I \I\ ([imac]).
1. I, the ninth letter of the English alphabet, takes its
form from the Ph[oe]nician, through the Latin and the
Greek. The Ph[oe]nician letter was probably of Egyptian
origin. Its original value was nearly the same as that of
the Italian I, or long e as in mete. Etymologically I is
most closely related to e, y, j, g; as in dint, dent,
beverage, L. bibere; E. kin, AS. cynn; E. thin, AS.
[thorn]ynne; E. dominion, donjon, dungeon. In English I
has two principal vowel sounds: the long sound, as in
p[=i]ne, [=i]ce; and the short sound, as in p[i^]n. It has
also three other sounds: (a) That of e in term, as in
thirst. (b) That of e in mete (in words of foreign
origin), as in machine, pique, regime. (c) That of
consonant y (in many words in which it precedes another
vowel), as in bunion, million, filial, Christian, etc. It
enters into several digraphs, as in fail, field, seize,
feign. friend; and with o often forms a proper diphtong,
as in oil, join, coin. See Guide to Pronunciation,
[sect][sect] 98-106.
Note: The dot which we place over the small or lower case i
dates only from the 14th century. The sounds of I and J
were originally represented by the same character, and
even after the introduction of the form J into English
dictionaries, words containing these letters were, till
a comparatively recent time, classed together.
2. In our old authors, I was often used for ay (or aye), yes,
which is pronounced nearly like it.
3. As a numeral, I stands for 1, II for 2, etc.
I- \I-\, prefix.
See {Y-}.
I \I\ ([imac]), pron. [poss. {My} (m[imac]) or {Mine}
(m[imac]n); object. {Me} (m[=e]). pl. nom. {We} (w[=e]);
poss. {Our} (our) or {Ours} (ourz); object. {Us} ([u^]s).]
[OE. i, ich, ic, AS. ic; akin to OS. & D. ik, OHG. ih, G.
ich, Icel. ek, Dan. jeg, Sw. jag, Goth. ik, OSlav. az', Russ.
ia, W. i, L. ego, Gr. 'egw`, 'egw`n, Skr. aham. [root]179.
Cf. {Egoism}.]
The nominative case of the pronoun of the first person; the
word with which a speaker or writer denotes himself.
Iamatology \I*am`a*tol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, medicine + -logy.]
(Med.)
Materia Medica; that branch of therapeutics which treats of
remedies.
Iamb \I"amb\, n. [Cf. F. iambe. See {Lambus}.]
An iambus or iambic. [R.]
Iambic \I*am"bic\, a. [L. iambicus, Gr. ?: cf. F. iambique.]
1. (Pros.) Consisting of a short syllable followed by a long
one, or of an unaccented syllable followed by an accented;
as, an iambic foot.
2. Pertaining to, or composed of, iambics; as, an iambic
verse; iambic meter. See {Lambus}.
Iambic \I*am"bic\, n.
1. (Pros.)
(a) An iambic foot; an iambus.
(b) A verse composed of iambic feet.
Note: The following couplet consists of iambic verses.
Thy gen- | ius calls | thee not | to pur- | chase
fame In keen | iam- | bics, but | mild an- |
agram. --Dryden.
2. A satirical poem (such poems having been anciently written
in iambic verse); a satire; a lampoon.
Iambical \I*am"bic*al\, a.
Iambic. [Obs. or R.]
Iambically \I*am"bic*al*ly\, adv.
In a iambic manner; after the manner of iambics.
Iambize \I*am"bize\, v. t. [Gr. ?.]
To satirize in iambics; to lampoon. [R.]
Iambus \I*am"bus\, n.; pl. L. {Iambi}, E. {Iambuses}. [L.
iambus, Gr. ?; prob. akin to ? to throw, assail (the iambus
being first used in satiric poetry), and to L. jacere to
throw. Cf. {Jet} a shooting forth.] (Pros.)
A foot consisting of a short syllable followed by a long one,
as in [a^]m[=a]ns, or of an unaccented syllable followed by
an accented one, as invent; an iambic. See the Couplet under
{Iambic}, n.
Ianthina \I*an"thi*na\, n.; pl. L. {Ianthin[ae]}, E.
{Ianthinas}. [NL., fr. L. ianthinus violet-blue, Gr. ?; ?
violet + ? flower.] (Zo["o]l.)
Any gastropod of the genus {Ianthina}, of which various
species are found living in mid ocean; -- called also {purple
shell}, and {violet snail}. [Written also {janthina}.]
Note: It floats at the surface by means of a raft, which it
constructs by forming and uniting together air bubbles
of hardened mucus. The Tyrian purple of the ancients
was obtained in part from mollusks of this genus.
Iatraliptic \I*a`tra*lip"tic\, a. [Gr. ?; ? physician + ?
belonging to the ? or anointer, fr. ? to anoint: cf. F.
iatraliptique.]
Treating diseases by anointing and friction; as, the
iatraliptic method. [Written also {iatroleptic}.]
Iatric \I*at"ric\, Iatrical \I*at"ric*al\, a. [Gr. ? healing,
fr. ? physician, fr. ? to heal.]
Of or pertaining to medicine, or to medical men.
Iatrochemical \I*a`tro*chem"ic*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to iatrochemistry, or to the iatrochemists.
Iatrochemist \I*a`tro*chem"ist\, n. [Gr. ? physician + E.
chemist.]
A physician who explained or treated diseases upon chemical
principles; one who practiced iatrochemistry.
Iatrochemistry \I*a`tro*chem"is*try\, n.
Chemistry applied to, or used in, medicine; -- used
especially with reference to the doctrines in the school of
physicians in Flanders, in the 17th century, who held that
health depends upon the proper chemical relations of the
fluids of the body, and who endeavored to explain the
conditions of health or disease by chemical principles.
Iatromathematical \I*a`tro*math`e*mat"ic*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to iatromathematicians or their doctrine.
Iatromathematician \I*a`tro*math`e*ma*ti"cian\, n. [Gr. ?
physician + E. mathematician.] (Hist. Med.)
One of a school of physicians in Italy, about the middle of
the 17th century, who tried to apply the laws of mechanics
and mathematics to the human body, and hence were eager
student of anatomy; -- opposed to the iatrochemists.
Iberian \I*be"ri*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to Iberia.
Ibex \I"bex\, n.; pl. E. {Ibexes}, L. {Ibices}. [L., a kind of
goat, the chamois.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of several species of wild goats having very large,
recurved horns, transversely ridged in front; -- called also
{steinbok}.
Note: The Alpine ibex ({Capra ibex}) is the best known. The
Spanish, or Pyrenean, ibex ({C. Hispanica}) has
smoother and more spreading horns.
Ibidem \I*bi"dem\, adv. [L.]
In the same place; -- abbreviated ibid. or ib.
Ibis \I"bis\, n. [L. ibis, Gr. ?; of Egyptian origin.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Any bird of the genus {Ibis} and several allied genera, of
the family {Ibid[ae]}, inhabiting both the Old World and the
New. Numerous species are known. They are large, wading
birds, having a long, curved beak, and feed largely on
reptiles.
Note: The sacred ibis of the ancient Egyptians ({Ibis
[AE]thiopica}) has the head and neck black, without
feathers. The plumage of the body and wings is white,
except the tertiaries, which are lengthened and form a
dark purple plume. In ancient times this bird was
extensively domesticated in Egypt, but it is now seldom
seen so far north. The glossy ibis ({Plegadis
autumnalis}), which is widely distributed both in the
Old World and the New, has the head and neck feathered,
except between the eyes and bill; the scarlet ibis
({Guara rubra}) and the white ibis ({G. alba}) inhabit
the West Indies and South America, and are rarely found
in the United States. The wood ibis ({Tantalus
loculator}) of America belongs to the Stork family
({Ciconid[ae]}). See {Wood ibis}.
-ible \-i*ble\
See {-able}.
-ic \-ic\ [L. -icus, Gr. ?: cf. F. -ique.]
1. A suffix signifying, in general, relating to, or
characteristic of; as, historic, hygienic, telegraphic,
etc.
2. (Chem.) A suffix, denoting that the element indicated
enters into certain compounds with its highest valence, or
with a valence relatively higher than in compounds where
the name of the element ends in -ous; as, ferric,
sulphuric. It is also used in the general sense of
pertaining to; as, hydric, sodic, calcic.
Icarian \I*ca"ri*an\, a. [L. Icarius, Gr. ?, fr. ?, the mythic
son of D[ae]dalus, who, when flying from Crete on wings
cemented with wax, mounted so high that the sun melted the
wax, and he fell into the sea.]
Soaring too high for safety, like Icarus; adventurous in
flight.
Ice \Ice\ ([imac]s), n. [OE. is, iis, AS. [=i]s; aksin to D.
ijs, G. eis, OHG. [=i]s, Icel. [=i]ss, Sw. is, Dan. iis, and
perh. to E. iron.]
1. Water or other fluid frozen or reduced to the solid state
by cold; frozen water. It is a white or transparent
colorless substance, crystalline, brittle, and viscoidal.
Its specific gravity (0.92, that of water at 4[deg] C.
being 1.0) being less than that of water, ice floats.
Note: Water freezes at 32[deg] F. or 0[deg] Cent., and ice
melts at the same temperature. Ice owes its cooling
properties to the large amount of heat required to melt
it.
2. Concreted sugar. --Johnson.
3. Water, cream, custard, etc., sweetened, flavored, and
artificially frozen.
4. Any substance having the appearance of ice; as, camphor
ice.
{Anchor ice}, ice which sometimes forms about stones and
other objects at the bottom of running or other water, and
is thus attached or anchored to the ground.
{Bay ice}, ice formed in bays, fiords, etc., often in
extensive fields which drift out to sea.
{Ground ice}, anchor ice.
{Ice age} (Geol.), the glacial epoch or period. See under
{Glacial}.
{Ice anchor} (Naut.), a grapnel for mooring a vessel to a
field of ice. --Kane.
{Ice blink} [Dan. iisblink], a streak of whiteness of the
horizon, caused by the reflection of light from ice not
yet in sight.
{Ice boat}.
(a) A boat fitted with skates or runners, and propelled on
ice by sails; an ice yacht.
(b) A strong steamboat for breaking a channel through ice.
{Ice box} or {chest}, a box for holding ice; a box in which
things are kept cool by means of ice; a refrigerator.
{Ice brook}, a brook or stream as cold as ice. [Poetic]
--Shak.
{Ice cream} [for iced cream], cream, milk, or custard,
sweetened, flavored, and frozen.
{Ice field}, an extensive sheet of ice.
{Ice float}, {Ice floe}, a sheet of floating ice similar to
an ice field, but smaller.
{Ice foot}, shore ice in Arctic regions; an ice belt. --Kane.
{Ice house}, a close-covered pit or building for storing ice.
{Ice machine} (Physics), a machine for making ice
artificially, as by the production of a low temperature
through the sudden expansion of a gas or vapor, or the
rapid evaporation of a volatile liquid.
{Ice master}. See {Ice pilot} (below).
{Ice pack}, an irregular mass of broken and drifting ice.
{Ice paper}, a transparent film of gelatin for copying or
reproducing; papier glac['e].
{Ice petrel} (Zo["o]l.), a shearwater ({Puffinus gelidus}) of
the Antarctic seas, abundant among floating ice.
{Ice pick}, a sharp instrument for breaking ice into small
pieces.
{Ice pilot}, a pilot who has charge of a vessel where the
course is obstructed by ice, as in polar seas; -- called
also {ice master}.
{Ice pitcher}, a pitcher adapted for ice water.
{Ice plow}, a large tool for grooving and cutting ice.
{Ice sludge}, bay ice broken small by the wind or waves;
sludge.
{Ice spar} (Min.), a variety of feldspar, the crystals of
which are very clear like ice; rhyacolite.
{Ice tongs}, large iron nippers for handling ice.
{Ice water}.
(a) Water cooled by ice.
(b) Water formed by the melting of ice.
{Ice yacht}. See {Ice boat} (above).
{To break the ice}. See under {Break}.
{Water ice}, a confection consisting of water sweetened,
flavored, and frozen.
Ice \Ice\ ([imac]s), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Iced} ([imac]st); p.
pr. & vb. n. {Icing} ([imac]"s[i^]ng).]
1. To cover with ice; to convert into ice, or into something
resembling ice.
2. To cover with icing, or frosting made of sugar and milk or
white of egg; to frost, as cakes, tarts, etc.
3. To chill or cool, as with ice; to freeze.
Iceberg \Ice"berg`\, n. [Prob. of Scand. origin; cf. Dan.
iisbierg, Sw. isberg, properly, a mountain of ice. See {Ice},
and {Berg}.]
A large mass of ice, generally floating in the ocean.
Note: Icebergs are large detached portions of glaciers, which
in cold regions often project into the sea.
Icebird \Ice"bird`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
An Arctic sea bird, as the Arctic fulmar.
Icebound \Ice"bound`\, a.
Totally surrounded with ice, so as to be incapable of
advancing; as, an icebound vessel; also, surrounded by or
fringed with ice so as to hinder easy access; as, an icebound
coast.
Ice-built \Ice"-built`\, a.
1. Composed of ice.
2. Loaded with ice. ``Ice-built mountains.'' --Gray.
Iced \Iced\, a.
1. Covered with ice; chilled with ice; as, iced water.
2. Covered with something resembling ice, as sugar icing;
frosted; as, iced cake.
{Iced cream}. Same as {Ice cream}, under {Ice}.
Icefall \Ice"fall`\, n.
A frozen waterfall, or mass of ice resembling a frozen
waterfall. --Coleridge.
Icelander \Ice"land*er\, n.
A native, or one of the Scandinavian people, of Iceland.
Icelandic \Ice*lan"dic\, a.
Of or pertaining to Iceland; relating to, or resembling, the
Icelanders.
Icelandic \Ice*lan"dic\, n.
The language of the Icelanders. It is one of the Scandinavian
group, and is more nearly allied to the Old Norse than any
other language now spoken.
Iceland moss \Ice"land moss`\ (Bot.)
A kind of lichen ({Cetraria Icelandica}) found from the
Arctic regions to the North Temperate zone. It furnishes a
nutritious jelly and other forms of food, and is used in
pulmonary complaints as a demulcent.
Iceland spar \Ice"land spar`\ (Min.)
A transparent variety of calcite, the best of which is
obtained in Iceland. It is used for the prisms of the
polariscope, because of its strong double refraction. Cf.
{Calcite}.
Iceman \Ice"man\, n.; pl. {Icemen}.
1. A man who is skilled in traveling upon ice, as among
glaciers.
2. One who deals in ice; one who retails or delivers ice.
Ice plant \Ice" plant`\ (Bot.)
A plant ({Mesembryanthemum crystallinum}), sprinkled with
pellucid, watery vesicles, which glisten like ice. It is
native along the Mediterranean, in the Canaries, and in South
Africa. Its juice is said to be demulcent and diuretic; its
ashes are used in Spain in making glass.
Ice-skater = one who skates on ice wearing an ice skate; esp. an
athlete who performs athletic or artistic movements on a sheet
of ice, wearing ice skates; including speed skater and figure
skater -->
Icequake \Ice"quake`\, n.
The crash or concussion attending the breaking up of masses
of ice, -- often due to contraction from extreme cold.
Ich \Ich\, pron.
I. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Note: In the Southern dialect of Early English this is the
regular form. Cf. {Ik}.
Ichneumon \Ich*neu"mon\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, lit., the tracker;
so called because it hunts out the eggs of the crocodile, fr.
? to track or hunt after, fr. ? track, footstep.]
1. (Zo["o]l.) Any carnivorous mammal of the genus
{Herpestes}, and family {Viverrid[ae]}. Numerous species
are found in Asia and Africa. The Egyptian species({H.
ichneumon}), which ranges to Spain and Palestine, is noted
for destroying the eggs and young of the crocodile as well
as various snakes and lizards, and hence was considered
sacred by the ancient Egyptians. The common species of
India ({H. griseus}), known as the mongoose, has similar
habits and is often domesticated. It is noted for killing
the cobra.
2. (Zo["o]l.) Any hymenopterous insect of the family
{Ichneumonid[ae]}, of which several thousand species are
known, belonging to numerous genera.
Note: The female deposits her eggs upon, or in, the bodies of
other insects, such as caterpillars, plant lice, etc.
The larva lives upon the internal tissues of the insect
in which it is parasitic, and finally kills it. Hence,
many of the species are beneficial to agriculture by
destroying noxious insects.
{Ichneumon fly}. See {Ichneumon}, 2.
Ichneumonidan \Ich`neu*mon"i*dan\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of or pertaining to the {Ichneumonid[ae]}, or ichneumon
flies. -- n. One of the {Ichneumonid[ae]}.
Ichneumonides \Ich`neu*mon"i*des\, n. pl. [NL. See {Ichneumon}.]
(Zo["o]l.)
The ichneumon flies.
Ichnite \Ich"nite\, n. [Gr. ? track, footstep.]
A fossil footprint; as, the ichnites in the Triassic
sandstone. --Page.
Ichnographic \Ich`no*graph"ic\, Ichnographical
\Ich`no*graph"ic*al\, a. [Cf. F. ichonographique.]
Of or pertaining to ichonography; describing a ground plot.
Ichnography \Ich*nog"ra*phy\, n. [Gr. ?; ? track, footstep + ?
to describe: cf. F. ichonographie.] (Drawing)
A horizontal section of a building or other object, showing
its true dimensions according to a geometric scale; a ground
plan; a map; also, the art of making such plans.
Ichnolite \Ich"no*lite\, n. [Gr. ? track, footstep + -lite.]
A fossil footprint; an ichnite.
Ichnolithology \Ich`no*li*thol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ? footstep + -lith
+ -logy.]
Same as {Ichnology}. --Hitchcock.
Ichnological \Ich`no*log"ic*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to ichnology.
Ichnology \Ich*nol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ? a footstep + -logy.] (Geol.)
The branch of science which treats of fossil footprints.
Ichnoscopy \Ich*nos"co*py\, n. [Gr. ? footstep + -scopy.]
The search for the traces of anything. [R.]
Ichor \I"chor\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?: cf. F. ichor.]
1. (Class. Myth.) An ethereal fluid that supplied the place
of blood in the veins of the gods.
2. A thin, acrid, watery discharge from an ulcer, wound, etc.
Ichorhaemia \I`chor*h[ae]"mi*a\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? ichor + ?
blood.] (Med.)
Infection of the blood with ichorous or putrid substances.
Ichorous \I"chor*ous\, a. [Cf. F. ichoreux.]
Of or like ichor; thin; watery; serous; sanious.
Ichthidin \Ich"thi*din\, n. (Physiol. Chem.)
A substance from the egg yolk of osseous fishes.
Ichthin \Ich"thin\, n. [Gr. ? fish.] (Physiol. Chem.)
A nitrogenous substance resembling vitellin, present in the
egg yolk of cartilaginous fishes.
Ichthulin \Ich"thu*lin\, n. (Physiol. Chem.)
A substance from the yolk of salmon's egg.
Ichthus \Ich"thus\, n. [Gr. ?.]
In early Christian and eccesiastical art, an emblematic fish,
or the Greek word for fish, which combined the initials of
the Greek words ?, ?, ? ?, ?, Jesus, Christ, Son of God,
Savior.
Ichthyic \Ich"thy*ic\, a. [Gr. ?, ?, a fish.] (Zo["o]l.)
Like, or pertaining to, fishes.
Ichthyocol \Ich"thy*o*col\, Ichthyocolla \Ich`thy*o*col"la\, n.
[L. ichthyocolla, Gr. ?; ?, ?, a fish + ? glue: cf. F.
ichthyocolle.]
Fish glue; isinglass; a glue prepared from the sounds of
certain fishes.
Ichthyocoprolite \Ich`thy*o*cop"ro*lite\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a fish +
E. coprolite.] (Geol.)
Fossil dung of fishes.
Ichthyodorulite \Ich`thy*o*dor"u*lite\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a fish + ?
a spear + -lite.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the spiny plates foundon the back and tail of certain
skates.
Ichthyography \Ich`thy*og"ra*phy\, n. [Gr. ?, ? + graphy: cf. F.
ichthyographie.]
A treatise on fishes.
Ichthyoid \Ich"thy*oid\, Ichthyoidal \Ich`thy*oid"al\, a. [Gr.
?: ?, ?, a fish + ? form.] (Zo["o]l.)
Somewhat like a fish; having some of the characteristics of
fishes; -- said of some amphibians.
Ichthyolatry \Ich`thy*ol"a*try\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a fish + ? to
worship.]
Worship of fishes, or of fish-shaped idols. --Layard.
Ichthyolite \Ich"thy*o*lite\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a fish + -lite.]
(Paleon.)
A fossil fish, or fragment of a fish.
Ichthyologic \Ich`thy*o*log"ic\, Ichthyological
\Ich`thy*o*log"ic*al\, a. [Cf. F. ichthyologique.]
Of or pertaining to ichthyology.
Ichthyologist \Ich`thy*ol"o*gist\, n. [Cf. F. ichthyologiste.]
One versed in, or who studies, ichthyology.
Ichthyology \Ich`thy*ol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a fish + -logy: cf.
F. ichthyologie.]
The natural history of fishes; that branch of zo["o]logy
which relates to fishes, including their structure,
classification, and habits.
Ichthyomancy \Ich"thy*o*man`cy\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a fish + -mancy:
cf. F. ichthyomancie.]
Divination by the heads or the entrails of fishes.
Ichthyomorpha \Ich`thy*o*mor"pha\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?
fish-shaped; ?, ?, a fish + ? form.] (Zo["o]l.)
The Urodela.
Ichthyomorphic \Ich`thy*o*mor"phic\, Ichthyomorphous
\Ich`thy*o*mor"phous\, a. [See {Ichthyomorpha}.]
Fish-shaped; as, the ichthyomorphic idols of ancient Assyria.
Ichthyophagist \Ich`thy*oph"a*gist\, n. [See {Ichthyophagous}.]
One who eats, or subsists on, fish.
Ichthyophagous \Ich`thy*oph"a*gous\, a. [L. ichthyophagus, Gr.
?; ?, ?, a fish + ? to eat.]
Eating, or subsisting on, fish.
Ichthyohagy \Ich`thy*oh"a*gy\, n. [Gr. ?: cf. F. ichthyophagie.]
The practice of eating, or living upon, fish.
Ichthyophthalmite \Ich`thy*oph*thal"mite\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a fish
+ ? eye.]
See {Apophyllite}. [R.]
Ichthyophthira \Ich`thy*oph*thi"ra\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?,
a fish + ? a louse.] (Zo["o]l.)
A division of copepod crustaceans, including numerous species
parasitic on fishes.
Ichthyopsida \Ich`thy*op"si*da\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?, a
fish + ? appearance.] (Zo["o]l.)
A grand division of the Vertebrata, including the Amphibia
and Fishes.
Ichthyopterygia \Ich`thy*op`te*ryg"i*a\, n. pl. [NL. See
{Ichthyopterygium}.] (Paleon.)
See {Ichthyosauria}.
Ichthyopterygium \Ich`thy*op`te*ryg"i*um\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?,
?, a fish + ? a fin.] (Anat.)
The typical limb, or lateral fin, of fishes.
Ichthyornis \Ich`thy*or"nis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?, a fish + ?
bird.] (Paleon.)
An extinct genus of toothed birds found in the American
Cretaceous formation. It is remarkable for having biconcave
vertebr[ae], and sharp, conical teeth set in sockets. Its
wings were well developed. It is the type of the order
Odontotorm[ae].
Ichthyosaur \Ich"thy*o*saur\, n. [Cf. F. ichthyosaure.]
(Paleon.)
One of the Ichthyosaura.
Ichthyosauria \Ich`thy*o*sau"ri*a\, n. pl. [NL. See
{Ichthyosaurus}.] (Paleon.)
An extinct order of marine reptiles, including Ichthyosaurus
and allied forms; -- called also {Ichthyopterygia}. They have
not been found later than the Cretaceous period.
Ichthyosaurian \Ich`thy*o*sau"ri*an\, a. (Paleon.)
Of or pertaining to the Ichthyosauria. -- n. One of the
Ichthyosauria.
Ichthyosaurus \Ich`thy*o*sau"rus\, n.; pl. {Ichthyosauri}. [NL.,
fr. Gr. 'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + say^ros a lizard.]
(Paleon.)
An extinct genus of marine reptiles; -- so named from their
short, biconcave vertebr[ae], resembling those of fishes.
Several species, varying in length from ten to thirty feet,
are known from the Liassic, O["o]litic, and Cretaceous
formations.
Ichthyosis \Ich`thy*o"sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? fish.] (Med.)
A disease in which the skin is thick, rough, and scaly; --
called also {fishskin}. -- {Ich`thy*ot"ic}, a.
Ichthyotomist \Ich`thy*ot"o*mist\, n.
One skilled in ichthyotomy.
Ichthyoomy \Ich`thy*o"o*my\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a fish + ? to cut.]
The anatomy or dissection of fishes. [R.]
Ichthys \Ich"thys\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a fish.]
Same as {Ichthus}.
Icicle \I"ci*cle\, n. [OE. isikel, AS. [=i]sgicel; [=i]s ice +
gicel icicle; akin to Icel. j["o]kull; cf. Gael. eigh ice,
Ir. aigh.]
A pendent, and usually conical, mass of ice, formed by
freezing of dripping water; as, the icicles on the eaves of a
house.
Icicled \I"ci*cled\, a.
Having icicles attached.
Icily \I"ci*ly\, adv.
In an icy manner; coldly.
Faultily faultless, icily regular, splendidly null,
Dead perfection, no more. --Tennyson.
Iciness \I"ci*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being icy or very cold; frigidity.
Icing \I"cing\, n.
A coating or covering resembling ice, as of sugar and milk or
white of egg; frosting.
Ickle \Ic"kle\, n. [OE. ikil. See {Icicle}.]
An icicle. [Prov. Eng.]
Icon \I"con\ ([imac]"k[o^]n), n. [L., fr. Gr. e'ikw`n.]
An image or representation; a portrait or pretended portrait.
Netherlands whose names and icons are published.
--Hakewill.
Iconical \I*con"ic*al\, a.
Pertaining to, or consisting of, images, pictures, or
representations of any kind.
Iconism \I"con*ism\, n. [L. iconismus, Gr. ?, fr. ? to mold,
delineate, fr. e'ikw`n an image: cf. F. iconisme.]
The formation of a figure, representation, or semblance; a
delineation or description.
Some kind of apish imitations, counterfeit iconisms.
--Cudworth.
Iconize \I"con*ize\, v. t. [Gr. e'ikoni`zein.]
To form an image or likeness of. [R.] --Cudworth.
Iconoclasm \I*con"o*clasm\, n. [Cf. F. iconoclasme. See
{Iconoclast}.]
The doctrine or practice of the iconoclasts; image breaking.
Iconoclast \I*con"o*clast\, n. [Gr. e'ikw`n image + ? to break:
cf. F. iconoclaste.]
1. A breaker or destroyer of images or idols; a determined
enemy of idol worship.
2. One who exposes or destroys impositions or shams; one who
attacks cherished beliefs; a radical.
Iconoclastic \I*con`o*clas"tic\, a.
Of or pertaining to the iconoclasts, or to image breaking.
--Milman.
Iconodule \I*con"o*dule\, Iconodulist \I*con"o*du`list\, n. [Gr.
e'ikw`n an image + ? a slave.] (Eccl. Hist.)
One who serves images; -- opposed to an {iconoclast}.
--Schaff-Herzog Encyc.
Iconographer \I`co*nog"ra*pher\, n.
A maker of images. --Fairholt.
Iconographic \I*con`o*graph"ic\, a.
1. Of or pertaining to iconography.
2. Representing by means of pictures or diagrams; as, an
icongraphic encyclop[ae]dia.
Iconography \I`co*nog"ra*phy\, n. [Gr. ? a sketch or
description; e'ikw`n an image + ? to describe: cf. F.
iconographie.]
1. The art or representation by pictures or images; the
description or study of portraiture or representation, as
of persons; as, the iconography of the ancients.
2. The study of representative art in general.
{Christian iconography}, the study of the representations in
art of the Deity, the persons of the Trinity, angels,
saints, virtues, vices, etc.
Iconolater \I`co*nol"a*ter\, n. [Gr. e'ikw`n an image + ? to
worship: cf. F. iconol[^a]tre.]
One who worships images.
Iconolatry \I`co*nol"a*try\, n. [See {Iconolater}.]
The worship of images as symbols; -- distinguished from
idolatry, the worship of images themselves.
Iconology \I`co*nol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ?; e'ikw`n an image + ?
discourse: cf. F. iconologie.]
The discussion or description of portraiture or of
representative images. Cf. {Iconography}.
Iconomachy \I`co*nom"a*chy\, n. [Gr. ? a war against images;
e'ikw`n an image + ? fight.]
Hostility to images as objects of worship. [R.]
Iconomical \I`co*nom"ic*al\, a. [Gr. ?; e'ikw`n image + ?
fight.]
Opposed to pictures or images as objects of worship. [R.]
