S]
3. (Bot.) A species of {Medicago} ({M. intertexta}), the pods
of which are armed with short spines; -- popularly so
called. --Loudon.
4. A form of dredging machine. --Knight.
{Hedgehog caterpillar} (Zo["o]l.), the hairy larv[ae] of
several species of bombycid moths, as of the Isabella
moth. It curls up like a hedgehog when disturbed. See
{Woolly bear}, and {Isabella moth}.
{Hedgehog fish} (Zo["o]l.), any spinose plectognath fish,
esp. of the genus {Diodon}; the porcupine fish.
{Hedgehog grass} (Bot.), a grass with spiny involucres,
growing on sandy shores; burgrass ({Cenchrus
tribuloides}).
{Hedgehog rat} (Zo["o]l.), one of several West Indian
rodents, allied to the porcupines, but with ratlike tails,
and few quills, or only stiff bristles. The hedgehog rats
belong to {Capromys}, {Plagiodon}, and allied genera.
{Hedgehog shell} (Zo["o]l.), any spinose, marine, univalve
shell of the genus {Murex}.
{Hedgehog thistle} (Bot.), a plant of the Cactus family,
globular in form, and covered with spines
({Echinocactus}).
{Sea hedgehog}. See {Diodon}.
Hedgeless \Hedge"less\, a.
Having no hedge.
Hedgepig \Hedge"pig`\, n.
A young hedgehog. --Shak.
Hedger \Hedg"er\, n.
One who makes or mends hedges; also, one who hedges, as, in
betting.
Hedgerow \Hedge"row`\, n.
A row of shrubs, or trees, planted for inclosure or
separation of fields.
By hedgerow elms and hillocks green. --Milton.
Hedging bill \Hedg"ing bill`\
A hedge bill. See under {Hedge}.
Hedonic \He*don"ic\, a. [Gr. ?, fr. ? pleasure, ? sweet,
pleasant.]
1. Pertaining to pleasure.
2. Of or relating to Hedonism or the Hedonic sect.
Hedonistic \Hed`o*nis"tic\, a.
Same as {Hedonic}, 2.
Heed \Heed\ (h[=e]d), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Heeded}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Heeding}.] [OE. heden, AS. h[=e]dan; akin to OS.
h[=o]dian, D. hoeden, Fries. hoda, OHG. huoten, G. h["u]ten,
Dan. hytte. [root]13. Cf. {Hood}.]
To mind; to regard with care; to take notice of; to attend
to; to observe.
With pleasure Argus the musician heeds. --Dryden.
Syn: To notice; regard; mind. See {Attend}, v. t.
Heed \Heed\, v. i.
To mind; to consider.
Heed \Heed\, n.
1. Attention; notice; observation; regard; -- often with give
or take.
With wanton heed and giddy cunning. --Milton.
Amasa took no heed to the sword that was in Joab's
hand. --2 Sam. xx.
10.
Birds give more heed and mark words more than
beasts. --Bacon.
2. Careful consideration; obedient regard.
Therefore we ought to give the more earnest heed to
the things which we have heard. --Heb. ii. 1.
3. A look or expression of heading. [R.]
He did it with a serious mind; a heed Was in his
countenance. --Shak.
Heedful \Heed"ful\, a.
Full of heed; regarding with care; cautious; circumspect;
attentive; vigilant. --Shak. -- {Heed"ful*ly}, adv. --
{Heed"ful*ness}, n.
Heedless \Heed"less\, a.
Without heed or care; inattentive; careless; thoughtless;
unobservant.
O, negligent and heedless discipline! --Shak.
The heedless lover does not know Whose eyes they are
that wound him so. --Waller.
-- {Heed"less*ly}, adv. -- {Heed"less*ness}, n.
Heedy \Heed"y\, a.
Heedful. [Obs.] ``Heedy shepherds.'' --Spenser. --
{Heed"i*ly}, adv. [Obs.] -- {Heed"i*ness}, n. [Obs.]
--Spenser.
Heel \Heel\ (h[=e]l), v. i. [OE. helden to lean, incline, AS.
heldan, hyldan; akin to Icel. halla, Dan. helde, Sw. h["a]lla
to tilt, pour, and perh. to E. hill.] (Naut.)
To lean or tip to one side, as a ship; as, the ship heels
aport; the boat heeled over when the squall struck it.
{Heeling error} (Naut.), a deviation of the compass caused by
the heeling of an iron vessel to one side or the other.
Heel \Heel\, n. [OE. hele, heele, AS. h[=e]la, perh. for
h[=o]hila, fr. AS. h[=o]h heel (cf. {Hough}); but cf. D.
hiel, OFries. heila, h[=e]la, Icel. h[ae]ll, Dan. h[ae]l, Sw.
h["a]l, and L. calx. [root]12. Cf. {Inculcate}.]
1. The hinder part of the foot; sometimes, the whole foot; --
in man or quadrupeds.
He [the stag] calls to mind his strength and then
his speed, His winged heels and then his armed head.
--Denham.
2. The hinder part of any covering for the foot, as of a
shoe, sock, etc.; specif., a solid part projecting
downward from the hinder part of the sole of a boot or
shoe.
3. The latter or remaining part of anything; the closing or
concluding part. ``The heel of a hunt.'' --A. Trollope.
``The heel of the white loaf.'' --Sir W. Scott.
4. Anything regarded as like a human heel in shape; a
protuberance; a knob.
5. The part of a thing corresponding in position to the human
heel; the lower part, or part on which a thing rests;
especially:
(a) (Naut.) The after end of a ship's keel.
(b) (Naut.) The lower end of a mast, a boom, the bowsprit,
the sternpost, etc.
(c) (Mil.) In a small arm, the corner of the but which is
upwards in the firing position.
(d) (Mil.) The uppermost part of the blade of a sword,
next to the hilt.
(e) The part of any tool next the tang or handle; as, the
heel of a scythe.
6. (Man.) Management by the heel, especially the spurred
heel; as, the horse understands the heel well.
7. (Arch.)
(a) The lower end of a timber in a frame, as a post or
rafter. In the United States, specif., the obtuse
angle of the lower end of a rafter set sloping.
(b) A cyma reversa; -- so called by workmen. --Gwilt.
{Heel chain} (Naut.), a chain passing from the bowsprit cap
around the heel of the jib boom.
{Heel plate}, the butt plate of a gun.
{Heel of a rafter}. (Arch.) See {Heel}, n., 7.
{Heel ring}, a ring for fastening a scythe blade to the
snath.
{Neck and heels}, the whole body. (Colloq.)
{To be at the heels of}, to pursue closely; to follow hard;
as, hungry want is at my heels. --Otway.
{To be down at the heel}, to be slovenly or in a poor plight.
{To be out at the heels}, to have on stockings that are worn
out; hence, to be shabby, or in a poor plight. --Shak.
{To cool the heels}. See under {Cool}.
{To go heels over head}, to turn over so as to bring the
heels uppermost; hence, to move in a inconsiderate, or
rash, manner.
{To have the heels of}, to outrun.
{To lay by the heels}, to fetter; to shackle; to imprison.
--Shak. --Addison.
{To show the heels}, to flee; to run from.
{To take to the heels}, to flee; to betake to flight.
{To throw up another's heels}, to trip him. --Bunyan.
{To tread upon one's heels}, to follow closely. --Shak.
Heel \Heel\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Heeled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Heeling}.]
1. To perform by the use of the heels, as in dancing,
running, and the like. [R.]
I cannot sing, Nor heel the high lavolt. --Shak.
2. To add a heel to; as, to heel a shoe.
3. To arm with a gaff, as a cock for fighting.
Heelball \Heel"ball`\, n.
A composition of wax and lampblack, used by shoemakers for
polishing, and by antiquaries in copying inscriptions.
Heeler \Heel"er\, n.
1. A cock that strikes well with his heels or spurs.
2. A dependent and subservient hanger-on of a political
patron. [Political Cant, U. S.]
The army of hungry heelers who do their bidding.
--The Century.
Heelless \Heel"less\, a.
Without a heel.
Heelpiece \Heel"piece`\, n.
1. A piece of armor to protect the heels. --Chesterfield.
2. A piece of leather fixed on the heel of a shoe.
3. The end. ``The heelpiece of his book.'' --Lloyd.
Heelpost \Heel"post`\, n.
1. (Naut.) The post supporting the outer end of a propeller
shaft.
2. (Carp.) The post to which a gate or door is hinged.
3. (Engineering) The quoin post of a lock gate.
Heelspur \Heel"spur`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A slender bony or cartilaginous process developed from the
heel bone of bats. It helps to support the wing membranes.
See Illust. of {Cheiropter}.
Heeltap \Heel"tap`\, n.
1. One of the segments of leather in the heel of a shoe.
2. A small portion of liquor left in a glass after drinking.
``Bumpers around and no heeltaps.'' --Sheridan.
Heeltap \Heel"tap`\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Heeltapped}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Heeltapping}.]
To add a piece of leather to the heel of (a shoe, boot, etc.)
Heeltool \Heel"tool`\, n.
A tool used by turners in metal, having a bend forming a heel
near the cutting end.
Heep \Heep\, n.
The hip of the dog-rose. [Obs.]
Heer \Heer\, n.[Etymol. uncertain.]
A yarn measure of six hundred yards or 1/24 of a spindle. See
{Spindle}.
Heer \Heer\, n. [See {Hair}.]
Hair. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Heft \Heft\, n.
Same as {Haft}, n. [Obs.] --Waller.
Heft \Heft\, n. [From {Heave}: cf. hefe weight. Cf. {Haft}.]
1. The act or effort of heaving? violent strain or exertion.
[Obs.]
He craks his gorge, his sides, With violent hefts.
--Shak.
2. Weight; ponderousness. [Colloq.]
A man of his age and heft. --T. Hughes.
3. The greater part or bulk of anything; as, the heft of the
crop was spoiled. [Colloq. U. S.] --J. Pickering.
Heft \Heft\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hefted} ({Heft}, obs.); p. pr.
& vb. n. {Hefting}.]
1. To heave up; to raise aloft.
Inflamed with wrath, his raging blade he heft.
--Spenser.
2. To prove or try the weight of by raising. [Colloq.]
Hefty \Heft"y\, a.
Moderately heavy. [Colloq. U. S.]
Hegelian \He*ge"li*an\ (?; 106), a.
Pertaining to Hegelianism. -- n. A follower of Hegel.
Hegelianism \He*ge"li*an*ism\, Hegelism \He"gel*ism\, n.
The system of logic and philosophy set forth by Hegel, a
German writer (1770-1831).
Hegemonic \Heg`e*mon"ic\, Hegemonical \Heg`e*mon"ic*al\, a. [Gr.
?. See {Hegemony}.]
Leading; controlling; ruling; predominant. ``Princelike and
hegemonical.'' --Fotherby.
Hegemony \He*gem`o*ny\, n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? guide, leader, fr. ? to
go before.]
Leadership; preponderant influence or authority; -- usually
applied to the relation of a government or state to its
neighbors or confederates. --Lieber.
Hegge \Heg"ge\, n.
A hedge. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hegira \He*gi"ra\ (?; 277), n. [Written also {hejira}.] [Ar.
hijrah flight.]
The flight of Mohammed from Mecca, September 13, A. D. 622
(subsequently established as the first year of the Moslem
era); hence, any flight or exodus regarded as like that of
Mohammed.
Note: The starting point of the Era was made to begin, not
from the date of the flight, but from the first day of
the Arabic year, which corresponds to July 16, A. D.
622.
Heifer \Heif"er\, n. [OE. hayfare, AS. he['a]hfore, he['a]fore;
the second part of this word seems akin to AS. fearr bull,
ox; akin to OHG. farro, G. farre, D. vaars, heifer, G.
f["a]rse, and perh. to Gr. ?, ?, calf, heifer.] (Zo["o]l.)
A young cow.
Heigh-ho \Heigh"-ho\ (h[imac]"-h[=o]), interj.
An exclamation of surprise, joy, dejection, uneasiness,
weariness, etc. --Shak.
Height \Height\, n. [Written also {hight}.] [OE. heighte, heght,
heighthe, AS. he['a]h?u, fr. heah high; akin to D. hoogte,
Sw. h["o]jd, Dan. h["o]ide, Icel. h[ae]?, Goth. hauhipa. See
{High}.]
1. The condition of being high; elevated position.
Behold the height of the stars, how high they are!
--Job xxii.
12.
2. The distance to which anything rises above its foot, above
that on which in stands, above the earth, or above the
level of the sea; altitude; the measure upward from a
surface, as the floor or the ground, of animal, especially
of a man; stature. --Bacon.
[Goliath's] height was six cubits and a span. --1
Sam. xvii. 4.
3. Degree of latitude either north or south. [Obs.]
Guinea lieth to the north sea, in the same height as
Peru to the south. --Abp. Abbot.
4. That which is elevated; an eminence; a hill or mountain;
as, Alpine heights. --Dryden.
5. Elevation in excellence of any kind, as in power,
learning, arts; also, an advanced degree of social rank;
pre["e]minence or distinction in society; prominence.
Measure your mind's height by the shade it casts.
--R. Browning.
All would in his power hold, all make his subjects.
--Chapman.
6. Progress toward eminence; grade; degree.
Social duties are carried to greater heights, and
enforced with stronger motives by the principles of
our religion. --Addison.
7. Utmost degree in extent; extreme limit of energy or
condition; as, the height of a fever, of passion, of
madness, of folly; the height of a tempest.
My grief was at the height before thou camest.
--Shak.
{On height}, aloud. [Obs.]
[He] spake these same words, all on hight.
--Chaucer.
Heighten \Height"en\ (h[imac]t"'n), v. t. [Written also
{highten}.] [imp. & p. p. {Heightened}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Heightening}.]
1. To make high; to raise higher; to elevate.
2. To carry forward; to advance; to increase; to augment; to
aggravate; to intensify; to render more conspicuous; --
used of things, good or bad; as, to heighten beauty; to
heighten a flavor or a tint. ``To heighten our
confusion.'' --Addison.
An aspect of mystery which was easily heightened to
the miraculous. --Hawthorne.
Heightener \Height"en*er\, n. [Written also hightener.]
One who, or that which, heightens.
Heinous \Hei"nous\, a. [OF. ha["i]nos hateful, F. haineux, fr.
OF. ha["i]ne hate, F. haine, fr. ha["i]r to hate; of German
origin. See {Hate}.]
Hateful; hatefully bad; flagrant; odious; atrocious; giving
great great offense; -- applied to deeds or to character.
It were most heinous and accursed sacrilege. --Hooker.
How heinous had the fact been, how deserving Contempt!
--Milton.
Syn: Monstrous; flagrant; flagitious; atrocious. --
{Hei"nous*ly}, adv. -- {Hei"nous*ness}, n.
Heir \Heir\, n. [OE. heir, eir, hair, OF. heir, eir, F. hoir, L.
heres; of uncertain origin. Cf. {Hereditary}, {Heritage}.]
1. One who inherits, or is entitled to succeed to the
possession of, any property after the death of its owner;
one on whom the law bestows the title or property of
another at the death of the latter.
I am my father's heir and only son. --Shak.
2. One who receives any endowment from an ancestor or
relation; as, the heir of one's reputation or virtues.
And I his heir in misery alone. --Pope.
{Heir apparent}. (Law.) See under {Apparent}.
{Heir at law}, one who, after his ancector's death, has a
right to inherit all his intestate estate. --Wharton (Law
Dict.).
{Heir presumptive}, one who, if the ancestor should die
immediately, would be his heir, but whose right to the
inheritance may be defeated by the birth of a nearer
relative, or by some other contingency.
Heir \Heir\, v. t.
To inherit; to succeed to. [R.]
One only daughter heired the royal state. --Dryden.
Heirdom \Heir"dom\, n.
The state of an heir; succession by inheritance. --Burke.
Heiress \Heir"ess\, n.
A female heir.
Heirless \Heir"less\ a.
Destitute of an heir. --Shak.
Heirloom \Heir"loom`\, n. [Heir + loom, in its earlier sense of
implement, tool. See {Loom} the frame.]
Any furniture, movable, or personal chattel, which by law or
special custom descends to the heir along with the
inheritance; any piece of personal property that has been in
a family for several generations.
Woe to him whose daring hand profanes The honored
heirlooms of his ancestors. --Moir.
Heirship \Heir"ship\, n.
The state, character, or privileges of an heir; right of
inheriting.
{Heirship movables}, certain kinds of movables which the heir
is entitled to take, besides the heritable estate. [Scot.]
Hejira \He*ji"ra\, n.
See {Hegira}.
Hektare \Hek"tare`\, Hektogram \Hek"to*gram\, Hektoliter
\Hek"to*li`ter\, & Hektometer \Hek"to*me`ter\, n.
Same as {Hectare}, {Hectogram}, {Hectoliter}, and
{Hectometer}.
Hektograph \Hek"to*graph\, n.
See {Hectograph}.
Helamys \Hel*a*mys\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? fawn + ? mouse.]
(Zo["o]l.)
See {Jumping hare}, under {Hare}.
Helcoplasty \Hel"co*plas`ty\, n. [Gr. ? a wound + -plasty.]
(Med.)
The act or process of repairing lesions made by ulcers,
especially by a plastic operation.
Held \Held\,
imp. & p. p. of {Hold}.
Hele \Hele\, n. [See {Heal}, n.]
Health; welfare. [Obs.] ``In joy and perfyt hele.''
--Chaucer.
Hele \Hele\, v. t. [AS. helan, akin to D. helen, OHG. helan, G.
hehlen, L. celare. [root]17. See {Hell}, and cf. {Conceal}.]
To hide; to cover; to roof. [Obs.]
Hide and hele things. --Chaucer.
Helena \Hel"e*na\, n. [L.: cf. Sp. helena.]
See {St. Elmo's fire}, under {Saint}.
Helenin \Hel"e*nin\, n. (Chem.)
A neutral organic substance found in the root of the
elecampane ({Inula helenium}), and extracted as a white
crystalline or oily material, with a slightly bitter taste.
Heliac \He"li*ac\, a.
Heliacal.
Heliacal \He*li"a*cal\, a. [Gr. ? belonging to the sun, fr. ?
the sun: cf. F. h['e]liaque.] (Astron.)
Emerging from the light of the sun, or passing into it;
rising or setting at the same, or nearly the same, time as
the sun. --Sir T. Browne.
Note: The heliacal rising of a star is when, after being in
conjunction with the sun, and invisible, it emerges
from the light so as to be visible in the morning
before sunrising. On the contrary, the heliacal setting
of a star is when the sun approaches conjunction so
near as to render the star invisible.
Heliacally \He*li"a*cal*ly\, adv.
In a heliacal manner. --De Quincey.
Helianthin \He`li*an"thin\, n. [Prob. fr. L. helianthes, or NL.
helianthus, sunflower, in allusion to its color.] (Chem.)
An artificial, orange dyestuff, analogous to tropaolin, and
like it used as an indicator in alkalimetry; -- called also
{methyl orange}.
Helianthoid \He`li*an"thoid\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of or pertaining to the Helianthoidea.
Helianthoidea \He`li*an"thoi"de*a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. L.
helianthes sunflower + -oid.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of Anthozoa; the Actinaria.
Helical \Hel"i*cal\, a. [From {Helix}.]
Of or pertaining to, or in the form of, a helix; spiral; as,
a helical staircase; a helical spring. -- {Hel"i*cal*ly},
adv.
Helichrysum \Hel`i*chry"sum\, n. [L., the marigold, fr. Gr. ? a
kind of plant.] (Bot.)
A genus of composite plants, with shining, commonly white or
yellow, or sometimes reddish, radiated involucres, which are
often called ``everlasting flowers.''
Heliciform \He*lic"i*form\, a. [Helix + -form.]
Having the form of a helix; spiral.
Helicin \Hel"i*cin\, n. (Chem.)
A glucoside obtained as a white crystalline substance by
partial oxidation of salicin, from a willow ({Salix Helix} of
Linn[ae]us.)
Helicine \Hel"i*cine\, a. (Anat.)
Curled; spiral; helicoid; -- applied esp. to certain arteries
of the penis.
Helicograph \Hel"i*co*graph`\, n. [Helix + -graph.]
An instrument for drawing spiral lines on a plane.
Helicoid \Hel"i*coid\, a. [Gr. ?; "e`lix, -ikos, spiral + ?
shape: cf. F. h['e]lico["i]de. See {Helix}.]
1. Spiral; curved, like the spire of a univalve shell.
2. (Zo["o]l.) Shaped like a snail shell; pertaining to the
{Helicid[ae]}, or Snail family.
{Helicoid parabola} (Math.), the parabolic spiral.
Helicoid \Hel"i*coid\, n. (Geom.)
A warped surface which may be generated by a straight line
moving in such a manner that every point of the line shall
have a uniform motion in the direction of another fixed
straight line, and at the same time a uniform angular motion
about it.
Helicoidal \Hel`i*coid"al\, a.
Same as {Helicoid}. -- {Hel`i*coid"al*ly}, adv.
Helicon \Hel"i*con\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.]
A mountain in B[oe]otia, in Greece, supposed by the Greeks to
be the residence of Apollo and the Muses.
From Helicon's harmonious springs A thousand rills
their mazy progress take. --Gray.
Heliconia \Hel`i*co"ni*a\, n. [NL. See {Helicon}.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of numerous species of {Heliconius}, a genus of tropical
American butterflies. The wings are usually black, marked
with green, crimson, and white.
Heliconian \Hel`i*co"ni*an\, a. [L. Heliconius.]
1. Of or pertaining to Helicon. ``Heliconian honey.''
--Tennyson.
2. (Zo["o]l.) Like or pertaining to the butterflies of the
genus {Heliconius}.
Helicotrema \Hel`i*co"tre"ma\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "e`lix, -ikos, a
helix + ? a hole.] (Anat.)
The opening by which the two scal[ae] communicate at the top
of the cochlea of the ear.
Helio- \He"li*o-\
A combining form from Gr. "h`lios the sun.
Heliocentric \He`li*o*cen"tric\, Heliocentrical
\He`li*o*cen"tric"al\, a. [Helio- + centric, centrical: cf. F.
h['e]liocentrique.] (Astron.)
pertaining to the sun's center, or appearing to be seen from
it; having, or relating to, the sun as a center; -- opposed
to geocentrical.
{Heliocentric parallax}. See under {Parallax}.
{Heliocentric place}, {latitude}, {longitude}, etc. (of a
heavenly body), the direction, latitude, longitude, etc.,
of the body as viewed from the sun.
Heliochrome \He"li*o*chrome\, n. [Helio- + Gr. ? color.]
A photograph in colors.
--R. Hunt.
Heliochromic \He`li*o*chro"mic\, a.
Pertaining to, or produced by, heliochromy.
Heliochromy \He"li*o*chro`my\, n.
The art of producing photographs in color.
Heliograph \He"li*o*graph\, n. [Helio- + -graph.]ets>
1. A picture taken by heliography; a photograph.
2. An instrument for taking photographs of the sun.
3. An apparatus for telegraphing by means of the sun's rays.
See {Heliotrope}, 3.
Heliographic \He`li*o*graph"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to heliography or a heliograph; made by
heliography.
{Heliographic chart}. See under {Chart}.
Heliography \He`li*og"ra*phy\, n. [Helio- + -graphy.]
Photography. --R. Hunt.
Heliogravure \He`li*o*grav"ure\, n. [F. h['e]liogravure.]
The process of photographic engraving.
Heliolater \He`li*ol"a*ter\, n. [Helio- + Gr. ? servant,
worshiper.]
A worshiper of the sun.
Heliolatry \He`li*ol"a*try\, n. [Helio- + Gr. ? service,
worship.]
Sun worship. See {Sabianism}.
Heliolite \He"li*o*lite\, n. [Helio- + -lite.] (Paleon.)
A fossil coral of the genus {Heliolites}, having twelve-rayed
cells. It is found in the Silurian rocks.
Heliometer \He`li*om"e*ter\, n. [Helio- + -meter: cf. F.
h['e]liom[`e]tre.] (Astron.)
An instrument devised originally for measuring the diameter
of the sun; now employed for delicate measurements of the
distance and relative direction of two stars too far apart to
be easily measured in the field of view of an ordinary
telescope.
Heliometric \He`li*o*met"ric\, Heliometrical
\He`li*o*met"ric*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to the heliometer, or to heliometry.
Heliometry \He`li*om"e*try\, n.
The apart or practice of measuring the diameters of heavenly
bodies, their relative distances, etc. See {Heliometer}.
Heliopora \He`li*op"o*ra\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? the sun + ? a
passage, pore.] (Zo["o]l.)
An East Indian stony coral now known to belong to the
Alcyonaria; -- called also {blue coral}.
Helioscope \He"li*o*scope\, n. [Helio- + -scope: cf. F.
h['e]lioscope.] (Astron.)
A telescope or instrument for viewing the sun without injury
to the eyes, as through colored glasses, or with mirrors
which reflect but a small portion of light. --
{He`li*o*scop`ic}, a.
Heliostat \He"li*o*stat\, n. [Helio- + Gr. ? placed, standing,
fr. ? to place, stand: cf. F. h['e]liostate.]
An instrument consisting of a mirror moved by clockwork, by
which a sunbeam is made apparently stationary, by being
steadily directed to one spot during the whole of its diurnal
period; also, a geodetic heliotrope.
Heliotrope \He"li*o*trope\, n. [F. h['e]liotrope, L.
heliotropium, Gr. ?; ? the sun + ? to turn, ? turn. See
{Heliacal}, {Trope}.]
1. (Anc. Astron.) An instrument or machine for showing when
the sun arrived at the tropics and equinoctial line.
2. (Bot.) A plant of the genus {Heliotropium}; -- called also
{turnsole} and {girasole}. {H. Peruvianum} is the commonly
cultivated species with fragrant flowers.
3. (Geodesy & Signal Service) An instrument for making
signals to an observer at a distance, by means of the
sun's rays thrown from a mirror.
4. (Min.) See {Bloodstone}
(a) .
{Heliotrope purple}, a grayish purple color.
Heliotroper \He"li*o*tro`per\, n.
The person at a geodetic station who has charge of the
heliotrope.
Heliotropic \He`li*o*trop"ic\, a. (Bot.)
Manifesting heliotropism; turning toward the sun.
Heliotropism \He`li*ot"ro*pism\, n. [Helio- + Gr. ? to turn.]
(Bot.)
The phenomenon of turning toward the light, seen in many
leaves and flowers.
Heliotype \He"li*o*type\, n. [Helio- + -type.]
A picture obtained by the process of heliotypy.
Heliotypic \He`li*o*typ"ic\, a.
Relating to, or obtained by, heliotypy.
Heliotypy \He"li*o*ty`py\, n.
A method of transferring pictures from photographic negatives
to hardened gelatin plates from which impressions are
produced on paper as by lithography.
Heliozoa \He`li*o*zo"a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? the sun + ? an
animal.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of fresh-water rhizopods having a more or less
globular form, with slender radiating pseudopodia; the sun
animalcule.
Helispheric \Hel`i*spher"ic\, Helispherical \Hel`i*spher"ic*al\,
a. [Helix + spheric, spherical.]
Spiral.
{Helispherical line} (Math.). the rhomb line in navigation.
[R.]
Helium \He"li*um\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? the sun.] (Chem.)
A gaseous element found in the atmospheres of the sun and
earth and in some rare minerals.
Helix \He"lix\, n.; pl. L. {Helices}, E. {Helixes}. [L. helix,
Gr. ?, ?, fr. ? to turn round; cf. L. volvere, and E. volute,
voluble.]
1. (Geom.) A nonplane curve whose tangents are all equally
inclined to a given plane. The common helix is the curve
formed by the thread of the ordinary screw. It is
distinguished from the spiral, all the convolutions of
which are in the plane.
2. (Arch.) A caulicule or little volute under the abacus of
the Corinthian capital.
3. (Anat.) The incurved margin or rim of the external ear.
See Illust. of {Ear}.
4. (Zo["o]l.) A genus of land snails, including a large
number of species.
Note: The genus originally included nearly all shells, but is
now greatly restricted. See {Snail}, {Pulmonifera}.
Hell \Hell\, n. [AS. hell; akin to D. hel, OHG. hella, G.
h["o]lle, Icel. hal, Sw. helfvete, Dan. helvede, Goth. halja,
and to AS. helan to conceal. ???. Cf. {Hele}, v. t.,
{Conceal}, {Cell}, {Helmet}, {Hole}, {Occult}.]
1. The place of the dead, or of souls after death; the grave;
-- called in Hebrew sheol, and by the Greeks hades.
He descended into hell. --Book of
Common Prayer.
Thou wilt not leave my soul in hell. --Ps. xvi. 10.
2. The place or state of punishment for the wicked after
death; the abode of evil spirits. Hence, any mental
torment; anguish. ``Within him hell.'' --Milton.
It is a knell That summons thee to heaven or to
hell. --Shak.
3. A place where outcast persons or things are gathered; as:
(a) A dungeon or prison; also, in certain running games, a
place to which those who are caught are carried for
detention.
(b) A gambling house. ``A convenient little gambling hell
for those who had grown reckless.'' --W. Black.
(c) A place into which a tailor throws his shreds, or a
printer his broken type. --Hudibras.
{Gates of hell}. (Script.) See {Gate}, n., 4.
Hell \Hell\, v. t.
To overwhelm. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hellanodic \Hel`la*nod"ic\, n. [Gr. ?; ?, ?, a Greek + ? right,
judgment.] (Gr. Antiq.)
A judge or umpire in games or combats.
Hellbender \Hell"bend`er\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A large North American aquatic salamander ({Protonopsis
horrida} or {Menopoma Alleghaniensis}). It is very voracious
and very tenacious of life. Also called {alligator}, and
{water dog}.
Hellborn \Hell"born`\, a.
Born in or of hell. --Shak.
Hellbred \Hell`bred`\, a.
Produced in hell. --Spenser.
Hellbrewed \Hell"brewed`\, a.
Prepared in hell. --Milton.
Hellbroth \Hell"broth`\, n.
A composition for infernal purposes; a magical preparation.
--Shak.
Hell-cat \Hell"-cat `\, n.
A witch; a hag. --Middleton.
Hell-diver \Hell`-div`er\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The dabchick.
Helldoomed \Hell`doomed`\, a.
Doomed to hell. --Milton.
Hellebore \Hel"le*bore\, n. [L. helleborus, elleborus, Gr. ?, ?;
cf. F. hell['e]bore, ell['e]bore.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of perennial herbs ({Helleborus}) of the
Crowfoot family, mostly having powerfully cathartic and
even poisonous qualities. {H. niger} is the European black
hellebore, or Christmas rose, blossoming in winter or
earliest spring. {H. officinalis} was the officinal
hellebore of the ancients.
2. (Bot.) Any plant of several species of the poisonous
liliaceous genus {Veratrum}, especially {V. album} and {V.
viride}, both called {white hellebore}.
Helleborein \Hel`le*bo"re*in\, n. (Chem.)
A poisonous glucoside accompanying helleborin in several
species of hellebore, and extracted as a white crystalline
substance with a bittersweet taste. It has a strong action on
the heart, resembling digitalin.
Helleborin \Hel*leb"o*rin\ (? or ?), n. (Chem.)
A poisonous glucoside found in several species of hellebore,
and extracted as a white crystalline substance with a sharp
tingling taste. It possesses the essential virtues of the
plant; -- called also {elleborin}.
Helleborism \Hel"le*bo*rism\, n.
The practice or theory of using hellebore as a medicine.
Hellene \Hel"lene\, n. [Gr. ?.]
A native of either ancient or modern Greece; a Greek.
--Brewer.
Hellenian \Hel*le"ni*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to the Hellenes, or Greeks.
Hellenic \Hel*len"ic\ (?; 277), a. [Gr. ?, ?, fr. ? the Greeks.]
Of or pertaining to the Hellenes, or inhabitants of Greece;
Greek; Grecian. ``The Hellenic forces.'' --Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Hellenic \Hel*len"ic\, n.
The dialect, formed with slight variations from the Attic,
which prevailed among Greek writers after the time of
Alexander.
Hellenism \Hel"len*ism\, n. [Gr. ?: cf. F. Hell['e]nisme.]
1. A phrase or form of speech in accordance with genius and
construction or idioms of the Greek language; a Grecism.
--Addison.
2. The type of character of the ancient Greeks, who aimed at
culture, grace, and amenity, as the chief elements in
human well-being and perfection.
Hellenist \Hel"len*ist\, n. [Gr. ?: cf. F. Hell['e]niste.]
1. One who affiliates with Greeks, or imitates Greek manners;
esp., a person of Jewish extraction who used the Greek
language as his mother tongue, as did the Jews of Asia
Minor, Greece, Syria, and Egypt; distinguished from the
Hebraists, or native Jews (--Acts vi. 1).
2. One skilled in the Greek language and literature; as, the
critical Hellenist.
Hellenistic \Hel`le*nis"tic\, Hellenistical \Hel`le*nis"tic*al\,
a. [Cf. F. Hell['e]nistique.]
Pertaining to the Hellenists.
{Hellenistic} {language, dialect, or idiom}, the Greek spoken
or used by the Jews who lived in countries where the Greek
language prevailed; the Jewish-Greek dialect or idiom of
the Septuagint.
Hellenistically \Hel`le*nis"tic*al*ly\, adv.
According to the Hellenistic manner or dialect. --J. Gregory.
Hellenize \Hel"len*ize\, v. i. [Gr. ?.]
To use the Greek language; to play the Greek; to Grecize.
Hellenize \Hel"len*ize\, v. t. [Gr. ?.]
To give a Greek form or character to; to Grecize; as, to
Hellenize a word.
Hellenotype \Hel*len"o*type\, n.
See {Ivorytype}.
Hellespont \Hel"les*pont\, n. [L. Hellespontus, Gr. ?; ? the
mythological Helle, daughter of Athamas + ? sea.]
A narrow strait between Europe and Asia, now called the
{Daradanelles}. It connects the [AE]gean Sea and the sea of
Marmora.
Hellespontine \Hel`les*pon"tine\, a.
Of or pertaining to the Hellespont. --Mitford.
Hellgamite \Hell"ga*mite\, Hellgramite \Hell"gra*mite\, n.
(Zo["o]l.)
The aquatic larva of a large American winged insect
({Corydalus cornutus}), much used a fish bait by anglers; the
dobson. It belongs to the Neuroptera.
Hellhag \Hell"hag`\, n.
A hag of or fit for hell. --Bp. Richardson.
Hell-haunted \Hell"-haunt`ed\, a.
Haunted by devils; hellish. --Dryden.
Hellhound \Hell"hound`\, n. [AS. hellehund.]
A dog of hell; an agent of hell.
A hellhound, that doth hunt us all to death. --Shak.
Hellier \Hel"li*er\, n. [See {Hele}, v. t.]
One who heles or covers; hence, a tiler, slater, or thatcher.
[Obs.] [Written also {heler}.] --Usher.
Hellish \Hell"ish\, a.
Of or pertaining to hell; like hell; infernal; malignant;
wicked; detestable; diabolical. ``Hellish hate.'' --Milton.
-- {Hell"ish*ly}, adv. -- {Hell"ish*ness}, n.
Hellkite \Hell"kite`\, n.
A kite of infernal breed. --Shak.
Hello \Hel*lo"\, interj. & n.
See {Halloo}.
Hellward \Hell"ward\, adv.
Toward hell. --Pope.
Helly \Hell"y\, a. [AS. hell[=i]c.]
Hellish. --Anderson (1573).
Helm \Helm\, n.
See {Haulm}, straw.
Helm \Helm\, n. [OE. helme, AS. helma rudder; akin to D. & G.
helm, Icel. hj[=a]lm, and perh. to E. helve.]
1. (Naut.) The apparatus by which a ship is steered,
comprising rudder, tiller, wheel, etc.; -- commonly used
of the tiller or wheel alone.
2. The place or office of direction or administration. ``The
helm of the Commonwealth.'' --Melmoth.
3. One at the place of direction or control; a steersman;
hence, a guide; a director.
The helms o' the State, who care for you like
fathers. --Shak.
4. [Cf. {Helve}.] A helve. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
{Helm amidships}, when the tiller, rudder, and keel are in
the same plane.
{Helm aport}, when the tiller is borne over to the port side
of the ship.
{Helm astarboard}, when the tiller is borne to the starboard
side.
{Helm alee}, {Helm aweather}, when the tiller is borne over
to the lee or to the weather side.
{Helm hard alee} or {hard aport}, {hard astarboard}, etc.,
when the tiller is borne over to the extreme limit.
{Helm port}, the round hole in a vessel's counter through
which the rudderstock passes.
{Helm down}, helm alee.
{Helm up}, helm aweather.
{To ease the helm}, to let the tiller come more amidships, so
as to lessen the strain on the rudder.
{To feel the helm}, to obey it.
{To right the helm}, to put it amidships.
{To shift the helm}, to bear the tiller over to the
corresponding position on the opposite side of the vessel.
--Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Helm \Helm\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Helmed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Helming}.]
To steer; to guide; to direct. [R.]
The business he hath helmed. --Shak.
A wild wave . . . overbears the bark, And him that
helms it. --Tennyson.
Helm \Helm\, n. [AS. See {Helmet}.]
1. A helmet. [Poetic]
2. A heavy cloud lying on the brow of a mountain. [Prov.
Eng.] --Halliwell.
Helm \Helm\, v. t.
To cover or furnish with a helm or helmet. [Perh. used only
as a past part. or part. adj.]
She that helmed was in starke stours. --Chaucer.
Helmage \Helm"age\, n.
Guidance; direction. [R.]
Helmed \Helm"ed\, a.
Covered with a helmet.
The helmed cherubim Are seen in glittering ranks.
--Milton.
Helmet \Hel"met\, n. [OF. helmet, a dim of helme, F. heaume; of
Teutonic origin; cf. G. helm, akin to AS. & OS. helm, D.
helm, helmet, Icel. hj[=a]lmr, Sw. hjelm, Dan. hielm, Goth.
hilms; and prob. from the root of AS. helan to hide, to hele;
cf. also Lith. szalmas, Russ. shleme, Skr. [,c]arman
protection. [root]17. Cf. {Hele}, {Hell}, {Helm} a helmet.]
1. (Armor) A defensive covering for the head. See {Casque},
{Headpiece}, {Morion}, {Sallet}, and Illust. of {Beaver}.
2. (Her.) The representation of a helmet over shields or
coats of arms, denoting gradations of rank by
modifications of form.
3. A helmet-shaped hat, made of cork, felt, metal, or other
suitable material, worn as part of the uniform of
soldiers, firemen, etc., also worn in hot countries as a
protection from the heat of the sun.
4. That which resembles a helmet in form, position, etc.; as:
(a) (Chem.) The upper part of a retort. --Boyle.
(b) (Bot.) The hood-formed upper sepal or petal of some
flowers, as of the monkshood or the snapdragon.
(c) (Zo["o]l.) A naked shield or protuberance on the top
or fore part of the head of a bird.
{Helmet beetle} (Zo["o]l.), a leaf-eating beetle of the
family {Chrysomelid[ae]}, having a short, broad, and
flattened body. Many species are known.
{Helmet shell} (Zo["o]l.), one of many species of tropical
marine univalve shells belonging to {Cassis} and allied
genera. Many of them are large and handsome; several are
used for cutting as cameos, and hence are called {cameo
shells}. See {King conch}.
{Helmet shrike} (Zo["o]l.), an African wood shrike of the
genus {Prionodon}, having a large crest.
Helmeted \Hel`met*ed\, a.
Wearing a helmet; furnished with or having a helmet or
helmet-shaped part; galeate.
Helmet-shaped \Hel"met-shaped`\, a.
Shaped like a helmet; galeate. See Illust. of {Galeate}.
Helminth \Hel"minth\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a worm.] (Zo["o]l.)
An intestinal worm, or wormlike intestinal parasite; one of
the Helminthes.
Helminthagogue \Hel*min"tha*gogue\, n. [Gr. ? a worm + ? to
drive.] (Med.)
A vermifuge.
Helminthes \Hel*min"thes\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?, a worm.]
(Zo["o]l.)
One of the grand divisions or branches of the animal kingdom.
It is a large group including a vast number of species, most
of which are parasitic. Called also {Enthelminthes},
{Enthelmintha}.
Note: The following classes are included, with others of less
importance: Cestoidea (tapeworms), Trematodea (flukes,
etc.), Turbellaria (planarians), Acanthocephala
(thornheads), Nematoidea (roundworms, trichina,
gordius), Nemertina (nemerteans). See {Plathelminthes},
and {Nemathelminthes}.
Helminthiasis \Hel`min*thi"a*sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? to suffer
from worms, fr. ?, ?, a worm.] (Med.)
A disease in which worms are present in some part of the
body.
Helminthic \Hel*min"thic\, a. [Cf. F. helminthique.]
Of or relating to worms, or Helminthes; expelling worms. --
n. A vermifuge; an anthelmintic.
Helminthite \Hel*min"thite\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a worm.] (Geol.)
One of the sinuous tracks on the surfaces of many stones, and
popularly considered as worm trails.
Helminthoid \Hel*min"thoid\, a. [Gr. ?, ?, a worm + -oid.]
Wormlike; vermiform.
Helminthologic \Hel*min`tho*log"ic\, Helminthological
\Hel*min`tho*log"ic*al\, a. [Cf. F. helminthologique.]
Of or pertaining to helminthology.
Helminthologist \Hel`min*thol"o*gist\, n. [Cf. F.
helminthologiste.]
One versed in helminthology.
Helminthology \Hel`min*thol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a worm + -logy:
cf. F. helminthologie.]
The natural history, or study, of worms, esp. parasitic
worms.
Helmless \Helm"less\, a.
1. Destitute of a helmet.
2. Without a helm or rudder. --Carlyle.
Helmsman \Helms"man\, n.; pl. {Helmsmen}.
The man at the helm; a steersman.
Helmwind \Helm"wind`\, n.
A wind attending or presaged by the cloud called helm. [Prov.
Eng.]
Helot \He"lot\ (?; 277), n. [L. Helotes, Hilotae, pl., fr. Gr.
E'e`lws and E'elw`ths a bondman or serf of the Spartans; so
named from 'Elos, a town of Laconia, whose inhabitants were
enslaved; or perh. akin to e`lei^n to take, conquer, used as
2d aor. of ?.]
A slave in ancient Sparta; a Spartan serf; hence, a slave or
serf.
Those unfortunates, the Helots of mankind, more or less
numerous in every community. --I. Taylor.
Helotism \He"lot*ism\, n.
The condition of the Helots or slaves in Sparta; slavery.
Helotry \He"lot*ry\, n.
The Helots, collectively; slaves; bondsmen. ``The Helotry of
Mammon.'' --Macaulay.
Help \Help\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Helped}(Obs. imp. {Holp}, p.
p. {Holpen}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Helping}.] [AS. helpan; akin to
OS. helpan, D. helpen, G. helfen, OHG. helfan, Icel.
hj[=a]lpa, Sw. hjelpa, Dan. hielpe, Goth. hilpan; cf. Lith.
szelpti, and Skr. klp to be fitting.]
1. To furnish with strength or means for the successful
performance of any action or the attainment of any object;
to aid; to assist; as, to help a man in his work; to help
one to remember; -- the following infinitive is commonly
used without to; as, ``Help me scale yon balcony.''
--Longfellow.
2. To furnish with the means of deliverance from trouble; as,
to help one in distress; to help one out of prison. ``God
help, poor souls, how idly do they talk!'' --Shak.
3. To furnish with relief, as in pain or disease; to be of
avail against; -- sometimes with of before a word
designating the pain or disease, and sometimes having such
a word for the direct object. ``To help him of his
blindness.''
--Shak.
The true calamus helps coughs. --Gerarde.
4. To change for the better; to remedy.
Cease to lament for what thou canst not help.
--Shak.
5. To prevent; to hinder; as, the evil approaches, and who
can help it? --Swift.
6. To forbear; to avoid.
I can not help remarking the resemblance betwixt him
and our author. --Pope.
7. To wait upon, as the guests at table, by carving and
passing food.
{To help forward}, to assist in advancing.
{To help off}, to help to go or pass away, as time; to assist
in removing. --Locke.
{To help on}, to forward; to promote by aid.
{To help out}, to aid, as in delivering from a difficulty, or
to aid in completing a design or task.
The god of learning and of light Would want a god
himself to help him out. --Swift.
{To help over}, to enable to surmount; as, to help one over
an obstacle.
{To help to}, to supply with; to furnish with; as, to help
one to soup.
{To help up}, to help (one) to get up; to assist in rising,
as after a fall, and the like. ``A man is well holp up
that trusts to you.'' --Shak.
Syn: To aid; assist; succor; relieve; serve; support;
sustain; befriend.
Usage: To {Help}, {Aid}, {Assist}. These words all agree in
the idea of affording relief or support to a person
under difficulties. Help turns attention especially to
the source of relief. If I fall into a pit, I call for
help; and he who helps me out does it by an act of his
own. Aid turns attention to the other side, and
supposes co["o]peration on the part of him who is
relieved; as, he aided me in getting out of the pit; I
got out by the aid of a ladder which he brought.
Assist has a primary reference to relief afforded by a
person who ``stands by'' in order to relieve. It
denotes both help and aid. Thus, we say of a person
who is weak, I assisted him upstairs, or, he mounted
the stairs by my assistance. When help is used as a
noun, it points less distinctively and exclusively to
the source of relief, or, in other words, agrees more
closely with aid. Thus we say, I got out of a pit by
the help of my friend.
Help \Help\, v. i.
To lend aid or assistance; to contribute strength or means;
to avail or be of use; to assist.
A generous present helps to persuade, as well as an
agreeable person. --Garth.
{To help out}, to lend aid; to bring a supply.
Help \Help\, n. [AS. help; akin to D. hulp, G. h["u]lfe, hilfe,
Icel. hj[=a]lp, Sw. hjelp, Dan. hielp. See {Help}, v. t.]
1. Strength or means furnished toward promoting an object, or
deliverance from difficulty or distress; aid; ^; also, the
person or thing furnishing the aid; as, he gave me a help
of fifty dollars.
Give us help from trouble, for vain is the help of
man. --Ps. lx. 11.
God is . . . a very present help in trouble. --Ps.
xlvi. 1.
Virtue is a friend and a help to nature. --South.
2. Remedy; relief; as, there is no help for it.
3. A helper; one hired to help another; also, thew hole force
of hired helpers in any business.
4. Specifically, a domestic servant, man or woman. [Local, U.
S.]
Helper \Help"er\, n.
One who, or that which, helps, aids, assists, or relieves;
as, a lay helper in a parish.
Thou art the helper of the fatherless. --Ps. x. 14.
Compassion . . . oftentimes a helper of evils. --Dr. H.
More.
Helpful \Help"ful\, a.
Furnishing help; giving aid; assistant; useful; salutary.
Heavens make our presence and our practices Pleasant
and helpful to him! --Shak.
-- {Help"ful*ly}, adv. -- {Help"ful*ness}, n. --Milton.
Helpless \Help"less\, a.
1. Destitute of help or strength; unable to help or defend
one's self; needing help; feeble; weak; as, a helpless
infant.
How shall I then your helpless fame defend? --Pope.
2. Beyond help; irremediable.
Some helpless disagreement or dislike, either of
mind or body. --Milton.
3. Bringing no help; unaiding. [Obs.]
Yet since the gods have been Helpless foreseers of
my plagues. --Chapman.
4. Unsupplied; destitute; -- with of. [R.]
Helpless of all that human wants require. --Dryden.
-- {Help"less*ly}, adv. -- {Help"less*ness}, n.
Helpmate \Help"mate`\, n. [A corruption of the ``help meet for
him'' of --Genesis ii. 18.--Fitzedward Hall.]
A helper; a companion; specifically, a wife.
In Minorca the ass and the hog are common helpmates,
and are yoked together in order to turn up the land.
--Pennant.
A waiting woman was generally considered as the most
suitable helpmate for a parson. --Macaulay.
Helpmeet \Help"meet`\, n. [See {Helpmate}.]
A wife; a helpmate.
The Lord God created Adam, . . . and afterwards, on his
finding the want of a helpmeet, caused him to sleep,
and took one of his ribs and thence made woman. --J. H.
Newman.
Helter-skelter \Hel"ter-skel"ter\, adv. [An onomat?poetic word.
Cf. G. holter-polter, D. holder de bolder.]
In hurry and confusion; without definite purpose;
irregularly. [Colloq.]
Helter-skelter have I rode to thee. --Shak.
A wistaria vine running helter-skelter across the roof.
--J. C.
Harris.
Helve \Helve\, n. [OE. helve, helfe, AS. hielf, helf, hylf, cf.
OHG. halb; and also E. halter, helm of a rudder.]
1. The handle of an ax, hatchet, or adze.
2. (Iron Working)
(a) The lever at the end of which is the hammer head, in a
forge hammer.
(b) A forge hammer which is lifted by a cam acting on the
helve between the fulcrum and the head.
Helve \Helve\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Helved}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Helving}.]
To furnish with a helve, as an ax.
Helvetian \Hel*ve"tian\, a.
Same as {Helvetic}. -- n. A Swiss; a Switzer.
Helvetic \Hel*ve"tic\, a. [L. Helveticus, fr. Helvetii the
Helvetii.]
Of or pertaining to the Helvetii, the ancient inhabitant of
the Alps, now Switzerland, or to the modern states and
inhabitant of the Alpine regions; as, the Helvetic
confederacy; Helvetic states.
Helvine \Hel"vine\, Helvite \Hel"vite\, n. [L. helvus of a light
bay color.] (Min.)
A mineral of a yellowish color, consisting chiefly of silica,
glucina, manganese, and iron, with a little sulphur.
Hem \Hem\, pron. [OE., fr. AS. him, heom, dative pl. of. h? he.
See {He}, {They}.]
Them [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hem \Hem\, interj.
An onomatopoetic word used as an expression of hesitation,
doubt, etc. It is often a sort of voluntary half cough, loud
or subdued, and would perhaps be better expressed by hm.
Cough or cry hem, if anybody come. --Shak.
Hem \Hem\, n.
An utterance or sound of the voice, hem or hm, often
indicative of hesitation or doubt, sometimes used to call
attention. ``His morning hems.'' --Spectator.
Hem \Hem\, v. i. [???. See {Hem}, interj.]
To make the sound expressed by the word hem; hence, to
hesitate in speaking. ``Hem, and stroke thy beard.'' --Shak.
Hem \Hem\, n. [AS. hem, border, margin; cf. Fries. h["a]mel,
Prov. G. hammel hem of mire or dirt.]
1. The edge or border of a garment or cloth, doubled over and
sewed, to strengthen raveling.
2. Border; edge; margin. ``Hem of the sea.'' --Shak.
3. A border made on sheet-metal ware by doubling over the
edge of the sheet, to stiffen it and remove the sharp
edge.
Hem \Hem\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hemmed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hemming}.]
1. To form a hem or border to; to fold and sew down the edge
of. --Wordsworth.
2. To border; to edge
All the skirt about Was hemmed with golden fringe.
--Spenser.
{To hem about}, {around}, or {in}, to inclose and confine; to
surround; to environ. ``With valiant squadrons round about
to hem.'' --Fairfax. ``Hemmed in to be a spoil to
tyranny.'' --Daniel.
{To hem out}, to shut out. ``You can not hem me out of
London.'' --J. Webster.
Hema- \Hem"a-\
Same as {H[ae]ma-}.
Hemachate \Hem"a*chate\, n. [L. haemachates; Gr. a"i^ma blood +
? agate.] (Min.)
A species of agate, sprinkled with spots of red jasper.
Hemachrome \Hem"a*chrome\, n.
Same as {H[ae]machrome}.
Hemacite \Hem"a*cite\, n. [Gr. a"i^ma blood.]
A composition made from blood, mixed with mineral or
vegetable substances, used for making buttons, door knobs,
etc.
Hemadrometer \Hem`a*drom"e*ter\, Hemadromometer
\Hem`a*dro*mom"e*ter\, n. [Hema- + Gr. ? course + -meter.]
(Physiol.)
An instrument for measuring the velocity with which the blood
moves in the arteries.
Hemadrometry \Hem`a*drom`e*try\, Hemadromometry
\Hem`a*dro*mom"e*try\, n. (Physiol.)
The act of measuring the velocity with which the blood
circulates in the arteries; h[ae]motachometry.
Hemadynamics \He`ma*dy*nam"ics\, n. [Hema- + dynamics.]
(Physiol.)
The principles of dynamics in their application to the blood;
that part of science which treats of the motion of the blood.
Hemadynamometer \He`ma*dy"na*mom"e*ter\, n. [Hema- +
dynamometr.] (Physiol.)
An instrument by which the pressure of the blood in the
arteries, or veins, is measured by the height to which it
will raise a column of mercury; -- called also a
{h[ae]momanometer}.
Hemal \He"mal\, a. [Gr. a"i^ma blood.]
Relating to the blood or blood vessels; pertaining to,
situated in the region of, or on the side with, the heart and
great blood vessels; -- opposed to neural.
Note: As applied to vertebrates, hemal is the same as
ventral, the heart and great blood vessels being on the
ventral, and the central nervous system on the dorsal,
side of the vertebral column.
{Hemal arch} (Anat.), the ventral arch in a segment of the
spinal skeleton, formed by vertebral processes or ribs.
Hemaphaein \Hem`a*ph[ae]"in\, n.
Same as {H[ae]maph[ae]in}.
Hemapophysis \Hem`a*poph"y*sis\, n.; pl. {Hemapophyses} . [NL.
See {H[ae]ma-}, and {Apophysis}.] (Anat.)
The second element in each half of a hemal arch,
corresponding to the sternal part of a rib. --Owen. --
{Hem`a*po*phys"i*al}, a.
Hemastatic \Hem`a*stat"ic\, Hemastatical \Hem`a*stat"ic*al\, a.
& n.
Same as {Hemostatic}.
Hemastatics \Hem`a*stat"ics\, n. (Physiol.)
Laws relating to the equilibrium of the blood in the blood
vessels.
Hematachometer \Hem`a*ta*chom"e*ter\, n.
Same as {H[ae]matachometer}.
Hematein \Hem`a*te"in\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, blood.] (Chem.)
A reddish brown or violet crystalline substance, {C16H12O6},
got from hematoxylin by partial oxidation, and regarded as
analogous to the phthaleins.
Hematemesis \Hem`a*tem"e*sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. a"i^ma,
a"i`matos, blood + ? a vomiting, fr. ? to vomit.] (Med.)
A vomiting of blood.
Hematherm \Hem"a*therm\, n. [Gr. a"i^ma blood + ? warm.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A warm-blooded animal. [R.]
Hemathermal \Hem`a*ther"mal\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Warm-blooded; hematothermal. [R]
Hematic \He*mat"ic\, a.
Same as {H[ae]matic}.
Hematic \He*mat"ic\, n. (Med.)
A medicine designed to improve the condition of the blood.
Hematin \Hem"a*tin\, n. [Gr. a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood.]
1. Hematoxylin.
2. (Physiol. Chem.) A bluish black, amorphous substance
containing iron and obtained from blood. It exists the red
blood corpuscles united with globulin, and the form of
hemoglobin or oxyhemoglobin gives to the blood its red
color.
Hematinometer \Hem`a*ti*nom"e*ter\, n. [Hematin + -meter.]
(Physiol. Chem.)
A form of hemoglobinometer.
Hematinometric \Hem`a*tin`o*met"ric\, a. (Physiol.)
Relating to the measurement of the amount of hematin or
hemoglobin contained in blood, or other fluids.
Hematinon \He*mat"i*non\, n. [Gr. a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood.]
A red consisting of silica, borax, and soda, fused with oxide
of copper and iron, and used in enamels, mosaics, etc.
Hematite \Hem"a*tite\, n. [L. haematites, Gr. ? bloodlike, fr.
a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood.] (Min.)
An important ore of iron, the sesquioxide, so called because
of the red color of the powder. It occurs in splendent
rhombohedral crystals, and in massive and earthy forms; --
the last called red ocher. Called also {specular iron},
{oligist iron}, {rhombohedral iron ore}, and {bloodstone}.
See {Brown hematite}, under {Brown}.
Hematitic \Hem`a*tit"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to hematite, or resembling it.
Hemato \Hem"a*to\
See {H[ae]ma-}.
Hematocele \He*mat"o*cele\, n. [Hemato- + Gr. ? tumor: cf. F.
h['e]matoc[`e]le.] (Med.)
A tumor filled with blood.
Hematocrya \Hem`a*toc"ry*a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. a"i^ma,
a"i`matos, blood + kry`os cold.] (Zo["o]l.)
The cold-blooded vertebrates, that is, all but the mammals
and birds; -- the antithesis to {Hematotherma}.
Hematocrystallin \Hem`a*to*crys"tal*lin\, n. [Hemato +
crystalline.] (Physiol.)
See {Hemoglobin}.
Hematoid \Hem"a*toid\, a. [Hemato- + -oid.] (Physiol.)
Resembling blood.
Hematoidin \Hem`a*toid"in\, n. (Physiol. Chem.)
A crystalline or amorphous pigment, free from iron, formed
from hematin in old blood stains, and in old hemorrhages in
the body. It resembles bilirubin. When present in the corpora
lutea it is called {h[ae]molutein}.
Hematology \Hem`a*tol"o*gy\, n. [Hemato- + -logy.]
The science which treats of the blood.
Hematoma \Hem`a*to"ma\, n. [NL. See {Hema-}, and {-oma}.] (Med.)
A circumscribed swelling produced by an effusion of blood
beneath the skin.
Hematophilia \Hem`a*to*phil"i*a\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. a"i^ma,
a"i`matos, blood + ? to love.] (Med.)
A condition characterized by a tendency to profuse and
uncontrollable hemorrhage from the slightest wounds.
Hematosin \Hem`a*to"sin\, n. (Physiol. Chem.)
The hematin of blood. [R.]
Hematosis \Hem`a*to"sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. a"ima`twsis.]
(Physiol.)
(a) Sanguification; the conversion of chyle into blood.
(b) The arterialization of the blood in the lungs; the
formation of blood in general; h[ae]matogenesis.
Hematotherma \Hem`a*to*ther"ma\, n. pl. [NL., from Gr. a"i^ma,
a"i`matos, blood + thermo`s warm.] (Zo["o]l.)
The warm-blooded vertebrates, comprising the mammals and
birds; -- the antithesis to hematocrya.
Hematothermal \Hem"a*to*ther"mal\, a.
Warm-blooded.
Hematoxylin \Hem`a*tox"y*lin\, n.
H[ae]matoxylin.
Hematuria \Hem`a*tu"ri*a\, n. [NL. See {Hema-}, and {Urine}.]
(Med.)
Passage of urine mingled with blood.
Hemautography \Hem`au*tog"ra*phy\, n. (Physiol.)
The obtaining of a curve similar to a pulse curve or
sphygmogram by allowing the blood from a divided artery to
strike against a piece of paper.
Hemelytron \Hem*el"y*tron\ (? or ?), Hemelytrum \Hem*el"y*trum\
(-tr[u^]m cf. {Elytron}, 277),, n.; pl. {Hemelytra}. [NL. See
{Hemi}, and {Elytron}.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the partially thickened anterior wings of certain
insects, as of many Hemiptera, the earwigs, etc.
Hemeralopia \Hem`e*ra*lo"pi*a\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, the opposite
of ?; ? day + ? of ?. See {Nyctalopia}.] (Med.)
A disease of the eyes, in consequence of which a person can
see clearly or without pain only by daylight or a strong
artificial light; day sight.
Note: Some writers (as Quain) use the word in the opposite
sense, i. e., day blindness. See {Nyctalopia}.
Hemerobian \Hem`er*o"bi*an\, n. [Gr. ? day + ? life.] (Zo["o]l.)
A neuropterous insect of the genus {Hemerobius}, and allied
genera.
Hemerobid \He*mer"o*bid\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of relating to the hemerobians.
Hemerocallis \Hem`e*ro*cal"lis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?; ? day + ?
beauty.] (Bot.)
A genus of plants, some species of which are cultivated for
their beautiful flowers; day lily.
Hemi- \Hem"i-\ [Gr. "hmi-. See {Semi-}.]
A prefix signifying half.
Hemialbumin \Hem`i*al*bu"min\, n. [Hemi- + albumin.] (Physiol.
Chem.)
Same as {Hemialbumose}.
Hemialbumose \Hem`i*al"bu"mose`\, n. [Hemi- + albumose.]
(Physiol. Chem.)
An albuminous substance formed in gastric digestion, and by
the action of boiling dilute acids on albumin. It is readily
convertible into hemipeptone. Called also {hemialbumin}.
Hemianaesthesia \Hem`i*an`[ae]s*the"si*a\, n. [Hemi- +
an[ae]sthesia.] (Med.)
An[ae]sthesia upon one side of the body.
Hemibranchi \Hem`i*bran"chi\, n. pl. [NL. See {Hemi-}, and
{Branchia}.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of fishes having an incomplete or reduced branchial
apparatus. It includes the sticklebacks, the flutemouths, and
Fistularia.
Hemicardia \Hem`i*car"di*a\, n. [NL. See {Hemi-}, and {Cardia}.]
(Anat.)
A lateral half of the heart, either the right or left. --B.
G. Wilder.
Hemicarp \Hem`i*carp\, n. [Hemi- + Gr. ? fruit.] (Bot.)
One portion of a fruit that spontaneously divides into
halves.
Hemicerebrum \Hem`i*cer"e*brum\, n. [Hemi- + cerebrum.] (Anat.)
A lateral half of the cerebrum. --Wilder.
Hemicollin \Hem`i*col"lin\, n. [Hemi- + collin.] (Physiol.
Chem.)
See {Semiglutin}.
Hemicrania \Hem`i*cra"ni*a\, n. [L.: cf. F. h['e]micr[^a]nie.
See {Cranium}, and {Megrim}.] (Med.)
A pain that affects only one side of the head.
Hemicrany \Hem"i*cra`ny\, n. (Med.)
Hemicranis.
Hemicycle \Hem"i*cy`cle\, n. [L. hemicyclus, Gr. ?; ? + ?.]
1. A half circle; a semicircle.
2. A semicircular place, as a semicircular arena, or room, or
part of a room.
The collections will be displayed in the hemicycle
of the central pavilion. --London
Academy.
Hemidactyl \Hem`i*dac"tyl\, n. [See {Hemi-}, and {Dactyl}.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Any species of Old World geckoes of the genus {Hemidactylus}.
The hemidactyls have dilated toes, with two rows of plates
beneath.
Hemi-demi-semiquaver \Hem`i-dem`i-sem"i*quaver\, n. [Hemi- +
demi-semiquaver.] (Mus.)
A short note, equal to one fourth of a semiquaver, or the
sixty-fourth part of a whole note.
Hemiditone \Hem`i*di"tone\, n. [Hemi- + ditone.] (Gr. Mus.)
The lesser third. --Busby.
Hemigamous \He*mig"a*mous\, a. [Hemi- + Gr. ? marriage.] (Bot.)
Having one of the two florets in the same spikelet neuter,
and the other unisexual, whether male or female; -- said of
grasses.
Hemiglyph \Hem"i*glyph\, n. [Hemi- + Gr. ? a carving.] (Arch.)
The half channel or groove in the edge of the triglyph in the
Doric order.
Hemihedral \Hem`i*he"dral\, a. [Hemi- + Gr. ? seat, base, fr. ?
to sit.] (Crystallog.)
Having half of the similar parts of a crystals, instead of
all; consisting of half the planes which full symmetry would
require, as when a cube has planes only on half of its eight
solid angles, or one plane out of a pair on each of its
edges; or as in the case of a tetrahedron, which is
hemihedral to an octahedron, it being contained under four of
the planes of an octahedron. -- {Hem`i*he"dral*ly}, adv.
Hemihedrism \Hem`i*he"drism\, n. (Crystallog.)
The property of crystallizing hemihedrally.
Hemihedron \Hem`i*he"dron\, n. (Crystallog.)
A solid hemihedrally derived. The tetrahedron is a
hemihedron.
Hemiholohedral \Hem`i*hol`o*he"dral\, a. [Hemi- + holohedral.]
(Crystallog.)
Presenting hemihedral forms, in which half the sectants have
the full number of planes.
Hemimellitic \Hem`i*mel*lit"ic\, a. [Hemi- + mellitic.] (Chem.)
Having half as many (three) carboxyl radicals as mellitic
acid; -- said of an organic acid.
Hemimetabola \Hem`i*me*tab"o*la\, n. pl. [NL. See {Hemi-}, and
{Metabola}.] (Zo["o]l.)
Those insects which have an incomplete metamorphosis.
Hemimetabolic \Hem`i*met`a*bol"ic\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Having an incomplete metamorphosis, the larv[ae] differing
from the adults chiefly in laking wings, as in the
grasshoppers and cockroaches.
Hemimorphic \Hem`i*mor"phic\, a. [Hemi- + Gr. ? form.]
(Crystallog.)
Having the two ends modified with unlike planes; -- said of a
crystal.
Hemin \He"min\, n. [Gr. a"i^ma blood.] (Physiol. Chem.)
A substance, in the form of reddish brown, microscopic,
prismatic crystals, formed from dried blood by the action of
strong acetic acid and common salt; -- called also
Teichmann's crystals. Chemically, it is a hydrochloride of
hematin.
Note: The obtaining of these small crystals, from old blood
clots or suspected blood stains, constitutes one of the
best evidences of the presence of blood.
Hemina \He*mi"na\, n.; pl. {Hemin[ae]}. [L., fr. Gr. ?.]
1. (Rom. Antiq.) A measure of half a sextary. --Arbuthnot.
2. (Med.) A measure equal to about ten fluid ounces.
Hemionus \He*mi"o*nus\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a half ass, a mule.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A wild ass found in Thibet; the kiang. --Darwin.
Hemiopia \Hem`i*o"pi*a\, Hemiopsia \Hem`i*op"si*a\, n. [NL., fr.
Gr. ? half + Gr. ? sight.] (Med.)
A defect of vision in consequence of which a person sees but
half of an object looked at.
Hemiorthotype \Hem`i*or"tho*type\, a. [Hemi- + Gr. ? straight +
-type.]
Same as {Monoclinic}.
Hemipeptone \Hem`i*pep"tone\, n. [Hemi- + peptone.] (Physiol.
Chem.)
A product of the gastric and pancreatic digestion of
albuminous matter.
Note: Unlike antipeptone it is convertible into leucin and
tyrosin, by the continued action of pancreatic juice.
See {Peptone}. It is also formed from hemialbumose and
albumin by the action of boiling dilute sulphuric acid.
Hemiplegia \Hem`i*ple"gi*a\, n.[NL., fr. Gr. ?; ? half + ? a
stroke; cf. F. h['e]miplagie.] (Med.)
A palsy that affects one side only of the body. --
{Hem`i"pleg"ic}, a.
Hemiplegy \Hem"i*ple`gy\, n. (Med.)
Hemiplegia.
Hemipode \Hem"i*pode\, n. [Hemi- + Gr. ?, ?, foot.] (Zo["o]l.)
Any bird of the genus {Turnix}. Various species inhabit Asia,
Africa, and Australia.
Hemiprotein \Hem`i*pro"te*in\, n. [Hemi- + protein.] (Physiol.
Chem.)
An insoluble, proteid substance, described by
Sch["u]tzenberger, formed when albumin is heated for some
time with dilute sulphuric acid. It is apparently identical
with antialbumid and dyspeptone.
Hemipter \He*mip"ter\, n. [Cf. F. h['e]mipt[`e]res, pl.]
(Zo["o]l.)
One of the Hemiptera.
Hemiptera \He*mip"te*ra\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? half + ? wing,
fr. ? to fly.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of hexapod insects having a jointed proboscis,
including four sharp stylets (mandibles and maxill[ae]), for
piercing. In many of the species (Heteroptera) the front
wings are partially coriaceous, and different from the
others.
Note: They are divided into the Heteroptera, including the
squash bug, soldier bug, bedbug, etc.; the Homoptera,
including the cicadas, cuckoo spits, plant lice, scale
insects, etc.; the Thysanoptera, including the thrips,
and, according to most recent writers, the Pediculina
or true lice.
Hemipteral \He*mip"ter*al\, Hemipterous \He*mip"ter*ous\, a.
(Zo["o]l.)
Of or pertaining to the Hemiptera.
Hemipteran \He*mip"ter*an\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
One of the Hemiptera; an hemipter.
Hemisect \Hem`i*sect"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hemisected}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Hemisecting}.] [Hemi- + L. secare to cut.] (Anat.)
To divide along the mesial plane.
Hemisection \Hem`i*sec"tion\, n. (Anat.)
A division along the mesial plane; also, one of the parts so
divided.
Hemisphere \Hem"i*sphere\, n. [L. hemisphaerium, Gr. ?; ? half =
? sphere: cf. F. h['e]misph[`e]re. See {Hemi-}, and
{Sphere}.]
1. A half sphere; one half of a sphere or globe, when divided
by a plane passing through its center.
2. Half of the terrestrial globe, or a projection of the same
in a map or picture.
3. The people who inhabit a hemisphere.
He died . . . mourned by a hemisphere. --J. P.
Peters.
{Cerebral hemispheres}. (Anat.) See {Brain}.
{Magdeburg hemispheres} (Physics), two hemispherical cups
forming, when placed together, a cavity from which the air
can be withdrawn by an air pump; -- used to illustrate the
pressure of the air. So called because invented by Otto
von Guericke at Magdeburg.
Hemispheric \Hem`i*spher"ic\, Hemispherical \Hem`i*spher"ic*al\,
a. [Cf. F. h['e]misph['e]rique.]
Containing, or pertaining to, a hemisphere; as, a hemispheric
figure or form; a hemispherical body.
Hemispheroid \Hem`i*sphe"roid\, n. [Hemi- + spheroid.]
A half of a spheroid.
Hemispheroidal \Hem`i*sphe*roid"al\, a.
Resembling, or approximating to, a hemisphere in form.
Hemispherule \Hem`i*spher"ule\, n.
A half spherule.
Hemistich \Hem"i*stich\ (?; 277), n. [L. hemistichium, Gr.
"hmisti`chion; "hmi- half + sti`chos row, line, verse: cf. F.
h['e]mistiche.]
Half a poetic verse or line, or a verse or line not
completed.
Hemistichal \He*mis"ti*chal\, a.
Pertaining to, or written in, hemistichs; also, by, or
according to, hemistichs; as, a hemistichal division of a
verse.
Hemisystole \Hem`i*sys"to*le\, n. (Physiol.)
Contraction of only one ventricle of the heart.
Note: Hemisystole is noticed in rare cases of insufficiency
of the mitral valve, in which both ventricles at times
contract simultaneously, as in a normal heart, this
condition alternating with contraction of the right
ventricle alone; hence, intermittent hemisystole.
Hemitone \Hem"i*tone\, n. [L. hemitonium, Gr. ?.]
See {Semitone}.
Hemitropal \He*mit"ro*pal\, Hemitropous \He*mit"ro*pous\, a.
[See {Hemitrope}.]
1. Turned half round; half inverted.
2. (Bot.) Having the raphe terminating about half way between
the chalaza and the orifice; amphitropous; -- said of an
ovule. --Gray.
Hemitrope \Hem"i*trope\, a. [Hemi- + Gr. ? to turn: cf. F.
h['e]mitrope.]
Half turned round; half inverted; (Crystallog.) having a
twinned structure.
Hemitrope \Hem"i*trope\, n.
That which is hemitropal in construction; (Crystallog.) a
twin crystal having a hemitropal structure.
Hemitropy \He*mit"ro*py\, n. (Crystallog.)
Twin composition in crystals.
Hemlock \Hem"lock\, n. [OE. hemeluc, humloc, AS. hemlic,
hymlic.]
1. (Bot.) The name of several poisonous umbelliferous herbs
having finely cut leaves and small white flowers, as the
{Cicuta maculata}, {bulbifera}, and {virosa}, and the
{Conium maculatum}. See {Conium}.
Note: The potion of hemlock administered to Socrates is by
some thought to have been a decoction of {Cicuta
virosa}, or water hemlock, by others, of {Conium
maculatum}.
2. (Bot.) An evergreen tree common in North America ({Abies,
or Tsuga, Canadensis}); hemlock spruce.
The murmuring pines and the hemlocks. --Longfellow.
3. The wood or timber of the hemlock tree.
{Ground hemlock}, or {Dwarf hemlock}. See under {Ground}.
Hemmel \Hem"mel\, n. [Scot. hemmel, hammel, Prov. E. hemble
hovel, stable, shed, perh. allied to D. hemel heaven, canopy,
G. himmel; cf. E. heaven. ???.]
A shed or hovel for cattle. [Prov. Eng.] --Wright.
Hemmer \Hem"mer\, n.
One who, or that which, hems with a needle. Specifically:
(a) An attachment to a sewing machine, for turning under the
edge of a piece of fabric, preparatory to stitching it
down.
(b) A tool for turning over the edge of sheet metal to make a
hem.
Hemo- \Hem"o-\
Same as {H[ae]ma-}, {H[ae]mo-}.
Hemoglobin \Hem"o*glo"bin\, n. [Hemo- + globe.] (Physiol.)
The normal coloring matter of the red blood corpuscles of
vertebrate animals. It is composed of hematin and globulin,
and is also called {h[ae]matoglobulin}. In arterial blood, it
is always combined with oxygen, and is then called
{oxyhemoglobin}. It crystallizes under different forms from
different animals, and when crystallized, is called
{h[ae]matocrystallin}. See {Blood crystal}, under {Blood}.
Hemoglobinometer \Hem`o*glo"bin*om"e*ter\, n. (Physiol. Chem.)
Same as {H[ae]mochromometer}.
Hemophilia \Hem`o*phil"i*a\, n.
See {Hematophilia}.
Hemoptysis \He*mop"ty*sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. a"i^ma blood + ? to
spit: cf. F. h['e]moptysie.] (Med.)
The expectoration of blood, due usually to hemorrhage from
the mucous membrane of the lungs.
Hemorrhage \Hem"or*rhage\, n. [L. haemorrhagia, Gr.
a"imorragi`a; a"i^ma blood + "rhgny`nai to break, burst: cf.
F. h['e]morragie, h['e]morrhagie.] (Med.)
Any discharge of blood from the blood vessels.
Note: The blood circulates in a system of closed tubes, the
rupture of which gives rise to hemorrhage.
Hemorrhagic \Hem`or*rhag"ic\, a. [Gr. a"imorragiko`s: cf. F.
h['e]morrhagique.]
Pertaining or tending to a flux of blood; consisting in, or
accompanied by, hemorrhage.
Hemorrhoidal \Hem`or*rhoid"al\, a. [Cf. F. h['e]morro["i]dal,
h['e]morrho["i]dal.]
1. Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of, hemorrhoids.
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the rectum; rectal; as, the
hemorrhoidal arteries, veins, and nerves.
Hemorrhoids \Hem"or*rhoids\, n. pl. [L. haemorrhoidae, pl., Gr.
?, sing., ? (sc. ?), pl., veins liable to discharge blood,
hemorrhoids, fr. ? flowing with blood; a"i^ma blood + ? to
flow: cf. F. h['e]morro["i]des, h['e]morrho["i]des. See
{Rheum}.] (Med.)
Livid and painful swellings formed by the dilation of the
blood vessels around the margin of, or within, the anus, from
which blood or mucus is occasionally discharged; piles;
emerods.
Usage: [The sing. {hemorrhoid} is rarely used.]
Hemostatic \Hem`o*stat"ic\, a. [Hemo- + Gr. statiko`s causing to
stand, fr. ? to stand.]
1. (Med.) Of or relating to stagnation of the blood.
2. Serving to arrest hemorrhage; styptic.
Hemostatic \Hem`o*stat"ic\, n.
A medicine or application to arrest hemorrhage.
Hemoothorax \Hemo"o*tho"rax\, n. [NL. See {Hemo-}, and
{Thorax}.] (Med.)
An effusion of blood into the cavity of the pleura.
Hemp \Hemp\ (h[e^]mp), n. [OE. hemp, AS. henep, h[ae]nep; akin
to D. hennep, OHG. hanaf, G. hanf, Icel. hampr, Dan. hamp,
Sw. hampa, L. cannabis, cannabum, Gr. ka`nnabis, ka`nnabos;
cf. Russ. konoplia, Skr. [,c]a[.n]a; all prob. borrowed from
some other language at an early time. Cf. {Cannabine},
{Canvas}.]
1. (Bot.) A plant of the genus {Cannabis} ({C. sativa}), the
fibrous skin or bark of which is used for making cloth and
cordage. The name is also applied to various other plants
yielding fiber.
2. The fiber of the skin or rind of the plant, prepared for
spinning. The name has also been extended to various
fibers resembling the true hemp.
{African hemp}, {Bowstring hemp}. See under {African}, and
{Bowstring}.
{Bastard hemp}, the Asiatic herb {Datisca cannabina}.
{Canada hemp}, a species of dogbane ({Apocynum cannabinum}),
the fiber of which was used by the Indians.
{Hemp agrimony}, a coarse, composite herb of Europe
({Eupatorium cannabinum}), much like the American boneset.
{Hemp nettle}, a plant of the genus {Galeopsis} ({G.
Tetrahit}), belonging to the Mint family.
{Indian hemp}. See under {Indian}, a.
{Manila hemp}, the fiber of {Musa textilis}.
{Sisal hemp}, the fiber of {Agave sisalana}, of Mexico and
Yucatan.
{Sunn hemp}, a fiber obtained from a leguminous plant
({Crotalaria juncea}).
{Water hemp}, an annual American weed ({Acnida cannabina}),
related to the amaranth.
Hempen \Hemp"en\ (-'n), a.
1. Made of hemp; as, a hempen cord.
2. Like hemp. ``Beat into a hempen state.'' --Cook.
Hempy \Hemp"y\, a.
Like hemp. [R.] --Howell.
Hemself \Hem*self"\, Hemselve \Hem*selve"\, Hemselven
\Hem*selv"en\, pron. pl. [See {Hem}, pron.]
Themselves; -- used reflexively. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hemstitch \Hem"stitch\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hemstitched}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Hemstitching}.] [Hem + stitch.]
To ornament at the head of a broad hem by drawing out a few
parallel threads, and fastening the cross threads in
successive small clusters; as, to hemstitch a handkerchief.
Hemstitched \Hem"stitched\, a.
Having a broad hem separated from the body of the article by
a line of open work; as, a hemistitched handkerchief.
Hemuse \He"muse\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The roebuck in its third year. [Prov. Eng.]
Hen \Hen\, n. [AS. henn, hen, h[ae]n; akin to D. hen, OHG.
henna, G. henne, Icel. h?na, Dan. h["o]na; the fem.
corresponding to AS. hana cock, D. haan, OHG. hano, G. hahn,
Icel. hani, Dan. & Sw. hane. Prob. akin to L. canere to sing,
and orig. meaning, a singer. Cf. {Chanticleer}.] (Zo["o]l.)
The female of the domestic fowl; also, the female of grouse,
pheasants, or any kind of birds; as, the heath hen; the gray
hen.
Note: Used adjectively or in combination to indicate the
female; as, hen canary, hen eagle, hen turkey, peahen.
{Hen clam}. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) A clam of the {Mactra}, and allied genera; the sea clam
or surf clam. See {Surf clam}.
(b) A California clam of the genus {Pachydesma}.
{Hen driver}. See {Hen harrier} (below).
{Hen harrier} (Zo["o]l.), a hawk ({Circus cyaneus}), found in
Europe and America; -- called also {dove hawk}, {henharm},
{henharrow}, {hen driver}, and usually, in America, {marsh
hawk}. See {Marsh hawk}.
{Hen hawk} (Zo["o]l.), one of several species of large hawks
which capture hens; esp., the American red-tailed hawk
({Buteo borealis}), the red-shouldered hawk ({B.
lineatus}), and the goshawk.
Henbane \Hen"bane`\, n. [Hen + bane.] (Bot.)
A plant of the genus {Hyoscyamus} ({H. niger}). All parts of
the plant are poisonous, and the leaves are used for the same
purposes as belladonna. It is poisonous to domestic fowls;
whence the name. Called also, {stinking nightshade}, from the
fetid odor of the plant. See {Hyoscyamus}.
Henbit \Hen"bit`\, n. (Bot.)
A weed of the genus {Lamium} ({L. amplexicaule}) with deeply
crenate leaves.
Hence \Hence\, adv. [OE. hennes, hens (the s is prop. a genitive
ending; cf. {-wards}), also hen, henne, hennen, heonnen,
heonene, AS. heonan, heonon, heona, hine; akin to OHG.
hinn[=a]n, G. hinnen, OHG. hina, G. hin; all from the root of
E. he. See {He}.]
1. From this place; away. ``Or that we hence wend.''
--Chaucer.
Arise, let us go hence. --John xiv.
31.
I will send thee far hence unto the Gentiles. --Acts
xxii. 21.
2. From this time; in the future; as, a week hence. ``Half an
hour hence.'' --Shak.
3. From this reason; as an inference or deduction.
Hence, perhaps, it is, that Solomon calls the fear
of the Lord the beginning of wisdom. --Tillotson.
4. From this source or origin.
All other faces borrowed hence Their light and
grace. --Suckling.
Whence come wars and fightings among you? Come they
not hence, even of your lusts? --James. iv.
1.
Note: Hence is used, elliptically and imperatively, for go
hence; depart hence; away; be gone. ``Hence with your
little ones.'' --Shak. -- From hence, though a
pleonasm, is fully authorized by the usage of good
writers.
An ancient author prophesied from hence. --Dryden.
Expelled from hence into a world Of woe and sorrow.
--Milton.
Hence \Hence\, v. t.
To send away. [Obs.] --Sir P. Sidney.
Henceforth \Hence`forth"\, adv.
From this time forward; henceforward.
I never from thy side henceforth to stray. --Milton.
Henceforward \Hence`for"ward\, adv.
From this time forward; henceforth.
Henchboy \Hench"boy`\, n.
A page; a servant. [Obs.]
Henchman \Hench"man\, n.; pl. {-men}. [OE. hencheman, henxman;
prob. fr. OE. & AS. hengest horse + E. man, and meaning, a
groom. AS. hengest is akin to D. & G. hengst stallion, OHG.
hengist horse, gelding.]
An attendant; a servant; a follower. Now chiefly used as a
political cant term.
Hencoop \Hen"coop`\, n.
A coop or cage for hens.
Hende \Hende\, a. [OE., near, handy, kind, fr. AS. gehende near,
fr. hand hand. See {Handy}.]
1. Skillful; dexterous; clever. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
2. Friendly; civil; gentle; kind. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hendecagon \Hen*dec"a*gon\, n. [Gr. ? eleven + ? angle: cf. F.
hend['e]cagone.] (Geom.)
A plane figure of eleven sides and eleven angles. [Written
also {endecagon}.]
Hendecane \Hen"de*cane\, n. [Gr. "e`ndeka eleven.] (Chem.)
A hydrocarbon, {C11H24}, of the paraffin series; -- so called
because it has eleven atoms of carbon in each molecule.
Called also {endecane}, {undecane}.
Hendecasyllabic \Hen*dec`a*syl*lab"ic\, a.
Pertaining to a line of eleven syllables.
Hendecasyllable \Hen*dec"a*syl`la*ble\, n. [L. hendecasyllabus,
Gr. ? eleven-syllabled; ? eleven + ? syllable: cf. F.
hend['e]casyllabe.]
A metrical line of eleven syllables. --J. Warton.
Hendecatoic \Hen*dec`a*to"ic\, a. [See {Hendecane}.] (Chem.)
Undecylic; pertaining to, or derived from, hendecane; as,
hendecatoic acid.
Hendiadys \Hen*di"a*dys\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? ? ? one by two.]
(Gram.)
A figure in which the idea is expressed by two nouns
connected by and, instead of by a noun and limiting
adjective; as, we drink from cups and gold, for golden cups.
Hendy \Hen"dy\, a. [Obs.]
See {Hende}.
Henen \Hen"en\, adv.
Hence. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Henfish \Hen"fish`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) A marine fish; the sea bream.
(b) A young bib. See {Bib}, n., 2.
Heng \Heng\, obs. imp. of {Hang}.
Hung. --Chaucer.
Hen-hearted \Hen"-heart`ed\, a.
Cowardly; timid; chicken-hearted. --Udall.
Henhouse \Hen"house`\, n.; pl. {Henhouses}.
A house or shelter for fowls.
Henhussy \Hen"hus`sy\, n.
A cotquean; a man who intermeddles with women's concerns.
Heniquen \He*ni"quen\, n.
See {Jeniquen}.
Henna \Hen"na\, n. [Ar. hinn[=a] alcanna ({Lawsonia inermis or
alba}). Cf. {Alcanna}, {Alkanet}, {Orchanet}.]
1. (Bot.) A thorny tree or shrub of the genus {Lawsonia} ({L.
alba}). The fragrant white blossoms are used by the
Buddhists in religious ceremonies. The powdered leaves
furnish a red coloring matter used in the East to stain
the hails and fingers, the manes of horses, etc.
2. (Com.) The leaves of the henna plant, or a preparation or
dyestuff made from them.
Hennery \Hen"ner*y\, n.
An inclosed place for keeping hens. [U. S.]
Hennes \Hen"nes\, adv.
Hence. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hennotannic \Hen`no*tan"nic\, a. [Henna + tannic.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, a brown resinous substance
resembling tannin, and extracted from the henna plant; as,
hennotannic acid.
Henoge ny \He*nog"e* ny\, Henogenesis \Hen`o*gen"e*sis\, n. [Gr.
e"i`s, masc., "e`n, neut., one + root of ? to be born.]
(Biol.)
Same as {Ontogeny}.
Henotheism \Hen"o*the*ism\, n. [Gr. e"i`s, "enos`, one + E.
theism.]
Primitive religion in which each of several divinities is
regarded as independent, and is worshiped without reference
to the rest. [R.]
Henotic \He*not"ic\, a. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to unite, fr. e"i`s one.]
Harmonizing; irenic. --Gladstone.
Henpeck \Hen"peck`\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Henpecked}; p. pr. &
vb. {Henpecking}.]
To subject to petty authority; -- said of a wife who thus
treats her husband. Commonly used in the past participle
(often adjectively).
Henroost \Hen"roost`\, n.
A place where hens roost.
Henry \Hen"ry\, n.; pl. {Henrys}. [From Joseph Henry, an
American physicist.]
The unit of electric induction; the induction in a circuit
when the electro-motive force induced in this circuit is one
volt, while the inducing current varies at the rate of one
amp[`e]re a second.
Hen's-foot \Hen's-foot`\, n. (Bot.)
An umbelliferous plant ({Caucalis daucoides}).
Hent \Hent\ (h[e^]nt), v. t. [imp. {Hente}; p. p. {Hent}.] [OE.
hente, henten, fr. AS. hentan, gehentan, to pursue, take,
seize; cf. Icel. henda, Goth. hinpan (in compos.), and E.
hunt.]
To seize; to lay hold on; to catch; to get. [Obs.] --Piers
Plowman. --Spenser.
This cursed Jew him hente and held him fast. --Chaucer.
But all that he might of his friendes hente On bookes
and on learning he it spente. --Chaucer.
Henware \Hen"ware`\, n. (Bot.)
A coarse, blackish seaweed. See {Badderlocks}.
Henxman \Henx"man\, n.
Henchman. [Obs.]
Hep \Hep\, n.
See {Hip}, the fruit of the dog-rose.
Hepar \He"par\, n. [L. hepar, hepatis, the liver, Gr. ?.]
1. (Old Chem.) Liver of sulphur; a substance of a liver-brown
color, sometimes used in medicine. It is formed by fusing
sulphur with carbonates of the alkalies (esp. potassium),
and consists essentially of alkaline sulphides. Called
also {hepar sulphuris}.
2. Any substance resembling hepar proper, in appearance;
specifically, in homeopathy, calcium sulphide, called also
{hepar sulphuris calcareum} (?).
{Hepar antimonii}(Old Chem.), a substance, of a liver-brown
color, obtained by fusing together antimony sulphide with
alkaline sulphides, and consisting of sulphantimonites of
the alkalies; -- called also {liver of antimony}.
Hepatic \He*pat"ic\, a. [L. hepaticus, Gr. ?, fr. ? the liver;
akin to L. jecur, Skr. yak?t: cf. F. h['e]patique.]
1. Of or pertaining to the liver; as, hepatic artery; hepatic
diseases.
2. Resembling the liver in color or in form; as, hepatic
cinnabar.
3. (Bot.) Pertaining to, or resembling, the plants called
Hepatic[ae], or scale mosses and liverworts.
{Hepatic duct} (Anat.), any biliary duct; esp., the duct, or
one of the ducts, which carries the bile from the liver to
the cystic and common bile ducts. See Illust., under
{Digestive}.
{Hepatic gas} (Old Chem.), sulphureted hydrogen gas.
{Hepatic mercurial ore}, or {Hepatic cinnabar}. See under
{Cinnabar}.
Hepatica \He*pat"i*ca\, n.; pl. {Hepatic[ae]}. [NL. See
{Hepatic}. So called in allusion to the shape of the lobed
leaves or fronds.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of pretty spring flowers closely related to
Anemone; squirrel cup.
2. (bot.) Any plant, usually procumbent and mosslike, of the
cryptogamous class Hepatic[ae]; -- called also {scale
moss} and {liverwort}. See {Hepatic[ae]}, in the
Supplement.
Hepatical \He*pat"ic*al\, a.
Hepatic. [R.]
Hepatite \Hep"a*tite\ (?; 277), n. [L. hepatitis an unknown
precious stone, Gr. ?, fr. ?, ?, the liver: cf. F.
h['e]patite.] (Min.)
A variety of barite emitting a fetid odor when rubbed or
heated.
Hepatitis \Hep`a*ti"tis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?, liver + -itis.]
(Med.)
Inflammation of the liver.
Hepatization \Hep`a*ti*za"tion\, n.
1. (Chem.) Impregnating with sulphureted hydrogen gas. [Obs.]
2. [Cf. F. h['e]patisation.] (Med.) Conversion into a
substance resembling the liver; a state of the lungs when
gorged with effused matter, so that they are no longer
pervious to the air.
Hepatize \Hep"a*tize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hepatized}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Hepatizing}.] [Gr. ? to be like the liver, to be
liver-colored, fr. ?, ?, the liver: cf. E. hepatite, and (for
sense 2) F. h['e]patiser.]
1. To impregnate with sulphureted hydrogen gas, formerly
called hepatic gas.
On the right . . . were two wells of hepatized
water. --Barrow.
2. To gorge with effused matter, as the lungs.
Hepatocele \He*pat"o*cele\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, the liver + ? tumor.]
(Med.)
Hernia of the liver.
Hepatocystic \Hep`a*to*cys"tic\, a. [Hepatic + cystic.] (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the liver and gall bladder; as, the
hepatocystic ducts.
Hepatogastric \Hep`a*to*gas"tric\, a. [Hepatic + gastric.]
(Anat.)
See {Gastrohepatic}.
Hepatogenic \Hep`a*to*gen"ic\, Hepatogenous \Hep`a*tog"e*nous\,
a. [Gr. "h^par, "h`patos, the liver + root of gi`gnesthai to
be born] (Med.)