--Sir T. Browne.
Iconophilist \I`co*noph"i*list\, n. [Gr. e'ikw`n an image + ? to
love.]
A student, or lover of the study, of iconography.
Icosahedral \I`co*sa*he"dral\, a. [See {Icosahedron}.] (Geom.)
Having twenty equal sides or faces.
Icosahedron \I`co*sa*he"dron\, n. [Gr. ?; ? twenty + ? seat,
base, fr. ? to sit.] (Geom.)
A solid bounded by twenty sides or faces.
{Regular icosahedron}, one of the five regular polyhedrons,
bounded by twenty equilateral triangules. Five triangles
meet to form each solid angle of the polyhedron.
Icosandria \I`co*san"dri*a\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? twenty +?,
?, man, male: cf. F. icosandrie.] (Bot.)
A Linn[ae]an class of plants, having twenty or more stamens
inserted in the calyx.
Icosandrian \I`co*san"dri*an\, Icosandrous \I`co*san"drous\, a.
(Bot.)
Pertaining to the class Icosandria; having twenty or more
stamens inserted in the calyx.
Icositetrahedron \I`co*si*tet`ra*he"dron\, n. [Gr. ? twenty + ?,
combining form of ? four + ? seat, base.] (Crystallog.)
A twenty-four-sided solid; a tetragonal trisoctahedron or
trapezohedron.
-ics \-ics\
A suffix used in forming the names of certain sciences,
systems, etc., as acoustics, mathematics, dynamics,
statistics, politics, athletics.
Note: The names sciences ending in ics, as mathematics,
mechanics, metaphysics, optics, etc., are, with respect
to their form, nouns in the plural number. The plural
form was probably introduced to mark the complex nature
of such sciences; and it may have been in imitation of
the use of the Greek plurals ?, ?, ?, ?, etc., to
designate parts of Aristotle's writings. Previously to
the present century, nouns ending in ics were construed
with a verb or a pronoun in the plural; but it is now
generally considered preferable to treat them as
singular. In Greman we have die Mathematik, die
Mechanik, etc., and in French la metaphysique, la
optique, etc., corresponding to our mathematics,
mechanics, metaphysics, optics, etc.
Mathematics have for their object the
consideration of whatever is capable of being
numbered or measured. --John
Davidson.
The citations subjoined will serve as examples of the
best present usage.
Ethics is the sciences of the laws which govern
our actions as moral agents. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
All parts of knowledge have their origin in
metaphysics, and finally, perhaps, revolve into
it. --De Quincey.
Mechanics, like pure mathematics, may be
geometrical, or may be analytical; that is, it
may treat space either by a direct consideration
of its properties, or by a symbolical
representation. --Whewell.
Icteric \Ic*ter"ic\, n.
A remedy for the jaundice.
Icteric \Ic*ter"ic\, Icterical \Ic*ter"ic*al\, a. [L. ictericus,
Gr. ?, fr. ? jaundice: cf. F. ict['e]rique.]
1. Pertaining to, or affected with, jaundice.
2. Good against the jaundice. --Johnson.
Icteritious \Ic`ter*i"tious\, Icteritous \Ic*ter"i*tous\, a.
Yellow; of the color of the skin when it is affected by the
jaundice.
Icteroid \Ic"ter*oid\, a. [Gr. ? jaundice + -oid.]
Of a tint resembling that produced by jaundice; yellow; as,
an icteroid tint or complexion.
Icterus \Ic"te*rus\, n. [NL. See {Icteric}, a.] (Med.)
The jaundice.
Ictic \Ic"tic\, a. [L. ictus blow.]
Pertaining to, or caused by, a blow; sudden; abrupt. [R.]
--H. Bushnell.
Ictus \Ic"tus\, n. [L., fr. icere, ictum, to strike.]
1. (Pros.) The stress of voice laid upon accented syllable of
a word. Cf. {Arsis}.
2. (Med.) A stroke or blow, as in a sunstroke, the sting of
an insect, pulsation of an artery, etc.
Icy \I"cy\, a. [Compar. {Icier}; superl. {Iciest}.] [AS.
[=i]sig. See {Ice}.]
1. Pertaining to, resembling, or abounding in, ice; cold;
frosty. ``Icy chains.'' --Shak. ``Icy region.'' --Boyle.
``Icy seas.'' --Pope.
2. Characterized by coldness, as of manner, influence, etc.;
chilling; frigid; cold.
Icy was the deportment with which Philip received
these demonstrations of affection. --Motley.
Icy-pearled \I"cy-pearl`ed\, a.
Spangled with ice.
Mounting up in icy-pearled car. --Milton.
I'd \I'd\
A contraction from I would or I had.
Id \Id\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A small fresh-water cyprinoid fish ({Leuciscus idus} or {Idus
idus}) of Europe. A domesticated variety, colored like the
goldfish, is called {orfe} in Germany.
Idalian \I*da"li*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to Idalium, a mountain city in Cyprus, or to
Venus, to whom it was sacred. ``Idalian Aphrodit['e].''
--Tennyson.
Ide \Ide\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Same as {Id}.
-ide \-ide\ (Chem.)
A suffix used to denote:
(a) The nonmetallic, or negative, element or radical in a
binary compound; as, oxide, sulphide, chloride.
(b) A compound which is an anhydride; as, glycolide,
phthalide.
(c) Any one of a series of derivatives; as, indogenide,
glucoside, etc.
Idea \I*de"a\, n.; pl. {Ideas}. [L. idea, Gr. ?, fr. ? to see;
akin to E. wit: cf. F. id['e]e. See {Wit}.]
1. The transcript, image, or picture of a visible object,
that is formed by the mind; also, a similar image of any
object whatever, whether sensible or spiritual.
Her sweet idea wandered through his thoughts.
--Fairfax.
Being the right idea of your father Both in your
form and nobleness of mind. --Shak.
This representation or likeness of the object being
transmitted from thence [the senses] to the
imagination, and lodged there for the view and
observation of the pure intellect, is aptly and
properly called its idea. --P. Browne.
2. A general notion, or a conception formed by
generalization.
Alice had not the slightest idea what latitude was.
--L. Caroll.
3. Hence: Any object apprehended, conceived, or thought of,
by the mind; a notion, conception, or thought; the real
object that is conceived or thought of.
Whatsoever the mind perceives in itself, or as the
immediate object of perception, thought, or
undersanding, that I call idea. --Locke.
4. A belief, option, or doctrine; a characteristic or
controlling principle; as, an essential idea; the idea of
development.
That fellow seems to me to possess but one idea, and
that is a wrong one. --Johnson.
What is now ``idea'' for us? How infinite the fall
of this word, since the time where Milton sang of
the Creator contemplating his newly-created world, -
``how it showed . . . Answering his great idea,'' -
to its present use, when this person ``has an idea
that the train has started,'' and the other ``had no
idea that the dinner would be so bad!'' --Trench.
5. A plan or purpose of action; intention; design.
I shortly afterwards set off for that capital, with
an idea of undertaking while there the translation
of the work. --W. Irving.
6. A rational conception; the complete conception of an
object when thought of in all its essential elements or
constituents; the necessary metaphysical or constituent
attributes and relations, when conceived in the abstract.
7. A fiction object or picture created by the imagination;
the same when proposed as a pattern to be copied, or a
standard to be reached; one of the archetypes or patterns
of created things, conceived by the Platonists to have
excited objectively from eternity in the mind of the
Deity.
Thence to behold this new-created world, The
addition of his empire, how it showed In prospect
from his throne, how good, how fair, Answering his
great idea. --Milton.
Note: ``In England, Locke may be said to have been the first
who naturalized the term in its Cartesian universality.
When, in common language, employed by Milton and
Dryden, after Descartes, as before him by Sidney,
Spenser, Shakespeare, Hooker, etc., the meaning is
Platonic.'' --Sir W. Hamilton.
{Abstract idea}, {Association of ideas}, etc. See under
{Abstract}, {Association}, etc.
Syn: Notion; conception; thought; sentiment; fancy; image;
perception; impression; opinion; belief; observation;
judgment; consideration; view; design; intention;
purpose; plan; model; pattern. There is scarcely any
other word which is subjected to such abusive treatment
as is the word idea, in the very general and
indiscriminative way in which it is employed, as it is
used variously to signify almost any act, state, or
content of thought.
Ideal \I*de"al\, a. [L. idealis: cf. F. id['e]al.]
1. Existing in idea or thought; conceptional; intellectual;
mental; as, ideal knowledge.
2. Reaching an imaginary standard of excellence; fit for a
model; faultless; as, ideal beauty. --Byron.
There will always be a wide interval between
practical and ideal excellence. --Rambler.
3. Existing in fancy or imagination only; visionary; unreal.
``Planning ideal common wealth.'' --Southey.
4. Teaching the doctrine of idealism; as, the ideal theory or
philosophy.
5. (Math.) Imaginary.
Syn: Intellectual; mental; visionary; fanciful; imaginary;
unreal; impracticable; utopian.
Ideal \I*de"al\, n.
A mental conception regarded as a standard of perfection; a
model of excellence, beauty, etc.
The ideal is to be attained by selecting and assembling
in one whole the beauties and perfections which are
usually seen in different individuals, excluding
everything defective or unseemly, so as to form a type
or model of the species. Thus, the Apollo Belvedere is
the ideal of the beauty and proportion of the human
frame. --Fleming.
{Beau ideal}. See {Beau ideal}.
Idealess \I*de"a*less\, a.
Destitute of an idea.
Idealism \I*de"al*ism\, n. [Cf. F. id['e]alisme.]
1. The quality or state of being ideal.
2. Conception of the ideal; imagery.
3. (Philos.) The system or theory that denies the existence
of material bodies, and teaches that we have no rational
grounds to believe in the reality of anything but ideas
and their relations.
Idealist \I*de"al*ist\, n. [Cf. F. id['e]aliste.]
1. One who idealizes; one who forms picturesque fancies; one
given to romantic expectations.
2. One who holds the doctrine of idealism.
Idealistic \I*de`al*is"tic\, a.
Of or pertaining to idealists or their theories.
Ideality \I`de*al"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Idealities}.
1. The quality or state of being ideal.
2. The capacity to form ideals of beauty or perfection.
3. (Phren.) The conceptive faculty.
Idealization \I*de`al*i*za"tion\, n.
1. The act or process of idealizing.
2. (Fine Arts) The representation of natural objects, scenes,
etc., in such a way as to show their most important
characteristics; the study of the ideal.
Idealize \I*de"al*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Idealized}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Idealizing}.]
1. To make ideal; to give an ideal form or value to; to
attribute ideal characteristics and excellences to; as, to
idealize real life.
2. (Fine Arts) To treat in an ideal manner. See
{Idealization}, 2.
Idealize \I*de"al*ize\, v. i. [Cf. F. id['e]aliser.]
To form ideals.
Idealizer \I*de"al*i`zer\, n.
An idealist.
Ideally \I*de"al*ly\, adv.
In an ideal manner; by means of ideals; mentally.
Idealogic \I*de`a*log"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to an idealogue, or to idealization.
Idealogue \I*de"a*logue\, n. [Idea + -logue, as in theologue:
cf. F. id['e]ologue.]
One given to fanciful ideas or theories; a theorist; a
spectator. [R.] --Mrs. Browning.
Ideat \I*de"at\, Ideate \I*de"ate\, n. [LL. ideatum. See
{Idea}.] (Metaph.)
The actual existence supposed to correspond with an idea; the
correlate in real existence to the idea as a thought or
existence.
Ideate \I*de"ate\, v. t.
1. To form in idea; to fancy. [R.]
The ideated man . . . as he stood in the intellect
of God. --Sir T.
Browne.
2. To apprehend in thought so as to fix and hold in the mind;
to memorize. [R.]
Ideation \I`de*a"tion\, n.
The faculty or capacity of the mind for forming ideas; the
exercise of this capacity; the act of the mind by which
objects of sense are apprehended and retained as objects of
thought.
The whole mass of residua which have been accumulated .
. . all enter now into the process of ideation. --J. D.
Morell.
Ideational \I`de*a"tion*al\, a.
Pertaining to, or characterized by, ideation.
Certain sensational or ideational stimuli. --Blackw.
Mag.
Idem \I"dem\, pron. or adj. [L.]
The same; the same as above; -- often abbreviated {id.}
Identic \I*den"tic\, a.
Identical. [Obs.] --Hudibras.
Identical \I*den"tic*al\, a. [Cf. F. identique. See {Identity}.]
1. The same; the selfsame; the very same; not different; as,
the identical person or thing.
I can not remember a thing that happened a year ago,
without a conviction . . . that I, the same
identical person who now remember that event, did
then exist. --Reid.
2. Uttering sameness or the same truth; expressing in the
predicate what is given, or obviously implied, in the
subject; tautological.
When you say body is solid, I say that you make an
identical proposition, because it is impossible to
have the idea of body without that of solidity.
--Fleming.
{Identical equation} (Alg.), an equation which is true for
all values of the algebraic symbols which enter into it.
Identically \I*den"tic*al*ly\, adv.
In an identical manner; with respect to identity.
``Identically the same.'' --Bp. Warburton. ``Identically
different.'' --Ross.
Identicalness \I*den"tic*al*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being identical; sameness.
Identifiable \I*den"ti*fi`a*ble\, a.
Capable of being identified.
Identification \I*den`ti*fi*ca"tion\, n. [Cf. F.
identification.]
The act of identifying, or proving to be the same; also, the
state of being identified.
Identify \I*den"ti*fy\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Identified}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Identifying}.] [Cf. F. identifier. See {Identity},
and {-fy}.]
1. To make to be the same; to unite or combine in such a
manner as to make one; to treat as being one or having the
same purpose or effect; to consider as the same in any
relation.
Every precaution is taken to identify the interests
of the people and of the rulers. --D. Ramsay.
Let us identify, let us incorporate ourselves with
the people. --Burke.
2. To establish the identity of; to prove to be the same with
something described, claimed, or asserted; as, to identify
stolen property.
Identify \I*den"ti*fy\, v. i.
To become the same; to coalesce in interest, purpose, use,
effect, etc. [Obs. or R.]
An enlightened self-interest, which, when well
understood, they tell us will identify with an interest
more enlarged and public. --Burke.
Identism \I*den"tism\, n. [See {Identity}.] (Metaph.)
The doctrine taught by Schelling, that matter and mind, and
subject and object, are identical in the Absolute; -- called
also the {system or doctrine of identity}.
Identity \I*den"ti*ty\, n.; pl. {Identities}. [F. identit['e],
LL. identitas, fr. L. idem the same, from the root of is he,
that; cf. Skr. idam this. Cf. {Item}.]
1. The state or quality of being identical, or the same;
sameness.
Identity is a relation between our cognitions of a
thing, not between things themselves. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
2. The condition of being the same with something described
or asserted, or of possessing a character claimed; as, to
establish the identity of stolen goods.
3. (Math.) An identical equation.
Ideo- \I"de*o-\
A combining form from the Gr. ?, an idea.
Ideogenical \I`de*o*gen"ic*al\, a.
Of or relating to ideology.
Ideogeny \I`de*og"e*ny\, n. [Ideo- + -geny, from the same root
as Gr. ?, birth: cf. F. id['e]og['e]nie.]
The science which treats of the origin of ideas.
Ideogram \I*de"o*gram\, n. [Ideo- + -gram; cf. F. id['e]ograme.]
1. An original, pictorial element of writing; a kind of
hieroglyph expressing no sound, but only an idea.
Ideograms may be defined to be pictures intended to
represent either things or thoughts. --I. Taylor
(The
Alphabet).
You might even have a history without language
written or spoken, by means of ideograms and
gesture. --J. Peile.
2. A symbol used for convenience, or for abbreviation; as, 1,
2, 3, +, -, ?, $, ?, etc.
3. A phonetic symbol; a letter.
Ideograph \I*de"o*graph\, n.
Same as {Ideogram}.
Ideographic \I`de*o*graph"ic\, Ideographical
\I`de*o*graph"ic*al\, a. [Cf. F. id['e]ographique.]
Of or pertaining to an ideogram; representing ideas by
symbols, independently of sounds; as, 9 represents not the
word ``nine,'' but the idea of the number itself. --
{I`de*o*graph"ic*al*ly}, adv.
Ideographics \I`de*o*graph"ics\, n.
The system of writing in ideographic characters; also,
anything so written.
Ideography \I`de*og"ra*phy\, n.
The representation of ideas independently of sounds, or in an
ideographic manner, as sometimes is done in shorthand
writing, etc.
Ideological \I`de*o*log"ic*al\, a. [Cf. F. id['e]ologique.]
Of or pertaining to ideology.
Ideologist \I`de*ol"o*gist\, n.
One who treats of ideas; one who theorizes or idealizes; one
versed in the science of ideas, or who advocates the
doctrines of ideology.
Ideology \I`de*ol"o*gy\, n. [Ideo- + -logy: cf. F.
id['e]ologie.]
1. The science of ideas. --Stewart.
2. (Metaph.) A theory of the origin of ideas which derives
them exclusively from sensation.
Note: By a double blunder in philosophy and Greek,
id['e]ologie . . . has in France become the name
peculiarly distinctive of that philosophy of mind which
exclusively derives our knowledge from sensation. --Sir
W. Hamilton.
Ideo-motion \I`de*o-mo"tion\, n. (Physiol.)
An ideo-motor movement.
Ideo-motor \I`de*o-mo"tor\, a. [Ideo- + motor.] (Physiol.)
Applied to those actions, or muscular movements, which are
automatic expressions of dominant ideas, rather than the
result of distinct volitional efforts, as the act of
expressing the thoughts in speech, or in writing, while the
mind is occupied in the composition of the sentence.
--Carpenter.
Ides \Ides\, n. pl. [L. idus: cf. F. ides.] (Anc. Rom. Calendar)
The fifteenth day of March, May, July, and October, and the
thirteenth day of the other months.
The ides of March remember. --Shak.
Note: Eight days in each month often pass by this name, but
only one strictly receives it, the others being called
respectively the day before the ides, and so on,
backward, to the eightth from the ides.
Idio- \Id"i*o-\
A combining form from the Greek ?, meaning private, personal,
peculiar, distinct.
Idioblast \Id"i*o*blast\, n. [Ideo- + -blast.] (Bot.)
An individual cell, differing greatly from its neighbours in
regard to size, structure, or contents.
Idiocrasis \Id`i*o*cra"sis\, n. [NL.]
Idiocracy.
Idiocracy \Id`i*oc"ra*cy\, n.; pl. {Idiocrasies}. [Idio- + Gr. ?
a mixture, fr. ? to mix: cf. F. idiocrasie.]
Peculiarity of constitution; that temperament, or state of
constitution, which is peculiar to a person; idiosyncrasy.
Idiocratic \Id`i*o*crat"ic\, Idiocratical \Id`i*o*crat"ic*al\,
a.
Peculiar in constitution or temperament; idiosyncratic.
Idiocy \Id"i*o*cy\, n. [From idiot; cf. Gr. ? uncouthness, want
of education, fr. ?. See {Idiot}, and cf. {Idiotcy}.]
The condition or quality of being an idiot; absence, or
marked deficiency, of sense and intelligence.
I will undertake to convict a man of idiocy, if he can
not see the proof that three angles of a triangle are
equal to two right angles. --F. W.
Robertson.
Idiocyclophanous \Id`i*o*cy*cloph"a*nous\, a. [Idio- + Gr. ?
circle + ? to appear.] (Crystallog.)
Same as {Idiophanous}.
Idioelectric \Id`i*o*e*lec"tric\, a. [Idio- + electric: cf. F.
idio['e]lectrique.] (Physics)
Electric by virtue of its own peculiar properties; capable of
becoming electrified by friction; -- opposed to {anelectric}.
-- n. An idioelectric substance.
Idiograph \Id"i*o*graph\, n. [Gr. ? autographic; ? one's own + ?
to write.]
A mark or signature peculiar to an individual; a trade-mark.
Idiographic \Id`i*o*graph"ic\, Idiographical
\Id`i*o*graph"ic*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to an idiograph.
Idiolatry \Id`i*ol"a*try\, n. [Idio- + Gr. ? to worship.]
Self-worship; excessive self-esteem.
Idiom \Id"i*om\, n. [F. idiome, L. idioma, fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to
make a person's own, to make proper or peculiar; prob. akin
to the reflexive pronoun ?, ?, ?, and to ?, ?, one's own, L.
suus, and to E. so.]
1. The syntactical or structural form peculiar to any
language; the genius or cast of a language.
Idiom may be employed loosely and figuratively as a
synonym of language or dialect, but in its proper
sense it signifies the totality of the general rules
of construction which characterize the syntax of a
particular language and distinguish it from other
tongues. --G. P. Marsh.
By idiom is meant the use of words which is peculiar
to a particular language. --J. H.
Newman.
He followed their language [the Latin], but did not
comply with the idiom of ours. --Dryden.
2. An expression conforming or appropriate to the peculiar
structural form of a language; in extend use, an
expression sanctioned by usage, having a sense peculiar to
itself and not agreeing with the logical sense of its
structural form; also, the phrase forms peculiar to a
particular author.
Some that with care true eloquence shall teach, And
to just idioms fix our doubtful speech. --Prior.
Sometimes we identify the words with the object --
though be courtesy of idiom rather than in strict
propriety of language. --Coleridge.
Every good writer has much idiom. --Landor.
It is not by means of rules that such idioms as the
following are made current: ``I can make nothing of
it.'' ``He treats his subject home.'' Dryden. ``It
is that within us that makes for righteousness.''
M.Arnold. --Gostwick
(Eng. Gram. )
3. Dialect; a variant form of a language.
Syn: Dialect.
Usage: {Idiom}, {Dialect}. The idioms of a language belong to
its very structure; its dialects are varieties of
expression ingrafted upon it in different localities
or by different professions. Each county of England
has some peculiarities of dialect, and so have most of
the professions, while the great idioms of the
language are everywhere the same. See {Language}.
Idiomatic \Id`i*o*mat"ic\, Idiomatical \Id`i*o*mat"ic*al\, a.
[Gr. ?.]
Of or pertaining to, or conforming to, the mode of expression
peculiar to a language; as, an idiomatic meaning; an
idiomatic phrase. -- {Id`i*o*mat"ic*al*ly}, adv.
Idiomorphic \Id`i*o*morph"ic\, a.
Idiomorphous.
Idiomorphous \Id`i*o*morph"ous\, a. [Gr. ? of peculiar form; ?
peculiar + ? form.]
1. Having a form of its own.
2. (Crystallog.) Apperaing in distinct crystals; -- said of
the mineral constituents of a rock.
Idiomuscular \Id`i*o*mus"cu*lar\, a. [Idio- + muscular.]
(Physiol.)
Applied to a semipermanent contraction of a muscle, produced
by a mechanical irritant.
Idiopathetic \Id`i*o*pa*thet"ic\, a.
Idiopathic. [R.]
Idiopathic \Id`i*o*path"ic\, Idiopathical \Id`i*o*path"ic*al\,
a. [Cf. F. idiopathique.] (Med.)
Pertaining to idiopathy; characterizing a disease arising
primarily, and not in consequence of some other disease or
injury; -- opposed to {symptomatic}, {sympathetic}, and
{traumatic}. -- {Id`i*o*path"ic*al*ly}, adv.
Idiopathy \Id`i*op"a*thy\, n.; pl. {Idiopathies}. [Gr. ?; ?
proper, peculiar + ?, ?, to suffer: cf. F. idiopathie.]
1. A peculiar, or individual, characteristic or affection.
All men are so full of their own fancies and
idiopathies, that they scarce have the civility to
interchange any words with a stranger. --Dr. H.
More.
2. (Med.) A morbid state or condition not preceded or
occasioned by any other disease; a primary disease.
Idiophanous \Id`i*oph"a*nous\, a. [Idio- + ? to appear.]
(Crystallog.)
Exhibiting interference figures without the aid of a
polariscope, as certain crystals.
Idioplasm \Id"i*o*plasm\, n. (Biol.)
Same as {Idioplasma}.
Idioplasma \Id`i*o*plas"ma\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? proper, peculiar
+ ? a form, mold.] (Biol.)
That portion of the cell protoplasm which is the seat of all
active changes, and which carries on the function of
hereditary transmission; -- distinguished from the other
portion, which is termed nutritive plasma. See {Hygroplasm}.
Idiorepulsive \Id`i*o*re*pul"sive\, a. [Idio- + repulsive.]
Repulsive by itself; as, the idiorepulsive power of heat.
Idiosyncrasy \Id`i*o*syn"cra*sy\, n.; pl. {Idiosyncrasies}. [Gr.
?; ? proper, peculiar + ? a mixing together, fr. ? to mix
together; ? with + ? to mix: cf. F. idiosyncrasie. See
{Idiom}, and {Crasis}.]
A peculiarity of physical or mental constitution or
temperament; a characteristic belonging to, and
distinguishing, an individual; characteristic susceptibility;
idiocrasy; eccentricity.
The individual mind . . . takes its tone from the
idiosyncrasies of the body. --I. Taylor.
Idiosyncratic \Id`i*o*syn*crat"ic\, Idiosyncratical
\Id`i*o*syn*crat"ic*al\, a.
Of peculiar temper or disposition; belonging to one's
peculiar and individual character.
Idiot \Id"i*ot\, n. [F. idiot, L. idiota an uneducated,
ignorant, ill-informed person, Gr. ?, also and orig., a
private person, not holding public office, fr. ? proper,
peculiar. See {Idiom}.]
1. A man in private station, as distinguished from one
holding a public office. [Obs.]
St. Austin affirmed that the plain places of
Scripture are sufficient to all laics, and all
idiots or private persons. --Jer. Taylor.
2. An unlearned, ignorant, or simple person, as distinguished
from the educated; an ignoramus. [Obs.]
Christ was received of idiots, of the vulgar people,
and of the simpler sort, while he was rejected,
despised, and persecuted even to death by the high
priests, lawyers, scribes, doctors, and rabbis. --C.
Blount.
3. A human being destitute of the ordinary intellectual
powers, whether congenital, developmental, or accidental;
commonly, a person without understanding from birth; a
natural fool; a natural; an innocent.
Life . . . is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound
and fury, Signifying nothing. --Shak.
4. A fool; a simpleton; -- a term of reproach.
Weenest thou make an idiot of our dame? --Chaucer.
Idiotcy \Id"i*ot*cy\, n. [Cf. {Idiocy}.]
Idiocy. [R.]
Idioted \Id"i*ot*ed\, a.
Rendered idiotic; befooled. [R.] --Tennyson.
Idiothermic \Id`i*o*ther"mic\, a. [Idio- + thermic.]
Self-heating; warmed, as the body of animal, by process going
on within itself.
Idiotic \Id`i*ot"ic\, Idiotical \Id`i*ot"ic*al\, a. [L.
idioticus ignorant, Gr. ?: cf. F. idiotique. See {Idiot}.]
1. Common; simple. [Obs.] --Blackwall.
2. Pertaining to, or like, an idiot; characterized by idiocy;
foolish; fatuous; as, an idiotic person, speech, laugh, or
action.
Idiotically \Id`i*ot"ic*al*ly\, adv.
In a idiotic manner.
Idioticon \Id`i*ot"i*con\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? belonging to a
private man, private. See {Idiot}.]
A dictionary of a peculiar dialect, or of the words and
phrases peculiar to one part of a country; a glossary.
Idiotish \Id"i*ot*ish\, a.
Like an idiot; foolish.
Idiotism \Id"i*ot*ism\, n. [F. idiotisme, L. idiotismus the way
of fashion of a private person, the common or vulgar manner
of speaking, Gr. ?, fr. ? to put into or use common language,
fr. ?. See {Idiot}.]
1. An idiom; a form, mode of expression, or signification,
peculiar to a language.
Scholars sometimes give terminations and idiotisms,
suitable to their native language, unto words newly
invented. --M. Hale.
2. Lack of knowledge or mental capacity; idiocy; foolishness.
Worse than mere ignorance or idiotism.
--Shaftesbury.
The running that adventure is the greatist idiotism.
--Hammond.
Idiotize \Id"i*ot*ize\, v. i.
To become stupid. [R.]
Idiotry \Id"i*ot*ry\, n.
Idiocy. [R.] --Bp. Warburton.
Idle \I"dle\, a. [Compar. {Idler}; superl. {Idlest}.] [OE. idel,
AS. [=i]del vain, empty, useless; akin to OS. [=i]dal, D.
ijdel, OHG. [=i]tal vain, empty, mere, G. eitel, Dan. & Sw.
idel mere, pure, and prob. to Gr. ? clear, pure, ? to burn.
Cf. {Ether}.]
1. Of no account; useless; vain; trifling; unprofitable;
thoughtless; silly; barren. ``Deserts idle.'' --Shak.
Every idle word that men shall speak, they shall
give account thereof in the day of judgment. --Matt.
xii. 36.
Down their idle weapons dropped. --Milton.
This idle story became important. --Macaulay.
2. Not called into active service; not turned to appropriate
use; unemployed; as, idle hours.
The idle spear and shield were high uphing.
--Milton.
3. Not employed; unoccupied with business; inactive; doing
nothing; as, idle workmen.
Why stand ye here all the day idle? --Matt. xx. 6.
4. Given rest and ease; averse to labor or employment; lazy;
slothful; as, an idle fellow.
5. Light-headed; foolish. [Obs.] --Ford.
{Idle pulley} (Mach.), a pulley that rests upon a belt to
tighten it; a pulley that only guides a belt and is not
used to transmit power.
{Idle wheel} (Mach.), a gear wheel placed between two others,
to transfer motion from one to the other without changing
the direction of revolution.
{In idle}, in vain. [Obs.] ``God saith, thou shalt not take
the name of thy Lord God in idle.'' --Chaucer.
Syn: Unoccupied; unemployed; vacant; inactive; indolent;
sluggish; slothful; useless; ineffectual; futile;
frivolous; vain; trifling; unprofitable; unimportant.
Usage: {Idle}, {Indolent}, {Lazy}. A propensity to inaction
is expressed by each of these words; they differ in
the cause and degree of this characteristic. Indolent
denotes an habitual love to ease, a settled dislike of
movement or effort; idle is opposed to {busy}, and
denotes a dislike of continuous exertion. Lazy is a
stronger and more contemptuous term than indolent.
Idle \I"dle\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Idled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Idling}.]
To lose or spend time in inaction, or without being employed
in business. --Shak.
Idle \I"dle\, v. t.
To spend in idleness; to waste; to consume; -- often followed
by away; as, to idle away an hour a day.
Idle-headed \I"dle-head`ed\, a.
1. Foolish; stupid. [Obs.] ``The superstitious idle-headed
eld.'' --Shak.
2. Delirious; infatuated. [Obs.] --L'Estrange.
Idleness \I"dle*ness\, n. [AS. [=i]delnes.]
The condition or quality of being idle (in the various senses
of that word); uselessness; fruitlessness; triviality;
inactivity; laziness.
Syn: Inaction; indolence; sluggishness; sloth.
Idle-pated \I"dle-pat`ed\, a.
Idle-headed; stupid. [Obs.]
Idler \I"dler\, n.
1. One who idles; one who spends his time in inaction; a lazy
person; a sluggard.
2. (Naut.) One who has constant day duties on board ship, and
keeps no regular watch. --Totten.
3. (Mach.) An idle wheel or pulley. See under {Idle}.
Idless \I"dless\, Idlesse \I"dlesse\, n.
Idleness. [Archaic] ``In ydlesse.'' --Spenser.
And an idlesse all the day Beside a wandering stream.
--Mrs.
Browning.
Idly \I"dly\, adv.
In a idle manner; ineffectually; vainly; lazily; carelessly;
(Obs.) foolishly.
Idocrase \Id"o*crase\ ([i^]d"[-o]*kr[=a]s; 277), n. [Gr. e'i^dos
form + kra^sis mixture, fr. keranny`nai to mix; cf. F.
idocrase.] (Min.)
Same as {Vesuvianite}.
Idol \I"dol\, n. [OE. idole, F. idole, L. idolum, fr. Gr. ?, fr.
? that which is seen, the form, shape, figure, fr. ? to see.
See {Wit}, and cf. {Eidolon}.]
1. An image or representation of anything. [Obs.]
Do her adore with sacred reverence, As th' idol of
her maker's great magnificence. --Spenser.
2. An image of a divinity; a representation or symbol of a
deity or any other being or thing, made or used as an
object of worship; a similitude of a false god.
That they should not worship devils, and idols of
gold. --Rev. ix. 20.
3. That on which the affections are strongly (often
excessively) set; an object of passionate devotion; a
person or thing greatly loved or adored.
The soldier's god and people's idol. --Denham.
4. A false notion or conception; a fallacy. --Bacon.
The idols of preconceived opinion. --Coleridge.
Idolastre \I`do*las"tre\, n. [OE., for idolatre.]
An idolater. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Idolater \I*dol"a*ter\, n. [F. idol[^a]tre: cf. L. idololatres,
Gr. ?. See {Idolatry}.]
1. A worshiper of idols; one who pays divine honors to
images, statues, or representations of anything made by
hands; one who worships as a deity that which is not God;
a pagan.
2. An adorer; a great admirer.
Jonson was an idolater of the ancients. --Bp. Hurd.
Idolatress \I*dol"a*tress\, n.
A female worshiper of idols.
Idolatrical \I`do*lat"ric*al\, a. [Cf. F. idol[^a]trique.]
Idolatrous. [Obs.]
Idolatrize \I*dol"a*trize\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Idolatrized};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Idolatrizing}.]
To worship idols; to pay idolatrous worship.
Idolatrize \I*dol"a*trize\, v. t.
To make in idol of; to idolize.
Idolatrous \I*dol"a*trous\, a.
1. Of or pertaining to idolatry; partaking of the nature of
idolatry; given to idolatry or the worship of false gods;
as, idolatrous sacrifices.
[Josiah] put down the idolatrous priests. --2 Kings
xxiii. 5.
2. Consisting in, or partaking of, an excessive attachment or
reverence; as, an idolatrous veneration for antiquity.
Idolatrously \I*dol"a*trous*ly\, adv.
In a idolatrous manner.
Idolatry \I*dol"a*try\, n.; pl. {Idolatries}. [F. idol[^a]trie,
LL. idolatria, L. idololatria, Fr. Gr. ?; ? idol + ?
service.]
1. The worship of idols, images, or anything which is not
God; the worship of false gods.
His eye surveyed the dark idolatries Of alienated
Judah. --Milton.
2. Excessive attachment or veneration for anything; respect
or love which borders on adoration. --Shak.
Idolish \I"dol*ish\, a.
Idolatrous. [Obs.] --Milton.
Idolism \I"dol*ism\, n.
The worship of idols. [Obs.]
Idolist \I"dol*ist\, n.
A worshiper of idols. [Obs.] --Milton.
Idolize \I"dol*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Idolized}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Idolizing}.]
1. To make an idol of; to pay idolatrous worship to; as, to
idolize the sacred bull in Egypt.
2. To love to excess; to love or reverence to adoration; as,
to idolize gold, children, a hero.
Idolize \I"dol*ize\, v. i.
To practice idolatry. [R.]
To idolize after the manner of Egypt. --Fairbairn.
Idolizer \I"dol*i`zer\, n.
One who idolizes or loves to the point of reverence; an
idolater.
Idoloclast \I*dol"o*clast\, n. [Gr. ? idol + ? to break.]
A breaker of idols; an iconoclast.
Idolographical \I*dol`o*graph"ic*al\, a. [Idol + -graph.]
Descriptive of idols. [R.] --Southey.
Idolous \I"dol*ous\, a.
Idolatrous. [Obs.] --Bale.
Idoneous \I*do"ne*ous\, a. [L. idoneus.]
Appropriate; suitable; proper; fit; adequate. [R.]
An ecclesiastical benefice . . . ought to be conferred
on an idoneous person. --Ayliffe.
Idorgan \Id*or"gan\, n. [Gr. ? form + E. organ.] (Biol.)
A morphological unit, consisting of two or more plastids,
which does not possess the positive character of the person
or stock, in distinction from the physiological organ or
biorgan. See {Morphon}.
Idrialine \Id"ri*a*line\, Idrialite \Id"ri*a*lite\, n. [Cf. F.
idrialine.] (Min.)
A bituminous substance obtained from the mercury mines of
Idria, where it occurs mixed with cinnabar.
Idumean \Id`u*me"an\, a.
Of or pertaining to ancient Idumea, or Edom, in Western Asia.
-- n. An inhabitant of Idumea, an Edomite.
Idyl \I"dyl\, n. [L. idyllium, Gr. ?, fr. ? form; literally, a
little form of image: cf. F. idylle. See {Idol}.]
A short poem; properly, a short pastoral poem; as, the idyls
of Theocritus; also, any poem, especially a narrative or
descriptive poem, written in an eleveted and highly finished
style; also, by extension, any artless and easily flowing
description, either in poetry or prose, of simple, rustic
life, of pastoral scenes, and the like. [Written also
{idyll}.]
Wordsworth's solemn-thoughted idyl. --Mrs.
Browning.
His [Goldsmith's] lovely idyl of the Vicar's home. --F.
Harrison.
Idyllic \I*dyl"lic\, a.
Of or belonging to idyls.
I e \I. e.\
Abbreviation of Latin id est, that is.
If \If\, conj. [OE. if, gif, AS. gif; akin to OFries. ief, gef,
ef, OS. ef, of, D. of, or, whether, if, G. ob whether, if,
OHG. oba, ibu, Icel. ef, Goth. iba, ibai, an interrogative
particle; properly a case form of a noun meaning, doubt (cf.
OHG. iba doubt, condition, Icel. if, ef, ifi, efi), and
therefore orig. meaning, on condition that.]
1. In case that; granting, allowing, or supposing that; --
introducing a condition or supposition.
Tisiphone, that oft hast heard my prayer, Assist, if
[OE]dipus deserve thy care. --Pope.
If thou be the Son of God, command that these stones
be made bread. --Matt. iv. 3.
2. Whether; -- in dependent questions.
Uncertain if by augury or chance. --Dryden.
She doubts if two and two make four. --Prior.
{As if}, {But if}. See under {As}, {But}.
I' faith \I' faith"\
In faith; indeed; truly. --Shak.
Ifere \I*fere"\, a. [Corrupted fr. in fere.]
Together. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Igasuric \Ig`a*su"ric\, a. [See {Igasurine}.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or obtained from, nux vomica or St. Ignatius's
bean; as, igasuric acid.
Igasurine \Ig`a*su"rine\, n. [Malay igasura the nux vomica.]
(Chem.)
An alkaloid found in nux vomica, and extracted as a white
crystalline substance.
Igloo \Ig"loo\, n.
1. An Eskimo snow house.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A cavity, or excavation, made in the snow by a
seal, over its breathing hole in the ice.
Ignatius bean \Ig*na"tius bean`\ (Bot.)
See {Saint Ignatius's bean}, under {Saint}.
Igneous \Ig"ne*ous\, a. [L. igneus, fr. ignis fire; allied to
Skr. agni, Lith. ugnis, OSlav. ogne.]
1. Pertaining to, having the nature of, fire; containing
fire; resembling fire; as, an igneous appearance.
2. (Geol.) Resulting from, or produced by, the action of
fire; as, lavas and basalt are igneous rocks.
Ignescent \Ig*nes"cent\, a. [L. ignescens, p. pr. of ignescere
to become inflamed, fr. ignis fire: cf. F. ignescent.]
Emitting sparks of fire when struck with steel;
scintillating; as, ignescent stones.
Ignicolist \Ig*nic"o*list\, n. [L. ignis fire + colere to
worship.]
A worshiper of fire. [R.]
Igniferous \Ig*nif"er*ous\, a. [L. ignifer; ignis fire + ferre
to bear.]
Producing fire. [R.] --Blount.
Ignifluous \Ig*nif"lu*ous\, a. [L. ignifluus; ignis fire +
fluere to flow.]
Flowing with fire. [Obs.] --Cockerman.
Ignify \Ig"ni*fy\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Ignified}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Ignifying}.] [L. ignis fire + -fy.]
To form into fire. [R.] --Stukeley.
Ignigenous \Ig*nig"e*nous\, a. [L. ignigenus; ignis fire +
genere, ginere, to beget, produce.]
Produced by the action of fire, as lava. [R.]
Ignipotence \Ig*nip"o*tence\, n.
Power over fire. [R.]
Ignipotent \Ig*nip"o*tent\, a. [L. ignipotens; ignis fire +
potens powerful.]
Presiding over fire; also, fiery.
Vulcan is called the powerful ignipotent. --Pope.
Ignis fatuus \Ig"nis fat"u*us\; pl. {Ignes fatui}. [L. ignis
fire + fatuus foolish. So called in allusion to its tendency
to mislead travelers.]
1. A phosphorescent light that appears, in the night, over
marshy ground, supposed to be occasioned by the
decomposition of animal or vegetable substances, or by
some inflammable gas; -- popularly called also
{Will-with-the-wisp}, or {Will-o'-the-wisp}, and
{Jack-with-a-lantern}, or {Jack-o'-lantern}.
2. Fig.: A misleading influence; a decoy.
Scared and guided by the ignis fatuus of popular
superstition. --Jer. Taylor.
Ignite \Ig*nite"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Ignited}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Igniting}.] [L. ignitus, p. p. of ignire to ignite, fr.
ignis fire. See {Igneous}.]
1. To kindle or set on fire; as, to ignite paper or wood.
2. (Chem.) To subject to the action of intense heat; to heat
strongly; -- often said of incombustible or infusible
substances; as, to ignite iron or platinum.
Ignite \Ig*nite"\, v. i.
To take fire; to begin to burn.
Ignitible \Ig*nit"i*ble\, a.
Capable of being ignited.
Ignition \Ig*ni"tion\, n. [Cf. F. ignition.]
1. The act of igniting, kindling, or setting on fire.
2. The state of being ignited or kindled. --Sir T. Browne.
Ignitor \Ig*nit"or\, n.
One who, or that which, produces ignition; especially, a
contrivance for igniting the powder in a torpedo or the like.
[Written also {igniter}.]
Ignivomous \Ig*niv"o*mous\, a. [L. ignivomus; ignis fire +
vomere 8vomit.]
Vomiting fire. [R.]
Ignobility \Ig`no*bil"i*ty\, n. [L. ignobilitas: cf. F.
ignobilit['e].]
Ignobleness. [Obs.] --Bale.
Ignoble \Ig*no"ble\, a. [L. ignobilis; pref. in- not + nobilis
noble: cf. F. ignoble. See {In-} not, and {Noble}, a.]
1. Of low birth or family; not noble; not illustrious;
plebeian; common; humble.
I was not ignoble of descent. --Shak.
Her royal stock graft with ignoble plants. --Shak.
2. Not honorable, elevated, or generous; base.
'T but a base, ignoble mind, That mounts no higher
than a bird can soar. --Shak.
Far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife. --Gray.
3. (Zo["o]l.) Not a true or noble falcon; -- said of certain
hawks, as the goshawk.
Syn: Degenerate; degraded; mean; base; dishonorable;
reproachful; disgraceful; shameful; scandalous;
infamous.
Ignoble \Ig*no"ble\, v. t.
To make ignoble. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Ignobleness \Ig*no"ble*ness\, n.
State or quality of being ignoble.
Ignobly \Ig*no"bly\, adv.
In an ignoble manner; basely.
Ignominious \Ig`no*min"i*ous\, a. [L. ignominiosus: cf. F.
ignominieux.]
1. Marked with ignominy; in curring public disgrace;
dishonorable; shameful.
Then first with fear surprised and sense of pain,
Fled ignominious. --Milton.
2. Deserving ignominy; despicable.
One single, obscure, ignominious projector. --Swift.
3. Humiliating; degrading; as, an ignominious judgment or
sentence. --Macaulay.
Ignominiously \Ig`no*min"i*ous*ly\, adv.
In an ignominious manner; disgracefully; shamefully;
ingloriously.
Ignominy \Ig"no*min*y\, n.; pl. {Ignominies}. [L. ignominia
ignominy (i.e., a deprivation of one's good name); in- not +
nomen name: cf. F. ignominie. See {In-} not, and {Name}.]
1. Public disgrace or dishonor; reproach; infamy.
Their generals have been received with honor after
their defeat; yours with ignominy after conquest.
--Addison.
Vice begins in mistake, and ends in ignominy.
--Rambler.
Ignominy is the infliction of such evil as is made
dishonorable, or the deprivation of such good as is
made honorable by the Common wealth. --Hobbes.
2. An act deserving disgrace; an infamous act.
Syn: Opprobrium; reproach; dishonor.
Ignomy \Ig"no*my\, n.
Ignominy. [R. & Obs.]
I blush to think upon this ignomy. --Shak.
Ignoramus \Ig`no*ra"mus\, n. [L., we are ignorant. See
{Ignore}.]
1. (Law) We are ignorant; we ignore; -- being the word
formerly written on a bill of indictment by a grand jury
when there was not sufficient evidence to warrant them in
finding it a true bill. The phrase now used is, ``No
bill,'' ``No true bill,'' or ``Not found,'' though in some
jurisdictions ``Ignored'' is still used. --Wharton (Law
Dict. ). Burn.
2. (pl. {Ignoramuses}.) A stupid, ignorant person; a vain
pretender to knowledge; a dunce.
An ignoramus in place and power. --South.
Ignorance \Ig"no*rance\, n. [F., fr. L. ignorantia.]
1. The condition of being ignorant; the want of knowledge in
general, or in relation to a particular subject; the state
of being uneducated or uninformed.
Ignorance is the curse of God, Knowledge the wing
wherewith we fly to heaven. --Shak.
2. (Theol.) A willful neglect or refusal to acquire knowledge
which one may acquire and it is his duty to have. --Book
of Common Prayer.
{Invincible ignorance} (Theol.), ignorance beyond the
individual's control and for which, therefore, he is not
responsible before God.
Ignorant \Ig"no*rant\, a. [F., fr. L. ignorans, -antis, p. pr.
of ignorare to be ignorant. See {Ignore}.]
1. Destitute of knowledge; uninstructed or uninformed;
untaught; unenlightened.
He that doth not know those things which are of use
for him to know, is but an ignorant man, whatever he
may know besides. --Tillotson.
2. Unacquainted with; unconscious or unaware; -- used with
of.
Ignorant of guilt, I fear not shame. --Dryden.
3. Unknown; undiscovered. [Obs.]
Ignorant concealment. --Shak.
Alas, what ignorant sin have I committed? --Shak.
4. Resulting from ignorance; foolish; silly.
His shipping, Poor ignorant baubles! -- on our
terrible seas, Like eggshells moved. --Shak.
Syn: Uninstructed; untaught; unenlightened; uninformed;
unlearned; unlettered; illiterate. -- {Ignorant},
{Illiterate}. Ignorant denotes want of knowledge, either
as to single subject or information in general;
illiterate refers to an ignorance of letters, or of
knowledge acquired by reading and study. In the Middle
Ages, a great proportion of the higher classes were
illiterate, and yet were far from being ignorant,
especially in regard to war and other active pursuits.
In such business Action is eloquence, and the eyes
of the ignorant More learned than the ears.
--Shak.
In the first ages of Christianity, not only the
learned and the wise, but the ignorant and
illiterate, embraced torments and death.
--Tillotson.
Ignorant \Ig"no*rant\, n.
A person untaught or uninformed; one unlettered or unskilled;
an ignoramous.
Did I for this take pains to teach Our zealous
ignorants to preach? --Denham.
Ignorantism \Ig"no*rant*ism\, n.
The spirit of those who extol the advantage to ignorance;
obscuriantism.
Ignorantist \Ig"no*rant*ist\, n.
One opposed to the diffusion of knowledge; an obscuriantist.
Ignorantly \Ig"no*rant*ly\, adv.
In a ignorant manner; without knowledge; inadvertently.
Whom therefoer ye ignorantly worship, him declare I
unto you. --Acts xvii.
23.
Ignore \Ig*nore"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Ignored}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Ignoring}.] [L. ignorare; pref. in- not + the root of
gnarus knowing, noscere to become acquainted with. See
{Know}, and cf. {Narrate}.]
1. To be ignorant of or not acquainted with. [Archaic]
Philosophy would solidly be established, if men
would more carefully distinguish those things that
they know from those that they ignore. --Boyle.
2. (Law) To throw out or reject as false or ungrounded; --
said of a bill rejected by a grand jury for want of
evidence. See {Ignoramus}.
3. Hence: To refuse to take notice of; to shut the eyes to;
not to recognize; to disregard willfully and causelessly;
as, to ignore certain facts; to ignore the presence of an
objectionable person.
Ignoring Italy under our feet, And seeing things
before, behind. --Mrs.
Browning.
Ignoscible \Ig*nos"ci*ble\, a. [L. ignoscibilis, fr. ignoscere
to pardon, lit., not to wish to know; pref. in- not +
gnoscere, noscere, to learn to know. See {In-} not, and
{Know}.]
Pardonable. [Obs.] --Bailey.
Ignote \Ig*note"\, a. [L. ignotus; pref. in- not + gnotus,
notus, known, p. p. of gnocere, nocere, to learn to know.]
Unknown. [Obs.] --Sir E. Sandys. -- n. One who is unknown.
--Bp. Hacket.
Iguana \I*gua"na\, n. [Sp. iguana, from the native name in
Hayti. Cf. {Guana}.] (Zo["o]l.)
Any species of the genus {Iguana}, a genus of large American
lizards of the family {Iguanid[ae]}. They are arboreal in
their habits, usually green in color, and feed chiefly upon
fruits.
Note: The common iguana ({I. tuberculata}) of the West Indies
and South America is sometimes five feet long. Its
flesh is highly prized as food. The horned iguana ({I.
cornuta}) has a conical horn between the eyes.
Iguanian \I*gua"ni*an\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Resembling, or pertaining to, the iguana.
Iguanid \I*gua"nid\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Same as {Iguanoid}.
Iguanodon \I*gua"no*don\, n. [Iguana + Gr. ?, ?, a tooth.]
(Paleon.)
A genus of gigantic herbivorous dinosaurs having a birdlike
pelvis and large hind legs with three-toed feet capable of
supporting the entire body. Its teeth resemble those of the
iguana, whence its name. Several species are known, mostly
from the Wealden of England and Europe. See Illustration in
Appendix.
Iguanodont \I*gua"no*dont\, a. (Paleon.)
Like or pertaining to the genus Iguanodon.
Iguanoid \I*gua"noid\, a. [Iguana + -oid.] (Zo["o]l.)
Pertaining to the {Iguanid[ae]}.
Ihlang-ihlang \Ih*lang`-ih*lang"\, n. [Malayan, flower of
flowers.]
A rich, powerful, perfume, obtained from the volatile oil of
the flowers of {Canada odorata}, an East Indian tree. [Also
written {ylang-ylang}.]
Ihram \Ih*ram"\, n.
The peculiar dress worn by pilgrims to Mecca.
Ik \Ik\, pron. [See {I}.]
I. [Obs.] --Piers Plowman.
Note: The Northern dialectic form of I, in Early English,
corresponding to ich of the Southern.
Il- \Il-\
A form of the prefix in-, not, and in-, among. See {In-}.
Ile \Ile\, n. [AS. egl.]
Ear of corn. [Obs.] --Ainsworth.
Ile \Ile\, n. [See {Aisle}.]
An aisle. [Obs.] --H. Swinburne.
Ile \Ile\, n. [See {Isle}.]
An isle. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Ileac \Il"e*ac\, a. [See {Ileum}.]
1. (Anat.) Pertaining to the ileum. [Written also {iliac}.]
2. See {Iliac}, 1. [R.]
{Ileac passion}. (Med.) See {Ileus}.
Ileocaecal \Il`e*o*c[ae]"cal\, a. [Ileum + c[ae]cal.] (Anat.)
Pertaining to the ileum and c[ae]cum.
Ileocolic \Il`e*o*col"ic\, a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to the ileum and colon; as, the ileocolic, or
ileoc[ae]cal, valve, a valve where the ileum opens into the
large intestine.
Ileum \Il"e*um\, n. [L. ile, ileum, ilium, pl. ilia, groin,
flank.]
1. (Anat.) The last, and usually the longest, division of the
small intestine; the part between the jejunum and large
intestine. [Written also {ileon}, and {ilium}.]
2. (Anat.) See {Ilium}. [R.]
Note: Most modern writers restrict ileum to the division of
the intestine and ilium to the pelvic bone.
Ileus \Il"e*us\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?, fr. ? to roll up.]
(Med.)
A morbid condition due to intestinal obstruction. It is
characterized by complete constipation, with griping pains in
the abdomen, which is greatly distended, and in the later
stages by vomiting of fecal matter. Called also {ileac, or
iliac, passion}.
Ilex \I"lex\, n. [L., holm oak.] (Bot.)
(a) The holm oak ({Quercus Ilex}).
(b) A genus of evergreen trees and shrubs, including the
common holly.
Iliac \Il"i*ac\, a. [L. Iliacus, Gr. ?. See {Iliad}.]
Pertaining to ancient Ilium, or Troy. --Gladstone.
Iliac \Il"i*ac\, a. [Cf. F. iliaque. See {Ileum}, and cf. {Jade}
a stone.]
1. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or in the region of, the ilium, or
dorsal bone of the pelvis; as, the iliac artery. [Written
also {ileac}.]
2. See {Ileac}, 1. [R.]
{Iliac crest}, the upper margin of the ilium.
{Iliac passion}. See {Ileus}.
{Iliac region}, a region of the abdomen, on either side of
the hypogastric regions, and below the lumbar regions.
Iliacal \I*li"a*cal\, a.
Iliac. [R.]
liad \l"i*ad\, n. [L. Ilias, -adis, Gr. ?, ? (sc. ?), fr. ?, ?,
Ilium, the city of Ilus, a son of Tros, founder of Ilium,
which is a poetical name of Troy.]
A celebrated Greek epic poem, in twenty-four books, on the
destruction of Ilium, the ancient Troy. The Iliad is ascribed
to Homer.
Ilial \Il"i*al\, a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to the ilium; iliac.
Iliche \I*liche"\, adv. [OE., fr. AS. gel[=i]c. Cf. {Alike}.]
Alike. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Ilicic \I*lic"ic\, a. [L. ilex, ilicis, holm oak.]
Pertaining to, or derived from, the holly ({Ilex}), and
allied plants; as, ilicic acid.
Ilicin \Il"i*cin\, n. (Chem.)
The bitter principle of the holly.
Ilio- \Il"i*o-\ [From {Ilium}.]
A combining form used in anatomy to denote connection with,
or relation to, the ilium; as, ilio-femoral, ilio-lumbar,
ilio-psoas, etc.
Iliofemoral \Il`i*o*fem"o*ral\, a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to the ilium and femur; as, iliofemoral ligaments.
Iliolumbar \Il`i*o*lum"bar\, a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to the iliac and lumbar regions; as, the
iliolumbar artery.
Iliopsoas \Il`i*o*pso"as\, n. (Anat.)
The great flexor muscle of the hip joint, divisible into two
parts, the iliac and great psoas, -- often regarded as
distinct muscles.
Ilium \Il"i*um\, n. [See {Ileum}.] (Anat.)
The dorsal one of the three principal bones comprising either
lateral half of the pelvis; the dorsal or upper part of the
hip bone. See {Innominate bone}, under {Innominate}. [Written
also {ilion}, and {ileum}.]
Ilixanthin \Il`ix*an"thin\, n. [Ilex the genus including the
holly + Gr. ? yellow.] (Chem.)
A yellow dye obtained from the leaves of the holly.
Ilk \Ilk\, a. [Scot. ilk, OE. ilke the same, AS. ilca. Cf.
{Each}.]
Same; each; every. [Archaic] --Spenser.
{Of that ilk}, denoting that a person's surname and the title
of his estate are the same; as, Grant of that ilk, i.e.,
Grant of Grant. --Jamieson.
Ilke \Il"ke\, a. [See {Ilk}.]
Same. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Ilkon \Il*kon"\, Ilkoon \Il*koon"\, pron. [See {Ilk}, and
{One}.]
Each one; every one. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Ill \Ill\, a. [The regular comparative and superlative are
wanting, their places being supplied by worseand worst, from
another root.] [OE. ill, ille, Icel. illr; akin to Sw. illa,
adv., Dan. ilde, adv.]
1. Contrary to good, in a physical sense; contrary or opposed
to advantage, happiness, etc.; bad; evil; unfortunate;
disagreeable; unfavorable.
Neither is it ill air only that maketh an ill seat,
but ill ways, ill markets, and ill neighbors.
--Bacon.
There 's some ill planet reigns. --Shak.
2. Contrary to good, in a moral sense; evil; wicked; wrong;
iniquitious; naughtly; bad; improper.
Of his own body he was ill, and gave The clergy ill
example. --Shak.
3. Sick; indisposed; unwell; diseased; disordered; as, ill of
a fever.
I am in health, I breathe, and see thee ill. --Shak.
4. Not according with rule, fitness, or propriety; incorrect;
rude; unpolished; inelegant.
That 's an ill phrase. --Shak.
{Ill at ease}, uneasy; uncomfortable; anxious. ``I am very
ill at ease.'' --Shak.
{Ill blood}, enmity; resentment.
{Ill breeding}, want of good breeding; rudeness.
{Ill fame}, ill or bad repute; as, a house of ill fame, a
house where lewd persons meet for illicit intercourse.
{Ill humor}, a disagreeable mood; bad temper.
{Ill nature}, bad disposition or temperament; sullenness;
esp., a disposition to cause unhappiness to others.
{Ill temper}, anger; moroseness; crossness.
{Ill turn}.
(a) An unkind act.
(b) A slight attack of illness. [Colloq. U.S.]
{Ill will}, unkindness; enmity; malevolence.
Syn: Bad; evil; wrong; wicked; sick; unwell.
Ill \Ill\, n.