Arising from the liver; due to a condition of the liver; as,
hepatogenic jaundice.
Hepatology \Hep`a*tol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. "h^par, "h`patos, the liver
+ -logy.]
The science which treats of the liver; a treatise on the
liver.
Hepato-pancreas \Hep"a*to-pan"cre*as\, n. [Gr. "h^par, "h`patos,
the liver + E. pancreas.] (Zo["o]l.)
A digestive gland in Crustacea, Mollusca, etc., usually
called the liver, but different from the liver of
vertebrates.
Hepatorenal \Hep`a*to*re"nal\, a. [Hepatic + renal.] (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the liver and kidneys; as, the
hepatorenal ligament.
Hepatoscopy \Hep`a*tos"co*py\, n. [Gr. ?; fr. "h^par, "h`patos,
the liver + ? to view: cf. F. h['e]patoscopie.]
Divination by inspecting the liver of animals.
Heppen \Hep"pen\, a. [Cf. AS. geh[ae]p fit, Icel. heppinn lucky,
E. happy.]
Neat; fit; comfortable. [Obs.]
Hepper \Hep"per\, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo["o]l.)
A young salmon; a parr.
Hepta \Hep"ta\ [See {Seven}.]
A combining form from Gr. "epta`, seven.
Heptachord \Hep"ta*chord\, n. [Gr. "epta`xordos seven-stringed;
"epta` seven + xordh` chord: cf. F. heptacorde. See {Seven},
and {Chord}.]
1. (Anc. Mus.)
(a) A system of seven sounds.
(b) A lyre with seven chords.
2. (Anc. Poet.) A composition sung to the sound of seven
chords or tones. --Moore (Encyc. of Music).
Heptad \Hep"tad\, n. [L. heptas the number seven. Gr. ?, ?, fr.
"epta` seven.] (Chem.)
An atom which has a valence of seven, and which can be
theoretically combined with, substituted for, or replaced by,
seven monad atoms or radicals; as, iodine is a heptad in
iodic acid. Also used as an adjective.
Heptade \Hep"tade\, n. [Cf. F. heptade. See {Heptad}.]
The sum or number of seven.
Heptaglot \Hep"ta*glot\, n. [Gr. ?; "epta` seven + 3, ?, tongue,
language.]
A book in seven languages.
Heptagon \Hep"ta*gon\, n. [Gr. ? sevencornered; "epta` seven + ?
angle: cf. F. heptagone.] (Geom.)
A plane figure consisting of seven sides and having seven
angles.
Heptagonal \Hep*tag"o*nal\, a. [Cf. F. heptagonal.]
Having seven angles or sides.
{Heptagonal numbers} (Arith.), the numbers of the series 1,
7, 18, 34, 55, etc., being figurate numbers formed by
adding successively the terms of the arithmetical series
1, 6, 11, 16, 21, etc.
Heptagynia \Hep`ta*gyn"i*a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "epta` seven +
? woman, female: cf. F. heptagunie.] (Bot.)
A Linn[ae]an order of plants having seven pistils.
Heptagynian \Hep`ta*gyn"i*an\, Heptagynous \Hep*tag"y*nous\, a.
[Cf. F. heptagyne.] (Bot.)
Having seven pistils.
Heptahedron \Hep`ta*he"dron\, n. [Hepta- + Gr. ? seat, base, fr.
? to sit: cf. F. hepta[`e]dre.] (Geom.)
A solid figure with seven sides.
Heptamerous \Hep*tam"er*ous\, a. [Hepta- + Gr. ? part.] (Bot.)
Consisting of seven parts, or having the parts in sets of
sevens. --Gray.
Heptandria \Hep*tan"dri*a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "epta` seven +
?, ?, man, male: cf. F. heptandrie.] (Bot.)
A Linn[ae]an class of plants having seven stamens.
Heptandrian \Hep*tan"dri*an\, Heptandrous \Hep*tan"drous\, a.
[Cf. F. heptandre.] (Bot.)
Having seven stamens.
Heptane \Hep"tane\, n. [Gr. "epta` seven.] (Chem.)
Any one of several isometric hydrocarbons, {C7H16}, of the
paraffin series (nine are possible, four are known); -- so
called because the molecule has seven carbon atoms.
Specifically, a colorless liquid, found as a constituent of
petroleum, in the tar oil of cannel coal, etc.
Heptangular \Hep*tan"gu*lar\, a. [Hepta- + angular: cf. F.
heptangulaire. Cf. {Septangular}.]
Having seven angles.
Heptaphyllous \Hep*taph"yl*lous\, a. [Hepta- + Gr. ? leaf: cf.
F. heptaphylle.] (Bot.)
Having seven leaves.
Heptarch \Hep"tarch\, n.
Same as {Heptarchist}.
Heptarchic \Hep*tar"chic\, a. [Cf. F. heptarchique.]
Of or pertaining to a heptarchy; constituting or consisting
of a heptarchy. --T. Warton.
Heptarchist \Hep"tarch*ist\, n.
A ruler of one division of a heptarchy. [Written also
{heptarch}.]
Heptarchy \Hep"tarch*y\, n. [Hepta- + -archy: cf. F.
heptarchie.]
A government by seven persons; also, a country under seven
rulers.
Note: The word is most commonly applied to England, when it
was divided into seven kingdoms; as, the Saxon
heptachy, which consisted of Kent, the South Saxons
(Sussex), West Saxons (Wessex), East Saxons (Essex),
the East Angles, Mercia, and Northumberland.
Heptaspermous \Hep`ta*sper"mous\, a. [Hepta- + Gr. ? a seed.]
(Bot.)
Having seven seeds.
Heptastich \Hep"ta*stich\, n. [Hepta- + Gr. sti`chos line,
verse.] (Pros.)
A composition consisting of seven lines or verses.
Heptateuch \Hep"ta*teuch\, n. [L. heptateuchos, Gr. "epta` seven
+ ? tool, book; ? to prepare, make, work: cf. F.
heptateuque.]
The first seven books of the Testament.
Heptavalent \Hep*tav"a*lent\, a. [Hepta- + L. valens, p. pr. See
{Valence}.] (Chem.)
Having seven units of attractive force or affinity; -- said
of heptad elements or radicals.
Heptene \Hep"tene\, n. [Gr. "epta` seven.] (Chem.)
Same as {Heptylene}.
Heptine \Hep"tine\, n. [Heptane + -ine.] (Chem.)
Any one of a series of unsaturated metameric hydrocarbons,
{C7H12}, of the acetylene series.
Heptoic \Hep*to"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, heptane; as, heptoic acid.
Heptone \Hep"tone\, n. [Gr. "epta` seven.] (Chem.)
A liquid hydrocarbon, {C7H10}, of the valylene series.
Hep tree \Hep" tree`\ [See {Hep}.]
The wild dog-rose.
Heptyl \Hep"tyl\, n. [Hepta- + -yl.] (Chem.)
A compound radical, {C7H15}, regarded as the essential
radical of heptane and a related series of compounds.
Heptylene \Hep"tyl*ene\, n. (Chem.)
A colorless liquid hydrocarbon, {C7H14}, of the ethylene
series; also, any one of its isomers. Called also {heptene}.
Heptylic \Hep*tyl"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, heptyl or heptane; as,
heptylic alcohol. Cf. {[OE]nanthylic}.
Her \Her\, pron. & a. [OE. hire, here, hir, hure, gen. and dat.
sing., AS. hire, gen. and dat. sing. of h['e]o she. from the
same root as E. he. See {He}.]
The form of the objective and the possessive case of the
personal pronoun she; as, I saw her with her purse out.
Note: The possessive her takes the form hers when the noun
with which in agrees is not given, but implied. ``And
what his fortune wanted, hers could mend.'' --Dryden.
Her \Her\, Here \Here\, pron. pl. [OE. here, hire, AS. heora,
hyra, gen. pl. of h[=e]. See {He}.]
Of them; their. [Obs.] --Piers Plowman.
On here bare knees adown they fall. --Chaucer.
Heracleonite \He*rac"le*on*ite\, n. (Eccl. Hist.)
A follower of Heracleon of Alexandria, a Judaizing Gnostic,
in the early history of the Christian church.
Herakline \He*rak"line\, n. [Gr. ? Hercules.]
A picrate compound, used as an explosive in blasting.
Herald \Her"ald\, n. [OE. herald, heraud, OF. heralt, heraut,
herault, F. h['e]raut, LL. heraldus, haraldus, fr. (assumed)
OHG. heriwalto, hariwaldo, a (civil) officer who serves the
army; hari, heri, army + waltan to manage, govern, G. walten;
akin to E. wield. See {Harry}, {Wield}.]
1. (Antiq.) An officer whose business was to denounce or
proclaim war, to challenge to battle, to proclaim peace,
and to bear messages from the commander of an army. He was
invested with a sacred and inviolable character.
2. In the Middle Ages, the officer charged with the above
duties, and also with the care of genealogies, of the
rights and privileges of noble families, and especially of
armorial bearings. In modern times, some vestiges of this
office remain, especially in England. See {Heralds'
College} (below), and {King-at-Arms}.
3. A proclaimer; one who, or that which, publishes or
announces; as, the herald of another's fame. --Shak.
4. A forerunner; a a precursor; a harbinger.
It was the lark, the herald of the morn. --Shak.
5. Any messenger. ``My herald is returned.'' --Shak.
{Heralds' College}, in England, an ancient corporation,
dependent upon the crown, instituted or perhaps recognized
by Richard III. in 1483, consisting of the three
Kings-at-Arms and the Chester, Lancaster, Richmond,
Somerset, Windsor, and York Heralds, together with the
Earl Marshal. This retains from the Middle Ages the charge
of the armorial bearings of persons privileged to bear
them, as well as of genealogies and kindred subjects; --
called also {College of Arms}.
Herald \Her"ald\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Heralded}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Heralding}.] [Cf. OF. herauder, heraulder.]
To introduce, or give tidings of, as by a herald; to
proclaim; to announce; to foretell; to usher in. --Shak.
Heraldic \He*ral"dic\, a. [Cf. F. h['e]raldique.]
Of or pertaining to heralds or heraldry; as, heraldic
blazoning; heraldic language. --T. Warton.
Heraldically \He*ral"dic*al*ly\, adv.
In an heraldic manner; according to the rules of heraldry.
Heraldry \Her"ald*ry\, n.
The art or office of a herald; the art, practice, or science
of recording genealogies, and blazoning arms or ensigns
armorial; also, of marshaling cavalcades, processions, and
public ceremonies.
Heraldship \Her"ald*ship\, n.
The office of a herald. --Selden.
Herapathite \Her"a*path*ite\, n. [Named after Dr. Herapath, the
discoverer.] (Chem.)
The sulphate of iodoquinine, a substance crystallizing in
thin plates remarkable for their effects in polarizing light.
Heraud \Her"aud\, n.
A herald. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Herb \Herb\ (?; 277), n. [OE. herbe, erbe, OF. herbe, erbe, F.
herbe, L. herba; perh. akin to Gr. forbh` food, pasture,
fe`rbein to feed.]
1. A plant whose stem does not become woody and permanent,
but dies, at least down to the ground, after flowering.
Note: Annual herbs live but one season; biennial herbs flower
the second season, and then die; perennial herbs
produce new stems year after year.
2. Grass; herbage.
And flocks Grazing the tender herb. --Milton.
{Herb bennet}. (Bot.) See {Bennet}.
{Herb Christopher} (Bot.), an herb ({Act[ae]a spicata}),
whose root is used in nervous diseases; the baneberry. The
name is occasionally given to other plants, as the royal
fern, the wood betony, etc.
{Herb Gerard} (Bot.), the goutweed; -- so called in honor of
St. Gerard, who used to be invoked against the gout. --Dr.
Prior.
{Herb grace}, or {Herb of grace}. (Bot.) See {Rue}.
{Herb Margaret} (Bot.), the daisy. See {Marguerite}.
{Herb Paris} (Bot.), an Old World plant related to the
trillium ({Paris quadrifolia}), commonly reputed
poisonous.
{Herb Robert} (Bot.), a species of {Geranium} ({G.
Robertianum}.)
Herbaceous \Her*ba"ceous\, a. [L. herbaceus grassy. See {Herb}.]
Of or pertaining to herbs; having the nature, texture, or
characteristics, of an herb; as, herbaceous plants; an
herbaceous stem.
Herbage \Herb"age\ (?; 48), n. [F. See {Herb}.]
1. Herbs collectively; green food beasts; grass; pasture.
``Thin herbage in the plaims.'' --Dryden.
2. (Law.) The liberty or right of pasture in the forest or in
the grounds of another man. --Blount.
Herbaged \Herb"aged\, a.
Covered with grass. --Thomson.
Herbal \Herb"al\, a.
Of or pertaining to herbs. --Quarles.
Herbal \Herb"al\, n.
1. A book containing the names and descriptions of plants.
--Bacon.
2. A collection of specimens of plants, dried and preserved;
a hortus siccus; an herbarium. --Steele.
Herbalism \Herb"al*ism\, n.
The knowledge of herbs.
Herbalist \Herb"al*ist\, n.
One skilled in the knowledge of plants; a collector of, or
dealer in, herbs, especially medicinal herbs.
Herbar \Herb"ar\, n.
An herb. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Herbarian \Her*ba"ri*an\, n.
A herbalist.
Herbarist \Herb"a*rist\, n.
A herbalist. [Obs.]
Herbarium \Her*ba"ri*um\, n.; pl. E. {Herbariums}, L.
{Herbaria}. [LL., fr. L. herba. See {Herb}, and cf. {Arbor},
{Herbary}.]
1. A collection of dried specimens of plants, systematically
arranged. --Gray.
2. A book or case for preserving dried plants.
Herbarize \Herb"a*rize\, v. t.
See {Herborize}.
Herbary \Herb"a*ry\, n. [See {Herbarium}.]
A garden of herbs; a cottage garden. --T. Warton.
Herber \Herb"er\, n. [OF. herbier, LL. herbarium. See
{Herbarium}.]
A garden; a pleasure garden. [Obs.] ``Into an herber green.''
--Chaucer.
Herbergage \Her"berg*age\, n. [See {Harborage}.]
Harborage; lodging; shelter; harbor. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Herbergeour \Her"ber*geour\, n. [See {Harbinger}.]
A harbinger. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Herbergh \Her"bergh\, Herberwe \Her"ber*we\, n. [See {Harbor}.]
A harbor. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Herbescent \Her*bes"cent\, a. [L. herbescens, p. pr. of
herbescere.]
Growing into herbs.
Herbid \Herb"id\, a. [L. herbidus.]
Covered with herbs. [Obs.] --Bailey.
Herbiferous \Her*bif"er*ous\, a. [Herb + -ferous: cf. F.
herbif['e]re.]
Bearing herbs or vegetation.
Herbist \Herb"ist\, n.
A herbalist.
Herbivora \Her*biv"o*ra\, n. pl. [NL., fr. L. herba herb +
vorare to devour.] (Zo["o]l.)
An extensive division of Mammalia. It formerly included the
Proboscidea, Hyracoidea, Perissodactyla, and Artiodactyla,
but by later writers it is generally restricted to the two
latter groups (Ungulata). They feed almost exclusively upon
vegetation.
Herbivore \Her"bi*vore\, n. [Cf. F. herbivore.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the Herbivora. --P. H. Gosse.
Herbivorous \Her*biv"o*rous\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Eating plants; of or pertaining to the Herbivora.
Herbless \Herb"less\, a.
Destitute of herbs or of vegetation. --J. Warton.
Herblet \Herb"let\, n.
A small herb. --Shak.
Herborist \Her"bo*rist\, n. [F. herboriste.]
A herbalist. --Ray.
Herborization \Her`bo*ri*za"tion\, n. [F. herborisation.]
1. The act of herborizing.
2. The figure of plants in minerals or fossils.
Herborize \Her"bo*rize\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Herborized}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Herborizing}.] [F. herboriser, for herbariser,
fr. L. herbarium. See {Hebrarium}.]
To search for plants, or new species of plants, with a view
to classifying them.
He herborized as he traveled. --W. Tooke.
Herborize \Her"bo*rize\, v. t.
To form the figures of plants in; -- said in reference to
minerals. See {Arborized}.
Herborized stones contain fine mosses. --Fourcroy
(Trans.)
Herborough \Her"bor*ough\, n. [See {Harborough}, and {Harbor}.]
A harbor. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Herbose \Her*bose"\, Herbous \Herb"ous\, a. [L. herbosus: cf. F.
herbeux.]
Abounding with herbs. ``Fields poetically called herbose.''
--Byrom.
Herb-woman \Herb"-wom`an\, n.; pl. {Herb-women}.
A woman that sells herbs.
Herby \Herb"y\, a.
Having the nature of, pertaining to, or covered with, herbs
or herbage. ``Herby valleys.'' --Chapman.
Hercogamous \Her*cog"a*mous\, a. [Gr. ? a fence + ? marriage.]
(Bot.)
Not capable of self-fertilization; -- said of hermaphrodite
flowers in which some structural obstacle forbids autogamy.
Herculean \Her*cu"le*an\, a. [L. herculeus, fr. Hercules: cf. F.
hercul['e]en. See {Hercules}.]
1. Requiring the strength of Hercules; hence, very great,
difficult, or dangerous; as, an Herculean task.
2. Having extraordinary strength or size; as, Herculean
limbs. ``Herculean Samson.'' --Milton.
Hercules \Her"cu*les\, n.
1. (Gr. Myth.) A hero, fabled to have been the son of Jupiter
and Alcmena, and celebrated for great strength, esp. for
the accomplishment of his twelve great tasks or
``labors.''
2. (Astron.) A constellation in the northern hemisphere, near
Lyra.
{Hercules' beetle} (Zo["o]l.), any species of {Dynastes}, an
American genus of very large lamellicorn beetles, esp. {D.
hercules} of South America, which grows to a length of six
inches.
{Hercules' club}. (Bot.)
(a) An ornamental tree of the West Indies ({Zanthoxylum
Clava-Herculis}), of the same genus with the prickly
ash.
(b) A variety of the common gourd ({Lagenaria vulgaris}).
Its fruit sometimes exceeds five feet in length.
(c) The Angelica tree. See under {Angelica}.
{Hercules powder}, an explosive containing nitroglycerin; --
used for blasting.
Hercynian \Her*cyn"i*an\, a. [L. Hercynia silva, Hercynius
saltus, the Hercynian forest; cf. Gr. ? ?.]
Of or pertaining to an extensive forest in Germany, of which
there are still portions in Swabia and the Hartz mountains.
Herd \Herd\, a.
Haired. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Herd \Herd\, n. [OE. herd, heord, AS. heord; akin to OHG.
herta,G. herde, Icel. hj["o]r?, Sw. hjord, Dan. hiord, Goth.
ha['i]rda; cf. Skr. [,c]ardha troop, host.]
1. A number of beasts assembled together; as, a herd of
horses, oxen, cattle, camels, elephants, deer, or swine; a
particular stock or family of cattle.
The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea. --Gray.
Note: Herd is distinguished from flock, as being chiefly
applied to the larger animals. A number of cattle, when
driven to market, is called a drove.
2. A crowd of low people; a rabble.
But far more numerous was the herd of such Who think
too little and who talk too much. --Dryden.
You can never interest the common herd in the
abstract question. --Coleridge.
{Herd's grass} (Bot.), one of several species of grass,
highly esteemed for hay. See under {Grass}.
Herd \Herd\, n. [OE. hirde, herde, heorde, AS. hirde, hyrde,
heorde; akin to G. hirt, hirte, OHG. hirti, Icel. hir?ir, Sw.
herde, Dan. hyrde, Goth. ha['i]rdeis. See 2d {Herd}.]
One who herds or assembles domestic animals; a herdsman; --
much used in composition; as, a shepherd; a goatherd, and the
like. --Chaucer.
Herd \Herd\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Herded}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Herding}.] [See 2d {Herd}.]
1. To unite or associate in a herd; to feed or run together,
or in company; as, sheep herd on many hills.
2. To associate; to ally one's self with, or place one's self
among, a group or company.
I'll herd among his friends, and seem One of the
number. --Addison.
3. To act as a herdsman or a shepherd. [Scot.]
Herd \Herd\, v. t.
To form or put into a herd.
Herdbook \Herd"book`\, n.
A book containing the list and pedigrees of one or more herds
of choice breeds of cattle; -- also called {herd record}, or
{herd register}.
Herder \Herd"er\, n.
A herdsman. [R.]
Herderite \Her"der*ite\, n. [Named after Baron von Herder, who
discovered it.] (Min.)
A rare fluophosphate of glucina, in small white crystals.
Herdess \Herd"ess\, n.
A shepherdess; a female herder. --Sir P. Sidney. --Chaucer.
Herdgroom \Herd"groom`\, n.
A herdsman. [Obs.]
Herdic \Her"dic\, n. [Named from Peter Herdic, the inventor.]
A kind of low-hung cab.
Herdman \Herd"man\, Herdsman \Herds"man\, n.; pl. {-men}.
The owner or keeper of a herd or of herds; one employed in
tending a herd of cattle.
Herdswoman \Herds"wom`an\, n.; pl. -{women}.
A woman who tends a herd. --Sir W. Scott.
Here \Here\, n.
Hair. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Here \Here\, pron.
1. See {Her}, their. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
2. Her; hers. See {Her}. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Here \Here\, adv. [OE. her, AS. h?r; akin to OS. h?r, D. hier,
OHG. hiar, G. hier, Icel. & Goth. h?r, Dan. her, Sw. h["a]r;
fr. root of E. he. See {He}.]
1. In this place; in the place where the speaker is; --
opposed to {there}.
He is not here, for he is risen. --Matt.
xxviii. 6.
2. In the present life or state.
Happy here, and more happy hereafter. --Bacon.
3. To or into this place; hither. [Colloq.] See {Thither}.
Here comes Virgil. --B. Jonson.
Thou led'st me here. --Byron.
4. At this point of time, or of an argument; now.
The prisoner here made violent efforts to rise.
--Warren.
Note: Here, in the last sense, is sometimes used before a
verb without subject; as, Here goes, for Now (something
or somebody) goes; -- especially occurring thus in
drinking healths. ``Here's [a health] to thee, Dick.''
--Cowley.
{Here and there}, in one place and another; in a dispersed
manner; irregularly. ``Footsteps here and there.''
--Longfellow.
{It is neither, here nor there}, it is neither in this place
nor in that, neither in one place nor in another; hence,
it is to no purpose, irrelevant, nonsense.
--Shak.
Herea-bout \Here"a-bout`\, Hereabouts \Here"a*bouts`\, adv.
1. About this place; in this vicinity.
2. Concerning this. [Obs.]
Hereafter \Here*aft"er\, adv. [AS. h[=e]r[ae]fter.]
In time to come; in some future time or state.
Hereafter he from war shall come. --Dryden.
Hereafter \Here*aft"er\, n.
A future existence or state.
'Tis Heaven itself that points out an hereafter.
--Addison.
Hereafterward \Here*aft"er*ward\, adv.
Hereafter. [Obs.]
Thou shalt hereafterward . . . come. --Chaucer.
Here-at \Here-at"\, adv.
At, or by reason of, this; as, he was offended hereat.
--Hooker.
Hereby \Here*by"\, adv.
1. By means of this.
And hereby we do know that we know him. --1 John ii.
3.
2. Close by; very near. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hereditability \He*red`i*ta*bil"i*ty\, n.
State of being hereditable. --Brydges.
Hereditable \He*red"i*ta*ble\, a. [LL. hereditabilis, fr.
hereditare to inherit, fr. L. hereditas heirship inheritance,
heres heir: cf. OF. hereditable. See {Heir}, and cf.
{Heritable}.]
1. Capable of being inherited. See {Inheritable}. --Locke.
2. Qualified to inherit; capable of inheriting.
Hereditably \He*red"i*ta*bly\, adv.
By inheritance. --W. Tooke.
Hereditament \Her`e*dit"a*ment\, n. [LL. hereditamentum. See
{Hereditable}.] (Law)
Any species of property that may be inherited; lands,
tenements, anything corporeal or incorporeal, real, personal,
or mixed, that may descend to an heir. --Blackstone.
Note: A corporeal hereditament is visible and tangible; an
incorporeal hereditament is not in itself visible or
tangible, being an hereditary right, interest, or
obligation, as duty to pay rent, or a right of way.
Hereditarily \He*red"i*ta*ri*ly\, adv.
By inheritance; in an hereditary manner. --Pope.
Hereditary \He*red"i*ta*ry\, a. [L. hereditarius, fr. hereditas
heirship, inheritance, fr. heres heir: cf. F.
h['e]r['e]ditaire. See {Heir}.]
1. Descended, or capable of descending, from an ancestor to
an heir at law; received or passing by inheritance, or
that must pass by inheritance; as, an hereditary estate or
crown.
2. Transmitted, or capable of being transmitted, as a
constitutional quality or condition from a parent to a
child; as, hereditary pride, bravery, disease.
Syn: Ancestral; patrimonial; inheritable.
Heredity \He*red"i*ty\, n. [L. hereditas heirship.] (Biol.)
Hereditary transmission of the physical and psychical
qualities of parents to their offspring; the biological law
by which living beings tend to repeat their characteristics
in their descendants. See {Pangenesis}.
Hereford \Her"e*ford\, n.
One of a breed of cattle originating in Herefordshire,
England. The Herefords are good working animals, and their
beef-producing quality is excellent.
Herehence \Here"hence`\, adv.
From hence. [Obs.]
Herein \Here*in"\, adv. [AS. h?rinne.]
In this.
Herein is my Father glorified, that ye bear much fruit.
--John xv. 8.
Hereinafter \Here`in*aft"er\, adv.
In the following part of this (writing, document, speech, and
the like).
Hereinbefore \Here`in*be*fore"\, adv.
In the preceding part of this (writing, document, book,
etc.).
Hereinto \Here`in*to"\ (?; 277), adv.
Into this. --Hooker.
Heremit \Her"e*mit\, Heremite \Her"e*mite\, n. [See {Hermit}.]
A hermit. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Heremitical \Her`e*mit"ic*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to a hermit; solitary; secluded from
society. --Pope.
Heren \Her"en\, a.
Made of hair. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hereof \Here*of"\, adv.
Of this; concerning this; from this; hence.
Hereof comes it that Prince Harry is valiant. --Shak.
Hereon \Here*on"\, adv.
On or upon this; hereupon.
Hereout \Here*out"\, adv.
Out of this. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Heresiarch \Her"e*si*arch\ (?; 277), n. [L. haeresiarcha, Gr. ?;
? heresy + ? leader, ? to lead: cf. F. h['e]r['e]siarque.]
A leader in heresy; the chief of a sect of heretics. --Bp.
Stillingfleet.
Heresiarchy \Her"e*si*arch`y\, n.
A chief or great heresy. [R.]
The book itself [the Alcoran] consists of heresiarchies
against our blessed Savior. --Sir T.
Herbert.
Heresiographer \Her`e*si*og"ra*pher\, n. [See {Heresiography}.]
One who writes on heresies.
Heresiography \Her`e*si*og"ra*phy\, n. [Gr. ? heresy + -graphy:
cf. F. h['e]r['e]siographie.]
A treatise on heresy.
Heresy \Her"e*sy\, n.; pl. {Heresies}. [OE. heresie, eresie, OF.
heresie, iresie, F. h['e]r['e]sie, L. haeresis, Gr. ? a
taking, a taking for one's self, choosing, a choice, a sect,
a heresy, fr. ? to take, choose.]
1. An opinion held in opposition to the established or
commonly received doctrine, and tending to promote a
division or party, as in politics, literature, philosophy,
etc.; -- usually, but not necessarily, said in reproach.
New opinions Divers and dangerous, which are
heresies, And, not reformed, may prove pernicious.
--Shak.
After the study of philosophy began in Greece, and
the philosophers, disagreeing amongst themselves,
had started many questions . . . because every man
took what opinion he pleased, each several opinion
was called a heresy; which signified no more than a
private opinion, without reference to truth or
falsehood. --Hobbes.
2. (Theol.) Religious opinion opposed to the authorized
doctrinal standards of any particular church, especially
when tending to promote schism or separation; lack of
orthodox or sound belief; rejection of, or erroneous
belief in regard to, some fundamental religious doctrine
or truth; heterodoxy.
Doubts 'mongst divines, and difference of texts,
From whence arise diversity of sects, And hateful
heresies by God abhor'd. --Spenser.
Deluded people! that do not consider that the
greatest heresy in the world is a wicked life.
--Tillotson.
3. (Law) An offense against Christianity, consisting in a
denial of some essential doctrine, which denial is
publicly avowed, and obstinately maintained.
A second offense is that of heresy, which consists
not in a total denial of Christianity, but of some
its essential doctrines, publicly and obstinately
avowed. --Blackstone.
Note: ``When I call dueling, and similar aberrations of
honor, a moral heresy, I refer to the force of the
Greek ?, as signifying a principle or opinion taken up
by the will for the will's sake, as a proof or pledge
to itself of its own power of self-determination,
independent of all other motives.'' --Coleridge.
Heretic \Her"e*tic\, n. [L. haereticus, Gr. ? able to choose,
heretical, fr. ? to take, choose: cf. F. h['e]r['e]tique. See
{Heresy}.]
1. One who holds to a heresy; one who believes some doctrine
contrary to the established faith or prevailing religion.
A man that is an heretic, after the first and second
admonition, reject. --Titus iii.
10.
2. (R. C. Ch.) One who having made a profession of Christian
belief, deliberately and pertinaciously refuses to believe
one or more of the articles of faith ``determined by the
authority of the universal church.'' --Addis & Arnold.
Syn: {Heretic}, {Schismatic}, {Sectarian}.
Usage: A heretic is one whose errors are doctrinal, and
usually of a malignant character, tending to subvert
the true faith. A schismatic is one who creates a
schism, or division in the church, on points of faith,
discipline, practice, etc., usually for the sake of
personal aggrandizement. A sectarian is one who
originates or is an ardent adherent and advocate of a
sect, or distinct organization, which separates from
the main body of believers.
Heretical \He*ret"i*cal\, a.
Containing heresy; of the nature of, or characterized by,
heresy.
Heretically \He*ret"i*cal*ly\, adv.
In an heretical manner.
Hereticate \He*ret"i*cate\, v. t. [LL. haereticatus, p. p. of
haereticare.]
To decide to be heresy or a heretic; to denounce as a heretic
or heretical. --Bp. Hall.
And let no one be minded, on the score of my neoterism,
to hereticate me. --Fitzed.
Hall.
Heretification \He*ret`i*fi*ca"tion\, n.
The act of hereticating or pronouncing heretical. --London
Times.
Hereto \Here*to"\, adv.
To this; hereunto. --Hooker.
Heretoch \Her"e*toch\, Heretog \Her"e*tog\, n. [AS. heretoga,
heretoha; here army + te['o]n to draw, lead; akin to OS.
heritogo, OHG. herizogo, G. herzog duke.] (AS. Antiq.)
The leader or commander of an army; also, a marshal.
--Blackstone.
Heretofore \Here`to*fore"\, adv.
Up to this time; hitherto; before; in time past. --Shak.
Hereunto \Here`un*to"\, adv.
Unto this; up to this time; hereto.
Hereupon \Here`up*on"\, adv.
On this; hereon.
Herewith \Here*with"\, adv.
With this.
Herie \Her"ie\, v. t. [See {Hery}.]
To praise; to worship. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Heriot \Her"i*ot\, n. [AS. heregeatu military equipment, heriot;
here army + geatwe, pl., arms, equipments.] (Eng. Law)
Formerly, a payment or tribute of arms or military
accouterments, or the best beast, or chattel, due to the lord
on the death of a tenant; in modern use, a customary tribute
of goods or chattels to the lord of the fee, paid on the
decease of a tenant. --Blackstone. Bouvier.
{Heriot custom}, a heriot depending on usage.
{Heriot service} (Law), a heriot due by reservation in a
grant or lease of lands. --Spelman. Blackstone.
Heriotable \Her"i*ot*a*ble\, a.
Subject to the payment of a heriot. --Burn.
Herisson \Her"is*son\, n. [F. h['e]risson, prop., hedgehog.]
(fort.)
A beam or bar armed with iron spikes, and turning on a pivot;
-- used to block up a passage.
Heritability \Her`it*a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state of being heritable.
Heritable \Her"it*a*ble\, a. [OF. h['e]ritable. See {Heritage},
{Hereditable}.]
1. Capable of being inherited or of passing by inheritance;
inheritable.
2. Capable of inheriting or receiving by inheritance.
This son shall be legitimate and heritable. --Sir M.
Hale.
{Heritable rights} (Scots Law), rights of the heir; rights to
land or whatever may be intimately connected with land;
realty. --Jacob (Law Dict.).
Heritage \Her"it*age\, a. [OE. heritage, eritage, OF. heritage,
eritage, F. h['e]ritage, fr. h['e]riter to inherit, LL.
heriditare. See {Hereditable}.]
1. That which is inherited, or passes from heir to heir;
inheritance.
Part of my heritage, Which my dead father did
bequeath to me. --Shak.
2. (Script.) A possession; the Israelites, as God's chosen
people; also, a flock under pastoral charge. --Joel iii.
2. --1 Peter v. 3.
Heritance \Her"it*ance\, n. [OF. heritance.]
Heritage; inheritance. [R.]
Robbing their children of the heritance Their fathers
handed down --Southey.
Heritor \Her"it*or\, n. [Cf. LL. her?ator, fr. L. heres an
heir.]
A proprietor or landholder in a parish. [Scot.]
Herl \Herl\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Same as {Harl}, 2.
Herling \Her"ling\, Hirling \Hir"ling\, n. [Etymol. uncertain.]
(Zo["o]l.)
The young of the sea trout. [Prov. Eng.]
Herma \Her"ma\, n.; pl. {Herm[ae]}. [L.]
See {Hermes},
2.
Hermaphrodeity \Her*maph`ro*de"i*ty\, n.
Hermaphrodism. --B. Jonson.
Hermaphrodism \Her*maph"ro*dism\, n. [Cf. F. hermaphrodisme.]
(Biol.)
See {Hermaphroditism}.
Hermaphrodite \Her*maph"ro*dite\, n. [L. hermaphroditus, Gr. ?,
so called from the mythical story that Hermaphroditus, son of
Hermes and Aphrodite, when bathing, became joined in one body
with Salmacis, the nymph of a fountain in Caria: cf. F.
hermaphrodite.] (Biol.)
An individual which has the attributes of both male and
female, or which unites in itself the two sexes; an animal or
plant having the parts of generation of both sexes, as when a
flower contains both the stamens and pistil within the same
calyx, or on the same receptacle. In some cases reproduction
may take place without the union of the distinct individuals.
In the animal kingdom true hermaphrodites are found only
among the invertebrates. See Illust. in Appendix, under
Helminths.
Hermaphrodite \Her*maph"ro*dite\, a.
Including, or being of, both sexes; as, an hermaphrodite
animal or flower.
{Hermaphrodite brig}. (Naut.) See under {Brig}. --Totten.
Hermaphroditic \Her*maph`ro*dit"ic\, Hermaphroditical
\Her*maph`ro*dit"ic*al\, a. (Biol.)
Partaking of the characteristics of both sexes; characterized
by hermaphroditism. -- {Her*maph`ro*dit"ic*al*ly}, adv.
Hermaphroditism \Her*maph"ro*dit*ism\, n. (Biol.)
The union of the two sexes in the same individual, or the
combination of some of their characteristics or organs in one
individual.
Hermeneutic \Her`me*neu"tic\, Hermeneutical \Her`me*neu"tic*al\,
a. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to interpret: cf. F. herm['e]neutique.]
Unfolding the signification; of or pertaining to
interpretation; exegetical; explanatory; as, hermeneutic
theology, or the art of expounding the Scriptures; a
hermeneutic phrase.
Hermeneutically \Her`me*neu"tic*al*ly\, adv.
According to the principles of interpretation; as, a verse of
Scripture was examined hermeneutically.
Hermeneutics \Her`me*neu"tics\, n. [Gr. ? (sc. ?).]
The science of interpretation and explanation; exegesis;
esp., that branch of theology which defines the laws whereby
the meaning of the Scriptures is to be ascertained.
--Schaff-Herzog Encyc.
Hermes \Her"mes\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.]
1. (Myth.) See {Mercury}.
Note: Hermes Trismegistus [Gr. 'Ermh^s trisme`gistos, lit.,
Hermes thrice greatest] was a late name of Hermes,
especially as identified with the Egyptian god Thoth.
He was the fabled inventor of astrology and alchemy.
2. (Arch[ae]ology) Originally, a boundary stone dedicated to
Hermes as the god of boundaries, and therefore bearing in
some cases a head, or head and shoulders, placed upon a
quadrangular pillar whose height is that of the body
belonging to the head, sometimes having feet or other
parts of the body sculptured upon it. These figures,
though often representing Hermes, were used for other
divinities, and even, in later times, for portraits of
human beings. Called also {herma}. See {Terminal statue},
under {Terminal}.
Hermetic \Her*met"ic\, Hermetical \Her*met"ic*al\, a. [F.
herm['e]tique. See Note under {Hermes}, 1.]
1. Of, pertaining to, or taught by, Hermes Trismegistus; as,
hermetic philosophy. Hence: Alchemical; chemic.
``Delusions of the hermetic art.'' --Burke.
The alchemists, as the people were called who tried
to make gold, considered themselves followers of
Hermes, and often called themselves Hermetic
philosophers. --A. B.
Buckley.
2. Of or pertaining to the system which explains the causes
of diseases and the operations of medicine on the
principles of the hermetic philosophy, and which made much
use, as a remedy, of an alkali and an acid; as, hermetic
medicine.
3. Made perfectly close or air-tight by fusion, so that no
gas or spirit can enter or escape; as, an hermetic seal.
See Note under {Hermetically}.
{Hermetic art}, alchemy.
{Hermetic books}.
(a) Books of the Egyptians, which treat of astrology.
(b) Books which treat of universal principles, of the
nature and orders of celestial beings, of medicine,
and other topics.
Hermetically \Her*met"ic*al*ly\, adv.
1. In an hermetical manner; chemically. --Boyle.
2. By fusion, so as to form an air-tight closure.
Note: A vessel or tube is hermetically sealed when it is
closed completely against the passage of air or other
fluid by fusing the extremity; -- sometimes less
properly applied to any air-tight closure.
Hermit \Her"mit\, n. [OE. ermite, eremite, heremit, heremite, F.
hermite, ermite, L. eremita, Gr. ?, fr. ? lonely, solitary.
Cf. {Eremite}.]
1. A person who retires from society and lives in solitude; a
recluse; an anchoret; especially, one who so lives from
religious motives.
He had been Duke of Savoy, and after a very glorious
reign, took on him the habit of a hermit, and
retired into this solitary spot. --Addison.
2. A beadsman; one bound to pray for another. [Obs.] ``We
rest your hermits.'' --Shak.
{Hermit crab} (Zo["o]l.), a marine decapod crustacean of the
family {Pagurid[ae]}. The species are numerous, and belong
to many genera. Called also {soldier crab}. The hermit
crabs usually occupy the dead shells of various univalve
mollusks. See Illust. of {Commensal}.
{Hermit thrush} (Zo["o]l.), an American thrush ({Turdus
Pallasii}), with retiring habits, but having a sweet song.
{Hermit warbler} (Zo["o]l.), a California wood warbler
({Dendroica occidentalis}), having the head yellow, the
throat black, and the back gray, with black streaks.
Hermitage \Her"mit*age\ (?; 48), n. [OE. hermitage, ermitage, F.
hermitage, ermitage. See {Hermit}.]
1. The habitation of a hermit; a secluded residence.
Some forlorn and naked hermitage, Remote from all the
pleasures of the world. --Shak.
2. [F. Vin de l'Hermitage.] A celebrated French wine, both
white and red, of the Department of Dr[^o]me.
Hermitary \Her"mit*a*ry\, n. [Cf. LL. hermitorium, eremitorium.]
A cell annexed to an abbey, for the use of a hermit.
--Howell.
Hermitess \Her"mit*ess\, n.
A female hermit. --Coleridge.
Hermitical \Her*mit"i*cal\, a.
Pertaining to, or suited for, a hermit. --Coventry.
Hermodactyl \Her`mo*dac"tyl\, n. [NL. hermodactylus, lit.,
Hermes' finger; fr. Gr. ? Hermes + ? finger.] (med.)
A heart-shaped bulbous root, about the size of a finger,
brought from Turkey, formerly used as a cathartic.
Hermogenian \Her`mo*ge"ni*an\, n. (Eccl. Hist.)
A disciple of Hermogenes, an heretical teacher who lived in
Africa near the close of the second century. He held matter
to be the fountain of all evil, and that souls and spirits
are formed of corrupt matter.
Hern \Hern\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A heron; esp., the common European heron. ``A stately hern.''
--Trench.
Hernani \Her*na"ni\, n.
A thin silk or woolen goods, for women's dresses, woven in
various styles and colors.
Herne \Herne\, n. [AS. hyrne.]
A corner. [Obs.]
Lurking in hernes and in lanes blind. --Chaucer.
Hernia \Her"ni*a\, n.; pl. E. {Hernias}, L. {Herni[ae]}. [L.]
(Med.)
A protrusion, consisting of an organ or part which has
escaped from its natural cavity, and projects through some
natural or accidental opening in the walls of the latter; as,
hernia of the brain, of the lung, or of the bowels. Hernia of
the abdominal viscera in most common. Called also {rupture}.
{Strangulated hernia}, a hernia so tightly compressed in some
part of the channel through which it has been protruded as
to arrest its circulation, and produce swelling of the
protruded part. It may occur in recent or chronic hernia,
but is more common in the latter.
Hernial \Her"ni*al\, a.
Of, or connected with, hernia.
Herniotomy \Her`ni*ot"o*my\, n. [Hernia + Gr. ? to cut.] (Med.)
A cutting for the cure or relief of hernia; celotomy.
Hernshaw \Hern"shaw\, n.
Heronshaw. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hero \He"ro\, n.; pl. {Heroes}. [F. h['e]ros, L. heros, Gr. ?.]
1. (Myth.) An illustrious man, supposed to be exalted, after
death, to a place among the gods; a demigod, as Hercules.
2. A man of distinguished valor or enterprise in danger, or
fortitude in suffering; a prominent or central personage
in any remarkable action or event; hence, a great or
illustrious person.
Each man is a hero and oracle to somebody.
--Emerson.
3. The principal personage in a poem, story, and the like, or
the person who has the principal share in the transactions
related; as Achilles in the Iliad, Ulysses in the Odyssey,
and [AE]neas in the [AE]neid.
The shining quality of an epic hero. --Dryden.
{Hero worship}, extravagant admiration for great men, likened
to the ancient worship of heroes.
Hero worship exists, has existed, and will forever
exist, universally among mankind. --Carlyle.
Herodian \He*ro"di*an\, n. (Jewish Hist.)
One of a party among the Jews, composed of partisans of Herod
of Galilee. They joined with the Pharisees against Christ.
Herodiones \He*ro`di*o"nes\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a heron.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A division of wading birds, including the herons, storks, and
allied forms. Called also {Herodii}. -- {He*ro`di*o"nine}, a.
Heroess \He"ro*ess\, n.
A heroine. [Obs.] --Dryden.
Heroic \He*ro"ic\, a. [F. h['e]ro["i]que, L. hero["i]cus, Gr.
?.]
1. Of or pertaining to, or like, a hero; of the nature of
heroes; distinguished by the existence of heroes; as, the
heroic age; an heroic people; heroic valor.
2. Worthy of a hero; bold; daring; brave; illustrious; as,
heroic action; heroic enterprises.
3. (Sculpture & Painting) Larger than life size, but smaller
than colossal; -- said of the representation of a human
figure.
{Heroic Age}, the age when the heroes, or those called the
children of the gods, are supposed to have lived.
{Heroic poetry}, that which celebrates the deeds of a hero;
epic poetry.
{Heroic} {treatment or remedies} (Med.), treatment or
remedies of a severe character, suited to a desperate
case.
{Heroic verse} (Pros.), the verse of heroic or epic poetry,
being in English, German, and Italian the iambic of ten
syllables; in French the iambic of twelve syllables; and
in classic poetry the hexameter.
Syn: Brave; intrepid; courageous; daring; valiant; bold;
gallant; fearless; enterprising; noble; magnanimous;
illustrious.
Heroical \He*ro"ic*al\, a.
Heroic. [R.] --Spectator. -- {He*ro"ic*al*ly}, adv. --
{He*ro"ic*al*ness}, n.
Heroicness \He*ro"ic*ness\, n.
Heroism. [R.] --W. Montagu.
Heroicomic \He`ro*i*com"ic\, Heroicomical \He`ro*i*com"ic*al\,
a. [Cf. F. h['e]ro["i]comigue. See {Heroic}, and {Comic}.]
Combining the heroic and the ludicrous; denoting high
burlesque; as, a heroicomic poem.
Heroine \Her"o*ine\, n. [F. h['e]ro["i]ne, L. heroina, Gr. ?,
fem. of ?. See {Hero}.]
1. A woman of an heroic spirit.
The heroine assumed the woman's place. --Dryden.
2. The principal female person who figures in a remarkable
action, or as the subject of a poem or story.
Heroism \Her"o*ism\ (?; 277), n. [F. h['e]ro["i]sme.]
The qualities characteristic of a hero, as courage, bravery,
fortitude, unselfishness, etc.; the display of such
qualities.
Heroism is the self-devotion of genius manifesting
itself in action. --Hare.
Syn: {Heroism}, {Courage}, {Fortitude}, {Bravery}, {Valor},
{Intrepidity}, {Gallantry}.
Usage: Courage is generic, denoting fearlessness or defiance
of danger; fortitude is passive courage, the habit of
bearing up nobly under trials, danger, and sufferings;
bravery is courage displayed in daring acts; valor is
courage in battle or other conflicts with living
opponents; intrepidity is firm courage, which shrinks
not amid the most appalling dangers; gallantry is
adventurous courage, dashing into the thickest of the
fight. Heroism may call into exercise all these
modifications of courage. It is a contempt of danger,
not from ignorance or inconsiderate levity, but from a
noble devotion to some great cause, and a just
confidence of being able to meet danger in the spirit
of such a cause. Cf. {Courage}.
Heron \Her"on\, n. [OE. heiroun, heroun, heron, hern, OF.
hairon, F. h['e]ron, OHG. heigir; cf. Icel. hegri, Dan.
heire, Sw. h["a]ger, and also G. h["a]her jay, jackdaw, OHG.
hehara, higere, woodpecker, magpie, D. reiger heron, G.
reiher, AS. hr[=a]gra. Cf. {Aigret}, {Egret}.] (Zo["o]l.)
Any wading bird of the genus {Ardea} and allied genera, of
the family {Ardeid[ae]}. The herons have a long, sharp bill,
and long legs and toes, with the claw of the middle toe
toothed. The common European heron ({Ardea cinerea}) is
remarkable for its directly ascending flight, and was
formerly hunted with the larger falcons.
Note: There are several common American species; as, the
great blue heron ({Ardea herodias}); the little blue
({A. c[oe]rulea}); the green ({A. virescens}); the
snowy ({A. candidissima}); the night heron or qua-bird
({Nycticorax nycticorax}). The plumed herons are called
{egrets}.
{Heron's bill} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Erodium}; -- so
called from the fancied resemblance of the fruit to the
head and beak of the heron.
Heroner \Her"on*er\, n.
A hawk used in hunting the heron. ``Heroner and falcon.''
--Chaucer.
Heronry \Her"on*ry\, n.
A place where herons breed.
Heronsew \Her"on*sew\, n.
A heronshaw. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Heronshaw \Her"on*shaw\, n. [OF. heroncel, dim. of h['e]ron. See
{Heron}.] (Zo["o]l.)
A heron. [Written variously {hernshaw}, {harnsey}, etc.]
Heroologist \He`ro*["o]l"o*gist\, n. [Gr. ? + ? discourse.]
One who treats of heroes. [R.] --T. Warton.
Heroship \He"ro*ship\, n.
The character or personality of a hero. ``Three years of
heroship.'' --Cowper.
Herpes \Her"pes\, n. [L., fr. Gr. "e`rphs, fr. "e`rpein to
creep.] (Med.)
An eruption of the skin, taking various names, according to
its form, or the part affected; especially, an eruption of
vesicles in small distinct clusters, accompanied with itching
or tingling, including shingles, ringworm, and the like; --
so called from its tendency to creep or spread from one part
of the skin to another.
Herpetic \Her*pet"ic\, a. [Cf. F. herp['e]tique.]
Pertaining to, or resembling, the herpes; partaking of the
nature of herpes; as, herpetic eruptions.
Herpetism \Her"pe*tism\, n. [See {Herpes}.] (Med.)
See {Dartrous diathesis}, under {Dartrous}.
Herpetologic \Her*pet`o*log"ic\, Herpetological
\Her*pet`o*log"ic*al\, a.
Pertaining to herpetology.
Herpetologist \Her`pe*tol"o*gist\, n.
One versed in herpetology, or the natural history of
reptiles.
Herpetology \Her`pe*tol"o*gy\, n. [Written also, but less
properly, erpetology.] [Gr. ? a creeping thing, reptile (fr.
? to creep) + -logy: cf. F. herp['e]tologie.]
The natural history of reptiles; that branch of zo["o]logy
which relates to reptiles, including their structure,
classification, and habits.
Herpetotomist \Her`pe*tot"o*mist\, n.
One who dissects, or studies the anatomy of, reptiles.
Herpetotomy \Her`pe*tot"o*my\, n. [Gr. ? a reptile + ? to cut.]
The anatomy or dissection of reptiles.
Herr \Herr\, n.
A title of respect given to gentlemen in Germany, equivalent
to the English Mister.
Herring \Her"ring\, n. [OE. hering, AS. h[ae]ring; akin to D.
haring, G. h["a]ring, hering, OHG. haring, hering, and prob.
to AS. here army, and so called because they commonly move in
large numbers. Cf. {Harry}.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of various species of fishes of the genus {Clupea}, and
allied genera, esp. the common round or English herring ({C.
harengus}) of the North Atlantic. Herrings move in vast
schools, coming in spring to the shores of Europe and
America, where they are salted and smoked in great
quantities.
{Herring gull} (Zo["o]l.), a large gull which feeds in part
upon herrings; esp., {Larus argentatus} in America, and
{L. cachinnans} in England. See {Gull}.
{Herring hog} (Zo["o]l.), the common porpoise.
{King of the herrings}. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The chim[ae]ra ({C. monstrosa}) which follows the schools
of herring. See {Chim[ae]ra}.
(b) The opah.
Herringbone \Her"ring*bone`\ (h[e^]r"r[i^]ng*b[=o]n`), a.
Pertaining to, or like, the spine of a herring; especially,
characterized by an arrangement of work in rows of parallel
lines, which in the alternate rows slope in different
directions.
{Herringbone stitch}, a kind of cross-stitch in needlework,
chiefly used in flannel. --Simmonds.
Herrnhuter \Herrn"hut*er\ (h[~e]rn"h[u^]*[~e]r; G.
h[e^]rn"h[=oo]*[~e]r), n. (Eccl. Hist.)
One of the Moravians; -- so called from the settlement of
Herrnhut (the Lord's watch) made, about 1722, by the
Moravians at the invitation of Nicholas Lewis, count of
Zinzendorf, upon his estate in the circle of Bautzen.
Hers \Hers\ (h[~e]rz), pron.
See the Note under {Her}, pron.
Hersal \Her"sal\, n.
Rehearsal. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Herschel \Her"schel\, n. (Astron.)
See {Uranus}.
Herschelian \Her*sche"li*an\, a.
Of or relating to Sir William Herschel; as, the Herschelian
telescope.
Herse \Herse\ (h[~e]rs), n. [F. herse harrow, portcullis, OF.
herce, LL. hercia, L. hirpex, gen. hirpicis, and irpex, gen.
irpicis, harrow. The LL. hercia signifies also a kind of
candlestick in the form of a harrow, having branches filled
with lights, and placed at the head of graves or cenotaphs;
whence herse came to be used for the grave, coffin, or chest
containing the dead. Cf. {Hearse}.]
1. (Fort.) A kind of gate or portcullis, having iron bars,
like a harrow, studded with iron spikes. It is hung above
gateways so that it may be quickly lowered, to impede the
advance of an enemy. --Farrow.
2. See {Hearse}, a carriage for the dead.
3. A funeral ceremonial. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Herse \Herse\, v. t.
Same as {Hearse}, v. t. --Chapman.
Herself \Her*self"\, pron.
1. An emphasized form of the third person feminine pronoun;
-- used as a subject with she; as, she herself will bear
the blame; also used alone in the predicate, either in the
nominative or objective case; as, it is herself; she
blames herself.
2. Her own proper, true, or real character; hence, her right,
or sane, mind; as, the woman was deranged, but she is now
herself again; she has come to herself.
{By herself}, alone; apart; unaccompanied.
Hersillon \Her"sil*lon\, n. [F., fr. herse a harrow. See
{Herse}, n.] (Fort.)
A beam with projecting spikes, used to make a breach
impassable.
Hert \Hert\, n.
A hart. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Herte \Her"te\, n.
A heart. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hertely \Her"te*ly\, a. & adv.
Hearty; heartily. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hery \Her"y\, v. t. [AS. herian.]
To worship; to glorify; to praise. [Obs.] --Chaucer. Spenser.
Hesitancy \Hes"i*tan*cy\, n. [L. haesitantia a stammering.]
1. The act of hesitating, or pausing to consider; slowness in
deciding; vacillation; also, the manner of one who
hesitates.
2. A stammering; a faltering in speech.
Hesitant \Hes"i*tant\, a. [L. haesitans, p. pr. of haesitare:
cf. F. h['e]sitant. See {Hesitate}.]
1. Not prompt in deciding or acting; hesitating.
2. Unready in speech. --Baxter.
Hesitantly \Hes"i*tant*ly\, adv.
With hesitancy or doubt.
Hesitate \Hes"i*tate\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hesitated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Hesitating}.] [L. haesitatus, p. p. of haesitare,
intens. fr. haerere to hesitate, stick fast; to hang or hold
fast. Cf. {Aghast}, {Gaze}, {Adhere}.]
1. To stop or pause respecting decision or action; to be in
suspense or uncertainty as to a determination; as, he
hesitated whether to accept the offer or not; men often
hesitate in forming a judgment. --Pope.
2. To stammer; to falter in speaking.
Syn: To doubt; waver; scruple; deliberate; demur; falter;
stammer.
Hesitate \Hes"i*tate\, v. t.
To utter with hesitation or to intimate by a reluctant
manner. [Poetic & R.]
Just hint a fault, and hesitate dislike. --Pope.
Hesitatingly \Hes"i*ta`ting*ly\, adv.
With hesitation or doubt.
Hesitation \Hes`i*ta"tion\, n. [L. haesitatio: cf. F.
h['e]sitation.]
1. The act of hesitating; suspension of opinion or action;
doubt; vacillation.
2. A faltering in speech; stammering. --Swift.
Hesitative \Hes"i*ta*tive\, a.
Showing, or characterized by, hesitation.
[He said] in his mild, hesitative way. --R. D.
Blackmore.
Hesitatory \Hes"i*ta*to*ry\, a.
Hesitating. --R. North.
Hesp \Hesp\, n. [Cf. Icel. hespa a hasp, a wisp or skein. See
{Hasp}.]
A measure of two hanks of linen thread. [Scot.] [Written also
{hasp}.] --Knight.
Hesper \Hes"per\, n. [See {Hesperian}.]
The evening; Hesperus.
Hesperetin \Hes*per"e*tin\, n. (Chem.)
A white, crystalline substance having a sweetish taste,
obtained by the decomposition of hesperidin, and regarded as
a complex derivative of caffeic acid.
Hesperian \Hes*pe"ri*an\, a. [L. hesperius, fr. hesperus the
evening star, Gr. ? evening, ? ? the evening star. Cf.
{Vesper}.]
Western; being in the west; occidental. [Poetic] --Milton.
Hesperian \Hes*pe"ri*an\, n.
A native or an inhabitant of a western country. [Poetic] --J.
Barlow.
Hesperian \Hes*pe"ri*an\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of or pertaining to a family of butterflies called
{Hesperid[ae]}, or skippers. -- n. Any one of the numerous
species of {Hesperid[ae]}; a skipper.
Hesperid \Hes"per*id\, a. & n. (Zo["o]l.)
Same as 3d {Hesperian}.
Hesperidene \Hes*per"i*dene\, n. [See {Hesperidium}.] (Chem.)
An isomeric variety of terpene from orange oil.
Hesperides \Hes*per"i*des\, n. pl. [L., fr. Gr. ?.]
1. (Class. Myth.) The daughters of Hesperus, or Night
(brother of Atlas), and fabled possessors of a garden
producing golden apples, in Africa, at the western
extremity of the known world. To slay the guarding dragon
and get some of these apples was one of the labors of
Hercules. Called also {Atlantides}.
2. The garden producing the golden apples.
It not love a Hercules, Still climbing trees in the
Hesperides? --Shak.
Hesperidin \Hes*per"i*din\, n. [See {Hesperidium}.] (Chem.)
A glucoside found in ripe and unripe fruit (as the orange),
and extracted as a white crystalline substance.
Hesperidium \Hes`pe*rid"i*um\, n. [NL. So called in allusion to
the golden apples of the Hesperides. See {Hesperides}.]
(Bot.)
A large berry with a thick rind, as a lemon or an orange.
Hesperornis \Hes`pe*ror"nis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? western + ?, ?,
a bird.] (Paleon.)
A genus of large, extinct, wingless birds from the Cretaceous
deposits of Kansas, belonging to the Odontornithes. They had
teeth, and were essentially carnivorous swimming ostriches.
Several species are known. See Illust. in Append.
Hesperus \Hes"pe*rus\, n. [L. See {Hesper}.]
1. Venus when she is the evening star; Hesper.
2. Evening. [Poetic]
The Sun was sunk, and after him the Star Of
Hesperus. --Milton.
Hessian \Hes"sian\, a.
Of or relating to Hesse, in Germany, or to the Hessians.
{Hessian boots}, or {Hessians}, boot of a kind worn in
England, in the early part of the nineteenth century,
tasseled in front. --Thackeray.
{Hessian cloth}, or {Hessians}, a coarse hempen cloth for
sacking.
{Hessian crucible}. See under {Crucible}.
{Hessian fly} (Zo["o]l.), a small dipterous fly or midge
({Cecidomyia destructor}). Its larv[ae] live between the
base of the lower leaves and the stalk of wheat, and are
very destructive to young wheat; -- so called from the
erroneous idea that it was brought into America by the
Hessian troops, during the Revolution.
Hessian \Hes"sian\, n.
1. A native or inhabitant of Hesse.
2. A mercenary or venal person. [U. S.]
Note: This use is a relic of the patriot hatred of the
Hessian mercenaries who served with the British troops
in the Revolutionary War.
3. pl. See {Hessian boots} and cloth, under {Hessian}, a.
Hessite \Hess"ite\, n. [After H. Hess.] (Min.)
A lead-gray sectile mineral. It is a telluride of silver.
Hest \Hest\, n. [AS. h?s, fr. h?tan to call, bid. See {Hight},
and cf. {Behest}.]
Command; precept; injunction. [Archaic] See {Behest}. ``At
thy hest.'' --Shak.
Let him that yields obey the victor's hest. --Fairfax.
Yet I thy hest will all perform, at full. --Tennyson.
Hestern \Hes"tern\, Hesternal \Hes*ter"nal\, a. [L. hesternus;
akin to heri yesterday.]
Pertaining to yesterday. [Obs.] See {Yester}, a. --Ld.
Lytton.
Hesychast \Hes"y*chast\, n. [Gr. ? hermit, fr. ? to be still or
quiet, fr. ? still, calm.]
One of a mystical sect of the Greek Church in the fourteenth
century; a quietist. --Brande & C.
Hetairism \He*tair"ism\, Hetarism \Het"a*rism\, n. [Gr. ? a
companion, a concubine, fem. of ? a comrade.]
A supposed primitive state of society, in which all the women
of a tribe were held in common. --H. Spencer. --
{Het`a*ris"tic}, a.
Hetchel \Hetch"el\, v. t.
Same as {Hatchel}.
Hete \Hete\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Hete}, later {Het}.]
Variant of {Hote}. [Obs.]
But one avow to greate God I hete. --Chaucer.
Heteracanth \Het"er*a*canth\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. ? a spine.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Having the spines of the dorsal fin unsymmetrical, or
thickened alternately on the right and left sides.
Heterarchy \Het"er*arch`y\, n. [Hetero- + -archy.]
The government of an alien. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Heterauxesis \Het`e*raux*e"sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? the other +
? growth.] (Bot.)
Unequal growth of a cell, or of a part of a plant.
Hetero- \Het"er*o-\ [Gr. "e`teros other.]
A combining form signifying other, other than usual,
different; as, heteroclite, heterodox, heterogamous.
Heterocarpism \Het`er*o*car"pism\, n. [Hetero- + Gr.? fruit.]
(Bot.)
The power of producing two kinds of reproductive bodies, as
in Amphicarp[ae]a, in which besides the usual pods, there are
others underground.
Heterocarpous \Het`er*o*car"pous\, a. (Bot.)
Characterized by heterocarpism.
Hetercephalous \Het`er*ceph"a*lous\, a. [Hetero- + Gr.? head.]
(Bot.)
Bearing two kinds of heads or capitula; -- said of certain
composite plants.
Heterocera \Het`e*roc"e*ra\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? other + ?
horn.] (Zo["o]l.)
A division of Lepidoptera, including the moths, and hawk
moths, which have the antenn[ae] variable in form.
Heterocercal \Het`er*o*cer"cal\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. ? tail.]
(Anat.)
Having the vertebral column evidently continued into the
upper lobe of the tail, which is usually longer than the
lower one, as in sharks.
Heterocercy \Het"er*o*cer`cy\, n. [Hetero- + Gr. ? a tail.]
(anat.)
Unequal development of the tail lobes of fishes; the
possession of a heterocercal tail.
Heterochromous \Het`er*o*chro"mous\ (?; 277), a. [Hetero- + Gr.
? color.] (bot.)
Having the central florets of a flower head of a different
color from those of the circumference.
Heterochronism \Het`er*och"ro*nism\, Heterochrony
\Het`er*och"ro*ny\, n. [Gr. ? of different times; ? other + ?
time.] (Biol.)
In evolution, a deviation from the typical sequence in the
formation of organs or parts.
Heteroclite \Het"er*o*clite\, a. [L. heteroclitus, Gr. ?; ?
other + ? to lean, incline, inflect: cf. F.
h['e]t['e]roclite.]
Deviating from ordinary forms or rules; irregular; anomalous;
abnormal.
Heteroclite \Het"er*o*clite\, n.
1. (Gram.) A word which is irregular or anomalous either in
declension or conjugation, or which deviates from ordinary
forms of inflection in words of a like kind; especially, a
noun which is irregular in declension.
2. Any thing or person deviating from the common rule, or
from common forms. --Howell.
Heteroclitic \Het`er*o*clit"ic\, Heteroclitical
\Het`er*o*clit"ic*al\, a. [See {Heteroclite}.]
Deviating from ordinary forms or rules; irregular; anomalous;
abnormal.
Heteroclitous \Het`er*oc"li*tous\, a.
Heteroclitic. [Obs.]
Heterocyst \Het"er*o*cyst\, n. [Hetero- + cyst.] (Bot.)
A cell larger than the others, and of different appearance,
occurring in certain alg[ae] related to nostoc.
Heterodactyl \Het`er*o*dac"tyl\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Heterodactylous. -- n. One of the Heterodactyl[ae].
Heterodactylae \Het`e*ro*dac"ty*l[ae]\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?
other + ? a finger.] (Zo["o]l.)
A group of birds including the trogons.
Heterodactylous \Het`er*o*dac"tyl*ous\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. ? a
toe.] (Zo["o]l.)
Having the first and second toes turned backward, as in the
trogons.
Heterodont \Het"er*o*dont\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. ?, ? a tooth.]
(Anat.)
Having the teeth differentiated into incisors, canines, and
molars, as in man; -- opposed to homodont.
Heterodont \Het"er*o*dont\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Any animal with heterodont dentition.
Heterodox \Het"er*o*dox\, a. [Gr. ?; ? other + ? opinion; cf. F.
h['e]t['e]rodoxe.]
1. Contrary to, or differing from, some acknowledged
standard, as the Bible, the creed of a church, the decree
of a council, and the like; not orthodox; heretical; --
said of opinions, doctrines, books, etc., esp. upon
theological subjects.
Raw and indigested, heterodox, preaching. --Strype.
2. Holding heterodox opinions, or doctrines not orthodox;
heretical; -- said of persons. --Macaulay. --
{Het"er*o*dox`ly}, adv. -- {Het"er*o*dox`ness}, n.
Heterodox \Het"er*o*dox\, n.
An opinion opposed to some accepted standard. [Obs.] --Sir T.
Browne.
Heterodoxal \Het"er*o*dox`al\, a.
Not orthodox. --Howell.
Heterodoxy \Het"er*o*dox`y\, n. [Gr. ?: cf. F.
h['e]t['e]rodoxie.]
An opinion or doctrine, or a system of doctrines, contrary to
some established standard of faith, as the Scriptures, the
creed or standards of a church, etc.; heresy. --Bp. Bull.
Heterodromous \Het`er*od"ro*mous\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. ? to run.]
1. (Bot.) Having spirals of changing direction. --Gray.
2. (Mech.) Moving in opposite directions; -- said of a lever,
pulley, etc., in which the resistance and the actuating
force are on opposite sides of the fulcrum or axis.
Heterogamous \Het`er*og"a*mous\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. ga`mos
marriage: cf. F. h['e]t['e]rogame.] (Bot. & Biol.)
(a) The condition of having two or more kinds of flowers
which differ in regard to stamens and pistils, as in
the aster.
(b) Characterized by heterogamy.
Heterogamy \Het`er*og"a*my\, n. [See {Heterogamous}.]
1. (Bot.) The process of fertilization in plants by an
indirect or circuitous method; -- opposed to orthogamy.
2. (Biol.) That form of alternate generation in which two
kinds of sexual generation, or a sexual and a
parthenogenetic generation, alternate; -- in distinction
from {metagenesis}, where sexual and asexual generations
alternate. --Claus & Sedgwick.
Heterogangliate \Het`er*o*gan"gli*ate\, a. [Hetero- +
gangliate.] (Physiol.)
Having the ganglia of the nervous system unsymmetrically
arranged; -- said of certain invertebrate animals.
Heterogene \Het"er*o*gene\, a.
Heterogenous. [Obs.]
Heterogeneal \Het`er*o*ge"ne*al\, a.
Heterogeneous.
Heterogeneity \Het`er*o*ge*ne"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
h['e]t['e]rog['e]n['e]it['e].]
The state of being heterogeneous; contrariety.
The difference, indeed the heterogeneity, of the two
may be felt. --Coleridge.
Heterogeneous \Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous\, a. [Gr. ?; ? + ? race, kind;
akin to E. kin: cf. F. h['e]t['e]rog[`e]ne.]
Differing in kind; having unlike qualities; possessed of
different characteristics; dissimilar; -- opposed to
homogeneous, and said of two or more connected objects, or of
a conglomerate mass, considered in respect to the parts of
which it is made up. -- {Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous*ly}, adv. --
{Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous*ness}, n.
{Heterogeneous nouns} (Gram.), nouns having different genders
in the singular and plural numbers; as, hic locus, of the
masculine gender in the singular, and hi loci and h[ae]c
loca, both masculine and neuter in the plural; hoc
c[ae]lum, neuter in the singular; hi c[ae]li, masculine in
the plural.
{Heterogeneous quantities} (Math.), such quantities as are
incapable of being compared together in respect to
magnitude, and surfaces and solids.
{Heterogeneous surds} (Math.), surds having different radical
signs.
Heterogenesis \Het`er*o*gen"e*sis\, n. [Hetero- + genesis.]
1. (Biol.) Spontaneous generation, so called.
2. (Biol.) That method of reproduction in which the
successive generations differ from each other, the parent
organism producing offspring different in habit and
structure from itself, the original form, however,
reappearing after one or more generations; -- opposed to
{homogenesis}, or {gamogenesis}.
Heterogenetic \Het`er*o*ge*net"ic\, a. (Biol.)
Relating to heterogenesis; as, heterogenetic transformations.
Heterogenist \Het`er*og"e*nist\, n. (Biol.)
One who believes in the theory of spontaneous generation, or
heterogenesis. --Bastian.
Heterogenous \Het`er*og"e*nous\, a. (Biol.)
Of or pertaining to heterogenesis; heterogenetic.
Heterogeny \Het`er*og"e*ny\, n. (Biol.)
Heterogenesis.
Heterogonous \Het`er*og"o*nous\, a. (Bot.)
Characterized by heterogony. -- {Het`er*og"o*nous*ly}, adv.
Heterogony \Het`er*og"o*ny\, n. [Hetero- + Gr. ? offspring.]
(Bot.)
The condition of having two or more kinds of flowers,
different as to the length of their stamens and pistils.
Heterographic \Het`er*o*graph"ic\, a. [See {Heterography}.]
Employing the same letters to represent different sounds in
different words or syllables; -- said of methods of spelling;
as, the ordinary English orthography is heterographic.
Heterography \Het`er*og"ra*phy\, n. [Hetero- + -graphy.]
That method of spelling in which the same letters represent
different sounds in different words, as in the ordinary
English orthography; e. g., g in get and in ginger.
Heterogynous \Het`er*og"y*nous\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. ? a woman,
female.] (Zo["o]l.)
Having females very unlike the males in form and structure;
-- as certain insects, the males of which are winged, and the
females wingless.
Heterologous \Het`er*ol"o*gous\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. ?
proportion.]
Characterized by heterology; consisting of different
elements, or of like elements in different proportions;
different; -- opposed to homologous; as, heterologous organs.
{Heterologous stimulus}. (Physiol.) See under {Stimulus}.
{Heterologous tumor} (Med.), a tumor differing in structure
from the normal tissues of the body.
Heterology \Het`er*ol"o*gy\, n. [Hetero- + -logy.]
1. (Biol.) The absence of correspondence, or relation, in
type of structure; lack of analogy between parts, owing to
their being composed of different elements, or of like
elements in different proportions; variation in structure
from the normal form; -- opposed to homology.
2. (Chem.) The connection or relation of bodies which have
partial identity of composition, but different
characteristics and properties; the relation existing
between derivatives of the same substance, or of the
analogous members of different series; as, ethane, ethyl
alcohol, acetic aldehyde, and acetic acid are in
heterology with each other, though each in at the same
time a member of a distinct homologous series. Cf.
{Homology}.
Heteromera \Het`e*rom"e*ra\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? other + ?
part.] (Zo["o]l.)
A division of Coleoptera, having heteromerous tarsi.
Heteromerous \Het`er*om"er*ous\, a. [See {Heteromera}.]
1. (Chem & Crystallog.) Unrelated in chemical composition,
though similar or indentical in certain other respects;
as, borax and augite are hom[oe]morphous, but
heteromerous.
2. (Bot.) With the parts not corresponding in number.
3. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) Having the femoral artery developed as the principal
artery of the leg; -- said of certain birds, as the
cotingas and pipras.
(b) Having five tarsal joints in the anterior and middle
legs, but only four in the posterior pair, as the
blister beetles and oil beetles.
Heteromorphic \Het`er*o*mor"phic\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. ? form.]
(Biol.)
Deviating from the normal, perfect, or mature form; having
different forms at different stages of existence, or in
different individuals of the same species; -- applied
especially to insects in which there is a wide difference of
form between the larva and the adult, and to plants having
more than one form of flower.
Heteromorphism \Het`er*o*mor"phism\, Heteromorphy
\Het`er*o*mor"phy\, n. (Biol.)
The state or quality of being heteromorphic.
Heteromorphous \Het`er*o*mor"phous\, a. (Biol.)
Heteromorphic.
Heteromyaria \Het`e*ro*my*a"ri*a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? other
+ ? a muscle.] (Zo["o]l.)
A division of bivalve shells, including the marine mussels,
in which the two adductor muscles are very unequal. See
{Dreissena}, and Illust. under {Byssus}.
Heteronereis \Het`e*ro*ne*re"is\, n. [NL. See {Hetero-}, and
{Nereis}.] (Zo["o]l.)
A free-swimming, dimorphic, sexual form of certain species of
Nereis.
Note: In this state the head and its appendages are changed
in form, the eyes become very large; more or less of
the parapodia are highly modified by the development of
finlike lobes, and branchial lamell[ae], and their
set[ae] become longer and bladelike.
Heteronomous \Het`er*on"o*mous\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. no`mos law.]
Subject to the law of another. --Krauth-Fleming.
Heteronomy \Het`er*on"o*my\, n.
1. Subordination or subjection to the law of another;
political subjection of a community or state; -- opposed
to autonomy.
2. (Metaph.) A term applied by Kant to those laws which are
imposed on us from without, or the violence done to us by
our passions, wants, or desires. --Krauth-Fleming.
Heteronym \Het"er*o*nym\, n.
That which is heteronymous; a thing having a different name
or designation from some other thing; -- opposed to homonym.
Heteronymous \Het`er*on"y*mous\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. "o`nyma, for
"o`noma a name.]
Having different names or designations; standing in opposite
relations. --J. Le Conte. -- {Het"er*on"y*mous*ly}, adv.
Heteroousian \Het`er*o*ou`si*an\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. ? being,
essence.]
Having different essential qualities; of a different nature.
Heteroousian \Het`er*o*ou"si*an\, n. (Eccl. Hist.)
One of those Arians who held that the Son was of a different
substance from the Father.
Heteroousious \Het`er*o*ou"si*ous\, a.
See {Heteroousian}.
Heteropathic \Het`er*o*path"ic\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. ? suffering,
fr. ?, ?, to suffer.]
Of or pertaining to the method of heteropathy; allopathic.
Heteropathy \Het`er*op"a*thy\, n. [See {Heteropathic}.] (Med.)
That mode of treating diseases, by which a morbid condition
is removed by inducing an opposite morbid condition to
supplant it; allopathy.
Heteropelmous \Het`er*o*pel"mous\, a. [Hetero- + Gr. ? the sole
of the foot.] (Anat.)
Having each of the two flexor tendons of the toes bifid, the
branches of one going to the first and second toes; those of
the other, to the third and fourth toes. See Illust. in
Append.
Heterophagi \Het`e*roph"a*gi\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? other + ?
to eat.] (Zo["o]l.)
Altrices.
Heterophemist \Het`er*oph"e*mist\, n.
One liable to the fault of heterophemy.
Heterophemy \Het`er*oph"e*my\, n. [Hetero- + Gr. ? voice,
speech, fr. ? to speak.]
The unconscious saying, in speech or in writing, of that
which one does not intend to say; -- frequently the very
reverse of the thought which is present to consciousness.
--R. G. White.
Heterophony \Het`er*oph"o*ny\, n. [Hetero- + Gr. ? voice.]
(Med.)
An abnormal state of the voice. --Mayne.
Heterophyllous \Het`er*oph"yl*lous\, a. [Gr. ? other + ? leaf:
cf. F. h['e]t['e]rophylle.] (Bot.)
Having leaves of more than one shape on the same plant.
Heteroplasm \Het"er*o*plasm\, n. [Hetero- + Gr. ? anything
formed or molded.]
An abnormal formation foreign to the economy, and composed of
elements different from those are found in it in its normal
condition. --Dunglison.
Heteroplastic \Het`er*o*plas"tic\, a. [Hetero- + -plastic.]
(Biol.)
Producing a different type of organism; developing into a
different form of tissue, as cartilage which develops into
bone. --Haeckel.
Heteropod \Het`er*o*pod\, n. [Cf. F. h['e]t['e]ropode.]
(Zo["o]l.)
One of the Heteropoda. -- a. Heteropodous.
Heteropoda \Het`e*rop"o*da\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? other +
-poda.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of pelagic Gastropoda, having the foot developed
into a median fin. Some of the species are naked; others, as
{Carinaria} and {Atlanta}, have thin glassy shells.
Heteropodous \Het`er*op"o*dous\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of or pertaining to the Heteropoda.
Heteropter \Het`er*op"ter\, n.
One of the Heteroptera.
Heteroptera \Het`e*rop"te*ra\, n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? other + ?
a wing.] (Zo["o]l.)
A suborder of Hemiptera, in which the base of the anterior
wings is thickened. See {Hemiptera}.
Heteroptics \Het`er*op"tics\, n. [Hetero- + optics.]
False optics. --Spectator.
Heteroscian \Het`er*os"cian\, n. [Gr. ?; ? other + ? shadow: cf.
F. h['e]t['e]roscien.]
One who lives either north or south of the tropics, as
contrasted with one who lives on the other side of them; --
so called because at noon the shadows always fall in opposite
directions (the one northward, the other southward).
Heterosis \Het`e*ro"sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? alteration, fr. ?
other, different.] (Rhet.)
A figure of speech by which one form of a noun, verb, or
pronoun, and the like, is used for another, as in the
sentence: ``What is life to such as me?'' --Aytoun.
Heterosomati \Het`e*ro*so"ma*ti\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? other +
?, ?, body.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of fishes, comprising the flounders, halibut, sole,
etc., having the body and head asymmetrical, with both eyes
on one side. Called also {Heterosomata}, {Heterosomi}.
Heterosporic \Het`er*o*spor"ic\, Heterosporous
\Het`er*o*spor"ous\, a. [Hetero- + spore.] (Bot.)
Producing two kinds of spores unlike each other.
Heterostyled \Het"er*o*styled\, a. (Bot.)
Having styles of two or more distinct forms or lengths.
--Darwin.
Heterostylism \Het`er*o*sty"lism\, n. (Bot.)
The condition of being heterostyled.
Heterotactous \Het`er*o*tac"tous\, a. (Biol.)
Relating to, or characterized by, heterotaxy.
Heterotaxy \Het"er*o*tax`y\, n. [Hetero- + Gr. ? an arrangement,
fr. ? to arrange.] (Biol.)
Variation in arrangement from that existing in a normal form;
heterogenous arrangement or structure, as, in botany, the
deviation in position of the organs of a plant, from the
ordinary or typical arrangement.
Heterotopism \Het`er*ot"o*pism\, Heterotopy \Het`er*ot"o*py\, n.
[Hetero- + Gr. ? place: cf. F. h['e]t['e]rotopie.]
1. (Med.) A deviation from the natural position; -- a term
applied in the case of organs or growths which are
abnormal in situation.
2. (Biol.) A deviation from the natural position of parts,
supposed to be effected in thousands of years, by the
gradual displacement of germ cells.
Heterotricha \Het`e*rot"ri*cha\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? other +
?, gen. ?, a hair.] (Zo["o]l.)
A division of ciliated Infusoria, having fine cilia all over
the body, and a circle of larger ones around the anterior
end.
Heterotropal \Het`er*ot"ro*pal\, Heterotropous
\Het`er*ot"ro*pous\, a. [Gr. "etero`tropos turning another way;
? other + ? to turn: cf. F. h['e]t['e]rotrope.] (Bot.)
Having the embryo or ovule oblique or transverse to the
funiculus; amphitropous. --Gray.
Hething \He"thing\, n.
Contempt; scorn. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hetman \Het"man\, n.; pl. {Hetmans}. [Pol. hetman. Cf.
{Ataman}.]
A Cossack headman or general. The title of chief hetman is
now held by the heir to the throne of Russia.
Heugh \Heugh\, n. [Cf. {Hogh}.]
1. A crag; a cliff; a glen with overhanging sides. [Scot. &
Prov. Eng.]
2. A shaft in a coal pit; a hollow in a quarry. [Scot.]
Heuk \Heuk\, n.
Variant of {Huke}. [Obs.]
Heulandite \Heu"land*ite\, n. [After Heuland, an English
mineralogist.] (Min.)
A mineral of the Zeolite family, often occurring in
amygdaloid, in foliated masses, and also in monoclinic
crystals with pearly luster on the cleavage face. It is a
hydrous silicate of alumina and lime.
Heuristic \Heu*ris"tic\, a. [Gr. ? to discover.]
Serving to discover or find out.
Heved \Hev"ed\, n.
The head. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hew \Hew\, v. t. [imp. {Hewed}; p. p. {Hewed} or {Hewn}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Hewing}.] [AS. he['a]wan; akin to D. houwen, OHG.
houwan, G. hauen, Icel. h["o]ggva, Sw. hugga, Dan. hugge,
Lith. kova battle, Russ. kovate to hammer, forge. Cf. {Hay}
cut grass, {Hoe}.]
1. To cut with an ax; to fell with a sharp instrument; --
often with down, or off. --Shak.
2. To form or shape with a sharp instrument; to cut; hence,
to form laboriously; -- often with out; as, to hew out a
sepulcher.
Look unto the rock whence ye are hewn. --Is. li. 1.
Rather polishing old works than hewing out new.
--Pope.
3. To cut in pieces; to chop; to hack.
Hew them to pieces; hack their bones asunder.
--Shak.
Hew \Hew\, n.
Destruction by cutting down. [Obs.]
Of whom he makes such havoc and such hew. --Spenser.
Hew \Hew\, n.
1. Hue; color. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
2. Shape; form. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hewe \Hewe\, n. [Cf. {Hind} a peasant.]
A domestic servant; a retainer. [Obs.] ``False homely hewe.''
--Chaucer.
Hewer \Hew"er\, n.
One who hews.
Hewhole \Hew"hole`\, n. [Cf. {Hickwall}.] (Zo["o]l.)
The European green woodpecker. See {Yaffle}.
Hewn \Hewn\, a.
1. Felled, cut, or shaped as with an ax; roughly squared; as,
a house built of hewn logs.
2. Roughly dressed as with a hammer; as, hewn stone.
Hex- \Hex-\, Hexa \Hex"a\ [Gr. "e`x six. See {Six}.]
A prefix or combining form, used to denote six, sixth, etc.;
as, hexatomic, hexabasic.
Hexabasic \Hex`a*ba"sic\, a. [Hexa- + basic.] (Chem.)
Having six hydrogen atoms or six radicals capable of being
replaced or saturated by bases; -- said of acids; as,
mellitic acid is hexabasic.
Hexacapsular \Hex`a*cap"su*lar\, a. [Hexa- + capsular.] (Bot.)
Having six capsules or seed vessels.
Hexachord \Hex"a*chord\, n. [Hexa- + Gr. ? string, chord: cf. F.
hexacorde.] (Mus.)
A series of six notes, with a semitone between the third and
fourth, the other intervals being whole tones.
Hexacid \Hex`ac"id\, a. [Hex- + acid.] (Chem.)
Having six atoms or radicals capable of being replaced by
acids; hexatomic; hexavalent; -- said of bases; as, mannite
is a hexacid base.
Hexactinellid \Hex*ac`ti*nel"lid\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Having six-rayed spicules; belonging to the
{Hexactinellin[ae]}.
Hexactinelline \Hex*ac`ti*nel"line\, a. [From NL.
Hexactinellin[ae], fr. Gr. "e`x six + a dim. of ?, ?, a ray.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Belonging to the {Hexactinellin[ae]}, a group of sponges,
having six-rayed siliceous spicules.
Hexactinia \Hex`ac*tin"i*a\, n. pl. [NL. See {Hex-}, and
{Actinia}.] (Zo["o]l.)
The Anthozoa.
Hexad \Hex"ad\, n. [L. hexas, hexadis, the number six, Gr. ?, ?,
fr. "e`x six.] (chem.)
An atom whose valence is six, and which can be theoretically
combined with, substituted for, or replaced by, six monad
atoms or radicals; as, sulphur is a hexad in sulphuric acid.
Also used as an adjective.
Hexadactylous \Hex`a*dac"tyl*ous\, a. [Gr. ?; "e`x six + ?
finger: cf. F. hexadactyle.] (Zo["o]l.)
Having six fingers or toes.
Hexade \Hex"ade\, n. [See {Hexad}.]
A series of six numbers.
Hexadecane \Hex"a*dec`ane\, n. (Chem.)
See {Hecdecane}.
Hexagon \Hex"a*gon\, n. [L. hexagonum, Gr. ? six-cornered; "e`x
six (akin to E. six) + ? angle.] (Geom.)
A plane figure of six angles.
{Regular hexagon}, a hexagon in which the angles are all
equal, and the sides are also all equal.
Hexagonal \Hex*ag"o*nal\, a. [Cf. F. hexagonal.]
Having six sides and six angles; six-sided.
{Hexagonal system}. (Crystal.) See under {Crystallization}.
Hexagonally \Hex*ag"o*nal*ly\, adv.
In an hexagonal manner.
Hexagony \Hex*ag"o*ny\, n.
A hexagon. [Obs.] --Bramhall.
Hexagynia \Hex`a*gyn"i*a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "e`x six + gynh^
a woman, female: cf. F. hexagynie.] (Bot.)
A Linn[ae]an order of plants having six pistils.
Hexagynian \Hex`a*gyn"i*an\, Hexagynous \Hex*ag"y*nous\, a. [Cf.
F. hexagyne.] (Bot.)
Having six pistils.
Hexahedral \Hex`a*he"dral\, a.
In the form of a hexahedron; having six sides or faces.
Hexahedron \Hex`a*he"dron\, n.; pl. E. {Hexahedrons}, L.
{Hexahedra}. [Hexa- + Gr. ? seat, base, fr. ? to sit: cf. F.
hexa[`e]dre.] (Geom.)
A solid body of six sides or faces.
{Regular hexahedron}, a hexagon having six equal squares for
its sides; a cube.
Hexahemeron \Hex`a*hem"er*on\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "e`x six + ?
day; cf. L. hexa["e]meron, Gr. ?.]
1. A term of six days. --Good.
2. The history of the six day's work of creation, as
contained in the first chapter of Genesis.
Hexamerous \Hex*am"er*ous\, a. [Hexa- + Gr.? part.] (Bot.)
In six parts; in sixes.
Hexameter \Hex*am"e*ter\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ? of six meters; (sc.
?) hexameter verse; "e`x six + ? measure: cf. F.
hexam[`e]tre. See {Six}, and {Meter}.] (Gr. & Lat. Pros.)
A verse of six feet, the first four of which may be either
dactyls or spondees, the fifth must regularly be a dactyl,
and the sixth always a spondee. In this species of verse are
composed the Iliad of Homer and the [AE]neid of Virgil. In
English hexameters accent takes the place of quantity.
Leaped like the | roe when he | hears in the | woodland
the | voice of the | huntsman. --Longfellow.
Strongly it | bears us a- | long on | swelling and |
limitless | billows, Nothing be- | fore and | nothing
be- | hind but the | sky and the | ocean. --Coleridge.
Hexameter \Hex*am"e*ter\, a.
Having six metrical feet, especially dactyls and spondees.
--Holland.
Hexametric \Hex`a*met"ric\, Hexametrical \Hex`a*met"ric*al\, a.
Consisting of six metrical feet.
Hexametrist \Hex*am"e*trist\, n.
One who writes in hexameters. ``The Christian hexametrists.''
--Milman.
Hexandria \Hex*an"dri*a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "e`x six + ?, ?,
a man, male: cf. F. hexandrie.] (Bot.)
A Linn[ae]an class of plants having six stamens.
Hexandrian \Hex*an"dri*an\, Hex-androus \Hex-an"drous\, a. [Cf.
F. hexandre.] (Bot.)
Having six stamens.
Hexane \Hex"ane\, n. [Gr. "e`x six.] (Chem.)
Any one of five hydrocarbons, {C6H14}, of the paraffin
series. They are colorless, volatile liquids, and are so
called because the molecule has six carbon atoms.
Hexangular \Hex*an"gu*lar\, a. [Hex- + angular. Cf.
{Sexangular}.]
Having six angles or corners.
Hexapetalous \Hex`a*pet"al*ous\, a. [Hexa- + petal: cf. F.
hexap['e]tale.] (Bot.)
Having six petals.
Hexaphyllous \Hex*aph"yl*lous\, a. [Hexa- + Gr. ? a leaf: cf. F.
hexaphylle.] (Bot.)
Having six leaves or leaflets.
Hexapla \Hex"a*pla\, n. Etym. pl., but syntactically sing. [NL.,
fr. Gr. ?, fr. ?, contr. ?, sixfold.]
A collection of the Holy Scriptures in six languages or six
versions in parallel columns; particularly, the edition of
the Old Testament published by Origen, in the 3d century.
Hexapod \Hex"a*pod\, a. [Gr. ?, ?, sixfooted; "e`x six + ?, ?,
foot: cf. F. hexapode.]
Having six feet. -- n. (Zo["o]l.) An animal having six feet;
one of the Hexapoda.
Hexapoda \Hex*ap"o*da\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "e`x six + -poda.]
(Zo["o]l.)
The true, or six-legged, insects; insects other than
myriapods and arachnids.
Note: The Hexapoda have the head, thorax, and abdomen
differentiated, and are mostly winged. They have three
pairs of mouth organs, viz., mandibles, maxill[ae], and
the second maxill[ae] or labial palpi; three pairs of
thoracic legs; and abdominal legs, which are present
only in some of the lowest forms, and in the larval
state of some of the higher ones. Many (the Metabola)
undergo a complete metamorphosis, having larv[ae]
(known as maggots, grubs, caterpillars) very unlike the
adult, and pass through a quiescent pupa state in which
no food is taken; others (the Hemimetabola) have
larv[ae] much like the adult, expert in lacking wings,
and an active pupa, in which rudimentary wings appear.
See {Insecta}. The Hexapoda are divided into several
orders.
Hexapodous \Hex*ap"o*dous\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Having six feet; belonging to the Hexapoda.
Hexapterous \Hex*ap"ter*ous\, a. [Hexa- + Gr. ? wing.] (Bot.)
Having six processes. --Gray.
Hexastich \Hex"a*stich\, Hexastichon \Hex*as"ti*chon\, n. [L.
hexastichus of six rows, lines, or verses, Gr. ?; "e`x six +
sti`chos row, line, verse.]
A poem consisting of six verses or lines.
Hexastyle \Hex"a*style\, a. [Gr. ? with six columns; "e`x six +
column: cf. F. hexastyle.] (Arch.)
Having six columns in front; -- said of a portico or temple.
-- n. A hexastyle portico or temple.
Hexateuch \Hex"a*teuch`\, n. [Hexa- + ? a tool, a book.]
The first six books of the Old Testament.
Hexatomic \Hex`a*tom"ic\, a. [Hex- + atomic.] (Chem.)
(a) Having six atoms in the molecule. [R.]
(b) Having six replaceable radicals.
Hexavalent \Hex*av"a*lent\, a. [Hexa- + L. valens, -entis, p.
pr. See {Valence}.] (Chem.)
Having a valence of six; -- said of hexads.
Hexdecyl \Hex"de*cyl\, n. [Hex- + decyl.] (Chem.)
The essential radical, {C16H33}, of hecdecane.
Hexdecylic \Hex`de*cyl"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, hexdecyl or hecdecane; as,
hexdecylic alcohol.
Hexeikosane \Hex*ei"ko*sane\, n. [Hex- + eikosane.] (chem.)
A hydrocarbon, {C26H54}, resembling paraffine; -- so called
because each molecule has twenty-six atoms of carbon.