1. Whatever annoys or impairs happiness, or prevents success;
evil of any kind; misfortune; calamity; disease; pain; as,
the ills of humanity.
Who can all sense of others' ills escape Is but a
brute at best in human shape. --Tate.
That makes us rather bear those ills we have Than
fly to others that we know not of. --Shak.
2. Whatever is contrary to good, in a moral sense;
wickedness; depravity; iniquity; wrong; evil.
Strong virtue, like strong nature, struggles still,
Exerts itself, and then throws off the ill.
--Dryden.
Ill \Ill\, adv.
In a ill manner; badly; weakly.
How ill this taper burns! --Shak.
Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey, Where
wealth accumulates and men decay. --Goldsmith.
Note: Ill, like above, well, and so, is used before many
participal adjectives, in its usual adverbal sense.
When the two words are used as an epithet preceding the
noun qualified they are commonly hyphened; in other
cases they are written separatively; as, an
ill-educated man; he was ill educated; an ill-formed
plan; the plan, however ill formed, was acceptable. Ao,
also, the following: ill-affected or ill affected,
ill-arranged or ill arranged, ill-assorted or ill
assorted, ill-boding or ill boding, ill-bred or ill
bred, ill-conditioned, ill-conducted, ill-considered,
ill-devised, ill-disposed, ill-doing, ill-fairing,
ill-fated, ill-favored, ill-featured, ill-formed,
ill-gotten, ill-imagined, ill-judged, ill-looking,
ill-mannered, ill-matched, ill-meaning, ill-minded,
ill-natured, ill-omened, ill-proportioned,
ill-provided, ill-required, ill-sorted, ill-starred,
ill-tempered, ill-timed, ill-trained, ill-used, and the
like.
I' ll \I' ll\
Contraction for I will or I shall.
I'll by a sign give notice to our friends. --Shak.
Illabile \Il*lab"ile\, a.
Incapable of falling or erring; infalliable. [Obs.] --
{Il`la*bil"i*ty}, n. [Obs.]
Illacerable \Il*lac"er*a*ble\, a. [L. illacerabilis: cf. F.
illac['e]rable. See {In-} not, and {Lacerable}.]
Not lacerable; incapable of being torn or rent. [Obs.]
Illacrymable \Il*lac"ry*ma*ble\, a. [L. illacrimabilis; pref.
il- not + lacrimabilis worthy of tears.]
Incapable of weeping. [Obs.] --Bailey.
Illapsable \Il*laps"a*ble\, a. [Pref. il- not + lapsable.]
Incapable of slipping, or of error. [R.]
Morally immutable and illapsable. --Glanvill.
Illapse \Il*lapse"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Illapsed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Illapsing}.] [L. illapsus, p. p. of illabi; pref. il-
in + labi to fall, slide.]
To fall or glide; to pass; -- usually followed by into.
--Cheyne.
Illapse \Il*lapse"\, n. [L. illapsus. See {Illapse}, v. i.]
A gliding in; an immisson or entrance of one thing into
another; also, a sudden descent or attack. --Akenside.
They sit silent . . . waiting for an illapse of the
spirit. --Jeffrey.
Illaqueable \Il*la"que*a*ble\, a.
Capable of being insnared or entrapped. [R.] --Cudworth.
Illaqueate \Il*la"que*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Illaqueated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Illaqueating}.] [L. illaqueatus, p. p. of
illaqueare; pref. il- in + laqueare to insnare, fr. laqueus,
noose, snare.]
To insnare; to entrap; to entangle; to catch.
Let not the surpassing eloquence of Taylor dazzle you,
nor his scholastic retiary versatility of logic
illaqueate your good sense. --Coleridge.
Illaqueation \Il*la`que*a"tion\, n.
1. The act of catching or insnaring. [R.] --Sir T. Browne.
2. A snare; a trap. --Johnson.
Illation \Il*la"tion\, n. [L. illatio, fr. illatus, used as p.
p. of inferre to carry or bring in, but from a different
root: cf. F. illation. See 1st {In-}, and {Tolerate}, and cf.
{Infer}.]
The act or process of inferring from premises or reasons;
perception of the connection between ideas; that which is
inferred; inference; deduction; conclusion.
Fraudulent deductions or inconsequent illations from a
false conception of things. --Sir T.
Browne.
Illative \Il"la*tive\, a. [L. illativus: cf. F. illatif.]
Relating to, dependent on, or denoting, illation;
inferential; conclusive; as, an illative consequence or
proposition; an illative word, as then, therefore, etc.
{Illative conversion} (Logic), a converse or reverse
statement of a proposition which in that form must be true
because the original proposition is true.
{Illative sense} (Metaph.), the faculty of the mind by which
it apprehends the conditions and determines upon the
correctness of inferences.
Illative \Il"la*tive\, n.
An illative particle, as for, because.
Illatively \Il"la*tive*ly\, adv.
By inference; as an illative; in an illative manner.
Illaudable \Il*laud"a*ble\, a. [L. illaudabilis. See {In-} not,
and {Laudable}.]
Not laudable; not praise-worthy; worthy of censure or
disapprobation. --Milton. -- {Il*laud"a*bly}, adv. [Obs.]
Broome.
Ill-boding \Ill`-bod"ing\, a.
Boding evil; inauspicious; ill-omened. ``Ill-boding stars.''
--Shak.
Ill-bred \Ill"-bred`\, a.
Badly educated or brought up; impolite; incivil; rude. See
Note under {Ill}, adv.
Illecebration \Il*lec`e*bra"tion\, n. [See {Illecebrous}.]
Allurement. [R.] --T. Brown.
Illecebrous \Il*lec"e*brous\, a. [L. illecebrosus, fr. illecebra
allurement, fr. illicere to allure.]
Alluring; attractive; enticing. [Obs.] --Sir T. Elyot.
Illegal \Il*le"gal\, a. [Pref. il- not + legal: cf. F.
ill['e]gal.]
Not according to, or authorized by, law; specif., contrary
to, or in violation of, human law; unlawful; illicit; hence,
immoral; as, an illegal act; illegal trade; illegal love.
--Bp. Burnet.
Illegality \Il`le*gal"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Illegalities}. [Cf. F.
ill['e]galit['e].]
The quality or condition of being illegal; unlawfulness; as,
the illegality of trespass or of false imprisonment; also, an
illegal act.
Illegalize \Il*le"gal*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Illegalized};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Illegalizing}.]
To make or declare illegal or unlawful.
Illegally \Il*le"gal*ly\, adv.
In a illegal manner; unlawfully.
Illegalness \Il*le"gal*ness\, n.
Illegality, unlawfulness.
Illegibility \Il*leg`i*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being illegible.
Illegible \Il*leg"i*ble\, a.
Incapable of being read; not legible; as, illegible
handwriting; an illegible inscription. --
{Il*leg"i*ble*ness}, n. -- {Il*leg"i*bly}, adv.
Illegitimacy \Il`le*git"i*ma*cy\, n.
The state of being illegitimate. --Blackstone.
Illegitimate \Il`le*git"i*mate\, a.
1. Not according to law; not regular or authorized; unlawful;
improper.
2. Unlawfully begotten; born out of wedlock; bastard; as, an
illegitimate child.
3. Not legitimately deduced or inferred; illogical; as, an
illegitimate inference.
4. Not authorized by good usage; not genuine; spurious; as,
an illegitimate word.
{Illegitimate fertilization}, or {Illegitimate union} (Bot.),
the fertilization of pistils by stamens not of their own
length, in heterogonously dimorphic and trimorphic
flowers. --Darwin.
Illegitimate \Il`le*git"i*mate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Illegitimated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Illegitimating}.]
To render illegitimate; to declare or prove to be born out of
wedlock; to bastardize; to illegitimatize.
The marriage should only be dissolved for the future,
without illegitimating the issue. --Bp. Burnet.
Illegitimately \Il`le*git"i*mate*ly\, adv.
In a illegitimate manner; unlawfully.
Illegitimation \Il`le*git`i*ma"tion\, n.
1. The act of illegitimating; bastardizing.
2. The state of being illegitimate; illegitimacy. [Obs.]
Gardiner had performed his promise to the queen of
getting her illegitimation taken off. --Bp. Burnet.
Illegitimatize \Il`le*git"i*ma*tize\, v. t.
To render illegitimate; to bastardize.
Illesive \Il*le"sive\, a. [Pref. il- not + L. laedere, laesum,
to injure.]
Not injurious; harmless. [R.]
Illeviable \Il*lev"i*a*ble\, a.
Not leviable; incapable of being imposed, or collected. [R.]
--Sir M. Hale.
Ill-favored \Ill`-fa"vored\, a.
Wanting beauty or attractiveness; deformed; ugly;
ill-looking.
Ill-favored and lean-fleshed. --Gen. xli. 3.
-- {Ill`-fa"vored*ly}, adv. -- {Ill`-fa"vored*ness}, n.
Illiberal \Il*lib"er*al\, a. [L. illiberalis; pref. il- not +
liberalis liberal: cf. F. illib['e]ral.]
1. Not liberal; not free or generous; close; niggardly; mean;
sordid. ``A thrifty and illiberal hand.'' --Mason.
2. Indicating a lack of breeding, culture, and the like;
ignoble; rude; narrow-minded; disingenuous.
3. Not well authorized or elegant; as, illiberal words in
Latin. [R.] --Chesterfield.
Illiberalism \Il*lib"er*al*ism\, n.
Illiberality. [R.]
Illiberality \Il*lib`er*al"i*ty\, n. [L. illiberalitas: cf. F.
illib['e]ralit['e].]
The state or quality of being illiberal; narrowness of mind;
meanness; niggardliness. --Bacon.
Illiberalize \Il*lib"er*al*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Illiberalized}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Illiberalizing}.]
To make illiberal.
Illiberally \Il*lib"er*al*ly\, adv.
In a illiberal manner, ungenerously; uncharitably;
parsimoniously.
Illiberalness \Il*lib"er*al*ness\, n.
The state of being illiberal; illiberality.
Illicit \Il*lic"it\, a. [L. illicitus; pref. il- not + licitus,
p. p. of licere to be allowed or permitted: cf. F. illicite.
See {In-} not, and {License}.]
Not permitted or allowed; prohibited; unlawful; as, illicit
trade; illicit intercourse; illicit pleasure.
One illicit . . . transaction always leads to another.
--Burke.
-- {Il*lic"it*ly}, adv. -- {Il*lic"it*ness}, n.
Illicitous \Il*lic"it*ous\, a.
Illicit. [R.] --Cotgrave.
Illicium \Il*li"ci*um\, n. [So called, in allusion to its aroma,
from L. illicium an allurement.] (Bot.)
A genus of Asiatic and American magnoliaceous trees, having
star-shaped fruit; star anise. The fruit of Illicium anisatum
is used as a spice in India, and its oil is largely used in
Europe for flavoring cordials, being almost identical with
true oil of anise.
Illighten \Il*light"en\, v. t.
To enlighten. [Obs.]
Illimitable \Il*lim"it*a*ble\, a. [Pref. il- not + limitable:
cf. F. illimitable.]
Incapable of being limited or bounded; immeasurable;
limitless; boundless; as, illimitable space.
The wild, the irregular, the illimitable, and the
luxuriant, have their appropriate force of beauty. --De
Quincey.
Syn: Boundless; limitless; unlimited; unbounded;
immeasurable; infinite; immense; vast. --
{Il*lim"it*a*ble*ness}, n. -- {Il*lim"it*a*bly}, adv.
Illimitation \Il*lim`it*a"tion\, n. [Pref. il- not + limitation:
cf. F. illimitation.]
State of being illimitable; want of, or freedom from,
limitation. --Bp. Hall.
Illimited \Il*lim"it*ed\, a.
Not limited; interminable. --Bp. Hall. --
{Il*lim"it*ed*ness}, n.
The absoluteness and illimitedness of his commission
was generally much spoken of. --Clarendon.
Illinition \Il`li*ni"tion\, n. [L. illinire, illinere, to
besmear; pref. il- in, on + linire, linere, to smear.]
1. A smearing or rubbing in or on; also, that which is
smeared or rubbed on, as ointment or liniment.
2. A thin crust of some extraneous substance formed on
minerals. [R.]
A thin crust or illinition of black manganese.
--Kirwan.
Illinois \Il`li*nois"\, n.sing. & pl. (Ethnol.)
A tribe of North American Indians, which formerly occupied
the region between the Wabash and Mississippi rivers.
Illiquation \Il`li*qua"tion\, n. [Pref. il- in + L. liquare to
melt.]
The melting or dissolving of one thing into another.
Illish \Ill"ish\, a.
Somewhat ill. [Obs.] --Howell.
Illision \Il*li"sion\, n. [L. illisio, fr. illidere, illisum, to
strike against; pref. il- in + laedere to strike.]
The act of dashing or striking against. --Sir T. Browne.
Illiteracy \Il*lit"er*a*cy\, n.; pl. {Illiteracies}. [From
{Illiterate}.]
1. The state of being illiterate, or uneducated; want of
learning, or knowledge; ignorance; specifically, inability
to read and write; as, the illiteracy shown by the last
census.
2. An instance of ignorance; a literary blunder.
The many blunders and illiteracies of the first
publishers of his [Shakespeare's] works. --Pope.
Illiteral \Il*lit"er*al\, a.
Not literal. [R.] --B. Dawson.
Illiterate \Il*lit"er*ate\, a. [L. illiteratus: pref. il- not +
literatus learned. See {In-} not, and {Literal}.]
Ignorant of letters or books; unlettered; uninstructed;
uneducated; as, an illiterate man, or people.
Syn: Ignorant; untaught; unlearned; unlettered; unscholary.
See {Ignorant}. -- {Il*lit"er*ate*ly}, adv. --
{Il*lit"er*ate*ness}, n.
Illiterature \Il*lit"er*a*ture\, n.
Want of learning; illiteracy. [R.] --Ayliffe. Southey.
Ill-judged \Ill"-judged`\, a.
Not well judged; unwise.
Ill-lived \Ill"-lived`\, a.
Leading a wicked life. [Obs.]
Ill-looking \Ill"-look`ing\, a.
Having a bad look; threatening; ugly. See Note under {Ill},
adv.
Ill-mannered \Ill`-man"nered\, a.
Impolite; rude.
Ill-minded \Ill"-mind`ed\, a.
Ill-disposed. --Byron.
Ill-natured \Ill`-na"tured\, a.
1. Of habitual bad temper; peevish; fractious; cross;
crabbed; surly; as, an ill-natured person.
2. Dictated by, or indicating, ill nature; spiteful. ``The
ill-natured task refuse.'' --Addison.
3. Intractable; not yielding to culture. [R.] ``Ill-natured
land.'' --J. Philips. -- {Ill`-na"tured*ly}, adv. --
{Ill`-na"tured*ness}, n.
Illness \Ill"ness\, n. [From {Ill}.]
1. The condition of being ill, evil, or bad; badness;
unfavorableness. [Obs.] ``The illness of the weather.''
--Locke.
2. Disease; indisposition; malady; disorder of health;
sickness; as, a short or a severe illness.
3. Wrong moral conduct; wickedness. --Shak.
Syn: Malady; disease; indisposition; ailment.
Usage: {Illness}, {Sickness}. Within the present century,
there has been a tendency in England to use illness in
the sense of a continuous disease, disorder of health,
or sickness, and to confine sickness more especially
to a sense of nausea, or ``sickness of the stomach.''
Ill-nurtured \Ill"-nur`tured\, a.
Ill-bred. --Shak.
Illocality \Il`lo*cal"i*ty\, n.
Want of locality or place. [R.] --Cudworth.
Illogical \Il*log"ic*al\, a.
Ignorant or negligent of the rules of logic or correct
reasoning; as, an illogical disputant; contrary of the rules
of logic or sound reasoning; as, an illogical inference. --
{Il*log"ic*al*ly}, adv. -- {Il*log"ic*al*ness}, n.
Ill-omened \Ill`-o"mened\, a.
Having unlucky omens; inauspicious. See Note under {Ill},
adv.
Ill-starred \Ill"-starred`\, a.
Fated to be unfortunate; unlucky; as, an ill-starred man or
day.
Ill-tempered \Ill`-tem"pered\, a.
1. Of bad temper; morose; crabbed; sour; peevish; fretful;
quarrelsome.
2. Unhealthy; ill-conditioned. [Obs.]
So ill-tempered I am grown, that I am afraid I shall
catch cold, while all the world is afraid to melt
away. --Pepys.
Ill-timed \Ill"-timed`\, a.
Done, attempted, or said, at an unsuitable or unpropitious
time.
Illtreat \Ill`treat"\, v. t.
To treat cruelly or improperly; to ill use; to maltreat.
Illude \Il*lude"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Illuded}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Illuding}.] [L. illudere, illusum; pref. il- in + ludere
to play: cf. OF. illuder. See {Ludicrous}.]
To play upon by artifice; to deceive; to mock; to excite and
disappoint the hopes of.
Illume \Il*lume"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Illumed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Illuming}.] [Cf. F. illuminer. See {Illuminate}.]
To throw or spread light upon; to make light or bright; to
illuminate; to illumine. --Shak.
The mountain's brow, Illumed with fluid gold.
--Thomson.
Illuminable \Il*lu"mi*na*ble\, a.
Capable of being illuminated.
Illuminant \Il*lu"mi*nant\, n. [L. illuminans, -antis, p. pr. of
illuminare.]
That which illuminates or affords light; as, gas and
petroleum are illuminants. --Boyle.
Illuminary \Il*lu"mi*na*ry\, a.
Illuminative.
Illuminate \Il*lu"mi*nate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Illuminated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Illuminating}.] [L. illuminatus, p. p. of
illuminare; pref. il- in + luminare to enlighten, fr. lumen
light. See {Luminous}, and cf. {Illume}, {Illumine},
{Enlimn}, {Limn}.]
1. To make light; to throw light on; to supply with light,
literally or figuratively; to brighten.
2. To light up; to decorate with artificial lights, as a
building or city, in token of rejoicing or respect.
3. To adorn, as a book or page with borders, initial letters,
or miniature pictures in colors and gold, as was done in
manuscripts of the Middle Ages.
4. To make plain or clear; to dispel the obscurity to by
knowledge or reason; to explain; to elucidate; as, to
illuminate a text, a problem, or a duty.
Illuminate \Il*lu"mi*nate\, v. i.
To light up in token or rejoicing.
Illuminate \Il*lu"mi*nate\, a. [L. illuminatus, p. p.]
Enlightened. --Bp. Hall.
Illuminate \Il*lu"mi*nate\, n.
One who enlightened; esp., a pretender to extraordinary light
and knowledge.
Illuminati \Il*lu`mi*na"ti\, n. pl. [L. illuminatus. See
{Illuminate}, v. t., and cf. {Illuminee}.]
Literally, those who are enlightened; -- variously applied as
follows:
1. (Eccl.) Persons in the early church who had received
baptism; in which ceremony a lighted taper was given them,
as a symbol of the spiritual illumination they has
received by that sacrament.
2. (Eccl. Hist.) Members of a sect which sprung up in Spain
about the year 1575. Their principal doctrine was, that,
by means of prayer, they had attained to so perfect a
state as to have no need of ordinances, sacraments, good
works, etc.; -- called also {Alumbrados},
{Perfectibilists}, etc.
3. (Mod. Hist.) Members of certain associations in Modern
Europe, who combined to promote social reforms, by which
they expected to raise men and society to perfection, esp.
of one originated in 1776 by Adam Weishaupt, professor of
canon law at Ingolstadt, which spread rapidly for a time,
but ceased after a few years.
4. Also applied to:
(a) An obscure sect of French Familists;
(b) The Hesychasts, Mystics, and Quietists;
(c) The Rosicrucians.
5. Any persons who profess special spiritual or intellectual
enlightenment.
Illuminating \Il*lu"mi*na`ting\, a.
Giving or producing light; used for illumination.
{Illuminating gas}. See {Gas}, n., 2
(a) .
Illumination \Il*lu`mi*na"tion\, n. [L. illuminatio: cf. F.
illumination.]
1. The act of illuminating, or supplying with light; the
state of being illuminated.
2. Festive decoration of houses or buildings with lights.
3. Adornment of books and manuscripts with colored
illustrations. See {Illuminate}, v. t., 3.
4. That which is illuminated, as a house; also, an ornamented
book or manuscript.
5. That which illuminates or gives light; brightness;
splendor; especially, intellectual light or knowledge.
The illumination which a bright genius giveth to his
work. --Felton.
6. (Theol.) The special communication of knowledge to the
mind by God; inspiration.
Hymns and psalms . . . are framed by meditation
beforehand, or by prophetical illumination are
inspired. --Hooker.
Illuminatism \Il*lu"mi*na*tism\, n.
Illuminism. [R.]
Illuminative \Il*lu"mi*na*tive\, a. [Cf. F. illuminatif.]
Tending to illuminate or illustrate; throwing light;
illustrative. ``Illuminative reading.'' --Carlyle.
Illuminator \Il*lu"mi*na`tor\, n. [L., an enlightener, LL. also,
an illuminator of books.]
1. One whose occupation is to adorn books, especially
manuscripts, with miniatures, borders, etc. See
{Illuminate}, v. t., 3.
2. A condenser or reflector of light in optical apparatus;
also, an illuminant.
Illumine \Il*lu"mine\, v. t. [Cf. F. illuminer. See
{Illuminate}.]
To illuminate; to light up; to adorn.
Illuminee \Il*lu`mi*nee"\, n. [F. illumin['e]. Cf.
{Illuminati}.]
One of the Illuminati.
Illuminer \Il*lu"mi*ner\, n.
One who, or that which, illuminates.
Illuminism \Il*lu"mi*nism\, n. [Cf. F. illuminisme.]
The principles of the Illuminati.
Illuministic \Il*lu`mi*nis"tic\, a.
Of or pertaining to illuminism, or the Illuminati.
Illuminize \Il*lu"mi*nize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Illuminized};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Illuminizing}.]
To initiate the doctrines or principles of the Illuminati.
Illuminous \Il*lu"mi*nous\, a.
Bright; clear. [R.] --H. Taylor.
Illure \Il*lure"\, v. t. [Pref. il- in + lure.]
To deceive; to entice; to lure. [Obs.]
The devil insnareth the souls of many men, by illuring
them with the muck and dung of this world. --Fuller.
Ill-used \Ill`-used"\, a.
Misapplied; treated badly.
Illusion \Il*lu"sion\, n. [F. illusion, L. illusio, fr.
illudere, illusum, to illude. See {Illude}.]
1. An unreal image presented to the bodily or mental vision;
a deceptive appearance; a false show; mockery;
hallucination.
To cheat the eye with blear illusions. --Milton.
2. Hence: Anything agreeably fascinating and charning;
enchantment; witchery; glamour.
Ye soft illusions, dear deceits, arise! --Pope.
3. (Physiol.) A sensation originated by some external object,
but so modified as in any way to lead to an erroneous
perception; as when the rolling of a wagon is mistaken for
thunder.
Note: Some modern writers distinguish between an illusion and
hallucination, regarding the former as originating with
some external object, and the latter as having no
objective occasion whatever.
4. A plain, delicate lace, usually of silk, used for veils,
scarfs, dresses, etc.
Syn: Delusion; mockery; deception; chimera; fallacy. See
{Delusion}. {Illusion}, {Delusion}. Illusion refers
particularly to errors of the sense; delusion to false
hopes or deceptions of the mind. An optical deception is
an illusion; a false opinion is a delusion. --E.
Edwards.
Illusionable \Il*lu"sion*a*ble\, a.
Liable to illusion.
Illusionist \Il*lu"sion*ist\, n.
One given to illusion; a visionary dreamer.
Illusive \Il*lu"sive\, a. [See {Illude}.]
Deceiving by false show; deceitful; deceptive; false;
illusory; unreal.
Truth from illusive falsehood to command. --Thomson.
Illusively \Il*lu"sive*ly\, adv.
In a illusive manner; falsely.
Illusiveness \Il*lu"sive*ness\, n.
The quality of being illusive; deceptiveness; false show.
Illusory \Il*lu"so*ry\, a. [Cf. F. illusore.]
Deceiving, or tending of deceive; fallacious; illusive; as,
illusory promises or hopes.
Illustrable \Il*lus"tra*ble\, a.
Capable of illustration. --Sir T. Browne.
Illustrate \Il*lus"trate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Illustrated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Illustrating}.] [L. illustratus, p. p. of
illustrare to illustrate, fr. illustris bright. See
{Illustrious}.]
1. To make clear, bright, or luminous.
Here, when the moon illustrates all the sky.
--Chapman.
2. To set in a clear light; to exhibit distinctly or
conspicuously. --Shak.
To prove him, and illustrate his high worth.
--Milton.
3. To make clear, intelligible, or apprehensible; to
elucidate, explain, or exemplify, as by means of figures,
comparisons, and examples.
4. To adorn with pictures, as a book or a subject; to
elucidate with pictures, as a history or a romance.
5. To give renown or honor to; to make illustrious; to
glorify. [Obs.]
Matter to me of glory, whom their hate Illustrates.
--Milton.
Illustrate \Il*lus"trate\, a. [L. illustratus, p. p.]
Illustrated; distinguished; illustrious. [Obs.]
This most gallant, illustrate, and learned gentleman.
--Shak.
Illustration \Il`lus*tra"tion\, n. [L. illustratio: cf. F.
illustration.]
1. The act of illustrating; the act of making clear and
distinct; education; also, the state of being illustrated,
or of being made clear and distinct.
2. That which illustrates; a comparison or example intended
to make clear or apprehensible, or to remove obscurity.
3. A picture designed to decorate a volume or elucidate a
literary work.
Illustrative \Il*lus"tra*tive\, a.
1. Tending or designed to illustrate, exemplify, or
elucidate.
2. Making illustrious. [Obs.]
Illustratively \Il*lus"tra*tive*ly\, adv.
By way of illustration or elucidation. [R.] --Sir T. Browne.
Illustrator \Il*lus"tra*tor\, n. [L.]
One who illustrates.
Illustratory \Il*lus"tra*to*ry\, a.
Serving to illustrate.
Illustrious \Il*lus"tri*ous\, a. [L. illustris, prob. for
illuxtris; fr. il- in + the root of lucidus bright: cf. F.
illustre. See {Lucid}.]
1. Possessing luster or brightness; brilliant; luminous;
splendid.
Quench the light; thine eyes are guides illustrious.
--Beau. & Fl.
2. Characterized by greatness, nobleness, etc.; eminent;
conspicuous; distinguished.
Illustrious earls, renowened everywhere. --Drayton.
3. Conferring luster or honor; renowned; as, illustrious
deeds or titles.
Syn: Distinguished; famous; remarkable; brilliant;
conspicuous; noted; celebrated; signal; renowened;
eminent; exalted; noble; glorious. See {Distinguished},
{Famous}.
Illustriously \Il*lus"tri*ous*ly\, adv.
In a illustrious manner; conspicuously; eminently; famously.
--Milton.
Illustriousness \Il*lus"tri*ous*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being eminent; greatness; grandeur;
glory; fame.
Illustrous \Il*lus"trous\, a. [Pref. il- not + lustrous.]
Without luster. [Obs. & R.]
Illutation \Il`lu*ta"tion\, n. [Pref. il- in + L. lutum mud: cf.
F. illutation.]
The act or operation of smearing the body with mud,
especially with the sediment from mineral springs; a mud
bath.
Illuxurious \Il`lux*u"ri*ous\, a.
Not luxurious. [R.] --Orrery.
Ill-will \Ill`-will"\
See under {Ill}, a.
Ill-wisher \Ill`-wish"er\, n.
One who wishes ill to another; an enemy.
Illy \Il"ly\, adv. [A word not fully approved, but sometimes
used for the adverb ill.] Ilmenite \Il"men*ite\, n. [So
called from Ilmen, a branch of the Ural Mountains.] (Min.)
Titanic iron. See {Menaccanite}.
Ilmenium \Il*me"ni*um\, n. [NL. See {Ilmenite}.] (Chem.)
A supposed element claimed to have been discovered by
R.Harmann.
Ilvaite \Il"va*ite\, n. [From L. Ilva, the island now called
Elba.] (Min.)
A silicate of iron and lime occurring in black prismatic
crystals and columnar masses.
I'm \I'm\
A contraction of I am.
Im- \Im-\
A form of the prefix in- not, and in- in. See {In-}. Im- also
occurs in composition with some words not of Latin origin;
as, imbank, imbitter.
Image \Im"age\, n. [F., fr. L. imago, imaginis, from the root of
imitari to imitate. See {Imitate}, and cf. {Imagine}.]
1. An imitation, representation, or similitude of any person,
thing, or act, sculptured, drawn, painted, or otherwise
made perceptible to the sight; a visible presentation; a
copy; a likeness; an effigy; a picture; a semblance.
Even like a stony image, cold and numb. --Shak.
Whose is this image and superscription? --Matt.
xxii. 20.
This play is the image of a murder done in Vienna.
--Shak.
And God created man in his own image. --Gen. i. 27.
2. Hence: The likeness of anything to which worship is paid;
an idol. --Chaucer.
Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, . .
. thou shalt not bow down thyself to them. --Ex. xx.
4, 5.
3. Show; appearance; cast.
The face of things a frightful image bears.
--Dryden.
4. A representation of anything to the mind; a picture drawn
by the fancy; a conception; an idea.
Can we conceive Image of aught delightful, soft, or
great? --Prior.
5. (Rhet.) A picture, example, or illustration, often taken
from sensible objects, and used to illustrate a subject;
usually, an extended metaphor. --Brande & C.
6. (Opt.) The figure or picture of any object formed at the
focus of a lens or mirror, by rays of light from the
several points of the object symmetrically refracted or
reflected to corresponding points in such focus; this may
be received on a screen, a photographic plate, or the
retina of the eye, and viewed directly by the eye, or with
an eyeglass, as in the telescope and microscope; the
likeness of an object formed by reflection; as, to see
one's image in a mirror.
{Electrical image}. See under {Electrical}.
{Image breaker}, one who destroys images; an iconoclast.
{Image graver}, {Image maker}, a sculptor.
{Image worship}, the worship of images as symbols; iconolatry
distinguished from idolatry; the worship of images
themselves.
{Image Purkinje} (Physics), the image of the retinal blood
vessels projected in, not merely on, that membrane.
{Virtual image} (Optics), a point or system of points, on one
side of a mirror or lens, which, if it existed, would emit
the system of rays which actually exists on the other side
of the mirror or lens. --Clerk Maxwell.
Image \Im"age\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imaged}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Imaging}.]
1. To represent or form an image of; as, the still lake
imaged the shore; the mirror imaged her figure. ``Shrines
of imaged saints.'' --J. Warton.
2. To represent to the mental vision; to form a likeness of
by the fancy or recollection; to imagine.
Condemn'd whole years in absence to deplore, And
image charms he must behold no more. --Pope.
Imageable \Im"age*a*ble\, a.
That may be imaged. [R.]
Imageless \Im"age*less\, a.
Having no image. --Shelley.
Imager \Im"a*ger\, n.
One who images or forms likenesses; a sculptor. [Obs.]
Praxiteles was ennobled for a rare imager. --Holland.
Imagery \Im"age*ry\, n. [OE. imagerie, F. imagerie.]
1. The work of one who makes images or visible representation
of objects; imitation work; images in general, or in mass.
``Painted imagery.'' --Shak.
In those oratories might you see Rich carvings,
portraitures, and imagery. --Dryden.
2. Fig.: Unreal show; imitation; appearance.
What can thy imagery of sorrow mean? --Prior.
3. The work of the imagination or fancy; false ideas;
imaginary phantasms.
The imagery of a melancholic fancy. --Atterbury.
4. Rhetorical decoration in writing or speaking; vivid
descriptions presenting or suggesting images of sensible
objects; figures in discourse.
I wish there may be in this poem any instance of
good imagery. --Dryden.
Imaginability \Im*ag`i*na*bil"i*ty\, n.
Capacity for imagination. [R.] --Coleridge.
Imaginable \Im*ag"i*na*ble\, a. [L. imaginabilis: cf. F.
imaginable.]
Capable of being imagined; conceivable.
Men sunk into the greatest darkness imaginable.
--Tillotson.
-- {Im*ag"i*na*ble*ness}, n. -- {Im*ag"i*na*bly}, adv.
Imaginal \Im*ag"i*nal\, a. [L. imaginalis.]
1. Characterized by imagination; imaginative; also, given to
the use or rhetorical figures or imagins.
2. (Zo["o]l.) Of or pertaining to an imago.
{Imaginal disks} (Zo["o]l.), masses of hypodermic cells,
carried by the larv[ae] of some insects after leaving the
egg, from which masses the wings and legs of the adult are
subsequently formed.
Imaginant \Im*ag"i*nant\, a. [L. imaginans, p. pr. of imaginari:
cf. F. imaginant.]
Imagining; conceiving. [Obs.] --Bacon. -- n. An imaginer.
[Obs.] --Glanvill.
Imaginarily \Im*ag"i*na*ri*ly\, a.
In a imaginary manner; in imagination. --B. Jonson.
Imaginariness \Im*ag"i*na*ri*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being imaginary; unreality.
Imaginary \Im*ag"i*na*ry\, a. [L. imaginarius: cf. F.
imaginaire.]
Existing only in imagination or fancy; not real; fancied;
visionary; ideal.
Wilt thou add to all the griefs I suffer Imaginary ills
and fancied tortures? --Addison.
{Imaginary calculus} See under {Calculus}.
{Imaginary expression} or {quantity} (Alg.), an algebraic
expression which involves the impossible operation of
taking the square root of a negative quantity; as,
[root]-9, a + b [root]-1.
{Imaginary points}, {lines}, {surfaces}, etc. (Geom.),
points, lines, surfaces, etc., imagined to exist, although
by reason of certain changes of a figure they have in fact
ceased to have a real existence.
Syn: Ideal; fanciful; chimerical; visionary; fancied; unreal;
illusive.
Imaginary \Im*ag"i*na*ry\, n. (Alg.)
An imaginary expression or quantity.
Imaginate \Im*ag"i*nate\, a.
Imaginative. [Obs.] --Holland.
Imagination \Im*ag`i*na"tion\, n. [OE. imaginacionum, F.
imagination, fr. L. imaginatio. See {Imagine}.]
1. The imagine-making power of the mind; the power to create
or reproduce ideally an object of sense previously
perceived; the power to call up mental imagines.
Our simple apprehension of corporeal objects, if
present, is sense; if absent, is imagination.
--Glanvill.
Imagination is of three kinds: joined with belief of
that which is to come; joined with memory of that
which is past; and of things present, or as if they
were present. --Bacon.
2. The representative power; the power to reconstruct or
recombine the materials furnished by direct apprehension;
the complex faculty usually termed the plastic or creative
power; the fancy.
The imagination of common language -- the productive
imagination of philosophers -- is nothing but the
representative process plus the process to which I
would give the name of the ``comparative.'' --Sir W.
Hamilton.
The power of the mind to decompose its conceptions,
and to recombine the elements of them at its
pleasure, is called its faculty of imagination. --I.
Taylor.
The business of conception is to present us with an
exact transcript of what we have felt or perceived.
But we have moreover a power of modifying our
conceptions, by combining the parts of different
ones together, so as to form new wholes of our
creation. I shall employ the word imagination to
express this power. --Stewart.
3. The power to recombine the materials furnished by
experience or memory, for the accomplishment of an
elevated purpose; the power of conceiving and expressing
the ideal.
The lunatic, the lover, and the poet Are of
imagination all compact . . . The poet's eye, in a
fine frenzy rolling, Doth glance from heaven to
earth, from earth to heaven, And as imagination
bodies forth The forms of things unknown, the poet's
pen Turns them to shapes, and gives to airy nothing
A local habitation and a name. --Shak.
4. A mental image formed by the action of the imagination as
a faculty; a conception; a notion. --Shak.
Syn: Conception; idea; conceit; fancy; device; origination;
invention; scheme; design; purpose; contrivance.
Usage: {Imagination}, {Fancy}. These words have, to a great
extent, been interchanged by our best writers, and
considered as strictly synonymous. A distinction,
however, is now made between them which more fully
exhibits their nature. Properly speaking, they are
different exercises of the same general power -- the
plastic or creative faculty. Imagination consists in
taking parts of our conceptions and combining them
into new forms and images more select, more striking,
more delightful, more terrible, etc., than those of
ordinary nature. It is the higher exercise of the two.
It creates by laws more closely connected with the
reason; it has strong emotion as its actuating and
formative cause; it aims at results of a definite and
weighty character. Milton's fiery lake, the debates of
his Pandemonium, the exquisite scenes of his Paradise,
are all products of the imagination. Fancy moves on a
lighter wing; it is governed by laws of association
which are more remote, and sometimes arbitrary or
capricious. Hence the term fanciful, which exhibits
fancy in its wilder flights. It has for its actuating
spirit feelings of a lively, gay, and versatile
character; it seeks to please by unexpected
combinations of thought, startling contrasts, flashes
of brilliant imagery, etc. Pope's Rape of the Lock is
an exhibition of fancy which has scarcely its equal in
the literature of any country. -- ``This, for
instance, Wordsworth did in respect of the words
`imagination' and `fancy.' Before he wrote, it was, I
suppose, obscurely felt by most that in `imagination'
there was more of the earnest, in `fancy' of the play
of the spirit; that the first was a loftier faculty
and gift than the second; yet for all this words were
continually, and not without loss, confounded. He
first, in the preface to his Lyrical Ballads, rendered
it henceforth impossible that any one, who had read
and mastered what he has written on the two words,
should remain unconscious any longer of the important
difference between them.'' --Trench.
The same power, which we should call fancy if
employed on a production of a light nature,
would be dignified with the title of imagination
if shown on a grander scale. --C. J. Smith.
Imaginational \Im*ag`i*na"tion*al\, a.
Pertaining to, involving, or caused by, imagination.
Imaginationalism \Im*ag`i*na"tion*al*ism\, n.
Idealism. --J. Grote.
Imaginative \Im*ag"i*na*tive\, a. [F. imaginatif.]
1. Proceeding from, and characterized by, the imagination,
generally in the highest sense of the word.
In all the higher departments of imaginative art,
nature still constitutes an important element.
--Mure.
2. Given to imagining; full of images, fancies, etc.; having
a quick imagination; conceptive; creative.
Milton had a highly imaginative, Cowley a very
fanciful mind. --Coleridge.
3. Unreasonably suspicious; jealous. [Obs.] --Chaucer. --
{Im*ag"i*na*tive*ly}, adv. -- {Im*ag"i*na*tive*ness}, n.
Imagine \Im*ag"ine\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imagined}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Imagining}.] [F. imaginer, L. imaginari, p. p.
imaginatus, fr. imago image. See {Image}.]
1. To form in the mind a notion or idea of; to form a mental
image of; to conceive; to produce by the imagination.
In the night, imagining some fear, How easy is a
bush supposed a bear! --Shak.
2. To contrive in purpose; to scheme; to devise; to compass;
to purpose. See {Compass}, v. t., 5.
How long will ye imagine mischief against a man?
--Ps. lxii. 3.
3. To represent to one's self; to think; to believe. --Shak.
Syn: To fancy; conceive; apprehend; think; believe; suppose;
opine; deem; plan; scheme; devise.
Imagine \Im*ag"ine\, v. i.
1. To form images or conceptions; to conceive; to devise.
2. To think; to suppose.
My sister is not so defenseless left As you imagine.
--Milton.
Imaginer \Im*ag"in*er\, n.
One who forms ideas or conceptions; one who contrives.
--Bacon.
Imaginous \Im*ag"in*ous\, a.
Imaginative. [R.] --Chapman.
Imago \I*ma"go\, n.; pl. {Imagoes}. [L. See {Image}.]
1. An image.
2. (Zo["o]l.) The final adult, and usually winged, state of
an insect. See Illust. of {Ant-lion}, and {Army worm}.
Imam \I*mam"\, Iman \I*man"\, Imaum \I*maum"\, n. [Ar. im[=a]m.]
1. Among the Mohammedans, a minister or priest who performs
the regular service of the mosque.
2. A Mohammedan prince who, as a successor of Mohammed,
unites in his person supreme spiritual and temporal power.
Imaret \I*ma"ret\, n. [Turk., fr. Ar. 'im[=a]ra.]
A lodging house for Mohammedan pilgrims. --Moore.
Imbalm \Im*balm"\, v. t.
See {Embalm}.
Imban \Im*ban"\, v. t.
To put under a ban. [R.] --Barlow.
Imband \Im*band"\, v. t.
To form into a band or bands. ``Imbanded nations.'' --J.
Barlow.
Imbank \Im*bank"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imbanked}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Imbanking}.] [Pref. im- in + bank. Cf. {Embank}.]
To inclose or defend with a bank or banks. See {Embank}.
Imbankment \Im*bank"ment\, n.
The act of surrounding with a bank; a bank or mound raised
for defense, a roadway, etc.; an embankment. See
{Embankment}.
Imbannered \Im*ban"nered\, a.
Having banners.
Imbar \Im*bar"\, v. t.
To bar in; to secure. [Obs.]
To imbar their crooked titles. --Shak.
Imbargo \Im*bar"go\, n.
See {Embargo}.
Imbark \Im*bark"\, v. i. & t.
See {Embark}.
Imbarn \Im*barn"\, v. t.
To store in a barn. [Obs.]
Imbase \Im*base"\, v. t.
See {Embase}.
Imbase \Im*base"\, v. i.
To diminish in value. [Obs.] --Hales.
Imbastardize \Im*bas"tard*ize\, v. t.
To bastardize; to debase. [Obs.] --Milton.
Imbathe \Im*bathe"\, v. t. [Pref. im- in + bathe. Cf.
{Embathe}.]
To bathe; to wash freely; to immerce.
And gave her to his daughters to imbathe In nectared
lavers strewed with asphodel. --Milton.
Imbay \Im*bay"\, v. t.
See {Embay}.
Imbecile \Im"be*cile\, a. [L. imbecillis, and imbecillus; of
unknown origin: cf. F. imb['e]cile.]
Destitute of strength, whether of body or mind; feeble;
impotent; esp., mentally wea; feeble-minded; as, hospitals
for the imbecile and insane.
Syn: Weak; feeble; feeble-minded; idiotic.
Imbecile \Im"be*cile\, n.
One destitute of strength; esp., one of feeble mind.
Imbecile \Im"be*cile\, v. t.
To weaken; to make imbecile; as, to imbecile men's courage.
[Obs.] --Jer. Taylor.
Imbecilitate \Im`be*cil"i*tate\, v. t.
To weaken, as to the body or the mind; to enfeeble. [R.] --A.
Wilson.
Imbecility \Im`be*cil"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Imbecilities}. [L.
imbecillitas: cf. F. imb['e]cillit['e].]
The quality of being imbecile; weakness; feebleness, esp. of
mind.
Cruelty . . . argues not only a depravedness of nature,
but also a meanness of courage and imbecility of mind.
--Sir W.
Temple.
Note: This term is used specifically to denote natural
weakness of the mental faculties, affecting one's power
to act reasonably or intelligently.
Syn: Debility; infirmity; weakness; feebleness; impotence.
See {Debility}.
Imbed \Im*bed"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imbedded}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Imbedding}.] [Pref. im- in + bed. Cf. {Embed}.]
To sink or lay, as in a bed; to deposit in a partly inclosing
mass, as of clay or mortar; to cover, as with earth, sand,
etc.
Imbellic \Im*bel"lic\, a. [L. imbellis; pref. im- = in- not +
bellum war; cf. bellicus warlike.]
Not warlike or martial. [Obs.] --R. Junius.
Imbenching \Im*bench"ing\, n. [Pref. im- in + bench.]
A raised work like a bench. [Obs.] --Parkhurst.
Imber-goose \Im"ber-goose`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The loon. See {Ember-goose}.
Imbezzle \Im*bez"zle\, v. t. [Obs.]
See {Embezzle}.
Imbibe \Im*bibe"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imbibed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Imbibing}.] [L. imbibere; pref. im- in + bibere to drink:
cf. F. imbiber. Cf. {Bib}, {Imbue}, {Potable}.]
1. To drink in; to absorb; to suck or take in; to receive as
by drinking; as, a person imbibes drink, or a sponge
imbibes moisture.
2. To receive or absorb into the mind and retain; as, to
imbibe principles; to imbibe errors.
3. To saturate; to imbue. [Obs.] ``Earth, imbibed with . . .
acid.'' --Sir I. Newton.
Imbiber \Im*bib"er\, n.
One who, or that which, imbibes.
Imbibition \Im`bi*bi"tion\, n. [Cf. F. imbibition.]
The act or process of imbibing, or absorbing; as, the
post-mortem imbibition of poisons. --Bacon.
Imbitter \Im*bit"ter\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imbittered}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Imbittering}.] [Pref. im- in + bitter. Cf.
{Embitter}.] [Written also {embitter}.]
To make bitter; hence, to make distressing or more
distressing; to make sad, morose, sour, or malignant.
Is there anything that more imbitters the enjoyment of
this life than shame? --South.
Imbittered against each other by former contests.
--Bancroft.
Imbitterer \Im*bit"ter*er\, n.
One who, or that which, imbitters.
Imbitterment \Im*bit"ter*ment\, n.
The act of imbittering; bitter feeling; embitterment.
Imblaze \Im*blaze"\, v. t.
See {Emblaze}.
Imblazon \Im*bla"zon\, v. t.
See {Emblazon}.
Imbody \Im*bod"y\, v. i. [See {Embody}.]
To become corporeal; to assume the qualities of a material
body. See {Embody}.
The soul grows clotted by contagion, Imbodies, and
imbrutes. --Milton.
Imboil \Im*boil"\, v. t. & i. [Obs.]
See {Emboil}.
Imbolden \Im*bold"en\, v. t.
See {Embolden}.
Imbonity \Im*bon"i*ty\, n. [Pref. im- not + L. bonitas
goodness.]
Want of goodness. [Obs.] --Burton.
Imborder \Im*bor"der\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imbordered}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Imbordering}.] [Pref. im- in + border. Cf.
{Emborder}.]
To furnish or inclose with a border; to form a border of.
--Milton.
Imbosk \Im*bosk"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imbosked}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Imbosking}.] [CF. It. imboscare to imbosk, imboscarsi to
retire into a wood; pref. im- in + bosco wood. See {Boscage},
and cf. {Ambush}.]
To conceal, as in bushes; to hide. [Obs.] --Shelton.
Imbosk \Im*bosk"\, v. i.
To be concealed. [R.] --Milton.
Imbosom \Im*bos"om\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imbosomed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Imbosoming}.] [Pref. im- in + bosom. Cf. {Embosom}.]
1. To hold in the bosom; to cherish in the heart or
affection; to embosom.
2. To inclose or place in the midst of; to surround or
shelter; as, a house imbosomed in a grove. ``Villages
imbosomed soft in trees.'' --Thomson.
The Father infinite, By whom in bliss imbosomed sat
the Son. --Milton.
Imboss \Im*boss"\, v. t.
See {Emboss}.
Imbosture \Im*bos"ture\, n. [See {Emboss}.]
Embossed or raised work. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
Imbound \Im*bound"\, v. t.
To inclose in limits; to shut in. [Obs.] --Shak.
Imbow \Im*bow"\, v. t. [Pref. im- in + bow. Cf. {Embow}.]
To make like a bow; to curve; to arch; to vault; to embow.
``Imbowed windows.'' --Bacon.
Imbowel \Im*bow"el\, v. t.
See {Embowel}.
Imbower \Im*bow"er\, v. t. & i.
See {Embower}.
Imbowment \Im*bow"ment\, n.
act of imbowing; an arch; a vault. --Bacon.
Imbox \Im*box"\, v. t.
To inclose in a box.
Imbracery \Im*bra"cer*y\, n.
Embracery. [Obs.]
Imbraid \Im*braid"\, v. t. [Obs.]
See {Embraid}.
Imbrangle \Im*bran"gle\, v. t.
To entangle as in a cobweb; to mix confusedly. [R.]
--Hudibras.
Physiology imbrangled with an inapplicable logic.
--Coleridge.
Imbreed \Im*breed"\, v. t. [Cf. {Inbreed}.]
To generate within; to inbreed. [Obs.] --Hakewill.
Imbricate \Im"bri*cate\, Imbricated \Im"bri*ca`ted\, a. [L.
imbricatus, p. p. of imbricare to cover with tiles, to form
like a gutter tile, fr. imbrex, -icis, a hollow tile, gutter
tile, fr. imber rain.]
1. Bent and hollowed like a roof or gutter tile.
2. Lying over each other in regular order, so as to ``break
joints,'' like tiles or shingles on a roof, the scales on
the leaf buds of plants and the cups of some acorns, or
the scales of fishes; overlapping each other at the
margins, as leaves in [ae]stivation.
3. In decorative art: Having scales lapping one over the
other, or a representation of such scales; as, an
imbricated surface; an imbricated pattern.
Imbricate \Im"bri*cate\, v. t.
To lay in order, one lapping over another, so as to form an
imbricated surface.
Imbrication \Im`bri*ca"tion\, n. [Cf. F. imbrication.]
An overlapping of the edges, like that of tiles or shingles;
hence, intricacy of structure; also, a pattern or decoration
representing such a structure.
Imbricative \Im"bri*ca*tive\, a. (Bot.)
Imbricate.
Imbrocado \Im`bro*ca"do\, n.; pl. {Imbrocadoes}. [See
{Brocade}.]
Cloth of silver or of gold. [R.]
Imbrocata \Im`bro*ca"ta\, Imbroccata \Im`broc*ca"ta\, n. [It.
imbroccata.]
A hit or thrust. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Imbroglio \Im*brogl"io\, n.; pl. {Imbroglios}. [Written also
{embroglio}.] [It. See 1st {Broil}, and cf. {Embroil}.]
1. An intricate, complicated plot, as of a drama or work of
fiction.
2. A complicated and embarrassing state of things; a serious
misunderstanding.
Wrestling to free itself from the baleful imbroglio.
--Carlyle.
Imbrown \Im*brown"\, v. t. [Pref. im- in + brown. Cf.
{Embrown}.]
To make brown; to obscure; to darken; to tan; as, features
imbrowned by exposure.
The mountain mass by scorching skies imbrowned.
--Byron.
Imbrue \Im*brue"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imbureed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Imbureing}.] [Cf. OF. embruer, also embruver, embreuver,
embrever, to give to drink, soak (see pref. {En-}, 1, 1st
{In-}, and {Breverage}), but also OE. enbrewen, enbrowen, to
stain, soil (cf. {Brewis}).]
To wet or moisten; to soak; to drench, especially in blood.
While Darwen stream, will blood of Scots imbrued.
--Milton.
Imbruement \Im*brue"ment\, n.
The act of imbruing or state of being imbrued.
Imbrute \Im*brute"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imbruted}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Imbruting}.] [Pref. im- in + brute: cf. F. abrutir.
Cf. {Embrute}.]
To degrade to the state of a brute; to make brutal.
And mixed with bestial slime, THis essence to incarnate
and imbrute. --Milton.
Imbrute \Im*brute"\, v. i.
To sink to the state of a brute.
The soul grows clotted by contagion, Imbodies, and
imbrutes, till she quite lose The divine property of
her first being. --Milton.
Imbrutement \Im*brute"ment\, n.
The act of imbruting, or the state of being imbruted. [R.]
--Brydges.
Imbue \Im*bue"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imbued}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Imbuing}.] [L. imbuere; pref. im- in + perh. a disused
simple word akin to L. bibere to drink. Cf. {Imbibe}.]
1. To tinge deeply; to dye; to cause to absorb; as, clothes
thoroughly imbued with black.
2. To tincture deply; to cause to become impressed or
penetrated; as, to imbue the minds of youth with good
principles.
Thy words with grace divine Imbued, bring to their
sweetness no satiety. --Milton.
Imbuement \Im*bue"ment\, n.
The act of imbuing; the state of being imbued; hence, a deep
tincture.
Imburse \Im*burse"\, v. t. [Pref. im- in + burse: cf. F.
embourser to put into one's purse. See {Burse}, and {Purse}.]
To supply or stock with money. [Obs.]
Imbursement \Im*burse"ment\, n.
1. The act of imbursing, or the state of being imbursed.
[Obs.]
2. Money laid up in stock. [Obs.]
Imbution \Im*bu"tion\, n.
An imbuing. [Obs.]
Imesatin \I*mes"a*tin\, n. [Imide + isatin.] (Chem.)
A dark yellow, crystalline substance, obtained by the action
of ammonia on isatin.
Imide \Im"ide\, n. (Chem.)
A compound with, or derivative of, the imido group; specif.,
a compound of one or more acid radicals with the imido group,
or with a monamine; hence, also, a derivative of ammonia, in
which two atoms of hydrogen have been replaced by divalent
basic or acid radicals; -- frequently used as a combining
form; as, succinimide.
Imido \Im"i*do\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, containing, or combined with, the radical NH,
which is called the imido group.
{Imido acid}, an organic acid, consisting of one or more acid
radicals so united with the imido group that it contains
replaceable acid hydrogen, and plays the part of an acid;
as, uric acid, succinimide, etc., are imido acids.
Imitability \Im`it*a*bil"i*ty\, n. [See {Imitable}.]
The quality of being imitable. --Norris.
Imitable \Im"i*ta*ble\, a. [L. imitabilis: cf. F. imitable. See
{Imitate}.]
1. Capble of being imitated or copied.
The characters of man placed in lower stations of
life are more usefull, as being imitable by great
numbers. --Atterbury.
2. Worthy of imitation; as, imitable character or qualities.
--Sir W. Raleigh.
Imitableness \Im"i*ta*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being imitable; worthness of
imitation.
Imitancy \Im"i*tan*cy\, n. [From L. imitans, p. pr. of imitare.]
Tendency to imitation. [R.] --Carlyle.
Imitate \Im"i*tate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imitated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Imitating}.] [L. imitatus, p. p. of imitari to
imitate; of unknown origin. Cf. {Image}.]
1. To follow as a pattern, model, or example; to copy or
strive to copy, in acts, manners etc.
Despise wealth and imitate a dog. --Cowlay.
2. To produce a semblance or likeness of, in form, character,
color, qualities, conduct, manners, and the like; to
counterfeit; to copy.
A place picked out by choice of best alive The
Nature's work by art can imitate. --Spenser.
This hand appeared a shining sword to weild, And
that sustained an imitated shield. --Dryden.
3. (Biol.) To resemble (another species of animal, or a
plant, or inanimate object) in form, color, ornamentation,
or instinctive habits, so as to derive an advantage
thereby; sa, when a harmless snake imitates a venomous one
in color and manner, or when an odorless insect imitates,
in color, one having secretion offensive to birds.
Imitation \Im"i*ta"tion\, n. [L. imitatio: cf. F. imitation.]
1. The act of imitating.
Poesy is an art of imitation, . . . that is to say,
a representing, counterfeiting, or figuring forth.
--Sir P.
Sidney.
2. That which is made or produced as a copy; that which is
made to resemble something else, whether for laudable or
for fraudulent purposes; likeness; resemblance.
Both these arts are not only true imitations of
nature, but of the best nature. --Dryden.
3. (Mus.) One of the principal means of securing unity and
consistency in polyphonic composition; the repetition of
essentially the same melodic theme, phrase, or motive, on
different degrees of pitch, by one or more of the other
parts of voises. Cf. {Canon}.
4. (Biol.) The act of condition of imitating another species
of animal, or a plant, or unanimate object. See {Imitate},
v. t., 3.
Note: Imitation is often used adjectively to characterize
things which have a deceptive appearance, simulating
the qualities of a superior article; -- opposed to
{real} or {genuine}; as, imitation lace; imitation
bronze; imitation modesty, etc.
Imitational \Im`i*ta"tion*al\, a.
Pertaining to, or employed in, imitation; as, imitational
propensities.
Imitative \Im"i*ta*tive\, a. [L. imitavitus: cf. F. imitatif.]
1. Inclined to imitate, copy, or follow; imitating;
exhibiting some of the qualities or characteristics of a
pattern or model; dependent on example; not original; as,
man is an imitative being; painting is an imitative art.
2. Formed after a model, pattern, or original.
This temple, less in form, with equal grace, Was
imitative of the first in Thrace. --Dryden.
3. (Nat. Hist.) Designed to imitate another species of
animal, or a plant, or inanimate object, for some useful
purpose, such as protection from enemies; having
resamblance to something else; as, imitative colors;
imitative habits; dendritic and mammillary forms of
minerals are imitative. -- {Im"i*ta*tive*ly}, adv. --
{Im"i*ta*tive*ness}, n.
Imitative \Im"i*ta*tive\, n. (Gram.)
A verb expressive of imitation or resemblance. [R.]
Imitater \Im"i*ta"ter\, n. [L.]
One who imitates.
Imitatorship \Im"i*ta`tor*ship\, n.
The state or office of an imitator. ``Servile imitatorship.''
--Marston.
Imitatress \Im"i*ta`tress\, n.
A woman who is an imitator.
Imitatrix \Im"i*ta`trix\, n.
An imitatress.
Immaculate \Im*mac"u*late\, a. [L. immaculatus; pref. im- not +
maculatus, p. p. of maculare to spot, stane, fr. macula spot.
See {Mail} armor.]
Without stain or blemish; spotless; undefiled; clear; pure.
Were but my soul as pure From other guilt as that,
Heaven did not hold One more immaculate. --Denham.
Thou sheer, immaculate and silver fountain. --Shak.
{Immaculate conception} (R. C. Ch.), the doctrine that the
Virgin Mary was conceived without original sin. --
{Im*mac"u*late*ly}, adv. -- {Im*mac"u*late*ness}, n.
Immailed \Im*mailed"\, a.
Wearing mail or armor; clad of armor. --W. Browne.
Immalleable \Im*mal"le*a*ble\, a.
Not maleable.
Immanacle \Im*man"a*cle\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Immanacled}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Immanacling}.]