[Written also {hexacosane}.]
Hexene \Hex"ene\, n. [Gr. "e`x six.] (Chem.)
Same as {Hexylene}.
Hexicology \Hex`i*col"ogy\, n. [Gr. ? state or habit + -logy.]
The science which treats of the complex relations of living
creatures to other organisms, and to their surrounding
conditions generally.
--St. George Mivart.
Hexine \Hex"ine\, n. [Gr. "e`x six.] (Chem.)
A hydrocarbon, {C6H10}, of the acetylene series, obtained
artificially as a colorless, volatile, pungent liquid; --
called also {hexoylene}.
Hexoctahedron \Hex*oc`ta*he"dron\, n. [Hex- + octahedron.]
(Geom.)
A solid having forty-eight equal triangular faces.
Hexoic \Hex*o"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, hexane; as, hexoic acid.
Hexone \Hex"one\, n. [Hex- + -one.] (Chem.)
A liquid hydrocarbon, {C6H8}, of the valylene series,
obtained from distillation products of certain fats and gums.
Hexyl \Hex"yl\, n. [Hex- + -yl.] (chem.)
A compound radical, {C6H13}, regarded as the essential
residue of hexane, and a related series of compounds.
Hexylene \Hex"yl*ene\, n. [Hex- + -yl + ethlene.] (Chem.)
A colorless, liquid hydrocarbon, {C6H12}, of the ethylene
series, produced artificially, and found as a natural product
of distillation of certain coals; also, any one several
isomers of hexylene proper. Called also {hexene}.
Hexylic \Hex*yl"ic\, a. (chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, hexyl or hexane; as, hexylic
alcohol.
Hey \Hey\, a. [See {High}.]
High. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hey \Hey\, interj. [OE. hei; cf. D. & G. hei.]
1. An exclamation of joy, surprise, or encouragement. --Shak.
2. A cry to set dogs on. --Shak.
Heyday \Hey"day`\, interj. [Cf. G. heida, or hei da, D. hei
daar. Cf. {Hey}, and {There}.]
An expression of frolic and exultation, and sometimes of
wonder. --B. Jonson.
Heyday \Hey"day`\, n. [Prob. for. high day. See High, and
{Day}.]
The time of triumph and exultation; hence, joy, high spirits,
frolicsomeness; wildness.
The heyday in the blood is tame. --Shak.
In the heyday of their victories. --J. H.
Newman.
Heydeguy \Hey"de*guy\, n. [Perh. fr. heyday + guise.]
A kind of country-dance or round. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Heyh \Heyh\, Heygh \Heygh\, a.
High. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Heyne \Heyne\, n. [AS. he['a]n low, mean.]
A wretch; a rascal. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Heyten \Hey"ten\, adv. [Icel. h??an.]
Hence. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hiation \Hi*a"tion\, n. [See {Hiatus}.]
Act of gaping. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Hiatus \Hi*a"tus\, n.; pl. L. {Hiatus}, E. {Hiatuses}. [L., fr.
hiare, hiatum, to gape; akin to E. yawn. See {Yawn}.]
1. An opening; an aperture; a gap; a chasm; esp., a defect in
a manuscript, where some part is lost or effaced; a space
where something is wanting; a break.
2. (Gram.) The concurrence of two vowels in two successive
words or syllables. --Pope.
Hibernacle \Hi*ber"na*cle\, n. [L. hibernaculum a winter
residence, pl. hibernacula winter quarters: cf. F.
hibernacle. See {Hibernate}.]
That which serves for protection or shelter in winter; winter
quarters; as, the hibernacle of an animal or a plant.
--Martyn.
Hibernaculum \Hi`ber*nac"u*lum\, n. [See {Hibernacle}.]
1. (Bot.) A winter bud, in which the rudimentary foliage or
flower, as of most trees and shrubs in the temperate zone,
is protected by closely overlapping scales.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A little case in which certain insects pass the
winter.
3. Winter home or abiding place. --J. Burroughs.
Hibernal \Hi*ber"nal\, a. [L. hibernalis, from the root of hiems
winter; akin to Gr. ? snow, Skr. hima cold, winter, snow: cf.
F. hibernal.]
Belonging or relating to winter; wintry; winterish. --Sir T.
Browne.
Hibernate \Hi"ber*nate\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hibernated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Hibernating}.] [L. hibernare, hibernatum, fr.
hibernu? wintry. See {Hibernal}.]
To winter; to pass the season of winter in close quarters, in
a torpid or lethargic state, as certain mammals, reptiles,
and insects.
Inclination would lead me to hibernate, during half the
year, in this uncomfortable climate of Great Britain.
--Southey.
Hibernation \Hi`ber*na"tion\, n. [Cf. F. hibernation.]
The act or state of hibernating. --Evelyn.
Hibernian \Hi*ber"ni*an\, a. [L. Hibernia, Ireland.]
Of or pertaining to Hibernia, now Ireland; Irish. -- n. A
native or an inhabitant of Ireland.
Hibernicism \Hi*ber"ni*cism\, Hibernianism \Hi*ber"ni*an*ism\,
n.
An idiom or mode of speech peculiar to the Irish. --Todd.
Hiberno-Celtic \Hi*ber"no-Celt"ic\, n.
The native language of the Irish; that branch of the Celtic
languages spoken by the natives of Ireland. Also adj.
Hibiscus \Hi*bis"cus\, n. [L., marsh mallow; cf. Gr. ?.] (Bot.)
A genus of plants (herbs, shrubs, or trees), some species of
which have large, showy flowers. Some species are cultivated
in India for their fiber, which is used as a substitute for
hemp. See {Althea}, {Hollyhock}, and {Manoe}.
Hiccius doctius \Hic"ci*us doc"ti*us\ [Corrupted fr. L. hic est
doctus this is a learned man.]
A juggler. [Cant]
--Hudibras.
Hiccough \Hic"cough\ (?; 277), n. [OE. hickup, hicket, hickock;
prob. of imitative origin; cf. D. & Dan. hik, Sw. hicka,
Armor. hak, hik, W. ig, F. hoquet.] (Physiol.)
A modified respiratory movement; a spasmodic inspiration,
consisting of a sudden contraction of the diaphragm,
accompanied with closure of the glottis, so that further
entrance of air is prevented, while the impulse of the column
of air entering and striking upon the closed glottis produces
a sound, or hiccough. [Written also {hickup} or hiccup.]
Hiccough \Hic"cough\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hiccoughed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Hiccoughing}.]
To have a hiccough or hiccoughs.
Hickory \Hick"o*ry\, n. [North American Indian pawcohiccora
(Capt. J. Smith) a kind of milk or oily liquor pressed from
pounded hickory nuts. ``Pohickory'' is named in a list of
Virginia trees, in 1653, and this was finally shortened to
``hickory.'' --J. H. Trumbull.] (Bot.)
An American tree of the genus {Carya}, of which there are
several species. The shagbark is the {C. alba}, and has a
very rough bark; it affords the hickory nut of the markets.
The pignut, or brown hickory, is the {C. glabra}. The swamp
hickory is {C. amara}, having a nut whose shell is very thin
and the kernel bitter.
{Hickory shad}. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The mattowacca, or fall herring.
(b) The gizzard shad.
Hicksite \Hicks"ite\, n.
A member or follower of the ``liberal'' party, headed by
Elias Hicks, which, because of a change of views respecting
the divinity of Christ and the Atonement, seceded from the
conservative portion of the Society of Friends in the United
States, in 1827.
Hickup \Hick"up\, n. & v. i.
See {Hiccough}.
Hickwall \Hick"wall`\, Hickway \Hick"way`\, n. [OE., also
hyghwhele, highawe.]
The lesser spotted woodpecker ({Dendrocopus minor}) of
Europe. [Prov. Eng.]
Hid \Hid\,
imp. & p. p. of {Hide}. See {Hidden}.
Hidage \Hid"age\, n. [From hide a quantity of land.] (O. Eng.
Law.)
A tax formerly paid to the kings of England for every hide of
land. [Written also {hydage}.]
Hidalgo \Hi*dal"go\, n. [Sp., contr. fr. hijo de algo, i. e.,
son of something; hijo son (fr. LL. filius) + algo something,
fr. L. aliquod. Cf. {Fidalgo}.]
A title, denoting a Spanish nobleman of the lower class.
Hidden \Hid"den\, p. p. & a.
from {Hide}. Concealed; put out of view; secret; not known;
mysterious.
{Hidden fifths} or {octaves} (Mus.), consecutive fifths or
octaves, not sounded, but suggested or implied in the
parallel motion of two parts towards a fifth or an octave.
Syn: {Hidden}, {Secret}, {Covert}.
Usage: Hidden may denote either known to on one; as, a hidden
disease; or intentionally concealed; as, a hidden
purpose of revenge. Secret denotes that the thing is
known only to the party or parties concerned; as, a
secret conspiracy. Covert literally denotes what is
not open or avowed; as, a covert plan; but is often
applied to what we mean shall be understood, without
openly expressing it; as, a covert allusion. Secret is
opposed to known, and hidden to revealed.
Bring to light the hidden things of darkness.
--1 Cor. iv.
5.
My heart, which by a secret harmony Still moves
with thine, joined in connection sweet.
--Milton.
By what best way, Whether of open war, or covert
guile, We now debate. --Milton.
Hiddenite \Hid"den*ite\, n. [After W. E. Hidden.] (Min.)
An emerald-green variety of spodumene found in North
Carolina; lithia emerald, -- used as a gem.
Hiddenly \Hid"den*ly\, adv.
In a hidden manner.
Hide \Hide\ (h[imac]d), v. t. [imp. {Hid} (h[i^]d); p. p.
{Hidden} (h[i^]d"d'n), {Hid}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Hiding}
(h[imac]d"[i^]ng).] [OE. hiden, huden, AS. h[=y]dan; akin to
Gr. key`qein, and prob. to E. house, hut, and perh. to E.
hide of an animal, and to hoard. Cf. {Hoard}.]
1. To conceal, or withdraw from sight; to put out of view; to
secrete.
A city that is set on an hill can not be hid.
--Matt. v. 15.
If circumstances lead me, I will find Where truth is
hid. --Shak.
2. To withhold from knowledge; to keep secret; to refrain
from avowing or confessing.
Heaven from all creatures hides the book of fate.
--Pope.
3. To remove from danger; to shelter.
In the time of trouble he shall hide me in his
pavilion. --Ps. xxvi. 5.
{To hide one's self}, to put one's self in a condition to be
safe; to secure protection. ``A prudent man foreseeth the
evil, and hideth himself.'' --Prov. xxii. 3.
{To hide the face}, to withdraw favor. ``Thou didst hide thy
face, and I was troubled.'' --Ps. xxx. 7.
{To hide the face from}.
(a) To overlook; to pardon. ``Hide thy face from my
sins.'' --Ps. li. 9.
(b) To withdraw favor from; to be displeased with.
Syn: To conceal; secrete; disguise; dissemble; screen; cloak;
mask; veil. See {Conceal}.
Hide \Hide\, v. i.
To lie concealed; to keep one's self out of view; to be
withdrawn from sight or observation.
Bred to disguise, in public 'tis you hide. --Pope.
{Hide and seek}, a play of children, in which some hide
themselves, and others seek them. --Swift.
Hide \Hide\, n. [AS. h[=i]d, earlier h[=i]ged; prob. orig., land
enough to support a family; cf. AS. h[=i]wan, h[=i]gan,
members of a household, and E. hind a peasant.] (O. Eng.
Law.)
(a) An abode or dwelling.
(b) A measure of land, common in Domesday Book and old
English charters, the quantity of which is not well
ascertained, but has been differently estimated at 80,
100, and 120 acres. [Written also {hyde}.]
Hide \Hide\, n. [OE. hide, hude, AS. h[=y]d; akin to D. huid,
OHG. h[=u]t, G. haut, Icel. h[=u][eth], Dan. & Sw. hud, L.
cutis, Gr. ky`tos; and cf. Gr. sky`tos skin, hide, L. scutum
shield, and E. sky. [root]13.]
1. The skin of an animal, either raw or dressed; -- generally
applied to the undressed skins of the larger domestic
animals, as oxen, horses, etc.
2. The human skin; -- so called in contempt.
O tiger's heart, wrapped in a woman's hide! --Shak.
Hide \Hide\ (h[imac]d), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hided}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Hiding}.]
To flog; to whip. [Prov. Eng. & Low, U. S.]
Hidebound \Hide"bound`\, a.
1. Having the skin adhering so closely to the ribs and back
as not to be easily loosened or raised; -- said of an
animal.
2. (Hort.) Having the bark so close and constricting that it
impedes the growth; -- said of trees. --Bacon.
3. Untractable; bigoted; obstinately and blindly or stupidly
conservative. --Milton. Carlyle.
4. Niggardly; penurious. [Obs.] --Quarles.
Hideous \Hid"e*ous\ (?; 277), a. [OE. hidous, OF. hidous, hidos,
hidus, hisdos, hisdous, F. hideux: cf. OF. hide, hisde,
fright; of uncertain origin; cf. OHG. egid[=i] horror, or L.
hispidosus, for hispidus rough, bristly, E. hispid.]
1. Frightful, shocking, or offensive to the eyes; dreadful to
behold; as, a hideous monster; hideous looks. ``A piteous
and hideous spectacle.'' --Macaulay.
2. Distressing or offensive to the ear; exciting terror or
dismay; as, a hideous noise. ``Hideous cries.'' --Shak.
3. Hateful; shocking. ``Sure, you have some hideous matter to
deliver.'' --Shak.
Syn: Frightful; ghastly; grim; grisly; horrid; dreadful;
terrible. -- {Hid"e*ous*ly}, adv. -- {Hid"e*ous*ness},
n.
Hider \Hid"er\, n.
One who hides or conceals.
Hiding \Hid"ing\, n.
The act of hiding or concealing, or of withholding from view
or knowledge; concealment.
There was the hiding of his power. --Hab. iii. 4.
Hiding \Hid"ing\, n.
A flogging. [Colloq.] --Charles Reade.
Hie \Hie\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hied}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Hying}.]
[OE. hien, hihen, highen, AS. higian to hasten, strive; cf.
L. ciere to put in motion, call upon, rouse, Gr. ? to go, E.
cite.]
To hasten; to go in haste; -- also often with the reciprocal
pronoun. [Rare, except in poetry] ``My husband hies him
home.'' --Shak.
The youth, returning to his mistress, hies. --Dryden.
Hie \Hie\, n.
Haste; diligence. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hiems \Hi"ems\, n. [L.]
Winter. --Shak.
Hierapicra \Hi"e*ra*pi"cra\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? sacred + ?
bitter.] (med.)
A warming cathartic medicine, made of aloes and canella bark.
--Dunglison.
Hierarch \Hi"er*arch\, n. [LL. hierarcha, Gr. ?; "iero`s sacred
(akin to Skr. ishiras vigorous, fresh, blooming) + ? leader,
ruler, fr. ? to lead, rule: cf. F. hi['e]rarque.]
One who has high and controlling authority in sacred things;
the chief of a sacred order; as, princely hierarchs.
--Milton.
Hierarchal \Hi"er*arch`al\, Hierarchic \Hi`er*arch"ic\, a.
Pertaining to a hierarch. ``The great hierarchal standard.''
--Milton.
Hierarchical \Hi`er*arch"ic*al\, a. [Cf. F. hi['e]rarchique.]
Pertaining to a hierarchy. -- {Hi`er*arch`ic*al*ly}, adv.
Hierarchism \Hi"er*arch`ism\, n.
The principles or authority of a hierarchy.
The more dominant hierarchism of the West. --Milman.
Hierarchy \Hi"er*arch`y\, n.; pl. {Hierarchies}. [Gr. ?: cf. F.
hi['e]rarchie.]
1. Dominion or authority in sacred things.
2. A body of officials disposed organically in ranks and
orders each subordinate to the one above it; a body of
ecclesiastical rulers.
3. A form of government administered in the church by
patriarchs, metropolitans, archbishops, bishops, and, in
an inferior degree, by priests. --Shipley.
4. A rank or order of holy beings.
Standards and gonfalons . . . for distinction serve
Of hierarchies, of orders, and degrees. --Milton.
Hieratic \Hi`er*at"ic\, a. [L. hieraticus, Gr. ?; akin to
"iero`s sacred: cf. F. hi['e]ratique.]
Consecrated to sacred uses; sacerdotal; pertaining to
priests.
{Hieratic character}, a mode of ancient Egyptian writing; a
modified form of hieroglyphics, tending toward a cursive
hand and formerly supposed to be the sacerdotal character,
as the demotic was supposed to be that of the people.
It was a false notion of the Greeks that of the
three kinds of writing used by the Egyptians, two --
for that reason called hieroglyphic and hieratic --
were employed only for sacred, while the third, the
demotic, was employed for secular, purposes. No such
distinction is discoverable on the more ancient
Egyptian monuments; bur we retain the old names
founded on misapprehension. --W. H. Ward
(Johnson's
Cyc.).
Hierocracy \Hi`er*oc"ra*cy\, n. [Gr. "iero`s sacred + ? to be
strong, rule.]
Government by ecclesiastics; a hierarchy. --Jefferson.
Hieroglyph \Hi"er*o*glyph\, Hieroglyphic \Hi`er*o*glyph"ic\, n.
[Cf. F. hi['e]roglyphe. See {Hieroglyphic}, a.]
1. A sacred character; a character in picture writing, as of
the ancient Egyptians, Mexicans, etc. Specifically, in the
plural, the picture writing of the ancient Egyptian
priests. It is made up of three, or, as some say, four
classes of characters: first, the hieroglyphic proper, or
figurative, in which the representation of the object
conveys the idea of the object itself; second, the
ideographic, consisting of symbols representing ideas, not
sounds, as an ostrich feather is a symbol of truth; third,
the phonetic, consisting of symbols employed as syllables
of a word, or as letters of the alphabet, having a certain
sound, as a hawk represented the vowel a.
2. Any character or figure which has, or is supposed to have,
a hidden or mysterious significance; hence, any
unintelligible or illegible character or mark. [Colloq.]
Hieroglyphic \Hi`er*o*glyph"ic\, Hieroglyphical
\Hi`er*o*glyph"ic*al\, a. [L. hieroglyphicus, Gr. ?; "iero`s
sacred + gly`fein to carve: cf. F. hi['e]roglyphique.]
1. Emblematic; expressive of some meaning by characters,
pictures, or figures; as, hieroglyphic writing; a
hieroglyphic obelisk.
Pages no better than blanks to common minds, to his,
hieroglyphical of wisest secrets. --Prof.
Wilson.
2. Resembling hieroglyphics; not decipherable. ``An
hieroglyphical scrawl.'' --Sir W. Scott.
Hieroglyphically \Hi`er*o*glyph`ic*ally\, adv.
In hieroglyphics.
Hieroglyphist \Hi`er*og"ly*phist\ (?; 277), n.
One versed in hieroglyphics. --Gliddon.
Hierogram \Hi"er*o*gram\, n. [Gr. "iero`s sacred + -gram.]
A form of sacred or hieratic writing.
Hierogrammatic \Hi`er*o*gram"mat"ic\, a. [Cf. F.
hi['e]rogrammatique.]
Written in, or pertaining to, hierograms; expressive of
sacred writing. --Bp. Warburton.
Hierogrammatist \Hi`er*o*gram"ma*tist\, n. [Cf. F.
hi['e]rogrammatiste.]
A writer of hierograms; also, one skilled in hieroglyphics.
--Greenhill.
Hierographic \Hi`er*o*graph"ic\, Hierographical
\Hi`er*o*graph"ic*al\, a. [L. hierographicus, Gr. ?: cf. F.
hi['e]rographique.]
Of or pertaining to sacred writing.
Hierography \Hi`er*og"ra*phy\, n. [Gr. ?; "iero`s sacred +
gra`fein to write: cf. F. hi['e]rographie.]
Sacred writing. [R.] --Bailey.
Hierolatry \Hi`er*ol"a*try\, n. [Gr. "iero`s sacred + ? worship,
? to worship.]
The worship of saints or sacred things. [R.] --Coleridge.
Hierologic \Hi`er*o*log"ic\, Hierological \Hi`er*o*log"ic*al\,
a. [Cf. F. hi['e]rologique.]
Pertaining to hierology.
Hierologist \Hi`er*ol"o*gist\, n.
One versed in, or whostudies, hierology.
Hierology \Hi`er*ol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ?; "iero`s sacred + ?
discourse: cf. F. hi['e]rologie.]
A treatise on sacred things; especially, the science which
treats of the ancient writings and inscriptions of the
Egyptians, or a treatise on that science.
Hieromancy \Hi"er*o*man`cy\, n. [Gr. "iero`s sacred + ?
divination: cf. F. hi['e]romantie.]
Divination by observing the objects offered in sacrifice.
Hiermartyr \Hi"er*mar`tyr\, n. [Gr. "iero`s sacred + E. martyr.]
A priest who becomes a martyr.
Hieromnemon \Hi`e*rom*ne"mon\, n. [NL., from Gr. ?; "iero`s
sacred + ? mindful, fr. ? to think on, remember.] (gr.
Antiq.)
1. The sacred secretary or recorder sent by each state
belonging to the Amphictyonic Council, along with the
deputy or minister. --Liddel & Scott.
2. A magistrate who had charge of religious matters, as at
Byzantium. --Liddel & Scott.
Hieron \Hi"er*on\, n. [Gr. "iero`n.]
A consecrated place; esp., a temple.
Hieronymite \Hi`er*on"y*mite\, n. [From St. Hieronymus, or
Jerome.] (Eccl.)
See {Jeronymite}.
Hierophant \Hi*er"o*phant\ (h[-i]*[e^]r"[-o]*fant or
h[imac]"[~e]r; 277), n. [L. hierophanta, hierophantes, Gr.
"ierofa`nths; "iero`s sacred + fai`nein to show, make known:
cf. F. hi['e]rophante.]
The presiding priest who initiated candidates at the
Eleusinian mysteries; hence, one who teaches the mysteries
and duties of religion. --Abp Potter.
Hierophantic \Hi`er*o*phan"tic\, a. [Gr. ?.]
Of or relating to hierophants or their teachings.
Hieroscopy \Hi`er*os"co*py\, n. [Gr. ? divination; "iero`s
sacred + ? to view.]
Divination by inspection of entrails of victims offered in
sacrifice.
Hierotheca \Hi`er*o*the"ca\, n.; pl. {-c[ae]}. [NL., fr. Gr. ?;
"iero`s sacred + ? chest.]
A receptacle for sacred objects.
Hierourgy \Hi"er*our`gy\, n. [Gr. ?; "iero`s sacred + ? work.]
A sacred or holy work or worship. [Obs.] --Waterland.
Hifalutin \Hi`fa*lu"tin\, n.
See {Highfaluting}.
Higgle \Hig"gle\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Higgled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Higgling}.] [Cf. {Haggle}, or {Huckster}.]
1. To hawk or peddle provisions.
2. To chaffer; to stickle for small advantages in buying and
selling; to haggle.
A person accustomed to higgle about taps. --Jeffry.
To truck and higgle for a private good. --Emerson.
Higgledy-piggledy \Hig`gle*dy-pig"gle*dy\, adv.
In confusion; topsy-turvy. [Colloq.] --Johnson.
Higgler \Hig"gler\, n.
One who higgles.
High \High\, v. i. [See {Hie}.]
To hie. [Obs.]
Men must high them apace, and make haste. --Holland.
High \High\, a. [Compar. {Higher}; superl. {Highest}.] [OE.
high, hegh, hey, heh, AS. he['a]h, h?h; akin to OS. h?h,
OFries. hag, hach, D. hoog, OHG. h?h, G. hoch, Icel. h?r, Sw.
h["o]g, Dan. h["o]i, Goth. hauhs, and to Icel. haugr mound,
G. h["u]gel hill, Lith. kaukaras.]
1. Elevated above any starting point of measurement, as a
line, or surface; having altitude; lifted up; raised or
extended in the direction of the zenith; lofty; tall; as,
a high mountain, tower, tree; the sun is high.
2. Regarded as raised up or elevated; distinguished;
remarkable; conspicuous; superior; -- used indefinitely or
relatively, and often in figurative senses, which are
understood from the connection; as
(a) Elevated in character or quality, whether moral or
intellectual; pre["e]minent; honorable; as, high aims,
or motives. ``The highest faculty of the soul.''
--Baxter.
(b) Exalted in social standing or general estimation, or
in rank, reputation, office, and the like; dignified;
as, she was welcomed in the highest circles.
He was a wight of high renown. --Shak.
(c) Of noble birth; illustrious; as, of high family.
(d) Of great strength, force, importance, and the like;
strong; mighty; powerful; violent; sometimes,
triumphant; victorious; majestic, etc.; as, a high
wind; high passions. ``With rather a high manner.''
--Thackeray.
Strong is thy hand, and high is thy right hand.
--Ps. lxxxix.
13.
Can heavenly minds such high resentment show?
--Dryden.
(e) Very abstract; difficult to comprehend or surmount;
grand; noble.
Both meet to hear and answer such high things.
--Shak.
Plain living and high thinking are no more.
--Wordsworth.
(f) Costly; dear in price; extravagant; as, to hold goods
at a high price.
If they must be good at so high a rate, they
know they may be safe at a cheaper. --South.
(g) Arrogant; lofty; boastful; proud; ostentatious; --
used in a bad sense.
An high look and a proud heart . . . is sin.
--Prov. xxi.
4.
His forces, after all the high discourses,
amounted really but to eighteen hundred foot.
--Clarendon.
3. Possessing a characteristic quality in a supreme or
superior degree; as, high (i. e., intense) heat; high (i.
e., full or quite) noon; high (i. e., rich or spicy)
seasoning; high (i. e., complete) pleasure; high (i. e.,
deep or vivid) color; high (i. e., extensive, thorough)
scholarship, etc.
High time it is this war now ended were. --Spenser.
High sauces and spices are fetched from the Indies.
--Baker.
4. (Cookery) Strong-scented; slightly tainted; as, epicures
do not cook game before it is high.
5. (Mus.) Acute or sharp; -- opposed to {grave} or {low}; as,
a high note.
6. (Phon.) Made with a high position of some part of the
tongue in relation to the palate, as [=e] ([=e]ve), [=oo]
(f[=oo]d). See Guide to Pronunciation, [sect][sect] 10,
11.
{High admiral}, the chief admiral.
{High altar}, the principal altar in a church.
{High and dry}, out of water; out of reach of the current or
tide; -- said of a vessel, aground or beached.
{High and mighty} arrogant; overbearing. [Colloq.]
{High art}, art which deals with lofty and dignified subjects
and is characterized by an elevated style avoiding all
meretricious display.
{High bailiff}, the chief bailiff.
{High Church}, & {Low Church}, two ecclesiastical parties in
the Church of England and the Protestant Episcopal Church.
The high-churchmen emphasize the doctrine of the apostolic
succession, and hold, in general, to a sacramental
presence in the Eucharist, to baptismal regeneration, and
to the sole validity of Episcopal ordination. They attach
much importance to ceremonies and symbols in worship.
Low-churchmen lay less stress on these points, and, in
many instances, reject altogether the peculiar tenets of
the high-church school. See {Broad Church}.
{High constable} (Law), a chief of constabulary. See
{Constable}, n., 2.
{High commission court},a court of ecclesiastical
jurisdiction in England erected and united to the regal
power by Queen Elizabeth in 1559. On account of the abuse
of its powers it was abolished in 1641.
{High day} (Script.), a holy or feast day. --John xix. 31.
{High festival} (Eccl.), a festival to be observed with full
ceremonial.
{High German}, or {High Dutch}. See under {German}.
{High jinks}, an old Scottish pastime; hence, noisy revelry;
wild sport. [Colloq.] ``All the high jinks of the county,
when the lad comes of age.'' --F. Harrison.
{High latitude} (Geog.), one designated by the higher
figures; consequently, a latitude remote from the equator.
{High life}, life among the aristocracy or the rich.
{High liver}, one who indulges in a rich diet.
{High living}, a feeding upon rich, pampering food.
{High Mass}. (R. C. Ch.) See under {Mass}.
{High milling}, a process of making flour from grain by
several successive grindings and intermediate sorting,
instead of by a single grinding.
{High noon}, the time when the sun is in the meridian.
{High place} (Script.), an eminence or mound on which
sacrifices were offered.
{High priest}. See in the Vocabulary.
{High relief}. (Fine Arts) See {Alto-rilievo}.
{High school}. See under {School}.
{High seas} (Law), the open sea; the part of the ocean not in
the territorial waters of any particular sovereignty,
usually distant three miles or more from the coast line.
--Wharton.
{High steam}, steam having a high pressure.
{High steward}, the chief steward.
{High tea}, tea with meats and extra relishes.
{High tide}, the greatest flow of the tide; high water.
{High time}.
(a) Quite time; full time for the occasion.
(b) A time of great excitement or enjoyment; a carousal.
[Slang]
{High treason}, treason against the sovereign or the state,
the highest civil offense. See {Treason}.
Note: It is now sufficient to speak of high treason as
treason simply, seeing that petty treason, as a
distinct offense, has been abolished. --Mozley & W.
{High water}, the utmost flow or greatest elevation of the
tide; also, the time of such elevation.
{High-water mark}.
(a) That line of the seashore to which the waters
ordinarily reach at high water.
(b) A mark showing the highest level reached by water in a
river or other body of fresh water, as in time of
freshet.
{High-water shrub} (Bot.), a composite shrub ({Iva
frutescens}), growing in salt marshes along the Atlantic
coast of the United States.
{High wine}, distilled spirits containing a high percentage
of alcohol; -- usually in the plural.
{To be on a high horse}, to be on one's dignity; to bear
one's self loftily. [Colloq.]
{With a high hand}.
(a) With power; in force; triumphantly. ``The children of
Israel went out with a high hand.'' --Ex. xiv. 8.
(b) In an overbearing manner, arbitrarily. ``They governed
the city with a high hand.'' --Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Syn: Tall; lofty; elevated; noble; exalted; supercilious;
proud; violent; full; dear. See {Tall}.
High \High\, adv.
In a high manner; in a high place; to a great altitude; to a
great degree; largely; in a superior manner; eminently;
powerfully. ``And reasoned high.`` --Milton. ``I can not
reach so high.'' --Shak.
Note: High is extensively used in the formation of compound
words, most of which are of very obvious signification;
as, high-aimed, high-arched, high-aspiring,
high-bearing, high-boasting, high-browed, high-crested,
high-crowned, high-designing, high-engendered,
high-feeding, high-flaming, high-flavored, high-gazing,
high-heaped, high-heeled, high-priced, high-reared,
high-resolved, high-rigged, high-seated,
high-shouldered, high-soaring, high-towering,
high-voiced, and the like.
{High and low}, everywhere; in all supposable places; as, I
hunted high and low. [Colloq.]
High \High\, n.
1. An elevated place; a superior region; a height; the sky;
heaven.
2. People of rank or high station; as, high and low.
3. (Card Playing) The highest card dealt or drawn.
{High, low, jack, and the game}, a game at cards; -- also
called {all fours}, {old sledge}, and {seven up}.
{In high and low}, utterly; completely; in every respect.
[Obs.] --Chaucer.
{On high}, aloft; above.
The dayspring from on high hath visited us. --Luke
i. 78.
{The Most High}, the Supreme Being; God.
High \High\, v. i.
To rise; as, the sun higheth. [Obs.]
Highbinder \High"bind`er\, n.
A ruffian; one who hounds, or spies upon, another; app. esp.
to the members of certain alleged societies among the
Chinese. [U. S.]
High-blown \High"-blown`\, a.
Inflated, as with conceit.
Highborn \High"born`\, a.
Of noble birth. --Shak.
High-bred \High"-bred`\, a.
Bred in high life; of pure blood. --Byron.
High-built \High"-built`\, a.
Of lofty structure; tall. ``High-built organs.'' --Tennyson.
The high-built elephant his castle rears. --Creech.
High-church \High"-church`\, a.
Of or pertaining to, or favoring, the party called the High
Church, or their doctrines or policy. See {High Church},
under {High}, a.
High-churchism \High"-church`ism\, n.
The principles of the high-church party.
High-churchman \High"-church`man\, n.; pl. {-men}.
One who holds high-church principles.
High-churchman-ship \High"-church`man-ship\, n.
The state of being a high-churchman. --J. H. Newman.
High-colored \High"-col`ored\, a.
1. Having a strong, deep, or glaring color; flushed. --Shak.
2. Vivid; strong or forcible in representation; hence,
exaggerated; as, high-colored description.
High-embowed \High"-em*bowed `\, a.
Having lofty arches. ``The high-embowed roof.'' --Milton.
Highering \High"er*ing\, a.
Rising higher; ascending.
In ever highering eagle circles. --Tennyson.
Highfaluting \High`fa*lu"ting\, n. [Perh. a corruption of
highflighting.]
High-flown, bombastic language. [Written also {hifalutin}.]
[Jocular, U. S.] --Lowell.
High-fed \High"-fed`\, a.
Pampered; fed luxuriously.
High-finished \High"-fin`ished\, a.
Finished with great care; polished.
Highflier \High"fli`er\, n.
One who is extravagant in pretensions, opinions, or manners.
--Swift.
High-flown \High"-flown`\, a.
1. Elevated; proud. ``High-flown hopes.'' --Denham.
2. Turgid; extravagant; bombastic; inflated; as, high-flown
language. --M. Arnold.
High-flushed \High"-flushed`\, a.
Elated. --Young.
Highflying \High"fly`ing\, a.
Extravagant in opinions or ambition. ``Highflying, arbitrary
kings.'' --Dryden.
High-go \High"-go`\, n.
A spree; a revel. [Low]
High-handed \High"-hand`ed\, a.
Overbearing; oppressive; arbitrary; violent; as, a
high-handed act.
High-hearted \High"-heart`ed\, a.
Full of courage or nobleness; high-souled. --
{High"-heart`ed*ness}, n.
High-hoe \High"-hoe`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The European green woodpecker or yaffle. [Written also
{high-hoo}.]
High-holder \High"-hold`er\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The flicker; -- called also {high-hole}. [Local, U. S.]
Highland \High"land\, n.
Elevated or mountainous land; (often in the pl.) an elevated
region or country; as, the Highlands of Scotland.
{Highland fling}, a dance peculiar to the Scottish
Highlanders; a sort of hornpipe.
Highlander \High"land*er\, n.
An inhabitant of highlands, especially of the Highlands of
Scotland.
Highlandry \High"land*ry\, n.
Highlanders, collectively.
High-low \High"-low`\, n.
A laced boot, ankle high.
Highly \High"ly\, adv.
In a high manner, or to a high degree; very much; as, highly
esteemed.
Highmen \High"men\, n. pl.
Loaded dice so contrived as to turn up high numbers. [Obs]
--Sir J. Harrington.
High-mettled \High"-met`tled\, a.
Having abundance of mettle; ardent; full of fire; as, a
high-mettled steed.
High-minded \High"-mind"ed\, a.
1. Proud; arrogant. [Obs.]
Be not high-minded, but fear. --Rom. xi. 20.
2. Having, or characterized by, honorable pride; of or
pertaining to elevated principles and feelings;
magnanimous; -- opposed to mean.
High-minded, manly recognition of those truths. --A.
Norton.
High-mindedness \High"-mind`ed*ness\, n.
The quality of being highminded; nobleness; magnanimity.
Highmost \High"most`\, a.
Highest. [Obs.] --Shak.
Highness \High"ness\, n. [AS. he['a]hnes.]
1. The state of being high; elevation; loftiness.
2. A title of honor given to kings, princes, or other persons
of rank; as, His Royal Highness. --Shak.
High-palmed \High"-palmed`\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Having high antlers; bearing full-grown antlers aloft.
High-pressure \High"-pres`sure\ (?; 135), a.
1. Having or involving a pressure greatly exceeding that of
the atmosphere; -- said of steam, air, water, etc., and of
steam, air, or hydraulic engines, water wheels, etc.
2. Fig.: Urgent; intense; as, a high-pressure business or
social life.
{High-pressure engine}, an engine in which steam at high
pressure is used. It may be either a condensing or a
noncondensing engine. Formerly the term was used only of
the latter. See {Steam engine}.
High priest \High" priest`\ (Eccl.)
A chief priest; esp., the head of the Jewish priesthood.
High-priesthood \High"-priest`hood\, n.
The office, dignity, or position of a high priest.
High-priestship \High"-priest`ship\, n.
High-priesthood.
High-principled \High"-prin`ci*pled\, a.
Possessed of noble or honorable principles.
High-proof \High"-proof`\, a.
1. Highly rectified; very strongly alcoholic; as, high-proof
spirits.
2. So as to stand any test. ``We are high-proof melancholy.''
--Shak.
High-raised \High"-raised`\, a.
1. Elevated; raised aloft; upreared.
2. Elated with great ideas or hopes. --Milton.
High-reaching \High"-reach`ing\, a.
Reaching high or upward; hence, ambitious; aspiring. --Shak.
High-red \High"-red`\, a.
Of a strong red color.
Highroad \High"road`\, n.
A highway; a much traveled or main road.
High-seasoned \High"-sea`soned\, a.
Enriched with spice and condiments; hence, exciting; piquant.
High-sighted \High"-sight`ed\, a.
Looking upward; supercilious. --Shak.
High-souled \High"-souled`\, a.
Having a high or noble spirit; honorable. --E. Everett.
High-sounding \High"-sound`ing\, a.
Pompous; noisy; ostentatious; as, high-sounding words or
titles.
High-spirited \High"-spir`it*ed\, a.
Full of spirit or natural fire; haughty; courageous;
impetuous; not brooking restraint or opposition.
High-stepper \High"-step`per\, n.
A horse that moves with a high step or proud gait; hence, a
person having a proud bearing. [Colloq.]
High-stomached \High"-stom`ached\, a.
Having a lofty spirit; haughty. [Obs.] --Shak.
High-strung \High"-strung`\, a.
Strung to a high pitch; spirited; sensitive; as, a
high-strung horse.
High-swelling \High"-swell`ing\, a.
Inflated; boastful.
Hight \Hight\, n.
A variant of {Height}.
Hight \Hight\, v. t. & i. [imp. {Hight}, {Hot}, p. p. {Hight},
{Hote} (?), {Hoten} (?). See {Hote}.] [OE. heiten, highten,
haten, hoten; also hight, hatte, hette, is called, was
called, AS. h[=a]tan to call, name, be called, to command,
promise; also h[=a]tte is called, was called; akin to G.
heissen to call, be called, bid, Goth. haitan to call, in the
passive, to be called.]
1. To be called or named. [Archaic & Poetic.]
Note: In the form hight, it is used in a passive sense as a
present, meaning is called or named, also as a
preterite, was called or named. This form has also been
used as a past participle. See {Hote}.
The great poet of Italy, That highte Dante.
--Chaucer.
Bright was her hue, and Geraldine she hight.
--Surrey.
Entered then into the church the Reverend
Teacher. Father he hight, and he was, in the
parish. --Longfellow.
Childe Harold was he hight. --Byron.
2. To command; to direct; to impel. [Obs.]
But the sad steel seized not where it was hight Upon
the child, but somewhat short did fall. --Spenser.
3. To commit; to intrust. [Obs.]
Yet charge of them was to a porter hight. --Spenser.
4. To promise. [Obs.]
He had hold his day, as he had hight. --Chaucer.
Hightener \Hight"en*er\, n.
That which heightens.
Highth \Highth\ (h[imac]th or h[imac]tth), n.
Variant of {Height}. [Obs.]
High-toned \High"-toned`\, a.
1. High in tone or sound.
2. Elevated; high-principled; honorable.
In whose high-toned impartial mind Degrees of mortal
rank and state Seem objects of indifferent weight.
--Sir W.
Scott.
High-top \High"-top`\, n.
A ship's masthead. --Shak.
Highty-tighty \High"ty-tigh"ty\, a.
Hoity-toity.
Highway \High"way`\, n.
A road or way open to the use of the public; a main road or
thoroughfare.
Syn: Way; road; path; course.
Highwayman \High"way`man\, n.; pl. {Highwaymen}.
One who robs on the public road; a highway robber.
High-wrought \High"-wrought`\, a.
1. Wrought with fine art or skill; elaborate. [Obs.] --Pope.
2. Worked up, or swollen, to a high degree; as, a highwrought
passion. ``A high-wrought flood.'' --Shak.
Higre \Hi"gre\, n.
See {Eagre}. [Obs.] --Drayton.
Hig-taper \Hig"-ta`per\, n. [Cf. {Hag-taper}.] (Bot.)
A plant of the genus {Verbascum} ({V. Thapsus}); the common
mullein. [Also {high-taper} and {hag-taper}.]
Hijera \Hij"e*ra\, Hijra \Hij"ra\, n.
See {Hegira}.
Hilal \Hi"lal\, a.
Of or pertaining to a hilum.
Hilar \Hi"lar\, a. (Bot.)
Belonging to the hilum.
Hilarious \Hi*la"ri*ous\, a. [L. hilaris, hilarus, Gr. ?; cf. ?
gracious, kindly.]
Mirthful; noisy; merry.
Hilarity \Hi*lar"i*ty\ (?; 277), n. [L. hilaritas: cf. F.
hilarit['e]. See {Hilarious}.]
Boisterous mirth; merriment; jollity. --Goldsmith.
Note: Hilarity differs from joy: the latter, excited by good
news or prosperity, is an affection of the mind; the
former, produced by social pleasure, drinking, etc.,
which rouse the animal spirits, is more demonstrative.
Syn: Glee; cheerfulness; mirth; merriment; gayety;
joyousness; exhilaration; joviality; jollity.
Hilary term \Hil"a*ry term`\
Formerly, one of the four terms of the courts of common law
in England, beginning on the eleventh of January and ending
on the thirty-first of the same month, in each year; -- so
called from the festival of St. Hilary, January 13th.
Note: The Hilary term is superseded by the Hilary sittings,
which commence on the eleventh of January and end on
the Wednesday before Easter. --Mozley & W.
Hilding \Hil"ding\, n. [Prob. a corruption of hindling, dim. of
hind, adj. Cf. Prov. E. hilderling, hinderling. See
{Hinderling}.]
A base, menial wretch. -- a. Base; spiritless. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hile \Hile\, v. t.
To hide. See {Hele}. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hile \Hile\, n. (Bot.)
Same as {Hilum}.
Hill \Hill\, n. [OE. hil, hul, AS. hyll; akin to OD. hille, hil,
L. collis, and prob. to E. haulm, holm, and column. Cf. 2d
{Holm}.]
1. A natural elevation of land, or a mass of earth rising
above the common level of the surrounding land; an
eminence less than a mountain.
Every mountain and hill shall be made low. --Is. xl.
4.
2. The earth raised about the roots of a plant or cluster of
plants. [U. S.] See {Hill}, v. t.
3. A single cluster or group of plants growing close
together, and having the earth heaped up about them; as, a
hill of corn or potatoes. [U. S.]
{Hill ant} (Zo["o]l.), a common ant ({Formica rufa}), of
Europe and America, which makes mounds or ant-hills over
its nests.
{Hill myna} (Zo["o]l.), one of several species of birds of
India, of the genus {Gracula}, and allied to the
starlings. They are easily taught to speak many words.
[Written also {hill mynah}.] See {Myna}.
{Hill partridge} (Zo["o]l.), a partridge of the genus
{Aborophila}, of which numerous species in habit Southern
Asia and the East Indies.
{Hill tit} (Zo["o]l.), one of numerous species of small
Asiatic singing birds of the family {Leiotrichid[ae]}.
Many are beautifully colored.
Hill \Hill\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hilled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hilling}.]
To surround with earth; to heap or draw earth around or upon;
as, to hill corn.
Showing them how to plant and hill it. --Palfrey.
Hilliness \Hill"i*ness\, n.
The state of being hilly.
Hilling \Hill"ing\, n.
The act or process of heaping or drawing earth around plants.
Hillock \Hill"ock\, n.
A small hill. --Shak.
Hillside \Hill"side`\, n.
The side or declivity of a hill.
Hilltop \Hill"top`\, n.
The top of a hill.
Hilly \Hill"y\, a.
1. Abounding with hills; uneven in surface; as, a hilly
country. ``Hilly steep.'' --Dryden.
2. Lofty; as, hilly empire. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
Hilt \Hilt\, n. [AS. hilt, hilte; akin to OHG. helza, Prov. G.
hilze, Icel. hjalt.]
1. A handle; especially, the handle of a sword, dagger, or
the like.
Hilted \Hilt"ed\, a.
Having a hilt; -- used in composition; as, basket-hilted,
cross-hilted.
Hilum \Hi"lum\, n. [L., a little thing, trifle.]
1. (Bot.) The eye of a bean or other seed; the mark or scar
at the point of attachment of an ovule or seed to its base
or support; -- called also {hile}.
2. (Anat.) The part of a gland, or similar organ, where the
blood vessels and nerves enter; the hilus; as, the hilum
of the kidney.
Hilus \Hi"lus\, n. [NL.] (Anat.)
Same as {Hilum}, 2.
Him \Him\, pron.
Them. See {Hem}. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Him \Him\, pron. [AS. him, dat. of h[=e]. [root]183. See {He}.]
The objective case of he. See {He}.
Him that is weak in the faith receive. --Rom. xiv. 1.
Friends who have given him the most sympathy.
--Thackeray.
Note: In old English his and him were respectively the
genitive and dative forms of it as well as of he. This
use is now obsolete. Poetically, him is sometimes used
with the reflexive sense of himself.
I never saw but Humphrey, duke of Gloster, Did
bear him like a noble gentleman. --Shak.
Himalayan \Hi*ma"la*yan\, a. [Skr. him[=a]laya, prop., the abode
of snow.]
Of or pertaining to the Himalayas, the great mountain chain
in Hindostan.
Himpne \Himp"ne\, n.
A hymn. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Himself \Him*self"\, pron.
1. An emphasized form of the third person masculine pronoun;
-- used as a subject usually with he; as, he himself will
bear the blame; used alone in the predicate, either in the
nominative or objective case; as, it is himself who saved
himself.
But he himself returned from the quarries. --Judges
iii. 19.
David hid himself in the field. --1 Sam. xx.
24.
The Lord himself shall give you a sign. --Is. vii.
14.
Who gave himself for us, that he might . . . purify
unto himself a peculiar people. --Titus ii.
14.
With shame remembers, while himself was one Of the
same herd, himself the same had done. --Denham.
Note: Himself was formerly used instead of itself. See Note
under {Him}.
It comprehendeth in himself all good. --Chaucer.
2. One's true or real character; one's natural temper and
disposition; the state of being in one's right or sane
mind (after unconsciousness, passion, delirium, or
abasement); as, the man has come to himself.
{By himself}, alone; unaccompanied; apart; sequestered; as,
he sits or studies by himself.
{To leave one to himself}, to withdraw from him; to let him
take his own course.
Himself \Him*self"\, Himselve \Him*selve"\, Himselven
\Him*selv"en\ (?), pron. pl.
Themselves. See {Hemself}. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Himselve \Him*selve"\, pron.
See 1st {Himself}. [Obs.]
Himyaric \Him*yar"ic\, Himyaritic \Him`ya*rit"ic\, a.
Pertaining to Himyar, an ancient king of Yemen, in Arabia, or
to his successors or people; as, the Himjaritic characters,
language, etc.; applied esp. to certain ancient inscriptions
showing the primitive type of the oldest form of the Arabic,
still spoken in Southern Arabia. --Brande & C.
Hin \Hin\, n. [Heb. h[=i]n.]
A Hebrew measure of liquids, containing three quarts, one
pint, one gill, English measure. --W. H. Ward.
Hind \Hind\, n. [AS. hind; akin to D. hinde, OHG. hinta, G.
hinde, hindin, Icel., Sw., & Dan. hind, and perh. to Goth.
hinpan to seize (in comp.), E. hunt, or cf. Gr. ? a young
deer.]
1. (Zo["o]l.) The female of the red deer, of which the male
is the stag.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A spotted food fish of the genus {Epinephelus},
as {E. apua} of Bermuda, and {E. Drummond-hayi} of
Florida; -- called also {coney}, {John Paw}, {spotted
hind}.
Hind \Hind\, n. [OE. hine, AS. h[=i]ne, h[=i]na, orig. gen. pl.
of h[=i]wan domestics; akin to Icel. hj[=u] man and wife,
domestics, family, Goth. heiwafrauja master of the house, G.
heirath marriage; cf. L. civis citizen, E. city or E. home.
Cf. {Hide} a measure of land.]
1. A domestic; a servant. [Obs.] --Shak.
2. A peasant; a rustic; a farm servant. [Eng.]
The hind, that homeward driving the slow steer Tells
how man's daily work goes forward here. --Trench.
Hind \Hind\, a. [Compar. {Hinder}; superl. {Hindmost}, or
{Hindermost}.] [OE. hind, adv., back, AS. hindan behind. See
{Hinder}, a.]
In the rear; -- opposed to front; of or pertaining to the
part or end which follows or is behind, in opposition to the
part which leads or is before; as, the hind legs or hind feet
of a quadruped; the hind man in a procession.
Hindberry \Hind"ber*ry\, n. [AS. hindberie; akin to OHG.
hintberi, G. himbeere. So called because hinds or stags are
fond of them. See 1st {Hind}, and {Berry}.]
The raspberry. [Prov. Eng.]
Hindbrain \Hind"brain`\, n. [Hind, adj. + brain.] (Anat.)
The posterior of the three principal divisions of the brain,
including the epencephalon and metencephalon. Sometimes
restricted to the epencephalon only.
Hinder \Hind"er\, a. [OE. hindere, AS. hinder, adv., behind;
akin to OHG. hintar, prep., behind, G. hinter, Goth. hindar;
orig. a comparative, and akin to AS. hine hence. See {Hence},
{He}, and cf. {Hind}, a., {Hindmost}.]
Of or belonging to that part or end which is in the rear, or
which follows; as, the hinder part of a wagon; the hinder
parts of a horse.
He was in the hinder part of the ship. --Mark iv. 38.
Hinder \Hin"der\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hindered}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hindering}.] [OE. hindren, hinderen, AS. hindrian, fr.
hinder behind; akin to D. hinderen, G. hindern, OHG.
hintar?n, Icel. & Sw. hindra, Dan. hindre. See {Hinder}, a.]
1. To keep back or behind; to prevent from starting or moving
forward; to check; to retard; to obstruct; to bring to a
full stop; -- often followed by from; as, an accident
hindered the coach; drought hinders the growth of plants;
to hinder me from going.
Them that were entering in ye hindered. --Luke xi.
52.
I hinder you too long. --Shak.
2. To prevent or embarrass; to debar; to shut out.
What hinders younger brothers, being fathers of
families, from having the same right? --Locke.
Syn: To check; retard; impede; delay; block; clog; prevent;
stop; interrupt; counteract; thwart; oppose; obstruct;
debar; embarrass.
Hinder \Hin"der\, v. i.
To interpose obstacles or impediments; to be a hindrance.
This objection hinders not but that the heroic action
of some commander . . . may be written. --Dryden.
Hinderance \Hin"der*ance\ n.
Same as {Hindrance}.
Hinderer \Hin"der*er\, n.
One who, or that which, hinders.
Hinderest \Hind"er*est\, a.
Hindermost; -- superl. of {Hind}, a. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hinderling \Hind"er*ling\, n. [AS. hinderling one who comes
behind his ancestors, fr. AS. hinder behind. See {Hinder},
a., and cf. {Hilding}.]
A worthless, base, degenerate person or animal. [Obs.]
--Callander.
Hindermost \Hind"er*most`\, Hindmost \Hind"most`\, a. [The
superlative of hind. See {Hind}, a.] [Cf. AS. hindema (akin
to Goth. hindumists), a superlative from the same source as
the comparative hinder. See {Hinder}, a., and cf.
{Aftermost}.]
Furthest in or toward the rear; last. ``Rachel and Joseph
hindermost.'' --Gen. xxxiii. 2.
Hindgut \Hind"gut`\, n. [Hind, a. + gut.] (Anat.)
The posterior part of the alimentary canal, including the
rectum, and sometimes the large intestine also.
Hindi \Hin"di\, n. [Prop. a Per. adj. meaning, Indian, Hindoo.]
The name given by Europeans to that form of the Hindustani
language which is chiefly spoken by native Hindoos. In
employs the Devanagari character, in which Sanskrit is
written. --Whitworth.
Hindleys screw \Hind"ley"s screw`\ (Mech.)
A screw cut on a solid whose sides are arcs of the periphery
of a wheel into the teeth of which the screw is intended to
work. It is named from the person who first used the form.
Hindoo \Hin"doo\, Hindu \Hin"du\ (?; 277), n.; pl. {Hindoos}or
{Hindus}. [Per. Hind[=u], fr. Hind, Hind[=u]st[=a]n, India.
Cf. {Indian}.]
A native inhabitant of Hindostan. As an ethnical term it is
confined to the Dravidian and Aryan races; as a religious
name it is restricted to followers of the Veda.
Hindooism \Hin"doo*ism\, Hinduism \Hin"du*ism\, n.
The religious doctrines and rites of the Hindoos; Brahmanism.
Hindoostanee \Hin"doo*sta"nee\, Hindustani \Hin"du*sta"ni\, a.
[Hind. Hind[=u]st[=a]n[=i] an Indian, fr. Hind. and Per.
Hind[=u]st[=a]n India.]
Of or pertaining to the Hindoos or their language. -- n. The
language of Hindostan; the name given by Europeans to the
most generally spoken of the modern Aryan languages of India.
It is Hindi with the addition of Persian and Arabic words.
Hindrance \Hin"drance\, n. [See {Hinder}, v. t.]
1. The act of hindering, or the state of being hindered.
2. That which hinders; an impediment.
What various hindrances we meet. --Cowper.
Something between a hindrance and a help.
--Wordsworth.
Syn: Impediment; obstruction; obstacle; difficulty;
interruption; check; delay; restraint.
Hindu \Hin"du\, n.
Same as {Hindoo}.
Hine \Hine\, n. [See {Hind} a servant.]
A servant; a farm laborer; a peasant; a hind. [Obs.]
Bailiff, herd, nor other hine. --Chaucer.
Hinge \Hinge\, n. [OE. henge, heeng; akin to D. heng, LG. henge,
Prov. E. hingle a small hinge; connected with hang, v., and
Icel. hengja to hang. See {Hang}.]
1. The hook with its eye, or the joint, on which a door,
gate, lid, etc., turns or swings; a flexible piece, as a
strip of leather, which serves as a joint to turn on.
The gate self-opened wide, On golden hinges turning.
--Milton.
2. That on which anything turns or depends; a governing
principle; a cardinal point or rule; as, this argument was
the hinge on which the question turned.
3. One of the four cardinal points, east, west, north, or
south. [R.]
When the moon is in the hinge at East. --Creech.
Nor slept the winds . . . but rushed abroad.
--Milton.
{Hinge joint}.
(a) (Anat.) See {Ginglymus}.
(b) (Mech.) Any joint resembling a hinge, by which two
pieces are connected so as to permit relative turning
in one plane.
{To be off the hinges}, to be in a state of disorder or
irregularity; to have lost proper adjustment. --Tillotson.
Hinge \Hinge\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hinged}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hinging}.]
1. To attach by, or furnish with, hinges.
2. To bend. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hinge \Hinge\, v. i.
To stand, depend, hang, or turn, as on a hinge; to depend
chiefly for a result or decision or for force and validity;
-- usually with on or upon; as, the argument hinges on this
point. --I. Taylor
Hinged \Hinged\, a.
Furnished with hinges.
Hingeless \Hinge"less\, a.
Without a hinge or joint.
Hink \Hink\, n.
A reaping hook. --Knight.
Hinniate \Hin"ni*ate\, Hinny \Hin"ny\v. i. [L. hinnire.]
To neigh; to whinny. [Obs.]
Hinny \Hin"ny\, n.; pl. {Hinnies}. [L. hinnus, cf. Gr. ?.]
A hybrid between a stallion and an ass.
Hinny \Hin"ny\, n.
A term of endearment; darling; -- corrupted from honey.
[Prov. Eng.] --Wright.
Hint \Hint\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hinted}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hinting}.] [OE. henten, hinten, to seize, to catch, AS.
hentan to pursue, take, seize; or Icel. ymta to mutter, ymtr
a muttering, Dan. ymte to whisper. [root]36. Cf. {Hent}.]
To bring to mind by a slight mention or remote allusion; to
suggest in an indirect manner; as, to hint a suspicion.
Just hint a fault and hesitate dislike. --Pope.
Syn: To suggest; intimate; insinuate; imply.
Hint \Hint\, v. i.
To make an indirect reference, suggestion, or allusion; to
allude vaguely to something.
We whisper, and hint, and chuckle. --Tennyson.
{To hint at}, to allude to lightly, indirectly, or
cautiously.
Syn: To allude; refer; glance; touch.
Hint \Hint\, n.
A remote allusion; slight mention; intimation; insinuation; a
suggestion or reminder, without a full declaration or
explanation; also, an occasion or motive.
Our hint of woe Is common. --Shak.
The hint malevolent, the look oblique. --Hannah More.
Syn: Suggestion; allusion. See {Suggestion}.
Hintingly \Hint"ing*ly\, adv.
In a hinting manner.
Hip \Hip\, n. [OE. hipe, huppe, AS. hype; akin to D. heup, OHG.
huf, G. h["u]fte, Dan. hofte, Sw. h["o]ft, Goth. hups; cf.
Icel. huppr, and also Gr. ? the hollow above the hips of
cattle, and Lith. kumpis ham.]
1. The projecting region of the lateral parts of one side of
the pelvis and the hip joint; the haunch; the huckle.
2. (Arch.) The external angle formed by the meeting of two
sloping sides or skirts of a roof, which have their wall
plates running in different directions.
3. (Engin) In a bridge truss, the place where an inclined end
post meets the top chord. --Waddell.
{Hip bone} (Anat.), the innominate bone; -- called also
{haunch bone} and {huckle bone}.
{Hip girdle} (Anat.), the pelvic girdle.
{Hip joint} (Anat.), the articulation between the thigh bone
and hip bone.
{Hip knob} (Arch.), a finial, ball, or other ornament at the
intersection of the hip rafters and the ridge.
{Hip molding} (Arch.), a molding on the hip of a roof,
covering the hip joint of the slating or other roofing.
{Hip rafter} (Arch.), the rafter extending from the wall
plate to the ridge in the angle of a hip roof.
{Hip roof}, {Hipped roof} (Arch.), a roof having sloping ends
and sloping sides. See {Hip}, n., 2., and {Hip}, v. t., 3.
{Hip tile}, a tile made to cover the hip of a roof.
{To catch upon the hip}, or {To have on the hip}, to have or
get the advantage of; -- a figure probably derived from
wresting. --Shak.
{To smite hip and thigh}, to overthrow completely; to defeat
utterly. --Judg. xv. 8.
Hip \Hip\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hipped}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hipping}.]
1. To dislocate or sprain the hip of, to fracture or injure
the hip bone of (a quadruped) in such a manner as to
produce a permanent depression of that side.
2. To throw (one's adversary) over one's hip in wrestling
(technically called cross buttock).
3. To make with a hip or hips, as a roof.
{Hipped roof}. See {Hip roof}, under {Hip}.
Hip \Hip\, n. [OE. hepe, AS. he['o]pe; cf. OHG. hiufo a bramble
bush.] (Bot.)
The fruit of a rosebush, especially of the English dog-rose
({Rosa canina}). [Written also {hop}, {hep}.]
{Hip tree} (Bot.), the dog-rose.
Hip \Hip\, interj.
Used to excite attention or as a signal; as, hip, hip, hurra!
Hip \Hip\, or Hipps \Hipps\, n.
See {Hyp}, n. [Colloq.]
Hiphalt \Hip"halt`\, a.
Lame in the hip. [R.] --Gower.
Hippa \Hip"pa\, Hippe \Hip"pe\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A genus of marine decapod crustaceans, which burrow rapidly
in the sand by pushing themselves backward; -- called also
{bait bug}. See Illust. under {Anomura}.
Hipparion \Hip*pa"ri*on\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a pony, dim. of ? a
horse.] (Paleon.)
An extinct genus of Tertiary mammals allied to the horse, but
three-toed, having on each foot a small lateral hoof on each
side of the main central one. It is believed to be one of the
ancestral genera of the Horse family.
Hipped \Hipped\, Hippish \Hip"pish\, a. [From 5th {Hip}.]
Somewhat hypochondriac; melancholy. See {Hyppish}. [Colloq.]
When we are hipped or in high spirits. --R. L.
Stevenson.
Hippobosca \Hip`po*bos"ca\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "i`ppos horse + ?
to feed.] (Zo["o]l.)
A genus of dipterous insects including the horsefly or horse
tick. -- {Hip`po*bos"can}, a.
Hippocamp \Hip"po*camp\, n.
See {Hippocampus}.
Hippocampal \Hip`po*cam"pal\, a. (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the hippocampus.
Hippocampus \Hip`po*cam"pus\, n. [L., the sea horse, Gr. ? a
hippocampus (in senses 1 and 2); "i`ppos horse + ? to bend.]
1. (Class. Myth.) A fabulous monster, with the head and fore
quarters of a horse joined to the tail of a dolphin or
other fish ({Hippocampus brevirostris}), -- seen in
Pompeian paintings, attached to the chariot of Neptune.
--Fairholt.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A genus of lophobranch fishes of several
species in which the head and neck have some resemblance
to those of a horse; -- called also {sea horse}.
Note: They swim slowly, in an erect position, and often cling
to seaweeds by means of the incurved prehensile tail.
The male has a ventral pouch, in which it carries the
eggs till hatched.
3. (Zo["o]l.) A name applied to either of two ridges of white
matter in each lateral ventricle of the brain. The larger
is called hippocampus major or simply hippocampus. The
smaller, hippocampus minor, is called also {ergot} and
{calcar}.
Hippocentaur \Hip`po*cen"taur\, n. [L. hippocentaurus, Gr. ?;
"i`ppos horse + ? centaur.] (Myth.)
Same as {Centaur}.
Hippocras \Hip"po*cras\, n. [F. hippocras, hypocras, NL. vinum
hippocraticum, lit., wine of Hippocrates.]
A cordial made of spiced wine, etc.
Hippocrates \Hip*poc"ra*tes\, n.
A famous Greek physician and medical writer, born in Cos,
about 460 B. C.
{Hippocrates' sleeve}, a conical strainer, made by stitching
together two adjacent sides of a square piece of cloth,
esp. flannel of linen.
Hippocratic \Hip"po*crat"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to Hippocrates, or to his teachings.
{Hippocratic face} [L. facies Hippocratica], the change
produced in the countenance by death, or long sickness,
excessive evacuations, excessive hunger, and the like. The
nose is pinched, the eyes are sunk, the temples hollow,
the ears cold and retracted, the skin of the forehead
tense and dry, the complexion livid, the lips pendent,
relaxed, and cold; -- so called, as having been described
by Hippocrates. --Dunglison.
{Hippocratic oath}, an oath said to have been dictated by
Hippocrates to his disciples. Such an oath is still
administered to candidates for graduation in medicine.
Hippocratism \Hip*poc"ra*tism\, n.
The medical philosophy or system of Hippocrates.
Hippocrene \Hip"po*crene\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?; "i`ppos horse + ?
a fountain.]
A fountain on Mount Helicon in B[oe]otia, fabled to have
burst forth when the ground was struck by the hoof of
Pegasus. Also, its waters, which were supposed to impart
poetic inspiration. --Keats.
Nor maddening draughts of Hippocrene. --Longfellow.
Hippocrepian \Hip"po*crep"i*an\, n. [See {Hippocrepiform}.]
(Zo["o]l.)
One of an order of fresh-water Bryozoa, in which the
tentacles are on a lophophore, shaped like a horseshoe. See
{Phylactol[ae]ma}.
Hippocrepiform \Hip`po*crep`i*form\, a. [Gr. "i`ppos horse + ?
shoe + -form.] (Bot.)
Shaped like a horseshoe.
Hippodame \Hip"po*dame\, n. [Cf. F. hippopotame.]
A fabulous sea monster. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hippodrome \Hip"po*drome\, n. [L. hippodromos, Gr. ?; "i`ppos
horse + ? course, fr. ? to run: cf. F. hippodrome.]
1. (Gr. Antiq.) A place set apart for equestrian and chariot
races.
2. An arena for equestrian performances; a circus.
Hippogriff \Hip"po*griff\, n. [F. hippogriffe; cf. It.
ippogrifo. See {Hippopotamus}, {Griffon}.] (Myth.)
A fabulous winged animal, half horse and half griffin.
--Milton.
Hippolith \Hip"po*lith\, n. [Gr. "i`ppos horse + -lith.]
A concretion, or kind of bezoar, from the intestines of the
horse.
Hippopathology \Hip`po*pa*thol`o*gy\, n. [Gr. "i`ppos horse + E.
pathology: cf. F. hippopathologie.]
The science of veterinary medicine; the pathology of the
horse.
Hippophagi \Hip*poph"a*gi\, n. pl. [NL. See {Hippophagous}.]
Eaters of horseflesh.
Hippophagism \Hip*poph"a*gism\, n.
Hippophagy. --Lowell.
Hippophagist \Hip*poph"a*gist\, n.
One who eats horseflesh.
Hippophagous \Hip*poph"a*gous\, a. [Gr. "i`ppos horse + ? to
eat: cf. F. hippophage.]
Feeding on horseflesh; -- said of certain nomadic tribes, as
the Tartars.
Hippophagy \Hip*poph"a*gy\, n. [Cf. F. hippophagie.]
The act or practice of feeding on horseflesh.
Hippophile \Hip"po*phile\, n. [Gr. "i`ppos horse + ? to love.]
One who loves horses. --Holmes.
Hippopotamus \Hip`po*pot"a*mus\, n.; pl. E. {Hippopotamuses}, L.
{Hippopotami}. [L., from Gr.?; "i`ppos horse + ? river. Cf.
{Equine}.] (Zo["o]l.)
A large, amphibious, herbivorous mammal ({Hippopotamus
amphibius}), common in the rivers of Africa. It is allied to
the hogs, and has a very thick, naked skin, a thick and
square head, a very large muzzle, small eyes and ears, thick
and heavy body, and short legs. It is supposed to be the
behemoth of the Bible. Called also {zeekoe}, and {river
horse}. A smaller species ({H. Liberiencis}) inhabits Western
Africa.
Hippotomy \Hip*pot"o*my\, n. [Gr. "i`ppos horse + ? to cut: cf.
F. hippotomie.]
Anatomy of the horse.
Hippuric \Hip*pu"ric\, a. [Gr. "i`ppos horse + o"y`ron urine:
cf. F. hippurique.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Obtained from the urine of horses; as, hippuric acid.
{Hippuric acid}, a white crystalline substance, containing
nitrogen, present in the urine of herbivorous animals, and
in small quantity in human urine. By the action of acids,
it is decomposed into benzoic acid and glycocoll.
Hippurite \Hip"pu*rite\, n. [Gr. ? decked with a horse's tail;
"i`ppos horse + ? tail: cf. F. hippurite.] (Paleon.)
A fossil bivalve mollusk of the genus {Hippurites}, of many
species, having a conical, cup-shaped under valve, with a
flattish upper valve or lid. Hippurites are found only in the
Cretaceous rocks.
Hip-roofed \Hip"-roofed`\, a.
Having a hip roof.
Hipshot \Hip"shot`\, a. [Hip + shot.]
Having the hip dislocated; hence, having one hip lower than
the other. --L'Estrange.
Hip tree \Hip" tree`\ (Bot.)
The dog-rose.
Hir \Hir\, pron. [Obs.]
See {Here}, pron. --Chaucer.
Hircic \Hir"cic\, a. [Cf. F. hircique. See {Hircin}.] (Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or derived from, mutton suet; -- applied
by Chevreul to an oily acid which was obtained from mutton
suet, and to which he attributed the peculiar taste and smell
of that substance. The substance has also been called
{hircin}. --Watts.
Hircin \Hir"cin\, n. [L. hircus, he-goat, buck: cf. F. hircine.]
(Chem.)
Hircic acid. See {Hircic}. [R.]
Hircine \Hir"cine\, Hircinous \Hir"ci*nous\, a. [L. hircinus,
fr. hircus hegoat: cf. F. hircin.]
1. Goatlike; of or pertaining to a goat or the goats.
2. Of a strong goatish smell.
Hire \Hire\ (h[~e]r), pron. [Obs.]
See {Here}, pron. --Chaucer.
Hire \Hire\ (h[imac]r), n. [OE. hire, hure, AS. h[=y]r; akin to
D. huur, G. heuer, Dan. hyre, Sw. hyra.]
1. The price, reward, or compensation paid, or contracted to
be paid, for the temporary use of a thing or a place, for
personal service, or for labor; wages; rent; pay.
The laborer is worthy of his hire. --Luke x. 7.
2. (Law.) A bailment by which the use of a thing, or the
services and labor of a person, are contracted for at a
certain price or reward. --Story.
Syn: Wages; salary; stipend; allowance; pay.
Hire \Hire\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hired} (h[imac]rd); p. pr. &
vb. n. {Hiring}.] [OE. hiren, huren, AS. h[=y]rian; akin to
D. huren, G. heuern, Dan. hyre, Sw. hyra. See {Hire}, n.]
1. To procure (any chattel or estate) from another person,
for temporary use, for a compensation or equivalent; to
purchase the use or enjoyment of for a limited time; as,
to hire a farm for a year; to hire money.
2. To engage or purchase the service, labor, or interest of
(any one) for a specific purpose, by payment of wages; as,
to hire a servant, an agent, or an advocate.
3. To grant the temporary use of, for compensation; to engage
to give the service of, for a price; to let; to lease; --
now usually with out, and often reflexively; as, he has
hired out his horse, or his time.
They . . . have hired out themselves for bread. --1
Sam. ii. 5.
Hireless \Hire"less\, a.
Without hire. --Davenant.
Hireling \Hire"ling\ (-l[i^]ng), n. [AS. h[=y]reling. See
{Hire}, n., and {-ling}.]
One who is hired, or who serves for wages; esp., one whose
motive and interest in serving another are wholly gainful; a
mercenary. ``Lewd hirelings.'' --Milton.
Hireling \Hire"ling\, a.
Serving for hire or wages; venal; mercenary. ``Hireling
mourners.'' --Dryden.
Hirer \Hir"er\, n.
One who hires.
Hires \Hires\, Hirs \Hirs\, pron.
Hers; theirs. See {Here}, pron. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hirsute \Hir*sute"\, a. [L. hirsutus; prob. akin to horridus
horrid. Cf. {Horrid}.]
1. Rough with hair; set with bristles; shaggy.
2. Rough and coarse; boorish. [R.]
Cynical and hirsute in his behavior. --Life of A.
Wood.
3. (Bot.) Pubescent with coarse or stiff hairs. --Gray.
4. (Zo["o]l.) Covered with hairlike feathers, as the feet of
certain birds.
Hirsuteness \Hir*sute"ness\, n.
Hairiness. --Burton.
Hirtellous \Hir*tel"lous\, a. [Dim., fr. L. hirtus hairy.] (Bot.
& Zo["o]l.)
Pubescent with minute and somewhat rigid hairs.
Hirudine \Hi*ru"dine\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of or pertaining to the leeches.
Hirudinea \Hir`u*din"e*a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. L. hirudo,
hirudinis, a leech.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of Annelida, including the leeches; -- called also
{Hirudinei}.
Hirudo \Hi*ru"do\, n. [L., a leech.] (Zo["o]l.)
A genus of leeches, including the common medicinal leech. See
{Leech}.
Hirundine \Hi*run"dine\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Like or pertaining to the swallows.
Hirundo \Hi*run"do\, n. [L., swallow.] (Zo["o]l.)
A genus of birds including the swallows and martins.
His \His\, pron. [AS. his of him, his, gen. masc. & neut. of h?,
neut. hit. See {He}.]
1. Belonging or pertaining to him; -- used as a pronominal
adjective or adjective pronoun; as, tell John his papers
are ready; formerly used also for its, but this use is now
obsolete.
No comfortable star did lend his light. --Shak.
Who can impress the forest, bid the tree Unfix his
earth-bound root? --Shak.
Note: Also formerly used in connection with a noun simply as
a sign of the possessive. ``The king his son.'' --Shak.
``By young Telemachus his blooming years.'' --Pope.
This his is probably a corruption of the old possessive
ending -is or -es, which, being written as a separate
word, was at length confounded with the pronoun his.
2. The possessive of he; as, the book is his. ``The sea is
his, and he made it.'' --Ps. xcv. 5.
Hisingerite \His"ing*er*ite\, n. [Named after W. Hisinger, a
Swedish mineralogist.] (Min.)
A soft black, iron ore, nearly earthy, a hydrous silicate of
iron.
Hispanic \His*pan"ic\, a. [L. Hispanicus.]
Of or pertaining to Spain or its language; as, Hispanic
words.
Hispanicism \His*pan"i*cism\, n.
A Spanish idiom or mode of speech. --Keightley.
Hispanicize \His*pan"i*cize\, v. t.
To give a Spanish form or character to; as, to Hispanicize
Latin words.
Hispid \His"pid\, a. [L. hispidus: cf. F. hispide.]
1. Rough with bristles or minute spines.
2. (Bot. & Zo["o]l.) Beset with stiff hairs or bristles.
Hispidulous \His*pid"u*lous\, a. [Dim. of hispid.] (Bot. &
Zo["o]l.)
Minutely hispid.
Hiss \Hiss\ v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hissed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hissing}.] [AS. hysian; prob. of imitative origin?; cf. LG.
hissen, OD. hisschen.]
1. To make with the mouth a prolonged sound like that of the
letter s, by driving the breath between the tongue and the
teeth; to make with the mouth a sound like that made by a
goose or a snake when angered; esp., to make such a sound
as an expression of hatred, passion, or disapproval.
The merchants among the people shall hiss at thee.
--Ezek. xxvii.
36.
2. To make a similar noise by any means; to pass with a
sibilant sound; as, the arrow hissed as it flew.
Shod with steel, We hissed along the polished ice.
--Wordsworth.
Hiss \Hiss\, v. t.
1. To condemn or express contempt for by hissing.
If the tag-rag people did not clap him and hiss him,
according as he pleased and displeased them. --Shak.
Malcolm. What is the newest grief? Ros. That of an
hour's age doth hiss the speaker. --Shak.
2. To utter with a hissing sound.
The long-necked geese of the world that are ever
hissing dispraise. --Tennyson.
Hiss \Hiss\, n.
1. A prolonged sound like that letter s, made by forcing out
the breath between the tongue and teeth, esp. as a token
of disapprobation or contempt.
``Hiss'' implies audible friction of breath
consonants. --H. Sweet.
A dismal, universal hiss, the sound Of public scorn.
--Milton.
2. Any sound resembling that above described; as:
(a) The noise made by a serpent.
But hiss for hiss returned with forked tongue.
--Milton.
(b) The note of a goose when irritated.
(c) The noise made by steam escaping through a narrow
orifice, or by water falling on a hot stove.
Hissing \Hiss"ing\, n.
1. The act of emitting a hiss or hisses.
2. The occasion of contempt; the object of scorn and
derision. [Archaic]
I will make this city desolate, and a hissing.
--Jer. xix. 8.
Hissingly \Hiss"ing*ly\, adv.
With a hissing sound.
Hist \Hist\, interj. [Cf. Dan. hys. ?. Cf. {Hush}, {Whist}.]
Hush; be silent; -- a signal for silence. --Milton.
Histiology \His`ti*ol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. "isto`s tissue + -logy.]
Same as {Histology}.
Histogenesis \His`to*gen"e*sis\, n. [Gr. "isto`s tissue + E.
genesis.] (Biol.)
(a) The formation and development of organic tissues;
histogeny; -- the opposite of histolysis.
(b) Germ history of cells, and of the tissues composed of
cells. --Haeckel.
Histogenetic \His`to*ge*net"ic\, a. [See {Histogeny}.] (Biol.)
Tissue-producing; connected with the formation and
development of the organic tissues.
Histogeny \His*tog"e*ny\, n. [Gr. "isto`s tissue + root of ? to
be born.] (Biol.)
Same as {Histogenesis}. --Dunglison.
Histographer \His*tog"ra*pher\, n.
One who describes organic tissues; an histologist.
Histographical \His"to*graph"ic*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to histography.
Histography \His*tog"ra*phy\, n. [Gr. "isto`s tissue + -graphy.]
A description of, or treatise on, organic tissues.
Histohaematin \His`to*h[ae]m"a*tin\, n. [Gr. "isto`s tissue + E.
h[ae]matin.] (Physiol.)
One of a class of respiratory pigments, widely distributed in
the animal kingdom, capable of ready oxidation and reduction.
Histoid \His"toid\, a. [Gr. "isto`s tissue + -oid.]
Resembling the normal tissues; as, histoid tumors.
Histologic \His`to*log"ic\, Histological \His`to*log"ic*al\ a.
(Biol.)
Pertaining to histology, or to the microscopic structure of
the tissues of living organisms. -- {His`to*log"ic*al*ly},
adv.
Histologist \His*tol"o*gist\, n.
One versed in histology.
Histology \His*tol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. "isto`s tissue + -logy.]
That branch of biological science, which treats of the minute
(microscopic) structure of animal and vegetable tissues; --
called also {histiology}.
Histolysis \His*tol"y*sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "isto`s tissue + ?
to loosen, dissolve.] (Biol.)
The decay and dissolution of the organic tissues and of the
blood.
Histolytic \His`to*lyt"ic\, a. (Biol.)
Of or pertaining to histolysis, or the degeneration of
tissues.
Histonomy \His*ton"o*my\, n. [Gr. "isto`s tissue + ? to
distribute, regulate.]
The science which treats of the laws relating to organic
tissues, their formation, development, functions, etc.
Histophyly \His*toph"y*ly\, n. [Gr. "isto`s tissue + Gr. ?
clan.] (Biol.)
The tribal history of cells, a division of morphophyly.
--Haeckel.
Historial \His*to"ri*al\, a. [L. historialis: cf. F. historial.]
Historical. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Historian \His*to"ri*an\, n. [F. historien.]
1. A writer of history; a chronicler; an annalist.
Even the historian takes great liberties with facts.
--Sir J.
Reynolds.
2. One versed or well informed in history.
Great captains should be good historians. --South.
Historic \His*tor"ic\, Historical \His*tor"ic*al\, a. [L.
historicus, Gr. ?: cf. F. historique. See {History}.]
Of or pertaining to history, or the record of past events;
as, an historical poem; the historic page. --
{His*tor"ic*al*ness}, n. -- {His*to*ric"i*ty}, n.
There warriors frowning in historic brass. --Pope.
{Historical painting}, that branch of painting which
represents the events of history.
{Historical sense}, that meaning of a passage which is
deduced from the circumstances of time, place, etc., under
which it was written.
{The historic sense}, the capacity to conceive and represent
the unity and significance of a past era or age.
Historically \His*tor"ic*al*ly\, adv.
In the manner of, or in accordance with, history.
Historicize \His*tor"i*cize\, v. t.
To record or narrate in the manner of a history; to
chronicle. [R.]
Historied \His"to*ried\, a.
Related in history.
Historier \His*to"ri*er\, n.
An historian. [Obs.]
Historiette \His`to*ri*ette"\, n. [F., dim. of histoire a
history.]
Historical narration on a small scale; a brief recital; a
story. --Emerson.
Histority \His*tor"i*ty\, v. t. [History + -fy.]
To record in or as history. [R.] --Lamb.
Thy conquest meet to be historified. --Sir P.
Sidney.
Historiographer \His*to`ri*og"ra*pher\, n. [L. historiographus,
Gr. ?; ? history + ? to write: cf. F. historiographe.]
An historian; a writer of history; especially, one appointed
or designated to write a history; also, a title bestowed by
some governments upon historians of distinction.
Historiographership \His*to`ri*og"ra*pher*ship\, n.
The office of an historiographer. --Saintsbury.
Historiography \His*to`ri*og"ra*phy\, n.
The art of employment of an historiographer.
Historiology \His*to`ri*ol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ? history + -logy.]
A discourse on history. --Cockeram.
Historionomer \His*to`ri*on"o*mer\, n. [Gr. ? history + ? to
distribute.]
One versed in the phenomena of history and the laws
controlling them.
And historionomers will have measured accurately the
sidereal years of races. --Lowell.
Historize \His"to*rize\, v. t.
To relate as history; to chronicle; to historicize. [R.]
--Evelyn.
History \His"to*ry\, n.; pl. {Histories}. [L. historia, Gr.
'istori`a history, information, inquiry, fr. 'istwr, "istwr,
knowing, learned, from the root of ? to know; akin to E. wit.
See {Wit}, and cf. {Story}.]
1. A learning or knowing by inquiry; the knowledge of facts
and events, so obtained; hence, a formal statement of such
information; a narrative; a description; a written record;
as, the history of a patient's case; the history of a
legislative bill.
2. A systematic, written account of events, particularly of
those affecting a nation, institution, science, or art,
and usually connected with a philosophical explanation of
their causes; a true story, as distinguished from a
romance; -- distinguished also from annals, which relate
simply the facts and events of each year, in strict
chronological order; from biography, which is the record
of an individual's life; and from memoir, which is history
composed from personal experience, observation, and
memory.
Histories are as perfect as the historian is wise,
and is gifted with an eye and a soul. --Carlyle.
For aught that I could ever read, Could ever hear by
tale or history. --Shak.
What histories of toil could I declare! --Pope.
{History piece}, a representation in painting, drawing, etc.,
of any real event, including the actors and the action.
{Natural history}, a description and classification of
objects in nature, as minerals, plants, animals, etc., and
the phenomena which they exhibit to the senses.
Syn: Chronicle; annals; relation; narration.
Usage: {History}, {Chronicle}, {Annals}. History is a
methodical record of important events which concern a
community of men, usually so arranged as to show the
connection of causes and effects, to give an analysis
of motive and action etc. A chronicle is a record of
such events, conforming to the order of time as its
distinctive feature. Annals are a chronicle divided up
into separate years. By poetic license annals is
sometimes used for history.
Justly C[ae]sar scorns the poet's lays; It is to
history he trusts for praise. --Pope.
No more yet of this; For 't is a chronicle of
day by day, Not a relation for a breakfast.
--Shak.
Many glorious examples in the annals of our
religion. --Rogers.
History \His"to*ry\, v. t.
To narrate or record. [Obs.] --Shak.
Histotomy \His*tot"o*my\, n. [Gr. ? tissue + ? to cut.]
The dissection of organic tissues.
Histozyme \His"to*zyme\, n. [Gr. ? tissue + ? leaven.] (Physiol.
Chem.)
A soluble ferment occurring in the animal body, to the
presence of which many normal decompositions and synthetical
processes are supposed to be due.
Histrion \His"tri*on\, n. [L. histrio: cf. F. histrion.]
A player. [R.] --Pope.
Histrionic \His`tri*on"ic\, Histrionical \His`tri*on"ic*al\, a.
[L. histrionicus: cf. F. histronique. See {Histrion}.]
Of or relating to the stage or a stageplayer; befitting a
theatre; theatrical; -- sometimes in a bad sense. --
{His`tri*on"ic*al*ly}, adv.
Tainted with false and histrionic feeling. --De
Quincey.
Histrionicism \His`tri*on"i*cism\, n.
The histronic art; stageplaying. --W. Black.
Histrionism \His"tri*o*nism\, n.
Theatrical representation; acting; affectation. --Sir T.
Browne.
Histrionize \His"tri*o*nize\, v. t.
To act; to represent on the stage, or theatrically.
--Urquhart.
Hit \Hit\, pron.
It. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hit \Hit\,
3d pers. sing. pres. of {Hide}, contracted from hideth.
[Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hit \Hit\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hit}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hitting}.] [OE. hitten, hutten, of Scand. origin; cf. Dan.
hitte to hit, find, Sw. & Icel. hitta.]
1. To reach with a stroke or blow; to strike or touch,
usually with force; especially, to reach or touch (an
object aimed at).
I think you have hit the mark. --Shak.
2. To reach or attain exactly; to meet according to the
occasion; to perform successfully; to attain to; to accord
with; to be conformable to; to suit.
Birds learning tunes, and their endeavors to hit the
notes right. --Locke.
There you hit him; . . . that argument never fails
with him. --Dryden.
Whose saintly visage is too bright To hit the sense
of human sight. --Milton.
He scarcely hit my humor. --Tennyson.
3. To guess; to light upon or discover. ``Thou hast hit it.''
--Shak.
4. (Backgammon) To take up, or replace by a piece belonging
to the opposing player; -- said of a single unprotected
piece on a point.
{To hit off}, to describe with quick characteristic strokes;
as, to hit off a speaker. --Sir W. Temple.
{To hit out}, to perform by good luck. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hit \Hit\, v. i.
1. To meet or come in contact; to strike; to clash; --
followed by against or on.
If bodies be extension alone, how can they move and
hit one against another? --Locke.
Corpuscles, meeting with or hitting on those bodies,
become conjoined with them. --Woodward.
2. To meet or reach what was aimed at or desired; to succeed,
-- often with implied chance, or luck.
And oft it hits Where hope is coldest and despair
most fits. --Shak.
And millions miss for one that hits. --Swift.
{To hit on} or {upon}, to light upon; to come to by chance.
``None of them hit upon the art.'' --Addison.
Hit \Hit\, n.
1. A striking against; the collision of one body against
another; the stroke that touches anything.
So he the famed Cilician fencer praised, And, at
each hit, with wonder seems amazed. --Dryden.
2. A stroke of success in an enterprise, as by a fortunate
chance; as, he made a hit.
What late he called a blessing, now was wit, And
God's good providence, a lucky hit. --Pope.
3. A peculiarly apt expression or turn of thought; a phrase
which hits the mark; as, a happy hit.
4. A game won at backgammon after the adversary has removed
some of his men. It counts less than a gammon.
5. (Baseball) A striking of the ball; as, a safe hit; a foul
hit; -- sometimes used specifically for a {base hit}.
{Base hit}, {Safe hit}, {Sacrifice hit}. (Baseball) See under
{Base}, {Safe}, etc.
Hitch \Hitch\ (h[i^]ch), v. t. [Cf. Scot. hitch a motion by a
jerk, and hatch, hotch, to move by jerks, also Prov. G.
hiksen, G. hinken, to limp, hobble; or E. hiccough; or
possibly akin to E. hook.]
1. To become entangled or caught; to be linked or yoked; to
unite; to cling.
Atoms . . . which at length hitched together.
--South.
2. To move interruptedly or with halts, jerks, or steps; --
said of something obstructed or impeded.
Slides into verse, and hitches in a rhyme. --Pope.
To ease themselves . . . by hitching into another
place. --Fuller.
3. To hit the legs together in going, as horses; to
interfere. [Eng.] --Halliwell.
Hitch \Hitch\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hitched}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hitching}.]
1. To hook; to catch or fasten as by a hook or a knot; to
make fast, unite, or yoke; as, to hitch a horse, or a
halter.
2. To move with hitches; as, he hitched his chair nearer.
{To hitch up}.
(a) To fasten up.
(b) To pull or raise with a jerk; as, a sailor hitches up
his trousers.
(c) To attach, as a horse, to a vehicle; as, hitch up the
gray mare. [Colloq.]
Hitch \Hitch\, n.
1. A catch; anything that holds, as a hook; an impediment; an
obstacle; an entanglement.
2. The act of catching, as on a hook, etc.
3. A stop or sudden halt; a stoppage; an impediment; a
temporary obstruction; an obstacle; as, a hitch in one's
progress or utterance; a hitch in the performance.
4. A sudden movement or pull; a pull up; as, the sailor gave
his trousers a hitch.
5. (Naut.) A knot or noose in a rope which can be readily
undone; -- intended for a temporary fastening; as, a half
hitch; a clove hitch; a timber hitch, etc.
6. (Geol.) A small dislocation of a bed or vein.
Hitchel \Hitch"el\, n. & v. t.
See {Hatchel}.
Hithe \Hithe\ (h[imac][th]), n. [AS. h[=y][eth]. Cf. {Hide} to
conceal.]
A port or small haven; -- used in composition; as, Lambhithe,
now Lambeth. --Pennant.
Hither \Hith"er\, adv. [OE. hider, AS. hider; akin to Icel.
h[=e][eth]ra, Dan. hid, Sw. hit, Goth. hidr[=e]; cf. L. citra
on this side, or E. here, he. [root]183. Cf. {He}.]
1. To this place; -- used with verbs signifying motion, and
implying motion toward the speaker; correlate of hence and
thither; as, to come or bring hither.
2. To this point, source, conclusion, design, etc.; -- in a
sense not physical.
Hither we refer whatsoever belongeth unto the
highest perfection of man. --Hooker.
{Hither and thither}, to and fro; backward and forward; in
various directions. ``Victory is like a traveller, and
goeth hither and thither.'' --Knolles.
Hither \Hith"er\, a.
1. Being on the side next or toward the person speaking;
nearer; -- correlate of thither and farther; as, on the
hither side of a hill. --Milton.
2. Applied to time: On the hither side of, younger than; of
fewer years than.
And on the hither side, or so she looked, Of twenty
summers. --Tennyson.
To the present generation, that is to say, the
people a few years on the hither and thither side of
thirty, the name of Charles Darwin stands alongside
of those of Isaac Newton and Michael Faraday.
--Huxley.
Hithermost \Hith"er*most`\, a.
Nearest on this side. --Sir M. Hale.
Hitherto \Hith"er*to`\, adv.
1. To this place; to a prescribed limit.
Hitherto shalt thou come, but no further. --Job
xxxviii. 11.
2. Up to this time; as yet; until now.
The Lord hath blessed me hitherto. --Josh. xvii.
14.
Hitherward \Hith"er*ward\, adv. [AS. hiderweard.]
Toward this place; hither.
Marching hitherward in proud array. --Shak.
Hitter \Hit"ter\, n.
One who hits or strikes; as, a hard hitter.
Hive \Hive\, n. [OE. hive, huve, AS. h?fe.]
1. A box, basket, or other structure, for the reception and
habitation of a swarm of honeybees. --Dryden.
2. The bees of one hive; a swarm of bees. --Shak.
3. A place swarming with busy occupants; a crowd.
The hive of Roman liars. --Tennyson.
{Hive bee} (Zo["o]l.), the honeybee.
Hive \Hive\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hived}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hiving}.]
1. To collect into a hive; to place in, or cause to enter, a
hive; as, to hive a swarm of bees.
2. To store up in a hive, as honey; hence, to gather and
accumulate for future need; to lay up in store.
Hiving wisdom with each studious year. --Byron.
Hive \Hive\, v. i.
To take shelter or lodgings together; to reside in a
collective body. --Pope.
Hiveless \Hive"less\, a.
Destitute of a hive. --Gascoigne.
Hiver \Hiv"er\, n.
One who collects bees into a hive.
Hives \Hives\, n. [Scot.; perh. akin to E. heave.] (Med.)
(a) The croup.
(b) An eruptive disease (Varicella globularis), allied to the
chicken pox.
Hizz \Hizz\, v. i.
To hiss. [Obs.] --Shak.
Ho \Ho\, pron.