To manacle; to fetter; hence; to confine; to restrain from
free action.
Although this corporal rind Thou hast immanacled.
--Milton.
Immanation \Im"ma*na"tion\, n. [Pref. im- in + L. manare to
flow; cf. mantio a flowing.]
A flowing or entering in; -- opposed to emanation. [R.]
--Good.
Immane \Im*mane"\, a. [L. immanis.]
Very great; huge; vast; also, monstrous in character;
inhuman; atrocious; fierce. [Obs.] ``So immane a man.''
--Chapman. -- {Im*mane"ly}, adv. [Obs.]
Immanence \Im"ma*nence\, Immanency \Im"ma*nen*cy\, n.
The condition or quality of being immanent; inherence; an
indwelling.
[Clement] is mainly concerned in enforcing the
immanence of God. Christ is everywhere presented by him
as Deity indwelling in the world. --A. V. G.
Allen.
Immanent \Im"ma*nent\, a. [L. immanens, p. pr. of immanere to
remain in or near; pref. im- in + manere to remain: cf. F.
immanent.]
Remaining within; inherent; indwelling; abiding; intrinsic;
internal or subjective; hence, limited in activity, agency,
or effect, to the subject or associated acts; -- opposed to
{emanant}, {transitory}, {transitive}, or {objective}.
A cognition is an immanent act of mind. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
An immanent power in the life of the world. --Hare.
Immanifest \Im*man"i*fest\, a.
Not manifest. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Immanity \Im*man"i*ty\, n. [L. immanitas.]
The state or quality of being immane; barbarity. [R.] --Shak.
Immantle \Im*man"tle\, v. t.
See {Emmantle}. [R.]
Immanuel \Im*man"u*el\, n. [Heb. 'imm[=a]n?[=e]l, fr. 'im with +
[=a]n? us + [=e]l God.]
God with us; -- an appellation of the Christ. --Is. vii. 14.
Matt. i. 23.
Immarcescible \Im`mar*ces"ci*ble\, a. [L. immarcescibilis; pref.
im- not + marcescere to fade: cf. F. immarcescible.]
Unfading; lasting. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Immarcescibly \Im`mar*ces"ci*bly\, adv.
Unfadingly. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Immarginate \Im*mar"gin*ate\, a. (Bot.)
Not having a distinctive margin or border. --Grey.
Immartial \Im*mar"tial\, a.
Not martial; unwarlike. [Obs.]
Immask \Im*mask"\, v. t.
To cover, as with a mask; to disguise or conceal. [R.]
--Shak.
Immatchable \Im*match"a*ble\, a.
Matchless; peerless. [Obs.] --Holland.
Immaterial \Im`ma*te"ri*al\ ([i^]m`m[.a]*t[=e]"r[i^]*al), a.
[Pref. im- not + material: cf. F. immat['e]riel.]
1. Not consisting of matter; incorporeal; spiritual;
disembodied.
Angels are spirits immaterial and intellectual.
--Hooker.
2. Of no substantial consequence; without weight or
significance; unimportant; as, it is wholly immaterial
whether he does so or not.
Syn: Unimportant; inconsequential; insignificant;
inconsiderable; trifling.
Immaterialism \Im`ma*te"ri*al*ism\, n. [Cf. F.
immat['e]rialisme.]
1. The doctrine that immaterial substances or spiritual being
exist, or are possible.
2. (Philos.) The doctrine that external bodies may be reduced
to mind and ideas in a mind; any doctrine opposed to
materialism or phenomenalism, esp. a system that maintains
the immateriality of the soul; idealism; esp., Bishop
Berkeley's theory of idealism.
Immaterialist \Im`ma*te"ri*al*ist\, n. [Cf. F.
immat['e]rialiste.] (Philos.)
One who believes in or professes, immaterialism.
Immateriality \Im`ma*te`ri*al"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Immaterialities}.
[Cf. F. immat['e]rialit['e].]
The state or quality of being immaterial or incorporeal; as,
the immateriality of the soul.
Immaterialize \Im`ma*te"ri*al*ize\, v. t. [Cf. F.
immat['e]rialiser.]
To render immaterial or incorporeal.
Immateralized spirits. --Glanvill.
Immaterially \Im`ma*te"ri*al*ly\, adv.
1. In an immaterial manner; without matter or corporeal
substance.
2. In an unimportant manner or degree.
Immaterialness \Im`ma*te"ri*al*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being immaterial; immateriality.
Immateriate \Im`ma*te"ri*ate\, a.
Immaterial. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Immature \Im`ma*ture"\, a. [L. immaturus; pref. im- not +
maturus mature, ripe. See {Mature}.]
1. Not mature; unripe; not arrived at perfection of full
development; crude; unfinished; as, immature fruit;
immature character; immature plans. ``An ill-measured and
immature counsel.'' --Bacon.
2. Premature; untimely; too early; as, an immature death.
[R.] --Jer. Taylor.
Immatured \Im`ma*tured"\, a.
Immature.
Immaturely \Im`ma*ture"ly\, adv.
In an immature manner. --Warburion.
Immatureness \Im`ma*ture"ness\, n.
The state or quality of being immature; immaturity. --Boyle.
Immaturity \Im`ma*tu"ri*ty\, n. [L. immaturitas: cf. F.
immaturit['e].]
The state or quality of being immature or not fully
developed; unripeness; incompleteness.
When the world has outgrown its intellectual
immaturity. --Caird.
Immeability \Im`me*a*bil"i*ty\, n. [Pref. im- not + L. meabilis
passable, fr. meare to pass.]
Want of power to pass, or to permit passage; impassableness.
Immeability of the juices. --Arbuthnot.
Immeasurability \Im*meas`ur*a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being immeasurable; immensurability.
Immeasurable \Im*meas"ur*a*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not + measurable:
cf. F. measurable. Cf. {Immensurable}, {Unmeasurable}.]
Incapble of being measured; indefinitely extensive;
illimitable; immensurable; vast.
Of depth immeasurable. --Milton.
Immeasurableness \Im*meas"ur*a*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being immeasurable.
Eternity and immeasurableness belong to thought alone.
--F. W.
Robertson.
Immeasurably \Im*meas"ur*a*bly\, adv.
In an immeasurable manner or degree. ``Immeasurably
distant.'' --Wordsworth.
Immeasured \Im*meas"ured\, a.
Immeasurable. [R.] --Spenser.
Immechanical \Im`me*chan"ic*al\, a.
Not mechanical. [Obs.] --Cheyne. -- {Im"me*chan"ic*al*ly},
adv. [Obs.]
Immediacy \Im*me"di*a*cy\, n.
The relation of freedom from the interventionof a medium;
immediateness. --Shak.
Immediate \Im*me"di*ate\, a. [F. imm['e]diat. See {In-} not, and
{Mediate}.]
1. Not separated in respect to place by anything intervening;
proximate; close; as, immediate contact.
You are the most immediate to our throne. --Shak.
2. Not deferred by an interval of time; present; instant.
``Assemble we immediate council.'' --Shak.
Death . . . not yet inflicted, as he feared, By some
immediate stroke. --Milton.
3. Acting with nothing interposed or between, or without the
intervention of another object as a cause, means, or
agency; acting, perceived, or produced, directly; as, an
immediate cause.
The immediate knowledge of the past is therefore
impossible. --Sir. W.
Hamilton.
{Immediate amputation} (Surg.), an amputation performed
within the first few hours after an injury, and before the
the effects of the shock have passed away.
Syn: Proximate; close; direct; next.
Immediately \Im*me"di*ate*ly\, adv.
1. In an immediate manner; without intervention of any other
person or thing; proximately; directly; -- opposed to
{mediately}; as, immediately contiguous.
God's acceptance of it either immediately by
himself, or mediately by the hands of the bishop.
--South.
2. Without interval of time; without delay; promptly;
instantly; at once.
And Jesus . . . touched him, saying, I will; be thou
clean. And immediately his leprosy was cleansed.
--Matt. viii.
3.
3. As soon as. Cf. {Directly}, 8, Note.
Syn: Directly; instantly; quickly; forthwith; straightway;
presently. See {Directly}.
Immediateness \Im*me"di*ate*ness\, n.
The quality or relations of being immediate in manner, place,
or time; exemption from second or interventing causes. --Bp.
Hall.
Immedeatism \Im*me"de*a*tism\, n.
Immediateness.
Immedicable \Im*med"i*ca*ble\, a. [L. Immedicabilis. See {In-}
not, and {Medicable}.]
Not to be healed; incurable. ``Wounds immedicable.''
--Milton.
Immelodious \Im`me*lo"di*ous\, a.
Not melodious.
Immemorable \Im*mem"o*ra*ble\, a. [L. immemorabilis; pref. im-
not + memorabilis memorable: cf. F. imm['e]morable. See
{Memorable}.]
Not memorable; not worth remembering. --Johnson.
Immemorial \Im`me*mo"ri*al\, a. [Pref. im- not + memorial: cf.
F. imm['e]morial.]
Extending beyond the reach of memory, record, or tradition;
indefinitely ancient; as, existing from time immemorial.
``Immemorial elms.'' --Tennyson. ``Immemorial usage or
custom.'' --Sir M. Hale.
{Time immemorial} (Eng. Law.), a time antedating (legal)
history, and beyond ``legal memory'' so called; formerly
an indefinite time, but in 1276 this time was fixed by
statute as the begining of the reign of Richard I. (1189).
Proof of unbroken possession or use of any right since
that date made it unnecessary to establish the original
grant. In 1832 the plan of dating legal memory from a
fixed time was abandoned and the principle substituted
that rights which had been enjoyed for full twenty years
(or as against the crown thirty years) should not be
liable to impeachment merely by proving that they had not
been enjoyed before.
Immemorially \Im`me*mo"ri*al*ly\, adv.
Beyond memory. --Bentley.
Immense \Im*mense"\, a. [L. immensus; pref. im- not + mensus, p.
p. of metiri to measure: cf. F. immense. See {Measure}.]
Immeasurable; unlimited. In commonest use: Very great; vast;
huge. ``Immense the power'' --Pope. ``Immense and boundless
ocean.'' --Daniel.
O Goodness infinite! Goodness immense! --Milton.
Syn: Infinite; immeasurable; illimitable; unbounded;
unlimited; interminable; vast; prodigious; enormous;
monstrous. See {Enormous}.
Immensely \Im*mense"ly\, adv.
In immense manner or degree.
Immenseness \Im*mense"ness\, n.
The state of being immense.
Immensible \Im*men"si*ble\, a. [Immense + -ible.]
Immeasurable. [Obs.] --Davies.
Immensity \Im*men"si*ty\, n.; pl. {Immensities}. [L. immensitas:
cf. F. immensit['e].]
The state or quality of being immense; inlimited or
immeasurable extension; infinity; vastness in extent or bulk;
greatness.
Lost in the wilds of vast immensity. --Blackmore.
The immensity of the material system. --I. Taylor.
Immensive \Im*men"sive\, a.
Huge. [Obs.] --Herrick.
Immensurability \Im*men`su*ra*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being immensurable.
Immensurable \Im*men"su*ra*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not + L.
mensurabilis measurable: cf. F. immensurable. Cf.
{Immeasurable}.]
Immeasurable.
What an immensurable space is the firmament. --Derham.
Immensurate \Im*men"su*rate\, a. [Pref. im- not + mensurate.]
Unmeasured; unlimited. [R.] --W. Montagu.
Immerge \Im*merge"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Immerged}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Immerging}.] [L. immergere; pref. im- in + mergere to
dip, plunge: cf. F. immerger. See {Merge}, and cf.
{Immerse}.]
To plungel into, under, or within anything especially a fuid;
to dip; to immerse. See {Immerse}.
We took . . . lukewarm water, and in it immerged a
quantity of the leaves of senna. --Boyle.
Their souls are immerged in matter. --Jer. Taylor.
Immerge \Im*merge"\, v. i.
To dissapear by entering into any medium, as a star into the
light of the sun. [R.]
Immerit \Im*mer"it\, n.
Want of worth; demerit. [R.] --Suckling.
Immerited \Im*mer"it*ed\, a.
Unmerited. [Obs.] --Charles I.
Immeritous \Im*mer"it*ous\, a. [L. immeritus; pref. im- not +
meritus, p. p. of merere, mereri, to deserve.]
Undeserving. [Obs.] --Milton.
Immersable \Im*mers"a*ble\, a.
See {Immersible}.
Immerse \Im*merse"\, a. [L. immersus, p. p. of immergere. See
{Immerge}.]
Immersed; buried; hid; sunk. [Obs.] ``Things immerse in
matter.'' --Bacon.
Immerse \Im*merse"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Immersed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Immersing}.]
1. To plunge into anything that surrounds or covers,
especially into a fluid; to dip; to sink; to bury; to
immerge.
Deep immersed beneath its whirling wave. --J Warton.
More than a mile immersed within the wood. --Dryden.
2. To baptize by immersion.
3. To engage deeply; to engross the attention of; to involve;
to overhelm.
The queen immersed in such a trance. --Tennyson.
It is impossible to have a lively hope in another
life, and yet be deeply immersed inn the enjoyments
of this. --Atterbury.
Immersed \Im*mersed"\, p. p. & a.
1. Deeply plunged into anything, especially a fluid.
2. Deeply occupied; engrossed; entangled.
3. (Bot.) Growing wholly under water. --Gray.
Immersible \Im*mers"i*ble\, a. [From {Immerse}.]
Capable of being immersed.
Immersible \Im*mers"i*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not + L. mersus, p. p.
of mergere to plunge.]
Not capable of being immersed.
Immersion \Im*mer"sion\, n. [L. immersio; cf. F. immersion.]
1. The act of immersing, or the state of being immersed; a
sinking within a fluid; a dipping; as, the immersion of
Achilles in the Styx.
2. Submersion in water for the purpose of Christian baptism,
as, practiced by the Baptists.
3. The state of being overhelmed or deeply absorbed; deep
engagedness.
Too deep an immersion in the affairs of life.
--Atterbury.
4. (Astron.) The dissapearance of a celestail body, by
passing either behind another, as in the occultation of a
star, or into its shadow, as in the eclipse of a
satellite; -- opposed to {emersion}.
{Immersion lens}, a microscopic objective of short focal
distance designed to work with a drop of liquid, as oil,
between the front lens and the slide, so that this lens is
practically immersed.
Immersionist \Im*mer"sion*ist\, n. (Eccl.)
One who holds the doctrine that immersion is essential to
Christian baptism.
Immesh \Im*mesh"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Immeshed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Immeshing}.] [Pref. im- in + mesh. Cf. {Inmesh}.]
To catch or entangle in, or as in, the meshes of a net. or in
a web; to insnare.
Immethodical \Im`me*thod"ic*al\, a.
Not methodical; without method or systematic arrangement;
without order or regularity; confused. --Addison.
Syn: Irregular; confused; disoderly; unsystematic; desultory.
Immethodically \Im`me*thod"ic*al*ly\, adv.
Without method; confusedly; unsystematically.
Immethodicalness \Im`me*thod"ic*al*ness\, n.
Want of method.
Immethodize \Im*meth"od*ize\, v. t.
To render immethodical; to destroy the method of; to confuse.
[R.]
Immetrical \Im*met"ric*al\, a.
Not metrical or rhythmical. [R.] --Chapman.
Immew \Im*mew"\, v. t.
See {Emmew}.
Immigrant \Im"mi*grant\, n. [L. immigrans, p. pr. of immigrare
to go into: cf. F. immigrant. See {Immigrate}.]
One who immigrates; one who comes to a country for the
purpose of permanent residence; -- correlative of emigrant.
Syn: See {Emigrant}.
Immigrate \Im"mi*grate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Immigrated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Immigrating}.] [L. immigrare, immigratum, to
immigrate; pref. im- in + migrare to migrate. See {Migrate}.]
To come into a country of which one is not a native, for the
purpose of permanent residence. See {Emigrate}.
Immigration \Im"mi*gra"tion\, n. [Cf. F. immigration.]
The act of immigrating; the passing or coming into a country
for the purpose of permanent residence.
The immigrations of the Arabians into Europe. --T.
Warton.
Imminence \Im"mi*nence\, n. [Cf. F. imminence, L. imminentia,
See {Imminent}.]
1. The condition or quality of being imminent; a threatening,
as of something about to happen. The imminence of any
danger or distress. --Fuller.
2. That which is imminent; impending evil or danger. ``But
dare all imminence.'' --Shak.
Imminent \Im"mi*nent\, a. [L. imminens, p. pr. of imminere to
project; pref. im- in + minere (in comp.) to jut, project.
See {Eminent}.]
1. Threatening to occur immediately; near at hand; impending;
-- said especially of misfortune or peril. ``In danger
imminent.'' --Spenser.
2. Full of danger; threatening; menacing; perilous.
Hairbreadth scapes i' the imminent deadly breach.
--Shak.
3. (With upon) Bent upon; attentive to. [R.]
Their eyes ever imminent upon worldly matters.
--Milton.
Syn: Impending; threatening; near; at hand.
Usage: {Imminent}, {Impending}, {Threatening}. Imminent is
the strongest: it denotes that something is ready to
fall or happen on the instant; as, in imminent danger
of one's life. Impending denotes that something hangs
suspended over us, and may so remain indefinitely; as,
the impending evils of war. Threatening supposes some
danger in prospect, but more remote; as, threatening
indications for the future.
Three times to-day You have defended me from
imminent death. --Shak.
No story I unfold of public woes, Nor bear
advices of impending foes. --Pope.
Fierce faces threatening war. --Milton.
Imminently \Im"mi*nent*ly\, adv.
In an imminent manner.
Immingle \Im*min"gle\, v. t.
To mingle; to mix; to unite; to blend. [R.] --Thomson.
Imminution \Im`mi*nu"tion\, n. [L. imminutio, fr. imminuere,
imminutum, to lessen; pref. im- in + minuere.]
A lessening; diminution; decrease. [R.] --Ray.
Immiscibility \Im*mis"ci*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
immiscibilit['e].]
Incapability of being mixed, or mingled.
Immiscible \Im*mis"ci*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not + miscible: cf. F.
immiscible.]
Not capable of being mixed or mingled.
A chaos of immiscible and conflicting particles.
--Cudworth.
Immission \Im*mis"sion\, n. [L. immissio: cf. F. immission. See
{Immit}.]
The act of immitting, or of sending or thrusting in;
injection; -- the correlative of emission.
Immit \Im*mit"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Immitted}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Immiting}.] [L. immittere, immissum; pref. im- in + mittere
to send.]
To send in; to inject; to infuse; -- the correlative of emit.
[R.] --Boyle.
Immitigable \Im*mit"i*ga*ble\, a. [L. immitigabilis; fr. pref.
im- not + mitigare to mitigate.]
Not capable of being mitigated, softened, or appeased.
--Coleridge.
Immitigably \Im*mit"i*ga*bly\, adv.
In an immitigable manner.
Immix \Im*mix"\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + mix.]
To mix; to mingle. [R.]
Amongst her tears immixing prayers meek. --Spenser.
Immixable \Im*mix"a*ble\, a.
Not mixable. --Bp. Wilkins.
Immixed \Im*mixed"\, a. [Pref. in- not + mixed, p. p. of mix.]
Unmixed. [Obs.]
How pure and immixed the design is. --Boyle.
Immixture \Im*mix"ture\, n.
Freedom from mixture; purity. [R.] --W. Montagu.
Immobile \Im*mo"bile\, a. [L. immobilis: cf. F. immobile. See
{Immobility}.]
Incapable of being moved; immovable; fixed; stable. --Prof.
Shedd.
Immobility \Im`mo*bil"i*ty\, n. [L. immobilitas, fr. immobilis
immovable; pref. im- not + mobilis movable: cf. F.
immobilit['e]. See {Mobile}.]
The condition or quality of being immobile; fixedness in
place or state.
Immobilize \Im*mob"i*lize\, v. t. [Pref. im- in + mobilize; cf.
f. immobiliser.]
To make immovable; in surgery, to make immovable (a naturally
mobile part, as a joint) by the use of splints, or stiffened
bandages.
Immoble \Im*mo"ble\, a. [Obs.]
See {Immobile}.
Immoderacy \Im*mod"er*a*cy\, n. [From {Immoderate}.]
Immoderateness. [R.] --Sir T. Browne.
Immoderancy \Im*mod"er*an*cy\, n. [L. immoderantia.]
Immoderateness; excess. [R.] --Sir T. Browne.
Immoderate \Im*mod"er*ate\, a. [L. immoderatus; pref. im- not +
moderatus moderate. See {Moderate}.]
Not moderate; exceeding just or usual and suitable bounds;
excessive; extravagant; unreasonable; as, immoderate demands;
immoderate grief; immoderate laughter.
So every scope by the immoderate use Turns to
restraint. --Shak.
Syn: Excessive; exorbitant; unreasonable; extravagant;
intemperate; inordinate.
Immoderately \Im*mod"er*ate*ly\, adv.
In an immoderate manner; excessively.
Immoderateness \Im*mod"er*ate*ness\, n.
The quality of being immoderate; excess; extravagance.
--Puller.
Immoderation \Im*mod`er*a"tion\, n. [L. immoderatio: cf. F.
imod['e]ration.]
Want of moderation. --Hallywell.
Immodest \Im*mod"est\, a. [F. immodeste, L. immodestus
immoderate; pref. im- not + modestus modest. See {Modest}.]
1. Not limited to due bounds; immoderate.
2. Not modest; wanting in the reserve or restraint which
decorum and decency require; indecent; indelicate;
obscene; lewd; as, immodest persons, behavior, words,
pictures, etc.
Immodest deeds you hinder to be wrought, But we
proscribe the least immodest thought. --Dryden.
Syn: Indecorous; indelicate; shameless; shameful; impudent;
indecent; impure; unchaste; lewd; obscene.
Immodestly \Im*mod"est*ly\, adv.
In an immodest manner.
Immodesty \Im*mod"es*ty\, n. [L. immodestia: cf. F. immodestie.]
Want of modesty, delicacy, or decent reserve; indecency. ``A
piece of immodesty.'' --Pope.
Immolate \Im"mo*late\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Immolated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Immolating}.] [L. immolatus, p. p. of immolare to
sacrifice, orig., to sprinkle a victim with sacrifical meal;
pref. im- in + mola grits or grains of spelt coarsely ground
and mixed with salt; also, mill. See {Molar}, {Meal} ground
grain.]
To sacrifice; to offer in sacrifice; to kill, as a
sacrificial victim.
Worshipers, who not only immolate to them [the deities]
the lives of men, but . . . the virtue and honor of
women. --Boyle.
Immolation \Im`mo*la"tion\, n. [L. immolatio: cf. F.
immolation.]
1. The act of immolating, or the state of being immolated, or
sacrificed. --Sir. T. Browne.
2. That which is immolated; a sacrifice.
Immolator \Im"mo*la`tor\, n. [L.]
One who offers in sacrifice; specifically, one of a sect of
Russian fanatics who practice self-mutilatio and sacrifice.
Immold \Im*mold"\, Immould \Im*mould"\, v. t.
To mold into shape, or form. [Obs.] --G. Fletcher.
Immoment \Im*mo"ment\, a. [See {Immomentous}.]
Trifling. [R.] ``Immoment toys.'' --Shak.
Immomentous \Im`mo*men"tous\, a. [Pref. im- not + momentous.]
Not momentous; unimportant; insignificant. [R.] --A. Seward.
Immoral \Im*mor"al\, a. [Pref. im- not + moral: cf. F. immoral.]
Not moral; inconsistent with rectitude, purity, or good
morals; contrary to conscience or the divine law; wicked;
unjust; dishonest; vicious; licentious; as, an immoral man;
an immoral deed.
Syn: Wicked; sinful; criminal; vicious; unjust; dishonest;
depraved; impure; unchaste; profligate; dissolute;
abandoned; licentious; lewd; obscene.
Immorality \Im`mo*ral"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Immoralities}. [Cf. F.
immoralit['e].]
1. The state or quality of being immoral; vice.
The root of all immorality. --Sir W.
Temple.
2. An immoral act or practice.
Luxury and sloth and then a great drove of heresies
and immoralities broke loose among them. --Milton.
Immorally \Im*mor"al*ly\, adv.
In an immoral manner; wickedly.
Immorigerous \Im`mo*rig"er*ous\, a. [Pref. im- not +
morigerous.]
Rude; uncivil; disobedient. [Obs.] --
{Im`mo*rig"er*ous*ness}, n. [Obs.] --Jer. Taylor.
Immortal \Im*mor"tal\, a. [L. immortalis; pref. im- not +
mortalis mortal: cf. F. immortel. See {Mortal}, and cf.
{Immortelle}.]
1. Not mortal; exempt from liability to die; undying;
imperishable; lasting forever; having unlimited, or
eternal, existance.
Unto the King eternal, immortal, invisible. --1 Tim.
i. 17.
For my soul, what can it do to that, Being a thing
immortal as itself? --Shak.
2. Connected with, or pertaining to immortability.
I have immortal longings in me. --Shak.
3. Destined to live in all ages of this world; abiding;
exempt from oblivion; imperishable; as, immortal fame.
One of the few, immortal names, That were not born
yo die. --Halleck.
4. Great; excessive; grievous. [Obs.] --Hayward.
{Immortal flowers}, imortelles; everlastings.
Syn: Eternal; everlasting; never-ending; ceaseless;
perpetual; continual; enduring; endless; imperishable;
incorruptible; deathless; undying.
Immortal \Im*mor"tal\, n.
One who will never cease to be; one exempt from death, decay,
or annihilation. --Bunyan.
Immortalist \Im*mor"tal*ist\, n.
One who holds the doctrine of the immortality of the soul.
[R.] --Jer. Taylor.
Immortality \Im`mor*tal"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Immortalities}. [L.
immortalitas: cf. F. immortalit['e].]
1. The quality or state of being immortal; exemption from
death and annihilation; unending existance; as, the
immortality of the soul.
This mortal must put on immortality. --1 Cor. xv.
53.
2. Exemption from oblivion; perpetuity; as, the immortality
of fame.
Immortalization \Im*mor`tal*i*za"tion\, n.
The act of immortalizing, or state of being immortalized.
Immortalize \Im*mor"tal*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Immortalized}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Immortalizing}.] [Cf. F.
immortaliser.]
1. To render immortal; to cause to live or exist forever.
--S. Clarke.
2. To exempt from oblivion; to perpetuate in fame.
Alexander had no Homer to immortalize his quilty
name. --T. Dawes.
Immortalize \Im*mor"tal*ize\, v. i.
To become immortal. [R.]
Immortally \Im*mor"tal*ly\, adv.
In an immortal manner.
Immortelle \Im`mor*telle"\, n.; pl. {Immortelles}. [F. See
{Immortal}.] (Bot.)
A plant with a conspicuous, dry, unwithering involucre, as
the species of {Antennaria}, {Helichrysum}, {Gomphrena}, etc.
See {Everlasting}.
Immortification \Im*mor`ti*fi*ca"tion\, n.
Failure to mortify the passions. [R.] --Jer. Taylor.
Immovability \Im*mov"a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being immovable; fixedness;
steadfastness; as, immovability of a heavy body; immovability
of purpose.
Immovable \Im*mov"a*ble\, a.
1. Incapable of being moved; firmly fixed; fast; -- used of
material things; as, an immovable foundatin.
Immovable, infixed, and frozen round. --Milton.
2. Steadfast; fixed; unalterable; unchangeable; -- used of
the mind or will; as, an immovable purpose, or a man who
remain immovable.
3. Not capable of being affected or moved in feeling or by
sympathy; unimpressible; impassive. --Dryden.
4. (Law.) Not liable to be removed; permanent in place or
tenure; fixed; as, an immovable estate. See {Immovable},
n. --Blackstone.
{Immovable apparatus} (Med.), an appliance, like the plaster
of paris bandage, which keeps fractured parts firmly in
place.
{Immovable feasts} (Eccl.), feasts which occur on a certain
day of the year and do not depend on the date of Easter;
as, Christmas, the Epiphany, etc.
Immovable \Im*mov"a*ble\, n.
1. That which can not be moved.
2. pl. (Civil Law) Lands and things adherent thereto by
nature, as trees; by the hand of man, as buildings and
their accessories; by their destination, as seeds, plants,
manure, etc.; or by the objects to which they are applied,
as servitudes. --Ayliffe. --Bouvier.
Immovableness \Im*mov"a*ble*ness\, n.
Quality of being immovable.
Immovably \Im*mov"a*bly\, adv.
In an immovable manner.
Immund \Im*mund"\, a. [L. immundus; pref. im- not + mundus
clean.]
Unclean. [R.] --Burton.
Immundicity \Im`mun*dic"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. immondicit['e], L.
immunditia, immundities.]
Uncleanness; filthness. [R.] --W. Montagu.
Immune \Im*mune"\, a. [L. immunis. See {Immunity}.]
Exempt; protected by inoculation. -- {Im*mu"nize}, v. t.