Who. [Obs.]
Note: In some Chaucer MSS.
Ho \Ho\, Hoa \Hoa\, n. [See {Ho}, interj., 2.]
A stop; a halt; a moderation of pace.
There is no ho with them. --Decker.
Ho \Ho\, Hoa \Hoa\ (h[=o]), interj. [Cf. F. & G. ho.]
1. Halloo! attend! -- a call to excite attention, or to give
notice of approach. ``What noise there, ho?'' --Shak.
``Ho! who's within?'' --Shak.
2. [Perhaps corrupted fr. hold; but cf. F. hau stop! and E.
whoa.] Stop! stand still! hold! -- a word now used by
teamsters, but formerly to order the cessation of
anything. [Written also {whoa}, and, formerly, {hoo}.]
The duke . . . pulled out his sword and cried
``Hoo!'' --Chaucer.
An herald on a scaffold made an hoo. --Chaucer.
Hoar \Hoar\, a. [OE. hor, har, AS. h[=a]r; akin to Icel.
h[=a]rr, and to OHG. h[=e]r illustrious, magnificent; cf.
Icel. Hei[eth] brightness of the sky, Goth. hais torch, Skr.
k[=e]tus light, torch. Cf. {Hoary}.]
1. White, or grayish white; as, hoar frost; hoar cliffs.
``Hoar waters.'' --Spenser.
2. Gray or white with age; hoary.
Whose beard with age is hoar. --Coleridge.
Old trees with trunks all hoar. --Byron.
3. Musty; moldy; stale. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hoar \Hoar\, n.
Hoariness; antiquity. [R.]
Covered with the awful hoar of innumerable ages.
--Burke.
Hoar \Hoar\, v. t. [AS. h[=a]rian to grow gray.]
To become moldy or musty. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hoard \Hoard\, n.
See {Hoarding}, 2. --Smart.
Hoard \Hoard\, n. [OE. hord, AS. hord; akin to OS. hord, G.
hort, Icel. hodd, Goth. huzd; prob. from the root of E. hide
to conceal, and of L. custos guard, E. custody. See {Hide} to
conceal.]
A store, stock, or quantity of anything accumulated or laid
up; a hidden supply; a treasure; as, a hoard of provisions; a
hoard of money.
Hoard \Hoard\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hoarded}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hoarding}.] [AS. hordian.]
To collect and lay up; to amass and deposit in secret; to
store secretly, or for the sake of keeping and accumulating;
as, to hoard grain.
Hoard \Hoard\, v. i.
To lay up a store or hoard, as of money.
To hoard for those whom he did breed. --Spenser.
Hoarder \Hoard"er\, n.
One who hoards.
Hoarding \Hoard"ing\, n. [From OF. hourd, hourt, barrier,
palisade, of German or Dutch origin; cf. D. horde hurdle,
fence, G. horde, h["u]rde; akin to E. hurdle. [root]16. See
{Hurdle}.]
1. (Arch.) A screen of boards inclosing a house and materials
while builders are at work. [Eng.]
Posted on every dead wall and hoarding. --London
Graphic.
2. A fence, barrier, or cover, inclosing, surrounding, or
concealing something.
The whole arrangement was surrounded by a hoarding,
the space within which was divided into compartments
by sheets of tin. --Tyndall.
Hoared \Hoared\, a.
Moldy; musty. [Obs.] --Granmer.
Hoarfrost \Hoar"frost`\, n.
The white particles formed by the congelation of dew; white
frost. [Written also {horefrost}. See {Hoar}, a.]
He scattereth the hoarfrost like ashes. --Ps. cxlvii.
16.
Hoarhound \Hoar"hound`\, n.
Same as {Horehound}.
Hoariness \Hoar"i*ness\, n. [From {Hoary}.]
The state of being hoary. --Dryden.
Hoarse \Hoarse\, a. [Compar. {Hoarser}, superl. {Hoarsest}.]
[OE. hors, also hos, has, AS. h[=a]s; akin to D. heesch, G.
heiser, Icel. h[=a]ss, Dan. h[ae]s, Sw. hes. Cf. Prov. E.
heazy.]
1. Having a harsh, rough, grating voice or sound, as when
affected with a cold; making a rough, harsh cry or sound;
as, the hoarse raven.
The hoarse resounding shore. --Dryden.
2. Harsh; grating; discordant; -- said of any sound.
Hoarsely \Hoarse"ly\, adv.
With a harsh, grating sound or voice.
Hoarsen \Hoars"en\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hoarsened}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Hoarsening}.]
To make hoarse.
I shall be obliged to hoarsen my voice. --Richardson.
Hoarseness \Hoarse"ness\, n.
Harshness or roughness of voice or sound, due to mucus
collected on the vocal cords, or to swelling or looseness of
the cords.
Hoarstone \Hoar"stone`\, n.
A stone designating the ?ounds of an estate; a landmark.
--Halliwell.
Hoary \Hoar"y\, a.
1. White or whitish. ``The hoary willows.'' --Addison.
2. White or gray with age; hoar; as, hoary hairs.
Reverence the hoary head. --Dr. T.
Dwight.
3. Hence, remote in time past; as, hoary antiquity.
4. Moldy; mossy; musty. [Obs.] --Knolles.
5. (Zo["o]l.) Of a pale silvery gray.
6. (Bot.) Covered with short, dense, grayish white hairs;
canescent.
{Hoary bat} (Zo["o]l.), an American bat ({Atalapha cinerea}),
having the hair yellowish, or brown, tipped with white.
Hoatzin \Ho"at*zin\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Same as {Hoazin}.
Hoax \Hoax\, n. [Prob. contr. fr. hocus, in hocus-pocus.]
A deception for mockery or mischief; a deceptive trick or
story; a practical joke. --Macaulay.
Hoax \Hoax\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hoaxed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hoaxing}.]
To deceive by a story or a trick, for sport or mischief; to
impose upon sportively. --Lamb.
Hoaxer \Hoax"er\, n.
One who hoaxes.
Hoazin \Hoa"zin\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A remarkable South American bird ({Opisthocomus cristatus});
the crested touraco. By some zo["o]logists it is made the
type of a distinct order ({Opisthocomi}).
Hob \Hob\, n. [Prob. akin to hump. Cf. {Hub}. ]
1. The hub of a wheel. See {Hub}. --Washington.
2. The flat projection or iron shelf at the side of a fire
grate, where things are put to be kept warm. --Smart.
3. (Mech.) A threaded and fluted hardened steel cutter,
resembling a tap, used in a lathe for forming the teeth of
screw chasers, worm wheels, etc.
Hob \Hob\, n. [Orig. an abbrev. of Robin, Robert; Robin
Goodfellow a celebrated fairy, or domestic spirit. Cf.
{Hobgoblin}, and see {Robin}. ]
1. A fairy; a sprite; an elf. [Obs.]
From elves, hobs, and fairies, . . . Defend us, good
Heaven ! --Beau. & FL.
2. A countryman; a rustic; a clown. [Obs.] --Nares.
Hobanob \Hob"a*nob`\, Hobandnob \Hob"and*nob`\, v. i.
Same as {Hobnob}. --Tennyson.
Hobbism \Hob"bism\, n.
The philosophical system of Thomas Hobbes, an English
materialist (1588-1679); esp., his political theory that the
most perfect form of civil government is an absolute monarchy
with despotic control over everything relating to law,
morals, and religion.
Hobbist \Hob"bist\, n.
One who accepts the doctrines of Thomas Hobbes.
Hobble \Hob"ble\, n. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hobbled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hobbling}.] [OE. hobelen, hoblen, freq. of hoppen to hop;
akin to D. hobbelen, hoblen, hoppeln. See {Hop} to jump, and
cf. {Hopple} ]
1. To walk lame, bearing chiefly on one leg; to walk with a
hitch or hop, or with crutches.
The friar was hobbling the same way too. --Dryden.
2. To move roughly or irregularly; -- said of style in
writing. --Prior.
The hobbling versification, the mean diction.
--Jeffreys.
Hobble \Hob"ble\, v. t.
1. To fetter by tying the legs; to hopple; to clog. `` They
hobbled their horses.'' --Dickens
2. To perplex; to embarrass.
Hobble \Hob"ble\, n.
1. An unequal gait; a limp; a halt; as, he has a hobble in
his gait. --Swift.
2. Same as {Hopple}.
3. Difficulty; perplexity; embarrassment. --Waterton.
Hobblebush \Hob"ble*bush`\, n. (Bot.)
A low bush ({Viburnum lantanoides}) having long, straggling
branches and handsome flowers. It is found in the Northern
United States. Called also {shinhopple}.
Hobbledehoy \Hob"ble*de*hoy`\, Hobbletehoy \Hob"ble*te*hoy`\, n.
[Written also {hobbetyhoy}, {hobbarddehoy}, {hobbedehoy},
{hobdehoy}.] [ Cf. Prob. E. hobbledygee with a limping
movement; also F. hobereau, a country squire, E. hobby, and
OF. hoi to-day; perh. the orig. sense was, an upstart of
to-day.]
A youth between boy and man; an awkward, gawky young fellow .
[Colloq.]
All the men, boys, and hobbledehoys attached to the
farm. --Dickens. .
Hobbler \Hob"bler\, n.
One who hobbles.
Hobbler \Hob"bler\, n. [OE. also hobeler, OF. hobelier, LL.
hobellarius. See {Hobby} a horse.] (Eng. Hist.)
One who by his tenure was to maintain a horse for military
service; a kind of light horseman in the Middle Ages who was
mounted on a hobby. --Hallam. Sir J. Davies.
Hobblingly \Hob"bling*ly\, adv.
With a limping step.
Hobbly \Hob"bly\, a.
Rough; uneven; causing one to hobble; as a hobbly road.
Hobby \Hob"by\, n.; pl. {Hobbies}. [OE. hobi; cf. OF. hobe,
hob['e], F. hobereau a hobby, a species of falcon. OF. hober
to move, stir. Cf. {Hobby} a horse.] (Zo["o]l.)
A small, strong-winged European falcon ({Falco subbuteo}),
formerly trained for hawking.
Hobby \Hob"by\, Hobbyhorse \Hob"by*horse`\, n. [OE. hobin a nag,
OF. hobin hobby; cf. hober to stir, move; prob. of German or
Scand. origin; cf. Dan. hoppe a mare, dial. Sw. hoppa; perh.
akin to E. hop to jump.]
1. A strong, active horse, of a middle size, said to have
been originally from Ireland; an ambling nag. --Johnson.
2. A stick, often with the head or figure of a horse, on
which boys make believe to ride. [ Usually under the form
{hobbyhorse}.]
3. A subject or plan upon which one is constantly setting
off; a favorite and ever-recurring theme of discourse,
thought, or effort; that which occupies one's attention
unduly, or to the weariness of others; a ruling passion.
[Usually under the form {hobby}.]
Not one of them has any hobbyhorse, to use the
phrase of Sterne. --Macaulay.
Hobbyhorsical \Hob`by*hors"ic*al\, n.
Pertaining to, or having, a hobby or whim; eccentric;
whimsical.[Colloq.] --Sterne.
Hobgoblin \Hob"gob`lin\, n. [See 2d Hob, and {Goblin}.]
A frightful goblin; an imp; a bugaboo; also, a name formerly
given to the household spirit, Robin Goodfellow. --Macaulay.
Hobiler \Hob"i*ler\, n.[See 2d {Hobbler}.]
A light horseman. See 2d {Hobbler}. [Obs.] --Brande & C.
Hobit \Ho"bit\, n. [See {Howitzer}.] (Mil.)
A small mortar on a gun carriage, in use before the howitzer.
Hobnail \Hob"nail`\, n. [1st hob + nail.]
1. A short, sharp-pointed, large-headed nail, -- used in
shoeing houses and for studding the soles of heavy shoes.
2. A clownish person; a rustic. --Milton.
{Hobnail liver} (Med.), a disease in which the liver is
shrunken, hard, and covered with projections like
hobnails; one of the forms of cirrhosis of the liver.
Hobnail \Hob"nail`\, v. t.
To tread down roughly, as with hobnailed shoes.
Your rights and charters hobnailed into slush.
--Tennyson.
Hobnailed \Hob"nailed`\, a.
See with hobnails, as a shoe.
Hobnob \Hob"nob`\, adv. [AS. habban to have + habban to have
not; ne not + habban to have. See {Have}, and cf. {Habnab}.]
1. Have or have not; -- a familiar invitation to reciprocal
drinking. --Shak.
2. At random; hit or miss. (Obs.) --Holinshed.
Hobnob \Hob"nob`\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hornobbed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hornobbing}.]
1. To drink familiarly (with another). [ Written also
{hob-a-nob}.]
2. To associate familiarly; to be on intimate terms.
Hobnob \Hob"nob`\, n.
Familiar, social intercourse. --W. Black.
Hobornob \Hob"or*nob`\, adv.
See {Hobnob}.
Hoboy \Ho"boy\, n.
A hautboy or oboe. [Obs.]
Hobson's choice \Hob"son's choice"\
A choice without an alternative; the thing offered or
nothing.
Note: It is said to have had its origin in the name of one
Hobson, at Cambridge, England, who let horses, and
required every customer to take in his turn the horse
which stood next the stable door.
Hocco \Hoc"co\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The crested curassow; -- called also {royal pheasant}. See
{Curassow}.
Hochepot \Hoche"pot\, n.
Hotchpot. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hock \Hock\, n. [So called from Hochheim, in Germany.]
A Rhenish wine, of a light yellow color, either sparkling or
still. The name is also given indiscriminately to all Rhenish
wines.
Hock \Hock\, Hough \Hough\, n. [ AS. h?h the heel; prob. akin to
Icel. h[=a]sinn hock sinew, Dan. hasc, G. hechse, h["a]chse,
LG. hacke, D. hak; also to L. coxa hip (cf. {Cuisses}), Skr.
kaksha armpit. [root]12. Cf. {Heel}.]
1.
(a) The joint in the hind limb of quadrupeds between the
leg and shank, or tibia and tarsus, and corresponding
to the ankle in man.
(b) A piece cut by butchers, esp. in pork, from either the
front or hind leg, just above the foot.
2. The popliteal space; the ham.
Hock \Hock\, v. t.
To disable by cutting the tendons of the hock; to hamstring;
to hough.
Hockamore \Hock"a*more\, n. [See 1st {Hock}.]
A Rhenish wine. [Obs.] See {Hock}. --Hudibras.
Hockday \Hock"day`\, n. [Cf. AS. h[=o]cor mockery, scorn.]
A holiday commemorating the expulsion of the Danes, formerly
observed on the second Tuesday after Easter; -- called also
{hocktide}. [Eng.] [Written also {hokeday}.]
Hockey \Hock"ey\, n. [From {Hook}, n.]
1. A game in which two parties of players, armed with sticks
curved or hooked at the end, attempt to drive any small
object (as a ball or a bit of wood) toward opposite goals.
2. The stick used by the players. [Written also {hookey} and
{hawkey}.]
Hockherb \Hock"herb`\, n. (Bot.)
The mallow.
Hockle \Hoc"kle\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hockled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hockling}.] [From 2d {Hock}.]
1. To hamstring; to hock; to hough. --Hanmer.
2. To mow, as stubble. --Mason.
Hocus \Ho"cus\, v. t. [See {Hocus-pocus}.]
1. To deceive or cheat. --Halliwell.
2. To adulterate; to drug; as, liquor is said to be hocused
for the purpose of stupefying the drinker. --Dickens.
3. To stupefy with drugged liquor. --Thackeray.
Hocus \Ho"cus\, n.
1. One who cheats or deceives. --South.
2. Drugged liquor.
Hocuspocus \Ho"cus*po"cus\, n. [Prob. invented by jugglers in
imitation of Latin. Cf. {Hoax}, {Hocus} .]
1. A term used by jugglers in pretended incantations.
2. A juggler or trickster. --Sir T. Herbert.
3. A juggler's trick; a cheat; nonsense. --Hudibras.
Hocuspocus \Ho"cus*po"cus\, v. t.
To cheat. [Colloq.] --L'Estrange.
Hod \Hod\, n. [Prov. E. for hold, i. e., that which holds. See
{Hold}.]
1. A kind of wooden tray with a handle, borne on the
shoulder, for carrying mortar, brick, etc.
2. A utensil for holding coal; a coal scuttle.
Hoddengray \Hod"den*gray`\, a. [Perh. akin to E. hoiden rustic,
clownish.]
Applied to coarse cloth made of undyed wool, formerly worn by
Scotch peasants. [Scot.]
Hoddy \Hod"dy\, n. [Prob. for hooded.] (Zo["o]l.)
See {Dun crow}, under {Dun}, a.
Hoddydoddy \Hod"dy*dod`dy\, n. [Prob. E. also hoddypeke,
hoddypoule, hoddymandoddy.]
An awkward or foolish person. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Hodgepodge \Hodge"podge`\, n.
A mixed mass; a medley. See {Hotchpot}. --Johnson.
Hodgkin's disease \Hodg`kin's dis*ease"\ (Med.)
A morbid condition characterized by progressive an[ae]mia and
enlargement of the lymphatic glands; -- first described by
Dr. Hodgkin, an English physician.
Hodiern \Ho"di*ern\, Hodiernal \Ho`di*er"nal\, a. [L. hodiernus,
fr. hodie today.]
Of this day; belonging to the present day. [R.] --Boyle.
Quart. Rev.
Hodman \Hod"man\, n.; pl. {Hodmen}(?).
A man who carries a hod; a mason's tender.
Hodmandod \Hod"man*dod\, n. [Obs.]
See {Dodman}. --Bacon.
Hodograph \Hod"o*graph\, n. [Gr.? path + graph.] (Math.)
A curve described by the moving extremity of a line the other
end of which is fixed, this line being constantly parallel to
the direction of motion of, and having its length constantly
proportional to the velocity of, a point moving in any path;
-used in investigations respecting central forces.
Hodometer \Ho*dom"e*ter\, n.
See {Odometer}.
Hoe \Hoe\, n. [OF. hoe, F. houe; of German origin, cf. OHG.
houwa, howa, G. haue, fr. OHG. houwan to hew. See {Hew} to
cut.]
1. A tool chiefly for digging up weeds, and arranging the
earth about plants in fields and gardens. It is made of a
flat blade of iron or steel having an eye or tang by which
it is attached to a wooden handle at an acute angle.
2. (Zo["o]l.) The horned or piked dogfish. See {Dogfish}.
{Dutch hoe}, one having the blade set for use in the manner
of a spade.
{Horse hoe}, a kind of cultivator.
Hoe \Hoe\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hoed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hoeing}.] [Cf. F. houer.]
To cut, dig, scrape, turn, arrange, or clean, with a hoe; as,
to hoe the earth in a garden; also, to clear from weeds, or
to loosen or arrange the earth about, with a hoe; as, to hoe
corn.
{To hoe one's row}, to do one's share of a job. [Colloq.]
Hoe \Hoe\, v. i.
To use a hoe; to labor with a hoe.
Hoecake \Hoe"cake`\, n.
A cake of Indian meal, water, and salt, baked before the fire
or in the ashes; -- so called because often cooked on a hoe.
[Southern U.S.]
Hoemother \Hoe"moth`er\, n. [A local Orkney name; cf. Icel.
h[=a]r.] (Zo["o]l.)
The basking or liver shark; -- called also {homer}. See
{Liver shark}, under {Liver}.
Hoful \Ho"ful\, a. [AS. hogful, hohful, fr. hogu care, anxiety.]
Careful; wary. [Obs.] --Stapleton.
Hog \Hog\, n. [Prob. akin to E. hack to cut, and meaning orig.,
a castrated boar; cf. also W. hwch swine, sow, Armor. houc'h,
hoc'h. Cf. {Haggis}, {Hogget}, and {Hoggerel}.]
1. (Zo["o]l.) A quadruped of the genus {Sus}, and allied
genera of {Suid[ae]}; esp., the domesticated varieties of
{S. scrofa}, kept for their fat and meat, called,
respectively, {lard} and {pork}; swine; porker;
specifically, a castrated boar; a barrow.
Note: The domestic hogs of Siam, China, and parts of Southern
Europe, are thought to have been derived from {Sus
Indicus}.
2. A mean, filthy, or gluttonous fellow. [Low.]
3. A young sheep that has not been shorn. [Eng.]
4. (Naut.) A rough, flat scrubbing broom for scrubbing a
ship's bottom under water. --Totten.
5. (Paper Manuf.) A device for mixing and stirring the pulp
of which paper is made.
{Bush hog}, {Ground hog}, etc.. See under {Bush}, {Ground},
etc.
{Hog caterpillar} (Zo["o]l.), the larva of the green
grapevine sphinx; -- so called because the head and first
three segments are much smaller than those behind them, so
as to make a resemblance to a hog's snout. See {Hawk
moth}.
{Hog cholera}, an epidemic contagious fever of swine,
attended by liquid, fetid, diarrhea, and by the appearance
on the skin and mucous membrane of spots and patches of a
scarlet, purple, or black color. It is fatal in from one
to six days, or ends in a slow, uncertain recovery. --Law
(Farmer's Veter. Adviser.)
{Hog deer} (Zo["o]l.), the axis deer.
{Hog gum} (Bot.), West Indian tree ({Symphonia globulifera}),
yielding an aromatic gum.
{Hog of wool}, the trade name for the fleece or wool of sheep
of the second year.
{Hog peanut} (Bot.), a kind of earth pea.
{Hog plum} (Bot.), a tropical tree, of the genus {Spondias}
({S. lutea}), with fruit somewhat resembling plums, but
chiefly eaten by hogs. It is found in the West Indies.
{Hog's bean} (Bot.), the plant henbane.
{Hog's bread}.(Bot.) See {Sow bread}.
{Hog's fennel}. (Bot.) See under {Fennel}.
{Mexican hog} (Zo["o]l.), the peccary.
{Water hog}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Capybara}.
Hog \Hog\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hogged}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hogging}.]
1. To cut short like bristles; as, to hog the mane of a
horse. --Smart.
2. (Naut.) To scrub with a hog, or scrubbing broom.
Hog \Hog\, v. i. (Naut.)
To become bent upward in the middle, like a hog's back; --
said of a ship broken or strained so as to have this form.
Hogback \Hog"back`\, n.
1. (Arch.) An upward curve or very obtuse angle in the upper
surface of any member, as of a timber laid horizontally;
-- the opposite of camber.
2. (Naut.) See {Hogframe}.
3. (Geol.) A ridge formed by tilted strata; hence, any ridge
with a sharp summit, and steeply sloping sides.
Hogchain \Hog"chain`\, n.
A chain or tie rod, in a boat or barge, to prevent the vessel
from hogging.
Hogchoker \Hog"chok`er\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
An American sole ({Achirus lineatus}, {or A. achirus}),
related to the European sole, but of no market value.
Hogcote \Hog"cote`\, n.
A shed for swine; a sty.
Hogfish \Hog"fish`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) A large West Indian and Florida food fish
({Lachnol[ae]mus}).
(b) The pigfish or sailor's choice.
(c) An American fresh-water fish; the log perch.
(d) A large, red, spiny-headed, European marine fish
({Scorp[ae]na scrofa}).
Hogframe \Hog"frame`\, n. (Steam Vessels)
A trussed frame extending fore and aft, usually above deck,
and intended to increase the longitudinal strength and
stiffness. Used chiefly in American river and lake steamers.
Called also {hogging frame}, and {hogback}.
Hogged \Hogged\, a. (Naut.)
Broken or strained so as to have an upward curve between the
ends. See {Hog}, v. i.
Hogger \Hog"ger\, n.
A stocking without a foot, worn by coal miners at work.
Hoggerel \Hog"ger*el\, n. [From the same source as hog; prob.
orig., a sheep clipped the first year. See {Hog}.]
A sheep of the second year. [Written also {hogrel}.] Ash.
Hoggerpipe \Hog"ger*pipe`\, n. (Mining)
The upper terminal pipe of a mining pump. --Raymond.
Hogger-pump \Hog"ger-pump"\, n. (Mining)
The for pump in the pit. --Raymond.
Hoggery \Hog"ger*y\, n.
Hoggish character or manners; selfishness; greed;
beastliness.
Crime and shame And all their hoggery. --Mrs.
Browning.
Hogget \Hog"get\, n. [See Hog, and {Hoggerel}.]
1. A young boar of the second year.
2. A sheep or colt alter it has passed its first year.
Hogging \Hog"ging\, n. (Naut.)
Drooping at the ends; arching;-in distinction from sagging.
{Hogging frame}. See {Hogframe}.
Hoggish \Hog"gish\, a.
Swinish; gluttonous; filthy; selfish. -- {Hog"gish*ly}, adv.
-- {Hog"gish*ness}, n.
Is not a hoggish life the height of some men's wishes?
--Shaftesbury.
Hogh \Hogh\ (h[=o]), n. [Icel. haugr hill, mound; akin to E.
high. See {High}.]
A hill; a cliff. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hogherd \Hog"herd\, n.
A swineherd. --W. Browne.
Hogmanay \Hog`ma*nay"\, n.
The old name, in Scotland, for the last day of the year, on
which children go about singing, and receive a dole of bread
or cakes; also, the entertainment given on that day to a
visitor, or the gift given to an applicant. [Scot.]
Hognosesnake \Hog"nose`snake"\ (Zo["o]l.)
A harmless North American snake of the genus {Heterodon},
esp. {H. platyrhynos}; -- called also {puffing adder},
{blowing adder}, and {sand viper}.
Hognut \Hog"nut`\, n. (Bot.)
(a) The pignut. See {Hickory}.
(b) In England, the {Bunium flexuosum}, a tuberous plant.
Hogo \Ho"go\, n. [Corrupted from F. haut go[^u]t.]
High flavor; strong scent. [Obs.] --Halliwell.
Hogpen \Hog"pen`\, n.
A pen or sty for hogs.
Hogreeve \Hog"reeve`\, n. [See {Reeve}.]
A civil officer charged with the duty of impounding hogs
running at large. [New Eng.] --Bartlett.
Hogringer \Hog"ring`er\, n.
One who puts rings into the snouts of hogs.
Hog's-back \Hog's"-back`\, n. (Geol.)
A hogback.
Hogscore \Hog"score`\, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Curling)
A distance lime brawn across the rink or course between the
middle line and the tee. [Scot.]
Hogshead \Hogs"head\, n. [D. okshoofd; akin to Sw. oxhufvud,
Dan. oxehoved, G. oxhoft; apparently meaning orig., ox head,
but it is not known why this name was given. Cf. {Ox},
{Head}.]
1. An English measure of capacity, containing 63 wine
gallons, or about 52? imperial gallons; a half pipe.
Note: The London hogshead of beer was 54 beer gallons, the
London hogshead of ale was 48 ale gallons. Elsewhere in
England the ale and beer hogsheads held 51 gallons.
These measures are no longer in use, except for cider.
2. A large cask or barrel, of indefinite contents; esp. one
containing from 100 to 140 gallons. [U. S.]
Hogskin \Hog"skin`\, n.
Leather tanned from a hog's skin. Also used adjectively.
Hogsty \Hog"sty`\, n.; pl. {Hogsties}.
A pen, house, or inclosure, for hogs.
Hogwash \Hog"wash`\, n.
Swill. --Arbuthnot.
Hogweed \Hog"weed`\, n. (Bot.)
(a) A common weed ({Ambrosia artemisi[ae]ge}). See
{Ambrosia}, 3.
(b) In England, the {Heracleum Sphondylium}.
Hoiden \Hoi"den\, n. [OE. hoydon a lout, rustic, OD. heyden a
heathen, gypsy, vagabond, D. heiden, fr. OD. heyde heath, D.
heide. See {Heathen}, {Heath}.] [Written also {hoyden}.]
1. A rude, clownish youth. [Obs.] --Milton.
2. A rude, bold girl; a romp. --H. Kingsley.
Hoiden \Hoi"den\, a.
Rustic; rude; bold. --Younq.
Hoiden \Hoi"den\, v. i.
To romp rudely or indecently. --Swift.
Hoidenhood \Hoi"den*hood\, n.
State of being a hoiden.
Hoidenish \Hoi"den*ish\, a.
Like, or appropriate to, a hoiden.
Hoise \Hoise\, v. t. [See {Hoist}.]
To hoist. [Obs.]
They . . . hoised up the mainsail to the wind. --Acts
xxvii. 40.
Hoist \Hoist\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hoisted}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hoisting}.] [OE. hoise, hyse, OD. hyssen, D. hijshen; akin
to LG. hissen, Dan. hisse, Sw. hissa.]
To raise; to lift; to elevate; esp., to raise or lift to a
desired elevation, by means of tackle, as a sail, a flag, a
heavy package or weight.
They land my goods, and hoist my flying sails. --Pope.
Hoisting him into his father's throne. --South.
{Hoisting engine}, a steam engine for operating a hoist.
Hoist \Hoist\, n.
1. That by which anything is hoisted; the apparatus for
lifting goods.
2. The act of hoisting; a lift. [Collog.]
3. (Naut.)
(a) The perpendicular height of a flag, as opposed to the
fly, or horizontal length when flying from a staff.
(b) The height of a fore-and-aft sail next the mast or
stay. --Totten.
{Hoist bridge}, a drawbridge that is lifted instead of being
swung or drawn aside.
Hoist \Hoist\, p. p.
Hoisted. [Obs.]
'T is the sport to have the enginer Hoist with his own
petar. --Shak.
Hoistaway \Hoist"a*way`\, n.
A mechanical lift. See {Elevator}.
Hoistway \Hoist"way`\, n.
An opening for the hoist, or elevator, in the floor of a
wareroom.
Hoit \Hoit\, v. i. [Gf. W. hoetian to dally, dandle.]
To leap; to caper; to romp noisily. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
Hoity-toity \Hoi"ty-toi`ty\, a. [From {Hoit}.]
Thoughtless; giddy; flighty; also, haughty; patronizing; as,
to be in hoity-toity spirits, or to assume hoity-toity airs;
used also as an exclamation, denoting surprise or
disapprobation, with some degree of contempt.
Hoity-toity! What have I to do with dreams? --Congreve.
Hokeday \Hoke"day`\, n.
Same as {Hockday}.
Hoker \Ho"ker\, n. [AS. h[=o]cor.]
Scorn; derision; abusive talk. [Obs.] -- {Ho"ker*ly}, adv.
[Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hol \Hol\, a. [See {Whole}.]
Whole. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Holaspidean \Hol`as*pid"e*an\, a. [Holo- + Gr.?, ?, shield.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Having a single series of large scutes on the posterior side
of the tarsus; -- said of certain birds.
Holcad \Hol"cad\, n. [Gr. 'olka`s, -a`dos, a ship which is
towed, a ship of burden, fr. 'e`lkein to draw. Gf. {Hulk}.]
A large ship of burden, in ancient Greece. --Mitford.
Hold \Hold\, n. [D. hol hole, hollow. See {Hole}.] (Naut.)
The whole interior portion of a vessel below the lower deck,
in which the cargo is stowed.
Hold \Hold\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Held}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Holding}. {Holden}, p. p., is obs. in elegant writing,
though still used in legal language.] [OE. haldan, D. houden,
OHG. hoten, Icel. halda, Dan. holde, Sw. h[*a]lla, Goth.
haldan to feed, tend (the cattle); of unknown origin. Gf.
{Avast}, {Halt}, {Hod}.]
1. To cause to remain in a given situation, position, or
relation, within certain limits, or the like; to prevent
from falling or escaping; to sustain; to restrain; to keep
in the grasp; to retain.
The loops held one curtain to another. --Ex. xxxvi.
12.
Thy right hand shall hold me. --Ps. cxxxix.
10.
They all hold swords, being expert in war. --Cant.
iii. 8.
In vain he seeks, that having can not hold.
--Spenser.
France, thou mayst hold a serpent by the tongue, . .
. A fasting tiger safer by the tooth, Than keep in
peace that hand which thou dost hold. --Shak.
2. To retain in one's keeping; to maintain possession of, or
authority over; not to give up or relinquish; to keep; to
defend.
We mean to hold what anciently we claim Of deity or
empire. --Milton.
3. To have; to possess; to be in possession of; to occupy; to
derive title to; as, to hold office.
This noble merchant held a noble house. --Chaucer.
Of him to hold his seigniory for a yearly tribute.
--Knolles.
And now the strand, and now the plain, they held.
--Dryden.
4. To impose restraint upon; to limit in motion or action; to
bind legally or morally; to confine; to restrain.
We can not hold mortality's strong hand. --Shak.
Death! what do'st? O,hold thy blow. --Grashaw.
He hat not sufficient judgment and self-command to
hold his tongue. --Macaulay.
5. To maintain in being or action; to carry on; to prosecute,
as a course of conduct or an argument; to continue; to
sustain.
Hold not thy peace, and be not still. --Ps. lxxxiii.
1.
Seedtime and harvest, heat and hoary frost, Shall
hold their course. --Milton.
6. To prosecute, have, take, or join in, as something which
is the result of united action; as to, hold a meeting, a
festival, a session, etc.; hence, to direct and bring
about officially; to conduct or preside at; as, the
general held a council of war; a judge holds a court; a
clergyman holds a service.
I would hold more talk with thee. --Shak.
7. To receive and retain; to contain as a vessel; as, this
pail holds milk; hence, to be able to receive and retain;
to have capacity or containing power for.
Broken cisterns that can hold no water. --Jer. ii.
13.
One sees more devils than vast hell can hold.
--Shak.
8. To accept, as an opinion; to be the adherent of, openly or
privately; to persist in, as a purpose; to maintain; to
sustain.
Stand fast and hold the traditions which ye have
been taught. --2 Thes.
ii.15.
But still he held his purpose to depart. --Dryden.
9. To consider; to regard; to esteem; to account; to think;
to judge.
I hold him but a fool. --Shak.
I shall never hold that man my friend. --Shak.
The Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his
name in vain. --Ex. xx. 7.
10. To bear, carry, or manage; as he holds himself erect; he
holds his head high.
Let him hold his fingers thus. --Shak.
{To hold a wager}, to lay or hazard a wager. --Swift.
{To hold forth}, to offer; to exhibit; to propose; to put
forward. ``The propositions which books hold forth and
pretend to teach.'' --Locke.
{To held in}, to restrain; to curd.
{To hold in hand}, to toy with; to keep in expectation; to
have in one's power. [Obs.]
O, fie! to receive favors, return falsehoods, And
hold a lady in hand. --Beaw. & Fl.
{To hold in play}, to keep under control; to dally with.
--Macaulay.
{To hold off}, to keep at a distance.
{To hold on}, to hold in being, continuance or position; as,
to hold a rider on.
{To hold one's day}, to keep one's appointment. [Obs.]
--Chaucer.
{To hold one's own}.
(a) To keep good one's present condition absolutely or
relatively; not to fall off, or to lose ground; as, a
ship holds her own when she does not lose ground in a
race or chase; a man holds his own when he does not
lose strength or weight.
{To hold one's peace}, to keep silence.
{To hold out}.
(a) To extend; to offer. ``Fortune holds out these to you
as rewards.'' --B. Jonson.
(b) To continue to do or to suffer; to endure. ``He can
not long hold out these pangs.'' --Shak.
{To hold up}.
(a) To raise; to lift; as, hold up your head.
(b) To support; to sustain. ``He holds himself up in
virtue.''--Sir P. Sidney.
(c) To exhibit; to display; as, he was held up as an
example.
(d) To rein in; to check; to halt; as, hold up your
horses.
{To hold water}.
(a) Literally, to retain water without leaking; hence
(Fig.), to be whole, sound, consistent, without gaps
or holes; -- commonly used in a negative sense; as,
his statements will not hold water. [Collog.]
(b) (Naut.) To hold the oars steady in the water, thus
checking the headway of a boat.
Hold \Hold\, n. i.
In general, to keep one's self in a given position or
condition; to remain fixed. Hence:
1. Not to more; to halt; to stop;-mostly in the imperative.
And damned be him that first cries, ``Hold,
enough!'' --Shak.
2. Not to give way; not to part or become separated; to
remain unbroken or unsubdued.
Our force by land hath nobly held. --Shak.
3. Not to fail or be found wanting; to continue; to last; to
endure a test or trial; to abide; to persist.
While our obedience holds. --Milton.
The rule holds in land as all other commodities.
--Locke.
4. Not to fall away, desert, or prove recreant; to remain
attached; to cleave;-often with with, to, or for.
He will hold to the one and despise the other.
--Matt. vi. 24
5. To restrain one's self; to refrain.
His dauntless heart would fain have held From
weeping, but his eyes rebelled. --Dryden.
6. To derive right or title; -- generally with of.
My crown is absolute, and holds of none. --Dryden.
His imagination holds immediately from nature.
--Hazlitt.
{Hold on!} {Hold up!} wait; stop; forbear. [Collog] -- {To
hold forth}, to speak in public; to harangue; to preach.
--L'Estrange.
{To hold in}, to restrain one's self; as, he wanted to laugh
and could hardly hold in.
{To hold off}, to keep at a distance.
{To hold on}, to keep fast hold; to continue; to go on. ``The
trade held on for many years,'' --Swift.
{To hold out}, to last; to endure; to continue; to maintain
one's self; not to yield or give way.
{To hold over}, to remain in office, possession, etc., beyond
a certain date.
{To hold to or with}, to take sides with, as a person or
opinion.
{To hold together}, to be joined; not to separate; to remain
in union. --Dryden. --Locke.
{To hold up}.
(a) To support one's self; to remain unbent or unbroken;
as, to hold up under misfortunes.
(b) To cease raining; to cease to stop; as, it holds up.
--Hudibras.
(c) To keep up; not to fall behind; not to lose ground.
--Collier.
Hold \Hold\, n.
1. The act of holding, as in or with the hands or arms; the
manner of holding, whether firm or loose; seizure; grasp;
clasp; gripe; possession; -- often used with the verbs
take and lay.
Ne have I not twelve pence within mine hold.
--Chaucer.
Thou should'st lay hold upon him. --B. Jonson.
My soul took hold on thee. --Addison.
Take fast hold of instruction. --Pror. iv.
13.
2. The authority or ground to take or keep; claim.
The law hath yet another hold on you. --Shak.
3. Binding power and influence.
Fear . . . by which God and his laws take the surest
hold of. --Tillotson.
4. Something that may be grasped; means of support.
If a man be upon an high place without rails or good
hold, he is ready to fall. --Bacon.
5. A place of confinement; a prison; confinement; custody;
guard.
They . . . put them in hold unto the next day.
--Acts. iv. 3.
King Richard, he is in the mighty hold Of
Bolingbroke. --Shak.
6. A place of security; a fortified place; a fort; a castle;
-- often called a {stronghold}. --Chaucer.
New comers in an ancient hold --Tennyson.
7. (Mus.) A character [thus ?] placed over or under a note or
rest, and indicating that it is to be prolonged; -- called
also {pause}, and {corona}.
Holdback \Hold"back`\, n.
1. Check; hindrance; restraint; obstacle.
The only holdback is the affection . . . that we
bear to our wealth. --Hammond.
2. The projection or loop on the thill of a vehicle. to which
a strap of the harness is attached, to hold back a
carriage when going down hill, or in backing; also, the
strap or part of the harness so used.
Holder \Hold"er\, n.
One who is employed in the hold of a vessel.
Holder \Hold"er\, n.
1. One who, or that which, holds.
2. One who holds land, etc., under another; a tenant.
3. (Com.) The payee of a bill of exchange or a promissory
note, or the one who owns or holds it.
Note: Holder is much used as the second part of a compound;
as, shareholder, officeholder, stockholder,etc.
Holder-forth \Hold"er-forth`\, n.
One who speaks in public; an haranguer; a preacher.
--Addison.
Holdfast \Hold"fast`\, n.
1. Something used to secure and hold in place something else,
as a long fiat-headed nail, a catch a hook, a clinch, a
clamp, etc.; hence, a support. ``His holdfast was gone.''
--Bp. Montagu.
2. (Bot.) A conical or branching body, by which a seaweed is
attached to its support, and differing from a root in that
it is not specially absorbent of moisture.
Holding \Hold"ing\, n.
1. The act or state of sustaining, grasping, or retaining.
2. A tenure; a farm or other estate held of another.
3. That which holds, binds, or influences. --Burke.
4. The burden or chorus of a song. [Obs.] --Shak.
{Holding note} (Mus.), a note sustained in one part, while
the other parts move.
Hole \Hole\ (h[=o]l), a.
Whole. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hole \Hole\, n. [OE. hol, hole, AS. hol, hole, cavern, from hol,
a., hollow; akin to D. hol, OHG. hol, G. hohl, Dan. huul
hollow, hul hole, Sw. h[*a]l, Icel. hola; prob. from the root
of AS. helan to conceal. See {Hele}, {Hell}, and cf. {Hold}
of a ship.]
1. A hollow place or cavity; an excavation; a pit; an opening
in or through a solid body, a fabric, etc.; a perforation;
a rent; a fissure.
The holes where eyes should be. --Shak.
The blind walls Were full of chinks and holes.
--Tennyson.
The priest took a chest, and bored a hole in the
lid. --2 Kings xii.
9.
2. An excavation in the ground, made by an animal to live in,
or a natural cavity inhabited by an animal; hence, a low,
narrow, or dark lodging or place; a mean habitation.
--Dryden.
The foxes have holes, . . . but the Son of man hath
not where to lay his head. --Luke ix. 58.
Syn: Hollow; concavity; aperture; rent; fissure; crevice;
orifice; interstice; perforation; excavation; pit; cave;
den; cell.
{Hole and corner}, clandestine, underhand. [Colloq.] ``The
wretched trickery of hole and corner buffery.'' --Dickens.
{Hole board} (Fancy Weaving), a board having holes through
which cords pass which lift certain warp threads; --
called also {compass board}.
Hole \Hole\, v. t. [AS. holian. See {Hole}, n.]
1. To cut, dig, or bore a hole or holes in; as, to hole a
post for the insertion of rails or bars. --Chapman.
2. To drive into a hole, as an animal, or a billiard ball.
Hole \Hole\, v. i.
To go or get into a hole. --B. Jonson.
Holethnic \Hol*eth"nic\, a.
Of or pertaining to a holethnos or parent race.
The holethnic history of the Arians. --London
Academy.
Holethnos \Hol*eth"nos\, n. [Holo + Gr. ? race.]
A parent stock or race of people, not yet divided into
separate branches or tribes.
Holibut \Hol"i*but\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
See {Halibut}.
Holidam \Hol"i*dam\, n. [Obs.]
See {Halidom}.
Holiday \Hol"i*day\, n. [Holy + day.]
1. A consecrated day; religious anniversary; a day set apart
in honor of some person, or in commemoration of some
event. See {Holyday}.
2. A day of exemption from labor; a day of amusement and
gayety; a festival day.
And young and old come forth to play On a sunshine
holiday. --Milton.
3. (Law) A day fixed by law for suspension of business; a
legal holiday.
Note: In the United States legal holidays, so called, are
determined by law, commonly by the statutes of the
several States. The holidays most generally observed
are: the 22d day of February (Washington's birthday),
the 30th day of May (Memorial day), the 4th day of July
(Independence day), the 25th day of December (Christmas
day). In most of the States the 1st day of January is a
holiday. When any of these days falls on Sunday,
usually the Monday following is observed as the
holiday. In many of the States a day in the spring (as
Good Friday, or the first Thursday in April), and a day
in the fall (as the last Thursday in November) are now
regularly appointed by Executive proclamation to be
observed, the former as a day of fasting and prayer,
the latter as a day of thanksgiving and are kept as
holidays. In England, the days of the greater church
feasts (designated in the calendar by a red letter, and
commonly called red-letter days) are observed as
general holidays. Bank holidays are those on which, by
act of Parliament, banks may suspend business. Although
Sunday is a holiday in the sense of a day when business
is legally suspended, it is not usually included in the
general term, the phrase ``Sundays and holidays'' being
more common.
{The holidays}, any fixed or usual period for relaxation or
festivity; especially, Christmas and New Year's day with
the intervening time.
Holiday \Hol`i*day\, a.
1. Of or pertaining to a festival; cheerful; joyous; gay.
--Shak.
2. Occurring rarely; adapted for a special occasion.
Courage is but a holiday kind of virtue, to be
seldom exercised. --Dryden.
Holily \Ho"li*ly\, adv. [From {Holy}.]
1. Piously; with sanctity; in a holy manner.
2. Sacredly; inviolably. [R.] --Shak.
Holiness \Ho"li*ness\, n. [AS. h[=a]lignes.]
1. The state or quality of being holy; perfect moral
integrity or purity; freedom from sin; sanctity;
innocence.
Who is like thee, glorious in holiness! --Ex. xv.
11.
2. The state of being hallowed, or consecrated to God or to
his worship; sacredness.
Israel was holiness unto the Lord. --Jer.ii.3.
{His holiness}, a title of the pope; -- formerly given also
to Greek bishops and Greek emperors.
Syn: Piety; devotion; godliness; sanctity; sacredness;
righteousness.
Holing \Hol"ing\, n. [See {Hole} a hollow.] (Mining)
Undercutting in a bed of coal, in order to bring down the
upper mass. --Raymond.
Holla \Hol"la\, interj. [F. hola; ho ho + l[`a] there, fr. L.
illac that way, there. Cf. {Hollo}.]
Hollo.
Holla \Hol"la\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hollaed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hollaing}.]
See {Hollo}, v. i.
Holland \Hol"land\, n.
A kind of linen first manufactured in Holland; a linen fabric
used for window shades, children's garments, etc.; as, brown
or unbleached hollands.
Hollander \Hol"land*er\, n.
1. A native or one of the people of Holland; a Dutchman.
2. A very hard, semi-glazed, green or dark brown brick, which
will not absorb water; -- called also, {Dutch clinker}.
--Wagner.
Hollandish \Hol"land*ish\, a.
Relating to Holland; Dutch.
Hollands \Hol"lands\, n.
1. Gin made in Holland.
2. pl. See {Holland}.
Hollo \Hol*lo"\, interj. & n. [See {Halloo}, and cf. {Holla}.]
Ho there; stop; attend; hence, a loud cry or a call to
attract attention; a halloo.
And every day, for food or play, Came to the mariner's
hollo. --Coleridge.
Hollo \Hol"lo\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Holloed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Holloing}.] [See {Hollo}, interj., and cf. {Halloo}.]
To call out or exclaim; to halloo. This form is now mostly
replaced by {hello}.
Holloa \Hol*loa"\, interj., n. & v. i.
Same as {Hollo}.
Hollow \Hol"low\, a. [OE. holow, holgh, holf, AS. holh a hollow,
hole. Cf. {Hole}.]
1. Having an empty space or cavity, natural or artificial,
within a solid substance; not solid; excavated in the
interior; as, a hollow tree; a hollow sphere.
Hollow with boards shalt thou make it. --Ex. xxvii.
8.
2. Depressed; concave; gaunt; sunken.
With hollow eye and wrinkled brow. --Shak.
3. Reverberated from a cavity, or resembling such a sound;
deep; muffled; as, a hollow roar. --Dryden.
4. Not sincere or faithful; false; deceitful; not sound; as,
a hollow heart; a hollow friend. --Milton.
{Hollow newel} (Arch.), an opening in the center of a winding
staircase in place of a newel post, the stairs being
supported by the wall; an open newel; also, the
stringpiece or rail winding around the well of such a
staircase.
{Hollow quoin} (Engin.), a pier of stone or brick made behind
the lock gates of a canal, and containing a hollow or
recess to receive the ends of the gates.
{Hollow root}. (Bot.) See {Moschatel}.
{Hollow square}. See {Square}.
{Hollow ware}, hollow vessels; -- a trade name for cast-iron
kitchen utensils, earthenware, etc.
Syn: Syn.- Concave; sunken; low; vacant; empty; void; false;
faithless; deceitful; treacherous.
Hollow \Hol"low\, n.
1. A cavity, natural or artificial; an unfilled space within
anything; a hole, a cavern; an excavation; as the hollow
of the hand or of a tree.
2. A low spot surrounded by elevations; a depressed part of a
surface; a concavity; a channel.
Forests grew Upon the barren hollows. --Prior.
I hate the dreadful hollow behind the little wood.
--Tennyson.
Hollow \Hol"low\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hollowed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hollowing}.]
To make hollow, as by digging, cutting, or engraving; to
excavate. ``Trees rudely hollowed.'' --Dryden.
Hollow \Hol"low\, adv.
Wholly; completely; utterly; -- chiefly after the verb to
beat, and often with all; as, this story beats the other all
hollow. See {All}, adv. [Collog.]
The more civilized so-called Caucasian races have
beaten the Turks hollow in the struggle for existence.
--Darwin.
Hollow \Hol*low"\, interj. [See {Hollo}.]
Hollo.
Hollow \Hol"low\, v. i.
To shout; to hollo.
Whisperings and hollowings are alike to a deaf ear.
--Fuller.
Hollow \Hol"low\, v. t.
To urge or call by shouting.
He has hollowed the hounds. --Sir W.
Scott.
Hollow-hearted \Hol"low-heart`ed\, a.
Insincere; deceitful; not sound and true; having a cavity or
decayed spot within.
Syn: Faithless; dishonest; false; treacherous.
Hollow-horned \Hol"low-horned`\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Having permanent horns with a bony core, as cattle.
Hollowly \Hol"low*ly\, adv.
Insincerely; deceitfully. --Shak.
Hollowness \Hol"low*ness\, n.
1. State of being hollow. --Bacon.
2. Insincerity; unsoundness; treachery. --South.
Holly \Hol"ly\, adv.
Wholly. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Holly \Hol"ly\, n. [OE holi, holin, AS. holen, holegn; akin to
D. & G. hulst, OHG. huls hulis, W. celyn, Armor. kelen, Gael.
cuilionn, Ir. cuileann. Cf. 1st {Holm}, {Hulver}.]
1. (Bot.) A tree or shrub of the genus {Ilex}. The European
species ({Ilex Aguifolium}) is best known, having glossy
green leaves, with a spiny, waved edge, and bearing
berries that turn red or yellow about Michaelmas.
Note: The holly is much used to adorn churches and houses, at
Christmas time, and hence is associated with scenes of
good will and rejoicing. It is an evergreen tree, and
has a finegrained, heavy, white wood. Its bark is used
as a febrifuge, and the berries are violently purgative
and emetic. The American holly is the {Ilex opaca}, and
is found along the coast of the United States, from
Maine southward. --Gray.
2. (Bot.) The holm oak. See 1st {Holm}.
{Holly-leaved oak} (Bot.), the black scrub oak. See {Scrub
oak}.
{Holly rose} (Bot.), a West Indian shrub, with showy, yellow
flowers ({Turnera ulmifolia}).
{Sea holly} (Bot.), a species of Eryngium. See {Eryngium}.
Hollyhock \Hol"ly*hock\, n. [OE. holihoc; holi holy + hoc
mallow, AS. hoc; cf. W. hocys mallows, hocys bendigaid
hollyhock, lit., blessed mallow. Prob. so named because
brought from the Holy Land. See {Holy}.] (Bot.)
A species of Alth[ae]a ({A. rosea}), bearing flowers of
various colors; -- called also {rose mallow}.
Holm \Holm\, n. [OE., prob. from AS. holen holly; as the holly
is also called holm. See {Holly}.] (Bot.)
A common evergreen oak, of Europe ({Quercus Ilex}); -- called
also {ilex}, and {holly}.
Holm \Holm\, n. [AS. holm, usually meaning, sea, water; akin to
Icel. h[=o]lmr, holmr, an island, Dan. holm, Sw. holme, G.
holm, and prob. to E. hill. Cf. {Hill}.]
1. An islet in a river. --J. Brand.
2. Low, flat land. --Wordsworth.
The soft wind blowing over meadowy holms.
--Tennyson.
{Holm thrush} (Zo["o]l.), the missel thrush.
Holmia \Hol"mi*a\, n. [NL.] (Chem.)
An oxide of holmium.
Holmium \Hol"mi*um\, n. [NL., of uncertain origin.] (Chem.)
A rare element said to be contained in gadolinite. --
{Hol"mic}, a.
Holmos \Hol"mos\, n. [NL., fr. Gr.?.] (Greek & Etrus. Antiq.)
A name given to a vase having a rounded body; esp.:
(a) A closed vessel of nearly spherical form on a high stem
or pedestal. --Fairholt.
(b) A drinking cup having a foot and stem.
Holo- \Hol"o-\
A combining form fr. Gr. "o`los whole.
Holoblast \Hol"o*blast\, n. [Holo + -blast.] (Biol.)
an ovum composed entirely of germinal matter. See
{Meroblast}.
Holoblastic \Hol`o*blas"tic\, a. (Biol.)
Undergoing complete segmentation; composed entirely of
germinal matter, the whole of the yolk undergoing fission; --
opposed to meroblastic.
Holocaust \Hol"o*caust\, n. [L. holocaustum, Gr. ?, neut. of ?,
?, burnt whole; "o'los whole + kaysto`s burnt, fr. kai`ein to
burn (cf. {Caustic}): cf. F. holocauste.]
1. A burnt sacrifice; an offering, the whole of which was
consumed by fire, among the Jews and some pagan nations.
--Milton.
2. Sacrifice or loss of many lives, as by the burning of a
theater or a ship.
Note: [An extended use not authorized by careful writers.]
Holocephali \Hol`o*ceph"a*li\, n. pl. [NL., from Gr. "o`los
whole + ? head.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of elasmobranch fishes, including, among living
species, only the chim[ae]ras; -- called also {Holocephala}.
See {Chim[ae]ra}; also Illustration in Appendix.
Holocryptic \Hol`o*cryp"tic\, a. [Holo-+ Gr. ? to conceal.]
Wholly or completely concealing; incapable of being
deciphered.
{Holocryptic cipher}, a cipher so constructed as to afford no
clew to its meaning to one ignorant of the key.
Holocrystalline \Hol`o*crys"tal*line\, a. [Holo + crystalline.]
(Min.)
Completely crystalline; -- said of a rock like granite, all
the constituents of which are crystalline.
Holograph \Hol"o*graph\, n. [L. holographus entirely autograph,
Gr. "olo`grafos; "o`los whole + gra`fein to write: cf. F.
holographe, olographe.]
A document, as a letter, deed, or will, wholly in the
handwriting of the person from whom it proceeds and whose act
it purports to be.
Holographic \Hol`o*graph"ic\, a.
Of the nature of a holograph; pertaining to holographs.
Holohedral \Hol`o*he"dral\, a. [Holo + Gr.? seat, base, fr. ? to
sit.] (Crystallog.)
Having all the planes required by complete symmetry, -- in
opposition to hemihedral.
Holohemihedral \Hol`o*hem`i*he"dral\, a. [Holo- + hemihedral.]
(Crystallog.)
Presenting hemihedral forms, in which all the sectants have
halt the whole number of planes. --Dana.
Holometabola \Hol`o*me*tab"o*la\, n. pl. [NL. See {Holo-}, and
{Metabola}.] (Zo["o]l.)
Those insects which have a complete metamorphosis; metabola.
Holometabolic \Hol`o*met`a*bol"ic\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Having a complete metamorphosis;-said of certain insects, as
the butterflies and bees.
Holometer \Ho*lom"e*ter\, n. [Holo + -meter: cf. F. holometre.]
An instrument for making of angular measurements.
Holophanerous \Hol`o*phan"er*ous\, a. [Holo + Gr. ? visible, fr.
? to appear.] (Zo["o]l.)
Same as {Holometabolic}.
Holophotal \Hol`o*pho"tal\, a. [Holo + Gr. ?, ?, light.] (Opt.)
Causing no loss of light; -- applied to reflectors which
throw back the rays of light without perceptible loss.
Holophote \Hol"o*phote\, n.
A lamp with lenses or reflectors to collect the rays of light
and throw them in a given direction; -- used in lighthouses.
Holophrastic \Hol`o*phras"tic\, a. [Holo + Gr. ? to speak: cf.
F. holophrastique.]
Expressing a phrase or sentence in a single word, -- as is
the case in the aboriginal languages of America.
Holophytic \Hol`o*phyt"ic\, a. [Holo + Gr.? a plant.]
Wholly or distinctively vegetable.
{Holophytic nutrition}, that form of nutrition,
characteristic of vegetable organisms, in which carbonic
acid, ammonia, and nitrates are absorbed as food, in
distinction from the animal mode of nutrition, by the
ingestion of albuminous matter.
Holorhinal \Hol`o*rhi"nal\, a. [Holo + Gr.?, nose.] (Anat.)
Having the nasal bones contiguous.
Holosiderite \Hol`o*sid"er*ite\, n. [Holo + siderite.] (Min.)
Meteoric iron; a meteorite consisting of metallic iron
without stony matter.
Holostean \Ho*los"te*an\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Pertaining to the Holostei.
Holostei \Ho*los"te*i\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "o`los whole + ? a
bone.] (Zo["o]l.)
An extensive division of ganoids, including the gar pike,
bowfin, etc.; the bony ganoids. See Illustration in Appendix.
Holosteric \Hol`o*ster"ic\, a. [Holo + Gr.stereo`s solid.]
Wholly solid; -- said of a barometer constructed of solid
materials to show the variations of atmospheric pressure
without the use of liquids, as the aneroid.
Holostomata \Hol`o*stom"a*ta\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "o`los whole
+ sto`ma, -atos, mouth.] (Zo["o]l.)
An artificial division of gastropods, including those that
have an entire aperture.
Holostomate \Ho*los"to*mate\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Same as {Holostomatous}.
Holostomatous \Hol`o*stom"a*tous\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Having an entire aperture; -- said of many univalve shells.
Holostome \Hol"o*stome\, n. [Holo + Gr. sto`ma mouth.]
(Zo["o]l.)
One of the Holostomata.
Holostraca \Ho*los"tra*ca\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "o`los whole +
? shell of a testacean.] (Zo["o]l.)
A division of phyllopod Crustacea, including those that are
entirely covered by a bivalve shell.
Holothure \Hol"o*thure\, n. [L. holothuria, pl., a sort of water
polyp, Gr. ?.] (Zo["o]l.)
A holothurian.
Holothurian \Hol`o*thu"ri*an\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Belonging to the Holothurioidea. -- n. One of the
Holothurioidea.
Note: Some of the species of Holothurians are called {sea
cucumbers}, {sea slugs}, {trepang}, and {b[^e]che de
m[`e]r}. Many are used as food, esp. by the Chinese.
See {Trepang}.
Holothurioidea \Hol`o*thu`ri*oi"de*a\, n. pl. [NL. See
{Holothure}, and {-oid}.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the classes of echinoderms.
Note: They have a more or less elongated body, often
flattened beneath, and a circle of tentacles, which are
usually much branched, surrounding the mouth; the skin
is more or less flexible, and usually contains
calcareous plates of various characteristic forms,
sometimes becoming large and scalelike. Most of the
species have five bands (ambulacra) of sucker-bearing
feet along the sides; in others these are lacking. In
one group (Pneumonophora) two branching internal gills
are developed; in another (Apneumona) these are
wanting. Called also {Holothurida}, {Holothuridea}, and
{Holothuroidea}.
Holotricha \Ho*lot"ri*cha\ (h[-o]*l[o^]t"r[i^]*k[.a]), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. "o`los whole + qri`x, tricho`s, a hair.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A group of ciliated Infusoria, having cilia all over the
body.
Holour \Hol"our\, n. [OF. holier.]
A whoremonger. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Holp \Holp\, Holpen \Hol"pen\,
imp. & p. p. of {Help}. [Obs.] --Shak.
Holsom \Hol"som\, a.
Wholesome. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Holster \Hol"ster\, n. [D. holster; skin to AS. heolstor den,
cave, fr. helan to conceal, and to Icel. hulstr case, Goth.
hulistr covering, veil, huljan to cover. [root]17. See {Hele}
to cover, {Hell}, and cf. {Housing}, {Houss}.]
A leather case for a pistol, carried by a horseman at the bow
of his saddle
.
Holstered \Hol"stered\, a.
Bearing holsters. --Byron.
Holt \Holt\,
3d pers. sing. pres. of {Hold}, contr. from holdeth. [Obs.]
--Chaucer.
Holt \Holt\, n. [AS. holt; akin to LG. holt, D. hout, G. holz.
Icel. holt; cf Gael. & Ir. coill wood, Gr. ? branch, shoot.]
1. A piece of woodland; especially, a woody hill. ``Every
holt and heath.'' --Chaucer.
She sent her voice though all the holt Before her,
and the park. --Tennyson.
2. A deep hole in a river where there is protection for fish;
also, a cover, a hole, or hiding place. `` The fox has
gone to holt.'' --C. Kingsley.
Holwe \Hol"we\, a.
Hollow. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Holy \Ho"ly\, a. [Compar. {Holier}; superl. {Holiest}.] [OE.
holi, hali, AS. h[=a]lig, fr. h[ae]l health, salvation,
happiness, fr. h[=a]l whole, well; akin to OS. h?lag, D. & G.
heilig, OHG. heilac, Dan. hellig, Sw. helig, Icel. heilagr.
See {Whole}, and cf. {Halibut}, {Halidom}, {Hallow},
{Hollyhock}.]
1. Set apart to the service or worship of God; hallowed;
sacred; reserved from profane or common use; holy vessels;
a holy priesthood. ``Holy rites and solemn feasts.''
--Milton.
2. Spiritually whole or sound; of unimpaired innocence and
virtue; free from sinful affections; pure in heart; godly;
pious; irreproachable; guiltless; acceptable to God.
Now through her round of holy thought The Church our
annual steps has brought. --Keble.
{Holy Alliance} (Hist.), a league ostensibly for conserving
religion, justice, and peace in Europe, but really for
repressing popular tendencies toward constitutional
government, entered into by Alexander I. of Russia,
Francis I. of Austria, and Frederic William III. of
Prussia, at Paris, on the 26th of September, 1815, and
subsequently joined by all the sovereigns of Europe,
except the pope and the king of England.
{Holy bark}. See {Cascara sagrada}.
{Holy Communion}. See {Eucharist}.
{Holy family} (Art), a picture in which the infant Christ,
his parents, and others of his family are represented.
{Holy Father}, a title of the pope.
{Holy Ghost} (Theol.),the third person of the Trinity; the
Comforter; the Paraclete.
{Holy Grail}. See {Grail}.
{Holy grass} (Bot.), a sweet-scented grass ({Hierochloa
borealis} and {H. alpina}). In the north of Europe it was
formerly strewed before church doors on saints' days;
whence the name. It is common in the northern and western
parts of the United States. Called also {vanilla, or
Seneca, grass}.
{Holy Innocents' day}, Childermas day.
{Holy Land}, Palestine, the birthplace of Christianity.
{Holy office}, the Inquisition.
{Holy of holies} (Script.), the innermost apartment of the
Jewish tabernacle or temple, where the ark was kept, and
where no person entered, except the high priest once a
year.
{Holy One}.
(a) The Supreme Being; -- so called by way of emphasis. ``
The Holy One of Israel.'' --Is. xliii. 14.
(b) One separated to the service of God.
{Holy orders}. See {Order}.
{Holy rood}, the cross or crucifix, particularly one placed,
in churches. over the entrance to the chancel.
{Holy rope}, a plant, the hemp agrimony.
{Holy Saturday} (Eccl.), the Saturday immediately preceding
the festival of Easter; the vigil of Easter.
{Holy Spirit}, same as {Holy Ghost} (above).
{Holy Spirit plant}. See {Dove plant}.
{Holy thistle} (Bot.), the blessed thistle. See under
{Thistle}.
{Holy Thursday}. (Eccl.)
(a) (Episcopal Ch.) Ascension day.
(b) (R. C. Ch.) The Thursday in Holy Week; Maundy
Thursday.
{Holy war}, a crusade; an expedition carried on by Christians
against the Saracens in the Holy Land, in the eleventh,
twelfth, and thirteenth centuries, for the possession of
the holy places.
{Holy water} (Gr. & R. C. Churches), water which has been
blessed by the priest for sacred purposes.
{Holy-water stoup}, the stone stoup or font placed near the
entrance of a church, as a receptacle for holy water.
{Holy Week} (Eccl.), the week before Easter, in which the
passion of our Savior is commemorated.
{Holy writ}, the sacred Scriptures. `` Word of holy writ.''
--Wordsworth.
Holy cross \Ho"ly cross"\ (?; 115).
The cross as the symbol of Christ's crucifixion.
{Congregation of the Holy Cross} (R. C. Ch.), a community of
lay brothers and priests, in France and the United States,
engaged chiefly in teaching and manual Labor. Originally
called {Brethren of St. Joseph}. The Sisters of the Holy
Cross engage in similar work. --Addis & Arnold.
{Holy-cross day}, the fourteenth of September, observed as a
church festival, in memory of the exaltation of our
Savior's cross.
Holyday \Ho"ly*day`\, n.
1. A religious festival.
2. A secular festival; a holiday.
Note: Holiday is the preferable and prevailing spelling in
the second sense. The spelling holy day or holyday in
often used in the first sense.
Holystone \Ho"ly*stone`\, n. (Naut.)
A stone used by seamen for scrubbing the decks of ships.
--Totten.
Holystone \Ho"ly*stone`\, v. t. (Naut.)
To scrub with a holystone, as the deck of a vessel.
Homacanth \Hom"a*canth\, a. [Homo + Gr. ? a spine.] (Zo["o]l.)
Having the dorsal fin spines symmetrical, and in the same
line; -- said of certain fishes.
Homage \Hom"age\, n. [OF. homage, homenage, F. hommage, LL.
hominaticum, homenaticum, from L. homo a man, LL. also, a
client, servant, vassal; akin to L. humus earth, Gr.? on the
ground, and E. groom in bridegroom. Cf. {Bridegroom},
{Human}.]
1. (Feud. Law) A symbolical acknowledgment made by a feudal
tenant to, and in the presence of, his lord, on receiving
investiture of fee, or coming to it by succession, that he
was his man, or vassal; profession of fealty to a
sovereign.
2. Respect or reverential regard; deference; especially,
respect paid by external action; obeisance.
All things in heaven and earth do her [Law] homage.
--Hooker.
I sought no homage from the race that write. --Pope.
3. Reverence directed to the Supreme Being; reverential
worship; devout affection. --Chaucer.
Syn: Fealty; submission; reverence; honor; respect.
Usage: {Homage}, {Fealty}. Homage was originally the act of a
feudal tenant by which he declared himself, on his
knees, to be the hommage or bondman of the lord; hence
the term is used to denote reverential submission or
respect. Fealty was originally the fidelity of such a
tenant to his lord, and hence the term denotes a
faithful and solemn adherence to the obligations we
owe to superior power or authority. We pay our homage
to men of pre["e]minent usefulness and virtue, and
profess our fealty to the principles by which they
have been guided.
Go, go with homage yon proud victors meet ! Go,
lie like dogs beneath your masters' feet !
--Dryden.
Man, disobeying, Disloyal, breaks his fealty,
and sins Against the high supremacy of heaven.
--Milton.
Homage \Hom"age\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Homaged}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Homaging}.] [Cf. OF. hommager.]
1. To pay reverence to by external action. [R.]
2. To cause to pay homage. [Obs.] --Cowley.
Homageable \Hom"age*a*ble\, a. [Cf. OF. hommageable.]
Subject to homage. --Howell.
Homager \Hom"a*ger\, n. [From {Homage}: cf. F. hommager.]
One who does homage, or holds land of another by homage; a
vassal. --Bacon.
Homalographic \Hom`a*lo*graph"ic\, a.
Same as {Homolographic}.
Homaloid \Hom"a*loid\ (h[o^]m"[.a]*loid), Homaloidal
\Hom`a*loid"al\ (-loid"al), a. [Gr. "omalo`s even + -oid.]
(Geom.)
Flat; even; -- a term applied to surfaces and to spaces,
whether real or imagined, in which the definitions, axioms,
and postulates of Euclid respecting parallel straight lines
are assumed to hold true.
Homarus \Hom"a*rus\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "omarh`s well adjusted.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A genus of decapod Crustacea, including the common lobsters.
-- {Hom"a*roid}, a.
Homatropine \Ho*mat"ro*pine\, n. [Homo- + atropine.] (Med.)
An alkaloid, prepared from atropine, and from other sources.
It is chemically related to atropine, and is used for the
same purpose.
Homaxonial \Hom`ax*o"ni*al\, a. [Homo- + Gr. ? an axle, axis.]
(Biol.)
Relating to that kind of homology or symmetry, the
mathematical conception of organic form, in which all axes
are equal. See under {Promorphology}.
Home \Home\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
See {Homelyn}.
Home \Home\ (110), n. [OE. hom, ham, AS. h[=a]m; akin to OS.
hem, D. & G. heim, Sw. hem, Dan. hiem, Icel. heimr abode,
world, heima home, Goth. haims village, Lith. k["e]mas, and
perh. to Gr.? village, or to E. hind a peasant; cf. Skr.
ksh?ma abode, place of rest, security, kshi to dwell. ?, ? ]
1. One's own dwelling place; the house in which one lives;
esp., the house in which one lives with his family; the
habitual abode of one's family; also, one's birthplace.
The disciples went away again to their own home.
--John xx. 10.
Home is the sacred refuge of our life. --Dryden.
Home! home! sweet, sweet home! There's no place like
home. --Payne.
2. One's native land; the place or country in which one
dwells; the place where one's ancestors dwell or dwelt.
``Our old home [England].'' --Hawthorne.
3. The abiding place of the affections, especially of the
domestic affections.
He entered in his house -- his home no more, For
without hearts there is no home. --Byron.
4. The locality where a thing is usually found, or was first
found, or where it is naturally abundant; habitat; seat;
as, the home of the pine.
Her eyes are homes of silent prayer. --Tennyson.
Flandria, by plenty made the home of war. --Prior.
5. A place of refuge and rest; an asylum; as, a home for
outcasts; a home for the blind; hence, esp., the grave;
the final rest; also, the native and eternal dwelling
place of the soul.
Man goeth to his long home, and the mourners go
about the streets. --Eccl. xii.
5.
6. (Baseball) The home base; he started for home.
{At home}.
(a) At one's own house, or lodgings.
(b) In one's own town or country; as, peace abroad and at
home.
(c) Prepared to receive callers.
{Home department}, the department of executive
administration, by which the internal affairs of a country
are managed. [Eng.]
{To be at home on any subject}, to be conversant or familiar
with it.
{To feel at home}, to be at one's ease.
{To make one's self at home}, to conduct one's self with as
much freedom as if at home.
Syn: Tenement; house; dwelling; abode; domicile.
Home \Home\, a.
1. Of or pertaining to one's dwelling or country; domestic;
not foreign; as home manufactures; home comforts.
2. Close; personal; pointed; as, a home thrust.
{Home base} (Baseball), the base at which the batsman stands
and which is the last goal in making a run.
{Home farm}, {grounds}, etc., the farm, grounds, etc.,
adjacent to the residence of the owner.
{Home lot}, an inclosed plot on which the owner's home
stands. [U. S.]
{Home rule}, rule or government of an appendent or dependent
country, as to all local and internal legislation, by
means of a governing power vested in the people within the
country itself, in contradistinction to a government
established by the dominant country; as, home rule in
Ireland. Also used adjectively; as, home-rule members of
Parliament.
{Home ruler}, one who favors or advocates home rule.
{Home run} (Baseball), a complete circuit of the bases made
before the batted ball is returned to the home base.
{Home stretch} (Sport.), that part of a race course between
the last curve and the winning post.
{Home thrust}, a well directed or effective thrust; one that
wounds in a vital part; hence, in controversy, a personal
attack.
Home \Home\, adv.
1. To one's home or country; as in the phrases, go home, come
home, carry home.
2. Close; closely.
How home the charge reaches us, has been made out.
--South.
They come home to men's business and bosoms.
--Bacon.
3. To the place where it belongs; to the end of a course; to
the full length; as, to drive a nail home; to ram a
cartridge home.
Wear thy good rapier bare and put it home. --Shak.
Note: Home is often used in the formation of compound words,
many of which need no special definition; as,
home-brewed, home-built, home-grown, etc.
{To bring home}. See under {Bring}.
{To come home}.
(a) To touch or affect personally. See under {Come}.
(b) (Naut.) To drag toward the vessel, instead of holding
firm, as the cable is shortened; -- said of an anchor.
{To haul home the sheets of a sail} (Naut.), to haul the
clews close to the sheave hole. --Totten.
Homeborn \Home"born`\ (h[=o]m"b[^o]rn`), a.
1. Native; indigenous; not foreign. --Donne. --Pope.
2. Of or pertaining to the home or family.
Fireside enjoyments, homeborn happiness. --Cowper.
Home-bound \Home"-bound`\, a.
Kept at home.
Home-bred \Home"-bred`\, a.
1. Bred at home; domestic; not foreign. `` Home-bred
mischief.'' --Milton.
Benignity and home-bred sense. --Wordsworth.
2. Not polished; rude; uncultivated.
Only to me home-bred youths belong. --Dryden.
Home-coming \Home-com`ing\, n.
Return home.
Kepeth this child, al be it foul or fayr, And eek my
wyf, unto myn hoom-cominge. --Chaucer.
Home-driven \Home"-driv`en\, a.
Driven to the end, as a nail; driven close.
Home-dwelling \Home"-dwell`ing\, a.
Keeping at home.
Home-felt \Home"-felt`\ (-f[e^]lt`), a.
Felt in one's own breast; inward; private. ``Home-felt
quiet.'' --Pope.
Homefield \Home"field`\ (-f[=e]ld`), n.
A field adjacent to its owner's home. --Hawthorne.
Home-keeping \Home"-keep`ing\ (-k[=e]p`[i^]ng), a.
Staying at home; not gadding.
Home-keeping youth have ever homely wits. --Shak.
Home-keeping \Home"-keep`ing\, n.
A staying at home.
Homeless \Home"less\, a. [AS. h[=a]mleas.]
Destitute of a home. -- {Home"less*ness}, n.
Homelike \Home"like`\, a.
Like a home; comfortable; cheerful; cozy; friendly.
Homelily \Home"li*ly\, adv.
Plainly; inelegantly. [R.]
Homeliness \Home"li*ness\, n. [From {Homely}.]
1. Domesticity; care of home. [Obs.] ``Wifely homeliness.''
--Chaucer.
2. Familiarity; intimacy. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
3. Plainness; want of elegance or beauty.
4. Coarseness; simplicity; want of refinement; as, the
homeliness of manners, or language. --Addison.
Homeling \Home"ling\, n.
A person or thing belonging to a home or to a particular
country; a native; as, a word which is a homeling. --Trench.
Homely \Home"ly\, a. [Compar. {Homelier}; superl. {Homeliest}.]
[From {Home}, n.]
1. Belonging to, or having the characteristics of, home;
domestic; familiar; intimate. [Archaic]
With all these men I was right homely, and communed
with, them long and oft. --Foxe.
Their homely joys, and destiny obscure. --Gray.
2. Plain; unpretending; rude in appearance; unpolished; as, a
homely garment; a homely house; homely fare; homely
manners.
Now Strephon daily entertains His Chloe in the
homeliest strains. --Pope.
3. Of plain or coarse features; uncomely; -- contrary to
{handsome}.
None so homely but loves a looking-glass. --South.
Homely \Home"ly\, adv.
Plainly; rudely; coarsely; as, homely dressed. [R.]
--Spenser.
Homelyn \Home"lyn\, n. [Scot. hommelin.] (Zo["o]l)
The European sand ray ({Raia maculata}); -- called also
{home}, {mirror ray}, and {rough ray}.
Homemade \Home"made`\, a.
Made at home; of domestic manufacture; made either in a
private family or in one's own country. --Locke.
Homeopath \Ho"me*o*path\, n. [Cf. F. hom['e]opathe.]
A practitioner of homeopathy. [Written also {hom[oe]opath}.]
Homeopathic \Ho`me*o*path"ic\, a. [Cf. F. hom['e]opathique.]
Of or pertaining to homeopathy; according to the principles
of homeopathy. [Also {hom[oe]pathic}.]
Homeopathically \Ho`me*o*path"ic*al*ly\, adv.
According to the practice of homeopathy. [Also
{hom[oe]opathically}.]
Homeopathist \Ho`me*op"a*thist\, n.
A believer in, or practitioner of, homeopathy. [Written also
{hom[oe]opathist}.]
Homeopathy \Ho*me*op"a*thy\, n. [Gr. ? likeness of condition or
feeling; ? like (fr. ? same; cf. {Same}) + ? to suffer: cf.
F. hom['e]opathie. See {Pathos}.] (Med.)
The art of curing, founded on resemblances; the theory and
its practice that disease is cured (tuto, cito, et jucunde)
by remedies which produce on a healthy person effects similar
to the symptoms of the complaint under which the patient
suffers, the remedies being usually administered in minute
doses. This system was founded by Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, and
is opposed to {allopathy}, or {heteropathy}. [Written also
{hom[oe]opathy}.]
Homer \Hom"er\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A carrier pigeon remarkable for its ability to return home
from a distance.
Homer \Ho"mer\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
See {Hoemother}.
Homer \Ho"mer\, n. [Heb. kh[=o]mer.]
A Hebrew measure containing, as a liquid measure, ten baths,
equivalent to fifty-five gallons, two quarts, one pint; and,
as a dry measure, ten ephahs, equivalent to six bushels, two
pecks, four quarts. [Written also {chomer}, {gomer}.]
Homeric \Ho*mer"ic\, a. [L. Homericus, Gr. "Omhriko`s.]
Of or pertaining to Homer, the most famous of Greek poets;
resembling the poetry of Homer.
{Homeric verse}, hexameter verse; -- so called because used
by Homer in his epics.
Homesick \Home"sick`\, a.
Pining for home; in a nostalgic condition. --
{Home"sick`ness}, n.
Home-speaking \Home"-speak`ing\, n.
Direct, forcible, and effective speaking. --Milton.
Homespun \Home"spun\, a.
1. Spun or wrought at home; of domestic manufacture; coarse;
plain. ``Homespun country garbs.'' --W. Irving.
2. Plain in manner or style; not elegant; rude; coarse. ``Our
homespun English proverb.'' --Dryden. ``Our homespun
authors.'' --Addison.
Homespun \Home"spun\, n.
1. Cloth made at home; as, he was dressed in homespun.
2. An unpolished, rustic person. [Obs.] --Shak.
Homestall \Home"stall`\, n. [AS. h[=a]msteall.]
Place of a home; homestead. --Cowper.
Homestead \Home"stead\, n. [AS. h[=a]mstede.]
1. The home place; a home and the inclosure or ground
immediately connected with it. --Dryden.
2. The home or seat of a family; place of origin.
We can trace them back to a homestead on the Rivers
Volga and Ural. --W. Tooke.
3. (Law) The home and appurtenant land and buildings owned by
the head of a family, and occupied by him and his family.
{Homestead law}.
(a) A law conferring special privileges or exemptions upon
owners of homesteads; esp., a law exempting a
homestead from attachment or sale under execution for
general debts. Such laws, with limitations as to the
extent or value of the property, exist in most of the
States. Called also {homestead exemption law}.
(b) Also, a designation of an Act of Congress authorizing
and regulating the sale of public lands, in parcels of
160 acres each, to actual settlers. [U.S.]
Homesteader \Home"stead*er\, n.
One who has entered upon a portion of the public land with
the purpose of acquiring ownership of it under provisions of
the homestead law, so called; one who has acquired a
homestead in this manner. [Local, U.S.]
Homeward \Home"ward\, a.
Being in the direction of home; as, the homeward way.
Homeward \Home"ward\, Homewards \Home"wards\, adv. [AS.
h[=a]mweard.]
Toward home; in the direction of one's house, town, or
country.
{Homeward bound}, bound for home; going homeward; as, the
homeward bound fleet.
Homicidal \Hom"i*ci`dal\, a.
Pertaining to homicide; tending to homicide; murderous.
Homicide \Hom"i*cide\, n. [F., fr. L. homicidium, fr. homicida a
man slayer; homo man + caedere to cut, kill. See {Homage},
and cf. {Concise}, {Shed}, v. t.]
1. The killing of one human being by another.
Note: Homicide is of three kinds: justifiable, as when the
killing is performed in the exercise of a right or
performance of a duty; excusable, as when done,
although not as duty or right, yet without culpable or
criminal intent; and felonious, or involving what the
law terms malice; the latter may be either manslaughter
or murder. --Bouvier.
2. One who kills another; a manslayer. --Chaucer. Shak.
Homiform \Hom"i*form\, a. [L. homo man + -form.]
In human form. [Obs.] --Cudworth.
Homilete \Hom"i*lete\, n.
A homilist.
Homiletic \Hom`i*let"ic\, Homiletical \Hom`i*let"ic*al\, a. [Gr.
?: cf. F. homil['e]tique. See {Homily}.]
1. Of or pertaining to familiar intercourse; social; affable;
conversable; companionable. [R.]
His virtues active, chiefly, and homiletical, not
those lazy, sullen ones of the cloister.
--Atterbury.
2. Of or pertaining to homiletics; hortatory.
Homiletics \Hom`i*let"ics\, n. [Cf. F. homil['e]tique.]
The art of preaching; that branch of theology which treats of
homilies or sermons, and the best method of preparing and
delivering them.
Homilist \Hom"i*list\, n.
One who prepares homilies; one who preaches to a
congregation.
Homilite \Hom"i*lite\, n. [From Gr. ? to be in company with.]
(Min.)
A borosilicate of iron and lime, near datolite in form and
composition.
Homily \Hom"i*ly\, n.; pl. {Homilies}. [LL. homilia, Gr. ?
communion, assembly, converse, sermon, fr. ? an assembly, fr.
? same; cf. ? together, and ? crowd, cf. ? to press: cf. F.
hom['e]lie. See {Same}.]
1. A discourse or sermon read or pronounced to an audience; a
serious discourse. --Shak.
2. A serious or tedious exhortation in private on some moral
point, or on the conduct of life.
As I have heard my father Deal out in his long
homilies. --Byron.
{Book of Homilies}. A collection of authorized, printed
sermons, to be read by ministers in churches, esp. one
issued in the time of Edward VI., and a second, issued in
the reign of Elizabeth; -- both books being certified to
contain a ``godly and wholesome doctrine.''
Homing \Hom"ing\, a.
Home-returning; -- used specifically of carrier pigeons.
Hominy \Hom"i*ny\, n. [From North American Indian auh['u]minea
parched corn.]
Maize hulled and broken, and prepared for food by being
boiled in water. [U.S.] [Written also {homony}.]
Homish \Hom"ish\, a.
Like a home or a home circle.
Quiet, cheerful, homish hospital life. --E. E. Hale.
Hommock \Hom"mock\, n.
A small eminence of a conical form, of land or of ice; a
knoll; a hillock. See {Hummock}. --Bartram.
Hommocky \Hom"mock*y\, a.
Filled with hommocks; piled in the form of hommocks; -- said
of ice.
Homo- \Ho"mo-\
A combining form from Gr. "omo`s, one and the same, common,
joint.
Homocategoric \Ho`mo*cat`e*gor"ic\, a. [Homo- + categoric.]
(Biol.)
Belonging to the same category of individuality; -- a
morphological term applied to organisms so related.
Homocentric \Ho`mo*cen"tric\, a. [Gr. ?: ? the same + ? center:
cf. F. homocentrique.]
Having the same center.
Homocercal \Ho`mo*cer"cal\, a. [Homo- + Gr. ? tail.] (Zo["o]l.)
Having the tail nearly or quite symmetrical, the vertebral
column terminating near its base; -- opposed to heterocercal.
Homocercy \Ho"mo*cer`cy\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The possession of a homocercal tail.
Homocerebrin \Ho`mo*cer`e*brin\, n. [Homo- + rebrin.] (Physiol.
Chem.)
A body similar to, or identical with, cerebrin.
Homochromous \Ho`mo*chro"mous\, a. [Homo- + Gr. ? color.] (Bot.)
Having all the florets in the same flower head of the same
color.
Homodemic \Ho`mo*dem"ic\, a. [Homo- + 1st deme, 2.] (Biol.)
A morphological term signifying development, in the case of
multicellular organisms, from the same unit deme or unit of
the inferior orders of individuality.
Homodermic \Ho`mo*der"mic\, a. (Biol.)
Relating to homodermy; originating from the same germ layer.
Homodermy \Ho"mo*der`my\, n. [Homo- + -derm.] (Biol.)
Homology of the germinal layers.
Homodont \Hom"o*dont\, a. [Homo- + Gr. ?, ?, a tooth.] (Anat.)
Having all the teeth similar in front, as in the porpoises;
-- opposed to heterodont.
Homodromal \Ho*mod"ro*mal\, Homodromous \Ho*mod"ro*mous\, a.
[Homo- + Gr. ? a course, running.]
1. (Bot.) Running in the same direction; -- said of stems
twining round a support, or of the spiral succession of
leaves on stems and their branches.
2. (Mech.) Moving in the same direction; -- said of a lever
or pulley in which the resistance and the actuating force
are both on the same side of the fulcrum or axis.
Homodynamic \Ho`mo*dy*nam"ic\, a.
Homodynamous. --Quain.
Homodynamous \Ho`mo*dy"na*mous\, a. (Biol.)
Pertaining to, or involving, homodynamy; as, successive or
homodynamous parts in plants and animals.
Homodynamy \Ho`mo*dy"na*my\, n. [Gr. ? of like power; ? the same
+ ? power.] (Biol.)
The homology of metameres. See {Metamere}. --Gegenbaur.
Homoeomeria \Ho`m[oe]*o*me"ri*a\, n. [L., from Gr. ?; ? like + ?
part.]
The state or quality of being homogeneous in elements or
first principles; likeness or identity of parts.
Homoeomeric \Ho`m[oe]*o*mer"ic\, Homoeomerical
\Ho`m[oe]*o*mer"ic*al\, a.
Pertaining to, or characterized by, sameness of parts;
receiving or advocating the doctrine of homogeneity of
elements or first principles.
Homoeomerous \Ho`m[oe]*om"er*ous\, a. (Anat.)
Having the main artery of the leg parallel with the sciatic
nerve; -- said of certain birds.
Homoeomery \Ho`m[oe]*om"e*ry\, n. [Gr. ? like + -metry.]
Same as {Hom[oe]omeria}. [Obs.] --Cudworth.
Homoeomorphism \Ho`m[oe]*o*mor"phism\, n. [See
{Hom[oe]omorphous}.]
A near similarity of crystalline forms between unlike
chemical compounds. See {Isomorphism}.
Homoeomorphous \Ho`m[oe]*o*mor"phous\, a. [Gr. ? of like form; ?
like + ? form.]
Manifesting hom[oe]omorphism.
Homoeopathic \Ho`m[oe]*o*path"ic\, a., Homoeopathist
\Ho`m[oe]*op"a*thist\, n., Homoeopathy \Ho`m[oe]*op"a*thy\, n.
Same as {Homeopathic}, {Homeopathist}, {Homeopathy}.
Homoeothermal \Ho`m[oe]*o*ther"mal\, a.
See {Homoiothermal}.
Homoeozoic \Ho`m[oe]*o*zo"ic\, a. [Gr. ? like + ? life.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Pertaining to, or including, similar forms or kinds of life;
as, hom[oe]ozoic belts on the earth's surface. --E. Forbes.
Homogamous \Ho*mog"a*mous\, a. [Gr. ? married together; ? the
same + ? marriage.] (Bot.)
Having all the flowers alike; -- said of such composite
plants as Eupatorium, and the thistels.
Homogamy \Ho*mog"a*my\, n. (Bot.)
The condition of being homogamous.
Homogangliate \Ho`mo*gan"gli*ate\, a. [Homo- + gangliate.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Having the ganglia of the nervous system symmetrically
arranged, as in certain invertebrates; -- opposed to
heterogangliate.
Homogene \Ho"mo*gene\, a. [Cf. F. homog[`e]ne.]
Homogeneous. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Homogeneal \Ho`mo*ge"ne*al\, a.
Homogeneous.
Homogenealness \Ho`mo*ge"ne*al*ness\, n.
Homogeneousness.
Homogeneity \Ho`mo*ge*ne"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
homog['e]n['e]it['e].]
Same as {Homogeneousness}.
Homogeneous \Ho`mo*ge"ne*ous\, a. [Gr. ?; ? the same + ? race,
kind: cf. F. homog[`e]ne. See {Same}, and {Kin}.]
1. Of the same kind of nature; consisting of similar parts,
or of elements of the like nature; -- opposed to
heterogeneous; as, homogeneous particles, elements, or
principles; homogeneous bodies.
2. (Alg.) Possessing the same number of factors of a given
kind; as, a homogeneous polynomial.
Homogeneousness \Ho`mo*ge"ne*ous*ness\, n.
Sameness 9kind or nature; uniformity of structure or
material.
Homogenesis \Ho`mo*gen"e*sis\, n. [Homo- + genesis.] (Biol.)
That method of reproduction in which the successive
generations are alike, the offspring, either animal or plant,
running through the same cycle of existence as the parent;
gamogenesis; -- opposed to heterogenesis.
Homogenetic \Ho`mo*ge*net"ic\, a. (Biol.)
Homogenous; -- applied to that class of homologies which
arise from similarity of structure, and which are taken as
evidences of common ancestry.
Homogenous \Ho*mog"e*nous\, a. (Biol.)
Having a resemblance in structure, due to descent from a
common progenitor with subsequent modification; homogenetic;
-- applied both to animals and plants. See {Homoplastic}.
Homogeny \Ho*mog"e*ny\, n. [Gr. ?; ? the same + ? race, kind.]
1. Joint nature. [Obs.] --Bacon.
2. (Biol.) The correspondence of common descent; -- a term
used to supersede homology by Lankester, who also used
homoplasy to denote any superinduced correspondence of
position and structure in parts embryonically distinct
(other writers using the term homoplasmy). Thus, there is
homogeny between the fore limb of a mammal and the wing of
a bird; but the right and left ventricles of the heart in
both are only in homoplasy with each other, these having
arisen independently since the divergence of both groups
from a univentricular ancestor.
Homogonous \Ho*mog"o*nous\, a. [Gr. ?. See {Homogeneous}.]
(Bot.)
Having all the flowers of a plant alike in respect to the
stamens and pistils.
Homogony \Ho*mog"o*ny\, n. (Bot.)
The condition of having homogonous flowers.
Homograph \Hom"o*graph\, n. [Gr. "omo`grafos with the same
letters; "omo`s the same + gra`fein to write.] (Philol.)
One of two or more words identical in orthography, but having
different derivations and meanings; as, fair, n., a market,
and fair, a., beautiful.
Homographic \Ho`mo*graph"ic\, a.
1. Employing a single and separate character to represent
each sound; -- said of certain methods of spelling words.
2. (Geom.) Possessing the property of homography.
Homography \Ho*mog"ra*phy\, n.
1. That method of spelling in which every sound is
represented by a single character, which indicates that
sound and no other.
2. (Geom.) A relation between two figures, such that to any
point of the one corresponds one and but one point in the
other, and vise versa. Thus, a tangent line rolling on a
circle cuts two fixed tangents of the circle in two sets
of points that are homographic.
Homoioptoton \Ho*moi`op*to"ton\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? in a like
case; ? like + ? falling.] (Rhet.)
A figure in which the several parts of a sentence end with
the same case, or inflection generally.
Homoiothermal \Ho*moi`o*ther"mal\, a. [Gr. ? like + E. thermal.]