Immunity \Im*mu"ni*ty\, n.; pl. {Immunities}. [L. immunitas, fr.
immunis free from a public service; pref. im- not + munis
complaisant, obliging, cf. munus service, duty: cf. F.
immunit['e]. See {Common}, and cf. {Mean}, a.]
1. Freedom or exemption from any charge, duty, obligation,
office, tax, imposition, penalty, or service; a particular
privilege; as, the immunities of the free cities of
Germany; the immunities of the clergy.
2. Freedom; exemption; as, immunity from error.
Immure \Im*mure"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Immured}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Immuring}.] [Pref. im- in + mure: cf. F. emmurer.]
1. To wall around; to surround with walls. [Obs.] --Sandys.
2. To inclose whithin walls, or as within walls; hence, to
shut up; to imprison; to incarcerate.
Those tender babes Whom envy hath immured within
your walls. --Shak.
This huge convex of fire, Outrageous to devour,
immures us round. --Milton.
Immure \Im*mure"\, n.
A wall; an inclosure. [Obs.] --Shak.
Immurement \Im*mure"ment\, n.
The act iif immuring, or the state of being immured;
imprsonment.
Immusical \Im*mu"sic*al\, a.
Inharmonious; unmusical; discordant. --Bacon.
Immutability \Im*mu`ta*bil"i*ty\, n. [L. immutabilitas: cf. F.
immutabilit['e].]
The state or quality of being immutable; immutableness.
--Heb. vi. 17.
Immutable \Im*mu"ta*ble\, a. [L. immutabilis; pref. im- not +
mutabilis mutable. See {Mutable}.]
Not mutable; not capable or susceptible of change;
unchangeable; unalterable.
That by two immutable things, in which it was
impossible for God to lie, we might have a strong
consolation. --Heb. vi. 18.
Immutable, immortal, infinite, Eternal King. --Milton.
-- {Im*mu"ta*ble*ness}, n. -- {Im*mu"ta*bly}, adv.
Immutate \Im*mu"tate\, a. [L. immutatus, p. p. of immature.]
Unchanged. [Obs.]
Immutation \Im"mu*ta"tion\, n. [L. immutatio, from immutare,
immutatum, to change. See {Immute}.]
Change; alteration; mutation. [R.] --Dr. H. More.
Immute \Im*mute"\, v. t. [L. immutare, immutatum; perf. im- in +
mutare to change : cf. OF. immuter.]
To change or alter. [Obs.] --J. Salkeld.
Imp \Imp\, n. [OE. imp a graft, AS. impa; akin to Dan. ympe, Sw.
ymp, prob. fr. LL. impotus, Gr. ? engrafted, innate, fr. ? to
implant; ? in + ? to produce; akin to E. be. See 1st {In-},
{Be}.]
1. A shoot; a scion; a bud; a slip; a graft. [Obs.]
--Chaucer.
2. An offspring; progeny; child; scion. [Obs.]
The tender imp was weaned. --Fairfax.
3. A young or inferior devil; a little, malignant spirit; a
puny demon; a contemptible evil worker.
To mingle in the clamorous fray Of squabbling imps.
--Beattie.
4. Something added to, or united with, another, to lengthen
it out or repair it, -- as, an addition to a beehive; a
feather inserted in a broken wing of a bird; a length of
twisted hair in a fishing line. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Imp \Imp\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imped}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Imping}.] [AS. impian to imp, ingraft, plant; akin to Dan.
ympe, Sw. ympa, OHG. impf[=o]n, impit[=o]n, G. impfen. See
{Imp}, n.]
1. To graft; to insert as a scion. [Obs.] --Rom. of R.
2. (Falconry) To graft with new feathers, as a wing; to
splice a broken feather. Hence, Fig.: To repair; to
extend; to increase; to strengthen to equip. [Archaic]
Imp out our drooping country's broken wing. --Shak.
Who lazily imp their wings with other men's plumes.
--Fuller.
Here no frail Muse shall imp her crippled wing.
--Holmes.
Help, ye tart satirists, to imp my rage With all the
scorpions that should whip this age. --Cleveland.
Impacable \Im*pa"ca*ble\, a. [L. pref. im- not + pacare to
quiet. See {Pacate}.]
Not to be appeased or quieted. [Obs.] --Spenser. --
{Im*pa"ca*bly}, adv.
Impackment \Im*pack"ment\, n. [Pref. im- in + pack.]
The state of being closely surrounded, crowded, or pressed,
as by ice. [R.] --Kane.
Impact \Im*pact"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impacted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Impacting}.] [L. impactus, p. p. of impingere to push,
strike against. See {Impinge}.]
To drive close; to press firmly together: to wedge into a
place. --Woodward.
Impact \Im"pact\, n.
1. Contact or impression by touch; collision; forcible
contact; force communicated.
The quarrel, by that impact driven. --Southey.
2. (Mech.) The single instantaneous stroke of a body in
motion against another either in motion or at rest.
Impacted \Im*pact"ed\, a.
Driven together or close.
{Impacted fracture} (Surg.), a fracture in which the
fragments are driven into each other so as to be
immovable.
Impaction \Im*pac"tion\, n. [L. impactio a striking : cf. F.
impaction.]
1. (Surg.) The driving of one fragment of bone into another
so that the fragments are not movable upon each other; as,
impaction of the skull or of the hip.
2. An immovable packing; (Med.), a lodgment of something in a
strait or passage of the body; as, impaction of the fetal
head in the strait of the pelvis; impaction of food or
feces in the intestines of man or beast.
Impaint \Im*paint"\, v. t.
To paint; to adorn with colors. [R.] ``To impaint his
cause.'' --Shak.
Impair \Im*pair"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impaired}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Impairing}.] [Written also {empair}.] [OE. empeiren,
enpeiren, OF. empeirier, empirier, F. empirer, LL.
impejorare; L. pref. im- in + pejorare to make worse, fr.
pejor worse. Cf. {Appair}.]
To make worse; to diminish in quantity, value, excellence, or
strength; to deteriorate; as, to impair health, character,
the mind, value.
Time sensibly all things impairs. --Roscommon.
In years he seemed, but not impaired by years. --Pope.
Syn: To diminish; decrease; injure; weaken; enfeeble;
debilitate; reduce; debase; deteriorate.
Impair \Im*pair"\, v. t.
To grow worse; to deteriorate. --Milton.
Impair \Im"pair\, a. [F. impair uneven, L. impar; im- not + par
equal.]
Not fit or appropriate. [Obs.]
Impair \Im*pair"\, n.
Diminution; injury. [Obs.]
Impairer \Im*pair"er\, n.
One who, or that which, impairs.
Impairment \Im*pair"ment\, n. [OE. enpeirement, OF. empirement.]
The state of being impaired; injury. ``The impairment of my
health.'' --Dryden.
Impalatable \Im*pal"a*ta*ble\, a.
Unpalatable. [R.]
Impale \Im*pale"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impaled}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Impaling}.] [See 2d {Empale}.]
1. To pierce with a pale; to put to death by fixing on a
sharp stake. See {Empale}.
Then with what life remains, impaled, and left To
writhe at leisure round the bloody stake. --Addison.
2. To inclose, as with pales or stakes; to surround.
Impale him with your weapons round about. --Shak.
Impenetrable, impaled with circling fire. --Milton.
3. (Her.) To join, as two coats of arms on one shield,
palewise; hence, to join in honorable mention.
Ordered the admission of St. Patrick to the same to
be matched and impaled with the blessed Virgin in
the honor thereof. --Fuller.
Impalement \Im*pale"ment\, n.
1. The act of impaling, or the state of being impaled.
--Byron.
2. An inclosing by stakes or pales, or the space so inclosed.
--H. Brooke.
3. That which hedges in; inclosure. [R.] --Milton.
4. (Her.) The division of a shield palewise, or by a vertical
line, esp. for the purpose of putting side by side the
arms of husband and wife. See {Impale}, 3.
Impalla \Im*pal"la\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The pallah deer of South Africa.
Impallid \Im*pal"lid\, v. t.
To make pallid; to blanch. [Obs.] --Feltham.
Impalm \Im*palm"\, v. t.
To grasp with or hold in the hand. [R.] --J. Barlow.
Impalpability \Im*pal`pa*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
impalpabilit['e].]
The quality of being impalpable. --Jortin.
Impalpable \Im*pal"pa*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not + palpable: cf. F.
impalpable.]
1. Not palpable; that cannot be felt; extremely fine, so that
no grit can be perceived by touch. ``Impalpable powder.''
--Boyle.
2. Not material; intangible; incorporeal. ``Impalpable, void,
and bodiless.'' --Holland.
3. Not apprehensible, or readily apprehensible, by the mind;
unreal; as, impalpable distinctions.
Impalpably \Im*pal"pa*bly\, adv.
In an impalpable manner.
Impalsy \Im*pal"sy\, v. t.
To palsy; to paralyze; to deaden. [R.]
Impanate \Im*pa"nate\, a. [LL. impanatus, p. p. of impanare to
impanate; L. pref. im- in + panis bread.]
Embodied in bread, esp. in the bread of the eucharist. [Obs.]
--Cranmer.
Impanate \Im*pa"nate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impanated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Impanating}.]
To embody in bread, esp. in the bread of the eucharist.
[Obs.]
Impanation \Im"pa*na"tion\, n. [Cf. F. impanation. See
{Impanate}, a.] (Eccl.)
Embodiment in bread; the supposed real presence and union of
Christ's material body and blood with the substance of the
elements of the eucharist without a change in their nature;
-- distinguished from transubstantiation, which supposes a
miraculous change of the substance of the elements. It is
akin to consubstantiation.
Impanator \Im*pa"na*tor\, n. [LL.] (Eccl.)
One who holds the doctrine of impanation.
Impanel \Im*pan"el\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impaneled}or
{Impanelled}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Impaneling} or {Impanelling}.]
[Pref. im- in + panel. Cf. {Empanel}.] [Written also
{empanel}.]
To enter in a list, or on a piece of parchment, called a
panel; to form or enroll, as a list of jurors in a court of
justice. --Blackstone.
Impanelment \Im*pan"el*ment\, n.
The act or process of impaneling, or the state of being
impaneled.
Imparadise \Im*par"a*dise\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imparadised};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Imparadising}.] [Pref. im- + paradise: cf.
F. emparadiser.]
To put in a state like paradise; to make supremely happy.
``Imparadised in one another's arms.'' --Milton.
Imparalleled \Im*par"al*leled\, a.
Unparalleled. [Obs.]
Impardonable \Im*par"don*a*ble\, a. [Cf. F. impardonnable.]
Unpardonable. [Obs.] --South.
Imparidigitate \Im*par`i*dig"i*tate\, a. [L. impar unequal +
digitus finger.] (Anat.)
Having an odd number of fingers or toes, either one, three,
or five, as in the horse, tapir, rhinoceros, etc.
Imparipinnate \Im*par"i*pin"nate\, a. [L. impar unequal + E.
pinnate.] (Bot.)
Pinnate with a single terminal leaflet.
Imparisyllabic \Im*par"i*syl*lab"ic\, a. [L. impar unequal + E.
syllabic: cf. F. imparisyllabique.] (Gram.)
Not consisting of an equal number of syllables; as, an
imparisyllabic noun, one which has not the same number of
syllables in all the cases; as, lapis, lapidis; mens, mentis.
Imparity \Im*par"i*ty\, n. [Pref. im- + parity: cf. F.
imparit['e].]
1. Inequality; disparity; disproportion; difference of
degree, rank, excellence, number, etc. --Milton.
2. Lack of comparison, correspondence, or suitableness;
incongruity.
In this region of merely intellectual notion we are
at once encountered by the imparity of the object
and the faculty employed upon it. --I. Taylor.
3. Indivisibility into equal parts; oddness. [R.]
Impark \Im*park"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imparked}, p. pr. & vb.
n. {Imparking}.] [Cf. {Empark}.]
To inclose for a park; to sever from a common; hence, to
inclose or shut up.
They . . . impark them [the sheep] within hurdles.
--Holland.
Imparl \Im*parl"\, v. i. [OF. emparler; pref. em- (L. in) +
parler to speak. See {In}, prep., and {Parley}.]
1. To hold discourse; to parley. [Obs.] --Sir. T. North.
2. (Law) To have time before pleading; to have delay for
mutual adjustment. --Blackstone.
Imparlance \Im*par"lance\, n. [Cf. {Emparlance}, {Parlance}.]
[Written also {inparliance}.]
1. Mutual discourse; conference. [Obs.]
2. (Law)
(a) Time given to a party to talk or converse with his
opponent, originally with the object of effecting, if
possible, an amicable adjustment of the suit. The
actual object, however, has long been merely to obtain
further time to plead, or answer to the allegations of
the opposite party.
(b) Hence, the delay or continuance of a suit.
Note: Imparlance and continuance by imparlance have been
abolished in England. --Wharton (Law Dict. ).
Imparsonee \Im*par`son*ee"\, a. [OF. empersone. See 1st {In-},
and {Parson}.] (Eng. Eccl. Law)
Presented, instituted, and inducted into a rectory, and in
full possession. -- n. A clergyman so inducted.
Impart \Im*part"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imparted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Imparting}.] [OF. impartir, empartir, L. impartire,
impertire; pref. im- in + partire to part, divide, fr. pars,
partis, part, share. See {Part}, n. ]
1. To bestow a share or portion of; to give, grant, or
communicate; to allow another to partake in; as, to impart
food to the poor; the sun imparts warmth.
Well may he then to you his cares impart. --Dryden.
2. To obtain a share of; to partake of. [R.] --Munday.
3. To communicate the knowledge of; to make known; to show by
words or tokens; to tell; to disclose.
Gentle lady, When I did first impart my love to you.
--Shak.
Syn: To share; yield; confer; convey; grant; give; reveal;
disclose; discover; divulge. See {Communicate}.
Impart \Im*part"\, v. i.
1. To give a part or share.
He that hath two coats, let him impart to him that
hath none. --Luke iii.
11.
2. To hold a conference or consultation. --Blackstone.
Impartance \Im*part"ance\, n.
Impartation.
Impartation \Im`par*ta"tion\, n.
The act of imparting, or the thing imparted.
The necessity of this impartation. --I. Taylor.
Imparter \Im*part"er\, n.
One who imparts.
Impartial \Im*par"tial\, a. [Pref. im- not + partial: cf. F.
impartial.]
Not partial; not favoring one more than another; treating all
alike; unprejudiced; unbiased; disinterested; equitable;
fair; just. --Shak.
Jove is impartial, and to both the same. --Dryden.
A comprehensive and impartial view. --Macaulay.
Impartialist \Im*par"tial*ist\, n.
One who is impartial. [R.] --Boyle.
Impartiality \Im*par`ti*al"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. impartialit['e].]
The quality of being impartial; freedom from bias or
favoritism; disinterestedness; equitableness; fairness; as,
impartiality of judgment, of treatment, etc.
Impartiality strips the mind of prejudice and passion.
--South.
Impartially \Im*par"tial*ly\, a.
In an impartial manner.
Impartialness \Im*par"tial*ness\, n.
Impartiality. --Sir W. Temple.
Impartibility \Im*part`i*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being impartible; communicability.
--Blackstone.
Impartibility \Im*part`i*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
impartibilit['e].]
The quality of being incapable of division into parts;
indivisibility. --Holland.
Impartible \Im*part"i*ble\, a. [From {Impart}.]
Capable of being imparted or communicated.
Impartible \Im*part"i*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not + partible: cf. F.
impartible.]
Not partible; not subject to partition; indivisible; as, an
impartible estate. --Blackatone.
Impartment \Im*part"ment\, n.
The act of imparting, or that which is imparted,
communicated, or disclosed. [R.]
It beckons you to go away with it, As if it some
impartment did desire To you alone. --Shak.
Impassable \Im*pass"a*ble\, a. [Cf. {Unpassable}.]
Incapable of being passed; not admitting a passage; as, an
impassable road, mountain, or gulf. --Milton. --
{Im*pass"a*ble*ness}, n. -- {Im*pass"a*bly}, adv.
Impassibility \Im*pas`si*bil"i*ty\, a. [L. impassibilitas: cf.
F. impassibilit['e].]
The quality or condition of being impassible;
insusceptibility of injury from external things.
Impassible \Im*pas"si*ble\, a. [L. impassibilis; pref. im- not +
passibilis passable: cf. F. impassible. See {Passible}.]
Incapable of suffering; inaccessible to harm or pain; not to
be touched or moved to passion or sympathy; unfeeling, or not
showing feeling; without sensation. ``Impassible to the
critic.'' --Sir W. Scott.
Secure of death, I should contemn thy dart Though
naked, and impassible depart. --Dryden.
Impassibleness \Im*pas"si*ble*ness\, n.
Impassibility.
Impassion \Im*pas"sion\, v. t. [Pref. im- in + passion. Cf.
{Empassion}, {Impassionate}, v.]
To move or affect strongly with passion. [Archaic] --Chapman.
Impassionable \Im*pas"sion*a*ble\, a.
Excitable; susceptible of strong emotion.
Impassionate \Im*pas"sion*ate\, a.
Strongly affected. --Smart.
Impassionate \Im*pas"sion*ate\, v. t.
To affect powerfully; to arouse the passions of. --Dr. H.
More.
Impassionate \Im*pas"sion*ate\, a. [Pref. im- not + passionate.]
Without passion or feeling. --Burton.
Impassioned \Im*pas"sioned\, p. p. & a.
Actuated or characterized by passion or zeal; showing warmth
of feeling; ardent; animated; excited; as, an impassioned
orator or discourse.
Impassive \Im*pas"sive\, a.
Not susceptible of pain or suffering; apathetic; impassible;
unmoved.
Impassive as the marble in the quarry. --De Quincey.
On the impassive ice the lightings play. --Pope.
-- {Im*pas"sive*ly}, adv. -- {Im*pas"sive*ness}, n.
Impassivity \Im`pas*siv"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being insusceptible of feeling, pain, or
suffering; impassiveness.
Impastation \Im`pas*ta"tion\, n. [F. See {Impaste}.]
The act of making into paste; that which is formed into a
paste or mixture; specifically, a combination of different
substances by means of cements.
Impaste \Im*paste"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impasted}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Impasting}.] [Pref. im- in + paste: cf. It.
impastare, OF. empaster, F. emp[^a]ter. See 1st {In-} and
{Paste}.]
1. To knead; to make into paste; to concrete. ``Blood . . .
baked and impasted.'' --Shak.
2. (Paint.) To lay color on canvas by uniting them skillfully
together. [R.] Cf. {Impasto}.
Impasting \Im*past"ing\, (Paint.)
The laying on of colors to produce impasto.
Impasto \Im*pas"to\, n. [It. See {Impaste}.] (Paint.)
The thickness of the layer or body of pigment applied by the
painter to his canvas with especial reference to the
juxtaposition of different colors and tints in forming a
harmonious whole. --Fairholt.
Impasture \Im*pas"ture\, v. t.
To place in a pasture; to foster. [R.] --T. Adams.
Impatible \Im*pat"i*ble\, a. [L. impatibilis; pref. im- not +
patibilis supportable. See {Patible}.]
1. Not capable of being borne; impassible.
A spirit, and so impatible of material fire.
--Fuller.
Impatience \Im*pa"tience\n. [OE. impacience, F. impatience, fr.
L. impatientia.]
The quality of being impatient; want of endurance of pain,
suffering, opposition, or delay; eagerness for change, or for
something expected; restlessness; chafing of spirit;
fretfulness; passion; as, the impatience of a child or an
invalid.
I then, . . . Out of my grief and my impatience,
Answered neglectingly. --Shak.
With huge impatience he inly swelt More for great
sorrow that he could not pass, Than for the burning
torment which he felt. --Spenser.
Impatiency \Im*pa"tien*cy\, n.
Impatience. [Obs.]
Impatiens \Im*pa"ti*ens\, n. [L., impatient.] (Bot.)
A genus of plants, several species of which have very
beautiful flowers; -- so called because the elastic capsules
burst when touched, and scatter the seeds with considerable
force. Called also {touch-me-not}, {jewelweed}, and
{snapweed}. {I. Balsamina} (sometimes called {lady's
slipper}) is the common garden balsam.
Impatient \Im*pa"tient\, a. [OE. impacient, F. impatient, fr. L.
impatiens; pref. im- not + patiens patient. See {Patient}.]
1. Not patient; not bearing with composure; intolerant;
uneasy; fretful; restless, because of pain, delay, or
opposition; eager for change, or for something expected;
hasty; passionate; -- often followed by at, for, of, and
under.
A violent, sudden, and impatient necessity. --Jer.
Taylor.
Fame, impatient of extremes, decays Not more by envy
than excess of praise. --Pope.
The impatient man will not give himself time to be
informed of the matter that lies before him.
--Addison.
Dryden was poor and impatient of poverty.
--Macaulay.
2. Not to be borne; unendurable. [Obs.] --Spenser.
3. Prompted by, or exhibiting, impatience; as, impatient
speeches or replies. --Shak.
Syn: Restless; uneasy; changeable; hot; eager; fretful;
intolerant; passionate.
Impatient \Im*pa"tient\, n.
One who is impatient. [R.]
Impatiently \Im*pa"tient*ly\, adv.
In an impatient manner.
Impatronization \Im*pat`ron*i*za"tion\, n.
Absolute seignory or possession; the act of investing with
such possession. [R.] --Cotgrave.
Impatronize \Im*pat"ron*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Impatronized}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Impatronizing}.]
To make lord or master; as, to impatronize one's self of a
seigniory. [R.] --Bacon.
Impave \Im*pave"\, v. t.
To pave. [Poetic]
Impaved with rude fidelity Of art mosaic. --Wordsworth.
Impavid \Im*pav"id\, a. [L. impavidus. See {In-} not, and
{Pavid}.]
Fearless. -- {Im*pav"id*ly}, adv.
Impawn \Im*pawn"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impawned}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Impawning}.] [Pref. im- + pawn: cf. {Empawn}.]
To put in pawn; to pledge. --Shak.
Impeach \Im*peach"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impeached}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Impeaching}.] [OE. empeechier to prevent, hinder,
bar, F. emp[^e]cher, L. impedicare to entangle; pref. im- in
+ pedica fetter, fr. pes, pedis, foot. See {Foot}, and
{Appeach}, {Dispatch}, {Impede}.]
1. To hinder; to impede; to prevent. [Obs.]
These ungracious practices of his sons did impeach
his journey to the Holy Land. --Sir J.
Davies.
A defluxion on my throat impeached my utterance.
--Howell.
2. To charge with a crime or misdemeanor; to accuse;
especially to charge (a public officer), before a
competent tribunal, with misbehavior in office; to cite
before a tribunal for judgement of official misconduct; to
arraign; as, to impeach a judge. See {Impeachment}.
3. Hence, to charge with impropriety; to dishonor; to bring
discredit on; to call in question; as, to impeach one's
motives or conduct.
And doth impeach the freedom of the state. --Shak.
4. (Law) To challenge or discredit the credibility of, as of
a witness, or the validity of, as of commercial paper.
Note: When used in law with reference to a witness, the term
signifies, to discredit, to show or prove unreliable or
unworthy of belief; when used in reference to the
credit of witness, the term denotes, to impair, to
lessen, to disparage, to destroy. The credit of a
witness may be impeached by showing that he has made
statements out of court contradictory to what he swears
at the trial, or by showing that his reputation for
veracity is bad, etc.
Syn: To accuse; arraign; censure; criminate; indict; impair;
disparage; discredit. See {Accuse}.
Impeach \Im*peach"\, n.
Hindrance; impeachment. [Obs.]
Impeachable \Im*peach"a*ble\, a.
That may be impeached; liable to impeachment; chargeable with
a crime.
Owners of lands in fee simple are not impeachable for
waste. --Z. Swift.
Impeacher \Im*peach"er\, n.
One who impeaches.
Impeachment \Im*peach"ment\, n. [Cf. F. emp[^e]chement.]
The act of impeaching, or the state of being impeached; as:
(a) Hindrance; impediment; obstruction. [Obs.]
Willing to march on to Calais, Without impeachment.
--Shak.
(b) A calling to account; arraignment; especially, of a
public officer for maladministration.
The consequence of Coriolanus' impeachment had like
to have been fatal to their state. --Swift.
(c) A calling in question as to purity of motives, rectitude
of conduct, credibility, etc.; accusation; reproach; as,
an impeachment of motives. --Shak.
Note: In England, it is the privilege or right of the House
of Commons to impeach, and the right of the House of
Lords to try and determine impeachments. In the United
States, it is the right of the House of Representatives
to impeach, and of the Senate to try and determine
impeachments.
{Articles of impeachment}. See under {Article}.
{Impeachment of waste} (Law), restraint from, or
accountability for, injury; also, a suit for damages for
injury. --Abbott.
Impearl \Im*pearl"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impearled}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Impearling}.] [Pref. im- in + pearl: cf. F.
emperler.]
1. To form into pearls, or into that which resembles pearls.
[Poetic]
Dewdrops which the sun Impearls on every leaf and
every flower. --Milton.
2. To decorate as with pearls or with anything resembling
pearls. [Poetic]
With morning dews impearled. --Mrs.
Browning.
The dews of the morning impearl every thorn. --R.
Digby.
Impeccability \Im*pec`ca*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
impeccabilit['e].]
the quality of being impeccable; exemption from sin, error,
or offense.
Infallibility and impeccability are two of his
attributes. --Pope.
Impeccable \Im*pec"ca*ble\, a. [L. impeccabilis; pref. im- not +
peccare to err, to sin: cf. F. impeccable.]
Not liable to sin; exempt from the possibility of doing
wrong. -- n. One who is impeccable; esp., one of a sect of
Gnostic heretics who asserted their sinlessness.
God is infallible, impeccable, and absolutely perfect.
--P. Skelton.
Impeccancy \Im*pec"can*cy\, n.
Sinlessness. --Bp. Hall.
Impeccant \Im*pec"cant\, a.
Sinless; impeccable. --Byron.
Impecuniosity \Im`pe*cu`ni*os"i*ty\, n.
The state of being impecunious. --Thackeray. Sir W. Scott.
Impecunious \Im"pe*cu"ni*ous\, a. [L. im- not + pecunia money:
cf. F. imp['e]cunieux.]
Not having money; habitually without money; poor.
An impecunious creature. --B. Jonson.
Impede \Im*pede"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impeded}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Impeding}.] [L. impedire, lit., to entangle the feet;
pref. im- in + pes, pedis, foot. See {Foot}, and cf.
{Impeach}.]
To hinder; to stop in progress; to obstruct; as, to impede
the advance of troops.
Whatever hinders or impedes The action of the nobler
will. --Logfellow.
Impedible \Im*ped"i*ble\, a.
Capable of being impeded or hindered. [R.] --Jer. Taylor.
Impediment \Im*ped"i*ment\, n. [L. impedimentum: cf. F.
impediment.]
That which impedes or hinders progress, motion, activity, or
effect.
Thus far into the bowels of the land Have we marched on
without impediment. --Shak.
{Impediment in speech}, a defect which prevents distinct
utterance.
Syn: Hindrance; obstruction; obstacle; difficulty;
incumbrance.
Usage: {Impediment}, {Obstacle}, {Difficulty}, {Hindrance}.
An impediment literally strikes against our feet,
checking our progress, and we remove it. An obstacle
rises before us in our path, and we surmount or remove
it. A difficulty sets before us something hard to be
done, and we encounter it and overcome it. A hindrance
holds us back for a time, but we break away from it.
The eloquence of Demosthenes was to Philip of
Macedon, a difficulty to be met with his best
recources, ant obstacle to his own ambition, and
an impedimen in his political career. --C. J.
Smith.
Impediment \Im*ped"i*ment\, v. t.
To impede. [R.] --Bp. Reynolds.
Impedimental \Im*ped`i*men"tal\, a.
Of the nature of an impediment; hindering; obstructing;
impeditive.
Things so impediental to success. --G. H. Lewes.
Impedite \Im"pe*dite\, a. [L. impeditus, p. p. See {Impede}.]
Hindered; obstructed. [R.] --Jer. Taylor.
Impedite \Im"pe*dite\, v. t.
To impede. [Obs.] --Boyle.
Impedition \Im"pe*di"tion\, n. [L. impeditio.]
A hindering; a hindrance. [Obs.] --Baxier.
Impeditive \Im*ped"i*tive\, a. [Cf. F. imp['e]ditif.]
Causing hindrance; impeding. ``Cumbersome, and impeditive of
motion.'' --Bp. Hall.
Impel \Im*pel"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impelled}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Impelling}.] [L. impellere; pref. im- in + pellere, pulsum,
to drive. See {Pulse} a beat, and cf. {Impulse}.]
To drive or urge forward or on; to press on; to incite to
action or motion in any way.
The surge impelled me on a craggy coast. --Pope.
Syn: To instigate; incite; induce; influence; force; drive;
urge; actuate; move.
Impellent \Im*pel"lent\, a. [L. impellens, p. pr. of impellere.]
Having the quality of impelling.
Impellent \Im*pel"lent\, n.
An impelling power or force. --Glanvill.
Impeller \Im*pel"ler\, n.
One who, or that which, impels.