(Physiol.)
Maintaining a uniform temperature; h[ae]matothermal;
homothermic; -- applied to warm-bodied animals, because they
maintain a nearly uniform temperature in spite of the great
variations in the surrounding air; in distinct from the
cold-blooded (poikilothermal) animals, whose body temperature
follows the variations in temperature of the surrounding
medium.
Homoiousian \Ho`moi*ou"si*an\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, of like substance;
"o`moios + o'ysi`a the substance, being, essence.] (Eccl.
Hist.)
One of the semi-Arians of the 4th century, who held that the
Son was of like, but not the same, essence or substance with
the Father; -- opposed to homoousian.
Homoiousian \Ho`moi*ou"si*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to Homoiousians, or their belief.
Homologate \Ho*mol"o*gate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Homologated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Homologating}.] [LL. homologatus, p. p. of
homologare to homologate; Gr. ? to assent, agree. See
{Homologous}.] (Civ. Law)
To approve; to allow; to confirm; as, the court homologates a
proceeding. --Wheaton.
Homologation \Ho*mol`o*ga"tion\, n. [Cf. F. homologation.] (Civ.
& Scots Law)
Confirmation or ratification (as of something otherwise null
and void), by a court or a grantor.
Homological \Ho`mo*log"ic*al\, a.
Pertaining to homology; having a structural affinity
proceeding from, or base upon, that kind of relation termed
homology. -- {Ho`mo*log"ic*al*ly}, adv.
Homologinic \Ho*mol`o*gin"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or characterized by, homology; as, homologinic
qualities, or differences.
Homologize \Ho*mol"o*gize\, v. t. (Biol.)
To determine the homologies or structural relations of.
Homologon \Ho*mol"o*gon\, n. [NL.]
See {Homologue}.
Homologoumena \Hom`o*lo*gou"me*na\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?
things conceded, p. p. of ? to agree, admit, concede. See
{Homologous}.]
Those books of the New Testament which were acknowledged as
canonical by the early church; -- distinguished from
antilegomena.
Homologous \Ho*mol"o*gous\, a. [Gr. ? assenting, agreeing; ? the
same + ? speech, discourse, proportion, ? to say, speak.]
Having the same relative position, proportion, value, or
structure. Especially:
(a) (Geom.) Corresponding in relative position and
proportion.
In similar polygons, the corresponding sides,
angles, diagonals, etc., are homologous. --Davies &
Peck (Math.
Dict.).
(b) (Alg.) Having the same relative proportion or value, as
the two antecedents or the two consequents of a
proportion.
(c) (Chem.) Characterized by homology; belonging to the same
type or series; corresponding in composition and
properties. See {Homology}, 3.
(d) (Biol.) Being of the same typical structure; having like
relations to a fundamental type to structure; as, those
bones in the hand of man and the fore foot of a horse are
homologous that correspond in their structural relations,
that is, in their relations to the type structure of the
fore limb in vertebrates.
{Homologous stimulus}. (Physiol.) See under {Stimulus}.
Homolographic \Hom`o*lo*graph"ic\, a. [Homo- + Gr. "o`los whole
+ -graph + -ic; but cf. F. homalographique, Gr. ? even,
level.]
Preserving the mutual relations of parts, especially as to
size and form; maintaining relative proportion.
{Homolographic projection}, a method of constructing
geographical charts or maps, so that the surfaces, as
delineated on a plane, have the same relative size as the
real surfaces; that is, so that the relative actual areas
of the different countries are accurately represented by
the corresponding portions of the map.
Homologue \Hom"o*logue\, n. [Cf. F. homologue. See
{Homologous}.]
That which is homologous to something else; as, the
corresponding sides, etc., of similar polygons are the
homologues of each other; the members or terms of an
homologous series in chemistry are the homologues of each
other; one of the bones in the hand of man is the homologue
of that in the paddle of a whale.
Homology \Ho*mol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ? agreement. See {Homologous}.]
1. The quality of being homologous; correspondence; relation;
as, the homologyof similar polygons.
2. (Biol.) Correspondence or relation in type of structure in
contradistinction to similarity of function; as, the
relation in structure between the leg and arm of a man; or
that between the arm of a man, the fore leg of a horse,
the wing of a bird, and the fin of a fish, all these
organs being modifications of one type of structure.
Note: Homology indicates genetic relationship, and according
to Haeckel special homology should be defined in terms
of identity of embryonic origin. See {Homotypy}, and
{Homogeny}.
3. (Chem.) The correspondence or resemblance of substances
belonging to the same type or series; a similarity of
composition varying by a small, regular difference, and
usually attended by a regular variation in physical
properties; as, there is an homology between methane,
{CH4}, ethane, {C2H6}, propane, {C3H8}, etc., all members
of the paraffin series. In an extended sense, the term is
applied to the relation between chemical elements of the
same group; as, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are said to
be in homology with each other. Cf. {Heterology}.
{General homology} (Biol.), the higher relation which a
series of parts, or a single part, bears to the
fundamental or general type on which the group is
constituted. --Owen.
{Serial homology} (Biol.), representative or repetitive
relation in the segments of the same organism, -- as in
the lobster, where the parts follow each other in a
straight line or series. --Owen. See {Homotypy}.
{Special homology} (Biol.), the correspondence of a part or
organ with those of a different animal, as determined by
relative position and connection. --Owen.
Homomallous \Ho*mom"al*lous\, a. [Homo- + Gr. ? a lock of wool.]
(Bot.)
Uniformly bending or curving to one side; -- said of leaves
which grow on several sides of a stem.
Homomorphic \Ho`mo*mor"phic\, Homomorphous \Ho`mo*mor"phous\, a.
[Gr. ? the same + ? shape.]
Characterized by homomorphism.
Homomorphism \Ho`mo*mor"phism\, n. [See {Homomorphous}.]
1. (Biol.) Same as {Homomorphy}.
2. (Bot.) The possession, in one species of plants, of only
one kind of flowers; -- opposed to heteromorphism,
dimorphism, and trimorphism.
3. (Zo["o]l.) The possession of but one kind of larv[ae] or
young, as in most insects.
Homomorphy \Ho"mo*mor`phy\, n. [Homo- + Gr. ? form.] (Biol.)
Similarity of form; resemblance in external characters, while
widely different in fundamental structure; resemblance in
geometric ground form. See {Homophyly}, {Promorphology}.
Homonomous \Ho*mon"o*mous\, a. (Biol.)
Of or pertaining to homonomy.
Homonomy \Ho*mon"o*my\, n. [Homo- + Gr. ? law.] (Biol.)
The homology of parts arranged on transverse axes. --Haeckel.
Homonym \Hom"o*nym\, n. [Cf. F. homonyme. See {Homonymous}.]
A word having the same sound as another, but differing from
it in meaning; as the noun bear and the verb bear. [Written
also {homonyme}.]
Homonymous \Ho*mon"y*mous\, a. [L. homonymus, Gr. ?; ? the same
+ ?, for ? name; akin to E. name.]
1. Having the same name or designation; standing in the same
relation; -- opposed to heteronymous.
2. Having the same name or designation, but different meaning
or relation; hence, equivocal; ambiguous.
Homonymously \Ho*mon"y*mous*ly\, adv.
1. In an homonymous manner; so as to have the same name or
relation.
2. Equivocally; ambiguously.
Homonymy \Ho*mon"y*my\, n. [Gr. ?: cf. F. homonymie.]
1. Sameness of name or designation; identity in relations.
--Holland.
Homonymy may be as well in place as in persons.
--Fuller.
2. Sameness of name or designation of things or persons which
are different; ambiguity.
Homoorgan \Ho`mo*["o]r"gan\ [Homo- + organ.]
Same as {Homoplast}.
Homoousian \Ho`mo*ou"si*an\, n. [Gr. ?; ? the same + ? being,
essence, substance.] (Eccl. Hist.)
One of those, in the 4th century, who accepted the Nicene
creed, and maintained that the Son had the same essence or
substance with the Father; -- opposed to homoiousian.
Homoousian \Ho`mo*ou"si*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to the Homoousians, or to the doctrines they
held.
Homophone \Hom"o*phone\, n. [Cf. F. homophone. See
{Homophonous}.]
1. A letter or character which expresses a like sound with
another. --Gliddon.
2. A word having the same sound as another, but differing
from it in meaning and usually in spelling; as, all and
awl; bare and bear; rite, write, right, and wright.
Homophonic \Ho`mo*phon"ic\, Homophonous \Ho*moph"o*nous\, a.
[Gr. ?; ? the same + ? sound, tone: cf. F. homophone.]
1. (Mus.)
(a) Originally, sounding alike; of the same pitch;
unisonous; monodic.
(b) Now used for plain harmony, note against note, as
opposed to polyphonic harmony, in which the several
parts move independently, each with its own melody.
2. Expressing the same sound by a different combination of
letters; as, bay and bey.
Homophony \Ho*moph"o*ny\, n. [Gr. ?: cf. F. homophonie.]
1. Sameness of sound.
2. (Mus.)
(a) Sameness of sound; unison.
(b) Plain harmony, as opposed to polyphony. See
{Homophonous}.
Homophylic \Ho`mo*phyl"ic\, a. (Biol.)
Relating to homophily.
Homophyly \Ho*moph"y*ly\, n. [Homo- + Gr. ? a clan.] (Biol.)
That form of homology due to common ancestry (phylogenetic
homology), in opposition to homomorphy, to which genealogic
basis is wanting. --Haeckel.
Homoplasmy \Ho"mo*plas`my\, n. [Homo- + Gr. ? anything formed,
fr. ? to form, mold.] (Biol.)
Resemblance between different plants or animals, in external
shape, in general habit, or in organs, which is not due to
descent from a common ancestor, but to similar surrounding
circumstances.
Homoplast \Hom"o*plast\, n. (Biol.)
One of the plastids composing the idorgan of Haeckel; -- also
called homo["o]rgan.
Homoplastic \Ho`mo*plas"tic\, a. [Homo- + plastic.]
Of or pertaining to homoplasty; as, homoplasticorgans;
homoplastic forms.
Homoplasty \Ho"mo*plas`ty\, n. [Homo- + plasty.] (Biol.)
The formation of homologous tissues.
Homoplasy \Ho*mop"la*sy\, n. [Homo- + Gr. ? to form, mold.]
(Biol.)
See {Homogeny}.
Homopolic \Ho`mo*pol"ic\, a. [Homo- + pole.] (Biol.)
In promorphology, pertaining to or exhibiting that kind of
organic form, in which the stereometric ground form is a
pyramid, with similar poles. See {Promorphology}.
Homopter \Ho*mop"ter\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
One of the Homoptera.
Homoptera \Ho*mop"te*ra\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? the same, like
+ ? wing.] (Zo["o]l.)
A suborder of Hemiptera, in which both pairs of wings are
similar in texture, and do not overlap when folded, as in the
cicada. See {Hemiptera}.
Homopteran \Ho*mop"ter*an\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
An homopter.
Homopterous \Ho*mop"ter*ous\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of or pertaining to the Homoptera.
Homostyled \Ho"mo*styled\, a. [Homo- + style.] (Bot.)
Having only one form of pistils; -- said of the flowers of
some plants. --Darwin.
Homosystemic \Ho`mo*sys*tem"ic\, a. [Homo- + systemic.] (Biol.)
Developing, in the case of multicellular organisms, from the
same embryonic systems into which the secondary unit
(gastrula or plant enbryo) differentiates.
Homotaxia \Ho`mo*tax"i*a\, n. [NL.]
Same as {Homotaxis}.
Homotaxial \Ho`mo*tax"i*al\, Homotaxic \Ho`mo*tax"ic\, a.
(Biol.)
Relating to homotaxis.
Homotaxis \Ho`mo*tax"is\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? the same + ?
arrangement.] (Biol.)
Similarly in arrangement of parts; -- the opposite of
heterotaxy.
Homotaxy \Ho"mo*tax`y\, n.
Same as {Homotaxis}.
Homothermic \Ho`mo*ther"mic\, Homothermous \Ho`mo*ther"mous\, a.
[Homo- + Gr. ? heat.] (Physiol.)
Warm-blooded; homoiothermal; h[ae]matothermal.
Homotonous \Ho*mot"o*nous\, a. [L. homotonus, Gr. ?; ? the same
+ ? tone.]
Of the same tenor or tone; equable; without variation.
Homotropal \Ho*mot"ro*pal\, Homotropous \Ho*mot"ro*pous\, a.
[Gr. ?; ? the same + ? turn, fr. ? to turn: cf. F.
homotrope.]
1. Turned in the same direction with something else.
2. (Bot.) Having the radicle of the seed directed towards the
hilum.
Homotypal \Ho"mo*ty`pal\, a. (Biol.)
Of the same type of structure; pertaining to a homotype; as,
homotypal parts.
Homotype \Hom"o*type\, n. [Homo- + -type.] (Biol.)
That which has the same fundamental type of structure with
something else; thus, the right arm is the homotype of the
right leg; one arm is the homotype of the other, etc. --Owen.
Homotypic \Ho`mo*typ"ic\, Homotypical \Ho`mo*typ"ic*al\, a.
(Biol.)
Same as {Homotypal}.
Homotypy \Ho"mo*ty`py\, n. [See {Homotype}.] (Biol.)
A term suggested by Haeckel to be instead of serial homology.
See {Homotype}.
Homunculus \Ho*mun"cu*lus\, n.; pl. {Homunculi}. [L., dim. of
homo man.]
A little man; a dwarf; a manikin. --Sterne.
Hond \Hond\, n.
Hand. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hone \Hone\, v. i. [Etymology uncertain. [root]37.]
To pine; to lament; to long. --Lamb.
Hone \Hone\, n. [Cf. Icel. h[=u]n a knob.]
A kind of swelling in the cheek.
Hone \Hone\, n. [AS. h[=a]n; akin to Icel. hein, OSw. hen; cf.
Skr. [,c][=a][.n]a, also [,c][=o], [,c]i, to sharpen, and E.
cone. [root]38, 228.]
A stone of a fine grit, or a slab, as of metal, covered with
an abrading substance or powder, used for sharpening cutting
instruments, and especially for setting razors; an oilstone.
--Tusser.
{Hone slate}See {Polishing slate}.
{Hone stone}, one of several kinds of stone used for hones.
See {Novaculite}.
Hone \Hone\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Honed} (h[=o]nd); p]. pr. &
vb. n. {Honing}.]
To sharpen on, or with, a hone; to rub on a hone in order to
sharpen; as, to hone a razor.
Honest \Hon"est\, a. [OE. honest, onest, OF. honeste, oneste, F.
honn[^e]te, L. honestus, fr. honos, honor, honor. See
{Honor}.]
1. Decent; honorable; suitable; becoming. --Chaucer.
Belong what honest clothes you send forth to
bleaching! --Shak.
2. Characterized by integrity or fairness and
straight?forwardness in conduct, thought, speech, etc.;
upright; just; equitable; trustworthy; truthful; sincere;
free from fraud, guile, or duplicity; not false; -- said
of persons and acts, and of things to which a moral
quality is imputed; as, an honest judge or merchant; an
honest statement; an honest bargain; an honest business;
an honest book; an honest confession.
An honest man's the noblest work of God. --Pope.
An honest physician leaves his patient when he can
contribute no farther to his health. --Sir W.
Temple.
Look ye out among you seven men of honest report.
--Acts vi. 3.
Provide things honest in the sight of all men.
--Rom. xii.
17.
3. Open; frank; as, an honest countenance.
4. Chaste; faithful; virtuous.
Wives may be merry, and yet honest too. --Shak.
Syn: Upright; ingenuous; honorable; trusty; faithful;
equitable; fair; just; rightful; sincere; frank; candid;
genuine.
Honest \Hon"est\, v. t. [L. honestare to clothe or adorn with
honor: cf. F. honester. See {Honest}, a.]
To adorn; to grace; to honor; to make becoming, appropriate,
or honorable. [Obs.] --Abp. Sandys.
Honestation \Hon`es*ta"tion\, n.
The act of honesting; grace; adornment. [Obs.] --W. Montagu.
Honestetee \Ho*nes"te*tee\, n.
Honesty; honorableness. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Honestly \Hon"est*ly\, adv.
1. Honorably; becomingly; decently. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
2. In an honest manner; as, a contract honestly made; to live
honestly; to speak honestly. --Shak.
{To come honestly by}.
(a) To get honestly.
(b) A circumlocution for to inherit; as, to come honestly
by a feature, a mental trait, a peculiarity.
Honesty \Hon"es*ty\, n. [OE. honeste, oneste, honor, OF.
honest['e], onest['e] (cf. F. honn[^e]tet['e]), L. honestas.
See {Honest}, a.]
1. Honor; honorableness; dignity; propriety; suitableness;
decency. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
She derives her honesty and achieves her goodness.
--Shak.
2. The quality or state of being honest; probity; fairness
and straightforwardness of conduct, speech, etc.;
integrity; sincerity; truthfulness; freedom from fraud or
guile.
That we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all
godliness and honesty. --1 Tim. ii.
2.
3. Chastity; modesty. --Chaucer.
To lay . . . siege to the honesty of this Ford's
wife. --Shak.
4. (Bot.) Satin flower; the name of two cruciferous herbs
having large flat pods, the round shining partitions of
which are more beautiful than the blossom; -- called also
{lunary} and {moonwort}. {Lunaria biennis} is common
honesty; {L. rediva} is perennial honesty.
Syn: Integrity; probity; uprightness; trustiness;
faithfulness; honor; justice; equity; fairness; candor;
plain-dealing; veracity; sincerity.
Honewort \Hone"wort`\, n. (Bot.)
An umbelliferous plant of the genus {Sison} ({S. Amomum}); --
so called because used to cure a swelling called a hone.
Honey \Hon"ey\, n. [OE. honi, huni, AS. hunig; akin to OS.
honeg, D. & G. honig, OHG. honag, honang, Icel. hunang, Sw.
h[*a]ning, Dan. honning, cf. Gr. ? dust, Skr. kaa grain.]
1. A sweet viscid fluid, esp. that collected by bees from
flowers of plants, and deposited in the cells of the
honeycomb.
2. That which is sweet or pleasant, like honey.
The honey of his language. --Shak.
3. Sweet one; -- a term of endearment. --Chaucer.
Honey, you shall be well desired in Cyprus. --Shak.
Note: Honey is often used adjectively or as the first part of
compound; as, honeydew or honey dew; honey guide or
honeyguide; honey locust or honey-locust.
{Honey ant} (Zo["o]l.), a small ant ({Myrmecocystus
melliger}), found in the Southwestern United States, and
in Mexico, living in subterranean formicares. There are
larger and smaller ordinary workers, and others, which
serve as receptacles or cells for the storage of honey,
their abdomens becoming distended to the size of a
currant. These, in times of scarcity, regurgitate the
honey and feed the rest.
{Honey badger} (Zo["o]l.), the ratel.
{Honey bear}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Kinkajou}.
{Honey buzzard} (Zo["o]l.), a bird related to the kites, of
the genus {Pernis}. The European species is {P. apivorus};
the Indian or crested honey buzzard is {P. ptilorhyncha}.
They feed upon honey and the larv[ae] of bees. Called also
{bee hawk}, {bee kite}.
{Honey creeper} (Zo["o]l.), one of numerous species of small,
bright, colored, passerine birds of the family
{C[oe]rebid[ae]}, abundant in Central and South America.
{Honey easter} (Zo["o]l.), one of numerous species of small
passerine birds of the family {Meliphagid[ae]}, abundant
in Australia and Oceania; -- called also {honeysucker}.
{Honey flower} (Bot.), an evergreen shrub of the genus
{Melianthus}, a native of the Cape of Good Hope. The
flowers yield much honey.
{Honey guide} (Zo["o]l.), one of several species of small
birds of the family {Indicatorid[ae]}, inhabiting Africa
and the East Indies. They have the habit of leading
persons to the nests to wild bees. Called also
{honeybird}, and {indicator}.
{Honey harvest}, the gathering of honey from hives, or the
honey which is gathered. --Dryden.
{Honey kite}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Honey buzzard} (above).
{Honey locust} (Bot.), a North American tree ({Gleditschia
triacanthos}), armed with thorns, and having long pods
with a sweet pulp between the seeds.
{Honey month}. Same as {Honeymoon}.
{Honey weasel} (Zo["o]l.), the ratel.
Honey \Hon"ey\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Honeyed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Honeying}.]
To be gentle, agreeable, or coaxing; to talk fondly; to use
endearments; also, to be or become obsequiously courteous or
complimentary; to fawn. ``Honeying and making love.'' --Shak.
Rough to common men, But honey at the whisper of a
lord. --Tennyson.
Honey \Hon"ey\, v. t.
To make agreeable; to cover or sweeten with, or as with,
honey.
Canst thou not honey me with fluent speech? --Marston.
Honey-bag \Hon"ey-bag`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The receptacle for honey in a honeybee. --Shak. Grew.
Honeybee \Hon"ey*bee`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Any bee of the genus {Apis}, which lives in communities and
collects honey, esp. the common domesticated hive bee ({Apis
mellifica}), the Italian bee ({A. ligustica}), and the
Arabiab bee ({A. fasciata}). The two latter are by many
entomologists considered only varieties of the common hive
bee. Each swarm of bees consists of a large number of workers
(barren females), with, ordinarily, one queen or fertile
female, but in the swarming season several young queens, and
a number of males or drones, are produced.
Honeybird \Hon"ey*bird`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The honey guide.
Honeycomb \Hon"ey*comb`\, n. [AS. hunigcamb. See {Honey}, and
1st {Comb}.]
1. A mass of hexagonal waxen cells, formed by bees, and used
by them to hold their honey and their eggs.
2. Any substance, as a easting of iron, a piece of worm-eaten
wood, or of triple, etc., perforated with cells like a
honeycomb.
{Honeycomb moth} (Zo["o]l.), the wax moth.
{Honeycomb stomach}. (Anat.) See {Reticulum}.
Honeycombed \Hon"ey*combed`\, a.
Formed or perforated like a honeycomb.
Each bastion was honeycombed with casements. --Motley.
Honeydew \Hon"ey*dew`\, n.
1. A sweet, saccharine substance, found on the leaves of
trees and other plants in small drops, like dew. Two
substances have been called by this name; one exuded from
the plants, and the other secreted by certain insects,
esp. aphids.
2. A kind of tobacco moistened with molasses.
Honeyed \Hon"eyed\, a.
1. Covered with honey.
2. Sweet, as, honeyed words. --Milton.
Honeyless \Hon"ey*less\, a.
Destitute of honey. --Shak.
Honeymoon \Hon"ey*moon`\, n.
The first month after marriage. --Addison.
Honey-mouthed \Hon"ey-mouthed`\, a.
Soft to sweet in speech; persuasive. --Shak.
Honeystone \Hon"ey*stone`\, n.
See {Mellite}.
Honeysucker \Hon"ey*suck`er\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
See {Honey eater}, under {Honey}.
Honeysuckle \Hon"ey*suc`kle\, n. [Cf. AS. hunis?ge privet. See
{Honey}, and {Suck}.] (Bot.)
One of several species of flowering plants, much admired for
their beauty, and some for their fragrance.
Note: The honeysuckles are properly species of the genus
{Lonicera}; as, {L. Caprifolium}, and {L. Japonica},
the commonly cultivated fragrant kinds; {L.
Periclymenum}, the fragrant woodbine of England; {L.
grata}, the American woodbine, and {L. sempervirens},
the red-flowered trumpet honeysuckle. The European fly
honeysuckle is {L. Xylosteum}; the American, {L.
ciliata}. The American Pinxter flower ({Azalea
nudiflora}) is often called honeysuckle, or false
honeysuckle. The name {Australian honeysuckle} is
applied to one or more trees of the genus {Banksia}.
See {French honeysuckle}, under {French}.
Honeysuckled \Hon"ey*suc`kled\, a.
Covered with honeysuckles.
Honey-sweet \Hon"ey-sweet`\, a.
Sweet as honey. --Chaucer.
Honey-tongued \Hon"ey-tongued`\, a.
Sweet speaking; persuasive; seductive. --Shak.
Honeyware \Hon"ey*ware`\, n. (Bot.)
See {Badderlocks}.
Honeywort \Hon"ey*wort`\, n. (Bot.)
A European plant of the genus {Cerinthe}, whose flowers are
very attractive to bees. --Loudon.
Hong \Hong\, n. [Chinese hang, Canton dialect hong, a mercantile
house, factory.]
A mercantile establishment or factory for foreign trade in
China, as formerly at Canton; a succession of offices
connected by a common passage and used for business or
storage.
{Hong merchant}, one of the few Chinese merchants who,
previous to the treaty of 1842, formed a guild which had
the exclusive privilege of trading with foreigners.
Hong \Hong\, v. t. & i.
To hang. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Honied \Hon"ied\, a.
See {Honeyed}.
Honiton lace \Hon"i*ton lace`\
A kind of pillow lace, remarkable for the beauty of its
figures; -- so called because chiefly made in Honiton,
England.
Honk \Honk\, n. [Of imitative origin.] (Zo["o]l.)
The cry of a wild goose. -- {Honk"ing}, n.
Honor \Hon"or\, n. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor,
onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor,
honos.] [Written also {honour}.]
1. Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect;
consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of
respect or reverence.
A prophet is not without honor, save in his own
country. --Matt. xiii.
57.
2. That which rightfully attracts esteem, respect, or
consideration; self-respect; dignity; courage; fidelity;
especially, excellence of character; high moral worth;
virtue; nobleness; specif., in men, integrity;
uprightness; trustworthness; in women, purity; chastity.
If she have forgot Honor and virtue. --Shak.
Godlike erect, with native honor clad. --Milton.
3. A nice sense of what is right, just, and true, with course
of life correspondent thereto; strict conformity to the
duty imposed by conscience, position, or privilege.
Say, what is honor? 'T is the finest sense Of
justice which the human mind can frame, Intent each
lurking frailty to disclaim, And guard the way of
life from all offense Suffered or done.
--Wordsworth.
I could not love thee, dear, so much, Loved I not
honor more. --Lovelace.
4. That to which esteem or consideration is paid;
distinguished position; high rank. ``Restored me to my
honors.'' --Shak.
I have given thee . . . both riches, and honor. --1
Kings iii. 13.
Thou art clothed with honor and majesty. --Ps. civ.
1.
5. Fame; reputation; credit.
Some in theiractions do woo, and affect honor and
reputation. --Bacon.
If my honor is meant anything distinct from
conscience, 't is no more than a regard to the
censure and esteem of the world. --Rogers.
6. A token of esteem paid to worth; a mark of respect; a
ceremonial sign of consideration; as, he wore an honor on
his breast; military honors; civil honors. ``Their funeral
honors.'' --Dryden.
7. A cause of respect and fame; a glory; an excellency; an
ornament; as, he is an honor to his nation.
8. A title applied to the holders of certain honorable civil
offices, or to persons of rank; as, His Honor the Mayor.
See Note under {Honorable}.
9. (Feud. Law) A seigniory or lordship held of the king, on
which other lordships and manors depended. --Cowell.
10. pl. Academic or university prizes or distinctions; as,
honors in classics.
11. pl. (Whist) The ace, king, queen, and jack of trumps. The
ten and nine are sometimes called Dutch honors. --R. A.
Proctor.
{Affair of honor}, a dispute to be decided by a duel, or the
duel itself.
{Court of honor}, a court or tribunal to investigate and
decide questions relating to points of honor; as a court
of chivalry, or a military court to investigate acts or
omissions which are unofficerlike or ungentlemanly in
their nature.
{Debt of honor}, a debt contracted by a verbal promise, or by
betting or gambling, considered more binding than if
recoverable by law.
{Honor bright!} An assurance of truth or fidelity. [Colloq.]
{Honor court} (Feudal Law), one held in an honor or seignory.
{Honor point}. (Her.) See {Escutcheon}.
{Honors of war} (Mil.), distinctions granted to a vanquished
enemy, as of marching out from a camp or town armed, and
with colors flying.
{Law, or Code}, {of honor}, certain rules by which social
intercourse is regulated among persons of fashion, and
which are founded on a regard to reputation. --Paley.
{Maid of honor}, a lady of rank, whose duty it is to attend
the queen when she appears in public.
{On one's honor}, on the pledge of one's honor; as, the
members of the House of Lords in Great Britain, are not
under oath, but give their statements or verdicts on their
honor.
{Point of honor}, a scruple or nice distinction in matters
affecting one's honor; as, he raised a point of honor.
{To do the honors}, to bestow honor, as on a guest; to act as
host or hostess at an entertainment. ``To do the honors
and to give the word.'' --Pope.
{To do one honor}, to confer distinction upon one.
{To have the honor}, to have the privilege or distinction.
{Word of honor}, an engagement confirmed by a pledge of
honor.
Honor \Hon"or\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Honored}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Honoring}.] [OE. honouren, onouren, OF. honorer, honourer,
F. honorer, fr. L. honorare, fr. honor, n.]
1. To regard or treat with honor, esteem, or respect; to
revere; to treat with deference and submission; when used
of the Supreme Being, to reverence; to adore; to worship.
Honor thy father and thy mother. --Ex. xx. 12.
That all men should honor the Son, even as they
honor the Father. --John v. 23.
It is a custom More honor'd in the breach than the
observance. --Shak.
2. To dignify; to raise to distinction or notice; to bestow
honor upon; to elevate in rank or station; to ennoble; to
exalt; to glorify; hence, to do something to honor; to
treat in a complimentary manner or with civility.
Thus shall it be done to the man whom the king
delighten to honor. --Esther vi.
9.
The name of Cassius honors this corruption. --Shak.
3. (Com.) To accept and pay when due; as, to honora bill of
exchange.
Honorable \Hon"or*a*ble\, a. [F. honorable, L. honorabilis.]
1. Worthy of honor; fit to be esteemed or regarded;
estimable; illustrious.
Thy name and honorable family. --Shak.
2. High-minded; actuated by principles of honor, or a
scrupulous regard to probity, rectitude, or reputation.
3. Proceeding from an upright and laudable cause, or directed
to a just and proper end; not base; irreproachable; fair;
as, an honorable motive.
Is this proceeding just and honorable? --Shak.
4. Conferring honor, or produced by noble deeds.
Honorable wounds from battle brought. --Dryden.
5. Worthy of respect; regarded with esteem; to be commended;
consistent with honor or rectitude.
Marriage is honorable in all. --Heb. xiii.
4.
6. Performed or accompanied with marks of honor, or with
testimonies of esteem; an honorable burial.
7. Of reputable association or use; respectable.
Let her descend: my chambers are honorable. --Shak.
8. An epithet of respect or distinction; as, the honorable
Senate; the honorable gentleman.
Note: Honorable is a title of quality, conferred by English
usage upon the younger children of earls and all the
children of viscounts and barons. The maids of honor,
lords of session, and the supreme judges of England and
Ireland are entitled to the prefix. In American usage,
it is a title of courtesy merely, bestowed upon those
who hold, or have held, any of the higher public
offices, esp. governors, judges, members of Congress or
of the Senate, mayors.
{Right honorable}. See under {Right}.
Honorableness \Hon"or*a*ble*ness\, n.
1. The state of being honorable; eminence; distinction.
2. Conformity to the principles of honor, probity, or moral
rectitude; fairness; uprightness; reputableness.
Honorably \Hon"or*a*bly\, adv.
1. In an honorable manner; in a manner showing, or consistent
with, honor.
The reverend abbot . . . honorably received him.
--Shak.
Why did I not more honorably starve? --Dryden.
2. Decently; becomingly. [Obs.] ``Do this message
honorably.'' --Shak.
Syn: Magnanimously; generously; nobly; worthily; justly;
equitably; fairly; reputably.
Honorarium \Hon`o*ra"ri*um\, Honorary \Hon"or*a*ry\, n. [L.
honorarium (sc. donum), fr. honorarius. See {Honorary}, a.]
1. A fee offered to professional men for their services; as,
an honorarium of one thousand dollars. --S. Longfellow.
2. (Law) An honorary payment, usually in recognition of
services for which it is not usual or not lawful to assign
a fixed business price. --Heumann.
Honorary \Hon"or*a*ry\, a. [L. honorarius, fr. honor honor: cf.
F. honoraire.]
1. Done as a sign or evidence of honor; as, honorary
services. --Macaulay.
2. Conferring honor, or intended merely to confer honor
without emolument; as, an honorary degree. ``Honorary
arches.'' --Addison.
3. Holding a title or place without rendering service or
receiving reward; as, an honorary member of a society.
Honorer \Hon"or*er\, n.
One who honors.
Honorific \Hon`or*if"ic\, a. [See {Honor}, {-fy}, and {-ic}.]
Conferring honor; tending to honor. --London. Spectator.
Honorless \Hon"or*less\, a.
Destitute of honor; not honored. --Bp. Warburton.
Hont \Hont\, n. & v.
See under {Hunt}. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hoo \Hoo\, interj.
1. See {Ho}. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
2. Hurrah! -- an exclamation of triumphant joy. --Shak.
-hood \-hood\ [OE. hod, had, hed, hede, etc., person, rank,
order, condition, AS. h[=a]d; akin to OS. h[=e]d, OHG. heit,
G. -heit, D. -heid, Goth. haidus manner; cf. Skr. k[=e]tu
brightness, cit to appear, be noticeable, notice. [root]217.
Cf. {-head}.]
A termination denoting state, condition, quality, character,
totality, as in manhood, childhood, knighthood, brotherhood.
Sometimes it is written, chiefly in obsolete words, in the
form -head.
Hood \Hood\, n. [OE. hood, hod, AS. h[=o]d; akin to D. hoed hat,
G. hut, OHG. huot, also to E. hat, and prob. to E. heed.
[root]13.]
1. State; condition. [Obs.]
How could thou ween, through that disguised hood To
hide thy state from being understood? --Spenser.
2. A covering or garment for the head or the head and
shoulders, often attached to the body garment; especially:
(a) A soft covering for the head, worn by women, which
leaves only the face exposed.
(b) A part of a monk's outer garment, with which he covers
his head; a cowl. ``All hoods make not monks.''
--Shak.
(c) A like appendage to a cloak or loose overcoat, that
may be drawn up over the head at pleasure.
(d) An ornamental fold at the back of an academic gown or
ecclesiastical vestment; as, a master's hood.
(e) A covering for a horse's head.
(f) (Falconry) A covering for a hawk's head and eyes. See
Illust. of {Falcon}.
3. Anything resembling a hood in form or use; as:
(a) The top or head of a carriage.
(b) A chimney top, often contrived to secure a constant
draught by turning with the wind.
(c) A projecting cover above a hearth, forming the upper
part of the fireplace, and confining the smoke to the
flue.
(d) The top of a pump.
(e) (Ord.) A covering for a mortar.
(f) (Bot.) The hood-shaped upper petal of some flowers, as
of monkshood; -- called also {helmet}. --Gray.
(g) (Naut.) A covering or porch for a companion hatch.
4. (Shipbuilding) The endmost plank of a strake which reaches
the stem or stern.
Hood \Hood\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hooded}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hooding}.]
1. To cover with a hood; to furnish with a hood or
hood-shaped appendage.
The friar hooded, and the monarch crowned. --Pope.
2. To cover; to hide; to blind.
While grace is saying, I'll hood mine eyes Thus with
my hat, and sigh and say, ``Amen.'' --Shak.
{Hooding end} (Shipbuilding), the end of a hood where it
enters the rabbet in the stem post or stern post.
Hoodcap \Hood"cap`\, n.
See {Hooded seal}, under {Hooded}.
Hooded \Hood"ed\, a.
1. Covered with a hood.
2. Furnished with a hood or something like a hood.
3. Hood-shaped; esp. (Bot.), rolled up like a cornet of
paper; cuculate, as the spethe of the Indian turnip.
4. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) Having the head conspicuously different in color from
the rest of the plumage; -- said of birds.
(b) Having a hoodlike crest or prominence on the head or
neck; as, the hooded seal; a hooded snake.
{Hooded crow}, a European crow (Corvus cornix); -- called
also {hoody}, {dun crow}, and {royston crow}.
{Hooded gull}, the European black-headed pewit or gull.
{Hooded merganser}. See {Merganser}.
{Hooded seal}, a large North Atlantic seal ({Cystophora
cristata}). The male has a large, inflatible, hoodlike sac
upon the head. Called also {hoodcap}.
{Hooded sheldrake}, the hooded merganser. See {Merganser}.
{Hooded snake}. See {Cobra de capello}, {Asp}, {Haje}, etc.
{Hooded warbler}, a small American warbler ({Sylvania
mitrata}).
Hoodless \Hood"less\, a.
Having no hood.
Hoodlum \Hood"lum\, n.
A young rowdy; a rough, lawless fellow. [Colloq. U.S.]
Hoodman \Hood"man\, n.
The person blindfolded in the game called hoodman-blind.
[Obs.] --Shak.
Hoodman-blind \Hood"man-blind`\, n.
An old term for blindman's buff. --Shak.
Hood molding \Hood" mold`ing\ Hood moulding \Hood" mould`ing\
(Arch.)
A projecting molding over the head of an arch, forming the
outermost member of the archivolt; -- called also {hood
mold}.
Hoodoo \Hoo"doo\, n. [Perh. a var. of voodoo.]
One who causes bad luck. [Colloq.]
Hoodwink \Hood"wink\, v. t. [Hood + wink.]
1. To blind by covering the eyes.
We will blind and hoodwink him. --Shak.
2. To cover; to hide. [Obs.] --Shak.
3. To deceive by false appearance; to impose upon.
``Hoodwinked with kindness.'' --Sir P. Sidney.
Hoody \Hood"y\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The hooded crow; also, in Scotland, the hooded gull.
Hoof \Hoof\, n.; pl. {Hoofs}, very rarely {Hooves}. [OE. hof,
AS. h[=o]f; akin to D. hoef, G1huf, OHG. huof, Icel. h[=o]fr,
Sw. hof, Dan. hov; cf. Russ. kopuito, Skr. [,c]apha.
[root]225.]
1. The horny substance or case that covers or terminates the
feet of certain animals, as horses, oxen, etc.
On burnished hooves his war horse trode. --Tennyson.
2. A hoofed animal; a beast.
Our cattle also shall go with us; there shall not a
hoof be left behind. --Ex. x. 26.
3. (Geom.) See {Ungula}.
Hoof \Hoof\, v. i.
1. To walk as cattle. [R.] --William Scott.
2. To be on a tramp; to foot. [Slang, U.S.]
{To hoof it}, to foot it.
Hoofbound \Hoof"bound`\, a. (Far.)
Having a dry and contracted hoof, which occasions pain and
lameness.
Hoofed \Hoofed\, a.
Furnished with hoofs. --Grew.
Hoofless \Hoof"less\, a.
Destitute of hoofs.
Hook \Hook\, n. [OE. hok, AS. h[=o]c; cf. D. haak, G. hake,
haken, OHG. h[=a]ko, h[=a]go, h[=a]ggo, Icel. haki, Sw. hake,
Dan. hage. Cf. {Arquebuse}, {Hagbut}, {Hake}, {Hatch} a half
door, {Heckle}.]
1. A piece of metal, or other hard material, formed or bent
into a curve or at an angle, for catching, holding, or
sustaining anything; as, a hook for catching fish; a hook
for fastening a gate; a boat hook, etc.
2. That part of a hinge which is fixed to a post, and on
which a door or gate hangs and turns.
3. An implement for cutting grass or grain; a sickle; an
instrument for cutting or lopping; a billhook.
Like slashing Bentley with his desperate hook.
--Pope.
4. (Steam Engin.) See {Eccentric}, and {V-hook}.
5. A snare; a trap. [R.] --Shak.
6. A field sown two years in succession. [Prov. Eng.]
7. pl. The projecting points of the thigh bones of cattle; --
called also {hook bones}.
{By hook or by crook}, one way or other; by any means, direct
or indirect. --Milton. ``In hope her to attain by hook or
crook.'' --Spenser.
{Off the hooks}, unhinged; disturbed; disordered. [Colloq.]
``In the evening, by water, to the Duke of Albemarle, whom
I found mightly off the hooks that the ships are not gone
out of the river.'' --Pepys.
{On one's own hook}, on one's own account or responsibility;
by one's self. [Colloq. U.S.] --Bartlett.
{To go off the hooks}, to die. [Colloq.] --Thackeray.
{Bid hook}, a small boat hook.
{Chain hook}. See under {Chain}.
{Deck hook}, a horizontal knee or frame, in the bow of a
ship, on which the forward part of the deck rests.
{Hook and eye}, one of the small wire hooks and loops for
fastening together the opposite edges of a garment, etc.
{Hook bill} (Zo["o]l.), the strongly curved beak of a bird.
{Hook ladder}, a ladder with hooks at the end by which it can
be suspended, as from the top of a wall.
{Hook motion} (Steam Engin.), a valve gear which is reversed
by V hooks.
{Hook squid}, any squid which has the arms furnished with
hooks, instead of suckers, as in the genera
{Enoploteuthis} and {Onychteuthis}.
{Hook wrench}, a wrench or spanner, having a hook at the end,
instead of a jaw, for turning a bolthead, nut, or
coupling.
Hook \Hook\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hooked}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hooking}.]
1. To catch or fasten with a hook or hooks; to seize,
capture, or hold, as with a hook, esp. with a disguised or
baited hook; hence, to secure by allurement or artifice;
to entrap; to catch; as, to hook a dress; to hook a trout.
Hook him, my poor dear, . . . at any sacrifice. --W.
Collins.
2. To seize or pierce with the points of the horns, as cattle
in attacking enemies; to gore.
3. To steal. [Colloq. Eng. & U.S.]
{To hook on}, to fasten or attach by, or as by, hook.
Hook \Hook\, v. i.
To bend; to curve as a hook.
Hookah \Hook"ah\ (h[oo^]k"[.a]), n. [Per. or Ar. huqqa a round
box or casket, a bottle through which the fumes pass when
smoking tobacco.]
A pipe with a long, flexible stem, so arranged that the smoke
is cooled by being made to pass through water.
Hook-billed \Hook"-billed`\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Having a strongly curved bill.
Hooked \Hooked\, a.
1. Having the form of a hook; curvated; as, the hooked bill
of a bird.
2. Provided with a hook or hooks. ``The hooked chariot.''
--Milton.
Hookedness \Hook"ed*ness\, n.
The state of being bent like a hook; incurvation.
Hooker \Hook"er\, n.
1. One who, or that which, hooks.
2. (Naut.)
(a) A Dutch vessel with two masts.
(b) A fishing boat with one mast, used on the coast of
Ireland.
(c) A sailor's contemptuous term for any antiquated craft.
Hooke's gearing \Hooke's" gear"ing\ [So called from the
inventor.] (Mach.)
Spur gearing having teeth slanting across the face of the
wheel, sometimes slanting in opposite directions from the
middle.
Hooke's joint \Hooke's joint\ [So called from the inventor.]
(Mach.)
A universal joint. See under {Universal}.
Hookey \Hook"ey\, n.
See {Hockey}.
Hooklet \Hook"let\, n.
A little hook.
Hook-nosed \Hook"-nosed`\, a.
Having a hooked or aquiline nose. --Shak.
Hooky \Hook"y\, a.
Full of hooks; pertaining to hooks.
Hool \Hool\, a.
Whole. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hoolock \Hoo"lock\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A small black gibbon ({Hylobates hoolock}), found in the
mountains of Assam.
Hoom \Hoom\, n.
Home. --Chaucer.
Hoonoomaun \Hoo"noo*maun\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
An Indian monkey. See {Entellus}. [Written also {hoonuman}.]
Hoop \Hoop\, n. [OE. hope; akin to D. hoep, hoepel.]
1. A pliant strip of wood or metal bent in a circular form,
and united at the ends, for holding together the staves of
casks, tubs, etc.
2. A ring; a circular band; anything resembling a hoop, as
the cylinder (cheese hoop) in which the curd is pressed in
making cheese.
3. A circle, or combination of circles, of thin whalebone,
metal, or other elastic material, used for expanding the
skirts of ladies' dresses; crinoline; -- used chiefly in
the plural.
Though stiff with hoops, and armed with ribs of
whale. --Pope.
4. A quart pot; -- so called because originally bound with
hoops, like a barrel. Also, a portion of the contents
measured by the distance between the hoops. [Obs.]
5. An old measure of capacity, variously estimated at from
one to four pecks. [Eng.] --Halliwell.
{Bulge hoop}, {Chine hoop}, {Quarter hoop}, the hoop nearest
the middle of a cask, that nearest the end, and the
intermediate hoop between these two, respectively.
{Flat hoop}, a wooden hoop dressed flat on both sides.
{Half-round hoop}, a wooden hoop left rounding and undressed
on the outside.
{Hoop iron}, iron in thin narrow strips, used for making
hoops.
{Hoop lock}, the fastening for uniting the ends of wooden
hoops by notching and interlocking them.
{Hoop skirt}, a framework of hoops for expanding the skirts
of a woman's dress; -- called also {hoop petticoat}.
{Hoop snake} (Zo["o]l.), a harmless snake of the Southern
United States ({Abaster erythrogrammus}); -- so called
from the mistaken notion that it curves itself into a
hoop, taking its tail into its mouth, and rolls along with
great velocity.
{Hoop tree} (Bot.), a small West Indian tree ({Melia
sempervirens}), of the Mahogany family.
Hoop \Hoop\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hooped}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hooping}.]
1. To bind or fasten with hoops; as, to hoop a barrel or
puncheon.
2. To clasp; to encircle; to surround. --Shak.
Hoop \Hoop\, v. i. [OE. houpen; cf. F. houper to hoop, to shout;
-- a hunting term, prob. fr. houp, an interj. used in
calling. Cf. {Whoop}.]
1. To utter a loud cry, or a sound imitative of the word, by
way of call or pursuit; to shout. [Usually written
{whoop}.]
2. To whoop, as in whooping cough. See {Whoop}.
{Hooping cough}. (Med.) See {Whooping cough}.
Hoop \Hoop\, v. t. [Written also whoop.]
1. To drive or follow with a shout. ``To be hooped out of
Rome.'' --Shak.
2. To call by a shout or peculiar cry.
Hoop \Hoop\, n.
1. A shout; a whoop, as in whooping cough.
2. (Zo["o]l.) The hoopoe. See {Hoopoe}.
Hooper \Hoop"er\, n. [See 1st {Hoop}.]
One who hoops casks or tubs; a cooper.
Hooper \Hoop"er\, n. (Zo["o]l.) [So called from its note.]
The European whistling, or wild, swan ({Olor cygnus}); --
called also {hooper swan}, {whooping swan}, and {elk}.
Hoopoe \Hoop"oe\, Hoopoo \Hoop"oo\, n. [So called from its cry;
cf. L. upupa, Gr. ?, D. hop, F. huppe; cf. also G.
wiedenhopf, OHG. wituhopfo, lit., wood hopper.] (Zo["o]l.)
A European bird of the genus {Upupa} ({U. epops}), having a
beautiful crest, which it can erect or depress at pleasure.
Called also {hoop}, {whoop}. The name is also applied to
several other species of the same genus and allied genera.
Hoosier \Hoo"sier\, n.
A nickname given to an inhabitant of the State of Indiana.
[U.S.]
Hoot \Hoot\ (h[=oo]t), v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hooted}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Hooting}.] [OE. hoten, houten, huten; cf. OSw. huta,
Sw. huta ut to take one up sharply, fr. Sw. hut interj.,
begone! cf. also W. hwt off! off with it! away! hoot!]
1. To cry out or shout in contempt.
Matrons and girls shall hoot at thee no more.
--Dryden.
2. To make the peculiar cry of an owl.
The clamorous owl that nightly hoots. --Shak.
Hoot \Hoot\, v. t.
To assail with contemptuous cries or shouts; to follow with
derisive shouts.
Partridge and his clan may hoot me for a cheat.
--Swift.
Hoot \Hoot\, n.
1. A derisive cry or shout. --Glanvill.
2. The cry of an owl.
{Hoot owl} (Zo["o]l.), the barred owl ({Syrnium nebulosum}).
See {Barred owl}.
Hoove \Hoove\, n. [Allied to heave, hove.]
A disease in cattle consisting in inflammation of the stomach
by gas, ordinarily caused by eating too much green food;
tympany; bloating.
Hooven \Hoov"en\, Hoven \Ho"ven\, a.
Affected with hoove; as, hooven, or hoven, cattle.
Hop \Hop\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hopped}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hopping}.] [OE. hoppen to hop, leap, dance, AS. hoppian;
akin to Icel. & Sw. hoppa, Dan. hoppe, D. huppelen, G.
h["u]pfen.]
1. To move by successive leaps, as toads do; to spring or
jump on one foot; to skip, as birds do.
[Birds] hopping from spray to spray. --Dryden.
2. To walk lame; to limp; to halt. --Dryden.
3. To dance. --Smollett.
Hop \Hop\, n.
1. A leap on one leg, as of a boy; a leap, as of a toad; a
jump; a spring.
2. A dance; esp., an informal dance of ball. [Colloq.]
{Hop}, {skip} (or {step}), {and jump}, a game or athletic
sport in which the participants cover as much ground as
possible by a hop, stride, and jump in succession.
--Addison.
Hop \Hop\, n. [OE. hoppe; akin to D. hop, hoppe, OHG. hopfo, G.
hopfen; cf. LL. hupa, W. hopez, Armor. houpez, and Icel.
humall, SW. & Dan. humle.]
1. (Bot.) A climbing plant ({Humulus Lupulus}), having a
long, twining, annual stalk. It is cultivated for its
fruit (hops).
2. The catkin or strobilaceous fruit of the hop, much used in
brewing to give a bitter taste.
3. The fruit of the dog-rose. See {Hip}.
{Hop back}. (Brewing) See under 1st {Back}.
{Hop clover} (Bot.), a species of yellow clover having heads
like hops in miniature ({Trifolium agrarium}, and {T.
procumbens}).
{Hop flea} (Zo["o]l.), a small flea beetle ({Haltica
concinna}), very injurious to hops.
{Hop fly} (Zo["o]l.), an aphid ({Phorodon humuli}), very
injurious to hop vines.
{Hop froth fly} (Zo["o]l.), an hemipterous insect
({Aphrophora interrupta}), allied to the cockoo spits. It
often does great damage to hop vines.
{Hop hornbeam} (Bot.), an American tree of the genus {Ostrya}
({O. Virginica}) the American ironwood; also, a European
species ({O. vulgaris}).
{Hop moth} (Zo["o]l.), a moth ({Hypena humuli}), which in the
larval state is very injurious to hop vines.
{Hop picker}, one who picks hops.
{Hop pole}, a pole used to support hop vines.
{Hop tree} (Bot.), a small American tree ({Ptelia
trifoliata}), having broad, flattened fruit in large
clusters, sometimes used as a substitute for hops.
{Hop vine} (Bot.), the climbing vine or stalk of the hop.
Hop \Hop\, v. t.
To impregnate with hops. --Mortimer.
Hop \Hop\, v. i.
To gather hops.
Usage: [Perhaps only in the form {Hopping}, vb. n.]
Hopbine \Hop"bine`\, Hopbind \Hop"bind`\, n.
The climbing stem of the hop. --Blackstone.
Hope \Hope\, n. [Cf. Icel. h[=o]p a small bay or inlet.]
1. A sloping plain between mountain ridges. [Obs.]
2. A small bay; an inlet; a haven. [Scot.] --Jamieson.
Hope \Hope\, n. [AS., akin to D. hoop, hope, Sw. hopp, Dan.
haab, MHG. hoffe. Hope in forlorn hope is different word. See
Forlorn hope, under {Forlorn}.]
1. A desire of some good, accompanied with an expectation of
obtaining it, or a belief that it is obtainable; an
expectation of something which is thought to be desirable;
confidence; pleasing expectancy.
The hypocrite's hope shall perish. --Job vii. 13.
He wished, but not with hope. --Milton.
New thoughts of God, new hopes of Heaven. --Keble.
2. One who, or that which, gives hope, furnishes ground of
expectation, or promises desired good.
The Lord will be the hope of his people. --Joel iii.
16.
A young gentleman of great hopes, whose love of
learning was highly commendable. --Macaulay.
3. That which is hoped for; an object of hope.
Lavina is thine elder brother's hope. --Shak.
Hope \Hope\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hoped}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hoping}.] [AS. hopian; akin to D. hopen, Sw. hopp?, Dan.
haabe, G. hoffen. See 2nd {Hope}.]
1. To entertain or indulge hope; to cherish a desire of good,
or of something welcome, with expectation of obtaining it
or belief that it is obtainable; to expect; -- usually
followed by for. ``Hope for good success.'' --Jer. Taylor.
But I will hope continually. --Ps. lxxi.
14.
2. To place confidence; to trust with confident expectation
of good; -- usually followed by in. ``I hope in thy
word.'' --Ps. cxix. 81.
Why art thou cast down, O my soul? and why art thou
disquieted within me? Hope thou in God. --Ps. xlii.
11.
Hope \Hope\, v. t.
1. To desire with expectation or with belief in the
possibility or prospect of obtaining; to look forward to
as a thing desirable, with the expectation of obtaining
it; to cherish hopes of.
We hope no other from your majesty. --Shak.
[Charity] hopeth all things. --1 Cor. xiii.
7.
2. To expect; to fear. [Obs.] ``I hope he will be dead.''
--Chaucer.
Note: Hope is often used colloquially regarding
uncertainties, with no reference to the future. ``I
hope she takes me to be flesh and blood.'' --Mrs.
Centlivre.
Hopeful \Hope"ful\, a.
1. Full of hope, or agreeable expectation; inclined to hope;
expectant.
Men of their own natural inclination hopeful and
strongly conceited. --Hooker.
2. Having qualities which excite hope; affording promise of
good or of success; as, a hopeful youth; a hopeful
prospect. ``Hopeful scholars.'' --Addison. --
{Hope"ful*ly}, adv. -- {Hope"ful*ness}, n.
Hopeite \Hope"ite\, n. [Named after Professor Hope, of
Edinburgh.] (Min.)
A hydrous phosphate of zinc in transparent prismatic
crystals.
Hopeless \Hope"less\, a.
1. Destitute of hope; having no expectation of good;
despairing.
I am a woman, friendless, hopeless. --Shak.
2. Giving no ground of hope; promising nothing desirable;
desperate; as, a hopeless cause.
The hopelessword of ``never to return'' Breathe I
against thee, upon pain of life. --Shak.
3. Unhoped for; despaired of. [Obs.] --Marston. --
{Hope"less*ly}, adv. -- {Hope"less*ness}, n.
Hoper \Hop"er\, n.
One who hopes. --Swift.
Hopingly \Hop"ing*ly\, adv.
In a hopeful manner. --Hammond.
Hoplite \Hop"lite\, n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? tool, weapon: cf. F.
hoplite.] (Gr. Antiq.)
A heavy-armed infantry soldier. --Milford.
Hop-o'-my-thumb \Hop"-o'-my-thumb"\, Hop-thumb \Hop"-thumb"\, n.
A very diminutive person. [Colloq.] --liwell.
Hopped \Hopped\, p. a.
Impregnated with hops.
Hopper \Hop"per\, n. [See 1st {Hop}.]
1. One who, or that which, hops.
2. A chute, box, or receptacle, usually funnel-shaped with an
opening at the lower part, for delivering or feeding any
material, as to a machine; as, the wooden box with its
trough through which grain passes into a mill by joining
or shaking, or a funnel through which fuel passes into a
furnace, or coal, etc., into a car.
3. (Mus.) See {Grasshopper}, 2.
4. pl. A game. See {Hopscotch}. --Johnson.
5. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) See {Grasshopper}, and {Frog hopper}, {Grape hopper},
{Leaf hopper}, {Tree hopper}, under {Frog}, {Grape},
{Leaf}, and {Tree}.
(b) The larva of a cheese fly.
6. (Naut.) A vessel for carrying waste, garbage, etc., out to
sea, so constructed as to discharge its load by a
mechanical contrivance; -- called also {dumping scow}.
{Bell and hopper} (Metal.), the apparatus at the top of a
blast furnace, through which the charge is introduced,
while the gases are retained.
{Hopper boy}, a rake in a mill, moving in a circle to spread
meal for drying, and to draw it over an opening in the
floor, through which it falls.
{Hopper closet}, a water-closet, without a movable pan, in
which the receptacle is a funnel standing on a draintrap.
{Hopper cock}, a faucet or valve for flushing the hopper of a
water-closet.
Hopperings \Hop"per*ings\, n. (Gold Washing)
Gravel retaining in the hopper of a cradle.
Hoppestere \Hop`pes*tere"\, a.
An unexplained epithet used by Chaucer in reference to ships.
By some it is defined as ``dancing (on the wave)''; by others
as ``opposing,'' ``warlike.'' --T. R. Lounsbury.
Hoppet \Hop"pet\, n.
1. A hand basket; also, a dish used by miners for measuring
ore. [Prov. Eng.]
2. An infant in arms. [Prov. Eng.] --Halliwell.
Hopping \Hop"ping\, n.
The act of one who, or that which, hops; a jumping, frisking,
or dancing.
{Hopping Dick} (Zo["o]l.), a thrush of Jamaica ({Merula
leucogenys}), resembling the English blackbird in its
familiar manners, agreeable song, and dark plumage.
Hopping \Hop"ping\, n. [See 3rd {Hop}.]
A gathering of hops.
Hopple \Hop"ple\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hoppled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hoppling}.] [From {Hop}; cf. {Hobble}.]
1. To impede by a hopple; to tie the feet of (a horse or a
cow) loosely together; to hamper; to hobble; as, to hopple
an unruly or straying horse.
2. Fig.: To entangle; to hamper. --Dr. H. More.
Hopple \Hop"ple\, n.
A fetter for horses, or cattle, when turned out to graze; --
chiefly used in the plural.
Hopplebush \Hop"ple*bush`\, n.
Same as {Hobblebush}.
Hoppo \Hop"po\, n.
(a) A collector of customs, as at Canton; an overseer of
commerce.
(b) A tribunal or commission having charge of the revenue
derived from trade and navigation. [China]
{Hoppo men}, Chinese customhouse officers.
Hopscotch \Hop"scotch`\, n.
A child's game, in which a player, hopping on one foot,
drives a stone from one compartment to another of a figure
traced or scotched on the ground; -- called also {hoppers}.
Hop-thumb \Hop"-thumb`\, n.
See {Hop-o'-my-thumb}.
Hopyard \Hop"yard`\, n.
A field where hops are raised.
Horal \Ho"ral\, a. [L. horalis, fr. hora hour. See {Hour}.]
Of or pertaining to an hour, or to hours. --Prior.
Horaly \Ho"ra*ly\, adv.
Hourly. [Obs.]
Horary \Ho"ra*ry\, a. [LL. horarius, fr. L. hora hour: cf. F.
horaire. See {Hour}.]
1. Of or pertaining to an hour; noting the hours.
--Spectator.
2. Occurring once an hour; continuing an hour; hourly;
ephemeral.
Horary, or soon decaying, fruits of summer. --Sir T.
Browne.
{Horary circles}. See {Circles}.
Horatian \Ho*ra"tian\, a.
Of or pertaining to Horace, the Latin poet, or resembling his
style.
Horde \Horde\, n. [F. horde (cf. G. horde), fr. Turk. ord?,
ord[=i], camp; of Tartar origin.]
A wandering troop or gang; especially, a clan or tribe of a
nomadic people migrating from place to place for the sake of
pasturage, plunder, etc.; a predatory multitude. --Thomson.
Hordeic \Hor*de"ic\, a. [L. hordeum barley.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, barley; as, hordeic acid, an
acid identical or isomeric with lauric acid.
Hordein \Hor"de*in\, n. [L. hordeum barley.] (Chem.)
A peculiar starchy matter contained in barley. It is complex
mixture. [R.]
Hordeolum \Hor*de"o*lum\, n. [NL., fr. L. hordeolus, dim. of
hordeum barley.] (Med.)
A small tumor upon the eyelid, resembling a grain of barley;
a sty.
Hordock \Hor"dock`\, n.
An unidentified plant mentioned by Shakespeare, perhaps
equivalent to burdock.
Hore \Hore\, a.
Hoar. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Horehound \Hore"hound`\, n. [OE. horehune, AS. h[=a]rhune;
h[=a]r hoar, gray + hune horehound; cf. L. cunila a species
of organum, Gr. ?, Skr. kn?y to smell.] (Bot.)
A plant of the genus {Marrubium} ({M. vulgare}), which has a
bitter taste, and is a weak tonic, used as a household remedy
for colds, coughing, etc. [Written also {hoarhound}.]
{Fetid horehound}, or {Black horehound}, a disagreeable plant
resembling horehound ({Ballota nigra}).
{Water horehound}, a species of the genus {Lycopus},
resembling mint, but not aromatic.
Horizon \Ho*ri"zon\, n. [F., fr. L. horizon, fr. Gr. ? (sc. ?)
the bounding line, horizon, fr. ? to bound, fr. ? boundary,
limit.]
1. The circle which bounds that part of the earth's surface
visible to a spectator from a given point; the apparent
junction of the earth and sky.
And when the morning sun shall raise his car Above
the border of this horizon. --Shak.
All the horizon round Invested with bright rays.
--Milton.
2. (Astron.)
(a) A plane passing through the eye of the spectator and
at right angles to the vertical at a given place; a
plane tangent to the earth's surface at that place;
called distinctively the sensible horizon.
(b) A plane parallel to the sensible horizon of a place,
and passing through the earth's center; -- called also
{rational or celestial horizon}.
(c) (Naut.) The unbroken line separating sky and water, as
seen by an eye at a given elevation, no land being
visible.
3. (Geol.) The epoch or time during which a deposit was made.
The strata all over the earth, which were formed at
the same time, are said to belong to the same
geological horizon. --Le Conte.
4. (Painting) The chief horizontal line in a picture of any
sort, which determines in the picture the height of the
eye of the spectator; in an extended landscape, the
representation of the natural horizon corresponds with
this line.
{Apparent horizon}. See under {Apparent}.
{Artificial horizon}, a level mirror, as the surface of
mercury in a shallow vessel, or a plane reflector adjusted
to the true level artificially; -- used chiefly with the
sextant for observing the double altitude of a celestial
body.
{Celestial horizon}. (Astron.) See def. 2, above.
{Dip of the horizon} (Astron.), the vertical angle between
the sensible horizon and a line to the visible horizon,
the latter always being below the former.
{Rational horizon}, and {Sensible horizon}. (Astron.) See
def. 2, above.
{Visible horizon}. See definitions 1 and 2, above.
Horizontal \Hor`i*zon"tal\, a. [Cf. F. horizontal.]
1. Pertaining to, or near, the horizon. ``Horizontal misty
air.'' --Milton.
2. Parallel to the horizon; on a level; as, a horizontalline
or surface.
3. Measured or contained in a plane of the horizon; as,
horizontal distance.
{Horizontal drill}, a drilling machine having a horizontal
drill spindle.
{Horizontal engine}, one the piston of which works
horizontally.
{Horizontal fire} (Mil.), the fire of ordnance and small arms
at point-blank range or at low angles of elevation.
{Horizontal force} (Physics), the horizontal component of the
earth's magnetic force.
{Horizontal line} (Descriptive Geometry & Drawing), a
constructive line, either drawn or imagined, which passes
through the point of sight, and is the chief line in the
projection upon which all verticals are fixed, and upon
which all vanishing points are found.
{Horizontal parallax}. See under {Parallax}.
{Horizontal plane} (Descriptive Geometry), a plane parallel
to the horizon, upon which it is assumed that objects are
projected. See {Projection}. It is upon the horizontal
plane that the ground plan of the buildings is supposed to
be drawn.
{Horizontal projection}, a projection made on a plane
parallel to the horizon.
{Horizontal range} (Gunnery), the distance in a horizontal
plane to which a gun will throw a projectile.
{Horizontal water wheel}, a water wheel in which the axis is
vertical, the buckets or floats revolving in a horizontal
plane, as in most turbines.
Horizontality \Hor`i*zon*tal"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
horizontalit['e].]
The state or quality of being horizontal. --Kirwan.
Horizontally \Hor`i*zon"tal*ly\, adv.
In a horizontal direction or position; on a level; as, moving
horizontally.
Hormogonium \Hor`mo*go*ni"um\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?a chain + ?
generation.] (Bot.)
A chain of small cells in certain alg[ae], by which the plant
is propogated.
Horn \Horn\, n. [AS. horn; akin to D. horen, hoorn, G., Icel.,
Sw., & Dan. horn, Goth. ha['u]rn, W., Gael., & Ir. corn, L.
cornu, Gr. ?, and perh. also to E. cheer, cranium, cerebral;
cf. Skr. [,c]iras head. Cf. {Carat}, {Corn} on the foot,
{Cornea}, {Corner}, {Cornet}, {Cornucopia}, {Hart}.]
1. A hard, projecting, and usually pointed organ, growing
upon the heads of certain animals, esp. of the ruminants,
as cattle, goats, and the like. The hollow horns of the Ox
family consist externally of true horn, and are never
shed.
2. The antler of a deer, which is of bone throughout, and
annually shed and renewed.
3. (Zo["o]l.) Any natural projection or excrescence from an
animal, resembling or thought to resemble a horn in
substance or form; esp.:
(a) A projection from the beak of a bird, as in the
hornbill.
(b) A tuft of feathers on the head of a bird, as in the
horned owl.
(c) A hornlike projection from the head or thorax of an
insect, or the head of a reptile, or fish.
(d) A sharp spine in front of the fins of a fish, as in
the horned pout.
4. (Bot.) An incurved, tapering and pointed appendage found
in the flowers of the milkweed ({Asclepias}).
5. Something made of a horn, or in resemblance of a horn; as:
(a) A wind instrument of music; originally, one made of a
horn (of an ox or a ram); now applied to various
elaborately wrought instruments of brass or other
metal, resembling a horn in shape. ``Wind his horn
under the castle wall.'' --Spenser. See {French horn},
under {French}.
(b) A drinking cup, or beaker, as having been originally
made of the horns of cattle. ``Horns of mead and
ale.'' --Mason.
(c) The cornucopia, or horn of plenty. See {Cornucopia}.
``Fruits and flowers from Amalth[ae]a's horn.''
--Milton.
(d) A vessel made of a horn; esp., one designed for
containing powder; anciently, a small vessel for
carrying liquids. ``Samuel took the hornof oil and
anointed him [David].'' --1 Sam. xvi. 13.
(e) The pointed beak of an anvil.
(f) The high pommel of a saddle; also, either of the
projections on a lady's saddle for supporting the leg.
(g) (Arch.) The Ionic volute.
(h) (Naut.) The outer end of a crosstree; also, one of the
projections forming the jaws of a gaff, boom, etc.
(i) (Carp.) A curved projection on the fore part of a
plane.
(j) One of the projections at the four corners of the
Jewish altar of burnt offering. ``Joab . . . caught
hold on the horns of the altar.'' --1 Kings ii. 28.
6. One of the curved ends of a crescent; esp., an extremity
or cusp of the moon when crescent-shaped.
The moon Wears a wan circle round her blunted horns.
--Thomson.
7. (Mil.) The curving extremity of the wing of an army or of
a squadron drawn up in a crescentlike form.
Sharpening in mooned horns Their phalanx. --Milton.
8. The tough, fibrous material of which true horns are
composed, being, in the Ox family, chiefly albuminous,
with some phosphate of lime; also, any similar substance,
as that which forms the hoof crust of horses, sheep, and
cattle; as, a spoon of horn.
9. (Script.) A symbol of strength, power, glory, exaltation,
or pride.
The Lord is . . . the horn of my salvation. --Ps.
xviii. 2.
10. An emblem of a cuckold; -- used chiefly in the plural.
``Thicker than a cuckold's horn.'' --Shak.
{Horn block}, the frame or pedestal in which a railway car
axle box slides up and down; -- also called {horn plate}.
{Horn of a dilemma}. See under {Dilemma}.
{Horn distemper}, a disease of cattle, affecting the internal
substance of the horn.
{Horn drum}, a wheel with long curved scoops, for raising
water.
{Horn lead} (Chem.), chloride of lead.
{Horn maker}, a maker of cuckolds. [Obs.] --Shak.
{Horn mercury}. (Min.) Same as {Horn quicksilver} (below).
{Horn poppy} (Bot.), a plant allied to the poppy ({Glaucium
luteum}), found on the sandy shores of Great Britain and
Virginia; -- called also {horned poppy}. --Gray.
{Horn pox} (Med.), abortive smallpox with an eruption like
that of chicken pox.
{Horn quicksilver} (Min.), native calomel, or bichloride of
mercury.
{Horn shell} (Zo["o]l.), any long, sharp, spiral, gastropod
shell, of the genus {Cerithium}, and allied genera.
{Horn silver} (Min.), cerargyrite.
{Horn slate}, a gray, siliceous stone.
{To haul in one's horns}, to withdraw some arrogant
pretension. [Colloq.]
{To} {raise, or lift}, {the horn} (Script.), to exalt one's
self; to act arrogantly. ``'Gainst them that raised thee
dost thou lift thy horn?'' --Milton.
{To take a horn}, to take a drink of intoxicating liquor.
[Low]
Horn \Horn\, v. t.
1. To furnish with horns; to give the shape of a horn to.
2. To cause to wear horns; to cuckold. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hornbeak \Horn"beak`\, n.
A fish. See {Hornfish}.
Hornbeam \Horn"beam`\, n. [See {Beam}.] (Bot.)
A tree of the genus {Carpinus} ({C. Americana}), having a
smooth gray bark and a ridged trunk, the wood being white and
very hard. It is common along the banks of streams in the
United States, and is also called {ironwood}. The English
hornbeam is {C. Betulus}. The American is called also {blue
beech} and {water beech}.
{Hop hornbeam}. (Bot.) See under {Hop}.
Hornbill \Horn"bill`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Any bird of the family {Bucerotid[ae]}, of which about sixty
species are known, belonging to numerous genera. They inhabit
the tropical parts of Asia, Africa, and the East Indies, and
are remarkable for having a more or less horn-like
protuberance, which is usually large and hollow and is
situated on the upper side of the beak. The size of the
hornbill varies from that of a pigeon to that of a raven, or
even larger. They feed chiefly upon fruit, but some species
eat dead animals.
Hornblende \Horn"blende`\, n. [G., fr. horn horn + blende
blende.] (Min.)
The common black, or dark green or brown, variety of
amphibole. (See {Amphibole}.) It belongs to the aluminous
division of the species, and is also characterized by its
containing considerable iron. Also used as a general term to
include the whole species.
{Hornblende schist} (Geol.), a hornblende rock of schistose
structure.
Hornblendic \Horn*blend"ic\, a.
Composed largely of hornblende; resembling or relating to
hornblende.
Hornblower \Horn"blow`er\, n. [AS. hornbl[=a]were.]
One who, or that which, blows a horn.
Hornbook \Horn"book`\, n.
1. The first book for children, or that from which in former
times they learned their letters and rudiments; -- so
called because a sheet of horn covered the small, thin
board of oak, or the slip of paper, on which the alphabet,
digits, and often the Lord's Prayer, were written or
printed; a primer. ``He teaches boys the hornbook.''
--Shak.
2. A book containing the rudiments of any science or branch
of knowledge; a manual; a handbook.
Hornbug \Horn"bug`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A large nocturnal beetle of the genus {Lucanus} (as {L.
capreolus}, and {L. dama}), having long, curved upper jaws,
resembling a sickle. The grubs are found in the trunks of old
trees.
Horned \Horned\, a.
Furnished with a horn or horns; furnished with a hornlike
process or appendage; as, horned cattle; having some part
shaped like a horn.
The horned moon with one bright star Within the nether
tip. --Coleridge.
{Horned bee} (Zo["o]l.), a British wild bee ({Osmia
bicornis}), having two little horns on the head.
{Horned dace} (Zo["o]l.), an American cyprinoid fish
({Semotilus corporialis}) common in brooks and ponds; the
common chub. See Illust. of {Chub}.
{Horned frog} (Zo["o]l.), a very large Brazilian frog
({Ceratophrys cornuta}), having a pair of triangular horns
arising from the eyelids.
{Horned grebe} (Zo["o]l.), a species of grebe ({Colymbus
auritus}), of Arctic Europe and America, having two dense
tufts of feathers on the head.
{Horned horse} (Zo["o]l.), the gnu.
{Horned lark} (Zo["o]l.), the shore lark.
{Horned lizard} (Zo["o]l.), the horned toad.
{Horned owl} (Zo["o]l.), a large North American owl ({Bubo
Virginianus}), having a pair of elongated tufts of
feathers on the head. Several distinct varieties are
known; as, the Arctic, Western, dusky, and striped horned
owls, differing in color, and inhabiting different
regions; -- called also {great horned owl}, {horn owl},
{eagle owl}, and {cat owl}. Sometimes also applied to the
{long-eared owl}. See {Eared owl}, under {Eared}.
{Horned poppy}. (Bot.) See {Horn poppy}, under {Horn}.
{Horned pout} (Zo["o]l.), an American fresh-water siluroid
fish; the bullpout.
{Horned rattler} (Zo["o]l.), a species of rattlesnake
({Crotalus cerastes}), inhabiting the dry, sandy plains,
from California to Mexico. It has a pair of triangular
horns between the eyes; -- called also {sidewinder}.
{Horned ray} (Zo["o]l.), the sea devil.
{Horned screamer} (Zo["o]l.), the kamichi.
{Horned snake} (Zo["o]l.), the cerastes.
{Horned toad} (Zo["o]l.), any lizard of the genus
{Phrynosoma}, of which nine or ten species are known.
These lizards have several hornlike spines on the head,
and a broad, flat body, covered with spiny scales. They
inhabit the dry, sandy plains from California to Mexico
and Texas. Called also {horned lizard}.
{Horned viper}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Cerastes}.
Hornedness \Horn"ed*ness\, n.
The condition of being horned.
Hornel \Horn"el\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The European sand eel. [Scot.]
Horner \Horn"er\, n.
1. One who works or deal in horn or horns. [R.] --Grew.
2. One who winds or blows the horn. [Obs.] --Sherwood.
3. One who horns or cuckolds. [Obs.] --Massinger.
4. (Zo["o]l.) The British sand lance or sand eel ({Ammodytes
lanceolatus}).
Hornet \Hor"net\, n. [AS. hyrnet; akin to OHG. hornaz, hornuz,
G. horniss; perh. akin to E. horn, and named from the sound
it makes as if blowing the horn; but more prob. akin to D.
horzel, Lith. szirszone, L. crabo.] (Zo["o]l.)
A large, strong wasp. The European species ({Vespa crabro})
is of a dark brown and yellow color. It is very pugnacious,
and its sting is very severe. Its nest is constructed of a
paperlike material, and the layers of comb are hung together
by columns. The American white-faced hornet ({V. maculata})
is larger and has similar habits.
{Hornet fly} (Zo["o]l.), any dipterous insect of the genus
{Asilus}, and allied genera, of which there are numerous
species. They are large and fierce flies which capture
bees and other insects, often larger than themselves, and
suck their blood. Called also {hawk fly}, {robber fly}.
{To stir up a hornet's nest}, to provoke the attack of a
swarm of spiteful enemies or spirited critics. [Colloq.]
Hornfish \Horn"fish`\, n. [AS. hornfisc.] (Zo["o]l.)
The garfish or sea needle.
Hornfoot \Horn"foot`\, a.
Having hoofs; hoofed.
Hornify \Horn"i*fy\, v. t. [Horn + -fy.]
To horn; to cuckold. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
Horning \Horn"ing\, n.
Appearance of the moon when increasing, or in the form of a
crescent. --J. Gregory.
{Letters of horning} (Scots Law), the process or authority by
which a person, directed by the decree of a court of
justice to pay or perform anything, is ordered to comply
therewith. --Mozley & W.
Hornish \Horn"ish\, a.
Somewhat like horn; hard.
Hornito \Hor*ni"to\, n. [A dim. fr. Sp. horno oven, L. furnus.
See {Furnace}.] (Geol.)
A low, oven-shaped mound, common in volcanic regions, and
emitting smoke and vapors from its sides and summit.
--Humboldt.
Hornless \Horn"less\, a.
Having no horn.
Horn-mad \Horn"-mad`\, a.
Quite mad; -- raving crazy.
Did I tell you about Mr. Garrick, that the town are
horn-mad after? --Gray.
Hornotine \Hor"no*tine\, n. [L. hornotinus of this year.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A yearling; a bird of the year.
Hornowl \Horn"owl`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
See {Horned Owl}.
Hornpike \Horn"pike`\, n.
The garfish. [Prov. Eng.]
Hornpipe \Horn"pipe`\, n. (Mus.)
(a) An instrument of music formerly popular in Wales,
consisting of a wooden pipe, with holes at intervals. It
was so called because the bell at the open end was
sometimes made of horn.
(b) A lively tune played on a hornpipe, for dancing; a tune
adapted for such playing.
Many a hornpipe he tuned to his Phyllis. --Sir W.
Raleigh.
(c) A dance performed, usually by one person, to such a tune,
and popular among sailors.
Hornpout \Horn"pout`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
See {Horned pout}, under {Horned}.
Hornsnake \Horn"snake`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A harmless snake ({Farancia abacura}), found in the Southern
United States. The color is bluish black above, red below.
Hornstone \Horn"stone`\, n. (Min.)
A siliceous stone, a variety of quartz, closely resembling
flint, but more brittle; -- called also {chert}.
Horntail \Horn"tail`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Any one of family ({Urocerid[ae]}) of large hymenopterous
insects, allied to the sawflies. The larv[ae] bore in the
wood of trees. So called from the long, stout ovipositors of
the females.
Hornwork \Horn"work`\, n. (Fort.)
An outwork composed of two demibastions joined by a curtain.
It is connected with the works in rear by long wings.
Hornwort \Horn"wort`\, n. (Bot.)
An aquatic plant ({Ceratophyllum}), with finely divided
leaves.
Hornwrack \Horn"wrack`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A bryozoan of the genus {Flustra}.
Horny \Horn"y\, a. [Compar. {Hornier}; superl. {Horniest}.]
1. Having horns or hornlike projections. --Gay.
2. Composed or made of horn, or of a substance resembling
horn; of the nature of horn. ``The horny . . . coat of the
eye.'' --Ray.
3. Hard; callous. ``His horny fist.'' --Dryden.
Horny-handed \Horn"y-hand`ed\, a.
Having the hands horny and callous from labor.
Hornyhead \Horn"y*head`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Any North American river chub of the genus {Hybopsis}, esp.
{H. biguttatus}.
Horography \Ho*rog"ra*phy\, n. [Gr. ? hour + -graphy: cf. F.
horographie.]
1. An account of the hours. --Chaucer.
2. The art of constructing instruments for making the hours,
as clocks, watches, and dials.
Horologe \Hor"o*loge\, n. [OE. horologe, orloge, timepiece, OF.
horloge, orloge, oriloge, F. horloge, L. horologium, fr. Gr.
?; ? hour + ? to say, tell. See {Hour}, and {Logic}.]
1. A servant who called out the hours. [Obs.]
2. An instrument indicating the time of day; a timepiece of
any kind; a watch, clock, or dial. --Shak.
Horologer \Ho*rol"o*ger\, n.
A maker or vender of clocks and watches; one skilled in
horology.
Horological \Hor`o*log"ic*al\, a. [L. horologicus, Gr. ?.]
Relating to a horologe, or to horology.
Horologiographer \Hor`o*lo`gi*og"ra*pher\, n. [See
{Horologiography}.]
A maker of clocks, watches, or dials.
Horologiographic \Hor`o*lo`gi*o*graph"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to horologiography. --Chambers.
Horologiography \Hor`o*lo`gi*og"ra*phy\, n. [Gr. ? horologe +
-graphy.]
1. An account of instruments that show the hour.
2. The art of constructing clocks or dials; horography.
Horologist \Ho*rol"o*gist\, n.
One versed in horology.
Horology \Ho*rol"o*gy\, n. [See {Horologe}.]
The science of measuring time, or the principles and art of
constructing instruments for measuring and indicating
portions of time, as clocks, watches, dials, etc.
Horometer \Ho*rom"e*ter\, n. [Gr. ? hour + -meter.]
An instrument for measuring time.
Horometrical \Hor`o*met"ric*al\, a.
Belonging to horometry.
Horometry \Ho*rom"e*try\, n. [Cf. F. horom['e]trie. See
{Horometer}.]
The art, practice, or method of measuring time by hours and
subordinate divisions. ``The horometry of antiquity.'' --Sir
T. Browne.
Horopter \Ho*rop"ter\, n. [Gr. ? boundary + ? one who looks.]
(Opt.)
The line or surface in which are situated all the points
which are seen single while the point of sight, or the
adjustment of the eyes, remains unchanged.
The sum of all the points which are seen single, while
the point of sight remains unchanged, is called the
horopter. --J. Le Conte.
Horopteric \Hor`op*ter"ic\, a. (Opt.)
Of or pertaining to the horopter.
Horoscope \Hor"o*scope\, n. [F. horoscope, L. horoscopus, fr.
Gr. ?, adj., observing hours or times, esp. observing the
hour of birth, n., a horoscope; ? hour + ? to view, observe.
See {Hour}, and {-scope}.]
1. (Astrol.)
(a) The representation made of the aspect of the heavens
at the moment of a person's birth, by which the
astrologer professed to foretell the events of the
person's life; especially, the sign of the zodiac
rising above the horizon at such a moment.
(b) The diagram or scheme of twelve houses or signs of the
zodiac, into which the whole circuit of the heavens
was divided for the purposes of such prediction of
fortune.
2. The planisphere invented by Jean Paduanus.
3. A table showing the length of the days and nights at all
places. --Heyse.
Horoscoper \Hor"o*sco`per\, Horoscopist \Ho*ros"co*pist\, n.
One versed in horoscopy; an astrologer.
Horoscopy \Ho*ros"co*py\, n.
1. The art or practice of casting horoscopes, or observing
the disposition of the stars, with a view to prediction
events.
2. Aspect of the stars at the time of a person's birth.
Horrendous \Hor*ren"dous\, a. [L. horrendus.]
Fearful; frightful. [Obs.] --I. Watts.
Horrent \Hor"rent\, a. [L. horrens, p. pr. of horrere to
bristle. See {Horror}.]
Standing erect, as bristles; covered with bristling points;
bristled; bristling.
Rough and horrent with figures in strong relief. --De
Quincey.
With bright emblazonry and horrent arms. --Milton.
Horrible \Hor"ri*ble\, a. [OE. horrible, orrible, OF. horrible,
orrible, F. horrible, fr. L. horribilis, fr. horrere. See
{Horror}.]
Exciting, or tending to excite, horror or fear; dreadful;
terrible; shocking; hideous; as, a horrible sight; a horrible
story; a horrible murder.
A dungeon horrible on all sides round. --Milton.
Syn: Dreadful; frightful; fearful; terrible; awful; terrific;
shocking; hideous; horrid.
Horribleness \Hor"ri*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being horrible; dreadfulness;
hideousness.
The horribleness of the mischief. --Sir P.
Sidney.
Horribly \Hor"ri*bly\, adv.
In a manner to excite horror; dreadfully; terribly.
Horrid \Hor"rid\, a. [L. horridus. See {Horror}, and cf.
{Ordure}.]
1. Rough; rugged; bristling. [Archaic]
Horrid with fern, and intricate with thorn.
--Dryden.
2. Fitted to excite horror; dreadful; hideous; shocking;
hence, very offensive.
Not in the legions Of horrid hell. --Shak.
The horrid things they say. --Pope.
Syn: Frightful; hideous; alarming; shocking; dreadful; awful;
terrific; horrible; abominable.
Horridly \Hor"rid*ly\, adv.
In a horrid manner. --Shak.
Horridness \Hor"rid*ness\, n.
The quality of being horrid.
Horrific \Hor*rif"ic\, a. [L. horrifieus; horrere to be horrible
+ -ficare (in comp.) to make: cf. F. horrifique. See
{Horror}, {-fy}.]
Causing horror; frightful.
Let . . . nothing ghastly or horrific be supposed. --I.
Taylor.
Horrification \Hor`ri*fi*ca"tion\, n.
That which causes horror. [R.] --Miss Edgeworth.
Horrify \Hor"ri*fy\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Horrified}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Horrifying}.] [L. horrificare. See {Horrific}.]
To cause to feel horror; to strike or impress with horror;
as, the sight horrified the beholders. --E. Irving.
Horripilation \Hor*rip`i*la"tion\, n. [L. horripilatio, fr.
horripilare to bristle; horrere to bristle + pilus the hair:
cf. F. horripilation.] (Med.)
A real or fancied bristling of the hair of the head or body,
resulting from disease, terror, chilliness, etc.
Horrisonant \Hor*ris"o*nant\, a.
Horrisonous. [Obs.]
Horrisonous \Hor*ris"o*nous\, a. [L. horrisonus; horrere to be
horrible + sonus a sound.]
Sounding dreadfully; uttering a terrible sound. [Obs.]
--Bailey.
Horror \Hor"ror\, n. [Formerly written horrour.] [L. horror, fr.
horrere to bristle, to shiver, to tremble with cold or dread,
to be dreadful or terrible; cf. Skr. h?sh to bristle.]
1. A bristling up; a rising into roughness; tumultuous
movement. [Archaic]
Such fresh horror as you see driven through the
wrinkled waves. --Chapman.
2. A shaking, shivering, or shuddering, as in the cold fit
which precedes a fever; in old medical writings, a chill
of less severity than a rigor, and more marked than an
algor.
3. A painful emotion of fear, dread, and abhorrence; a
shuddering with terror and detestation; the feeling
inspired by something frightful and shocking.
How could this, in the sight of heaven, without
horrors of conscience be uttered? --Milton.
4. That which excites horror or dread, or is horrible; gloom;
dreariness.
Breathes a browner horror on the woods. --Pope.
{The horrors}, delirium tremens. [Colloq.]
Horror-sticken \Hor"ror-stick`en\, a.
Struck with horror; horrified.
Blank and horror-stricken faces. --C. Kingsley.
Horror-struck \Hor"ror-struck`\, a.
Horror-stricken; horrified. --M. Arnold.
Hors de combat \Hors` de com`bat"\ [F.]
Out of the combat; disabled from fighting.
Horse \Horse\ (h[^o]rs), n. [AS. hors; akin to OS. hros, D. &
OHG. ros, G. ross, Icel. hross; and perh. to L. currere to
run, E. course, current Cf. {Walrus}.]
1. (Zo["o]l.) A hoofed quadruped of the genus {Equus};
especially, the domestic horse ({E. caballus}), which was
domesticated in Egypt and Asia at a very early period. It
has six broad molars, on each side of each jaw, with six
incisors, and two canine teeth, both above and below. The
mares usually have the canine teeth rudimentary or
wanting. The horse differs from the true asses, in having
a long, flowing mane, and the tail bushy to the base.
Unlike the asses it has callosities, or chestnuts, on all
its legs. The horse excels in strength, speed, docility,
courage, and nobleness of character, and is used for
drawing, carrying, bearing a rider, and like purposes.
Note: Many varieties, differing in form, size, color, gait,
speed, etc., are known, but all are believed to have
been derived from the same original species. It is
supposed to have been a native of the plains of Central
Asia, but the wild species from which it was derived is
not certainly known. The feral horses of America are
domestic horses that have run wild; and it is probably
true that most of those of Asia have a similar origin.
Some of the true wild Asiatic horses do, however,
approach the domestic horse in several characteristics.
Several species of fossil ({Equus}) are known from the
later Tertiary formations of Europe and America. The
fossil species of other genera of the family
{Equid[ae]} are also often called horses, in general
sense.
2. The male of the genus horse, in distinction from the
female or male; usually, a castrated male.
3. Mounted soldiery; cavalry; -- used without the plural
termination; as, a regiment of horse; -- distinguished
from foot.
The armies were appointed, consisting of twenty-five
thousand horse and foot. --Bacon.
4. A frame with legs, used to support something; as, a
clotheshorse, a sawhorse, etc.
5. A frame of timber, shaped like a horse, on which soldiers
were made to ride for punishment.
6. Anything, actual or figurative, on which one rides as on a
horse; a hobby.
7. (Mining) A mass of earthy matter, or rock of the same
character as the wall rock, occurring in the course of a
vein, as of coal or ore; hence, to take horse -- said of a
vein -- is to divide into branches for a distance.
8. (Naut.)
(a) See {Footrope}, a.
(b) A breastband for a leadsman.
(c) An iron bar for a sheet traveler to slide upon.
(d) A jackstay. --W. C. Russell. --Totten.
Note: Horse is much used adjectively and in composition to
signify of, or having to do with, a horse or horses,
like a horse, etc.; as, horse collar, horse dealer or
horse?dealer, horsehoe, horse jockey; and hence, often
in the sense of strong, loud, coarse, etc.; as,
horselaugh, horse nettle or horse-nettle, horseplay,
horse ant, etc.
{Black horse}, {Blood horse}, etc. See under {Black}, etc.
{Horse aloes}, caballine aloes.
{Horse ant} (Zo["o]l.), a large ant ({Formica rufa}); --
called also {horse emmet}.
{Horse artillery}, that portion of the artillery in which the
cannoneers are mounted, and which usually serves with the
cavalry; flying artillery.
{Horse balm} (Bot.), a strong-scented labiate plant
({Collinsonia Canadensis}), having large leaves and
yellowish flowers.
{Horse bean} (Bot.), a variety of the English or Windsor bean
({Faba vulgaris}), grown for feeding horses.
{Horse boat}, a boat for conveying horses and cattle, or a
boat propelled by horses.
{Horse bot}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Botfly}, and {Bots}.
{Horse box}, a railroad car for transporting valuable horses,
as hunters. [Eng.]
{Horse} {breaker or trainer}, one employed in subduing or
training horses for use.
{Horse car}.
(a) A railroad car drawn by horses. See under {Car}.
(b) A car fitted for transporting horses.
{Horse cassia} (Bot.), a leguminous plant ({Cassia
Javanica}), bearing long pods, which contain a black,
catharic pulp, much used in the East Indies as a horse
medicine.
{Horse cloth}, a cloth to cover a horse.
{Horse conch} (Zo["o]l.), a large, spiral, marine shell of
the genus Triton. See {Triton}.
{Horse courser}.
(a) One that runs horses, or keeps horses for racing.
--Johnson.
(b) A dealer in horses. [Obs.] --Wiseman.
{Horse crab} (Zo["o]l.), the Limulus; -- called also
{horsefoot}, {horsehoe crab}, and {king crab}.
{Horse crevall['e]} (Zo["o]l.), the cavally.
{Horse emmet} (Zo["o]l.), the horse ant.
{Horse finch} (Zo["o]l.), the chaffinch. [Prov. Eng.]
{Horse gentian} (Bot.), fever root.
{Horse iron} (Naut.), a large calking iron.
{Horse latitudes}, a space in the North Atlantic famous for
calms and baffling winds, being between the westerly winds
of higher latitudes and the trade winds. --Ham. Nav.
Encyc.
{Horse mackrel}. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The common tunny ({Orcynus thunnus}), found on the
Atlantic coast of Europe and America, and in the
Mediterranean.
(b) The bluefish ({Pomatomus saltatrix}).
(c) The scad.
(d) The name is locally applied to various other fishes,
as the California hake, the black candlefish, the
jurel, the bluefish, etc.
{Horse marine} (Naut.), an awkward, lubbery person; one of a
mythical body of marine cavalry. [Slang]
{Horse mussel} (Zo["o]l.), a large, marine mussel ({Modiola
modiolus}), found on the northern shores of Europe and
America.
{Horse nettle} (Bot.), a coarse, prickly, American herb, the
{Solanum Carolinense}.
{Horse parsley}. (Bot.) See {Alexanders}.
{Horse purslain} (Bot.), a coarse fleshy weed of tropical
America ({Trianthema monogymnum}).
{Horse race}, a race by horses; a match of horses in running
or trotting.
{Horse racing}, the practice of racing with horses.
{Horse railroad}, a railroad on which the cars are drawn by
horses; -- in England, and sometimes in the United States,
called a {tramway}.
{Horse run} (Civil Engin.), a device for drawing loaded
wheelbarrows up an inclined plane by horse power.
{Horse sense}, strong common sense. [Colloq. U.S.]
{Horse soldier}, a cavalryman.
{Horse sponge} (Zo["o]l.), a large, coarse, commercial sponge
({Spongia equina}).
{Horse stinger} (Zo["o]l.), a large dragon fly. [Prov. Eng.]
{Horse sugar} (Bot.), a shrub of the southern part of the
United States ({Symplocos tinctoria}), whose leaves are
sweet, and good for fodder.
{Horse tick} (Zo["o]l.), a winged, dipterous insect
({Hippobosca equina}), which troubles horses by biting
them, and sucking their blood; -- called also {horsefly},
{horse louse}, and {forest fly}.
{Horse vetch} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Hippocrepis} ({H.
comosa}), cultivated for the beauty of its flowers; --
called also {horsehoe vetch}, from the peculiar shape of
its pods.
{Iron horse}, a locomotive. [Colloq.]
{Salt horse}, the sailor's name for salt beef.
{To look a gift horse in the mouth}, to examine the mouth of
a horse which has been received as a gift, in order to
ascertain his age; -- hence, to accept favors in a
critical and thankless spirit. --Lowell.
{To take horse}.
(a) To set out on horseback. --Macaulay.
(b) To be covered, as a mare.
(c) See definition 7 (above).
Horse \Horse\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Horsed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Horsing}.] [AS. horsion.]
1. To provide with a horse, or with horses; to mount on, or
as on, a horse. ``Being better horsed, outrode me.''
--Shak.
2. To sit astride of; to bestride. --Shak.
3. To cover, as a mare; -- said of the male.
4. To take or carry on the back; as, the keeper, horsing a
deer. --S. Butler.
5. To place on the back of another, or on a wooden horse,
etc., to be flogged; to subject to such punishment.
Horse \Horse\, v. i.
To get on horseback. [Obs.] --Shelton.
Horseback \Horse"back`\, n.
1. The back of a horse.
2. An extended ridge of sand, gravel, and bowlders, in a
half-stratified condition. --Agassiz.
{On horseback}, on the back of a horse; mounted or riding on
a horse or horses; in the saddle.
The long journey was to be performed on horseback.
--Prescott.
Horse-chestnut \Horse`-chest"nut\, n. (Bot.)
(a) The large nutlike seed of a species of {[AE]sculus}
({[AE]. Hippocastanum}), formerly ground, and fed to
horses, whence the name.
(b) The tree itself, which was brought from Constantinople
in the beginning of the sixteenth century, and is now
common in the temperate zones of both hemispheres. The
native American species are called {buckeyes}.
Horse-drench \Horse"-drench`\, n.
1. A dose of physic for a horse. --Shak.
2. The appliance by which the dose is administred.
Horsefish \Horse"fish`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The moonfish ({Selene setipinnis}).
(b) The sauger.
Horseflesh \Horse"flesh`\, n.
1. The flesh of horses.
The Chinese eat horseflesh at this day. --Bacon.
2. Horses, generally; the qualities of a horse; as, he is a
judge of horseflesh. [Colloq.]
{Horseflesh ore} (Min.), a miner's name for bornite, in
allusion to its peculiar reddish color on fresh facture.
Horsefly \Horse"fly`\, n.; pl. {Horseflies}.
1. (Zo["o]l.) Any dipterous fly of the family {Tabanid[ae]},
that stings horses, and sucks their blood.
Note: Of these flies there are numerous species, both in
Europe and America. They have a large proboscis with
four sharp lancets for piercing the skin. Called also
{breeze fly}. See Illust. under {Diptera}, and {Breeze
fly}.
2. (Zo["o]l.) The horse tick or forest fly ({Hippobosca}).
Horsefoot \Horse"foot`\, n.; pl. {Horsefeet}.
1. (Bot.) The coltsfoot.
2. (Zo["o]l.) The Limulus or horseshoe crab.
Horse Guards \Horse" Guards`\ (Mil.)
A body of cavalry so called; esp., a British regiment, called
the Royal Horse Guards, which furnishes guards of state for
the sovereign.
{The Horse Guards}, a name given to the former headquarters
of the commander in chief of the British army, at
Whitehall in London.
Horsehair \Horse"hair`\, n.
A hair of a horse, especially one from the mane or tail; the
hairs of the mane or tail taken collectively; a fabric or
tuft made of such hairs.
{Horsehair worm} (Zo["o]l.), the hair worm or gordius.
Horsehead \Horse"head`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The silver moonfish ({Selene vomer}).
Horsehide \Horse"hide`\, n.
1. The hide of a horse.
2. Leather made of the hide of a horse.
Horse-jockey \Horse"-jock`ey\, n.
1. A professional rider and trainer of race horses.
2. A trainer and dealer in horses.
Horseknop \Horse"knop`\, n. (Bot.)
Knapweed.
Horselaugh \Horse"laugh`\, n.
A loud, boisterous laugh; a guffaw. --Pope.
Horse-leech \Horse"-leech`\, n.
1. (Zo["o]l.) A large blood-sucking leech ({H[ae]mopsis
vorax}), of Europe and Northern Africa. It attacks the
lips and mouths of horses.
2. A farrier; a veterinary surgeon.
Horse-leechery \Horse"-leech`er*y\, n.
The business of a farrier; especially, the art of curing the
diseases of horses.
Horse-litter \Horse"-lit`ter\, n.
A carriage hung on poles, and borne by and between two
horses. --Milton.
Horseman \Horse"man\, n.; pl. {Horsemen}.
1. A rider on horseback; one skilled in the management of
horses; a mounted man.
2. (Mil.) A mounted soldier; a cavalryman.
3. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) A land crab of the genus {Ocypoda}, living on the
coast of Brazil and the West Indies, noted for running
very swiftly.
(b) A West Indian fish of the genus {Eques}, as the
light-horseman ({E. lanceolatus}).
Horsemanship \Horse"man*ship\, n.
The act or art of riding, and of training and managing
horses; manege.
Horsemint \Horse"mint`\, n. (Bot.)
(a) A coarse American plant of the Mint family ({Monarda
punctata}).
(b) In England, the wild mint ({Mentha sylvestris}).
Horsenail \Horse"nail`\, n.
A thin, pointed nail, with a heavy flaring head, for securing
a horsehoe to the hoof; a horsehoe nail.
Horseplay \Horse"play`\, n.
Rude, boisterous play.
Too much given to horseplay in his raillery. --Dryden.
Horsepond \Horse"pond`\, n.
A pond for watering horses.
Horse power \Horse" pow`er\
1. The power which a horse exerts.
2. (Mach.) A unit of power, used in stating the power
required to drive machinery, and in estimating the
capabilities of animals or steam engines and other prime
movers for doing work. It is the power required for the
performance of work at the rate of 33,000 English units of
work per minute; hence, it is the power that must be
exerted in lifting 33,000 pounds at the rate of one foot
per minute, or 550 pounds at the rate of one foot per
second, or 55 pounds at the rate of ten feet per second,
etc.
Note: The power of a draught horse, of average strength,
working eight hours per day, is about four fifths of a
standard horse power.
{Brake horse power}, the net effective power of a prime
mover, as a steam engine, water wheel, etc., in horse
powers, as shown by a friction brake. See {Friction
brake}, under {Friction}.
{Indicated horse power}, the power exerted in the cylinder of
an engine, stated in horse powers, estimated from the
diameter and speed of the piston, and the mean effective
pressure upon it as shown by an indicator. See
{Indicator}.
{Nominal horse power} (Steam Engine), a term still sometimes
used in England to express certain proportions of
cylinder, but having no value as a standard of
measurement.
3. A machine worked by a horse, for driving other machinery;
a horse motor.
Horse-radish \Horse"-rad`ish\, n. (Bot.)
A plant of the genus {Nasturtium} ({N. Armoracia}), allied to
scurvy grass, having a root of a pungent taste, much used,
when grated, as a condiment and in medicine. --Gray.
{Horse-radish tree}. (Bot.) See {Moringa}.
Horserake \Horse"rake`\, n.
A rake drawn by a horse.
Horseshoe \Horse"shoe`\, n.
1. A shoe for horses, consisting of a narrow plate of iron in
form somewhat like the letter U, nailed to a horse's hoof.
2. Anything shaped like a horsehoe crab.
3. (Zo["o]l.) The Limulus of horsehoe crab.
{Horsehoe head} (Med.), an old name for the condition of the
skull in children, in which the sutures are too open, the
coronal suture presenting the form of a horsehoe.
--Dunglison.
{Horsehoe magnet}, an artificial magnet in the form of a
horsehoe.
{Horsehoe nail}. See {Horsenail}.
{Horsehoe nose} (Zo["o]l.), a bat of the genus {Rhinolophus},
having a nasal fold of skin shaped like a horsehoe.
Horseshoer \Horse"sho`er\, n.
One who shoes horses.
Horseshoeing \Horse"shoe`ing\, n.
The act or employment of shoeing horses.
Horsetail \Horse"tail`\, n.
1. (Bot.) A leafless plant, with hollow and rushlike stems.
It is of the genus {Equisetum}, and is allied to the
ferns. See Illust. of {Equisetum}.
2. A Turkish standard, denoting rank.
Note: Commanders are distinguished by the number of
horsetails carried before them. Thus, the sultan has
seven, the grand vizier five, and the pashas three,
two, or one.
{Shrubby horsetail}. (Bot.) See {Joint-fir}.
Horseweed \Horse"weed`\, n. (Bot.)
A composite plant ({Erigeron Canadensis}), which is a common
weed.
Horsewhip \Horse"whip`\, n.
A whip for horses.
Horsewhip \Horse"whip`\, v. t.
To flog or chastise with a horsewhip.
Horsewoman \Horse"wom`an\, n.; pl. {Horsewomen}.
A woman who rides on horseback.
Horsewood \Horse"wood`\, n. (Bot.)
A West Indian tree ({Calliandra latifolia}) with showy,
crimson blossoms.
Horseworm \Horse"worm`\, n.
The larva of a botfly.
Horsiness \Hors"i*ness\, n.
1. The condition or quality of being a horse; that which
pertains to a horse. --Tennyson.
2. Fondness for, or interest in, horses.
Horsly \Hors"ly\, a.
Horselike. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Horsy \Hors"y\, a.
Pertaining to, or suggestive of, a horse, or of horse racing;
as, horsy manners; garments of fantastically horsy fashions.
[Colloq.]
Hortation \Hor*ta"tion\, n. [L. hortatio, fr. hortari to incite,
exhort, fr. hori to urge.]
The act of exhorting, inciting, or giving advice;
exhortation. [R.]
Hortative \Hor"ta*tive\, a. [L. hortativus.]
Giving exhortation; advisory; exhortative. --Bullokar.
Hortative \Hor"ta*tive\, n.
An exhortation. [Obs.]
Hortatory \Hor"ta*to*ry\, a. [L. hortatorius.]
Giving exhortation or advise; encouraging; exhortatory;
inciting; as, a hortatory speech. --Holland.
Hortensial \Hor*ten"sial\, a. [L. hortensius, hortensis, fr.
hortus garden; akin to E. yard an inclosure.]
Fit for a garden. [Obs.] --Evelyn.
Horticultor \Hor"ti*cul`tor\, n. [NL., fr. L. hortus garden +
cultor a cultivator, colere to cultivate.]
One who cultivates a garden.
Horticultural \Hor`ti*cul"tur*al\, a. [Cf. F. horticultural.]
Of or pertaining to horticulture, or the culture of gardens
or orchards.
Horticulture \Hor"ti*cul`ture\, n. [L. hortus garden + cultura
culture: cf. F. horticulture. See {Yard} an inclosure, and
{Culture}.]
The cultivation of a garden or orchard; the art of
cultivating gardens or orchards.
Horticulturist \Hor`ti*cul"tur*ist\, n.
One who practices horticulture.
Hortulan \Hor"tu*lan\, a. [L. hortulanus; hortus garden.]
Belonging to a garden. [Obs.] --Evelyn.
Hortus siccus \Hor"tus sic"cus\ [L., a dry garden.]
A collection of specimens of plants, dried and preserved, and
arranged systematically; an herbarium.
Hortyard \Hort"yard\, n.
An orchard. [Obs.]
Hosanna \Ho*san"na\ (h[-o]*z[a^]n"n[.a]), n.; pl. {Hosannas}
(-n[.a]z). [Gr. ?, fr. Heb. h[=o]sh[=i]'[=a]h nn[=a]save now,
save, we pray, h[=o]sh[=i]a' to save (Hiphil, a causative
form, of y[=a]sha') + n[=a], a particle.]
A Hebrew exclamation of praise to the Lord, or an invocation
of blessings. ``Hosanna to the Highest.'' --Milton.
Hosanna to the Son of David. --Matt. xxi.
9.
Hose \Hose\ (h[=o]z), n.; pl. {Hose}, formerly {Hosen}
(h[=o]"z'n). [AS. hose; akin to D. hoos, G. hose breeches,
OHG. hosa, Icel. hosa stocking, gather, Dan. hose stocking;
cf. Russ. koshulia a fur jacket.]
1. Close-fitting trousers or breeches, as formerly worn,
reaching to the knee.
These men were bound in their coats, their hosen,
and their hats, and their other garments. --Dan.
iii. 21.
His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide For
his shrunk shank. --Shak.
2. Covering for the feet and lower part of the legs; a
stocking or stockings.
3. A flexible pipe, made of leather, India rubber, or other
material, and used for conveying fluids, especially water,
from a faucet, hydrant, or fire engine.
{Hose carriage}, {cart}, or {truck}, a wheeled vehicle fitted
for conveying hose for extinguishing fires.
{Hose company}, a company of men appointed to bring and
manage hose in the extinguishing of fires. [U.S.]
{Hose coupling}, coupling with interlocking parts for uniting
hose, end to end.
{Hose wrench}, a spanner for turning hose couplings, to unite
or disconnect them.
Hosen \Ho"sen\, n. pl.
See {Hose}. [Archaic]
Hosier \Ho"sier\, n.
One who deals in hose or stocking, or in goods knit or woven
like hose.
Hosiery \Ho"sier*y\, n.
1. The business of a hosier.
2. Stockings, in general; goods knit or woven like hose.
Hospice \Hos"pice\, n. [F., fr. L. hospitium hospitality, a
place where strangers are entertained, fr. hospes stranger,
guest. See {Host} a landlord.]
A convent or monastery which is also a place of refuge or
entertainment for travelers on some difficult road or pass,
as in the Alps; as, the Hospice of the Great St. Bernard.
Hospitable \Hos"pi*ta*ble\, a. [Cf. OF. hospitable, LL.
hospitare to receive as a guest. See {Host} a landlord.]
1. Receiving and entertaining strangers or guests with
kindness and without reward; kind to strangers and guests;
characterized by hospitality. --Shak.
2. Proceeding from or indicating kindness and generosity to
guests and strangers; as, hospitable rites.
To where you taper cheers the vale With hospitable
ray. --Goldsmith.
Hospitableness \Hos"pi*ta*ble*ness\, n.
The quality of being hospitable; hospitality. --Barrow.
Hospitably \Hos"pi*ta*bly\, adv.
In a hospitable manner.
Hospitage \Hos"pi*tage\, n. [LL. hospitagium, for L. hospitium.
See {Hospice}.]
Hospitality. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hospital \Hos"pi*tal\, n. [OF. hospital, ospital, F. h[^o]pital,
LL. hospitale (or perh. E. hospital is directly from the Late
Latin), from L. hospitalis relating to a guest, hospitalia
apartments for guests, fr. hospes guest. See {Host} a
landlord, and cf. {Hostel}, {Hotel}, {Spital}.]
1. A place for shelter or entertainment; an inn. [Obs.]
--Spenser.
2. A building in which the sick, injured, or infirm are
received and treated; a public or private institution
founded for reception and cure, or for the refuge, of
persons diseased in body or mind, or disabled, infirm, or
dependent, and in which they are treated either at their
own expense, or more often by charity in whole or in part;
a tent, building, or other place where the sick or wounded
of an army cared for.
{Hospital ship}, a vessel fitted up for a floating hospital.
{Hospital Sunday}, a Sunday set apart for simultaneous
contribution in churches to hospitals; as, the London
Hospital Sunday.
Hospital \Hos"pi*tal\, a. [L. hospitalis: cf. OF. hospital.]
Hospitable. [Obs.] --Howell.
Hospitaler \Hos"pi*tal*er\, n. [Written also {hospitaller}.] [F.
hospitalier. See {Hospital}, and cf. {Hostler}.]
1. One residing in a hospital, for the purpose of receiving
the poor, the sick, and strangers.
2. One of an order of knights who built a hospital at
Jerusalem for pilgrims, A. D. 1042. They were called
Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, and after the removal of
the order to Malta, Knights of Malta.
Hospitalism \Hos"pi*tal*ism\, n. (Med.)
A vitiated condition of the body, due to long confinement in
a hospital, or the morbid condition of the atmosphere of a
hospital.
Hospitality \Hos`pi*tal"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Hospitalities}. [L.
hospitalitas: cf. F. hospitalit['e].]
The act or practice of one who is hospitable; reception and
entertainment of strangers or guests without reward, or with
kind and generous liberality.
Given to hospitality. --Rom. xii.
13.
And little recks to find the way to heaven By doing
deeds of hospitality. --Shak.
Hospitalize \Hos"pi*tal*ize\, v. t. (Med.)
To render (a building) unfit for habitation, by long
continued use as a hospital.
Hospitate \Hos"pi*tate\, v. i. [L. hospitatus, p. p. of
hospitari to be a guest, fr. hospes guest.]
To receive hospitality; to be a guest. [Obs.] --Grew.
Hospitate \Hos"pi*tate\, v. t.
To receive with hospitality; to lodge as a guest. [Obs.]
--Cockeram.
Hospitium \Hos*pi"ti*um\, n. [L. See {Hospice}.]
1. An inn; a lodging; a hospice. [Obs.]
2. (Law) An inn of court.
Hospodar \Hos"po*dar`\, n. [A Slav. word; cf. Russ. gospodare
lord, master.]
A title borne by the princes or governors of Moldavia and
Wallachia before those countries were united as Roumania.
Host \Host\ (h[=o]st), n. [LL. hostia sacrifice, victim, from
hostire to strike.] (R. C. Ch.)
The consecrated wafer, believed to be the body of Christ,
which in the Mass is offered as a sacrifice; also, the bread
before consecration.
Note: In the Latin Vulgate the word was applied to the Savior
as being an offering for the sins of men.
Host \Host\, n. [OE. host, ost, OF. host, ost, fr. L. hostis
enemy, LL., army. See {Guest}, and cf. {Host} a landlord.]
1. An army; a number of men gathered for war.
A host so great as covered all the field. --Dryden.
2. Any great number or multitude; a throng.
And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of
the heavenly host praising God. --Luke ii. 13.
All at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden
daffodils. --Wordsworth.
Host \Host\, n. [OE. host, ost, OF. hoste, oste, F. h[^o]te,
from L. hospes a stranger who is treated as a guest, he who
treats another as his guest, a hostl prob. fr. hostis
stranger, enemy (akin to E. guest a visitor) + potis able;
akin to Skr. pati master, lord. See {Host} an army,
{Possible}, and cf. {Hospitable}, {Hotel}.]
One who receives or entertains another, whether gratuitously
or for compensation; one from whom another receives food,
lodging, or entertainment; a landlord. --Chaucer. ``Fair host
and Earl.'' --Tennyson.
Time is like a fashionable host, That slightly shakes
his parting guest by the hand. --Shak.
Host \Host\, v. t.
To give entertainment to. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Host \Host\, v. i.
To lodge at an inn; to take up entertainment. [Obs.] ``Where
you shall host.'' --Shak.
Hostage \Hos"tage\, n. [OE. hostage, OF. hostage, ostage, F.
[^o]tage, LL. hostaticus, ostaticum, for hospitaticum, fr. L.
hospes guest, host. The first meaning is, the state of a
guest, hospitality; hence, the state of a hostage (treated as
a guest); and both these meanings occur in Old French. See
{Host} a landlord.]
A person given as a pledge or security for the performance of
the conditions of a treaty or stipulations of any kind, on
the performance of which the person is to be released.
Your hostages I have, so have you mine; And we shall
talk before we fight. --Shak.
He that hath a wife and children hath given hostages to
fortune. --Bacon.
Hostel \Hos"tel\, n. [OE. hostel, ostel, OF. hostel, ostel, LL.
hospitale, hospitalis, fr. L. hospitalis. See {Hospital}, and
cf. {Hotel}.]
1. An inn. [Archaic] --Poe.
So pass I hostel, hall, and grange. --Tennyson.
2. A small, unendowed college in Oxford or Cambridge. [Obs.]
--Holinshed.
Hosteler \Hos"tel*er\, n. [See {Hostel}, and cf. {Hostler}.]
1. The keeper of a hostel or inn.
2. A student in a hostel, or small unendowed collede in
Oxford or Cambridge. [Obs.] --Fuller.
Hostelry \Hos"tel*ry\, n. [OE. hostelrie, hostelrye, ostelrie,
OF. hostelerie, fr. hostel. See {Hostel}.]
An inn; a lodging house. [Archaic] --Chaucer. ``Homely
brought up in a rude hostelry.'' --B. Jonson.
Come with me to the hostelry. --Longfellow.
Hostess \Host"ess\, n. [OE. hostesse, ostesse. See {Host} a
landlord.]
1. A female host; a woman who hospitably entertains guests at
her house. --Shak.
2. A woman who entertains guests for compensation; a female
innkeeper. --Shak.
Hostess-ship \Host"ess-ship\, n.
The character, personality, or office of a hostess. --Shak.
Hostie \Hos"tie\, n. [F. See 1st {Host}.]
The consecrated wafer; the host. [Obs.] --Bp. Burnet.
Hostile \Hos"tile\, a. [L. hostilis, from hostis enemy: cf. F.
hostile. See {Host} an army.]
Belonging or appropriate to an enemy; showing the disposition
of an enemy; showing ill will and malevolence, or a desire to
thwart and injure; occupied by an enemy or enemies; inimical;
unfriendly; as, a hostile force; hostile intentions; a
hostile country; hostile to a sudden change.
Syn: Warlike; inimical; unfriendly; antagonistic; opposed;
adverse; opposite; contrary; repugnant.
Hostile \Hos"tile\, n.
An enemy; esp., an American Indian in arms against the
whites; -- commonly in the plural. [Colloq.] --P. H.
Sheridan.
Hostilely \Hos"tile*ly\, adv.
In a hostile manner.
Hostility \Hos*til"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Hostilities}. [L. hostilitas:
cf. F. hostilit['e].]
1. State of being hostile; public or private enemy;
unfriendliness; animosity.
Hostility being thus suspended with France.
--Hayward.
2. An act of an open enemy; a hostile deed; especially in the
plural, acts of warfare; attacks of an enemy.
We have showed ourselves generous adversaries . . .
and have carried on even our hostilities with
humanity. --Atterbury.
He who proceeds to wanton hostility, often provokes
an enemy where he might have a friend. --Crabb.
Syn: Animosity; enmity; opposition; violence; aggression;
contention; warfare.
Hostilize \Hos"til*ize\, v. t.
To make hostile; to cause to become an enemy. [Obs.] --A.
Seward.
Hosting \Host"ing\, n. [From {Host} an army.] [Obs.]
1. An encounter; a battle. ``Fierce hosting.'' --Milton.
2. A muster or review. --Spenser.
Hostler \Hos"tler\, n. [OE. hosteler, osteler, innkeeper, OF.
hostelier, F. h[^o]telier. See {Hostel}, and cf.
{Hospitaler}, {Hosteler}.]
1. An innkeeper. [Obs.] See {Hosteler}.
2. The person who has the care of horses at an inn or stable;
hence, any one who takes care of horses; a groom; -- so
called because the innkeeper formerly attended to this
duty in person.
3. (Railroad) The person who takes charge of a locomotive
when it is left by the engineer after a trip.
Hostless \Host"less\, a.
Inhospitable. [Obs.] ``A hostless house.'' --Spenser.
Hostry \Host"ry\, n. [OE. hosterie, osterie, OF. hosterie. See
{Host} a landlord.]
1. A hostelry; an inn or lodging house. [Obs.] --Marlowe.
2. A stable for horses. [Obs.] --Johnson.
Hot \Hot\,
imp. & p. p. of {Hote}. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hot \Hot\, a. [Compar. {Hotter}; superl. {Hottest}.] [OE. hot,
hat, AS. h[=a]t; akin to OS. h[=e]t, D. heet, OHG. heiz, G.
heiss, Icel. heitr, Sw. het, Dan. heed, hed; cf. Goth.
heit[=o] fever, hais torch. Cf. {Heat}.]
1. Having much sensible heat; exciting the feeling of warmth
in a great degree; very warm; -- opposed to cold, and
exceeding warm in degree; as, a hot stove; hot water or
air. ``A hotvenison pasty.'' --Shak.
2. Characterized by heat, ardor, or animation; easily
excited; firely; vehement; passionate; violent; eager.
Achilles is impatient, hot, and revengeful.
--Dryden.
There was mouthing in hot haste. --Byron.
3. Lustful; lewd; lecherous. --Shak.
4. Acrid; biting; pungent; as, hot as mustard.
{Hot bed} (Iron Manuf.), an iron platform in a rolling mill,
on which hot bars, rails, etc., are laid to cool.
{Hot wall} (Gardening), a wall provided with flues for the
conducting of heat, to hasten the growth of fruit trees or
the ripening of fruit.
{Hot well} (Condensing Engines), a receptacle for the hot
water drawn from the condenser by the air pump. This water
is returned to the boiler, being drawn from the hot well
by the feed pump.
{In hot water} (Fig.), in trouble; in difficulties. [Colloq.]
Syn: Burning; fiery; fervid; glowing; eager; animated; brisk;
vehement; precipitate; violent; furious; ardent;
fervent; impetuous; irascible; passionate; hasty;
excitable.
Hotbed \Hot"bed`\, n.
1. (Gardening) A bed of earth heated by fermenting manure or
other substances, and covered with glass, intended for
raising early plants, or for nourishing exotics.
2. A place which favors rapid growth or development; as, a
hotbed of sedition.
Hot blast \Hot" blast`\
See under {Blast}.
Hot-blooded \Hot"-blood`ed\, a.
Having hot blood; excitable; high-spirited; irritable;
ardent; passionate.
Hot-brained \Hot"-brained`\, a.
Ardent in temper; violent; rash; impetuous; as, hot-brained
youth. --Dryden.
Hotchpot \Hotch"pot`\, Hotchpotch \Hotch"potch`\, n. [F.
hochepot, fr. hocher to shake + pot pot; both of Dutch or
German origin; cf. OD. hutspot hotchpotch, D. hotsen, hutsen,
to shake. See {Hustle}, and {Pot}, and cf. {Hodgepodge}.]
1. A mingled mass; a confused mixture; a stew of various
ingredients; a hodgepodge.
A mixture or hotchpotch of many tastes. --Bacon.
2. (Law) A blending of property for equality of division, as
when lands given in frank-marriage to one daughter were,
after the death of the ancestor, blended with the lands
descending to her and to her sisters from the same
ancestor, and then divided in equal portions among all the
daughters. In modern usage, a mixing together, or throwing
into a common mass or stock, of the estate left by a
person deceased and the amounts advanced to any particular
child or children, for the purpose of a more equal
division, or of equalizing the shares of all the children;
the property advanced being accounted for at its value
when given. --Bouvier. Tomlins.
Note: This term has been applied in cases of salvage. Story.
It corresponds in a measure with collation in the civil
and Scotch law. See {Collation}. --Bouvier. Tomlins.
Hotcockles \Hot"coc`kles\, n. [Hot + cockle, cockle being perh.
corrupt. fr. knuckle. Cf. F. main chaude (lit., hot hand)
hotcockles.]
A childish play, in which one covers his eyes, and guesses
who strikes him or his hand placed behind him.
Hote \Hote\, v. t. & i. [pres. & imp. {Hatte}, {Hot}, etc.; p.
p. {Hote}, {Hoten}, {Hot}, etc. See {Hight}, {Hete}.]
1. To command; to enjoin. [Obs.] --Piers Plowman.
2. To promise. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
3. To be called; to be named. [Obs.]
There as I was wont to hote Arcite, Now hight I
Philostrate, not worth a mite. --Chaucer.
Hotel \Ho*tel"\, n. [F. h[^o]tel, OF. hostel. See {Hostel}.]
1. A house for entertaining strangers or travelers; an inn or
public house, of the better class.
2. In France, the mansion or town residence of a person of
rank or wealth.
Hotel-de-ville \H[^o]tel`-de-ville"\, n. [F.]
A city hall or townhouse.
Hotel-Dieu \H[^o]tel`-Dieu"\, n. [F.]
A hospital.
Hoten \Hot"en\,
p. p. of {Hote}.
Hotfoot \Hot"foot`\, adv.
In haste; foothot. [Colloq.]
Hot-head \Hot"-head`\, n.
A violent, passionate person; a hasty or impetuous person;
as, the rant of a hot-head.
Hot-headed \Hot"-head`ed\, a.
Fiery; violent; rash; hasty; impetuous; vehement. --Macaulay.
Hothouse \Hot"house`\, n.
1. A house kept warm to shelter tender plants and shrubs from
the cold air; a place in which the plants of warmer
climates may be reared, and fruits ripened.
2. A bagnio, or bathing house. [Obs.] --Shak.
3. A brothel; a bagnio. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
4. (Pottery) A heated room for drying green ware.
Hot-livered \Hot"-liv`ered\, a.
Of an excitable or irritable temperament; irascible.
--Milton.
Hotly \Hot"ly\, adv. [From {Hot}, a.]
1. In a hot or fiery manner; ardently; vehemently; violently;
hastily; as, a hotly pursued.
2. In a lustful manner; lustfully. --Dryden.
Hot-mouthed \Hot"-mouthed`\, a.
Headstrong.
That hot-mouthed beast that bears against the curb.
--Dryden.
Hotness \Hot"ness\, n.
1. The quality or state of being hot.
2. Heat or excitement of mind or manner; violence; vehemence;
impetuousity; ardor; fury. --M. Arnold.
Hotpress \Hot"press`\, v. t.
To apply to, in conjunction with mechanical pressure, for the
purpose of giving a smooth and glosay surface, or to express
oil, etc.; as, to hotpress paper, linen, etc.
Hotpressed \Hot"pressed`\, a.
Pressed while heat is applied. See {Hotpress}, v. t.
Hot-short \Hot"-short`\, a. (Metal.)
More or less brittle when heated; as, hot-short iron.
Hot-spirited \Hot"-spir`it*ed\, a.
Having a fiery spirit; hot-headed.
Hotspur \Hot"spur`\, n. [Hot + spur.]
A rash, hot-headed man. --Holinshed.
Hotspur \Hot"spur`\, Hotspurred \Hot"spurred`\, a.
Violent; impetuous; headstrong. --Spenser. Peacham.
Hottentot \Hot"ten*tot\, n. [D. Hottentot; -- so called from hot
and tot, two syllables of frequent occurrence in their
language. --Wedgwood.]
1. (Ethnol.) One of a degraded
and savage race of South Africa, with yellowish brown
complexion, high cheek bones, and wooly hair growing in tufts.
2. The language of the Hottentots, which is remarkable for
its clicking sounds.
{Hottentot cherry} (Bot.), a South African plant of the genus
{Cassine} ({C. maurocenia}), having handsome foliage, with
generally inconspicuous white or green flowers. --Loudon.
{Hottentot's bread}. (Bot.) See {Elephant's foot}
(a), under {Elephant}.
Hottentotism \Hot"ten*tot*ism\, n.
A term employed to describe one of the varieties of
stammering. --Tylor.
Houdah \Hou"dah\, n.
See {Howdah}.
Hough \Hough\, n.
Same as {Hock}, a joint.
Hough \Hough\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Houghed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Houghing}.]
Same as {Hock}, to hamstring.
Hough \Hough\, n. [Cf. D. hak. Cf. {Hack}.]
An adz; a hoe. [Obs.] --Bp. Stillingfleet.
Hough \Hough\, v. t.
To cut with a hoe. [Obs.] --Johnson.
Houlet \Hou"let\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
An owl. See {Howlet}.
Hoult \Hoult\, n.
A piece of woodland; a small wood. [Obs.] See {Holt}.
Hound \Hound\, n. [OE. hound, hund, dog, AS. hund; akin to OS. &
OFries. hund, D. hond, G. hund, OHG. hunt, Icel. hundr, Dan.
& Sw. hund, Goth. hunds, and prob. to Lith. sz?, Ir. & Gael.
cu, L. canis, Gr. ?, ?, Skr. [,c]van. [root]229. Cf.
{Canine}, {Cynic}, {Kennel}.]
1. (Zo["o]l.) A variety of the domestic dog, usually having
large, drooping ears, esp. one which hunts game by scent,
as the foxhound, bloodhound, deerhound, but also used for
various breeds of fleet hunting dogs, as the greyhound,
boarhound, etc.
Hounds and greyhounds, mongrels, spaniels, curs.
--Shak.
2. A despicable person. ``Boy! false hound!'' --Shak.
3. (Zo["o]l.) A houndfish.
4. pl. (Naut.) Projections at the masthead, serving as a
support for the trestletrees and top to rest on.
5. A side bar used to strengthen portions of the running gear
of a vehicle.
{To follow the hounds}, to hunt with hounds.
Hound \Hound\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hounded}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hounding}.]
1. To set on the chase; to incite to pursuit; as, to hounda
dog at a hare; to hound on pursuers. --Abp. Bramhall.
2. To hunt or chase with hounds, or as with hounds.
--L'Estrange.
Houndfish \Hound"fish\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Any small shark of the genus {Galeus} or {Mustelus}, of which
there are several species, as the smooth houndfish ({G.
canis}), of Europe and America; -- called also {houndshark},
and {dogfish}.
Note: The European nursehound, or small-spotted dogfish, is
{Scyllium canicula}; the rough houndfish, or
large-spotted dogfish, is {S. catulus}. The name has
also sometimes been applied to the bluefish ({Pomatomus
saltatrix}), and to the silver gar.
Hounding \Hound"ing\, n.
1. The act of one who hounds.
2. (Naut.) The part of a mast below the hounds and above the
deck.
Hound's-tongue \Hound's"-tongue`\, n. [AS. hundes tunge.] (Bot.)
A biennial weed ({Cynoglossum officinale}), with soft
tongue-shaped leaves, and an offensive odor. It bears nutlets
covered with barbed or hooked prickles. Called also
{dog's-tongue}.
Houp \Houp\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
See {Hoopoe}. [Obs.]
Hour \Hour\, n. [OE. hour, our, hore, ure, OF. hore, ore, ure,
F. heure, L. hora, fr. Gr. ?, orig., a definite space of
time, fixed by natural laws; hence, a season, the time of the
day, an hour. See {Year}, and cf. {Horologe}, {Horoscope}.]
1. The twenty-fourth part of a day; sixty minutes.
2. The time of the day, as expressed in hours and minutes,
and indicated by a timepiece; as, what is the hour? At
what hour shall we meet?
3. Fixed or appointed time; conjuncture; a particular time or
occasion; as, the hour of greatest peril; the man for the
hour.
Woman, . . . mine hour is not yet come. --John ii.
4.
This is your hour, and the power of darkness. --Luke
xxii. 53.
4. pl. (R. C. Ch.) Certain prayers to be repeated at stated
times of the day, as matins and vespers.
5. A measure of distance traveled.
Vilvoorden, three hours from Brussels. --J. P.
Peters.
{After hours}, after the time appointed for one's regular
labor.
{Canonical hours}. See under {Canonical}.
{Hour angle} (Astron.), the angle between the hour circle
passing through a given body, and the meridian of a place.
{Hour circle}. (Astron.)
(a) Any circle of the sphere passing through the two poles
of the equator; esp., one of the circles drawn on an
artificial globe through the poles, and dividing the
equator into spaces of 15[deg], or one hour, each.
(b) A circle upon an equatorial telescope lying parallel
to the plane of the earth's equator, and graduated in
hours and subdivisions of hours of right ascension.
(c) A small brass circle attached to the north pole of an
artificial globe, and divided into twenty-four parts
or hours. It is used to mark differences of time in
working problems on the globe.
{Hour hand}, the hand or index which shows the hour on a
timepiece.
{Hour line}.
(a) (Astron.) A line indicating the hour.
(b) (Dialing) A line on which the shadow falls at a given
hour; the intersection of an hour circle which the
face of the dial.
{Hour plate}, the plate of a timepiece on which the hours are
marked; the dial. --Locke.
{Sidereal hour}, the twenty-fourth part of a sidereal day.
{Solar hour}, the twenty-fourth part of a solar day.
{The small hours}, the early hours of the morning, as one
o'clock, two o'clock, etc.
{To keep good hours}, to be regular in going to bed early.
Hourglass \Hour"glass`\, n.
An instrument for measuring time, especially the interval of
an hour. It consists of a glass vessel having two
compartments, from the uppermost of which a quantity of sand,
water, or mercury occupies an hour in running through a small
aperture unto the lower.
Note: A similar instrument measuring any other interval of
time takes its name from the interval measured; as, a
{half-hour glass}, a {half-minute glass}. A
{three-minute glass} is sometimes called an egg-glass,
from being used to time the boiling of eggs.
Houri \Hou"ri\, n.; pl. {Houris}. [Per. h[=u]r[=i], h[=u]r[=a],
h[=u]r; akin to Ar. h[=u]r, pl. of ahwar beautiful-eyed,
black-eyed.]
A nymph of paradise; -- so called by the Mohammedans.
Hourly \Hour"ly\, a.
Happening or done every hour; occurring hour by hour;
frequent; often repeated; renewed hour by hour; continual.
In hourly expectation of a martyrdom. --Sharp.
Hourly \Hour"ly\, adv.
Every hour; frequently; continually.
Great was their strife, which hourly was renewed.
--Dryden.
Hours \Hours\, n. pl. [A translation of L. Horae (Gr. ?). See
{Hour}.] (Myth.)
Goddess of the seasons, or of the hours of the day.
Lo! where the rosy-blosomed Hours, Fair Venus' train,
appear. --Gray.
Housage \Hous"age\, n. [From {House}.]
A fee for keeping goods in a house. [R.] -- Chambers.
House \House\, n.; pl. {Houses}. [OE. hous, hus, AS. h?s; akin
to OS. & OFries. h?s, D. huis, OHG. h?s, G. haus, Icel. h?s,
Sw. hus, Dan. huus, Goth. gudh?s, house of God, temple; and
prob. to E. hide to conceal. See {Hide}, and cf. {Hoard},
{Husband}, {Hussy}, {Husting}.]
1. A structure intended or used as a habitation or shelter
for animals of any kind; but especially, a building or
edifice for the habitation of man; a dwelling place, a
mansion.
Houses are built to live in; not to look on.
--Bacon.
Bees with smoke and doves with noisome stench Are
from their hives and houses driven away. --Shak.
2. Household affairs; domestic concerns; particularly in the
phrase to keep house. See below.
3. Those who dwell in the same house; a household.
One that feared God with all his house. --Acts x. 2.
4. A family of ancestors, descendants, and kindred; a race of
persons from the same stock; a tribe; especially, a noble
family or an illustrious race; as, the house of Austria;
the house of Hanover; the house of Israel.
The last remaining pillar of their house, The one
transmitter of their ancient name. --Tennyson.
5. One of the estates of a kingdom or other government
assembled in parliament or legislature; a body of men
united in a legislative capacity; as, the House of Lords;
the House of Commons; the House of Representatives; also,
a quorum of such a body. See {Congress}, and {Parliament}.
6. (Com.) A firm, or commercial establishment.
7. A public house; an inn; a hotel.
8. (Astrol.) A twelfth part of the heavens, as divided by six
circles intersecting at the north and south points of the
horizon, used by astrologers in noting the positions of
the heavenly bodies, and casting horoscopes or nativities.
The houses were regarded as fixed in respect to the
horizon, and numbered from the one at the eastern horizon,
called the ascendant, first house, or house of life,
downward, or in the direction of the earth's revolution,
the stars and planets passing through them in the reverse
order every twenty-four hours.
9. A square on a chessboard, regarded as the proper place of
a piece.
10. An audience; an assembly of hearers, as at a lecture, a
theater, etc.; as, a thin or a full house.
11. The body, as the habitation of the soul.
This mortal house I'll ruin, Do C[ae]sar what he
can. --Shak.
12.
Usage: [With an adj., as narrow, dark, etc.] The grave. ``The
narrow house.'' --Bryant.
Note: House is much used adjectively and as the first element
of compounds. The sense is usually obvious; as, house
cricket, housemaid, house painter, housework.
{House ant} (Zo["o]l.), a very small, yellowish brown ant
({Myrmica molesta}), which often infests houses, and
sometimes becomes a great pest.
{House of bishops} (Prot. Epis. Ch.), one of the two bodies
composing a general convertion, the other being House of
Clerical and Lay Deputies.
{House boat}, a covered boat used as a dwelling.
{House of call}, a place, usually a public house, where
journeymen connected with a particular trade assemble when
out of work, ready for the call of employers. [Eng.]
--Simonds.
{House car} (Railroad), a freight car with inclosing sides
and a roof; a box car.
{House of correction}. See {Correction}.
{House cricket} (Zo["o]l.), a European cricket ({Gryllus
domesticus}), which frequently lives in houses, between
the bricks of chimneys and fireplaces. It is noted for the
loud chirping or stridulation of the males.
{House dog}, a dog kept in or about a dwelling house.
{House finch} (Zo["o]l.), the burion.
{House flag}, a flag denoting the commercial house to which a
merchant vessel belongs.
{House fly} (Zo["o]l.), a common fly (esp. {Musca
domestica}), which infests houses both in Europe and
America. Its larva is a maggot which lives in decaying
substances or excrement, about sink drains, etc.
{House of God}, a temple or church.
{House of ill fame}. See {Ill fame} under {Ill}, a.
{House martin} (Zo["o]l.), a common European swallow
({Hirundo urbica}). It has feathered feet, and builds its
nests of mud against the walls of buildings. Called also
{house swallow}, and {window martin}.
{House mouse} (Zo["o]l.), the common mouse ({Mus musculus}).
{House physician}, the resident medical adviser of a hospital
or other public institution.
{House snake} (Zo["o]l.), the milk snake.
{House sparrow} (Zo["o]l.), the common European sparrow
({Passer domesticus}). It has recently been introduced
into America, where it has become very abundant, esp. in
cities. Called also {thatch sparrow}.
{House spider} (Zo["o]l.), any spider which habitually lives
in houses. Among the most common species are {Theridium
tepidariorum} and {Tegenaria domestica}.
{House surgeon}, the resident surgeon of a hospital.
{House wren} (Zo["o]l.), the common wren of the Eastern
United States ({Troglodytes a["e]don}). It is common about
houses and in gardens, and is noted for its vivacity, and
loud musical notes. See {Wren}.
{Religious house}, a monastery or convent.
{The White House}, the official residence of the President of
the United States; -- hence, colloquially, the office of
President.
{To bring down the house}. See under {Bring}.
{To keep house}, to maintain an independent domestic
establishment.
{To keep open house}, to entertain friends at all times.
Syn: Dwelling; residence; abode. See {Tenement}.
House \House\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Housed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Housing}.] [AS. h?sian.]
1. To take or put into a house; to shelter under a roof; to
cover from the inclemencies of the weather; to protect by
covering; as, to house one's family in a comfortable home;
to house farming utensils; to house cattle.
At length have housed me in a humble shed. --Young.
House your choicest carnations, or rather set them
under a penthouse. --Evelyn.
2. To drive to a shelter. --Shak.
3. To admit to residence; to harbor.
Palladius wished him to house all the Helots. --Sir
P. Sidney.
4. To deposit and cover, as in the grave. --Sandys.
5. (Naut.) To stow in a safe place; to take down and make
safe; as, to house the upper spars.
House \House\, v. i.
1. To take shelter or lodging; to abide to dwell; to lodge.
You shall not house with me. --Shak.
2. (Astrol.) To have a position in one of the houses. See
{House}, n., 8. ``Where Saturn houses.'' --Dryden.
Housebote \House"bote`\, n. [House + bote.] (Law)
Wood allowed to a tenant for repairing the house and for
fuel. This latter is often called firebote. See {Bote}.
Housebreaker \House"break`er\, n.
One who is guilty of the crime of housebreaking.
Housebreaking \House"break`ing\, n.
The act of breaking open and entering, with a felonious
purpose, the dwelling house of another, whether done by day
or night. See {Burglary}, and {To break a house}, under
{Break}.
Housebuilder \House"build`er\, n.
One whose business is to build houses; a housewright.
Housecarl \House"carl`\, n. [OE. huscarle. See {House}, and
{Carl}.] (Eng. Arch[ae]ol.)
A household servant; also, one of the bodyguard of King
Canute.
Household \House"hold`\, n.
1. Those who dwell under the same roof and compose a family.
And calls, without affecting airs, His household
twice a day to prayers. --Swift.
2. A line of ancestory; a race or house. [Obs.] --Shak.
Household \House"hold`\, a.
Belonging to the house and family; domestic; as, household
furniture; household affairs.
{Household bread}, bread made in the house for common use;
hence, bread that is not of the finest quality. [Obs.]
{Household gods} (Rom. Antiq.), the gods presiding over the
house and family; the Lares and Penates; hence, all
objects endeared by association with home.
{Household troops}, troops appointed to attend and guard the
sovereign or his residence.
Householder \House"hold`er\, n.
The master or head of a family; one who occupies a house with
his family.
Towns in which almost every householder was an English
Protestant. --Macaulay.
{Compound householder}. See {Compound}, a.
Housekeeper \House"keep`er\, n.
1. One who occupies a house with his family; a householder;
the master or mistress of a family. --Locke.
2. One who does, or oversees, the work of keeping house; as,
his wife is a good housekeeper; often, a woman hired to
superintend the servants of a household and manage the
ordinary domestic affairs.
3. One who exercises hospitality, or has a plentiful and
hospitable household. [Obs.] --Sir H. Wotton.
4. One who keeps or stays much at home. [R.]
You are manifest housekeeper. --Shak.
5. A house dog. [Obs.] --Shak.
Housekeeping \House"keep`ing\, n.
1. The state of occupying a dwelling house as a householder.
2. Care of domestic concerns; management of a house and home
affairs.
3. Hospitality; a liberal and hospitable table; a supply of
provisions. [Obs.]
Tell me, softly and hastily, what's in the pantry?
Small housekeeping enough, said Ph[oe]be. --Sir W.
Scott.
Housekeeping \House"keep`ing\, a.
Domestic; used in a family; as, housekeeping commodities.
Housel \Hou"sel\, n. [OE. housel, husel, AS. h[=u]sel; akin to
Icel. h[=u]sl, Goth. hunsl a sacrifice.]
The eucharist. [Archaic] --Rom. of R. --Tennyson.
Housel \Hou"sel\, v. t. [AS. h[=u]slian.]
To administer the eucharist to. [Archaic] --Chaucer.
Houseleek \House"leek`\, n. [House + leek.] (Bot.)
A succulent plant of the genus {Sempervivum} ({S. tectorum}),
originally a native of subalpine Europe, but now found very
generally on old walls and roofs. It is very tenacious of
life under drought and heat; -- called also {ayegreen}.
Houseless \House"less\, a.
Destitute of the shelter of a house; shelterless; homeless;
as, a houseless wanderer.
Houselessness \House"less*ness\, n.
The state of being houseless.
Houseline \House"line`\, n. (Naut.)
A small line of three strands used for seizing; -- called
also {housing}. --Totten.
Houseling \House"ling`\, a.
Same as {Housling}.
Housemaid \House"maid`\, n.
A female servant employed to do housework, esp. to take care
of the rooms.
{Housemaid's knee} (Med.), a swelling over the knee, due to
an enlargement of the bursa in the front of the kneepan;
-- so called because frequently occurring in servant girls
who work upon their knees.
Housemate \House"mate`\, n.
One who dwells in the same house with another. --R. Browning.
Houseroom \House"room`\, n.
Room or place in a house; as, to give any one houseroom.
Housewarming \House"warm`ing\, n.
A feast or merry-making made by or for a family or business
firm on taking possession of a new house or premises.
--Johnson.
Housewife \House"wife`\, n. [House + wife. Cf. {Hussy}.]
1. The wife of a householder; the mistress of a family; the
female head of a household. --Shak.
He a good husband, a good housewife she. --Dryden.
2. (Usually pronounced ?.) [See {Hussy}, in this sense.] A
little case or bag for materials used in sewing, and for
other articles of female work; -- called also {hussy}.
[Written also {huswife}.] --P. Skelton.
3. A hussy. [R.] [Usually written {huswife}.] --Shak.
{Sailor's housewife}, a ditty-bag.
Housewife \House"wife`\, Housewive \House"wive`\, v. t.
To manage with skill and economy, as a housewife or other
female manager; to economize.
Conferred those moneys on the nuns, which since they
have well housewived. --Fuller.
Housewifely \House"wife`ly\, a.
Pertaining or appropriate to a housewife; domestic;
economical; prudent.
A good sort of woman, ladylike and housewifely. --Sir
W. Scott.
Housewifery \House"wif`er*y\, n.
The business of the mistress of a family; female management
of domestic concerns.
Housework \House"work`\, n.
The work belonging to housekeeping; especially, kitchen work,
sweeping, scrubbing, bed making, and the like.
Housewright \House"wright`\, n.
A builder of houses.
Housing \Hous"ing\, n. [From {House}. In some of its senses this
word has been confused with the following word.]
1. The act of putting or receiving under shelter; the state
of dwelling in a habitation.
2. That which shelters or covers; houses, taken collectively.
--Fabyan.
3. (Arch.)
(a) The space taken out of one solid, to admit the
insertion of part of another, as the end of one timber
in the side of another.
(b) A niche for a statue.
4. (Mach.) A frame or support for holding something in place,
as journal boxes, etc.
5. (Naut.)
(a) That portion of a mast or bowsprit which is beneath
the deck or within the vessel.
(b) A covering or protection, as an awning over the deck
of a ship when laid up.
(c) A houseline. See {Houseline}.
Housing \Hous"ing\, n. [From {Houss}.]
1. A cover or cloth for a horse's saddle, as an ornamental or
military appendage; a saddlecloth; a horse cloth; in
plural, trappings.
2. An appendage to the hames or collar of a harness.
Housling \Hous"ling\, a. [See {Housel}.]
Sacramental; as, housling fire. [R.] --Spenser.
Houss \Houss\, n. [F. housse, LL. hulcia, fr. OHG. hulst; akin
to E. holster. See {Holster}, and cf. 2d {Housing}.]
A saddlecloth; a housing. [Obs.] --Dryden.
Houtou \Hou"tou\, n. [From its note.] (Zo["o]l.)
A beautiful South American motmot. --Waterton.
Houve \Houve\, n. [AS. h[=u]fe.]
A head covering of various kinds; a hood; a coif; a cap.
[Obs.] --Chaucer.
Houyhnhnm \Hou*yhnhnm"\, n.
One of the race of horses described by Swift in his imaginary
travels of Lemuel Gulliver. The Houyhnhnms were endowed with
reason and noble qualities; subject to them were Yahoos, a
race of brutes having the form and all the worst vices of
men.
Hove \Hove\,
imp. & p. p. of {Heave}.
{Hove short}, {Hove to}. See {To heave a cable short}, {To
heave a ship to}, etc., under {Heave}.
Hove \Hove\, v. i. & t.
To rise; to swell; to heave; to cause to swell. [Obs. or
Scot.] --Holland. Burns.
Hove \Hove\, v. i. [OE. hoven. See {Hover}.]
To hover around; to loiter; to lurk. [Obs.] --Gower.
Hovel \Hov"el\, n. [OE. hovel, hovil, prob. a dim. fr. AS. hof
house; akin to D. & G. hof court, yard, Icel. hof temple; cf.
Prov. E. hove to take shelter, heuf shelter, home.]
1. An open shed for sheltering cattle, or protecting produce,
etc., from the weather. --Brande & C.
2. A poor cottage; a small, mean house; a hut.
3. (Porcelain Manuf.) A large conical brick structure around
which the firing kilns are grouped. --Knight.
Hovel \Hov"el\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hoveled}or {Hovelled}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Hoveling} or {Hovelling}.]
To put in a hovel; to shelter.
To hovel thee with swine, and rogues forlon. --Shak.
The poor are hoveled and hustled together. --Tennyson.
Hoveler \Hov"el*er\, n.
One who assists in saving life and property from a wreck; a
coast boatman. [Written also {hoveller}.] [Prov. Eng.] --G.
P. R. James.
Hoveling \Hov"el*ing\, n.
A method of securing a good draught in chimneys by covering
the top, leaving openings in the sides, or by carrying up two
of the sides higher than the other two. [Written also
{hovelling}.]
Hoven \Ho"ven\, obs. or archaic
p. p. of {Heave}.
Hoven \Ho"ven\, a.
Affected with the disease called hoove; as, hoven cattle.
Hover \Hov"er\, n. [Etymol. doubtful.]
A cover; a shelter; a protection. [Archaic] --Carew. --C.
Kingsley.
Hover \Hov"er\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hovered}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hovering}.] [OE. hoveren, and hoven, prob. orig., to abide,
linger, and fr. AS. hof house; cf. OFries. hovia to receive
into one's house. See {Hovel}.]
1. To hang fluttering in the air, or on the wing; to remain
in flight or floating about or over a place or object; to
be suspended in the air above something.
Great flights of birds are hovering about the
bridge, and settling on it. --Addison.
A hovering mist came swimming o'er his sight.
--Dryden.
2. To hang about; to move to and fro near a place,
threateningly, watchfully, or irresolutely.
Agricola having sent his navy to hover on the coast.
--Milton.
Hovering o'er the paper with her quill. --Shak.
Hoverer \Hov"er*er\, n.
A device in an incubator for protecting the young chickens
and keeping them warm.
Hover-hawk \Hov"er-hawk`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The kestrel.
Hoveringly \Hov"er*ing*ly\, adv.
In a hovering manner.
How \How\, adv. [OE. how, hou, hu, hwu, AS. h?, from the same
root as hw[=a], hw[ae]t, who, what, pron. interrog.; akin to
OS. hw[=o]w, D. hoe, cf. G. wie how, Goth. hw[=e] wherewith,
hwaiwa how. [root]182. See {Who}, and cf. {Why}.]
1. In what manner or way; by what means or process.
How can a man be born when he is old? --John iii. 4.
2. To what degree or extent, number or amount; in what
proportion; by what measure or quality.
O, how love I thy law! it is my meditation all the
day. --Ps. cxix.
97.
By how much they would diminish the present extent
of the sea, so much they would impair the fertility,
and fountains, and rivers of the earth. --Bentley.
3. For what reason; from what cause.
How now, my love! why is your cheek so pale? --Shak.
4. In what state, condition, or plight.
How, and with what reproach, shall I return?
--Dryden.
5. By what name, designation, or title.
How art thou called? --Shak.
6. At what price; how dear. [Obs.]
How a score of ewes now? --Shak.
Note: How is used in each sense, interrogatively,
interjectionally, and relatively; it is also often
employed to emphasize an interrogation or exclamation.
``How are the mighty fallen!'' --2 Sam. i. 27.
Sometimes, also, it is used as a noun; -- as, the how,
the when, the wherefore. --Shelley.
Let me beg you -- don't say ``How?'' for
``What?'' --Holmes.
Howadji \How*adj"i\, n. [Ar.]
1. A traveler.
2. A merchant; -- so called in the East because merchants
were formerly the chief travelers.
Howbeit \How*be"it\, conj. [How + be + it.]
Be it as it may; nevertheless; notwithstanding; although;
albeit; yet; but; however.
The Moor -- howbeit that I endure him not - Is of a
constant, loving, noble nature. --Shak.
Howdah \How"dah\, n. [Ar. hawdaj.]
A seat or pavilion, generally covered, fastened on the back
of an elephant, for the rider or riders. [Written also
{houdah}.]
Howdy \How"dy\, n. [Scot., also houdy- wife. Of uncertain
origin; cf. OSw. jordgumma; or perh. fr. E. how d'ye.]
A midwife. [Prov. Eng.]
Howel \How"el\, n.
A tool used by coopers for smoothing and chamfering rheir
work, especially the inside of casks.
Howel \How"el\, v. t.
To smooth; to plane; as, to howel a cask.
Howell \How"ell\, n.
The upper stage of a porcelian furnace.
However \How*ev"er\, adv. [Sometimes contracted into howe'er.]
1. In whetever manner, way, or degree.
However yet they me despise and spite. --Spenser.
Howe'er the business goes, you have made fault.
--Shak.
2. At all events; at least; in any case.
Our chief end is to be freed from all, if it may be,
however from the greatest evils. --Tillotson.
However \How*ev"er\, conj.
Nevertheless; notwithstanding; yet; still; though; as, I
shall not oppose your design; I can not, however, approve of
it.
In your excuse your love does little say; You might
howe'er have took a better way. --Dryden.
Syn: {However}, {At least}, {Nevertheless}, {Yet}.
Usage: These words, as here compared, have an adversative
sense in reference to something referred to in the
context. However is the most general, and leads to a
final conclusion or decision. Thus we say, the truth,
however, has not yet fully come out; i.e., such is the
speaker's conclusion in view of the whole case. So
also we say, however, you may rely on my assistance to
that amount; i. e., at all events, whatever may
happen, this is my final decision. At least is
adversative in another way. It points out the utmost
concession that can possibly be required, and still
marks the adversative conclusion; as, at least, this
must be done; whatever may be our love of peace, we
must at least maintain the rights of conscience.
Nevertheless denotes that though the concession be
fully made, it has no bearing of the question; as,
nevertheless, we must go forward. Yet signifies that
however extreme the supposition or fact comceded may
be, the consequence which might naturally be expected
does not and will not follow; as, though I should die
with thee, yet will I not deny thee; though he slay
me, yet will I trust in him. Cf. {But}.
Howitz \How"itz\, n.
A howitzer. [Obs.]
Howitzer \How"itz*er\, n. [G. haubitze, formerly hauffnitz,
Bohem. haufnice, orig., a sling.] (Mil.)
(a) A gun so short that the projectile, which was hollow,
could be put in its place by hand; a kind of mortar.
[Obs.]
(b) A short, light, largebore cannon, usually having a
chamber of smaller diameter than the rest of the bore,
and intended to throw large projectiles with
comparatively small charges.
Howker \How"ker\, n. (Naut.)
Same as {Hooker}.
Howl \Howl\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Howled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Howling}.] [OE. houlen, hulen; akin to D. huilen, MHG.
hiulen, hiuweln, OHG. hiuwil[=o]n to exult, h?wo owl, Dan.
hyle to howl.]
1. To utter a loud, protraced, mournful sound or cry, as dogs
and wolves often do.
And dogs in corners set them down to howl.
--Drayton.
Methought a legion of foul fiends Environ'd me
about, and howled in my ears. --Shak.
2. To utter a sound expressive of distress; to cry aloud and
mournfully; to lament; to wail.
Howl ye, for the day of the Lord is at hand. --Is.
xiii. 6.
3. To make a noise resembling the cry of a wild beast.
Wild howled the wind. --Sir W.
Scott.
{Howling monkey}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Howler}, 2.
{Howling wilderness}, a wild, desolate place inhabited only
by wild beasts. --Deut. xxxii. 10.
Howl \Howl\, v. t.
To utter with outcry. ``Go . . . howl it out in deserts.''
--Philips.
Howl \Howl\, n.
1. The protracted, mournful cry of a dog or a wolf, or other
like sound.
2. A prolonged cry of distress or anguish; a wail.
Howler \Howl"er\, n.
1. One who howls.
2. (Zo["o]l.) Any South American monkey of the genus
{Mycetes}. Many species are known. They are arboreal in
their habits, and are noted for the loud, discordant
howling in which they indulge at night.
Howlet \Howl"et\, n. [Equiv. to owlet, influenced by howl: cf.
F. hulotte, OHG. h?wela, hiuwela.] (Zo["o]l.)
An owl; an owlet. [Written also {houlet}.] --R. Browning.
Howp \Howp\, v. i.
To cry out; to whoop. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Howso \How"so\, adv.
Howsoever. [Obs.]
Howsoever \How`so*ev"er\, adj. & conj. [How + so + ever.]
1. In what manner soever; to whatever degree or extent;
however.
I am glad he's come, howsoever he comes. --Shak.
2. Although; though; however. [Obs.] --Shak.
Howve \Howve\, n.
A hood. See {Houve}. [Obs.]
Hox \Hox\, v. t. [See {Hock}. [root]??.]
To hock; to hamstring. See {Hock}. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hoy \Hoy\, n. [D. heu, or Flem. hui.] (Naut.)
A small coaster vessel, usually sloop-rigged, used in
conveying passengers and goods from place to place, or as a
tender to larger vessels in port.
The hoy went to London every week. --Cowper.
Hoy \Hoy\, interj. [D. hui. Cf. {Ahoy}.]
Ho! Halloe! Stop!
Hoyden \Hoy"den\, n.
Same as {Hoiden}.
Hoyman \Hoy"man\, n.; pl. {Hoymen}.
One who navigates a hoy.
A common hoyman to carry goods by water for hire.
--Hobart.
Huanaco \Hua*na"co\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
See {Guanaco}.
Hub \Hub\, n. [See 1st {Hob}.]
1. The central part, usually cylindrical, of a wheel; the
nave. See Illust. of {Axle box}.
2. The hilt of a weapon. --Halliwell.
3. A rough protuberance or projecting obstruction; as, a hub
in the road. [U.S.] See {Hubby}.
4. A goal or mark at which quoits, etc., are cast.
5. (Diesinking) A hardened, engraved steel punch for
impressing a device upon a die, used in coining, etc.
6. A screw hob. See {Hob}, 3.
7. A block for scotching a wheel.
{Hub plank} (Highway Bridges), a horizontal guard plank along
a truss at the height of a wagon-wheel hub.
{Up to the hub}, as far as possible in embarrassment or
difficulty, or in business, like a wheel sunk in mire;
deeply involved. [Colloq.]
Hubble-bubble \Hub"ble-bub`ble\, n.
A tobacco pipe, so arranged that the smoke passes through
water, making a bubbling noise, whence its name. In India,
the bulb containing the water is often a cocoanut shell.
Hubbub \Hub"bub\, n. [Cf. {Whoobub}, {Whoop}, {Hoop}, v. i.]
A loud noise of many confused voices; a tumult; uproar.
--Milton.
This hubbub of unmeaning words. --Macaulay.
Hubby \Hub"by\, a.
Full of hubs or protuberances; as, a road that has been
frozen while muddy is hubby. [U.S.]
Hubner \H["u]b"ner\, n. [After H["u]bner, who analyzed it.]
(Min.)
A mineral of brownish black color, occurring in columnar or
foliated masses. It is native manganese tungstate.
Huch \Huch\, Huchen \Hu"chen\, n. [G.] (Zo["o]l.)
A large salmon ({Salmo, or Salvelinus, hucho}) inhabiting the
Danube; -- called also {huso}, and {bull trout}.
Huck \Huck\, v. i. [See {Hawk} to offer for sale, {Huckster}.]
To higgle in trading. [Obs.] --Holland.
Huckaback \Huck"a*back\, n. [Perh. orig., peddler's wares; cf.
LG. hukkebak pickback. Cf. {Huckster}.]
A kind of linen cloth with raised figures, used for
towelings.
Huckle \Huc"kle\, n. [Perh. dim. of Prov. E. hucka hook, and so
named from its round shape. See {Hook}.]
1. The hip; the haunch.
2. A bunch or part projecting like the hip.
{Huckle bone}.
(a) The hip bone; the innominate bone.
(b) A small bone of the ankle; astragalus. [R.] --Udall.
Huckle-backed \Huc"kle-backed`\, a.
Round-shoulded.
Huckleberry \Huc"kle*ber`ry\, n. [Cf. {Whortleberry}.] (Bot.)
(a) The edible black or dark blue fruit of several species of
the American genus {Gaylussacia}, shrubs nearly related
to the blueberries ({Vaccinium}), and formerly confused
with them. The commonest huckelberry comes from {G.
resinosa}.
(b) The shrub that bears the berries. Called also
whortleberry.
{Squaw huckleberry}. See {Deeberry}.
Huckster \Huck"ster\, n. [OE. hukstere, hukster, OD. heukster,
D. heuker; akin to D. huiken to stoop, bend, OD. huycken,
huken, G. hocken, to squat, Icel. h?ka; -- the peddler being
named from his stooping under the load on his back. Cf.
{Hawk} to offer for sale.]
1. A retailer of small articles, of provisions, and the like;
a peddler; a hawker. --Swift.
2. A mean, trickish fellow. --Bp. Hall.
Huckster \Huck"ster\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Huckstered}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Huckstering}.]
To deal in small articles, or in petty bargains. --Swift.
Hucksterage \Huck"ster*age\, n.
The business of a huckster; small dealing; peddling.
Ignoble huckster age of piddling tithes. --Milton.
Hucksterer \Huck"ster*er\, n.
A huckster. --Gladstone.
Those hucksterers or money-jobbers. --Swift.
Huckstress \Huck"stress\, n.
A female huckster.
Hud \Hud\, n. [Cf. {Hood} a covering.]
A huck or hull, as of a nut. [Prov. Eng.] --Wright.
Huddle \Hud"dle\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Huddled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Huddling}.] [Cf. OE. hoderen, hodren, to cover, keep, warm;
perh. akin to OE. huden, hiden, to hide, E. hide, and orig.
meaning, to get together for protection in a safe place. Cf.
{Hide} to conceal.]
To press together promiscuously, from confusion,
apprehension, or the like; to crowd together confusedly; to
press or hurry in disorder; to crowd.
The cattle huddled on the lea. --Tennyson.
Huddling together on the public square . . . like a
herd of panic-struck deer. --Prescott.
Huddle \Hud"dle\, v. t.
1. To crowd (things) together to mingle confusedly; to
assemble without order or system.
Our adversary, huddling several suppositions
together, . . . makes a medley and confusion.
--Locke.
2. To do, make, or put, in haste or roughly; hence, to do
imperfectly; -- usually with a following preposition or
adverb; as, to huddle on; to huddle up; to huddle
together. ``Huddle up a peace.'' --J. H. Newman.
Let him forescat his work with timely care, Which
else is huddled when the skies are fair. --Dryden.
Now, in all haste, they huddle on Their hoods, their
cloaks, and get them gone. --Swift.
Huddle \Hud"dle\, n.
A crowd; a number of persons or things crowded together in a
confused manner; tumult; confusion. ``A huddle of ideas.''
--Addison.
Huddler \Hud"dler\, n.
One who huddles things together.
Hudge \Hudge\, n. (Mining)
An iron bucket for hoisting coal or ore. --Raymond.
Hudibrastic \Hu`di*bras"tic\, a.
Similar to, or in the style of, the poem ``Hudibras,'' by
Samuel Butler; in the style of doggerel verse. --Macaulay.
Hudsonian \Hud*so"ni*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to Hudson's Bay or to the Hudson River; as,
the Hudsonian curlew.
Hue \Hue\, n. [OE. hew, heow, color, shape, form, AS. hiw, heow;
akin to Sw. hy skin, complexion, Goth. hiwi form,
appearance.]
1. Color or shade of color; tint; dye. ``Flowers of all
hue.'' --Milton.
Hues of the rich unfolding morn. --Keble.
2. (Painting) A predominant shade in a composition of primary
colors; a primary color modified by combination with
others.
Hue \Hue\, n. [OE. hue, huer, to hoot, shout, prob. fr. OF. hu
an exclamation.]
A shouting or vociferation.
{Hue and cry} (Law), a loud outcry with which felons were
anciently pursued, and which all who heard it were obliged
to take up, joining in the pursuit till the malefactor was
taken; in later usage, a written proclamation issued on
the escape of a felon from prison, requiring all persons
to aid in retaking him. --Burrill.
Hued \Hued\, a.
Having color; -- usually in composition; as, bright-hued;
many-hued. --Chaucer.
Hueless \Hue"less\, a. [AS. hiwle['a]s. See {Hue} color.]
Destitute of color. --Hudibras.
Huer \Hu"er\, n.
One who cries out or gives an alarm; specifically, a balker;
a conder. See {Balker}.
Huff \Huff\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Huffed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Huffing}.] [Cf. OE. hoove to puff up, blow; prob. of
imitative origin.]
1. To swell; to enlarge; to puff up; as, huffed up with air.
--Grew.
2. To treat with insolence and arrogance; to chide or rebuke
with insolence; to hector; to bully.
You must not presume to huff us. --Echard.
3. (Draughts) To remove from the board (the piece which could
have captured an opposing piece). See {Huff}, v. i., 3.
Huff \Huff\, v. i.
1. To enlarge; to swell up; as, bread huffs.
2. To bluster or swell with anger, pride, or arrogance; to
storm; to take offense.
THis senseless arrogant conceit of theirs made them
huff at the doctrine of repentance. --South.
3. (Draughts) To remove from the board a man which could have
captured a piece but has not done so; -- so called because
it was the habit to blow upon the piece.
Huff \Huff\, n.
1. A swell of sudden anger or arrogance; a fit of
disappointment and petulance or anger; a rage. ``Left the
place in a huff.'' --W. Irving.
2. A boaster; one swelled with a false opinion of his own
value or importance.
Lewd, shallow-brained huffs make atheism and
contempt of religion the sole badge . . . of wit.
--South.
{To take huff}, to take offence. --Cowper.
Huffcap \Huff"cap`\, n.
A blusterer; a bully. [Obs.] -- a. Blustering; swaggering.
[Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Huffer \Huff"er\, n.
A bully; a blusterer. --Hudibras.
Huffiness \Huff"i*ness\, n.
The state of being huffish; petulance; bad temper. --Ld.
Lytton.
Huffingly \Huff"ing*ly\, adv.
Blusteringly; arrogantly. [R.]
And huffingly doth this bonny Scot ride. --Old Ballad.
Huffish \Huff"ish\, a.
Disposed to be blustering or arrogant; petulant. --
{Huff"ish*ly}, adv. -- {Huff"ish*ness}, n.
Huffy \Huff"y\, a.
1. Puffed up; as, huffy bread.
2. Characterized by arrogance or petulance; easily offended.
Hug \Hug\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hugged}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hugging}.] [Prob. of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. sidde paa huk
to squat, Sw. huka sig to squat, Icel. h?ka. Cf. {Huckster}.]
1. To cower; to crouch; to curl up. [Obs.] --Palsgrave.
2. To crowd together; to cuddle. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hug \Hug\, v. t.
1. To press closely within the arms; to clasp to the bosom;
to embrace. ``And huggen me in his arms.'' --Shak.
2. To hold fast; to cling to; to cherish.
We hug deformities if they bear our names.
--Glanvill.
3. (Naut.) To keep close to; as, to hug the land; to hug the
wind.
{To hug one's self}, to congratulate one's self; to chuckle.
Hug \Hug\, n.
A close embrace or clasping with the arms, as in affection or
in wrestling. --Fuller.
Huge \Huge\, a. [Compar. {Huger}; superl. {Hugest}.] [OE. huge,
hoge, OF. ahuge, ahoge.]
Very large; enormous; immense; excessive; -- used esp. of
material bulk, but often of qualities, extent, etc.; as, a
huge ox; a huge space; a huge difference. ``The huge
confusion.'' --Chapman. ``A huge filly.'' --Jer. Taylor. --
{Huge"ly}, adv. -- {Huge"ness}, n.
Doth it not flow as hugely as the sea. --Shak.
Syn: Enormous; gigantic; colossal; immense; prodigious; vast.
Hugger \Hug"ger\, n.
One who hugs or embraces.
Hugger \Hug"ger\, v. t. & i.
To conceal; to lurk ambush. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Hugger-mugger \Hug"ger-mug`ger\, n. [Scot. huggrie-muggrie;
Prov. E. hugger to lie in ambush, mug mist, muggard sullen.]
Privacy; secrecy. Commonly in the phrase in hugger-mugger,
with haste and secrecy. [Archaic]
Many things have been done in hugger-mugger. --Fuller.
Hugger-mugger \Hug"ger-mug`ger\, a.
1. Secret; clandestine; sly.
2. Confused; disorderly; slovenly; mean; as, hugger-mugger
doings.
Huggle \Hug"gle\, v. t. [Freq. of hug.]
To hug. [Obs.]
Huguenot \Hu"gue*not\, n. [F., properly a dim. of Hugues. The
name is probably derived from the Christian name (Huguenot)
of some person conspicuous as a reformer.] (Eccl. Hist.)
A French Protestant of the period of the religious wars in
France in the 16th century.
Huguenotism \Hu"gue*not*ism\, n. [Cf. F. huguenotisme.]
The religion of the Huguenots in France.
Hugy \Hu"gy\, a.
Vast. [Obs.] --Dryden.
Huia bird \Hu"ia bird`\ [Native name; -- so called from its
cry.] (Zo["o]l.)
A New Zealand starling ({Heteralocha acutirostris}),
remarkable for the great difference in the form and length of
the bill in the two sexes, that of the male being sharp and
straight, that of the female much longer and strongly curved.
Huisher \Hui"sher\, n. [Obs.]
See {Usher}. --B. Jonson.
Huisher \Hui"sher\, v. t.
To usher. [Obs.] --Jer. Taylor.
Huke \Huke\, n. [OF. huque, LL. huca; cf. D. huik.]
An outer garment worn in Europe in the Middle Ages. [Written
also {heuk} and {hyke}.] [Obs.] --Bacon.
Hulan \Hu"lan\, n.
See {Uhlan}.
Hulch \Hulch\, n. [Cf. {Hunch}.]
A hunch. [Obs.]
Hulchy \Hulch"y\, a.
Swollen; gibbous. [Obs.]
Hulk \Hulk\, n. [OE. hulke a heavy ship, AS. hulc a light, swift
ship; akin to D. hulk a ship of burden, G. holk, OHG. holcho;
perh. fr. LL. holcas, Gr. ?, prop., a ship which is towed,
fr. ? to draw, drag, tow. Cf. {Wolf}, {Holcad}.]
1. The body of a ship or decked vessel of any kind; esp., the
body of an old vessel laid by as unfit for service. ``Some
well-timbered hulk.'' --Spenser.
2. A heavy ship of clumsy build. --Skeat.
3. Anything bulky or unwieldly. --Shak.
{Shear hulk}, an old ship fitted with an apparatus to fix or
take out the masts of a ship.
{The hulks}, old or dismasted ships, formerly used as
prisons. [Eng.] --Dickens.
Hulk \Hulk\, v. t. [Cf. MLG. holken to hollow out, Sw.
h[*a]lka.]
To take out the entrails of; to disembowel; as, to hulk a
hare. [R.] --Beau. & Fl.
Hulking \Hulk"ing\, Hulky \Hulk"y\, a.
Bulky; unwiedly. [R.] ``A huge hulking fellow.'' --H. Brooke.
Hull \Hull\, n. [OE. hul, hol, shell, husk, AS. hulu; akin to G.
h["u]lle covering, husk, case, h["u]llen to cover, Goth.
huljan to cover, AS. helan to hele, conceal. [root]17. See
{Hele}, v. t., {Hell}.]
1. The outer covering of anything, particularly of a nut or
of grain; the outer skin of a kernel; the husk.
2. [In this sense perh. influenced by D. hol hold of a ship,
E. hold.] (Naut.) The frame or body of a vessel, exclusive
of her masts, yards, sails, and rigging.
Deep in their hulls our deadly bullets light.
--Dryden.
{Hull down}, said of a ship so distant that her hull is
concealed by the convexity of the sea.
Hull \Hull\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hulled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hulling}.]
1. To strip off or separate the hull or hulls of; to free
from integument; as, to hull corn.
2. To pierce the hull of, as a ship, with a cannon ball.
Hull \Hull\, v. i.
To toss or drive on the water, like the hull of a ship
without sails. [Obs.] --Shak. Milton.
Hullabaloo \Hul`la*ba*loo"\, n. [Perh. a corruption of
hurly-burly.]
A confused noise; uproar; tumult. [Colloq.] --Thackeray.
Hulled \Hulled\, a.
Deprived of the hulls.
{Hulled corn}, kernels of maize prepared for food by removing
the hulls.
Huller \Hull"er\, n.
One who, or that which, hulls; especially, an agricultural
machine for removing the hulls from grain; a hulling machine.
Hullo \Hul*lo"\, interj.
See {Hollo}.
Hully \Hull"y\, a.
Having or containing hulls.
Huloist \Hu"lo*ist\, n.
See {Hyloist}.
Hulotheism \Hu"lo*the*ism\, n.
See {Hylotheism}.
Hulver \Hul"ver\, n. [OE. hulfere; prob. akin to E. holly.]
Holly, an evergreen shrub or tree.
Hum \Hum\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hummed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Humming}.] [Of imitative origin; cf. G. hummen, D. hommelen.
[root]15.]
1. To make a low, prolonged sound, like that of a bee in
flight; to drone; to murmur; to buzz; as, a top hums. --P.
Fletcher.
Still humming on, their drowsy course they keep.
--Pope.
2. To make a nasal sound, like that of the letter m
prolonged, without opening the mouth, or articulating; to
mumble in monotonous undertone; to drone.
The cloudy messenger turns me his back, And hums.
--Shak.
3. [Cf. {Hum}, interj.] To make an inarticulate sound, like
h'm, through the nose in the process of speaking, from
embarrassment or a affectation; to hem.
4. To express satisfaction by a humming noise.
Here the spectators hummed. --Trial of the
Regicides.
Note: Formerly the habit of audiences was to express
gratification by humming and displeasure by hissing.
5. To have the sensation of a humming noise; as, my head
hums, -- a pathological condition.
Hum \Hum\, v. t.
1. To sing with shut mouth; to murmur without articulation;
to mumble; as, to hum a tune.
2. To express satisfaction with by humming.
3. To flatter by approving; to cajole; to impose on; to
humbug. [Colloq. & Low]
Hum \Hum\, n.
1. A low monotonous noise, as of bees in flight, of a swiftly
revolving top, of a wheel, or the like; a drone; a buzz.
The shard-borne beetle with his drowsy hums. --Shak.
2. Any inarticulate and buzzing sound; as:
(a) The confused noise of a crowd or of machinery, etc.,
heard at a distance; as, the hum of industry.
But 'midst the crowd, the hum, the shock of men.
--Byron.
(b) A buzz or murmur, as of approbation. --Macaulay.
3. An imposition or hoax.
4. [Cf. {Hem}, interj.] An inarticulate nasal sound or
murmur, like h'm, uttered by a speaker in pause from
embarrassment, affectation, etc.
THese shrugs, these hums and ha's. --Shak.
5. [Perh. so called because strongly intoxicating.] A kind of
strong drink formerly used. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
{Venous hum}. See under {Venous}.
Hum \Hum\, interj. [Cf. {Hem}, interj.]
Ahem; hem; an inarticulate sound uttered in a pause of speech
implying doubt and deliberation. --Pope.
Human \Hu"man\, a. [L. humanus; akin to homo man: cf. F. humain.
See {Homage}, and cf. {Humane}, {Omber}.]
Belonging to man or mankind; having the qualities or
attributes of a man; of or pertaining to man or to the race
of man; as, a human voice; human shape; human nature; human
sacrifices.
To err is human; to forgive, divine. --Pope.
Human \Hu"man\, n.
A human being. [Colloq.]
Sprung of humans that inhabit earth. --Chapman.
We humans often find ourselves in strange position.
--Prof.
Wilson.
Humanate \Hu"man*ate\, a. [LL. humanatus.]
Indued with humanity. [Obs.] --Cranmer.
Humane \Hu*mane"\, a. [L. humanus: cf. F. humain. See {Human}.]
1. Pertaining to man; human. [Obs.] --Jer. Taylor.
2. Having the feelings and inclinations creditable to man;
having a disposition to treat other human beings or
animals with kindness; kind; benevolent.
Of an exceeding courteous and humane inclination.
--Sportswood.
3. Humanizing; exalting; tending to refine.
Syn: Kind; sympathizing; benevolent; mild; compassionate;
gentle; tender; merciful. -- {Hu*mane"ly}, adv. --
{Hu*mane"ness}, n.
Humanics \Hu*man"ics\, n.
The study of human nature. [R.] --T. W. Collins.
Humanify \Hu*man"i*fy\, v. t.
To make human; to invest with a human personality; to
incarnate. [R.]
The humanifying of the divine Word. --H. B.
Wilson.
Humanism \Hu"man*ism\, n.
1. Human nature or disposition; humanity.
[She] looked almost like a being who had rejected
with indifference the attitude of sex for the
loftier quality of abstract humanism. --T. Hardy.
2. The study of the humanities; polite learning.
Humanist \Hu"man*ist\, n. [Cf. F. humaniste.]
1. One of the scholars who in the field of literature proper
represented the movement of the Renaissance, and early in
the 16th century adopted the name Humanist as their
distinctive title. --Schaff-Herzog.
2. One who purposes the study of the humanities, or polite
literature.
3. One versed in knowledge of human nature.
Humanistic \Hu`man*is"tic\, a.
1. Of or pertaining to humanity; as, humanistic devotion.
--Caird.
2. Pertaining to polite kiterature. --M. Arnold.
Humanitarian \Hu*man`i*ta"ri*an\, a.
1. (Theol. & Ch. Hist.) Pertaining to humanitarians, or to
humanitarianism; as, a humanitarian view of Christ's
nature.
2. (Philos.) Content with right affections and actions toward
man; ethical, as distinguished from religious; believing
in the perfectibility of man's nature without supernatural
aid.
3. Benevolent; philanthropic. [Recent]
Humanitarian \Hu*man`i*ta"ri*an\, n. [From {Humanity}.]
1. (Theol. & Ch. Hist.) One who denies the divinity of
Christ, and believes him to have been merely human.
2. (Philos.) One who limits the sphere of duties to human
relations and affections, to the exclusion or
disparagement of the religious or spiritual.
3. One who is actively concerned in promoting the welfare of
his kind; a philanthropist. [Recent]
Humanitarianism \Hu*man`i*ta"ri*an*ism\, n.
1. (Theol. & Ch. Hist.) The distinctive tenet of the
humanitarians in denying the divinity of Christ; also, the
whole system of doctrine based upon this view of Christ.
2. (Philos.) The doctrine that man's obligations are limited
to, and dependent alone upon, man and the human relations.
Humanitian \Hu`ma*ni"tian\, n.
A humanist. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Humanity \Hu*man"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Humanities}. [L. humanitas: cf.
F. humanit['e]. See {Human}.]
1. The quality of being human; the peculiar nature of man, by
which he is distinguished from other beings.
2. Mankind collectively; the human race.
But hearing oftentimes The still, and music
humanity. --Wordsworth.
It is a debt we owe to humanity. --S. S. Smith.
3. The quality of being humane; the kind feelings,
dispositions, and sympathies of man; especially, a
disposition to relieve persons or animals in distress, and
to treat all creatures with kindness and tenderness. ``The
common offices of humanity and friendship.'' --Locke.
4. Mental cultivation; liberal education; instruction in
classical and polite literature.
Polished with humanity and the study of witty
science. --Holland.
5. pl. (With definite article) The branches of polite or
elegant learning; as language, rhetoric, poetry, and the
ancient classics; belles-letters.
Note: The cultivation of the languages, literature, history,
and arch[ae]ology of Greece and Rome, were very
commonly called liter[ae] humaniores, or, in English,
the humanities, . . . by way of opposition to the
liter[ae] divin[ae], or divinity. --G. P. Marsh.
Humanization \Hu*man`i*za"tion\, n.
The act of humanizing. --M. Arnold.
Humanize \Hu"man*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Humanized}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Humanizing}.] [Cf. F. humaniser.]
1. To render human or humane; to soften; to make gentle by
overcoming cruel dispositions and rude habits; to refine
or civilize.
Was it the business of magic to humanize our natures
with compassion? --Addison.
2. To give a human character or expression to. ``Humanized
divinities.'' --Caird.
3. (Med.) To convert into something human or belonging to
man; as, to humanize vaccine lymph.
Humanize \Hu"man*ize\, v. i.
To become or be made more humane; to become civilized; to be
ameliorated.
By the original law of nations, war and extirpation
were the punishment of injury. Humanizing by degrees,
it admitted slavery instead of death; a further step
was the exchange of prisoners instead of slavery.
--Franklin.
Humanizer \Hu"man*i`zer\, n.
One who renders humane.
Humankind \Hu"man*kind`\, n.
Mankind. --Pope.
Humanly \Hu"man*ly\, adv.
1. In a human manner; after the manner of men; according to
the knowledge or wisdom of men; as, the present prospects,
humanly speaking, promise a happy issue. --Sir W. Raleigh.
2. Kindly; humanely. [Obs.] --Pope.
Humanness \Hu"man*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being human.
Humate \Hu"mate\, n. [L. humus the earth, ground.] (Chem.)
A salt of humic acid.
Humation \Hu*ma"tion\, n. [L. humatio, fr. humare to cover with
earth, to inter, fr. humus the earth, ground. See {Homage}.]
Interment; inhumation. [R.]
Humbird \Hum"bird`\, n.
Humming bird.
Humble \Hum"ble\, a. [Compar. {Humbler}; superl. {Humblest}.]
[F., fr. L. humilis on the ground, low, fr. humus the earth,
ground. See {Homage}, and cf. {Chameleon}, {Humiliate}.]
1. Near the ground; not high or lofty; not pretentious or
magnificent; unpretending; unassuming; as, a humble
cottage.
THy humble nest built on the ground. --Cowley.
2. Thinking lowly of one's self; claiming little for one's
self; not proud, arrogant, or assuming; thinking one's
self ill-deserving or unworthy, when judged by the demands
of God; lowly; waek; modest.
God resisteth the proud, but giveth grace unto the
humble. --Jas. iv. 6.
She should be humble who would please. --Prior.
Without a humble imitation of the divine Author of
our . . . religion we can never hope to be a happy
nation. --Washington.
{Humble plant} (Bot.), a species of sensitive plant, of the
genus {Mimosa} ({M. sensitiva}).
{To eat humble pie}, to endure mortification; to submit or
apologize abjectly; to yield passively to insult or
humilitation; -- a phrase derived from a pie made of the
entrails or humbles of a deer, which was formerly served
to servants and retainers at a hunting feast. See
{Humbles}. --Halliwell. --Thackeray.
Humble \Hum"ble\, a.
Hornless. See {Hummel}. [Scot.]
Humble \Hum"ble\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Humbled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Humbling}.]
1. To bring low; to reduce the power, independence, or
exaltation of; to lower; to abase; to humilate.
Here, take this purse, thou whom the heaven's
plagues Have humbled to all strokes. --Shak.
The genius which humbled six marshals of France.
--Macaulay.
2. To make humble or lowly in mind; to abase the pride or
arrogance of; to reduce the self-sufficiently of; to make
meek and submissive; -- often used rexlexively.
Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of
God, that he may exalt you. --1 Pet. v. 6.
Syn: To abase; lower; depress; humiliate; mortify; disgrace;
degrade.
Humblebee \Hum"ble*bee`\, n. [OE. humbilbee, hombulbe; cf. D.
hommel, G. hummel, OHG. humbal, Dan. humle, Sw. humla; perh.
akin to hum. [root]15. Cf. {Bumblebee}.] (Zo["o]l.)
The bumblebee. --Shak.
Humblehead \Hum"ble*head`\, n. [Humble + -head.]
Humble condition or estate; humility. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Humbleness \Hum"ble*ness\, n.
The quality of being humble; humility; meekness.
Humbler \Hum"bler\, n.
One who, or that which, humbles some one.
Humbles \Hum"bles\, n. pl. [See {Nombles}.]
Entrails of a deer. [Written also {umbles}.] --Johnson.
Humblesse \Hum"blesse\, n. [OF.]
Humbleness; abasement; low obeisance. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
--Spenser.
Humbly \Hum"bly\, adv.
With humility; lowly. --Pope.
Humbug \Hum"bug`\, n. [Prob. fr. hum to impose on, deceive + bug
a frightful object.]
1. An imposition under fair pretenses; something contrived in
order to deceive and mislead; a trick by cajolery; a hoax.
2. A spirit of deception; cajolery; trickishness.
3. One who deceives or misleads; a deceitful or trickish
fellow; an impostor. --Sir J. Stephen.
Humbug \Hum"bug`\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Humbugged}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Humbugging}.]
To deceive; to impose; to cajole; to hoax.
Humbugger \Hum"bug`ger\, n.
One who humbugs.
Humbuggery \Hum"bug`ger*y\, n.
The practice of imposition.
Humdrum \Hum"drum`\, a.
Monotonous; dull; commonplace. ``A humdrum crone.'' --Bryant.
Humdrum \Hum"drum`\, n.
1. A dull fellow; a bore. --B. Jonson.
2. Monotonous and tedious routine.
Dissatisfied with humdrum. --The Nation.
3. A low cart with three wheels, drawn by one horse.
Humect \Hu*mect"\, Humectate \Hu*mec"tate\, v. t. [L. humectare,
humectatum, fr. humectus moist, fr. humere to be moist: cf.
F. humecter.]
To moisten; to wet. [Obs.] --Howell.
Humectant \Hu*mec"tant\, a. [L. humectans, p. pr.]
Diluent. -- n. A diluent drink or medicine. [Obs.]
Humectation \Hu`mec*ta"tion\, n. [L. humectatio: cf. F.
humectation.]
A moistening. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Humective \Hu*mec"tive\, a.
Tending to moisten. [Obs.]
Humeral \Hu"mer*al\, a. [L. humerus the shoulder: cf. F.
hum['e]ral.] (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the humerus, or upper part of the arm;
brachial.
{Humeral veil} (R. C. Ch.), a long, narrow veil or scarf of
the same material as the vestments, worn round the
shoulders by the officiating priest or his attendant at
Mass, and used to protect the sacred vessels from contact
with the hands.
Humerus \Hu"me*rus\, n.; pl. {Humeri}. [L.] (Anat.)
(a) The bone of the brachium, or upper part of the arm or
fore limb.
(b) The part of the limb containing the humerus; the
brachium.
Humic \Hu"mic\, a. [L. humus the earth, ground: cf. F. humique.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, vegetable mold; as, humic
acid. See {Humin}.
Humicubation \Hu`mi*cu*ba"tion\, n. [L. humus the ground +
cubare to lie down.]
The act or practice of lying on the ground. [Obs.] --Abp.
Bramhall.
Humid \Hu"mid\, a. [L. humidus, umidus, fr. humere, umere, to be
moist; akin to uvidus moist, Gr. ?, Skr. uksh to wet,
sprinkle, and Icel. v["o]kr moist, and perh. to E. ox: cf. F.
humide.]
Containing sensible moisture; damp; moist; as, a humidair or
atmosphere; somewhat wet or watery; as, humid earth;
consisting of water or vapor.
Evening cloud, or humid bow. --Milton.
Humidity \Hu*mid"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. humidit['e].]
Moisture; dampness; a moderate degree of wetness, which is
perceptible to the eye or touch; -- used especially of the
atmosphere, or of anything which has absorbed moisture from
the atmosphere, as clothing.
Note: In hygrometrical reports (as of the United States
Signal Service) complete saturation of the air is
designated by Humidity 100, and its partial saturation
by smaller numbers.
Humidness \Hu"mid*ness\, n.
Humidity.
Humifuse \Hu"mi*fuse\, a. [L. humus ground + fusus, p. p. of
fundere to spread.] (Bot.)
Spread over the surface of the ground; procumbent. --Gray.
Humiliant \Hu*mil"i*ant\, a. [L. humilians, p. pr. of
humiliare.]
Humiliating; humbling. ``Humiliant thoughts.'' [R.] --Mrs.
Browning.
Humiliate \Hu*mil"i*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Humiliated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Humiliating}.] [L. humiliatus, p. p. of
humiliare. See {Humble}.]
To reduce to a lower position in one's own eyes, or in the
eyes of others; to humble; to mortify.
We stand humiliated rather than encouraged. --M.
Arnold.
Humiliation \Hu*mil`i*a"tion\, n. [L. humiliatio: cf. F.
humiliation.]
1. The act of humiliating or humbling; abasement of pride;
mortification. --Bp. Hopkins.
2. The state of being humiliated, humbled, or reduced to
lowliness or submission.
The former was a humiliation of Deity; the latter a
humiliation of manhood. --Hooker.
Humility \Hu*mil"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Humilities}. [OE. humilite, OF.
humilit['e], humelit['e], F. humilit['e], fr. L. humiliatis.
See {Humble}.]
1. The state or quality of being humble; freedom from pride
and arrogance; lowliness of mind; a modest estimate of
one's own worth; a sense of one's own unworthiness through
imperfection and sinfulness; self-abasement; humbleness.
Serving the Lord with all humility of mind. --Acts
xx. 19.
2. An act of submission or courtesy.
With these humilities they satisfied the young king.
--Sir J.
Davies.
Syn: Lowliness; humbleness; meekness; modesty; diffidence.
Usage: {Humility}, {Modesty}, {Diffidence}. Diffidence is a
distrust of our powers, combined with a fear lest our
failure should be censured, since a dread of failure
unconnected with a dread of censure is not usually
called diffidence. It may be carried too far, and is
not always, like modesty and humility, a virtue.
Modesty, without supposing self-distrust, implies an
unwillingness to put ourselves forward, and an absence
of all over-confidence in our own powers. Humility
consists in rating our claims low, in being willing to
waive our rights, and take a lower place than might be
our due. It does not require of us to underrate
ourselves.
Humin \Hu"min\, n. [L. humus the earth, ground.] (Chem.)
A bitter, brownish yellow, amorphous substance, extracted
from vegetable mold, and also produced by the action of acids
on certain sugars and carbohydrates; -- called also {humic
acid}, {ulmin}, {gein}, {ulmic} or {geic acid}, etc.
Humiri \Hu*mi"ri\, n. [From native name.] (Bot.)
A fragrant balsam obtained from Brazilian trees of the genus
{Humirium}.
Humite \Hum"ite\, n. [Named after Sir A. Hume.] (Min.)
A mineral of a transparent vitreous brown color, found in the
ejected masses of Vesuvius. It is a silicate of iron and
magnesia, containing fluorine.
Hummel \Hum"mel\, v. t. [Cf. {Hamble}.]
To separate from the awns; -- said of barley. [Scot.]
Hummel \Hum"mel\, a.
Having no awns or no horns; as, hummelcorn; a hummel cow.
[Scot.]
Hummeler \Hum"mel*er\, n. [Written also hummeller.]
One who, or a machine which, hummels.
Hummer \Hum"mer\, n.
1. One who, or that which, hums; one who applauds by humming.
--Ainsworth.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A humming bird.
Humming \Hum"ming\, a.
Emitting a murmuring sound; droning; murmuring; buzzing.
Humming \Hum"ming\, n.
A sound like that made by bees; a low, murmuring sound; a
hum.
{Hummingale}, lively or strong ale. --Dryden.
{Humming bird} (Zo["o]l.), any bird of the family
{Trochilid[ae]}, of which over one hundred genera are
known, including about four hundred species. They are
found only in America and are most abundant in the
tropics. They are mostly of very small size, and are not
for their very brilliant colors and peculiar habit of
hovering about flowers while vibrating their wings very
rapidly with a humming noise. They feed both upon the
nectar of flowers and upon small insects. The common
humming bird or ruby-throat of the Eastern United States
is {Trochilus culubris}. Several other species are found
in the Western United States. See {Calliope}, and
{Ruby-throat}.
{Humming-bird moth} (Zo["o]l.), a hawk moth. See {Hawk moth},
under {Hawk}, the bird.
Hummock \Hum"mock\, n. [Prob. a dim. of hump. See {Hump}.]
1. A rounded knoll or hillock; a rise of ground of no great
extent, above a level surface.
2. A ridge or pile of ice on an ice field.
3. Timbered land. See {Hammock}. [Southern U.S.]
Hummocking \Hum"mock*ing\, n.
The process of forming hummocks in the collision of Arctic
ice. --Kane.
Hummocky \Hum"mock*y\, a.
Abounding in hummocks.
Hummum \Hum"mum\, n. [Per. or Ar. hamm[=a]n.]
A sweating bath or place for sweating. --Sir T. Herbert.
Humor \Hu"mor\, n. [OE. humour, OF. humor, umor, F. humeur, L.
humor, umor, moisture, fluid, fr. humere, umere, to be moist.
See {Humid}.] [Written also {humour}.]
1. Moisture, especially, the moisture or fluid of animal
bodies, as the chyle, lymph, etc.; as, the humors of the
eye, etc.
Note: The ancient physicians believed that there were four
humors (the blood, phlegm, yellow bile or choler, and
black bile or melancholy), on the relative proportion
of which the temperament and health depended.
2. (Med.) A vitiated or morbid animal fluid, such as often
causes an eruption on the skin. ``A body full of humors.''
--Sir W. Temple.
3. State of mind, whether habitual or temporary (as formerly
supposed to depend on the character or combination of the
fluids of the body); disposition; temper; mood; as, good
humor; ill humor.
Examine how your humor is inclined, And which the
ruling passion of your mind. --Roscommon.
A prince of a pleasant humor. --Bacon.
I like not the humor of lying. --Shak.
4. pl. Changing and uncertain states of mind; caprices;
freaks; vagaries; whims.
Is my friend all perfection, all virtue and
discretion? Has he not humors to be endured?
--South.
5. That quality of the imagination which gives to ideas an
incongruous or fantastic turn, and tends to excite
laughter or mirth by ludicrous images or representations;
a playful fancy; facetiousness.
For thy sake I admit That a Scot may have humor, I'd
almost said wit. --Goldsmith.
A great deal of excellent humor was expended on the
perplexities of mine host. --W. Irving.
{Aqueous humor}, {Crystalline humor} or {lens}, {Vitreous
humor}. (Anat.) See {Eye}.
{Out of humor}, dissatisfied; displeased; in an unpleasant
frame of mind.
Syn: Wit; satire; pleasantry; temper; disposition; mood;
frame; whim; fancy; caprice. See {Wit}.
Humor \Hu"mor\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Humored}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Humoring}.]
1. To comply with the humor of; to adjust matters so as suit
the peculiarities, caprices, or exigencies of; to adapt
one's self to; to indulge by skillful adaptation; as, to
humor the mind.
It is my part to invent, and the musician's to humor
that invention. --Dryden.
2. To help on by indulgence or compliant treatment; to
soothe; to gratify; to please.
You humor me when I am sick. --Pope.
Syn: To gratify; to indulge. See {Gratify}.
Humoral \Hu"mor*al\, a. [Cf. F. humoral.]
Pertaining to, or proceeding from, the humors; as, a humoral
fever.
{Humoral pathology} (Med.), the pathology, or doctrine of the
nature of diseases, which attributes all morbid phenomena
to the disordered condition of the fluids or humors of the
body.
Humoralism \Hu"mor*al*ism\, n.
1. (Med.) The state or quality of being humoral.
2. (Med.) The doctrine that diseases proceed from the humors;
humorism. [Obs.]
Humoralist \Hu"mor*al*ist\, n.
One who favors the humoral pathology or believes in
humoralism.
Humorism \Hu"mor*ism\, n.
1. (Med.) The theory founded on the influence which the
humors were supposed to have in the production of disease;
Galenism. --Dunglison.
2. The manner or disposition of a humorist; humorousness.
--Coleridge.
Humorist \Hu"mor*ist\, n. [Cf. F. humoriste.]
1. (Med.) One who attributes diseases of the state of the
humors.
2. One who has some peculiarity or eccentricity of character,
which he indulges in odd or whimsical ways.
He [Roger de Coverley] . . . was a great humorist in
all parts of his life. --Addison.
3. One who displays humor in speaking or writing; one who has
a facetious fancy or genius; a wag; a droll.
The reputation of wits and humorists. --Addison.
Humoristic \Hu`mor*is"tic\, a.
Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a humorist.
Humorize \Hu"mor*ize\, v. t.
To humor. --Marston.
Humorless \Hu"mor*less\, a.
Destitute of humor.
Humorous \Hu"mor*ous\, a. [Cf. L. humorosus, umorosus, moist.
See {Humor}.]
1. Moist; humid; watery. [Obs.]
All founts wells, all deeps humorous. --Chapman.
2. Subject to be governed by humor or caprice; irregular;
capricious; whimsical. --Hawthorne.
Rough as a storm and humorous as the wind. --Dryden.
3. Full of humor; jocular; exciting laughter; playful; as, a
humorous story or author; a humorous aspect.
Syn: Jocose; facetious; witty; pleasant; merry.
Humorously \Hu"mor*ous*ly\, adv.
1. Capriciously; whimsically.
We resolve rashly, sillily, or humorously. --Calamy.
2. Facetiously; wittily.
Humorousness \Hu"mor*ous*ness\, n.
1. Moodiness; capriciousness.
2. Facetiousness; jocularity.
Humorsome \Hu"mor*some\, a.
1. Moody; whimsical; capricious. --Hawthorne.
The commons do not abet humorsome, factious arms.
--Burke.
2. Jocose; witty; humorous. --Swift.
Humorsomely \Hu"mor*some*ly\, adv.
Pleasantly; humorously.
Humorsomeness \Hu"mor*some*ness\, n.
Quality of being humorsome.
Hump \Hump\, n. [Cf. D. homp a lump, LG. hump heap, hill, stump,
possibly akin to E. heap. Cf. {Hunch}.]
1. A protuberance; especially, the protuberance formed by a
crooked back.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A fleshy protuberance on the back of an animal,
as a camel or whale.
Humpback \Hump"back`\, n. [Cf. {Hunchback}.]
1. A crooked back; a humped back. --Tatler.
2. A humpbacked person; a hunchback.
3. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) Any whale of the genus {Megaptera}, characterized by a
hump or bunch on the back. Several species are known.
The most common ones in the North Atlantic are
{Megaptera longimana} of Europe, and {M. osphyia} of
America; that of the California coasts is {M.
versabilis}.
(b) A small salmon ({Oncorhynchus gorbuscha}), of the
northwest coast of America.
Humpbacked \Hump"backed`\, a.
Having a humped back.
Humped \Humped\, a.
Having a hump, as the back.
Humph \Humph\, interj. [Of imitative origin.]
An exclamation denoting surprise, or contempt, doubt, etc.
Humpless \Hump"less\, a.
Without a hump. --Darwin.
Hump-shouldered \Hump"-shoul`dered\, a.
Having high, hunched shoulders. --Hawthorne.
Humpy \Hump"y\, a.
Full of humps or bunches; covered with protuberances; humped.
Humstrum \Hum"strum`\, n.
An instrument out of tune or rudely constructed; music badly
played.
Humulin \Hu"mu*lin\, n. [NL. Humulus, the genus including the
hop.]
An extract of hops.
Humus \Hu"mus\, n. [L., the earth, ground, soil.]
That portion of the soil formed by the decomposition of
animal or vegetable matter. It is a valuable constituent of
soils. --Graham.
Hun \Hun\, n. [L. Hunni, also Chunni, and Chuni; cf. AS. H?nas,
H?ne, OHG. H?ni, G. Hunnen.]
One of a warlike nomadic people of Northern Asia who, in the
5th century, under Atilla, invaded and conquered a great part
of Europe.
Hunch \Hunch\, n. [Perh. akin to huckle; cf. hump, hunch, bunch,
hunk.]
1. A hump; a protuberance.
2. A lump; a thick piece; as, a hunch of bread.
3. A push or thrust, as with the elbow.
Hunch \Hunch\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hunched}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hunching}.]
1. To push or jostle with the elbow; to push or thrust
suddenly.
2. To thrust out a hump or protuberance; to crook, as the
back. --Dryden.
Hunchback \Hunch"back`\, n. [Cf. {Humpback}.]
A back with a hunch or hump; also, a hunchbacked person.
Hunchbacked \Hunch"backed`\, a.
Having a humped back.
Hundred \Hun"dred\, n. [OE. hundred, AS. hundred a territorial
division; hund hundred + a word akin to Goth. ga-ra?jan to
count, L. ratio reckoning, account; akin to OS. hunderod,
hund, D. hondred, G. hundert, OHG. also hunt, Icel. hundra?,
Dan. hundrede, Sw. hundra, hundrade, Goth. hund, Lith.
szimtas, Russ. sto, W. cant, Ir. cead, L. centum, Gr. ?, Skr.
[,c]ata. [root]309. Cf. {Cent}, {Century}, {Hecatomb},
{Quintal}, and {Reason}.]
1. The product of ten mulitplied by ten, or the number of ten
times ten; a collection or sum, consisting of ten times
ten units or objects; five score. Also, a symbol
representing one hundred units, as 100 or C.
With many hundreds treading on his heels. --Shak.
Note: The word hundred, as well as thousand, million, etc.,
often takes a plural form. We may say hundreds, or many
hundreds, meaning individual objects or units, but with
an ordinal numeral adjective in constructions like five
hundreds, or eight hundreds, it is usually intended to
consider each hundred as a separate aggregate; as, ten
hundreds are one thousand.
2. A division of a country in England, supposed to have
originally contained a hundred families, or freemen.
{Hundred court}, a court held for all the inhabitants of a
hundred. [Eng.] --Blackstone.
Hundred \Hun"dred\, a.
Ten times ten; five score; as, a hundred dollars.
Hundreder \Hun"dred*er\, n.
1. An inhabitant or freeholder of a hundred.
2. (Law) A person competent to serve on a jury, in an action
for land in the hundred to which he belongs.
3. One who has the jurisdiction of a hundred; and sometimes,
a bailiff of a hundred. --Blount. Cowell.
Hundredfold \Hun"dred*fold`\, n.
A hundred times as much or as many.
He shall receive as hundredfold now in this time.
--Mark x. 30.
Hundredth \Hun"dredth\, a.
1. Coming last of a hundred successive individuals or units.
2. Forming one of a hundred equal parts into which anything
is divided; the tenth of a tenth.
Hundredth \Hun"dredth\, n.
One of a hundred equal parts into which one whole is, or may
be, divided; the quotient of a unit divided by a hundred.
Hundredweight \Hun"dred*weight`\, n.
A denomination of weight, containing 100, 112, or 120 pounds
avoirdupois, according to differing laws or customs. By the
legal standard of England it is 112 pounds. In most of the
United States, both in practice and by law, it is 100 pounds
avoirdupois, the corresponding ton of 2,000 pounds, sometimes
called the short ton, being the legal ton.
Hung \Hung\,
imp. & p. p. of {Hang}.
{Hung beef}, the fleshy part of beef slightly salted and hung
up to dry; dried beef.
Hungarian \Hun*ga"ri*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to Hungary or to the people of Hungary. --
n. A native or one of the people of Hungary.
{Hungarian grass}. See {Italian millet}, under {Millet}.
Hungary \Hun"ga*ry\, n.
A country in Central Europe, now a part of the
Austro-Hungarian Empire.
{Hungary water}, a distilled ``water,'' made from dilute
alcohol aromatized with rosemary flowers, etc.
Hunger \Hun"ger\, n. [AS. hungor; akin to OFries. hunger, D.
honger, OS. & OHG. hungar, G. hunger, Icel. hungr, Sw. & Dan.
hunger, Goth. h?hrus hunger, huggrjan to hunger.]
1. An uneasy sensation occasioned normally by the want of
food; a craving or desire for food.
Note: The sensation of hunger is usually referred to the
stomach, but is probably dependent on excitation of the
sensory nerves, both of the stomach and intestines, and
perhaps also on indirect impressions from other organs,
more or less exhausted from lack of nutriment.
2. Any strong eager desire.
O sacred hunger of ambitious minds! --Spenser.
For hunger of my gold I die. --Dryden.
Hunger \Hun"ger\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hungered}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hungering}.] [OE. hungren, AS. hyngrian. See {Hunger},
n.]
1. To feel the craving or uneasiness occasioned by want of
food; to be oppressed by hunger.
2. To have an eager desire; to long.
Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after
righteouness. --Matt. v. 6.
Hunger \Hun"ger\, v. t.
To make hungry; to famish.
Hunger-bit \Hun"ger-bit`\, Hunger-bitten \Hun"ger-bit`ten\, a.
Pinched or weakened by hunger. [Obs.] --Milton.
Hungered \Hun"gered\, a.
Hungry; pinched for food. [Obs.] --Milton.
Hungerer \Hun"ger*er\, n.
One who hungers; one who longs. --Lamb.
Hungerly \Hun"ger*ly\, a.
Wanting food; starved. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hungerly \Hun"ger*ly\, adv.
With keen appetite. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hunger-starve \Hun"ger-starve`\, v. t.
To starve with hunger; to famish. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hungred \Hun"gred\, a.
Hungered; hungry. [Archaic]
Hungrily \Hun"gri*ly\, adv. [From {Hunger}.]
In a hungry manner; voraciously. --Dryden.
Hungry \Hun"gry\, a. [Compar. {Hungrier}; superl. {Hungriest}.]
[AS. hungrid. See {Hunger}.]
1. Feeling hunger; having a keen appetite; feeling uneasiness
or distress from want of food; hence, having an eager
desire.
2. Showing hunger or a craving desire; voracious.
The cruel, hungry foam. --C. Kingsley.
Cassius has a lean and hungry look. --Shak.
3. Not rich or fertile; poor; barren; starved; as, a hungry
soil. ``The hungry beach.'' --Shak.
Hunk \Hunk\, n. [Cf. {Hunch}.]
A large lump or piece; a hunch; as, a hunk of bread.
[Colloq.]
Hunker \Hun"ker\, n.
Originally, a nickname for a member of the conservative
section of the Democratic party in New York; hence, one
opposed to progress in general; a fogy. [Political Cant,
U.S.]
Hunkerism \Hun"ker*ism\, n.
Excessive conservatism; hostility to progress. [Political
Cant, U.S.]
Hunks \Hunks\, n. [Etymol. uncertain.]
A covetous, sordid man; a miser; a niggard.
Pray make your bargain with all the prudence and
selfishness of an old hunks. --Gray.
Hunt \Hunt\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hunted}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hunting}.] [AS. huntian to hunt; cf. hentan to follow,
pursue, Goth. hin?an (in comp.) to seize. [root]36. Cf.
{Hent}.]
1. To search for or follow after, as game or wild animals; to
chase; to pursue for the purpose of catching or killing;
to follow with dogs or guns for sport or exercise; as, to
hunt a deer.
Like a dog, he hunts in dreams. --Tennyson.
2. To search diligently after; to seek; to pursue; to follow;
-- often with out or up; as, to hunt up the facts; to hunt
out evidence.
Evil shall hunt the violent man to overthrow him.
--Ps. cxl. 11.
3. To drive; to chase; -- with down, from, away, etc.; as, to
hunt down a criminal; he was hunted from the parish.
4. To use or manage in the chase, as hounds.
He hunts a pack of dogs. --Addison.
5. To use or traverse in pursuit of game; as, he hunts the
woods, or the country.
Hunt \Hunt\, v. i.
1. To follow the chase; to go out in pursuit of game; to
course with hounds.
Esau went to the field to hunt for venison. --Gen.
xxvii. 5.
2. To seek; to pursue; to search; -- with for or after.
He after honor hunts, I after love. --Shak.
{To hunt counter}, to trace the scent backward in hunting, as
a hound to go back on one's steps. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hunt \Hunt\, n.
1. The act or practice of chasing wild animals; chase;
pursuit; search.
The hunt is up; the morn is bright and gray. --Shak.
2. The game secured in the hunt. [Obs.] --Shak.
3. A pack of hounds. [Obs.]
4. An association of huntsmen.
5. A district of country hunted over.
Every landowner within the hunt. --London
Field.
Hunt-counter \Hunt"-count`er\, n.
A worthless dog that runs back on the scent; a blunderer.
[Obs.] --Shak.
Hunte \Hunt"e\, n. [AS. hunta.]
A hunter. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hunter \Hunt"er\, n.
1. One who hunts wild animals either for sport or for food; a
huntsman.
2. A dog that scents game, or is trained to the chase; a
hunting dog. --Shak.
3. A horse used in the chase; especially, a thoroughbred,
bred and trained for hunting.
4. One who hunts or seeks after anything, as if for game; as,
a fortune hunter a place hunter.
No keener hunter after glory breathes. --Tennyson.
5. (Zo["o]l.) A kind of spider. See {Hunting spider}, under
{Hunting}.
6. A hunting watch, or one of which the crystal is protected
by a metallic cover.
{Hunter's room}, the lunation after the harvest moon.
{Hunter's screw} (Mech.), a differential screw, so named from
the inventor. See under {Differential}.
Hunterian \Hun*te"ri*an\, a.
Discovered or described by John Hunter, an English surgeon;
as, the Hunterian chancre. See {Chancre}.
Hunting \Hunt"ing\, n.
The pursuit of game or of wild animals. --A. Smith.
{Happy hunting grounds}, the region to which, according to
the belief of American Indians, the souls of warriors and
hunters pass after death, to be happy in hunting and
feasting. --Tylor.
{Hunting box}. Same As {Hunting lodge} (below).
{Hunting cat} (Zo["o]l.), the cheetah.
{Hunting cog} (Mach.), a tooth in the larger of two geared
wheels which makes its number of teeth prime to the number
in the smaller wheel, thus preventing the frequent meeting
of the same pairs of teeth.
{Hunting dog} (Zo["o]l.), the hyena dog.
{Hunting ground}, a region or district abounding in game;
esp. (pl.), the regions roamed over by the North American
Indians in search of game.
{Hunting horn}, a bulge; a horn used in the chase. See
{Horn}, and {Bulge}.
{Hunting leopard} (Zo["o]l.), the cheetah.
{Hunting lodge}, a temporary residence for the purpose of
hunting.
{Hunting seat}, a hunting lodge. --Gray.
{Hunting shirt}, a coarse shirt for hunting, often of
leather.
{Hunting spider} (Zo["o]l.), a spider which hunts its prey,
instead of catching it in a web; a wolf spider.
{Hunting watch}. See {Hunter}, 6.
Huntress \Hunt"ress\, n.
A woman who hunts or follows the chase; as, the huntress
Diana. --Shak.
Huntsman \Hunts"man\, n.; pl. {Huntsmen}.
1. One who hunts, or who practices hunting.
2. The person whose office it is to manage the chase or to
look after the hounds. --L'Estrange.
{Huntsman's cup} (Bot.), the sidesaddle flower, or common
American pitcher plant ({Sarracenia purpurea}).
Huntsmanship \Hunts"man*ship\, n.
The art or practice of hunting, or the qualification of a
hunter. --Donne.
Hunt's-up \Hunt's"-up`\, n.
A tune played on the horn very early in the morning to call
out the hunters; hence, any arousing sound or call. [Obs.]
--Shak.
Time plays the hunt's-up to thy sleepy head. --Drayton.
Hurden \Hur"den\, n. [From {Hurds}.]
A coarse kind of linen; -- called also {harden}. [Prov. Eng.]
Hurdle \Hur"dle\, n. [OE. hurdel, hirdel, AS. hyrdel; akin to D.
horde, OHG. hurt, G. h["u]rde a hurdle, fold, pen, Icel. hur?
door, Goth. ha['u]rds, L. cratis wickerwork, hurdle, Gr. ?,
Skr. k?t to spin, c?t to bind, connect. [root]16. Cf.
{Crate}, {Grate}, n.]
1. A movable frame of wattled twigs, osiers, or withes and
stakes, or sometimes of iron, used for inclosing land, for
folding sheep and cattle, for gates, etc.; also, in
fortification, used as revetments, and for other purposes.
2. In England, a sled or crate on which criminals were
formerly drawn to the place of execution. --Bacon.
3. An artificial barrier, variously constructed, over which
men or horses leap in a race.
{Hurdle race}, a race in which artificial barriers in the
form of hurdles, fences, etc., must be leaped.
Hurdle \Hur"dle\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hurdleed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hurdleing}.]
To hedge, cover, make, or inclose with hurdles. --Milton.
Hurdlework \Hur"dle*work`\, n.
Work after manner of a hurdle.
Hurds \Hurds\, n. [See {Hards}.]
The coarse part of flax or hemp; hards.
Hurdy-gurdy \Hur"dy-gur`dy\, n. [Prob. of imitative origin.]
1. A stringled instrument, lutelike in shape, in which the
sound is produced by the friction of a wheel turned by a
crank at the end, instead of by a bow, two of the strings
being tuned as drones, while two or more, tuned in unison,
are modulated by keys.
2. In California, a water wheel with radial buckets, driven
by the impact of a jet.
Hurkaru \Hur*ka"ru\, n. [Hind. hark[=a]ra]
In India, a running footman; a messenger. [Written also
{hurkaroo}.]
Hurl \Hurl\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hurled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hurling}.] [OE. hurlen, hourlen; prob. contracted fr. OE.
hurtlen to hurtle, or probably akin to E. whirl. [root]16.
See {Hurtle}.]
1. To send whirling or whizzing through the air; to throw
with violence; to drive with great force; as, to hurl a
stone or lance.
And hurl'd them headlong to their fleet and main.
--Pope.
2. To emit or utter with vehemence or impetuosity; as, to
hurl charges or invective. --Spenser.
3. [Cf. {Whirl}.] To twist or turn. ``Hurled or crooked
feet.'' [Obs.] --Fuller.
Hurl \Hurl\, v. i.
1. To hurl one's self; to go quickly. [R.]
2. To perform the act of hurling something; to throw
something (at another).
God shall hurl at him and not spare. --Job xxvii.
22 (Rev. Ver.
).
3. To play the game of hurling. See {Hurling}.
Hurl \Hurl\, n.
1. The act of hurling or throwing with violence; a cast; a
fling. --Congreve.
2. Tumult; riot; hurly-burly. [Obs.] --Knolles.
3. (Hat Manuf.) A table on which fiber is stirred and mixed
by beating with a bowspring.
Hurlbat \Hurl"bat`\, n.
See {Whirlbat}. [Obs.] --Holland.
Hurlbone \Hurl"bone`\, n.
1. See {Whirlbone}.
2. (Far.) A bone near the middle of the buttock of a horse.
--Crabb.
Hurler \Hurl"er\, n.
One who hurls, or plays at hurling.
Hurling \Hurl"ing\, n.
1. The act of throwing with force.
2. A kind of game at ball, formerly played.
Hurling taketh its denomination from throwing the
ball. --Carew.
Hurlwind \Hurl"wind`\, n.
A whirlwind. [Obs.] --Sandys.
Hurly \Hur"ly\, n. [Cf. F. hurler to howl.]
Noise; confusion; uproar.
That, with the hurly, death itself awakes. --Shak.
Hurly-burly \Hur"ly-bur`ly\, n. [Reduplicated fr. OE. hurly
confusion: cf. F. hurler to howl, yell, L. ululare; or cf. E.
hurry.]
Tumult; bustle; confusion. --Shak.
All places were filled with tumult and hurly-burly.
--Knolles.
Huronian \Hu*ro"ni*an\, a. [Named from Lake Huron.] (Geol.)
Of or pertaining to certain non-fossiliferous rocks on the
borders of Lake Huron, which are supposed to correspond in
time to the latter part of the Arch[ae]an age.
Huron-Iroquous \Hu"ron-Ir`o*quous"\, n. (Ethnol.)
A linguistic group of warlike North American Indians,
belonging to the same stock as the Algonquins, and including
several tribes, among which were the Five Nations. They
formerly occupied the region about Lakes Erie and Ontario,
and the larger part of New York.
Hurons \Hu"rons\, n. pl.
; sing. {Huron}. (Ethnol.) A powerful and warlike tribe of
North American Indians of the Algonquin stock. They formerly
occupied the country between Lakes Huron, Erie, and Ontario,
but were nearly exterminated by the Five Nations about 1650.
Hurr \Hurr\, v. i. [See {Hurry}.]
To make a rolling or burring sound. [Obs.]
R is the dog's letter, and hurreth in the sound. --B.
Jonson.
Hurrah \Hur*rah"\ Hurra \Hur*ra"\, interj. [Cf. G., Dan., & Sw.
hurra. Cf. {Huzza}.]
A word used as a shout of joy, triumph, applause,
encouragement, or welcome.
Hurrah! hurrah! for Ivry and Henry of Navarre.
--Macaulay.
Hurrah \Hur*rah"\, n.
A cheer; a shout of joy, etc.
{Hurrah's nest}, state of utmost confusion. [Colloq. U.S.]
A perfect hurrah's nest in our kitchen. --Mrs.
Stowe.
Hurrah \Hur*rah"\, v. i.
To utter hurrahs; to huzza.
Hurrah \Hur*rah"\, v. t.
To salute, or applaud, with hurrahs.
Hurricane \Hur"ri*cane\, n. [Sp. hurracan; orig. a Carib word
signifying, a high wind.]
A violent storm, characterized by extreme fury and sudden
changes of the wind, and generally accompanied by rain,
thunder, and lightning; -- especially prevalent in the East
and West Indies. Also used figuratively.
Like the smoke in a hurricane whirl'd. --Tennyson.
Each guilty thought to me is A dreadful hurricane.
--Massinger.
{Hurricane bird} (Zo["o]l.), the frigate bird.
{Hurricane deck}. (Naut.) See under {Deck}.
Hurricano \Hur`ri*ca"no\, n.; pl. {Hurricanoes}.
A waterspout; a hurricane. [Obs.] --Drayton. ``You cataracts
and hurricanoes, spout.'' --Shak.
Hurried \Hur"ried\, a.
1. Urged on; hastened; going or working at speed; as, a
hurried writer; a hurried life.
2. Done in a hurry; hence, imperfect; careless; as, a hurried
job. ``A hurried meeting.'' --Milton. -- {Hur"ried*ly},
adv. -- {Hur"ried*ness}, n.
Hurrier \Hur"ri*er\, n.
One who hurries or urges.
Hurries \Hur"ries\, n.
A staith or framework from which coal is discharged from cars
into vessels.
Hurry \Hur"ry\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hurried}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hurrying}.] [OE. horien; cf. OSw. hurra to whirl round,
dial. Sw. hurr great haste, Dan. hurre to buzz, Icel. hurr
hurly-burly, MHG. hurren to hurry, and E. hurr, whir to
hurry; all prob. of imitative origin.]
1. To hasten; to impel to greater speed; to urge on.
Impetuous lust hurries him on. --South.
They hurried him abroad a bark. --Shak.
2. To impel to precipitate or thoughtless action; to urge to
confused or irregular activity.
And wild amazement hurries up and down The little
number of your doubtful friends. --Shak.
3. To cause to be done quickly.
Syn: To hasten; precipitate; expedite; quicken; accelerate;
urge.
Hurry \Hur"ry\, v. i.
To move or act with haste; to proceed with celerity or
precipitation; as, let us hurry.
{To hurry up}, to make haste. [Colloq.]
Hurry \Hur"ry\, n.
The act of hurrying in motion or business; pressure; urgency;
bustle; confusion.
Ambition raises a tumult in the soul, it inflames the
mind, and puts into a violent hurry of thought.
--Addison.
Syn: Haste; speed; dispatch. See {Haste}.
Hurryingly \Hur"ry*ing*ly\, adv.
In a hurrying manner.
Hurry-skurry \Hur"ry-skur`ry\, adv. [An imitative word; cf. Sw.
skorra to rattle, snarl, E. scurry.]
Confusedly; in a bustle. [Obs.] --Gray.
Hurst \Hurst\, n. [OE. hurst, AS. hyrst; akin to OHG. hurst,
horst, wood, thicket, G. horst the nest of a bird of prey, an
eyerie, thicket.]
A wood or grove; -- a word used in the composition of many
names, as in Hazlehurst.
Hurt \Hurt\, n. (Mach.)
(a) A band on a trip-hammer helve, bearing the trunnions.
(b) A husk. See {Husk}, 2.
Hurt \Hurt\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hurt}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hurting}.] [OE. hurten, hirten, horten, herten; prob. fr.
OF. hurter, heurter, to knock, thrust, strike, F. heurter;
cf. W. hyrddu to push, drive, assault, hwrdd a stroke, blow,
push; also, a ram, the orig. sense of the verb thus perhaps
being, to butt as a ram; cf. D. horten to push, strike, MHG.
hurten, both prob. fr. Old French.]
1. To cause physical pain to; to do bodily harm to; to wound
or bruise painfully.
The hurt lion groans within his den. --Dryden.
2. To impar the value, usefulness, beauty, or pleasure of; to
damage; to injure; to harm.
Virtue may be assailed, but never hurt. --Milton.
3. To wound the feelings of; to cause mental pain to; to
offend in honor or self-respect; to annoy; to grieve. ``I
am angry and hurt.'' --Thackeray.
Hurter \Hurt"er\, n.
1. A bodily injury causing pain; a wound, bruise, or the
like.
The pains of sickness and hurts . . . all men feel.
--Locke.
2. An injury causing pain of mind or conscience; a slight; a
stain; as of sin.
But the jingling of the guinea helps the hurt that
Honor feels. --Tennyson.
3. Injury; damage; detriment; harm; mischief.
Thou dost me yet but little hurt. --Shak.
Syn: Wound; bruise; injury; harm; damage; loss; detriment;
mischief; bane; disadvantage.
Hurter \Hurt"er\, n.
One who hurts or does harm.
I shall not be a hurter, if no helper. --Beau. & Fl.
Hurter \Hurt"er\, n. [F. heurtoir, lit., a striker. See {Hurt},
v. t.]
A butting piece; a strengthening piece, esp.: (Mil.) A piece
of wood at the lower end of a platform, designed to prevent
the wheels of gun carriages from injuring the parapet.
Hurtful \Hurt"ful\, a.
Tending to impair or damage; injurious; mischievous;
occasioning loss or injury; as, hurtful words or conduct.
Syn: Pernicious; harmful; baneful; prejudicial; detrimental;
disadvantageous; mischievous; injurious; noxious;
unwholesome; destructive. -- {Hurt"ful*ly}, adv. --
{Hurt"ful*ness}, n.
Hurtle \Hur"tle\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Hurtled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hurtling}.] [OE. hurtlen, freq. of hurten. See {Hurt}, v.
t., and cf. {Hurl}.]
1. To meet with violence or shock; to clash; to jostle.
Together hurtled both their steeds. --Fairfax.
2. To move rapidly; to wheel or rush suddenly or with
violence; to whirl round rapidly; to skirmish.
Now hurtling round, advantage for to take.
--Spenser.
Down the hurtling cataract of the ages. --R. L.
Stevenson.
3. To make a threatening sound, like the clash of arms; to
make a sound as of confused clashing or confusion; to
resound.
The noise of battle hurtled in the air. --Shak.
The earthquake sound Hurtling 'death the solid
ground. --Mrs.
Browning.
Hurtle \Hur"tle\, v. t.
1. To move with violence or impetuosity; to whirl; to
brandish. [Obs.]
His harmful club he gan to hurtle high. --Spenser.
2. To push; to jostle; to hurl.
And he hurtleth with his horse adown. --Chaucer.
Hurtleberry \Hur"tle*ber`ry\, n. [Cf. {Huckleberry},
{Whortleberry}.]
See {Whortleberry}.
Hurtless \Hurt"less\, a.
Doing no injury; harmless; also, unhurt; without injury or
harm.
Gentle dame so hurtless and so true. --Spenser.
-- {Hurt"less*ly}, adv. -- {Hurt"less*ness}, n.
Husband \Hus"band\, n. [OE. hosebonde, husbonde, a husband, the
master of the house or family, AS. h?sbonda master of the
house; h?s house + bunda, bonda, householder, husband; prob.
fr. Icel. h?sb[=o]ndi house master, husband; h?s house +
b?andi dwelling, inhabiting, p. pr. of b?a to dwell; akin to
AS. b?an, Goth. bauan. See {House Be}, and cf. {Bond} a
slave, {Boor}.]
1. The male head of a household; one who orders the economy
of a family. [Obs.]
2. A cultivator; a tiller; a husbandman. [Obs.] --Shak.
The painful husband, plowing up his ground.
--Hakewill.
He is the neatest husband for curious ordering his
domestic and field accommodations. --Evelyn.
3. One who manages or directs with prudence and economy; a
frugal person; an economist. [R.]
God knows how little time is left me, and may I be a
good husband, to improve the short remnant left me.
--Fuller.
4. A married man; a man who has a wife; -- the correlative to
wife.
The husband and wife are one person in law.
--Blackstone.
5. The male of a pair of animals. [R.] --Dryden.
{A ship's husband} (Naut.), an agent representing the owners
of a ship, who manages its expenses and receipts.
Husband \Hus"band\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Husbanded}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Husbanding}.]
1. To direct and manage with frugality; to use or employ to
good purpose and the best advantage; to spend, apply, or
use, with economy.
For my means, I'll husband them so well, They shall
go far. --Shak.
2. To cultivate, as land; to till. [R.]
Land so trim and rarely husbanded. --Evelyn.
3. To furnish with a husband. [R.] --Shak.
Husbandable \Hus"band*a*ble\, a.
Capable of being husbanded, or managed with economy.
--Sherwood.
Husbandage \Hus"band*age\, n. (Naut.)
The commission or compensation allowed to a ship's husband.
Husbandless \Hus"band*less\, a.
Destitute of a husband. --Shak.
Husbandly \Hus"band*ly\, a.
Frugal; thrifty. [R.] --Tusser.
Husbandman \Hus"band*man\, n.; pl. {Husbandmen}.
1. The master of a family. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
2. A farmer; a cultivator or tiller of the ground.
Husbandry \Hus"band*ry\, n.
1. Care of domestic affairs; economy; domestic management;
thrift.
There's husbandry in heaven; Their candles are all
out. --Shak.
2. The business of a husbandman, comprehending the various
branches of agriculture; farming.
Husbandry supplieth all things necessary for food.
--Spenser.
Hush \Hush\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hushed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hushing}.] [OE. huschen, hussen, prob. of imitative origin;
cf. LG. hussen to lull to sleep, G. husch quick, make haste,
be silent.]
1. To still; to silence; to calm; to make quiet; to repress
the noise or clamor of.
My tongue shall hush again this storm of war.
--Shak.
2. To appease; to allay; to calm; to soothe.
With thou, then, Hush my cares? --Otway.
And hush'd my deepest grief of all. --Tennyson.
{To hush up}, to procure silence concerning; to suppress; to
keep secret. ``This matter is hushed up.'' --Pope.
Hush \Hush\, v. i.
To become or to keep still or quiet; to become silent; --
esp. used in the imperative, as an exclamation; be still; be
silent or quiet; make no noise.
Hush, idle words, and thoughts of ill. --Keble.
But all these strangers' presence every one did hush.
--Spenser.
Hush \Hush\, n.
Stillness; silence; quiet. [R.] ``It is the hush of night.''
--Byron.
{Hush money}, money paid to secure silence, or to prevent the
disclosure of facts. --Swift.
Hush \Hush\, a.
Silent; quiet. ``Hush as death.'' --Shak.
Husher \Hush"er\, n.
An usher. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hushing \Hush"ing\, n. (Mining)
The process of washing ore, or of uncovering mineral veins,
by a heavy discharge of water from a reservoir; flushing; --
also called booming.
Husk \Husk\, n. [Prob. for hulsk, and from the same root as hull
a husk. See {Hull} a husk.]
1. The external covering or envelope of certain fruits or
seeds; glume; hull; rind; in the United States, especially
applied to the covering of the ears of maize.
2. The supporting frame of a run of millstones.
{Husks of the prodigal son} (Bot.), the pods of the carob
tree. See {Carob}.
Husk \Husk\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Husked}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Husking}.]
To strip off the external covering or envelope of; as, to
husk Indian corn.
Husked \Husked\, a.
1. Covered with a husk.
2. Stripped of husks; deprived of husks.
Huskily \Hus"ki*ly\, adv. [From {Husky}.]
In a husky manner; dryly.
Huskiness \Hus"ki*ness\, n.
1. The state of being husky.
2. Roughness of sound; harshness; hoarseness; as, huskiness
of voice. --G. Eliot.
Husking \Husk"ing\, n.
1. The act or process of stripping off husks, as from Indian
corn.
2. A meeting of neighbors or friends to assist in husking
maize; -- called also husking bee. [U.S.] ``A red ear in
the husking.'' --Longfellow.
Husky \Husk"y\, a. [From {Husk}, n.]
Abounding with husks; consisting of husks. --Dryden.
Husky \Hus"ky\, a. [Prob. for husty; cf. OE. host cough, AS.
hw[=o]sta; akin to D. hoest, G. husten, OHG. huosto, Icel.
h[=o]sti. See {Wheeze}.]
Rough in tone; harsh; hoarse; raucous; as, a husky voice.
Huso \Hu"so\, n. [NL., fr. G. hausen, and E. isin?glass.]
(Zo["o]l.)
(a) A large European sturgeon ({Acipenser huso}), inhabiting
the region of the Black and Caspian Seas. It sometimes
attains a length of more than twelve feet, and a weight
of two thousand pounds. Called also {hausen}.
(b) The huchen, a large salmon.
Hussar \Hus*sar"\, n. [Hung. husz['a]r, from husz twenty,
because under King Matthais I., in the fifteenth century,
every twenty houses were to furnish one horse soldier; cf. G.
husar, F. houssard, hussard, from the same source.] (Mil.)
Originally, one of the national cavalry of Hungary and
Croatia; now, one of the light cavalry of European armies.
Hussite \Huss"ite\, n. (Eccl. Hist.)
A follower of John Huss, the Bohemian reformer, who was
adjudged a heretic and burnt alive in 1415.
Hussy \Hus"sy\, n. [Contr. fr. huswife.]
1. A housewife or housekeeper. [Obs.]
2. A worthless woman or girl; a forward wench; a jade; --
used as a term of contempt or reproach. --Grew.
3. A pert girl; a frolicsome or sportive young woman; -- used
jocosely. --Goldsmith.
Hussy \Hus"sy\, n. [From Icel. h?si a case, prob. fr. h?s house.
See {House}, and cf. {Housewife} a bag, {Huswife} a bag.]
A case or bag. See {Housewife}, 2.
Hustings \Hus"tings\, n. pl. [OE. husting an assembly, coucil,
AS. h?sting; of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. h?s?ing; h?s home +
?ing thing, assembly, meeting; akin to Dan. & Sw. ting, E.
thing. See {House}, and {Thing}.]
1. A court formerly held in several cities of England;
specif., a court held in London, before the lord mayor,
recorder, and sheriffs, to determine certain classes of
suits for the recovery of lands within the city. In the
progress of law reform this court has become unimportant.
--Mozley & W.
2. Any one of the temporary courts held for the election of
members of the British Parliament.
3. The platform on which candidates for Parliament formerly
stood in addressing the electors. [Eng.]
When the rotten hustings shake In another month to
his brazen lies. --Tennyson.
Hustle \Hus"tle\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hustled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hustling}.] [D. hustelen to shake, fr. husten to shake. Cf.
{Hotchpotch}.]
To shake together in confusion; to push, jostle, or crowd
rudely; to handle roughly; as, to hustle a person out of a
room. --Macaulay.
Hustle \Hus"tle\, v. i.
To push or crows; to force one's way; to move hustily and
with confusion; a hurry.
Leaving the king, who had hustled along the floor with
his dress worfully arrayed. --Sir W.
Scott.
Huswife \Hus"wife\, n. [OE. huswif; hus house + wif wife. Cf.
{Hussy} a housewife, {Housewife}.] [Written also
{housewife}.]
1. A female housekeeper; a woman who manages domestic
affairs; a thirfty woman. ``The bounteous huswife
Nature.'' --Shak.
The huswife is she that do labor doth fall.
--Tusser.
2. A worthless woman; a hussy. [Obs.] --Shak.
3. [See {Hussy} a bag.] A case for sewing materials. See
{Housewife}. --Cowper.
Huswife \Hus"wife\, v. t.
To manage with frugality; -- said of a woman. --Dryden.
Huswifely \Hus"wife*ly\, a.
Like a huswife; capable; economical; prudent. -- adv. In a
huswifely manner.
Huswifery \Hus"wife*ry\, n.
The business of a housewife; female domestic economy and
skill. --Tusser.
Hut \Hut\, n. [OE. hotte; akin to D. hut, G. h["u]tte, OHG.
hutta, Dan. hytte, Sw. hydda; and F. hutte, of G. origin; all
akin to E. hide to conceal. See {Hude} to conceal.]
A small house, hivel, or cabin; a mean lodge or dwelling; a
slightly built or temporary structure.
Death comes on with equal footsteps To the hall and
hut. --Bp. Coxe.
Hutch \Hutch\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Hutted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hutting}.]
To place in huts; to live in huts; as, to hut troops in
winter quarters.
The troops hutted among the heights of Morristown. --W.
Irving.
Hutch \Hutch\, n. [OE. hucche, huche, hoche, F. huche, LL.
hutica.]
1. A chest, box, coffer, bin, coop, or the like, in which
things may be stored, or animals kept; as, a grain hutch;
a rabbit hutch.
2. A measure of two Winchester bushels.
3. (Mining) The case of a flour bolt.
4. (Mining)
(a) A car on low wheels, in which coal is drawn in the
mine and hoisted out of the pit.
(b) A jig for washing ore.
{Bolting hutch}, {Booby hutch}, etc. See under {Bolting},
etc.
Hutch \Hutch\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hutched}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hutching}.]
1. To hoard or lay up, in a chest. [R.] ``She hutched the . .
. ore.'' --Milton.
2. (Mining) To wash (ore) in a box or jig.
Hutchunsonian \Hutch`un*so"ni*an\, n.
A follower of John Hutchinson of Yorkshire, England, who
believed that the Hebrew Scriptures contained a complete
system of natural science and of theology.
Huttonian \Hut*to"ni*an\, a.
Relating to what is now called the Plutonic theory of the
earth, first advanced by Dr. James Hutton. --Lyell.
Huxter \Hux"ter\, n. & v. i.
See {Huckster}.
Huyghenian \Huy*ghe"ni*an\, a.
Pertaining to, or invented by, Christian Huyghens, a Dutch
astronomer of the seventeenth century; as, the Huyghenian
telescope.
{Huyghenian eyepiece}See under {Eyepiece}.
Huzz \Huzz\, v. i. [An onomatop[oe]a. [root]43. Cf. {Buzz}.]
To buzz; to murmur. [Obs.]
Huzzing and burring in the preacher's ear. --Latimer.
Huzza \Huz*za"\, interj. [Cf. G. hussa, husa, interj., hurrah,
huzza. [root]43. Cf. {Hurrah}.]
A word used as a shout of joy, exultation, approbation, or
encouragement.
Huzza \Huz"za\, n.
A shout of huzza; a cheer; a hurrah.
They made a great huzza or shout. --Evelyn.
Huzza \Huz*za"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Huzzaed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Huzzaing}.]
To shout huzza; to cheer.
Huzza \Huz*za"\, v. t.
To receive or attend with huzzas.
He was huzzaed into the court. --Addison.
Hy \Hy\, a.
High. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hyacine \Hy"a*cine\, n.
A hyacinth. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Hyacinth \Hy"a*cinth\, n. [L. hyacinthus a kind of flower, prob.
the iris, gladiolus, or larkspur, also a kind of gem, perh.
the sapphire; as, a proper name, Hyacinthus, a beautiful
Laconian youth, beloved by Apollo, fr. Gr. ?, ?: cf. F.
hyacinthe. Cf. {Jacinth}. The hyacinth was fabled to have
sprung from the blood of Hyacinthus, who was accidentally
slain by Apollo.]
1. (Bot.)
(a) A bulbous plant of the genus {Hyacinthus}, bearing
beautiful spikes of fragrant flowers. {H. orientalis}
is a common variety.
(b) A plant of the genus {Camassia} ({C. Farseri}), called
also {Eastern camass}; wild hyacinth.
(c) The name also given to {Scilla Peruviana}, a
Mediterranean plant, one variety of which produces
white, and another blue, flowers; -- called also, from
a mistake as to its origin, {Hyacinth of Peru}.
2. (Min.) A red variety of zircon, sometimes used as a gem.
See {Zircon}.
{Hyacinth bean} (Bot.), a climbing leguminous plant
({Dolichos Lablab}), related to the true bean. It has dark
purple flowers and fruit.
Hyacinthian \Hy`a*cin"thi*an\, a.
Hyacinthine. [R.]
Hyacinthine \Hy`a*cin"thine\, a. [L. hyacinthinus, Gr. ?.]
Belonging to the hyacinth; resemblingthe hyacinth; in color
like the hyacinth. --Milton.
His curling locks like hyacinthine flowers. --Cowper.
The hyacinthine boy, for whom Morn well might break and
April bloom. --Emerson.
Hyades \Hy"a*des\, Hyads \Hy"ads\, n.pl. [L. Hyades, Gr. ?.]
(Astron.)
A cluster of five stars in the face of the constellation
Taurus, supposed by the ancients to indicate the coming of
rainy weather when they rose with the sun.
Thro' scudding drifts the rainy Hyaned Vext the dim
sea. --Tennyson.
Hyaena \Hy*[ae]"na\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Same as {Hyena}.
Hyalea \Hy*a"le*a\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? glassy, fr. ? glass.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A pteroid of the genus {Cavolina}. See {Pteropoda}, and
Illustration in Appendix.
Hyalescence \Hy`a*les"cence\, n. [See {Hyaline}.]
The process of becoming, or the state of being, transparent
like glass.
Hyaline \Hy"a*line\, a. [L. hyalinus, Gr. ?, fr. ? glass: cf. F.
hyalin.]
Glassy; resembling glass; consisting of glass; transparent,
like crystal. ``Hyaline spaces.'' --Carpenter.
Hyaline \Hy"a*line\, n.
1. A poetic term for the sea or the atmosphere. ``The clear
hyaline, the glassy sea.'' --Milton.
Our blood runs amazed 'neath the calm hyaline.
--Mrs.
Browning.
2. (Biol.) The pellucid substance, present in cells in
process of development, from which, according to some
embryologists, the cell nucleous originates.
3. (Physiol. Chem.) The main constituent of the walls of
hydatid cysts; a nitrogenous body, which, by
decomposition, yields a dextrogyrate sugar, susceptible of
alcoholic fermentation. --Gamgee.
Hyalite \Hy"a*lite\, n. [Gr. ? glass: cf. F. hyalite.] (Min.)
A pellucid variety of opal in globules looking like colorless
gum or resin; -- called also {M["u]ller's glass}.
Hyalograph \Hy*al"o*graph\, n. [Gr. ? glass + graph.]
An instrument for tracing designs on glass.
Hyalography \Hy`a*log"ra*phy\, n.
Art of writing or engraving on glass.
Hyaloid \Hy"a*loid\, a. [Gr. ? glassy, transparent; ? glass + ?
appearance: cf. F. hyalo["i]de.] (Anat.)
Resembling glass; vitriform; transparent; hyaline; as, the
hyaloid membrane, a very delicate membrane inclosing the
vitreous humor of the eye.
Hyalonema \Hy`a*lo*ne"ma\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? glass + ? a
thread.] (Zo["o]l.)
A genus of hexactinelline sponges, having a long stem
composed of very long, slender, transparent, siliceous fibres
twisted together like the strands of a color. The stem of the
Japanese species ({H. Sieboldii}), called {glass-rope}, has
long been in use as an ornament. See {Glass-rope}.
Hyalophane \Hy*al"o*phane\, n. [Gr. ? glass + ? to appear.]
(Min.)
A species of the feldspar group containing barium. See
{Feldspar}.
Hyalospongia \Hy`a*lo*spon"gi*a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? glass +
? a sponge.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of vitreous sponges, having glassy six-rayed,
siliceous spicules; -- called also {{Hexactinellin[ae]}}.
Hyalotype \Hy*al"o*type\, n. [Gr. ? glass + -type.]
A photographic picture copied from the negative on glass; a
photographic transparency. --R. Hunt.
Hybernacle \Hy*ber"na*cle\, Hybernate \Hy"ber*nate\, Hybernation
\Hy`ber*na"tion\
See {Hibernacle}, {Hibernate}, {Hibernation}.
Hyblaean \Hy*bl[ae]"an\, a. [L. Hyblaeus.]
Pertaining to Hybla, an ancient town of Sicily, famous for
its bees.
Hybodont \Hyb"o*dont\, a. [Gr. ? hump + ?, ?, a tooth.]
(Paleon.)
Of, pertaining to, or resembling, an extinct genus of sharks
({Hybodus}), especially in the form of the teeth, which
consist of a principal median cone with smaller lateral ones.
Hybodus \Hyb"o*dus\, n. [NL. See {Hybodont}.] (Paleon.)
An extinct genus of sharks having conical, compressed teeth.
Hybrid \Hy"brid\, n. [L. hybrida, hibrida, prob. allied to Gr. ?
wantonness (as if unbridled, lawless, unnatural), perh. akin
to Gr. "ype`r over, E. over: cf. F. hybride.] (Biol.)
The offspring of the union of two distinct species; an animal
or plant produced from the mixture of two species. See
{Mongrel}.
Hybrid \Hy"brid\, a.
Produced from the mixture of two species; as, plants of
hybrid nature.
Hybridism \Hy"brid*ism\, n.
The state or quality of being hybrid.
Hybridist \Hy"brid*ist\, n.
One who hybridizes.
Hybridity \Hy*brid"i*ty\, n.
Hybridism.
Hybridizable \Hy"brid*i`za*ble\, a.
Capable of forming a hybrid, or of being subjected to a
hybridizing process; capable of producing a hybrid by union
with another species or stock.
Hybridizable genera are rarer than is generally
supposed, even in gardens where they are so often
operated upon, under circumstances most favorable to
the production of hybrids. --J. D.
Hooker.
Hybridization \Hy`brid*i*za"tion\, n.
The act of hybridizing, or the state of being hybridized.
Hybridize \Hy"brid*i`ze\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hybridized}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Hybridizing}.]
To render hybrid; to produce by mixture of stocks.
Hybridizer \Hy"brid*i`zer\, n.
One who hybridizes.
Hybridous \Hy"brid*ous\, a.
Same as {Hybrid}.
Hydage \Hyd"age\, n. (Law)
A land tax. See {Hidage}.
Hydantoic \Hy`dan*to"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, hydantoin. See {Glycoluric}.
Hydantoin \Hy*dan"to*in\, n. [Hydrogen + allantion.] (Chem.)
A derivative of urea, {C3H4N2O2}, obtained from allantion, as
a white, crystalline substance, with a sweetish taste; --
called also {glycolyl urea}.
Hydatid \Hy"da*tid\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a watery vesicle under the
upper eyelid, fr. "y`dwr, "y`datos, water: cf. F. hydatide.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A membranous sac or bladder filled with a pellucid fluid,
found in various parts of the bodies of animals, but
unconnected with the tissues. It is usually formed by
parasitic worms, esp. by larval tapeworms, as Echinococcus
and C[oe]nurus. See these words in the Vocabulary.
{Hydatid of Morgagni} (Anat.), one of the small pedunculated
bodies found between the testicle and the head of the
epididymis, and supposed to be a remnant of the
M["u]llerian duct.
Hydatiform \Hy*dat"i*form\, a. [Hydatid + -form.]
Resembling a hydatid.
Hydatoid \Hy"da*toid\, a. [Gr. "y`dwr, "y`datos, water + -oid.]
(Anat.)
Resembling water; watery; aqueous; hyaloid.
Hydr- \Hy"dr-\
See under {Hydro-}.
Hydra \Hy"dra\, n.; pl. E. {Hydras}, L. {Hydr[ae]}. [L. hydra,
Gr. "y`dra; akin to "y`dwr water. See {Otter} the animal,
{Water}.]
1. (Class. Myth.) A serpent or monster in the lake or marsh
of Lerna, in the Peloponnesus, represented as having many
heads, one of which, when cut off, was immediately
succeeded by two others, unless the wound was cauterized.
It was slain by Hercules. Hence, a terrible monster.
Gorgons, and Hydras, and Chimeras dire. --Milton.
2. Hence: A multifarious evil, or an evil having many
sources; not to be overcome by a single effort.
3. (Zo["o]l.) Any small fresh-water hydroid of the genus
{Hydra}, usually found attached to sticks, stones, etc.,
by a basal sucker.
Note: The body is a simple tube, having a mouth at one
extremity, surrounded by a circle of tentacles with
which it captures its prey. Young hydras bud out from
the sides of the older ones, but soon become detached
and are then like their parent. Hydras are remarkable
for their power of repairing injuries; for if the body
be divided in pieces, each piece will grow into a
complete hydra, to which fact the name alludes. The
zooids or hydranths of marine hydroids are sometimes
called hydras.
4. (Astron.) A southern constellation of great length lying
southerly from Cancer, Leo, and Virgo.
Hydrachnid \Hy*drach"nid\, n. [Hydr- + arachnid.] (Zo["o]l.)
An aquatic mite of the genus {Hydrachna}. The hydrachnids,
while young, are parasitic on fresh-water mussels.
Hydracid \Hy*drac"id\, n. [Hydr- + acid: cf. F. hydracide.]
(Chem.)
An acid containing hydrogen; -- sometimes applied to
distinguish acids like hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, and the
like, which contain no oxygen, from the oxygen acids or
oxacids. See {Acid}.
Hydracrylic \Hy`dra*cryl"ic\, a. [Hydr- + acrylic.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, an isomeric variety of lastic
acid that breaks down into acrylic acid and water.
Hydractinian \Hy`drac*tin"i*an\, n. [See {Hydra}, and
{Actinia}.] (Zo["o]l.)
Any species or marine hydroids, of the genus {Hydractinia}
and allied genera. These hydroids form, by their rootstalks,
a firm, chitinous coating on shells and stones, and esp. on
spiral shells occupied by hermit crabs. See Illust. of
{Athecata}.
Hydraemia \Hy*dr[ae]"mi*a\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "y`dwr water +
a"i^ma blood.] (Med.)
An abnormally watery state of the blood; an[ae]mia.
Hydragogue \Hy"dra*gogue\, a. [L. hydragogus conveying off
water, Gr. ?; "y`dwr water + ? to lead: cf. F. hydragogue.]
(Med.)
Causing a discharge of water; expelling serum effused into
any part of the body, as in dropsy. -- n. A hydragogue
medicine, usually a cathartic or diuretic.
Hydramide \Hy*dram"ide\, n. [Hydr- + -amide.] (Chem.)
One of a group of crystalline bodies produced by the action
of ammonia on certain aldehydes.
Hydramine \Hy*dram"ine\, n. [Hydroxyl + amine.] (Chem.)
One of a series of artificial, organic bases, usually
produced as thick viscous liquids by the action of ammonia on
ethylene oxide. They have the properties both of alcohol and
amines.
Hydrangea \Hy*dran"ge*a\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "y`dwr water + ?
vessel, capsule: cf. F. hydrang['e]e.] (Bot.)
A genus of shrubby plants bearing opposite leaves and large
heads of showy flowers, white, or of various colors. {H.
hortensis}, the common garden species, is a native of China
or Japan.
Hydrant \Hy"drant\, n. [Gr. ? to irrigate, fr. "y`dwr water. See
{Hydra}.]
A discharge pipe with a valve and spout at which water may be
drawn from the mains of waterworks; a water plug.
Hydranth \Hy"dranth\, n. [Hydra + Gr. ? a flower.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the nutritive zooids of a hydroid colony. Also applied
to the proboscis or manubrium of a hydroid medusa. See
Illust. of {Hydroidea}.
Hydrargochloride \Hy*drar"go*chlo"ride\, n. [Hydrargyrum +
chloride.] (Chem.)
A compound of the bichloride of mercury with another
chloride. [Obs.]
Hydrargyrate \Hy*drar"gy*rate\, a.
Of or pertaining to mercury; containing, or impregnated with,
mercury. [R.]
Hydrargyrism \Hy*drar"gy*rism\, n. (Med.)
A diseased condition produced by poisoning with hydrargyrum,
or mercury; mercurialism.
Hydrargyrum \Hy*drar"gy*rum\, n. [NL., fr. L. hydrargyrus, Gr.
?; ? water + ? silver.] (Chem.)
Quicksilver; mercury.
Hydrarthrosis \Hy`drar*thro"sis\, n. [NL. See {Hydro-}, 1, and
{Arthrosis}.] (Med.)
An effusion of watery liquid into the cavity of a joint.
Hydrastine \Hy*dras"tine\, n. (Chem.)
An alkaloid, found in the rootstock of the golden seal
({Hydrastis Canadensis}), and extracted as a bitter, white,
crystalline substance. It is used as a tonic and febrifuge.
Hydra-tainted \Hy"dra-taint`ed\, a.
Dipped in the gall of the fabulous hydra; poisonous; deadly.
--Cowper.
Hydrate \Hy"drate\, n. [Gr. "y`dwr water: cf. F. hydrate.]
(Chem.)
(a) A compound formed by the union of water with some other
substance, generally forming a neutral body, as certain
crystallized salts.
(b) A substance which does not contain water as such, but has
its constituents (hydrogen, oxygen, hydroxyl) so arranged
that water may be eliminated; hence, a derivative of, or
compound with, hydroxyl; hydroxide; as, ethyl hydrate, or
common alcohol; calcium hydrate, or slaked lime.
Hydrate \Hy"drate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hydrated}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hydrating}.]
To form into a hydrate; to combine with water.
Hydrated \Hy"dra*ted\, a.
Formed into a hydrate; combined with water.
Hydration \Hy*dra"tion\, n. (Chem.)
The act of becoming, or state of being, a hydrate.
{Water of hydration} (Chem.), water chemically combined with
some substance to form a hydrate; -- distinguished from
{water of crystallization}.
Hydraulic \Hy*drau"lic\, a. [F. hydraulique, L. hydraulicus, fr.
Gr. ?, ?, a water organ; "y`dwr water + ? flute, pipe. See
{Hydra}.]
Of or pertaining to hydraulics, or to fluids in motion;
conveying, or acting by, water; as, an hydraulic clock,
crane, or dock.
{Hydraulic accumulator}, an accumulator for hydraulic
machinery of any kind. See {Accumulator}, 2.
{Hydraulic brake}, a cataract. See {Cataract}, 3.
{Hydraulic cement}, a cement or mortar made of hydraulic
lime, which will harden under water.
{Hydraulic elevator}, a lift operated by the weight or
pressure of water.
{Hydraulic jack}. See under {Jack}.
{Hydraulic lime}, quicklime obtained from hydraulic
limestone, and used for cementing under water, etc.
{Hydraulic limestone}, a limestone which contains some clay,
and which yields a quicklime that will set, or form a
firm, strong mass, under water.
{Hydraulic main} (Gas Works), a horizontal pipe containing
water at the bottom into which the ends of the pipes from
the retorts dip, for passing the gas through water in
order to remove ammonia.
{Hydraulic mining}, a system of mining in which the force of
a jet of water is used to wash down a bank of gold-bearing
gravel or earth. [Pacific Coast]
{Hydraulic press}, a hydrostatic press. See under
{Hydrostatic}.
{Hydraulic propeller}, a device for propelling ships by means
of a stream of water ejected under water rearward from the
ship.
{Hydraulic ram}, a machine for raising water by means of the
energy of the moving water of which a portion is to be
raised. When the rush of water through the main pipe d
shuts the valve at a, the momentum of the current thus
suddenly checked forces part of it into the air chamber b,
and up the pipe c, its return being prevented by a valve
at the entrance to the air chamber, while the dropping of
the valve a by its own weight allows another rush through
the main pipe, and so on alternately.
{Hydraulic valve}. (Mach.)
(a) A valve for regulating the distribution of water in the
cylinders of hydraulic elevators, cranes, etc.
(b) (Gas Works) An inverted cup with a partition dipping into
water, for opening or closing communication between two
gas mains, the open ends of which protrude about the
water.
Hydraulical \Hy*drau"lic*al\, a.
Hydraulic.
Hydraulicon \Hy*drau"li*con\, n. [NL. See {Hydraulic}.] (Mus.)
An ancient musical instrument played by the action of water;
a water organ. [Written also {hydraulis}.]
Hydraulics \Hy*drau"lics\, n. [Cf. F. hydraulique.]
That branch of science, or of engineering, which treats of
fluids in motion, especially of water, its action in rivers
and canals, the works and machinery for conducting or raising
it, its use as a prime mover, and the like.
Note: As a science, hydraulics includes hydrodynamics, or the
principles of mechanics applicable to the motion of
water; as a branch of engineering, it consists in the
practical application of the mechanics of fluids to the
control and management of water with reference to the
wants of man, including canals, waterworks, hydraulic
machines, pumps, water wheels, etc. Some writers treat
hydraulics and hydrostatics as subdivisions of
hydrodynamics.
Hydrazine \Hy"dra*zine\, n. [Hydr- + azo- + -ine.] (Chem.)
Any one of a series of nitrogenous bases, resembling the
amines and produced by the reduction of certain nitroso and
diazo compounds; as, methyl hydrazine, phenyl hydrazine, etc.
They are derivatives of hydrazine proper, {H2N.NH2}, which is
a doubled amido group, recently (1887) isolated as a stable,
colorless gas, with a peculiar, irritating odor. As a base it
forms distinct salts. Called also {diamide}, {amidogen}, (or
more properly {diamidogen}), etc.
Hydrencephsloid \Hy"dren*ceph"s*loid\, a. [Hydrencephalus +
-oid.] (Med.)
Same as {Hydrocephaloid}.
Hydria \Hy"dri*a\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] (Gr. Antiq.)
A water jar; esp., one with a large rounded body, a small
neck, and three handles. Some of the most beautiful Greek
vases are of this form.
Hydriad \Hy"dri*ad\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, of the water, fr. "y`dwr
water.] (Myth.)
A water nymph.
Hydric \Hy"dric\, a. [From {Hydrogen}.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or containing, hydrogen; as, hydric oxide.
{Hydric dioxide}. (Chem.) See {Hydrogen dioxide}, under
{Hydrogen}.
{Hydric oxide} (Chem.), water.
{Hydric sulphate} (Chem.), hydrogen sulphate or sulphuric
acid.
Hydride \Hy"dride\, n. [Hydr- + ide.] (Chem.)
A compound of the binary type, in which hydrogen is united
with some other element.
Hydriform \Hy"dri*form\, a. [Hydra + -form.] (Zo["o]l.)
Having the form or structure of a hydra.
Hydrina \Hy*dri"na\, n. pl. [NL. See {Hydra}.] (Zo["o]l.)
The group of hydroids to which the fresh-water hydras belong.
Hydriodate \Hy*dri"o*date\, n. [Cf. F. hydriodate.] (Zo["o]l.)
Same as {Hydriodide}.
Hydriodic \Hy`dri*od"ic\, a. [Hydr- + iodic: cf. F.
hydriodique.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, hydrogen and iodine; -- said
of an acid produced by the combination of these elements.
{Hydriodic acid} (Chem.), a pungent, colorless gas, {HI},
usually prepared as a solution in water. It is strong
reducing agent. Called also {hydrogen iodide}.
Hydriodide \Hy*dri"o*dide\, n. (Chem.)
A compound of hydriodic acid with a base; -- distinguished
from an {iodide}, in which only the iodine combines with the
base.
Hydro- \Hy"dro-\, Hydr- \Hy"dr-\
1. A combining form from Gr. ?, ?, water (see {Hydra}).
2. (Chem.) A combining form of hydrogen, indicating hydrogen
as an ingredient, as hydrochloric; or a reduction product
obtained by hydrogen, as hydroquinone.
Hydrobarometer \Hy`dro*ba*rom"e*ter\, n. [Hydro-, 1 +
barometer.]
An instrument for determining the depth of the sea water by
its pressure.
Hydrobilirubin \Hy`dro*bil`i*ru"bin\, n. [Hydro-, 2 +
bilirubin.] (Physiol. Chem.)
A body formed from bilirubin, identical with urobilin.
Hydrobranchiata \Hy`dro*bran`chi*a"ta\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr.
"y`dwr water + ? gills.] (Zo["o]l.)
An extensive artificial division of gastropod mollusks,
including those that breathe by gills, as contrasted with the
Pulmonifera. -- {Hy`dro*bran"chi*ate}, a.
Hydrobromate \Hy`dro*bro"mate\, n. (Chem.)
Same as {Hydrobromide}.
Hydrobromic \Hy`dro*bro"mic\, a. [Hydro-, 2 + bromic.] (Chem.)
Composed of hydrogen and bromine; as, hydrobromic acid.
{Hydrobromic acid} (Chem.), a colorless, pungent, corrosive
gas, {HBr}, usually collected as a solution in water. It
resembles hydrochloric acid, but is weaker and less
stable. Called also {hydrogen bromide}.
Hydrobromide \Hy`dro*bro"mide\, n. (Chem.)
A compound of hydrobromic acid with a base; -- distinguished
from a bromide, in which only the bromine unites with the
base.
Hydrocarbon \Hy`dro*car"bon\, n. [Hydro-, 2 + carbon.] (Chem.)
A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon, as methane,
benzene, etc.; also, by extension, any of their derivatives.
{Hydrocarbon burner}, {furnace}, {stove}, a burner, furnace,
or stove with which liquid fuel, as petroleum, is used.
Hydrocarbonaceous \Hy`dro*car`bo*na"ceous\, a.
Of the nature, or containing, hydrocarbons.
Hydrocarbonate \Hy`dro*car"bon*ate\, n.
(a) (Old Chem.) A hydrocarbon. [Obs.]
(b) (Chem.) A hydrous carbonate, as malachite.
Hydrocarbostyril \Hy`dro*car`bo*sty"ril\, n. [Hydro-, 2 +
carbostyril.] (Chem.)
A white, crystalline, nitrogenous hydrocarbon, {C9H9NO},
obtained from certain derivatives of cinnamic acid and
closely related to quinoline and carbostyril.
Hydrocarburet \Hy`dro*car"bu*ret\, n. [Hydro-, 2 + carburet.]
(Chem.)
Carbureted hydrogen; also, a hydrocarbon. [Obs.]
Hydrocaulus \Hy`dro*cau"lus\, n.; pl. {Hydrocauli}. [NL., fr.
Gr. "y`dwr water + ? a stalk.] (Zo["o]l.)
The hollow stem of a hydroid, either simple or branched. See
Illust. of {Gymnoblastea} and {Hydroidea}.
Hydrocele \Hy`dro*cele\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?; "y`dwr water + ?
tumor.] (Med.)
A collection of serous fluid in the areolar texture of the
scrotum or in the coverings, especially in the serous sac,
investing the testicle or the spermatic cord; dropsy of the
testicle.
Hydrocephalic \Hy`dro*ce*phal"ic\, a.
Relating to, or connected with, hydrocephalus, or dropsy of
the brain.
Hydrocephaloid \Hy`dro*ceph"a*loid\, a. [Hydrocephalus + -oid.]
(Med.)
Resembling hydrocephalus.
{Hydrocephaloid affection} (Med.), the group of symptoms
which follow exhausting diarrhea in young children,
resembling those of acute hydrocephalus, or tubercular
meningitis.
Hydrocephalous \Hy`dro*ceph"a*lous\, a.
Having hydrocephalus. ``Hydrocephalous offspring.'' --G.
Eliot.
Hydrocephalus \Hy`dro*ceph"a*lus\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?
hydrocephalus; "y`dwr water + ? head.] (Med.)
An accumulation of liquid within the cavity of the cranium,
especially within the ventricles of the brain; dropsy of the
brain. It is due usually to tubercular meningitis. When it
occurs in infancy, it often enlarges the head enormously.
Hydrochlorate \Hy`dro*chlo"rate\, n. (Chem.)
Same as {Hydrochloride}.
Hydrochloric \Hy`dro*chlo"ric\, a. [Hydro-, 2 + chloric: cf. F.
hydrochlorique.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or compounded of, chlorine and hydrogen gas;
as, hydrochloric acid; chlorhydric.
{Hydrochloric acid} (Chem.), hydrogen chloride; a colorless,
corrosive gas, {HCl}, of pungent, suffocating odor. It is
made in great quantities in the soda process, by the
action of sulphuric acid on common salt. It has a great
affinity for water, and the commercial article is a strong
solution of the gas in water. It is a typical acid, and is
an indispensable agent in commercial and general chemical
work. Called also {muriatic, & chlorhydric, acid}.
Hydrochloride \Hy`dro*chlo"ride\, n. (Chem.)
A compound of hydrochloric acid with a base; -- distinguished
from a chloride, where only chlorine unites with the base.
Hydrocorallia \Hy`dro*co*ral"li*a\, n. pl. [NL. See {Hydra}, and
{Coral}.] (Zo["o]l.)
A division of Hydroidea, including those genera that secrete
a stony coral, as Millepora and Stylaster. Two forms of
zooids in life project from small pores in the coral and
resemble those of other hydroids. See {Millepora}.
Hydrocyanate \Hy`dro*cy"a*nate\, n. (Chem.)
See {Hydrocyanide}.
Hydrocyanic \Hy`dro*cy*an"ic\, a. [Hydro-, 2 + anic: cf. F.
hydrocyanique.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from the combination of, hydrogen
and cyanogen.
{Hydrocyanic acid} (Chem.), a colorless, mobile, volatile
liquid, {HCN}, having a characteristic peach-blossom odor.
It is one of the most deadly poisons. It is made by the
action of sulphuric acid on yellow prussiate of potassium
(potassium ferrocyanide), and chemically resembles
hydrochloric and hydrobromic acids. Called also {prussic
acid}, {hydrogen cyanide}, etc.
Hydrocyanide \Hy`dro*cy"a*nide\, n. (Chem.)
A compound of hydrocyanic acid with a base; -- distinguished
from a cyanide, in which only the cyanogen so combines.
Hydrodynamic \Hy`dro*dy*nam"ic\, Hydrodynamical
\Hy`dro*dy*nam"ic*al\, a. [Hydro-, 1 + dynamic, -ical: cf. F.
hydrodynamique.]
Pertaining to, or derived from, the dynamical action of water
of a liquid; of or pertaining to water power.
{Hydrodynamic friction}, friction produced by the viscosity
of a liquid in motion.
Hydrodynamics \Hy`dro*dy*nam"ics\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + dynamics: cf.
F. hydrodynamique.]
That branch of the science of mechanics which relates to
fluids, or, as usually limited, which treats of the laws of
motion and action of nonelastic fluids, whether as
investigated mathematically, or by observation and
experiment; the principles of dynamics, as applied to water
and other fluids.
Note: The word is sometimes used as a general term, including
both hydrostatics and hydraulics, together with
pneumatics and acoustics. See {Hydraulics}.
Hydrodynamometer \Hy`dro*dy`na*mom"e*ter\, n. [Hydro-, 1 +
dynamometer.]
An instrument to measure the velocity of a liquid current by
the force of its impact.
Hydro-electric \Hy`dro-e*lec"tric\, a. [Hydro-, 1 + electric.]
Pertaining to, employed in, or produced by, the evolution of
electricity by means of a battery in which water or steam is
used.
{Hydro-electric machine} (Physics), an apparatus invented by
Sir William Armstrong of England for generating
electricity by the escape of high-pressure steam from a
series of jets connected with a strong boiler, in which
the steam is produced.
Hydro-extractor \Hy`dro-ex*tract"or\, n. [Hydro-, 1 +
extractor.]
An apparatus for drying anything, as yarn, cloth, sugar,
etc., by centrifugal force; a centrifugal.
Hydroferricyanic \Hy`dro*fer`ri*cy*an"ic\, n. [Hydro-, 2 +
ferricyanic.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or containing, or obtained from, hydrogen,
ferric iron, and cyanogen; as, hydroferricyanic acid. See
{Ferricyanic}.
Hydroferrocyanic \Hy`dro*fer`ro*cy*an"ic\, a. [Hydro-, 2 +
ferrocyanic.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or containing, or obtained from, hydrogen,
ferrous iron, and cyanogen; as, hydroferrocyanic acid. See
{Ferrocyanic}.
Hydrofluate \Hy`dro*flu"ate\, n. (Chem.)
A supposed compound of hydrofluoris acid and a base; a
fluoride. [Archaic]
Hydrofluoric \Hy`dro*flu*or"ic\, a. [Hydro-, 2 + fluoric.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or containing, hydrogen and fluorine;
fluohydric; as, hydrofluoric acid.
{Hydrofluoric acid} (Chem.), a colorless, mobile, volatile
liquid, {HF}, very corrosive in its action, and having a
strong, pungent, suffocating odor. It is produced by the
action of sulphuric acid on fluorite, and is usually
collected as a solution in water. It attacks all
silicates, as glass or porcelain, is the agent employed in
etching glass, and is preserved only in vessels of
platinum, lead, caoutchouc, or gutta-percha.
Hydrofluosilicate \Hy`dro*flu`o*sil"i*cate\, n. (Chem.)
A salt of hydrofluosilic acid; a silicofluoride. See
{Silicofluoride}.
Hydrofluosilicic \Hy`dro*flu`o*si*lic"ic\, a. [Hydro-, 2 +
fluorine + silicic.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or denoting, a compound consisting of a double
fluoride of hydrogen and silicon; silicofluoric. See
{Silicofluoric}.
Hydrogalvanic \Hy`dro*gal*van"ic\, a. [Hydro-, 1 + galvanic.]
Pertaining to, produced by, or consisting of, electricity
evolved by the action or use of fluids; as, hydrogalvanic
currents. [R.]
Hydrogen \Hy"dro*gen\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + -gen: cf. F.
hydrog[`e]ne. So called because water is generated by its
combustion. See {Hydra}.] (Chem.)
A gaseous element, colorless, tasteless, and odorless, the
lightest known substance, being fourteen and a half times
lighter than air (hence its use in filling balloons), and
over eleven thousand times lighter than water. It is very
abundant, being an ingredient of water and of many other
substances, especially those of animal or vegetable origin.
It may by produced in many ways, but is chiefly obtained by
the action of acids (as sulphuric) on metals, as zinc, iron,
etc. It is very inflammable, and is an ingredient of coal gas
and water gas. It is standard of chemical equivalents or
combining weights, and also of valence, being the typical
monad. Symbol H. Atomic weight 1.
Note: Although a gas, hydrogen is chemically similar to the
metals in its nature, having the properties of a weak
base. It is, in all acids, the base which is replaced
by metals and basic radicals to form salts. Like all
other gases, it is condensed by great cold and pressure
to a liquid which freezes and solidifies by its own
evaporation. It is absorbed in large quantities by
certain metals (esp. palladium), forming alloy-like
compounds; hence, in view of quasi-metallic nature, it
is sometimes called {hydrogenium}. It is the typical
reducing agent, as opposed to oxidizers, as oxygen,
chlorine, etc.
{Bicarbureted hydrogen}, an old name for ethylene.
{Carbureted hydrogen gas}. See under {Carbureted}.
{Hydrogen dioxide}, a thick, colorless liquid, {H2O2},
resembling water, but having a bitter, sour taste,
produced by the action of acids on barium peroxide. It
decomposes into water and oxygen, and is manufactured in
large quantities for an oxidizing and bleaching agent.
Called also {oxygenated water}.
{Hydrogen oxide}, a chemical name for water, H?O.
{Hydrogen sulphide}, a colorless inflammable gas, {H2S},
having the characteristic odor of bad eggs, and found in
many mineral springs. It is produced by the action of
acids on metallic sulphides, and is an important chemical
reagent. Called also {sulphureted hydrogen}.
Hydrogenate \Hy"dro*gen*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Hydrogenated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Hydrogenating}.] (Chem.)
To hydrogenize.
Hydrogenation \Hy`dro*gen*a"tion\, n. (Chem.)
The act of combining with hydrogen, or the state of being so
combined.
Hydrogenide \Hy"dro*gen*ide\, n. (Chem.)
A binary compound containing hydrogen; a hydride. [R.] See
{Hydride}.
Hydrogenium \Hy`dro*ge"ni*um\, n. [NL. See {Hydrogen}.] (Chem.)
Hydrogen; -- called also in view of its supposed metallic
nature. --Graham.
Hydrogenize \Hy"dro*gen*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Hydrogenized}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Hydrogenizing}.] (Chem.)
To combine with hydrogen; to treat with, or subject to the
action of, hydrogen; to reduce; -- contrasted with oxidize.
Hydrogenous \Hy*drog"e*nous\, a.
Of or pertaining to hydrogen; containing hydrogen.
Hydrognosy \Hy*drog"no*sy\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. ? knowledge.]
A treatise upon, or a history and description of, the water
of the earth.
Hydrogode \Hy"drog*ode\, n. [Hydrogen + Gr. ? way. path.]
(Elec.)
The negative pole or cathode. [R.]
Hydrographer \Hy*drog"ra*pher\, n.
One skilled in the hydrography; one who surveys, or draws
maps or charts of, the sea, lakes, or other waters, with the
adjacent shores; one who describes the sea or other waters.
--Boyle.
Hydrographic \Hy`dro*graph"ic\, Hydrographical
\Hy`dro*graph"ic*al\, a.
Of or relating to hydrography.
Hydrography \Hy*drog"ra*phy\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + -graphy: cf. F.
hydrographie.]
1. The art of measuring and describing the sea, lakes,
rivers, and other waters, with their phenomena.
2. That branch of surveying which embraces the determination
of the contour of the bottom of a harbor or other sheet of
water, the depth of soundings, the position of channels
and shoals, with the construction of charts exhibiting
these particulars.
Hydroguret \Hy*drog"u*ret\, n. [From {Hydrogen}.] (Chem.)
A hydride. [Obs.]
Hydroid \Hy"droid\, a. [Hydra + -oid.] (Zo["o]l.)
Related to, or resembling, the hydra; of or pertaining to the
Hydroidea. -- n. One of the Hydroideas.
Hydroidea \Hy*droi"de*a\, n. pl. [NL. See {Hydra}, and {-oid}.]
(Zo["o]l.)
An extensive order of Hydrozoa or Acaleph[ae]. [Written also
{Hydroida}.]
Note: This order includes the hydras and the free-swimming
hydromedus[ae], together with a great variety of marine
attached hydroids, many of which grow up into large,
elegantly branched forms, consisting of a vast number
of zooids (hydranths, gonophores, etc.), united by
hollow stems. All the zooids of a colony are produced
from one primary zooid, by successive buddings. The
Siphonophora have also been included in this order by
some writers. See {Gymnoblastea}, {Hydromedusa},
{Gonosome}, {Gonotheca}.
Hydrokinetic \Hy`dro*ki*net"ic\, a. [Hydro-, 1 + kinetic.]
Of or pertaining to the motions of fluids, or the forces
which produce or affect such motions; -- opposed to
hydrostatic. --Sir W. Thomson.
Hydrological \Hy`dro*log"ic*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to hydrology.
Hydrologist \Hy*drol"o*gist\, n.
One skilled in hydrology.
Hydrology \Hy*drol"o*gy\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + -logy: cf. F.
hydrologie.]
The science of water, its properties, phenomena, and
distribution over the earth's surface.
Hydrolytic \Hy`dro*lyt"ic\, a. [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. ? to loose.]
(Chem.)
Tending to remove or separate water; eliminating water.
Hydrolytic agents, such as sulphuric acid or caustic
alkali. --Encyc. Brit.
{Hydrolytic ferment} (Physiol. Chem.), a ferment, enzyme, or
chemical ferment, which acts only in the presence of
water, and which causes the substance acted upon to take
up a molecule of water. Thus, diastase of malt, ptyalin of
saliva, and boiling dilute sulphuric acid all convert
starch by hydration into dextrin and sugar. Nearly all of
the digestive ferments are hydrolytic in their action.
Hydromagnesite \Hy`dro*mag"ne*site\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + magnesite.]
(Min.)
A hydrous carbonate of magnesia occurring in white, early,
amorphous masses.
Hydromancy \Hy"dro*man`cy\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + -mancy: cf. F.
hydromancie.]
Divination by means of water, -- practiced by the ancients.
Hydromantic \Hy`dro*man"tic\, a. [Cf. F. hydromantique.]
Of or pertaining to divination by water.
Hydromechanics \Hy`dro*me*chan"ics\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + mechanics.]
That branch of physics which treats of the mechanics of
liquids, or of their laws of equilibrium and of motion.
Hydromedusa \Hy`dro*me*du"sa\, n.; pl. {Hydromedus[ae]}. [NL.
See {Hydra}, and {Medusa}.] (Zo["o]l.)
Any medusa or jellyfish which is produced by budding from a
hydroid. They are called also {Craspedota}, and {naked-eyed
medus[ae]}.
Note: Such medus[ae] are the reproductive zooids or
gonophores, either male or female, of the hydroid from
which they arise, whether they become free or remain
attached to the hydroid colony. They in turn produce
the eggs from which the hydroids are developed. The
name is also applied to other similar medus[ae] which
are not known to bud from a hydroid colony, and even to
some which are known to develop directly from the eggs,
but which in structure agree essentially with those
produced from hydroids. See {Hydroidea}, and
{Gymnoblastea}.
Hydromel \Hy"dro*mel\, n. [L. hydromel, hydromeli, Gr. ?; ?
water + ? honey: cf. F. hydromel.]
A liquor consisting of honey diluted in water, and after
fermentation called mead.
Hydromellonic \Hy`dro*mel*lon"ic\, a.
See {Cyamellone}.
Hydrometallurgical \Hy`dro*met`al*lur"gic*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to hydrometallurgy; involving the use of
liquid reagents in the treatment or reduction of ores. --
{Hy`dro*met`al*lur"gic*al*ly}, adv.
Hydrometallurgy \Hy`dro*met"al*lur`gy\, n. [Hydro-, 1 +
metallurgy.]
The art or process of assaying or reducing ores by means of
liquid reagents.
Hydrometeor \Hy`dro*me"te*or\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + meteor.]
A meteor or atmospheric phenomenon dependent upon the vapor
of water; -- in the pl., a general term for the whole aqueous
phenomena of the atmosphere, as rain, snow, hail, etc.
--Nichol.
Hydrometeorological \Hy`dro*me`te*or`o*log"ic*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to hydrometeorology, or to rain, clouds,
storms, etc.
Hydrometeorology \Hy`dro*me`te*or*ol"o*gy\, n. [Hydro-, 1 +
meteorology.]
That branch of meteorology which relates to, or treats of,
water in the atmosphere, or its phenomena, as rain, clouds,
snow, hail, storms, etc.
Hydrometer \Hy*drom"e*ter\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + -meter: cf. F.
hydrom[`e]tre.]
1. (Physics) An instrument for determining the specific
gravities of liquids, and thence the strength spirituous
liquors, saline solutions, etc.
Note: It is usually made of glass with a graduated stem, and
indicates the specific gravity of a liquid by the depth
to which it sinks in it, the zero of the scale marking
the depth to which it sinks in pure water. Extra
weights are sometimes used to adapt the scale to
liquids of different densities.
2. An instrument, variously constructed, used for measuring
the velocity or discharge of water, as in rivers, from
reservoirs, etc., and called by various specific names
according to its construction or use, as {tachometer},
{rheometer}, {hydrometer}, {pendulum}, etc.; a current
gauge.
Hydrometric \Hy`dro*met"ric\, Hydrometrical \Hy`dro*met"ric*al\,
a. [Cf. F. hydrom[`e]trique.]
1. Of or pertaining to an hydrometer, or to the determination
of the specific gravity of fluids.
2. Of or pertaining to measurement of the velocity,
discharge, etc., of running water.
3. Made by means of an hydrometer; as, hydrometric
observations.
{Hydrometric pendulum}, a species of hydrometer consisting of
a hollow ball of ivory or metal suspended by a treated
from the center of a graduated quadrant, and held in a
stream to measure the velocity of the water by the
inclination given to the thread; a kind of current gauge.
Hydrometrograph \Hy`dro*met"ro*graph\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. ?
measure + -graph.]
An instrument for determining and recording the quantity of
water discharged from a pipe, orifice, etc., in a given time.
Hydrometry \Hy*drom"e*try\, n. [Cf. F. hydrom[`e]trique.]
1. The art of determining the specific gravity of liquids,
and thence the strength of spirituous liquors, saline
solutions, etc.
2. The art or operation of measuring the velocity or
discharge of running water, as in rivers, etc.
Hydromica \Hy`dro*mi"ca\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + mica.] (Min.)
A variety of potash mica containing water. It is less elastic
than ordinary muscovite.
{Hydromica schist} (Min.), a mica schist characterized by the
presence of hydromica. It often has a silky luster and
almost soapy feel.
Hydronephrosis \Hy`dro*ne*phro"sis\, n. [NL., Gr. "y`dwr water +
? a kidney.] (Med.)
An accumulation of urine in the pelvis of the kidney,
occasioned by obstruction in the urinary passages.
Hydropath \Hy"dro*path\, n. [Cf. F. hydropathe.]
A hydropathist.
Hydropathic \Hy`dro*path"ic\, Hydropathical \Hy`dro*path"ic*al\,
a.
Of or pertaining to hydropathy.
Hydropathist \Hy*drop"a*thist\, n.
One who practices hydropathy; a water-cure doctor.
Hydropathy \Hy*drop"a*thy\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. ?, ?, to
suffer.]
The water cure; a mode of treating diseases by the copious
and frequent use of pure water, both internally and
externally.
Hydroperitoneum \Hy`dro*per`i*to*ne"um\, n. [NL. See {Hydro-},
and {Peritoneum}.] (Med.)
Same as {Ascites}.
Hydrophane \Hy"dro*phane\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. ? to show,
appear: cf. F. hydrophane.] (Min.)
A semitranslucent variety of opal that becomes translucent or
transparent on immersion in water.
Hydrophanous \Hy*droph"a*nous\, a. (Min.)
Made transparent by immersion in water.
Hydrophid \Hy"dro*phid\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. ? a small serpent.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Any sea snake of the genus {Hydrophys} and allied genera.
These snakes are venomous, live upon fishes, and have a
flattened tail for swimming.
Hydrophlorone \Hy`dro*phlo"rone\, n. [Hydro-, 2 + phlorone.]
(Chem.)
A white, crystalline benzene derivative, {C8H10O2}, obtained
by the reduction of phlorone.
Hydrophobia \Hy`dro*pho"bi*a\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?; "y`dwr water +
? fear: cf. F. hydrophobie.] (Med.)
(a) An abnormal dread of water, said to be a symptom of
canine madness; hence:
(b) The disease caused by a bite form, or inoculation with
the saliva of, a rabid creature, of which the chief
symptoms are, a sense of dryness and construction in the
throat, causing difficulty in deglutition, and a marked
heightening of reflex excitability, producing convulsions
whenever the patient attempts to swallow, or is disturbed
in any way, as by the sight or sound of water; rabies;
canine madness. [Written also {hydrophoby}.]
Hydrophobic \Hy`dro*phob"ic\, a. [L. hydrophobicus, Gr. ?: cf.
F. hydrophobique.]
Of or pertaining to hydrophobia; producing or caused by
rabies; as, hydrophobic symptoms; the hydrophobic poison.
Hydrophoby \Hy"dro*pho`by\, n.
See {Hydrophobia}.
Hydrophora \Hy*droph"o*ra\, n. pl. [NL., fr. E. hydra + Gr. ? to
bear.] (Zo["o]l.)
The Hydroidea.
Hydrophore \Hy"dro*phore\, n. [Gr. "y`dwr water + ? to bear.]
An instrument used for the purpose of obtaining specimens of
water from any desired depth, as in a river, a lake, or the
ocean.
Hydrophyllium \Hy`dro*phyl"li*um\, n.; pl. L. {Hydrophyllia}, E.
{Hydrophylliums}. [NL., fr. Gr. "y`dwr water + ? a leaf.]
(Zo["o]l.)
One of the flat, leaflike, protective zooids, covering other
zooids of certain Siphonophora.
Hydrophyte \Hy"dro*phyte\, n. [Gr. ? + ? plant: cf. F.
hydrophyte.]
An aquatic plant; an alga.
Hydrophytology \Hy*droph`y*tol"o*gy\, n. [Hydro- + phyte +
-logy.]
The branch of botany which treats of water plants.
Hydropic \Hy*drop"ic\, Hydropical \Hy*drop"ic*al\, a. [L.
hydropicus, Gr. ?: cf. F. hydropique. See {Dropsy}.]
Dropsical, or resembling dropsy.
Every lust is a kind of hydropic distemper, and the
more we drink the more we shall thirst. --Tillotson.
Hydropically \Hy*drop"ic*al*ly\, adv.
In a hydropical manner.
Hydropiper \Hy"dro*pi`per\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "y`dwr water + L.
piper a pepper.] (Bot.)
A species ({Polygonum Hydropiper}) of knotweed with acrid
foliage; water pepper; smartweed.
Hydropneumatic \Hy`dro*pneu*mat"ic\, a. [Hydro-, 1 + pneumatic:
cf. F. hydropneumatique.]
Pertaining to, or depending upon, both liquid and gaseous
substances; as, hydropneumatic apparatus for collecting gases
over water or other liquids.
Hydropsy \Hy"drop`sy\, n.
Same as {Dropsy}.
Hydropult \Hy"dro*pult\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. ? to hurl.]
A machine for throwing water by hand power, as a garden
engine, a fire extinguisher, etc.
Hydroquinone \Hy`dro*qui"none\, n. [Hydro-, 2 + quinone.]
(Chem.)
A white crystalline substance, {C6H4(OH)2}, obtained by the
reduction of quinone. It is a diacid phenol, resembling, and
metameric with, pyrocatechin and resorcin. Called also
{dihydroxy benzene}.
Hydrorhiza \Hy`dro*rhi"za\, n.; pl. L. {Hydrorhiz[ae]}, E.
{Hydrorhizas}. [NL., fr. E. hydra + Gr. ? a root.] (Zo["o]l.)
The rootstock or decumbent stem by which a hydroid is
attached to other objects. See Illust. under {Hydroidea}.
Hydrosalt \Hy"dro*salt`\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + salt.] (Chem.)
(a) A salt supposed to be formed by a hydracid and a base.
(b) An acid salt. [R.]
(c) A hydrous salt; a salt combined with water of hydration
or crystallization.
Hydroscope \Hy"dro*scope\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + -scope.]
1. An instrument designed to mark the presence of water,
especially in air. --Weale.
2. A kind of water clock, used anciently for measuring time,
the water tricking from an orifice at the end of a
graduated tube.
Hydrosome \Hy"dro*some\, Hydrosoma \Hy`dro*so"ma\, n. [NL.
hydrosoma. See {Hydra}, and {-some} body.] (Zo["o]l.)
All the zooids of a hydroid colony collectively, including
the nutritive and reproductive zooids, and often other kinds.
Hydrosorbic \Hy`dro*sor"bic\, a. [Hydro-, 2 + sorbic.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from sorbic
acid when this takes up hydrogen; as, hydrosorbic acid.
Hydrostat \Hy"dro*stat\, n.
A contrivance or apparatus to prevent the explosion of steam
boilers.
Hydrostatic \Hy`dro*stat"ic\, Hydrostatical \Hy`dro*stat"ic*al\,
a. [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. ? causing to stand: cf. F. hydrostatique.
See {Static}.]
Of or relating to hydrostatics; pertaining to, or in
accordance with, the principles of the equilibrium of fluids.
The first discovery made in hydrostatics since the time
of Archimedes is due to Stevinus. --Hallam.
{Hydrostatic balance}, a balance for weighing substances in
water, for the purpose of ascertaining their specific
gravities.
{Hydrostatic bed}, a water bed.
{Hydrostatic bellows}, an apparatus consisting of a
water-tight bellowslike case with a long, upright tube,
into which water may be poured to illustrate the
hydrostatic paradox.
{Hydrostatic paradox}, the proposition in hydrostatics that
any quantity of water, however small, may be made to
counterbalance any weight, however great; or the law of
the equality of pressure of fluids in all directions.
{Hydrostatic press}, a machine in which great force, with
slow motion, is communicated to a large plunger by means
of water forced into the cylinder in which it moves, by a
forcing pump of small diameter, to which the power is
applied, the principle involved being the same as in the
hydrostatic bellows. Also called {hydraulic press}, and
{Bramah press}. In the illustration, a is a pump with a
small plunger b, which forces the water into the cylinder
c, thus driving upward the large plunder d, which performs
the reduced work, such as compressing cotton bales, etc.
Hydrostatically \Hy`dro*stat"ic*al*ly\, adv.
According to hydrostatics, or to hydrostatic principles.
--Bentley.
Hydrostatician \Hy`dro*sta*ti"cian\, n.
One who is versed or skilled in hydrostatics. [R.]
Hydrostatics \Hy`dro*stat"ics\, n. [Cf. F. hydrostatique.]
(Physics)
The branch of science which relates to the pressure and
equilibrium of nonelastic fluids, as water, mercury, etc.;
the principles of statics applied to water and other liquids.
Hydrosulphate \Hy`dro*sul"phate\, n. (Chem.)
Same as {Hydrosulphurent}.
Hydrosulphide \Hy`dro*sul"phide\, n. (Chem.)
One of a series of compounds, derived from hydrogen sulphide
by the replacement of half its hydrogen by a base or basic
radical; as, potassium hydrosulphide, {KSH}. The
hydrosulphides are analogous to the hydrates and include the
mercaptans.
Hydrosulphite \Hy`dro*sul"phite\, n. (Chem.)
A saline compound of hydrosulphurous acid and a base. [R.]
Hydrosulphuret \Hy`dro*sul"phu*ret\, n. (Chem.)
A hydrosulphide. [Archaic]
Hydrosulphureted \Hy`dro*sul"phu*ret`ed\, a. (Chem.)
Combined with hydrogen sulphide.
Hydrosulphuric \Hy`dro*sul*phu"ric\, a. [Hydro-, 2 + sulphuric.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, hydrogen and sulphur; as,
hydrosulphuric acid, a designation applied to the solution of
hydrogen sulphide in water.
Hydrosulphurous \Hy`dro*sul"phur*ous\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the
reduction of sulphurous acid. See {Hyposulphurous acid},
under {Hyposulphurous}.
Hydrotellurate \Hy`dro*tel"lu*rate\, n. (Chem.)
A salt formed by the union of hydrotelluric acid and the
base.
Hydrotelluric \Hy`dro*tel*lu"ric\, a. [Hydro-, 2 + telluric.]
(Chem.)
Formed by hydrogen and tellurium; as, hydrotelluric acid, or
hydrogen telluride.
Hydrotheca \Hy`dro*the"ca\, n.; pl. L. {Hydrothec[ae]}, E.
{Hydrothecas}. [NL., fr. E. hydra + Gr. ? a box.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the calicles which, in some Hydroidea (Thecaphora),
protect the hydrants. See Illust. of {Hydroidea}, and
{Campanularian}.
Hydrotherapy \Hy`dro*ther"a*py\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + therapy.]
(Med.)
See {Hydropathy}.
Hydrothermal \Hy`dro*ther"mal\, a. [Hydro-, 1 + thermal.]
Of or pertaining to hot water; -- used esp. with reference to
the action of heated waters in dissolving, redepositing, and
otherwise producing mineral changes within the crust of the
globe.
Hydrothorax \Hy`dro*tho"rax\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + thorax.] (Med.)
An accumulation of serous fluid in the cavity of the chest.
Hydrotic \Hy*drot"ic\, a. [Gr. "y`dwr water: cf. Gr. ? moisture,
F. hydrotique.]
Causing a discharge of water or phlegm. -- n. (Med.) A
hydrotic medicine.
Hydrotical \Hy*drot"ic*al\, a.
Hydrotic.
Hydrotrope \Hy"dro*trope\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. ? to turn,
direct.]
A device for raising water by the direct action of steam; a
pulsometer.
Hydrotropic \Hy`dro*trop"ic\, a. [See {Hydrotrope}.] (Bot.)
Turning or bending towards moisture, as roots.
Hydrotropism \Hy*drot"ro*pism\, n. (Bot.)
A tendency towards moisture.
Hydrous \Hy"drous\, a. [Gr. "y`dwr water.]
1. Containing water; watery.
2. (Chem.) Containing water of hydration or crystallization.
Hydroxanthane \Hy`dro*xan"thane\, n. (Chem.)
A persulphocyanate. [Obs.]
Hydroxanthic \Hy`dro*xan"thic\, a. [Hydro-, 2 + xanthic.]
(Chem.)
Persulphocyanic.
Hydroxide \Hy*drox"ide\, n. [Hydro-, 2 + oxide.] (Chem.)
A hydrate; a substance containing hydrogen and oxygen, made
by combining water with an oxide, and yielding water by
elimination. The hydroxides are regarded as compounds of
hydroxyl, united usually with basic element or radical; as,
calcium hydroxide ethyl hydroxide.
Hydroxy- \Hy*drox"y-\ (Chem.)
A combining form, also used adjectively, indicating hydroxyl
as an ingredient.
{Hydroxy acid} (Chem.), an organic acid, having (besides the
hydroxyl group of the carboxyl radical) an alcoholic
hydroxyl group, and thus having the qualities of an
alcohol in addition to its acid properties; as, lactic and
tartaric acids are hydroxy acids.
Hydroxyl \Hy*drox"yl\, n. [Hydro-, 2 + oxygen + -yl.] (Chem.)
A compound radical, or unsaturated group, {HO}, consisting of
one atom of hydrogen and one of oxygen. It is a
characteristic part of the hydrates, the alcohols, the oxygen
acids, etc.
Hydroxylamine \Hy*drox`yl*am"ine\, n. [Hydroxyl + amine.]
(Chem.)
A nitrogenous, organic base, {NH2.OH}, resembling ammonia,
and produced by a modified reduction of nitric acid. It is
usually obtained as a volatile, unstable solution in water.
It acts as a strong reducing agent.
Hydrozoa \Hy`dro*zo"a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. E. hydra + Gr. ? an
animal.] (Zo["o]l.)
The Acaleph[ae]; one of the classes of c[oe]lenterates,
including the Hydroidea, Discophora, and Siphonophora.
Hydrozoal \Hy`dro*zo"al\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of or pertaining to the Hydrozoa.
Hydrozoon \Hy`dro*zo"["o]n\, n.; pl. L. {Hydrozoa}, E.
{Hydrozo["o]ns}. [NL.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the Hydrozoa.
Hydruret \Hy"dru*ret\, n. [Hydro-, 2] (Chem.)
A binary compound of hydrogen; a hydride. [Obs.]
Hydrus \Hy"drus\, n. [L., a water serpent; also, a certain
constellation, Gr. "y`dros.] (Astron.)
A constellation of the southern hemisphere, near the south
pole.
Hye \Hye\, n. & v.
See {Hie}. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hyemal \Hy*e"mal\, a. [L. hyemalis, or better hiemalis, fr.
hyems, hiems, winter: cf. F. hy['e]mal.]
Belonging to winter; done in winter. --Sir T. Browne.
Hyemate \Hy"e*mate\, v. i. [L. hiemare, hiematum. See {Hyemal}.]
To pass the winter. [Obs. & R.]
Hyemation \Hy`e*ma"tion\, n. [L. hiematio.]
1. The passing of a winter in a particular place; a
wintering.
2. The act of affording shelter in winter. [Obs.]
Hyen \Hy"en\, n. [F. hy[`e]ne.]
A hyena. [Obs.] --Shak.
Hyena \Hy*e"na\, n.; pl. {Hyenas}. [L. hyaena, Gr. ?, orig., a
sow, but usually, a Libyan wild beast, prob., the hyena, fr.
? hog: cf. F. hy[`e]ne. See {Sow} female hog.] (Zo["o]l.)
Any carnivorous mammal of the family {Hy[ae]nid[ae]}, of
which three living species are known. They are large and
strong, but cowardly. They feed chiefly on carrion, and are
nocturnal in their habits. [Written also {hy[ae]na}.]
Note: The striped hyena ({Hy[ae]na striata}) inhabits
Southern Asia and a large part of Africa. The brown
hyena ({H. brunnea}), and the spotted hyena ({Crocuta
maculata}), are found in Southern Africa. The extinct
cave hyena ({H. spel[ae]a}) inhabited England and
France.
{Cave hyena}. See under {Cave}.
{Hyena dog} (Zo["o]l.), a South African canine animal
({Lycaon venaticus}), which hunts in packs, chiefly at
night. It is smaller than the common wolf, with very
large, erect ears, and a bushy tail. Its color is reddish
or yellowish brown, blotched with black and white. Called
also {hunting dog}.
Hyetal \Hy"e*tal\, a. [Gr. ? rain, from ? to rain.]
Of or pertaining to rain; descriptive of the distribution of
rain, or of rainy regions.
Hyetograph \Hy"e*to*graph\, n. [Gr. ? rain + -graph.]
A chart or graphic representation of the average distribution
of rain over the surface of the earth.
Hyetographic \Hy`e*to*graph"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to to hyetography.
Hyetography \Hy`e*tog"ra*phy\, n.
The branch of physical science which treats of the
geographical distribution of rain.
Hygeia \Hy*ge"ia\, n. [L. Hygea, Hygia, fr. Gr. ?, ?, health, ?,
Hygeia, fr. ? sound, healthy.] (Classic Myth.)
The goddess of health, daughter of Esculapius.
Hygeian \Hy*ge"ian\, a.
Relating to Hygeia, the goddess of health; of or pertaining
to health, or its preservation.
Hygeist \Hy"ge*ist\, n.
One skilled in hygiena; a hygienist.
Hygieist \Hy"gie*ist\, n.
A hygienist.
Hygiene \Hy"gi*ene\, n. [F. hygi[`e]ne. See {Hygeia}.]
That department of sanitary science which treats of the
preservation of health, esp. of households and communities; a
system of principles or rules designated for the promotion of
health.
Hygienic \Hy`gi*en"ic\, a. [Cf. F. hygi['e]nique.]
Of or pertaining to health or hygiene; sanitary.
Hygienics \Hy`gi*en"ics\, n.
The science of health; hygiene.
Hygienism \Hy"gi*en*ism\, n.
Hygiene.
Hygienist \Hy"gi*en*ist\, n.
One versed in hygiene.
Hygiology \Hy`gi*ol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ? health + -logy.]
A treatise on, or the science of, the preservation of health.
[R.]
Hygrine \Hy"grine\, n. [From Gr. ? moist.] (Chem.)
An alkaloid associated with cocaine in coca leaves
({Erythroxylon coca}), and extracted as a thick, yellow oil,
having a pungent taste and odor.
Hygrodeik \Hy"gro*deik\, n. [Gr. ? wet, moist, and ? to show.]
(Physics)
A form of hygrometer having wet and dry bulb thermometers,
with an adjustable index showing directly the percentage of
moisture in the air, etc.
Hygrograph \Hy"gro*graph\, n. [Gr. ? wet + -graph.] (Physics)
An instrument for recording automatically the variations of
the humidity of the atmosphere.
Hygrology \Hy*grol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ? wet + -logy: cf. F.
hygrologie.] (Med.)
The science which treats of the fluids of the body.
Hygrometer \Hy*grom"e*ter\, n. [Gr. ? wet, moist + -meter: cf.
F. hygrom[`e]tre.] (Physics)
An instrument for measuring the degree of moisture of the
atmosphere.
{Daniell's hygrometer}, a form of hygrometer consisting of a
bent glass tube terminating in two bulbs, the one covered
with muslin, the other of black glass, and containing
ether and a thermometer. Ether being poured on the muslin,
the black ball, cooled by the evaporation of the ether
within, is soon covered with dew; at this moment, the
inclosed thermometer gives the dew-point, and this,
compared with the reading of one in the air, determines
the humidity.
Hygrometric \Hy`gro*met"ric\, Hygrometrical \Hy`gro*met"ric*al\,
a. [Cf. F. hygrom['e]trique.]
1. Of or pertaining to hygrometry; made with, or according
to, the hygrometer; as, hygrometric observations.
2. Readily absorbing and retaining moisture; as, hygrometric
substances, like potash.
Hygrometry \Hy*grom"e*try\, n. [Cf. F. hygrom['e]trie.]
(Physics)
That branch of physics which relates to the determination of
the humidity of bodies, particularly of the atmosphere, with
the theory and use of the instruments constructed for this
purpose.
Hygrophanous \Hy*groph"a*nous\, a. [Gr. ? wet + ? to show.]
Having such a structure as to be diaphanous when moist, and
opaque when dry.
Hygrophthalmic \Hy`groph*thal"mic\, a. [Gr. ? wet + E.
ophthalmic.] (Anat.)
Serving to moisten the eye; -- sometimes applied to the
lachrymal ducts.
Hygroplasm \Hy"gro*plasm\, n. [Gr. ? wet + ? form, mold.]
(Biol.)
The fluid portion of the cell protoplasm, in opposition to
stereoplasm, the solid or insoluble portion. The latter is
supposed to be partly nutritive and partly composed of
idioplasm.
Hygroscope \Hy"gro*scope\, n. [Gr. ? wet + -scope: cf. F.
hygroscope.] (Physics)
An instrument which shows whether there is more or less
moisture in the atmosphere, without indicating its amount.
Hygroscopic \Hy`gro*scop"ic\, a. [Cf. F. hygroscopique.]
1. Of or pertaining to, or indicated by, the hygroscope; not
readily manifest to the senses, but capable of detection
by the hygroscope; as, glass is often covered with a film
of hygroscopic moisture.
2. Having the property of readily inbibing moisture from the
atmosphere, or of the becoming coated with a thin film of
moisture, as glass, etc.
Hygroscopicity \Hy`gro*sco*pic"i*ty\, n. (Bot.)
The property possessed by vegetable tissues of absorbing or
discharging moisture according to circumstances.
Hygrostatics \Hy`gro*stat"ics\, n. [Gr. ? wet + ?. See
{Statics}.]
The science or art of comparing or measuring degrees of
moisture. --Evelyn.
Hyke \Hyke\, n.
See {Haik}, and {Huke}.
Hylaeosaur \Hy"l[ae]*o*saur`\, Hylaeosaurus
\Hy`l[ae]*o*sau"rus\, n. [NL. hylaeosaurus, fr. Gr. ? belonging
to a forest (fr. ? wood) + ? a lizard.] (Paleon.)
A large Wealden dinosaur from the Tilgate Forest, England. It
was about twenty feet long, protected by bony plates in the
skin, and armed with spines.
Hylarchical \Hy*lar"chi*cal\, a. [Gr. ? wood, matter + ?: cf. F.
hylarchique. See {Archical}.]
Presiding over matter. [Obs.] --Hallywell.
Hyleosaur \Hy"le*o*saur"\, n.
Same as {Hyl[ae]osaur}.
Hylic \Hyl"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to matter; material; corporeal; as, hylic
influences.
Hylicist \Hy"li*cist\, n. [Gr. ? adj., material, fr. ? wood,
matter.]
A philosopher who treats chiefly of matter; one who adopts or
teaches hylism.
Hylism \Hy"lism\, n. [Gr. ? wood, matter.] (Metaph.)
A theory which regards matter as the original principle of
evil.
Hylobate \Hy"lo*bate\, n. [Gr. ? one that walks or inhabits the
woods: ? a wood + ? to go.] (Zo["o]l.)
Any species of the genus {Hylobates}; a gibbon, or long-armed
ape. See {Gibbon}.
Hylodes \Hy*lo"des\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? woody, wooded, muddy; ?
a wood + ? form.] (Zo["o]l.)
The piping frog ({Hyla Pickeringii}), a small American tree
frog, which in early spring, while breeding in swamps and
ditches, sings with high, shrill, but musical, notes.
Hyloism \Hy"lo*ism\, n.
Same as {Hylotheism}.
Hyloist \Hy"lo*ist\, n. [Gr. ? wood, matter.]
Same as {Hylotheist}.
Hylopathism \Hy*lop"a*thism\, n. [Gr. ? matter + ?, ?, to
suffer.]
The doctrine that matter is sentient. --Krauth-Fleming.
Hylopathist \Hy*lop"a*thist\, n.
One who believes in hylopathism.
Hylophagous \Hy*loph"a*gous\, a. [Gr. ? wood + ? to eat.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Eating green shoots, as certain insects do.
Hylotheism \Hy"lo*the*ism\, n. [Gr. ? wood, matter + ? God.]
The doctrine of belief that matter is God, or that there is
no God except matter and the universe; pantheism. See
{Materialism}.
Hylotheist \Hy"lo*the*ist\, n.
One who believes in hylotheism.
Hylozoic \Hy`lo*zo"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to hylozoism.
Hylozoism \Hy`lo*zo"ism\, n. [Gr. ? wood, matter + ? life, fr. ?
to live: cf. F. hylozo["i]sme.]
The doctrine that matter possesses a species of life and
sensation, or that matter and life are inseparable. [R.]
--Cudworth.
Hylozoist \Hy`lo*zo"ist\, n.
A believer in hylozoism. --A. Tucker.
Hymar \Hy*mar"\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The wild ass of Persia.
Hymen \Hy"men\, n. [Gr. ? skin, membrane.] (Anat.)
A fold of muscous membrane often found at the orifice of the
vagina; the vaginal membrane.
Hymen \Hy"men\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.]
1. (Class Myth.) A fabulous deity; according to some, the son
of Apollo and Urania, according to others, of Bacchus and
Venus. He was the god of marriage, and presided over
nuptial solemnities.
Till Hymen brought his love-delighted hour, There
dwelt no joy in Eden's rosy bower. --Campbell.
2. Marriage; union as if by marriage.
Hymen of element and race. --Emerson.
Hymeneal \Hy`me*ne"al\, Hymenean \Hy`me*ne"an\, a. [L.
hymeneius, a., also Hymenaeus, n., Hymen, Gr. ? the wedding
song, also ? Hymen: cf. F. hym['e]n['e]al, hym['e]n['e]en.]
Of or pertaining to marriage; as, hymeneal rites. --Pope.
Hymeneal \Hy`me*ne"al\, Hymenean \Hy`me*ne"an\, n.
A marriage song. --Milton.
Hymenium \Hy*me"ni*um\, n.; pl. L. {Hymenia}, E. {Hymeniums}.
[NL., fr. Gr. ? a membrane.] (Bot.)
The spore-bearing surface of certain fungi, as that on the
gills of a mushroom.
Hymenogeny \Hy`me*nog"e*ny\, n. [Gr. ? a membrane + root of ? to
be born.]
The production of artificial membranes by contact of two
fluids, as albumin and fat, by which the globules of the
latter are surrounded by a thin film of the former.
Hymenomycetes \Hy`me*no*my*ce"tes\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a
membrane + ?, ?, a mushroom.] (Bot.)
One of the great divisions of fungi, containing those species
in which the hymenium is completely exposed. --M. J. Berkley.
Hymenophore \Hy*men"o*phore\, n. [Gr. ? a membrane + ? to bear.]
(Bot.)
That part of a fungus which is covered with the hymenium.
Hymenopter \Hy`me*nop"ter\, n. [Cf. F. hym['e]nopt[`e]re.]
(Zo["o]l.)
One of the Hymenoptera.
Hymenoptera \Hy`me*nop"te*ra\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?
membrane-winged; ? skin, membrane + ? wing.] (Zo["o]l.)
An extensive order of insects, including the bees, ants,
ichneumons, sawflies, etc.
Note: They have four membranous wings, with few
reticulations, and usually with a thickened, dark spot
on the front edge of the anterior wings. In most of the
species, the tongue, or lingua, is converted into an
organ for sucking honey, or other liquid food, and the
mandibles are adapted for biting or cutting. In one
large division ({Aculeata}), including the bees, wasps,
and ants, the females and workers usually have a sting,
which is only a modified ovipositor.
Hymenopteral \Hy`me*nop"ter*al\, Hymenopterous
\Hy`me*nop"ter*ous\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Like, or characteristic of, the Hymenoptera; pertaining to
the Hymenoptera.
Hymenopteran \Hy`me*nop"ter*an\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
One of the Hymenoptera.
Hymn \Hymn\, n. [OE. hympne, ympne, F. hymne, OF. also ymne, L.
hymnus, Gr. ?; perh. akin to ? web, ? to weave, and so to E.
weave.]
An ode or song of praise or adoration; especially, a
religious ode, a sacred lyric; a song of praise or
thankgiving intended to be used in religious service; as, the
Homeric hymns; Watts' hymns.
Admonishing one another in psalms and hymns. --Col.
iii. 16.
Where angels first should practice hymns, and string
Their tuneful harps. --Dryden.
{Hymn book}, a book containing a collection of hymns, as for
use in churches; a hymnal.
Hymn \Hymn\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hymned}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Hymning}.] [Cf. L. hymnire, Gr. ?.]
To praise in song; to worship or extol by singing hymns; to
sing.
To hymn the bright of the Lord. --Keble.
Their praise is hymned by loftier harps than mine.
--Byron.
Hymn \Hymn\, v. i.
To sing in praise or adoration. --Milton.
Hymnal \Hym"nal\, n.
A collection of hymns; a hymn book.
Hymnic \Hym"nic\, a. [Cf. F. hymnique.]
Relating to hymns, or sacred lyrics. --Donne.
Hymning \Hymn"ing\, a.
Praising with hymns; singing. ``The hymning choir.'' --G.
West.
Hymning \Hymn"ing\, n.
The singing of hymns. --Milton.
Hymnist \Hym"nist\, n.
A writer of hymns.
Hymnody \Hym"no*dy\, n. [Gr. ?; ? a hymn + ? a song, a singing.]
Hymns, considered collectively; hymnology.
Hymnographer \Hym*nog"ra*pher\, n.
1. One who writes on the subject of hymns.
2. A writer or composed of hymns.
Hymnography \Hym*nog"ra*phy\, n. [Gr. ? hymn + graphy.]
The art or act of composing hymns.
Hymnologist \Hym*nol"o*gist\, n.
A composer or compiler of hymns; one versed in hymnology.
--Busby.
Hymnology \Hym*nol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ? hymn + -logy: cf. F.
hymnologie.]
1. The hymns or sacred lyrics composed by authors of a
particular country or period; as, the hymnology of the
eighteenth century; also, the collective body of hymns
used by any particular church or religious body; as, the
Anglican hymnology.
2. A knowledge of hymns; a treatise on hymns.
Hympne \Hymp"ne\, n.
A hymn. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hyndreste \Hynd"reste\, a.
See {Hinderest}. [Obs.]
Hyne \Hyne\, n.
A servant. See {Hine}. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Hyo- \Hy"o-\ [See {Hyod}.]
A prexif used in anatomy, and generally denoting connection
with the hyoid bone or arch; as, hyoglossal, hyomandibular,
hyomental, etc.
Hyoganoidei \Hy`o*ga*noi"de*i\, n. pl. [NL. See {Hyo-}, and
{Canoidei}.] (Zo["o]l.)
A division of ganoid fishes, including the gar pikes and
bowfins. -- {Hy`o*ga"noid}, a.
Hyoglossal \Hy`o*glos"sal\, a. [Hyo- + Gr. ? tongue.] (Anat.)
(a) Pertaining to or connecting the tongue and hyodean arch;
as, the hyoglossal membrane.
(b) Of or pertaining to the hyoglossus muscle.
Hyoglossus \Hy`o*glos"sus\, n. [NL., fr. hyo- hyo- + Gr. glw^ssa
tongue.] (Anat.)
A flat muscle on either side of the tongue, connecting it
with the hyoid bone.
Hyoid \Hy"oid\, a. [Gr. ? fr. the letter [Upsilon] + ? form: cf.
F. hyo["i]de.]
1. Having the form of an arch, or of the Greek letter upsilon
[[Upsilon]].
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the bony or cartilaginous arch
which supports the tongue. Sometimes applied to the tongue
itself.
{Hyoid arch} (Anat.), the arch of cartilaginous or bony
segments, which connects the base of the tongue with
either side of the skull.
{Hyoid bone} (Anat.), the bone in the base of the tongue, the
middle part of the hyoid arch.
Hyoid \Hy"oid\, n.
The hyoid bone.
Hyoideal \Hy*oid"e*al\, Hyoidean \Hy*oid"e*an\, a.
Same as {Hyoid}, a.
Hyomandibular \Hy`o*man*dib"u*lar\, a. [Hyo- + mandibular.]
(Anat.)
Pertaining both to the hyoidean arch and the mandible or
lower jaw; as, the hyomandibular bone or cartilage, a segment
of the hyoid arch which connects the lower jaw with the skull
in fishes. -- n. The hyomandibular bone or cartilage.
Hyomental \Hy`o*men"tal\, a. [Hyo- + mental of the chin.]
(Anat.)
Between the hyoid bone and the lower jaw, pertaining to them;
suprahyoid; submaxillary; as, the hyomental region of the
front of the neck.
Hyopastron \Hy`o*pas"tron\, n. [Hyo- + plastron.] (Zo["o]l.)
The second lateral plate in the plastron of turtles; --
called also {hyosternum}.
Hyoscine \Hy*os"cine\, n. [See {Hyoscyamus}.] (Chem.)
An alkaloid found with hyoscyamine (with which it is also
isomeric) in henbane, and extracted as a white, amorphous,
semisolid substance.
Hyoscyamine \Hy`os*cy"a*mine\, n. [See {Hyoscyamus}.] (Chem.)
An alkaloid found in henbane ({Hyoscyamus niger}), and
regarded as its active principle. It is also found with other
alkaloids in the thorn apple and deadly nightshade. It is
extracted as a white crystalline substance, with a sharp,
offensive taste. Hyoscyamine is isomeric with atropine, is
very poisonous, and is used as a medicine for neuralgia, like
belladonna. Called also {hyoscyamia}, {duboisine}, etc.
Hyoscyamus \Hy`os*cy"a*mus\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?; ? a sow, hog + ?
a bean.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of poisonous plants of the Nightshade
family; henbane.
2. (Med.) The leaves of the black henbane ({Hyoscyamus
niger}), used in neuralgic and pectorial troubles.
Hyosternal \Hy`o*ster"nal\, a. [Hyo- + ternal.] (Anat.)
(a) Between the hyoid bone and the sternum, or pertaining
to them; infrahyoid; as, the hyosternal region of the
neck.
(b) Pertaining to the hyosternum of turtles.
Hyosternum \Hy`o*ster"num\, n. [Hyo- + sternum.] (Anat.)
See {Hyoplastron}.
Hyostylic \Hy`o*styl"ic\, a. [Hyo- + Gr. ? a pillar.] (Anat.)
Having the mandible suspended by the hyomandibular, or upper
part of the hyoid arch, as in fishes, instead of directly
articulated with the skull as in mammals; -- said of the
skull.
Hyp \Hyp\, n.
An abbreviation of hypochonaria; -- usually in plural.
[Colloq.]
Heaven send thou hast not got the hyps. --Swift.
Hyp \Hyp\, v. t.
To make melancholy. [Colloq.] --W. Irving.
Hypaethral \Hy*p[ae]"thral\, Hypethral \Hy*pe"thral\, a. [L.
hypaethrus in the open air, uncovered, Gr. ?; ? under + ?
ether, the clear sky.] (Arch.)
Exposed to the air; wanting a roof; -- applied to a building
or part of a building. --Gwilt.
Hypallage \Hy*pal"la*ge\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, prop., interchange,
exchange, fr, ? to interchange; ? under + ? to change.]
(Gram.)
A figure consisting of a transference of attributes from
their proper subjects to other. Thus Virgil says, ``dare
classibus austros,'' to give the winds to the fleets, instead
of dare classibus austris, to give the fleets to the winds.
The hypallage, of which Virgil is fonder than any other
writer, is much the gravest fault in language.
--Landor.
Hypanthium \Hy*pan"thi*um\, n.; pl. L. {Hypanthia}, E.
{Hypanthiums}. [NL., fr. Gr. "ypo beneath + 'a`nqos flower.]
(Bot.)
A fruit consisting in large part of a receptacle, enlarged
below the calyx, as in the {Calycanthus}, the rose hip, and
the pear.
Hypapophysis \Hy`pa*poph"y*sis\, n.; pl. {Hypapophyles}. [NL.
See {Hypo-}, and {Apophysis}.] (Anat.)
A process, or other element, of a vertebra developed from the
ventral side of the centrum, as h[ae]mal spines, and chevron
bones. -- {Hy`pa*po*phys"i*al}, a.
Hyparterial \Hy`par*te"ri*al\, a. [Hypo- + arterial.] (Anat.)
Situated below an artery; applied esp. to the branches of the
bronchi given off below the point where the pulmonary artery
crosses the bronchus.
Hypaspist \Hy*pas"pist\, n. [Gr. ?.] (Gr. Antiq.)
A shield-bearer or armor-bearer. --Mitford.
Hypaxial \Hy*pax"i*al\, a. [Hypo- + axial.] (Anat.)
Beneath the axis of the skeleton; subvertebral; hyposkeletal.
Hyper- \Hy"per-\ [Gr. "ype`r over, above; akin to L. super, E.
over. See {Over}, and cf. {Super-}.]
1. A prefix signifying over, above; as, hyperphysical,
hyperthyrion; also, above measure, abnormally great,
excessive; as, hyper[ae]mia, hyperbola, hypercritical,
hypersecretion.
2. (Chem.) A prefix equivalent to super- or per-; as
hyperoxide, or peroxide. [Obs.] See {Per-}.
Hyperaemia \Hy`per*[ae]"mi*a\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r over +
a"i^ma blood.] (Med.)
A superabundance or congestion of blood in an organ or part
of the body.
{Active hyper[ae]mia}, congestion due to increased flow of
blood to a part.
{Passive hyper[ae]mia}, interchange due to obstruction in the
return of blood from a part. -- {Hy`per*[ae]"mic}, a.
Hyperaesthesia \Hy`per*[ae]s*the"si*a\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r
over + ? sense, perception.] (Med. & Physiol.)
A state of exalted or morbidly increased sensibility of the
body, or of a part of it. -- {Hy`per*[ae]s*thet"ic}, a.
Hyperapophysis \Hy`per*a*poph"y*sis\, n.; pl. {Hyperapophyses}.
[NL. See {Hyper-}, and {Apophysis}.] (Anat.)
A lateral and backward-projecting process on the dorsal side
of a vertebra. -- {Hy`per*ap`o*phys"i*al}, a.
Hyperaspist \Hy`per*as"pist\, n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to cover with a
shield; "ype`r over + ? shield.]
One who holds a shield over another; hence, a defender.
[Obs.] --Chillingworth.
Hyperbatic \Hy`per*bat"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to an hyperbaton; transposed; inverted.
Hyperbaton \Hy*per"ba*ton\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? transposed,
fr. ? to step over; "ype`r over + ? to step.] (Gram.)
A figurative construction, changing or inverting the natural
order of words or clauses; as, ``echoed the hills'' for ``the
hills echoed.''
With a violent hyperbaton to transpose the text.
--Milton.
Hyperbola \Hy*per"bo*la\, n. [Gr. ?, prop., an overshooting,
excess, i. e., of the angle which the cutting plane makes
with the base. See {Hyperbole}.] (Geom.)
A curve formed by a section of a cone, when the cutting plane
makes a greater angle with the base than the side of the cone
makes. It is a plane curve such that the difference of the
distances from any point of it to two fixed points, called
foci, is equal to a given distance. See {Focus}. If the
cutting plane be produced so as to cut the opposite cone,
another curve will be formed, which is also an hyperbola.
Both curves are regarded as branches of the same hyperbola.
See Illust. of Conic section, and {Focus}.
Hyperbole \Hy*per"bo*le\, n. [L., fr. Gr?, prop., an
overshooting, excess, fr. Gr. ? to throw over or beyond;
"ype`r over + ? to throw. See {Hyper-}, {Parable}, and cf.
{Hyperbola}.] (Rhet.)
A figure of speech in which the expression is an evident
exaggeration of the meaning intended to be conveyed, or by
which things are represented as much greater or less, better
or worse, than they really are; a statement exaggerated
fancifully, through excitement, or for effect.
Our common forms of compliment are almost all of them
extravagant hyperboles. --Blair.
Somebody has said of the boldest figure in rhetoric,
the hyperbole, that it lies without deceiving.
--Macaulay.
Hyperbolic \Hy`per*bol"ic\, Hyperbolical \Hy`per*bol"ic*al\, a.
[L. hyperbolicus, Gr. ?: cf. F. hyperbolique.]
1. (Math.) Belonging to the hyperbola; having the nature of
the hyperbola.
2. (Rhet.) Relating to, containing, or of the nature of,
hyperbole; exaggerating or diminishing beyond the fact;
exceeding the truth; as, an hyperbolical expression.
``This hyperbolical epitaph.'' --Fuller.
{Hyperbolic functions} (Math.), certain functions which have
relations to the hyperbola corresponding to those which
sines, cosines, tangents, etc., have to the circle; and
hence, called {hyperbolic sines}, {hyperbolic cosines},
etc.
{Hyperbolic logarithm}. See {Logarithm}.
{Hyperbolic spiral} (Math.), a spiral curve, the law of which
is, that the distance from the pole to the generating
point varies inversely as the angle swept over by the
radius vector.
Hyperbolically \Hy`per*bol"ic*al*ly\, adv.
1. (Math.) In the form of an hyperbola.
2. (Rhet.) With exaggeration; in a manner to express more or
less than the truth. --Sir W. Raleigh.
Hyperboliform \Hy`per*bol"i*form\, a. [Hyperbola + -form.]
Having the form, or nearly the form, of an hyperbola.
Hyperbolism \Hy*per"bo*lism\, n. [Cf. F. hyperbolisme.]
The use of hyperbole. --Jefferson.
Hyperbolist \Hy*per"bo*list\, n.
One who uses hyperboles.
Hyperbolize \Hy*per"bo*lize\, v. i. [imp. & p. p.
{Hyperbolized}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Hyperbolizing}.] [Cf. F.
hyperboliser.]
To speak or write with exaggeration. --Bp. Montagu.
Hyperbolize \Hy*per"bo*lize\, v. t.
To state or represent hyperbolically. --Fotherby.
Hyperboloid \Hy*per"bo*loid\, n. [Hyperbola + -oid: cf. F.
hyperbolo["i]de.] (Geom.)
A surface of the second order, which is cut by certain planes
in hyperbolas; also, the solid, bounded in part by such a
surface.
{Hyperboloid of revolution}, an hyperboloid described by an
hyperbola revolving about one of its axes. The surface has
two separate sheets when the axis of revolution is the
transverse axis, but only one when the axis of revolution
is the conjugate axis of the hyperbola.
Hyperboloid \Hy*per"bo*loid\, a. (Geom.)
Having some property that belongs to an hyperboloid or
hyperbola.
Hyperborean \Hy`per*bo"re*an\, a. [L. hyperboreus, Gr. ?; "ype`r
over, beyond + ?. See {Boreas}.]
1. (Greek Myth.) Of or pertaining to the region beyond the
North wind, or to its inhabitants.
2. Northern; belonging to, or inhabiting, a region in very
far north; most northern; hence, very cold; fright, as, a
hyperborean coast or atmosphere.
The hyperborean or frozen sea. --C. Butler
(1633).
Hyperborean \Hy`per*bo"re*an\, n.
1. (Greek Myth.) One of the people who lived beyond the North
wind, in a land of perpetual sunshine.
2. An inhabitant of the most northern regions.
Hypercarbureted \Hy`per*car"bu*ret`ed\, a. (Chem.)
Having an excessive proportion of carbonic acid; -- said of
bicarbonates or acid carbonates. [Written also
{hypercarburetted}.]
Hypercatalectic \Hy`per*cat`a*lec"tic\, a. [L.
hypercatalecticus, hypercatalectus, Gr. ?: cf. F.
hypercatalectique. See {Hyper-}, and {Catalectic}.] (Pros.)
Having a syllable or two beyond measure; as, a
hypercatalectic verse.
Hyperchloric \Hy`per*chlo"ric\, a. (Chem.)
See {Perchloric}.
Hyperchromatism \Hy`per*chro"ma*tism\, n.
The condition of having an unusual intensity of color.
Hypercritic \Hy`per*crit"ic\, n. [Pref. hyper- + critic: cf. F.
hypercritique.]
One who is critical beyond measure or reason; a carping
critic; a captious censor. ``Hypercritics in English
poetry.'' --Dryden.
Hypercritic \Hy`per*crit"ic\, a.
Hypercritical.
Hypercritical \Hy`per*crit"ic*al\, a.
1. Over critical; unreasonably or unjustly critical; carping;
captious. ``Hypercritical readers.'' --Swift.
2. Excessively nice or exact. --Evelyn.
Hypercritically \Hy`per*crit"ic*al*ly\, adv.
In a hypercritical manner.
Hypercriticise \Hy`per*crit"i*cise\, v. t.
To criticise with unjust severity; to criticise captiously.
Hypercriticism \Hy`per*crit"i*cism\, n.
Excessive criticism, or unjust severity or rigor of
criticism; zoilism.
Hyperdicrotic \Hy`per*di*crot"ic\, a. (Physiol.)
Excessive dicrotic; as, a hyperdicrotic pulse.
Hyperdicrotism \Hy`per*di"cro*tism\, n. (Physiol.)
A hyperdicrotic condition.
Hyperdicrotous \Hy`per*di"cro*tous\, a. (Physiol.)
Hyperdicrotic.
Hyperdulia \Hy`per*du*li"a\, n. [Pref. hyper- + dulia: cf. F.
hyperdulie.] (R. C. Ch.)
Veneration or worship given to the Virgin Mary as the most
exalted of mere creatures; higher veneration than dulia.
--Addis & Arnold.
Hyperduly \Hy"per*du`ly\, n.
Hyperdulia. [Obs.]
Hyperesthesia \Hy`per*es*the"si*a\, n.
Same as {Hyper[ae]sthesia}.
Hypericum \Hy*per"i*cum\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, ?; ? under, among +
?, ?, heath, heather.] (Bot.)
A genus of plants, generally with dotted leaves and yellow
flowers; -- called also {St. John's-wort}.
Hyperinosis \Hy`per*i*no"sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r over + ?,
?, strength, fiber.] (Med.)
A condition of the blood, characterized by an abnormally
large amount of fibrin, as in many inflammatory diseases.
Hyperion \Hy*pe"ri*on\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] (Class Myth.)
The god of the sun; in the later mythology identified with
Apollo, and distinguished for his beauty.
So excellent a king; that was, to this, Hyperion to a
satyr. --Shak.
Hyperkinesis \Hy`per*ki*ne"sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r over +
? motion.] (Med.)
Abnormally increased muscular movement; spasm.
Hyperkinetic \Hy`per*ki*net"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to hyperkinesis.
Hypermetamorphosis \Hy`per*met`a*mor"pho*sis\, n. [Hyper- +
metamorphosis.] (Zo["o]l.)
A kind of metamorphosis, in certain insects, in which the
larva itself undergoes remarkable changes of form and
structure during its growth.
Hypermeter \Hy*per"me*ter\, n. [Gr. ? beyond all measure; "ype`r
over, beyond + ? measure: cf. F. hyperm[`e]tre.]
1. (Pros.) A verse which has a redundant syllable or foot; a
hypercatalectic verse.
2. Hence, anything exceeding the ordinary standard.
When a man rises beyond six foot, he is an
hypermeter. --Addison.
Hypermetrical \Hy`per*met"ric*al\, a.
Having a redundant syllable; exceeding the common measure.
{Hypermetrical verse} (Gr. & Lat. Pros.), a verse which
contains a syllable more than the ordinary measure.
Hypermetropia \Hy`per*me*tro"pi*a\, Hypermetropy
\Hy`per*met"ro*py\, n. [NL. hypermetropia, fr. Gr. ? excessive +
?, ?, the eye. See {Hypermeter}.]
A condition of the eye in which, through shortness of the
eyeball or fault of the refractive media, the rays of light
come to a focus behind the retina; farsightedness; -- called
also {hyperopia}. Cf. {Emmetropia}.
Note: In hypermetropia, vision for distant objects, although
not better absolutely, is better than that for near
objects, and hence, the individual is said to be
farsighted. It is corrected by the use of convex
glasses. -- {Hy`per*me*trop"ic}, a.
Hypermyriorama \Hy`per*myr`i*o*ra"ma\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? beyond
+ ? countless + ? view.]
A show or exhibition having a great number of scenes or
views.
Hyperoartia \Hy`per*o*ar"ti*a\, n. pl. [NL.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of marsipobranchs including the lampreys. The
suckerlike moth contains numerous teeth; the nasal opening is
in the middle of the head above, but it does not connect with
the mouth. See {Cyclostoma}, and {Lamprey}.
Hyperopia \Hy`per*o"pi*a\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r over + ?, ?,
the eye.]
Hypermetropia. -- {Hy`per*op"tic}, a.
Hyperorganic \Hy`per*or*gan"ic\, a. [Pref. hyper- + organic.]
Higher than, or beyond the sphere of, the organic. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
Hyperorthodoxy \Hy`per*or"tho*dox`y\, n.
Orthodoxy pushed to excess.
Hyperotreta \Hy`per*o*tre"ta\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? the plate
+ ? perforated.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of marsipobranchs, including the Myxine or hagfish
and the genus {Bdellostoma}. They have barbels around the
mouth, one tooth on the plate, and a communication between
the nasal aperture and the throat. See {Hagfish}. [Written
also {Hyperotreti}.]
Hyperoxide \Hy`per*ox"ide\, n. (Chem.)
A compound having a relatively large percentage of oxygen; a
peroxide. [Obs.]
Hyperoxygenated \Hy`per*ox"y*gen*a`ted\, Hyperoxygenized
\Hy`per*ox"y*gen*ized\, a. (Chem.)
Combined with a relatively large amount of oxygen; -- said of
higher oxides. [Obs.]
Hyperoxymuriate \Hy`per*ox`y*mu"ri*ate\, n. (Chem.)
A perchlorate. [Obs.]
Hyperoxymuriatic \Hy`per*ox`y*mu`ri*at"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Perchloric; as, hyperoxymuriatic acid. [Obs.]
Hyperphysical \Hy`per*phys"ic*al\, a.
Above or transcending physical laws; supernatural.
Those who do not fly to some hyperphysical hypothesis.
--Sir W.
Hamilton.
Hyperplasia \Hy`per*pla"si*a\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r over + ?
conformation, fr. ? to mold.] (Med. & Biol.)
An increase in, or excessive growth of, the normal elements
of any part.
Note: Hyperplasia relates to the formation of new elements,
hypertrophy being an increase in bulk of preexisting
normal elements. --Dunglison.
Hyperplastic \Hy`per*plas"tic\, a.
1. Of or pertaining to hyperplasia.
2. (Biol.) Tending to excess of formative action.
Hypernoea \Hy`per*n[oe]"a\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r over + ?, ?,
breath.] (Physiol.)
Abnormal breathing, due to slightly deficient arterialization
of the blood; -- in distinction from eupn[oe]a. See
{Eupn[oe]a}, and {Dispn[oe]a}.
Hyperpyrexia \Hy`per*py*rex"i*a\, n. [NL. See {Hyper-}, and
{Pyrexia}.] (Med.)
A condition of excessive fever; an elevation of temperature
in a disease, in excess of the limit usually observed in that
disease.
Hypersecretion \Hy`per*se*cre"tion\, n. (Med.)
Morbid or excessive secretion, as in catarrh.
Hypersensibility \Hy`per*sen`si*bil"i*ty\, n.
See {Hyper[ae]sthesia}.
Hyperspace \Hy"per*space\, n. [Pref. hyper- + space.] (Geom.)
An imagined space having more than three dimensions.
Hypersthene \Hy"per*sthene\, n. [Gr. "ype`r over + ? strength:
cf. F. hyperst[`e]ne.] (Min.)
An orthorhombic mineral of the pyroxene group, of a grayish
or greenish black color, often with a peculiar bronzelike
luster (schiller) on the cleavage surface.
Hypersthenic \Hy`per*sthen"ic\, a. (Min.)
Composed of, or containing, hypersthene.
Hyperthetical \Hy`per*thet"ic*al\, a. [Gr. ?; "ype`r over + ? to
place.]
Exaggerated; excessive; hyperbolical. [Obs.]
Hyperthetical or superlative . . . expression.
--Chapman.
Hyperthyrion \Hy`per*thyr"i*on\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?; "ype`r over
+ ? door.] (Arch.)
That part of the architrave which is over a door or window.
Hypertrophic \Hy`per*troph"ic\, Hypertrophical
\Hy`per*troph"ic*al\, a. [Cf. F. hypertrophique.] (Med. & Biol.)
Of or pertaining to hypertrophy; affected with, or tending
to, hypertrophy.
Hypertrophied \Hy*per"tro*phied\, a. (Med. & Biol.)
Excessively developed; characterized by hypertrophy.
Hypertrophy \Hy*per"tro*phy\, n. [Gr. "ype`r over, beyond + ?
nourishment, fr. ? to nourish: cf. F. hypertrophie.] (Med. &
Biol.)
A condition of overgrowth or excessive development of an
organ or part; -- the opposite of {atrophy}.
Hyphae \Hy"ph[ae]\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "yfh` a web.] (Bot.)
The long, branching filaments of which the mycelium (and the
greater part of the plant) of a fungus is formed. They are
also found enveloping the gonidia of lichens, making up a
large part of their structure.
Hyphen \Hy"phen\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? under one, into one,
together, fr. ? under + ?, neut. of ? one. See {Hypo-}.]
(Print.)
A mark or short dash, thus [-], placed at the end of a line
which terminates with a syllable of a word, the remainder of
which is carried to the next line; or between the parts of
many a compound word; as in fine-leaved, clear-headed. It is
also sometimes used to separate the syllables of words.
Hyphen \Hy"phen\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hyphened}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Hyphening}.]
To connect with, or separate by, a hyphen, as two words or
the parts of a word.
Hyphenated \Hy"phen*a`ted\, a.
United by hyphens; hyphened; as, a hyphenated or hyphened
word.
Hyphomycetes \Hy`pho*my*ce"tes\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a web +
?, ?, a mushroom.] (Bot.)
One of the great division of fungi, containing those species
which have naked spores borne on free or only fasciculate
threads. --M. J. Berkley.
Hypidiomorphic \Hy*pid`i*o*mor"phic\, a. [Pref. hypo- +
idiomorphic.] (Crystallog.)
Partly idiomorphic; -- said of rock a portion only of whose
constituents have a distinct crystalline form. --
{Hy*pid`i*o*mor"phic*al*ly}, adv.
Hypinosis \Hyp`i*no"sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? under + ?, ?
strength, fiber.] (Med.)
A diminution in the normal amount of fibrin present in the
blood.
Hypnagogic \Hyp`na*gog"ic\, a. [Gr. ? sleep + ? a carrying
away.]
Leading to sleep; -- applied to the illusions of one who is
half asleep.
Hypnobate \Hyp"no*bate\, n. [F., fr. Gr. ? sleep + ? to go.]
A somnambulist. [R.]
Hypnocyst \Hyp"no*cyst\, n. [Gr. ? sleep + E. cyst.] (Biol.)
A cyst in which some unicellular organisms temporarily
inclose themselves, from which they emerge unchanged, after a
period of drought or deficiency of food. In some instances, a
process of spore formation seems to occur within such cysts.
Hypnogenic \Hyp`no*gen"ic\, a. [Gr. ? sleep + root of ? to be
born.] (Physiol.)
Relating to the production of hypnotic sleep; as, the
so-called hypnogenic pressure points, pressure upon which is
said to cause an attack of hypnotic sleep. --De Watteville.
Hypnologist \Hyp*nol"o*gist\, n.
One who is versed in hypnology.
Hypnology \Hyp*nol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ? sleep + -logy.]
A treatise on sleep; the doctrine of sleep.
Hypnosis \Hyp*no"sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? sleep.] (Med.)
Supervention of sleep.
Hypnotic \Hyp*not"ic\, a. [Gr. ? inclined to sleep, putting to
sleep, fr. ? to lull to sleep, fr. ? sleep; akin to L.
somnus, and E. somnolent: cf. F. hypnotique.]
1. Having the quality of producing sleep; tending to produce
sleep; soporific.
2. Of or pertaining to hypnotism; in a state of hypnotism;
liable to hypnotism; as, a hypnotic condition.
Hypnotic \Hyp*not"ic\, n.
1. Any agent that produces, or tends to produce, sleep; an
opiate; a soporific; a narcotic.
2. A person who exhibits the phenomena of, or is subject to,
hypnotism.
Hypnotism \Hyp"no*tism\, n. [Gr. ? sleep: cf. F. hypnotisme.]
A form of sleep or somnambulism brought on by artificial
means, in which there is an unusual suspension of some
powers, and an unusual activity of others. It is induced by
an action upon the nerves, through the medium of the senses,
as in persons of very feeble organization, by gazing steadly
at a very bright object held before the eyes, or by pressure
upon certain points of the surface of the body.
Hypnotization \Hyp`no*ti*za"tion\, n.
The act or process of producing hypnotism.
Hypnotize \Hyp"no*tize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Hypnotized}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Hypnotizing}.]
To induce hypnotism in; to place in a state of hypnotism.
Hypnotizer \Hyp"no*ti`zer\, n.
One who hypnotizes.
Hypnum \Hyp"num\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? moss.] (Bot.)
The largest genus of true mosses; feather moss.
Hypo- \Hy"po-\ [Gr. ? under, beneath; akin to L. sub. See
{Sub-}.]
1. A prefix signifying a less quantity, or a low state or
degree, of that denoted by the word with which it is
joined, or position under or beneath.
2. (Chem.) A prefix denoting that the element to the name of
which it is prefixed enters with a low valence, or in a
low state of oxidization, usually the lowest, into the
compounds indicated; as, hyposulphurous acid.
Hypo \Hy"po\, n.
Hypochondria. [Colloq.]
Hypo \Hy"po\, n. [Abbrev. from hyposulphite.] (Photog.)
Sodium hyposulphite, or thiosulphate, a solution of which is
used as a bath to wash out the unchanged silver salts in a
picture. [Colloq.]
Hypoarian \Hy`po*a"ri*an\, a. (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to a hypoarion.
Hypoarion \Hy`po*a"ri*on\, n.; pl. {Hypoaria}. [NL., fr. Gr.
"ypo` beneath + ? a little egg.] (Anat.)
An oval lobe beneath each of the optic lobes in many fishes;
one of the inferior lobes. --Owen.
Hypoblast \Hy"po*blast\, n. [Pref. hypo- + -blast.] (Biol.)
The inner or lower layer of the blastoderm; -- called also
{endoderm}, {entoderm}, and sometimes {hypoderm}. See Illust.
of {Blastoderm}, {Delamination}, and {Ectoderm}.
Hypoblastic \Hy`po*blas"tic\, a. (Biol.)
Relating to, or connected with, the hypoblast; as, the hypoic
sac.
Hypobole \Hy*pob"o*le\, n. [Gr. ? a throwing under, a
suggesting; ? under + ? to throw.] (Rhet.)
A figure in which several things are mentioned that seem to
make against the argument, or in favor of the opposite side,
each of them being refuted in order.
Hypobranchial \Hy`po*bran"chi*al\, a. [Pref. hypo- + branchial.]
(Anat.)
Pertaining to the segment between the basibranchial and the
ceratobranchial in a branchial arch. -- n. A hypobranchial
bone or cartilage.
Hypocarp \Hy"po*carp\, Hypocarpium \Hy`po*car"pi*um\, n. [NL.
hypocarpium, fr. Gr. "ypo` beneath + ? fruit.] (Bot.)
A fleshy enlargement of the receptacle, or for the stem,
below the proper fruit, as in the cashew. See Illust. of
{Cashew}.
Hypocarpogean \Hy`po*car`po*ge"an\, a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. ?
fruit + ? earth.] (Bot.)
Producing fruit below the ground.
Hypocaust \Hyp"o*caust\, n. [L. hypocaustum, Gr. ?; ? under + ?
to burn: cf. F. hypocauste.] (Anc. Arch.)
A furnace, esp. one connected with a series of small chambers
and flues of tiles or other masonry through which the heat of
a fire was distributed to rooms above. This contrivance,
first used in bath, was afterwards adopted in private houses.
Hypochlorite \Hy`po*chlo"rite\, n. (Chem.)
A salt of hypochlorous acid; as, a calcium hypochloride.
Hypochlorous \Hy`po*chlo"rous\, a. [Pref. hypo- + chlorous.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, chlorine having a valence
lower than in chlorous compounds.
{Hypochlorous acid} (Chem.), an acid derived from chlorine,
not known in a pure state, but forming various salts,
called hypochlorites.
Hypochondres \Hy`po*chon"dres\, n. pl. [F. hypocondres, formerly
spely hypochondres.]
The hypochondriac regions. See {Hypochondrium}.
Hypochondria \Hy`po*chon"dri*a\, n. [NL.] (Med.)
Hypochondriasis; melancholy; the blues.
Hypochondriac \Hy`po*chon"dri*ac\, a. [Gr. ? affocated in the
hypochondrium: cf. F. hypocondriaque, formerly spelt
hypochondriaque.]
1. Of or pertaining to hypochondria, or the hypochondriac
regions.
2. Affected, characterized, or produced, by hypochondriasis.
{Hypochondriac region} (Anat.), a region on either side of
the abdomen beneath the cartilages of the false ribs,
beside the epigastric, and above the lumbar, region.
Hypochondriac \Hy`po*chon"dri*ac\, n.
A person affected with hypochondriasis.
He had become an incurable hypochondriac. --Macaulay.
Hypochondriacal \Hy`po*chon"dri*a*cal\, a.
Same as {Hypochondriac}, 2. -- {Hy`po*chon"dri*a*cal*ly},
adv.
Hypochondriacism \Hy`po*chon"dri*a*cism\, n. (Med.)
Hypochondriasis. [R.]
Hypochondriasis \Hy`po*chon"dri*a*sis\, n. [NL. So named because
supposed to have its seat in the hypochondriac regions. See
{Hypochondriac}, {Hypochondrium}, and cf. {Hyp}, 1st {Hypo}.]
(Med.)
A mental disorder in which melancholy and gloomy views
torment the affected person, particularly concerning his own
health.
Hypochondriasm \Hy`po*chon"dri*asm\, n. (Med.)
Hypochondriasis. [R.]
Hypochondrium \Hy`po*chon"dri*um\, n.; pl. L. {Hypochondria}, E.
{Hypochondriums}. [L., fr. Gr. ?, from ? under the cartilage
of the breastbone; ? under + ? cartilage.] (Anat.)
Either of the hypochondriac regions.
Hypochondry \Hy`po*chon"dry\, n.
Hypochondriasis.
Hypocist \Hyp"o*cist\, n. [Gr. ? a plant growing on the roots of
the Cistus.]
An astringent inspissated juice obtained from the fruit of a
plant ({Cytinus hypocistis}), growing from the roots of the
{Cistus}, a small European shrub.
Hypocleidium \Hy`po*clei"di*um\, n.; pl. L. {Hypocleida}, E.
{Hypocleidiums}. [NL., fr. Gr. ? under + ? a little key.]
(Anat.)
A median process on the furculum, or merrythought, of many
birds, where it is connected with the sternum.
Hypocoristic \Hyp`o*co*ris"tic\, a. [Gr. ?; ? under + ? to
caress.]
Endearing; diminutive; as, the hypocoristic form of a name.
The hypocoristic or pet form of William. --Dr. Murray.
Hypocrateriform \Hyp`o*cra*ter"i*form\, a. [Pref. hypo- +
krath`r cup + -form.] (Bot.)
hypocraterimorphous; salver-shaped. --Wood.
Hypocraterimorphous \Hyp`o*cra*ter`i*mor"phous\, a. [Pref. hypo-
+ Gr. krath`r bowl + morfh` form.] (Bot.)
Salver-shaped; having a slender tube, expanding suddenly
above into a bowl-shaped or spreading border, as in the
blossom of the phlox and the lilac.
Hypocrisy \Hy*poc"ri*sy\ (h[i^]*p[o^]k"r[i^]*s[y^]), n.; pl.
{Hypocrisies} (-s[i^]z). [OE. hypocrisie, ypocrisie, OF.
hypocrisie, ypocrisie, F. hypocrisie, L. hypocrisis, fr. Gr.
"ypo`krisis the playing a part on the stage, simulation,
outward show, fr. "ypokr`nesqai to answer on the stage, to
play a part; "ypo` under + kri`nein to decide; in the middle
voice, to dispute, contend. See {Hypo-}, and {Critic}.]
The act or practice of a hypocrite; a feigning to be what one
is not, or to feel what one does not feel; a dissimulation,
or a concealment of one's real character, disposition, or
motives; especially, the assuming of false appearance of
virtue or religion; a simulation of goodness.
Hypocrisy is the necessary burden of villainy.
--Rambler.
Hypocrisy is the homage vice pays to virtue. --La
Rochefoucauld
(Trans. ).
Hypocrite \Hyp"o*crite\, n. [F., fr. L. hypocrita, Gr. ? one who
plays a part on the stage, a dissembler, feigner. See
{Hypocrisy}.]
One who plays a part; especially, one who, for the purpose of
winning approbation of favor, puts on a fair outside seeming;
one who feigns to be other and better than he is; a false
pretender to virtue or piety; one who simulates virtue or
piety.
The hypocrite's hope shall perish. --Job viii.
13.
I dare swear he is no hypocrite, but prays from his
heart. --Shak.
Syn: Deceiver; pretender; cheat. See {Dissembler}.
Hypocritely \Hyp"o*crite*ly\, adv.
Hypocritically. [R.] --Sylvester.
Hypocritic \Hyp`o*crit"ic\, a.
See {Hypocritical}. --Swift.
Hypocritical \Hyp`o*crit"ic*al\, a. [Gr. ?: cf. F.
hypocritique.]
Of or pertaining to a hypocrite, or to hypocrisy; as, a
hypocriticalperson; a hypocritical look; a hypocritical
action.
Hypocritical professions of friendship and of pacific
intentions were not spared. --Macaulay.
-- {Hyp`o*crit"ic*al*ly}, adv.
Hypocrystalline \Hyp`o*crys"tal*line\, a. [Pref. hypo- +
crystalline.] (Crystallog.)
Partly crystalline; -- said of rock which consists of
crystals imbedded in a glassy ground mass.
Hypocycloid \Hy`po*cy"cloid\, n. [Pref. hypo- + cycloid: cf. F.
hypocyclo["i]de.] (Geom.)
A curve traced by a point in the circumference of a circle
which rolls on the concave side in the fixed circle. Cf.
{Epicycloid}, and {Trochoid}.
Hypodactylum \Hyp`o*dac"ty*lum\, n.; pl. {-tyla}. [NL., fr. Gr.
"ypo` beneath + ? a finger, toe.] (Zo["o]l.)
The under side of the toes.
Hypoderm \Hyp"o*derm\, n. [Pref. hypo- + -derm.] (Biol.)
Same as {Hypoblast}.
Hypoderma \Hyp`o*der"ma\, n. [NL. See {Hypo}, and {derma}.]
1. (Bot.) A layer of tissue beneath the epidermis in plants,
and performing the physiological function of strengthening
the epidermal tissue. In phanerogamous plants it is
developed as collenchyma.
2. (Zo["o]l.) An inner cellular layer which lies beneath the
chitinous cuticle of arthropods, annelids, and some other
invertebrates.
Hypodermatic \Hyp`o*der*mat"ic\, a.
Hypodermic. -- {Hyp`o*der*mat"ic*al*ly}, adv.
Hypodermic \Hyp`o*der"mic\, a. [See {Hypoderma}.]
Of or pertaining to the parts under the skin.
{Hypodermic medication}, the application of remedies under
the epidermis, usually by means of a small syringe, called
the hypodermic syringe. -- {Hyp`o*der"mic*al*ly}, adv.
Hypodermis \Hyp`o*der"mis\, n. [NL. See {Hypo-}, and {Derma}.]
1. (Biol.) Same as {Hypoblast}.
2. (Zo["o]l.) Same as {Hypoderma}, 2.
Hypodicrotic \Hyp`o*di*crot"ic\, Hypodicrotous
\Hyp`o*di"cro*tous\, a. (Physiol.)
Exhibiting retarded dicrotism; as, a hypodicrotic pulse
curve.
Hypogaeic \Hyp`o*g[ae]"ic\, a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. gai^a, gh^,
earth.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or obtained from, the peanut, or earthnut
({Arachis hypog[ae]a}).
{Hypog[ae]ic acid} (Chem.), an acid in the oil of the
earthnut, in which it exists as a glyceride, and from
which it is extracted as a white, crystalline substance.
Hypogastric \Hyp`o*gas"tric\, a. [Cf. F. hypogastrique. See
{Hypogastrium}.] (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the hypogastrium or the hypogastric
region.
{Hypogastric region}.
(a) The lower part of the abdomen.
(b) An arbitrary division of the abdomen below the umbilical
and between the two iliac regions.
Hypogastrium \Hyp`o*gas"tri*um\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?; ? under + ?
belly.] (Anat.)
The lower part of the abdomen.
Hypogean \Hyp`o*ge"an\, a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. ? earth.] (Bot.)
Hypogeous. [Written also {hypog[ae]an}.]
Hypogene \Hyp"o*gene\, a. [Pref. hypo- + the root of Gr. ? to be
born: cf. F. hypog[`e]ne.] (Geol.)
Formed or crystallized at depths the earth's surface; -- said
of granite, gneiss, and other rocks, whose crystallization is
believed of have taken place beneath a great thickness of
overlying rocks. Opposed to epigene.
Hypogeous \Hyp`o*ge"ous\, a. [See {Hypogean}.] (Bot.)
Growing under ground; remaining under ground; ripening its
fruit under ground. [Written also {hypog[ae]ous}.]
Hypogeum \Hyp`o*ge"um\, n.; pl. {Hypogea}. [L., fr. Gr. ?, ?,
subterranean; ? under + ?, ?, the earth.] (Anc. Arch.)
The subterraneous portion of a building, as in amphitheaters,
for the service of the games; also, subterranean galleries,
as the catacombs.
Hypoglossal \Hyp`o*glos"sal\, a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. ? the
tongue.] (Anat.)
Under the tongue; -- applied esp., in the higher vertebrates,
to the twelfth or last pair of cranial nerves, which are
distributed to the base of the tongue. -- n. One of the
hypoglossal nerves.
Hypognatous \Hy*pog"na*tous\, a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. ? the jaw.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Having the maxilla, or lower jaw, longer than the upper, as
in the skimmer.
Hypogyn \Hyp"o*gyn\, n. (Bot.)
An hypogynous plant.
Hypogynous \Hy*pog"y*nous\, a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. ? woman,
female: cf. F. hypogyne.] (Bot.)
Inserted below the pistil or pistils; -- said of sepals,
petals, and stamens; having the sepals, petals, and stamens
inserted below the pistil; -- said of a flower or a plant.
--Gray.
Hypohyal \Hy`po*hy"al\, a. [Pref. hypo- + Greek letter ?.]
(Anat.)
Pertaining to one or more small elements in the hyoidean arch
of fishes, between the caratohyal and urohyal. -- n. One of
the hypohyal bones or cartilages.
Hyponastic \Hy`po*nas"tic\, a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. ? pressed
close.] (Bot.)
Exhibiting a downward convexity caused by unequal growth. Cf.
{Epinastic}.
Hyponasty \Hy`po*nas"ty\, n. (Bot.)
Downward convexity, or convexity of the inferior surface.
Hyponitrite \Hy`po*ni"trite\, n. (Chem.)
A salt of hyponitrous acid.
Hyponitrous \Hy`po*ni"trous\, a. [Pref. hypo- + nitrous.]
(Chem.)
Containing or derived from nitrogen having a lower valence
than in nitrous compounds.
{Hyponitrous acid} (Chem.), an unstable nitrogen acid, {NOH},
whose salts are produced by reduction of the nitrates,
although the acid itself is not isolated in the free state
except as a solution in water; -- called also {nitrosylic
acid}.
Hypopharynx \Hy`po*phar"ynx\, n. [NL. See {Hypo-}, and
{Pharynx}.] (Zo["o]l.)
An appendage or fold on the lower side of the pharynx, in
certain insects.
Hypophosphate \Hy`po*phos"phate\, n. (Chem.)
A salt of hypophosphoric acid.
Hypophosphite \Hy`po*phos"phite\, n. (Chem.)
A salt of hypophosphorous acid.
Hypophosphoric \Hy`po*phos*phor"ic\, a. [Pref. hypo- +
phosphoric.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, or containing, phosphorus in
a lower state of oxidation than in phosphoric compounds; as,
hypophosphoric acid.
{Hypophosphoric acid} (Chem.), an acid, {P2H4O6}, produced by
the slow oxidation of moist phosphorus, and isolated only
as a solution in water. It is regarded as a condensation
product of one molecule of phosphoric acid with one of
phosphorous acid, by partial dehydration.
Hypophosphorous \Hy`po*phos"phor*ous\, a. [Pref. hypo- +
phosphorous.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or containing, phosphorus in a lower state of
oxidation than in phosphoric compounds; as, hypophosphorous
acid.
{Hypophosphorous acid} (Chem.), an acid, {H3PO2}, whose salts
are produced by the action of barium hygrate on
phosphorus. It may be obtained from its water solution, by
exaporation and freezing, as a white crystalline
substance. It is a powerful reducing agent.
Hypophyllous \Hy*poph"yl*lous\, a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. ? leaf.]
(Bot.)
Being or growing on the under side of a leaf, as the fruit
dots of ferns.
Hypophysial \Hy`po*phys"i*al\, a. (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the hypophysis; pituitary.
Hypophysis \Hy*poph"y*sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? under + ? nature,
origin.]
1. (Anat.) See {Pituitary body}, under {Pituitary}.
2. (Med.) Cataract.
Hypoplastron \Hy`po*plas"tron\, n.; pl. {Hypoplastra}. [Pref.
hypo- + plastron.] (Anat.)
The third lateral plate in the plastron of turtles; -- called
also {hyposternum}.
Hypoptilum \Hy*pop"ti*lum\, n.; pl. L. {Hypoptila}, E.
{Hypoptilums}. [NL., fr. Gr. "ypo` beneath + ? down.]
(Zo["o]l.)
An accessory plume arising from the posterior side of the
stem of the contour feathers of many birds; -- called also
{aftershaft}. See Illust. of {Feather}.
Hyporadius \Hy`po*ra"di*us\, n.; pl. {Hyporadii}. [Pref. hypo- +
radius.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the barbs of the hypoptilum, or aftershaft of a
feather. See {Feather}.
Hyporhachis \Hy`po*rha"chis\, n.; pl. {Hyporhachides}. [NL., fr.
Gr. "ypo` beneath + ? spine.] (Zo["o]l.)
The stem of an aftershaft or hypoptilum. [Written also
{hyporachis}.]
Hyposkeletal \Hy`po*skel"e*tal\, a. [Pref. hypo- + skeletal.]
(Anat.)
Beneath the endoskeleton; hypaxial; as, the hyposkeletal
muscles; -- opposed to episkeletal.
Hypospadias \Hy`po*spa"di*as\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. "ypo` beneath +
spa`n to draw, tear.] (Med.)
A deformity of the penis, in which the urethra opens upon its
under surface.
Hypostasis \Hy*pos"ta*sis\, n.; pl. {Hypostases}. [L., fr. Gr. ?
subsistence, substance, fr. ? to stand under; ? under + ? to
stand, middle voice of ? to cause to stand. See {Hypo-}, and
{Stand}.]
1. That which forms the basis of anything; underlying
principle; a concept or mental entity conceived or treated
as an existing being or thing.
2. (Theol.) Substance; subsistence; essence; person;
personality; -- used by the early theologians to denote
any one of the three subdivisions of the Godhead, the
Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
Note: The Council of Alexandria (a. d. 362) defined
hypostasis as synonymous with person. --Schaff-Herzog.
3. Principle; an element; -- used by the alchemists in
speaking of salt, sulphur, and mercury, which they
considered as the three principles of all material bodies.
4. (Med.) That which is deposited at the bottom of a fluid;
sediment.
Hypostasize \Hy*pos"ta*size\, v. t.
To make into a distinct substance; to conceive or treat as an
existing being; to hypostatize. [R.]
The pressed Newtonians . . . refused to hypostasize the
law of gravitation into an ether. --Coleridge.
Hypostatic \Hy`po*stat"ic\, Hypostatical \Hy`po*stat"ic*al\, a.
[Gr. ?: cf. F. hypostatique.]
1. Relating to hypostasis, or substance; hence, constitutive,
or elementary.
The grand doctrine of the chymists, touching their
three hypostatical principles. --Boyle.
2. Personal, or distinctly personal; relating to the divine
hypostases, or substances. --Bp. Pearson.
3. (Med.) Depending upon, or due to, deposition or setting;
as, hypostatic cognestion, cognestion due to setting of
blood by gravitation.
{Hypostatic union} (Theol.), the union of the divine with the
human nature of Christ. --Tillotson.
Hypostatically \Hy`po*stat"ic*al*ly\, adv.
In a hypostatic manner.
Hypostatize \Hy*pos"ta*tize\, v. t.
1. To make into, or regarded as, a separate and distinct
substance.
Looked upon both species and genera as hypostatized
universals. --Pop. Sci.
Monthly.
2. To attribute actual or personal existence to. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
Hyposternum \Hy`po*ster"num\, n.; pl. L. {Hyposterna}, E.
{Hyposternums}. [Pref. hypo- + sternum.] (Anat.)
See {Hypoplastron}.
Hypostome \Hy"po*stome\, Hypostoma \Hy*pos"to*ma\, n. [NL.
hypostoma, fr. Gr. "ypo` beneath + ? mouth.] (Zo["o]l.)
The lower lip of trilobites, crustaceans, etc.
Hypostrophe \Hy*pos"tro*phe\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to turn
round or back; ? under + ? to turn.] (Med.)
(a) The act of a patient turning himself.
(b) A relapse, or return of a disease.
Hypostyle \Hy"po*style\, a. [Gr. ? resting on pillars; ? under +
? a pillar.] (Arch.)
Resting upon columns; constructed by means of columns; --
especially applied to the great hall at Karnak.
Hyposulphate \Hy`po*sul"phate\, n. (Chem.)
A salt of hyposulphuric acid.
Hyposulphite \Hy`po*sul"phite\, n. (Chem.)
(a) A salt of what was formerly called hyposulphurous acid; a
thiosulphate. [Obs.]
(b) A salt of hyposulphurous acid proper.
Hyposulphuric \Hy`po*sul*phur"ic\, a. [Pref. hypo- + sulphuric.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or containing, sulphur in a lower state of
oxidation than in the sulphuric compounds; as, hyposulphuric
acid.
{Hyposulphuric acid}, an acid, {H2S2O6}, obtained by the
action of manganese dioxide on sulphur dioxide, and known
only in a watery solution and in its salts; -- called also
{dithionic acid}. See {Dithionic}.
Hyposulphurous \Hy`po*sul"phur*ous\, a. [Pref. hypo- +
sulphurous.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or containing, sulphur, all, or a part, in a
low state of oxidation.
{Hyposulphurous acid}.
(a) Thiosulphuric acid. [Obs.]
(b) An acid, {H2SO2}, obtained by the reduction of sulphurous
acid. It is not obtained in the free state, but in an
orange-yellow water solution, which is a strong reducing
and bleaching agent. Called also {hydrosulphurous acid}.
Hypotarsus \Hy`po*tar"sus\, n.; pl. {Hypotarsi}. [NL. See
{Hypo-}, and {Tarsus}.] (Anat.)
A process on the posterior side of the tarsometatarsus of
many birds; the calcaneal process. -- {Hy`po*tar"sal}, a.
Hypotenuse \Hy*pot"e*nuse\, Hypothenuse \Hy*poth"e*nuse\, n. [L.
hypotenusa, Gr. ?, prob., subtending (sc. ?), fr. ? to
stretch under, subtend; ? under + ? to stretch. See
{Subtend}.] (Geom.)
The side of a right-angled triangle that is opposite to the
right angle.
Hypothec \Hy*poth"ec\, n. [F. hypoth[`e]que. See {Hypotheca}.]
(Scot. Law)
A landlord's right, independently of stipulation, over the
stocking (cattle, implements, etc.), and crops of his tenant,
as security for payment of rent.
Hypotheca \Hy`po*the"ca\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ? a thing subject to
some obligation, fr. ? to put under, put down, pledge. See
{Hypothesis}.] (Rom. Law)
An obligation by which property of a debtor was made over to
his creditor in security of his debt.
Note: It differed from pledge in regard to possession of the
property subject to the obligation; pledge requiring,
simple hypotheca not requiring, possession of it by the
creditor. The modern mortgage corresponds very closely
with it. --Kent.
Hypothecate \Hy*poth"e*cate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Hypothecated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Hypothecating}.] [LL.
hypothecatus, p. p. of hypothecare to pledge, fr. L.
hypotheca pledge, security. See {Hypotheca}.] (Law)
To subject, as property, to liability for a debt or
engagement without delivery of possession or transfer of
title; to pledge without delivery of possession; to mortgage,
as ships, or other personal property; to make a contract by
bottomry. See {Hypothecation}, {Bottomry}.
He had found the treasury empty and the pay of the navy
in arrear. He had no power to hypothecate any part of
the public revenue. Those who lent him money lent it on
no security but his bare word. --Macaulay.
Hypothecation \Hy*poth`e*ca"tion\, n. [LL. hypothecatio.]
1. (Civ. Law) The act or contract by which property is
hypothecated; a right which a creditor has in or to the
property of his debtor, in virtue of which he may cause it
to be sold and the price appropriated in payment of his
debt. This is a right in the thing, or jus in re.
--Pothier. B. R. Curtis.
There are but few cases, if any, in our law, where
an hypothecation, in the strict sense of the Roman
law, exists; that is a pledge without possession by
the pledgee. --Story.
Note: In the modern civil law, this contract has no
application to movable property, not even to ships, to
which and their cargoes it is most frequently applied
in England and America. See {Hypothecate}. --B. R.
Curtis. Domat.
2. (Law of Shipping) A contract whereby, in consideration of
money advanced for the necessities of the ship, the
vessel, freight, or cargo is made liable for its
repayment, provided the ship arrives in safety. It is
usually effected by a bottomry bond. See {Bottomry}.
Note: This term is often applied to mortgages of ships.
Hypothecator \Hy*poth"e*ca`tor\, n. (Law)
One who hypothecates or pledges anything as security for the
repayment of money borrowed.
Hypothenal \Hy*poth"e*nal\, Hypothenar \Hy*poth"e*nar\, a.
[Pref. hypo- + thenar.] (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the prominent part of the palm of the
hand above the base of the little finger, or a corresponding
part in the forefoot of an animal; as, the hypothenar
eminence.
Hypothenar \Hy*poth"e*nar\, n. (Anat.)
The hypothenar eminence.
Hypothenusal \Hy*poth`e*nu"sal\, a.
Of or pertaining to hypothenuse. [R.]
Hypothenuse \Hy*poth"e*nuse\, n.
Same as {Hypotenuse}.
Hypothesis \Hy*poth"e*sis\, n.; pl. {Hypotheses}. [NL., fr. Gr.
? foundation, supposition, fr. ? to place under, ? under + ?
to put. See {Hypo-}, {Thesis}.]
1. A supposition; a proposition or principle which is
supposed or taken for granted, in order to draw a
conclusion or inference for proof of the point in
question; something not proved, but assumed for the
purpose of argument, or to account for a fact or an
occurrence; as, the hypothesis that head winds detain an
overdue steamer.
An hypothesis being a mere supposition, there are no
other limits to hypotheses than those of the human
imagination. --J. S. Mill.
2. (Natural Science) A tentative theory or supposition
provisionally adopted to explain certain facts, and to
guide in the investigation of others; hence, frequently
called a working hypothesis.
Syn: Supposition; assumption. See {Theory}.
{Nebular hypothesis}. See under {Nebular}.
Hypothetic \Hy`po*thet"ic\, Hypothetical \Hy`po*thet"ic*al\, a.
[L. hypotheticus, Gr. ?: cf. F. hypoth['e]tique.]
Characterized by, or of the nature of, an hypothesis;
conditional; assumed without proof, for the purpose of
reasoning and deducing proof, or of accounting for some fact
or phenomenon.
Causes hypothetical at least, if not real, for the
various phenomena of the existence of which our
experience informs us. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
{Hypothetical baptism} (Ch. of Eng.), baptism administered to
persons in respect to whom it is doubtful whether they
have or have not been baptized before. --Hook. --
{Hy`po*thet"ic*al*ly}, adv. --South.
Hypothetist \Hy*poth"e*tist\, n.
One who proposes or supports an hypothesis. [R.]
Hypotrachelium \Hy`po*tra*che"li*um\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?; ? under
+ ? neck.] (Arch.)
Same as {Gorgerin}.
Hypotricha \Hy*pot"ri*cha\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "ypo` beneath +
?, ?, a hair.] (Zo["o]l.)
A division of ciliated Infusoria in which the cilia cover
only the under side of the body.
Hypotrochoid \Hy`po*tro"choid\, n. [Pref. hypo- + trochoid.]
(Geom.)
A curve, traced by a point in the radius, or radius produced,
of a circle which rolls upon the concave side of a fixed
circle. See {Hypocycloid}, {Epicycloid}, and {Trochoid}.
Hypotyposis \Hy`po*ty*po"sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to
sketch out; ? under + ? to impress.] (Rhet.)
A vivid, picturesque description of scenes or events.
Hypoxanthin \Hy`po*xan"thin\, n. [Pref. hypo- + xanthin.]
(Physiol. Chem.)
A crystalline, nitrogenous substance, closely related to
xanthin and uric acid, widely distributed through the animal
body, but especially in muscle tissue; -- called also
{sarcin}, {sarkin}.
Hypozoic \Hy`po*zo"ic\, a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. ? an animal.]
(Geol.)
Anterior in age to the lowest rocks which contain organic
remains. --Lyell.
Hyppish \Hyp"pish\, a. [From {Hyp}.]
Affected with hypochondria; hypped. [Written also {hyppish}.]
Hyppogriff \Hyp"po*griff\, n.
See {Hyppogriff}.
Hypsiloid \Hyp"si*loid\, a. [From [Upsilon], the Greek letter
called ``upsilon'' + -oid.] (Anat.)
Resembling the Greek letter [Upsilon] in form; hyoid.
Hypsometer \Hyp*som"e*ter\, n. [Gr. ? height + -meter.]
(Physics)
An instrument for measuring heights by observation of
barometric pressure; esp., one for determining heights by
ascertaining the boiling point of water. It consists of a
vessel for water, with a lamp for heating it, and an inclosed
thermometer for showing the temperature of ebullition.
Hypsometric \Hyp`so*met"ric\, Hypsometrical \Hyp`so*met"ric*al\,
a.
Of or pertaining to hypsometry.
Hypsometry \Hyp*som"e*try\, n.
That branch of the science of geodesy which has to do with
the measurement of heights, either absolutely with reference
to the sea level, or relatively.
Hypural \Hy*pu"ral\, a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. ? tail.] (Anat.)
Under the tail; -- applied to the bones which support the
caudal fin rays in most fishes.
Hyracoid \Hy"ra*coid\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of or pertaining to the Hyracoidea. -- n. One of the
Hyracoidea.
Hyracoidea \Hyr`a*coi"de*a\, n. pl. [NL. See {Hyrax}, and
{oid}.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of small hoofed mammals, comprising the single
living genus {Hyrax}.
Hyrax \Hy"rax\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? shrew mouse.] (Zo["o]l.)
Any animal of the genus {Hyrax}, of which about four species
are known. They constitute the order Hyracoidea. The best
known species are the daman ({H. Syriacus}) of Palestine, and
the klipdas ({H. capensis}) of South Africa. Other species
are {H. arboreus} and {H. Sylvestris}, the former from
Southern, and the latter from Western, Africa. See {Daman}.
Hyrcanian \Hyr*ca"ni*an\, Hyrcan \Hyr"can\, a.
Of or pertaining to Hyrcania, an ancient country or province
of Asia, southeast of the Caspian (which was also called the
Hyrcanian) Sea. ``The Hyrcan tiger.'' ``Hyrcanian deserts.''
--Shak.
Hyrse \Hyrse\, n. [G. hirse, OHG. hirsi.] (Bot.)
Millet.
Hyrst \Hyrst\, n.
A wood. See {Hurst}.
Hyson \Hy"son\, n. [Chin. hi-tshun, lit., first crop, or
blooming spring.]
A fragrant kind of green tea.
{Hyson skin}, the light and inferior leaves separated from
the hyson by a winnowing machine. --M`Culloch.
Hyssop \Hys"sop\, n. [OE. hysope, ysope, OF. ysope, F. hysope,
hyssope, L. hysopum, hyssopum, hyssopus, Gr. ?, ?, an
aromatic plant, fr. Heb. [=e]sov.]
A plant ({Hyssopus officinalis}). The leaves have an aromatic
smell, and a warm, pungent taste.
Note: The hyssop of Scripture is supposed to be a species of
caper ({Capparis spinosa}), but probably the name was
used for several different plants.
Hysteranthous \Hys`ter*an"thous\, a. [Gr. ? after + ? flower.]
(Bot.)
Having the leaves expand after the flowers have opened.
--Henslow.
Hysteresis \Hys`te*re"sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? to be behind, to
lag.] (Physics)
A lagging or retardation of the effect, when the forces
acting upon a body are changed, as if from velocity or
internal friction; a temporary resistance to change from a
condition previously induced, observed in magnetism,
thermoelectricity, etc., on reversal of polarity.
Hysteria \Hys*te"ri*a\, n. [NL.: cf. F. hyst['e]rie. See
{Hysteric}.] (Med.)
A nervous affection, occurring almost exclusively in women,
in which the emotional and reflex excitability is
exaggerated, and the will power correspondingly diminished,
so that the patient loses control over the emotions, becomes
the victim of imaginary sensations, and often falls into
paroxism or fits.
Note: The chief symptoms are convulsive, tossing movements of
the limbs and head, uncontrollable crying and laughing,
and a choking sensation as if a ball were lodged in the
throat. The affection presents the most varied
symptoms, often simulating those of the gravest
diseases, but generally curable by mental treatment
alone.
Hysteric \Hys*ter"ic\, Hysterical \Hys*ter"ic*al\, a. [L.
hystericus, Gr. ?, fr. "yste`ra the womb; perh. akin to ?
latter, later, and E. utter, out.]
Of or pertaining to hysteria; affected, or troubled, with
hysterics; convulsive, fitful.
With no hysteric weakness or feverish excitement, they
preserved their peace and patience. --Bancroft.
Hysterics \Hys*ter"ics\, n. pl. (Med.)
Hysteria.
Hysteroepilepsy \Hys`ter*o*ep"i*lep`sy\, n. [Hysteria +
epilepsy.] (Med.)
A disease resembling hysteria in its nature, and
characterized by the occurrence of epileptiform convulsions,
which can often be controlled or excited by pressure on the
ovaries, and upon other definite points in the body. --
{Hys`ter*o*ep`i*lep"tic}, a.
Hysterogenic \Hys`ter*o*gen"ic\, a. [Hysteria + root of Gr. ? to
be born.] (Physiol.)
Producing hysteria; as, the hysterogenicpressure points on
the surface of the body, pressure upon which is said both to
produce and arrest an attack of hysteria. --De Watteville.
Hysterology \Hys`ter*ol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ?; ? the latter + ?
discourse: cf. F. hyst['e]rologie.] (Rhet.)
A figure by which the ordinary course of thought is inverted
in expression, and the last put first; -- called also
{hysteron proteron}.
Hysteron proteron \Hys"te*ron prot"e*ron\ [NL., fr. Gr. ? the
latter, following + ? before, others, sooner.] (Rhet.)
(a) A figure in which the natural order of sense is reversed;
hysterology; as, valet atque vivit, ``he is well and
lives.''
(b) An inversion of logical order, in which the conclusion is
put before the premises, or the thing proved before the
evidence.
Hysterophyte \Hys*ter"o*phyte\, n. [Gr. ? following + ? plant.]
(Bot.)
A plant, like the fungus, which lives on dead or living
organic matter. -- {Hys`ter*oph"y*tal}, a.
Hysterotomy \Hys`ter*ot"o*my\, n. [Gr. "yste`ra womb + ? to cut:
cf. F. hyst['e]rotomie.] (Med.)
The C[ae]sarean section. See under {C[ae]sarean}.
Hystricine \Hys"tri*cine\, a. [See {Hystrix}.] (Zo["o]l.)
Like or pertaining to the porcupines.
Hystricomorphous \Hys`tri*co*mor"phous\, a. [Hystrix + Gr. ?
form.] (Zo["o]l.)
Like, or allied to, the porcupines; -- said of a group
({Hystricomorpha}) of rodents.
Hystrix \Hys"trix\, n. [Gr. ? porcupine.] (Zo["o]l.)
A genus of rodents, including the porcupine.
Hythe \Hythe\, n.
A small haven. See {Hithe}. [Obs.]