Impen \Im*pen"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impenned}and {Impent}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Impenning}.]
To shut up or inclose, as in a pen. --Feltham.
Impend \Im*pend"\, v. t. [L. impend?re; pref. im- in + pend?re
to weigh out, pay.]
To pay. [Obs.] --Fabyan.
Impend \Im*pend"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Impended}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Impending}.] [L. impend[=e]re; pref. im- in + pend[=e]re
to hang. See {Pendant}.]
To hang over; to be suspended above; to threaten frome near
at hand; to menace; to be imminent. See {Imminent}.
Destruction sure o'er all your heads impends. --Pope.
Impendence \Im*pend"ence\, Impendency \Im*pend"en*cy\, n.
The state of impending; also, that which impends.
``Impendence of volcanic cloud.'' --Ruskin.
Impendent \Im*pend"ent\, a. [L. impendens, p. pr. of
impend[=e]re.]
Impending; threatening.
Impendent horrors, threatening hideous fall. --Milton.
Impending \Im*pend"ing\, a.
Hanging over; overhanging; suspended so as to menace;
imminet; threatening.
An impending brow. --Hawthorne.
And nodding Ilion waits th' impending fall. --Pope.
Syn: Imminent; threatening. See {Imminent}.
Impenetrability \Im*pen`e*tra*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
imp['e]n['e]trabilit['e].]
1. Quality of being impenetrable.
2. (Physics) That property in virtue of which two portions of
matter can not at the same time occupy the same portion of
space.
3. Insusceptibility of intellectual or emotional impression;
obtuseness; stupidity; coldness.
Impenetrable \Im*pen"e*tra*ble\, a. [L. impenetrabilis; pref.
im- not + penetrabilis penetrable: cf. F.
imp['e]n['e]trable.]
1. Incapable of being penetrated or pierced; not admitting
the passage of other bodies; not to be entered;
impervious; as, an impenetrable shield.
Highest woods impenetrable To star or sunlight.
--Milton.
2. (Physics) Having the property of preventing any other
substance from occupying the same space at the same time.
3. Inaccessible, as to knowledge, reason, sympathy, etc.;
unimpressible; not to be moved by arguments or motives;
as, an impenetrable mind, or heart.
They will be credulous in all affairs of life, but
impenetrable by a sermon of the gospel. --Jer.
Taylor.
Impenetrableness \Im*pen"e*tra*ble*ness\, n.
The quality of being impenetrable; impenetrability.
Impenetrably \Im*pen"e*tra*bly\, adv.
In an impenetrable manner or state; imperviously.
``Impenetrably armed.'' --Milton. ``Impenetrably dull.''
--Pope.
Impenitence \Im*pen"i*tence\, n. [L. impenitentia: cf. F.
imp['e]nitence.]
The condition of being impenitent; failure or refusal to
repent; hardness of heart.
He will advance from one degree of wickedness and
impenitence to another. --Rogers.
Impenitency \Im*pen"i*ten*cy\, n.
Impenitence. --Milton.
Impenitent \Im*pen"i*tent\, a. [L. impaenitens; pref. im- not +
paenitens penitens: cf. F. imp['e]nitent. See {Penitent}.]
Not penitent; not repenting of sin; not contrite; of a hard
heart. ``They . . . died impenitent.'' --Milton. ``A careless
and impenitent heart.'' --Bp. Hall.
Impenitent \Im*pen"i*tent\, n.
One who is not penitent. [R.]
Impenitently \Im*pen"i*tent*ly\, adv.
Without repentance.
Impennate \Im*pen"nate\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Characterized by short wings covered with feathers resembling
scales, as the penguins. -- n. One of the Impennes.
Impennes \Im*pen"nes\, n. pl. [NL., fr. L. pref. im- not + penna
feather.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of birds, including only the penguins, in which the
wings are without quills, and not suited for flight.
Impennous \Im*pen"nous\a. [L. pref. im- not + penna wing.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Having no wings, as some insects.
Impeople \Im*peo"ple\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impeopled}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Impeopling}.] [See {Empeople}.]
To people; to give a population to. [Obs.]
Thou hast helped to impeople hell. --Beaumont.
Imperant \Im"pe*rant\, a. [L. imperans, p. pr. of imperare to
command.]
Commanding. [R.] --Baxter.
Imperate \Im"pe*rate\, a. [L. imperatus, p. p. of imperare to
command.]
Done by express direction; not involuntary; communded. [Obs.]
Those imperate acts, wherein we see the empire of the
soul. --Sir M. Hale.
Imperatival \Im*per`a*ti"val\, a. (Gram.)
Of or pertaining to the imperative mood.
Imperative \Im*per"a*tive\, a. [L. imperativus, fr. imperare to
command; pref. im- in + parare to make ready, prepare: cf. F.
imp['e]ratif. See {Perade}, and cf. {Empire}.]
1. Expressive of command; containing positive command;
authoritatively or absolutely directive; commanding;
authoritative; as, imperative orders.
The suit of kings are imperative. --Bp. Hall.
2. Not to be avoided or evaded; obligatory; binding;
compulsory; as, an imperative duty or order.
3. (Gram.) Expressive of commund, entreaty, advice, or
exhortation; as, the imperative mood.
Imperative \Im*per"a*tive\, n. (Gram.)
The imperative mood; also, a verb in the imperative mood.
Imperatively \Im*per"a*tive*ly\, adv.
In an imperative manner.
Imperator \Im`pe*ra"tor\, n. [L. See {Emperor}.] (Rom. Antiq.)
A commander; a leader; an emperor; -- originally an
appellation of honor by which Roman soldiers saluted their
general after an important victory. Subsequently the title
was conferred as a recognition of great military achievements
by the senate, whence it carried wiht it some special
privileges. After the downfall of the Republic it was assumed
by Augustus and his successors, and came to have the meaning
now attached to the word emperor.
Imperatorial \Im*per`a*to"ri*al\, a. [L. imperatorius.]
1. Commanding; imperative; authoritative.
2. Of or pertaining to the title or office of imperator.
``Imperatorial laurels.'' --C. Merivale.
Imperatorian \Im*per`a*to"ri*an\, a.
Imperial. [R.] --Gauden.
Imperatory \Im*per"a*to*ry\, a.
Imperative. [R.]
Imperceivable \Im`per*ceiv"a*ble\, a.
Imperceptible. [R.] --South. -- {Im`per*ceiv"a*ble*ness}, n.
--Sharp.
Imperceived \Im`per*ceived"\, a.
Not perceived. [Obs.]
Imperceptibility \Im`per*cep`ti*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being imperceptible.
Imperceptible \Im`per*cep"ti*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not +
perceptible: cf. F. imperceptible.]
Not perceptible; not to be apprehended or cognized by the
souses; not discernible by the mind; not easily apprehended.
Almost imperceptible to the touch. --Dryden.
Its operation is slow, and in some cases almost
imperceptible. --Burke.
-- {Im`per*cep"ti*ble*ness}, n. -- {Im`per*cep"ti*bly}, adv.
Their . . . subility and imperceptibleness. --Sir M.
Hale.
Imperception \Im`per*cep"tion\, n.
Want of perception.
Imperceptive \Im`per*cep"tive\, a.
Unable to perceive.
The imperceptive part of the soul. --Dr. H. More.
Impercipient \Im`per*cip"i*ent\, a.
Not perceiving, or not able to perceive. --A. Baxter.
Imperdibility \Im*per`di*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being imperdible. [Obs.] --Derham.
Imperdible \Im*per"di*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not + L. perdere to
destroy.]
Not destructible. [Obs.] -- {Im*per"di*bly}, adv. [Obs.]
Imperfect \Im*per"fect\, a. [L. imperfectus: pref. im- not +
perfectus perfect: cf. F imparfait, whence OE. imparfit. See
{Perfect}.]
1. Not perfect; not complete in all its parts; wanting a
part; deective; deficient.
Something he left imperfect in the state. --Shak.
Why, then, your other senses grow imperfect. --Shak.
2. Wanting in some elementary organ that is essential to
successful or normal activity.
He . . . stammered like a child, or an amazed,
imperfect person. --Jer. Taylor.
3. Not fulfilling its design; not realizing an ideal; not
conformed to a standard or rule; not satisfying the taste
or conscience; esthetically or morally defective.
Nothing imperfect or deficient left Of all that he
created. --Milton.
Then say not man's imperfect, Heaven in fault; Say
rather, man's as perfect as he ought. --Pope.
{Imperfect arch}, an arch of less than a semicircle; a skew
arch.
{Imperfect cadence} (Mus.), one not ending with the tonic,
but with the dominant or some other chord; one not giving
complete rest; a half close.
{Imperfect consonances} (Mus.), chords like the third and
sixth, whose ratios are less simple than those of the
fifth and forth.
{Imperfect flower} (Bot.), a flower wanting either stamens or
pistils. --Gray.
{Imperfect interval} (Mus.), one a semitone less than
perfect; as, an imperfect fifth.
{Imperfect number} (Math.), a number either greater or less
than the sum of its several divisors; in the former case,
it is called also a {defective number}; in the latter, an
{abundant number}.
{Imperfect obligations} (Law), obligations as of charity or
gratitude, which cannot be enforced by law.
{Imperfect power} (Math.), a number which can not be produced
by taking any whole number or vulgar fraction, as a
factor, the number of times indicated by the power; thus,
9 is a perfect square, but an imperfect cube.
{Imperfect tense}
(Gram), a tense expressing past time and incomplete
action.
Imperfect \Im*per"fect\, n. (Gram.)
The imperfect tense; or the form of a verb denoting the
imperfect tense.
Imperfect \Im*per"fect\, v. t.
To make imperfect. [Obs.]
Imperfectibility \Im`per*fec`ti*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being imperfectible. [R.]
Imperfectible \Im`per*fec"ti*ble\, a.
Incapable of being mad perfect. [R.]
Imperfection \Im`per*fec"tion\, n. [L. imperfectio: cf. F.
imperfection. See {Imperfect}, a.]
The quality or condition of being imperfect; want of
perfection; incompleteness; deficiency; fault or blemish.
Sent to my account With all my imperfections on my
head. --Shak.
Syn: Defect; deficiency; incompleteness; fault; failing;
weakness; frailty; foible; blemish; vice.
Imperfectness \Im*per"fect*ness\, n.
The state of being imperfect.
Imperforable \Im*per"fo*ra*ble\, a. [See {Imperforate}.]
Incapable of being perforated, or bored through.
Imperforata \Im*per"fo*ra"ta\, n. pl. [NL. See {Imperforate}.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A division of Foraminifera, including those in which the
shell is not porous.
Imperforate \Im*per"fo*rate\, Imperforated \Im*per"fo*ra"ted\,
a. [L. pref. im- not + perforatus, p. p. of perforate to
perforate. See {Perforate}.]
Not perforated; having no opening or aperture. --Sir J.
Banks.
Imperforation \Im*per`fo*ra"tion\, n. [Cf. F. imperforation.]
The state of being without perforation.
Imperial \Im*pe"ri*al\, a. [OE. emperial, OF. emperial, F.
imp['e]rial, fr. L. imperialis, fr. imperium command,
sovereignty, empire. See {Empire}.]
1. Of or pertaining to an empire, or to an emperor; as, an
imperial government; imperial authority or edict.
The last That wore the imperial diadem of Rome.
--Shak.
2. Belonging to, or suitable to, supreme authority, or one
who wields it; royal; sovereign; supreme. ``The imperial
democracy of Athens.'' --Mitford.
Who, as Ulysses says, opinion crowns With an
imperial voice. --Shak.
To tame the proud, the fetter'd slave to free, These
are imperial arts, and worthy thee. --Dryden.
He sounds his imperial clarion along the whole line
of battle. --E. Everett.
3. Of superior or unusual size or excellence; as, imperial
paper; imperial tea, etc.
{Imperial bushel}, {gallon}, etc. See {Bushel}, {Gallon},
etc.
{Imperial chamber}, the, the sovereign court of the old
German empire.
{Imperial city}, under the first German empire, a city having
no head but the emperor.
{Imperial diet}, an assembly of all the states of the German
empire.
{Imperial drill}. (Manuf.) See under 8th {Drill}.
{Imperial eagle}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Eagle}.
{Imperial green}. See {Paris green}, under {Green}.
{Imperial guard}, the royal guard instituted by Napoleon I.
{Imperial weights and measures}, the standards legalized by
the British Parliament.
Imperial \Im*pe"ri*al\, n. [F. imp['e]riale: cf. Sp. imperial.]
1. The tuft of hair on a man's lower lip and chin; -- so
called from the style of beard of Napoleon III.
2. An outside seat on a diligence. --T. Hughes.
3. A luggage case on the top of a coach. --Simmonds.
4. Anything of unusual size or excellence, as a large
decanter, a kind of large photograph, a large sheet of
drowing, printing, or writing paper, etc.
5. A gold coin of Russia worth ten rubles, or about eight
dollars. --McElrath.
6. A kind of fine cloth brought into England from Greece. or
other Eastern countries, in the Middle Ages.
Imperialism \Im*pe"ri*al*ism\, n.
The power or character of an emperor; imperial authority; the
spirit of empire.
Roman imperialism had divided the world. --C. H.
Pearson.
Imperialist \Im*pe"ri*al*ist\, n. [Cf. F. imp['e]rialiste.]
One who serves an emperor; one who favors imperialism.
Imperiality \Im*pe`ri*al"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Imperialities}.
1. Imperial power.
2. An imperial right or privilegs. See {Royalty}.
The late empress having, by ukases of grace,
relinquished her imperialities on the private mines,
viz., the tenths of the copper, iron, silver and
gold. --W. Tooke.
Imperialize \Im*pe"ri*al*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Imperialized}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Imperializing}.]
To invest with imperial authority, character, or style; to
bring to the form of an empire. --Fuller.
Imperially \Im*pe"ri*al*ly\, adv.
In an imperial manner.
Imperially \Im*pe"ri*al*ly\, n.
Imperial power. [R.] --Sheldon.
Imperil \Im*per"il\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imperiled}or
{Imperilled}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Imperiling} or {Imperilling}.]
To bring into peril; to endanger.
Imperilment \Im*per"il*ment\, n.
The act of imperiling, or the state of being imperiled.
Imperious \Im*pe"ri*ous\, a. [L. imperiosus: cf. F.
imp['e]rieux. See {Imperial}.]
1. Commanding; ascendant; imperial; lordly; majestic. [Obs.]
``A vast and imperious mind.'' --Tilloison.
Therefore, great lords, be, as your titles witness,
Imperious. --Shak.
2. Haughly; arrogant; overbearing; as, an imperious tyrant;
an imperious manner.
This imperious man will work us all From princes
into pages. --Shak.
His bold, contemptuous, and imperious spirit soon
made him conspicuous. --Macaulay.
3. Imperative; urgent; compelling.
Imperious need, which can not be withstood.
--Dryden.
Syn: Dictatorial; haughty; domineering; overbearing; lordly;
tyrannical; despotic; arrogant; imperative;
authoritative; commanding; pressing.
Usage: {Imperious}, {Lordly}, {Domineering}. One who is
imperious exercises his authority in a manner highly
offensive for its spirit and tone; one who is lordly
assumes a lofty air in order to display his
importance; one who is domineering gives orders in a
way to make other feel their inferiority.
Imperiously \Im*pe"ri*ous*ly\, adv.
In an imperious manner.
Imperiousnes \Im*pe"ri*ous*nes\, n.
The quality or state of being imperious; arrogance;
haughtiness.
Imperiousness and severity is but an ill way of
treating men who have reason of their own to guide
them. --Locke.
Imperishability \Im*per`ish*a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being imperishable: indstructibility. ``The
imperishability of the universe.'' --Milman.
Imperishable \Im*per"ish*a*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not + perishable:
cf. F. imp['e]rissable.]
Not perishable; not subject to decay; indestructible;
enduring permanently; as, an imperishable monument;
imperishable renown. -- {Im*per"ish*a*ble*ness}, n. --
{Im*per"ish*a*bly}, adv.
Imperiwigged \Im*per"i"wigged\, a.
Wearing a periwig.
Impermanence \Im*per"ma*nence\, Impermanency \Im*per"ma*nen*cy\,
n.
lack of permanence.
Impermanent \Im*per"ma*nent\, a.
Not permanent.
Impermeability \Im*per`me*a*bil"i*ty\, n. [Pref. im- not +
permeability: cf. F. imperm['e]abilit['e].]
The quality of being impermeable.
Impermeable \Im*per"me*a*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not + permeable:
cf. F. imperm['e]able, L. impermeabilis.]
Not permeable; not permitting passage, as of a fluid. through
its substance; impervious; impenetrable; as, India rubber is
impermeable to water and to air. -- {Im*per"me*a*ble*ness},
n. -- {Im*per"me*a*bly}, adv.
Impermissible \Im`per*mis"si*ble\, a.
Not permissible.
Imperscrutable \Im`per*scru"ta*ble\, a. [L. imperscrutabilis.]
Not capable of being searched out; inscrutable. [Obs.] --
{Im`per*scru"ta*ble*ness}, n. [Obs.]
Imperseverant \Im`per*sev"er*ant\, a.
Not persevering; fickle; thoughtless. [Obs.]
Impersonal \Im*per"son*al\, a. [L. impersonalis; pref. im- not +
personalis personal: cf. F. impersonnel. See {Personal}.]
Not personal; not representing a person; not having
personality.
An almighty but impersonal power, called Fate. --Sir J.
Stephen.
{Impersonal verb} (Gram.), a verb used with an indeterminate
subject, commonly, in English, with the impersonal pronoun
it; as, it rains; it snows; methinks (it seems to me).
Many verbs which are not strictly impersonal are often
used impersonally; as, it goes well with him.
Impersonal \Im*per"son*al\, n.
That which wants personality; specifically (Gram.), an
impersonal verb.
Impersonality \Im*per`son*al"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being impersonal; want or absence of
personality.
Impersonally \Im*per"son*al*ly\, adv.
In an impersonal manner.
Impersonate \Im*per"son*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Impersonated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Impersonating}.]
1. To invest with personality; to endow with the form of a
living being.
2. To ascribe the qualities of a person to; to personify.
3. To assume, or to represent, the person or character of; to
personate; as, he impersonated Macbeth.
Benedict impersonated his age. --Milman.
Impersonation \Im*per`son*a"tion\, Impersonification
\Im`per*son`i*fi*ca"tion\, n.
The act of impersonating; personification; investment with
personality; representation in a personal form.
Impersonator \Im*per"son*a`tor\, n.
One who impersonates; an actor; a mimic.
Imperspicuity \Im*per`spi*cu"i*ty\, n.
Want of perspicuity or clearness; vaguness; ambiguity.
Imperspicuous \Im`per*spic"u*ous\, a.
Not perspicuous; not clear; obscure; vague; ambeguous.
Impersuadable \Im`per*suad"a*ble\, a. [Cf. {Impersuasible}.]
Not to be persuaded; obstinate; unyielding; impersuasible. --
{Im`per*suad"a*ble*ness}, n.
Impersuasible \Im`per*sua"si*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not +
persuasible: cf. OF. impersuasible.]
Not persuasible; not to be moved by persuasion; inflexible;
impersuadable. --Dr. H. More. -- {Im`per*sua`si*bil"i*ty}, n.
Impertinence \Im*per"ti*nence\, n. [Cf. F. impertinence. See
{Impertinent}.]
1. The condition or quality of being impertnent; absence of
pertinence, or of adaptedness; irrelevance; unfitness.
2. Conduct or language unbecoming the person, the society, or
the circumstances; rudeness; incivility.
We should avoid the vexation and impertinence of
pedants who affect to talk in a language not to be
understood. --Swift.
3. That which is impertinent; a thing out of place, or of no
value.
There are many subtile impertinences learned in
schools. --Watts.
Impertinency \Im*per"ti*nen*cy\, n.
Impertinence. [R.]
O, matter and impertinency mixed! Reason in madness!
--Shak.
Impertinent \Im*per"ti*nent\, a. [F., fr. L. impertinens,
-entis; pref. im- not + pertinens. See {Pertinent}.]
1. Not pertinent; not pertaining to the matter in hand;
having no bearing on the subject; not to the point;
irrelevant; inapplicable.
Things that are impertinent to us. --Tillotson.
How impertinent that grief was which served no end!
--Jer. Taylor.
2. Contrary to, or offending against, the rules of propriety
or good breeding; guilty of, or prone to, rude,
unbecoming, or uncivil words or actions; as, an impertient
coxcomb; an impertient remark.
3. Trifing; inattentive; frivolous.
Syn: Rude; officious; intrusive; saucy; unmannerly;
meddlesome; disrespectful; impudent; insolent.
Usage: {Impertinent}, {Officious}, {Rude}. A person is
officious who obtrudes his offices or assistance where
they are not needed; he is impertinent when he
intermeddles in things with which he has no concern.
The former shows a want of tact, the latter a want of
breeding, or, more commonly, a spirit of sheer
impudence. A person is rude when he violates the
proprieties of social life either from ignorance or
wantonness. ``An impertinent man will ask questions
for the mere grafication of curiosity; a rude man will
burst into the room of another, or push against his
person, inviolant of all decorum; one who is officious
is quite as unfortunate as he is troublesome; when he
strives to serve, he has the misfortune to annoy.''
--Crabb. See {Impudence}, and {Insolent}.
Impertinent \Im*per"ti*nent\, n.
An impertinent person. [R.]
Impertinently \Im*per"ti*nent*ly\, adv.
In an impertinent manner. ``Not to betray myself
impertinently.'' --B. Jonson.
Impertransibility \Im`per*tran`si*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being impertransible. [R.]
Impertransible \Im`per*tran"si*ble\, a. [L. pref. im- not +
pertransire to go through. See {Per-} and {Transient}.]
Incapable of being passed through. [R.]
Impertrubable \Im`per*trub"a*ble\, a. [L. imperturbabilis; pref.
im- not + perturbare to disturb: cf. F. imperturbable. See
{Perture}.]
Incapable of being disturbed or disconcerted; as,
imperturbable gravity.
Imperturbably \Im`per*turb"a*bly\, adv.
In an imperturbable manner; calmly. --C. Bront['e].
Imperturbation \Im*per`tur*ba"tion\, n. [L. imperturbatio.]
Freedom from agitation of mind; calmness; quietude. --W.
Montagu.
Imperturbed \Im`per*turbed"\, a.
Not perturbed.
Imperviability \Im*per`vi*a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being imperviable.
Imperviable \Im*per"vi*a*ble\, a.
Not pervious; impervious. [R.] -- {Im*per"vi*a*ble*ness}, n.
[R.]
Impervious \Im*per"vi*ous\, a. [L. impervius; pref. im- not +
per through + via way. See {Voyage}.]
Not pervious; not admitting of entrance or passage through;
as, a substance impervious to water or air.
This gulf impassable, impervious. --Milton.
The minds of these zealots were absolutely impervious.
--Macaulay.
Syn: Impassable; pathless; impenetrable; imperviable;
impermeable. -- {Im*per"vi*ous*ly}, adv. --
{Im*per"vi*ous*ness}, n.
Impery \Im"per*y\, n.
Empery. [Archaic] --Joye.
Impest \Im*pest"\, v. t.
To affict with pestilence; to infect, as with plague. [Obs.]
Impester \Im*pes"ter\, v. t.
See {Pester}. [Obs.]
Impetiginous \Im`pe*tig"i*nous\, a. [L. impetiginous: cf. F.
imp['e]tigineux.]
Of the nature of, or pertaining to, impetigo.
Impetigo \Im`pe*ti"go\, n. [L., fr. impetere to attack.] (Med.)
A cutaneous, pustular eruption, not attended with fever;
usually, a kind of eczema with pustulation.
Impetrable \Im"pe*tra*ble\a. [L. impetrabilis: cf. F.
imp['e]trable. See {Impetrate}.]
Capable of being obtained or moved by petition. [Obs.]
--Bailey.
Impetrate \Im"pe*trate\, a. [L. impetratus, p. p. of impetrare
to obtain; pref. im- in + patrare to bring to pass.]
Obtained by entreaty. [Obs.] --Ld. Herbert.
Impetrate \Im"pe*trate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impetrated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Impetrating}.]
To obtain by request or entreaty. --Usher.
Impetration \Im`pe*tra"tion\, n. [L. impetratio: cf. F.
imp['e]tration.]
1. The act of impetrating, or obtaining by petition or
entreaty. [Obs.]
In way of impertation procuring the removal or
allevation of our crosses. --Barrow.
2. (Old Eng. Law) The obtaining of benefice from Rome by
solicitation, which benefice belonged to the disposal of
the king or other lay patron of the realm.
Impetrative \Im"pe*tra*tive\, a. [L. impetrativus obtained by
entreaty.]
Of the nature of impetration; getting, or tending to get, by
entreaty. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Impetratory \Im"pe*tra*to*ry\, a.
Containing or expressing entreaty. [Obs.] --Jer. Taylor.
Impetuosity \Im*pet`u*os"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. imp['e]tuosit['e].]
1. The condition or quality of being impetuous; fury;
violence.
2. Vehemence, or furiousnes of temper. --Shak.
Impetuous \Im*pet"u*ous\, a. [F. impetueux, L. impetuosus. See
{Impetus}.]
1. Rushing with force and violence; moving with impetus;
furious; forcible; violent; as, an impetuous wind; an
impetuous torrent.
Went pouring forward with impetuous speed. --Byron.
2. Vehement in feeling; hasty; passionate; violent; as, a man
of impetuous temper.
The people, on their holidays, Impetuous, insolent,
unquenchable. --Milton.
Syn: Forcible; rapid; hasty; precipitate; furious;
boisterous; violent; raging; fierce; passionate. --
{Im*pet"u*ous*ly}, adv. -- {Im*pet"u*ous*ness}, n.
Impetus \Im"pe*tus\, n. [L., fr. impetere to rush upon, attack;
pref. im- in + petere to fall upon, seek. See {Petition}.]
1. A property possessed by a moving body in virtue of its
weight and its motion; the force with which any body is
driven or impelled; momentum.
Note: Momentum is the technical term, impetus its popular
equivalent, yet differing from it as applied commonly
to bodies moving or moved suddenly or violently, and
indicating the origin and intensity of the motion,
rather than its quantity or effectiveness.
2. Fig.: Impulse; incentive; vigor; force. --Buckle.
3. (Gun.) The aititude through which a heavy body must fall
to acquire a velocity equal to that with which a ball is
discharged from a piece.
Impeyan pheasant \Im"pey*an pheas"ant\ [From Lady Impey, who
attempted to naturalize the bird in England.] (Zo["o]l.)
An Indian crested pheasant of the genus {Lophophorus}.
Several species are known. Called also {monaul}, {monal}.
Note: They are remarkable for the bright color and brilliant
matallic hues of their plumage. The best known species
({L. Impeyanus}) has the neck of a brilliant metallic
red, changing to golden yellow in certain lights.
Imphee \Im"phee\, n. (Bot.)
The African sugar cane ({Holcus saccharatus}), -- resembling
the sorghum, or Chinese sugar cane.
Impictured \Im*pic"tured\, a.
Pictured; impressed. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Impierce \Im*pierce"\, v. t. [Pref. im- in + pierce. Cf.
{Empierce}.]
To pierce; to penetrate. [Obs.] --Drayton.
Impierceable \Im*pierce"a*ble\a.
Not capable of being pierced; impenetrable. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Impiety \Im*pi"e*ty\, n.; pl. {Impieties}. [L. impietas, fr.
impius impious; cf. F. impi['e]t['e]. See {Impious},
{Piety}.]
1. The quality of being impious; want of piety; irreverence
toward the Supreme Being; ungodliness; wickedness.
2. An impious act; an act of wickednes.
Those impieties for the which they are now visited.
--Shak.
Syn: Ungodliness; irreligion; unrighteousness; sinfulness;
profaneness; wickedness; godlessness.
Impignorate \Im*pig"no*rate\, v. t. [LL. impignoratus, p. pl of
impignorare to pawn. See {Pignoration}.]
To pledge or pawn. [Obs.] --Laing.
Impignoration \Im*pig`no*ra"tion\, n. [LL. impignoratio: cf. F.
impignoration.]
The act of pawning or pledging; the state of being pawned.
[Obs.] --Bailey.
Imping \Imp"ing\, n. [See {Imp} to graft.]
1. The act or process of grafting or mending. [Archaic]
2. (Falconry) The process of repairing broken feathers or a
deficient wing.
Impinge \Im*pinge"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impinged}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Impinging}.] [L. impingere; pref. im- in + pangere to
fix, strike; prob. akin to pacisci to agree, contract. See
{Pact}, and cf. {Impact}.]
To fall or dash against; to touch upon; to strike; to hit; to
ciash with; -- with on or upon.
The cause of reflection is not the impinging of light
on the solid or impervious parts of bodies. --Sir I.
Newton.
But, in the present order of things, not to be employed
without impinging on God's justice. --Bp.
Warburton.
Impingement \Im*pinge"ment\, n.
The act of impinging.
Impingent \Im*pin"gent\, a. [L. impingens, p. pr.]
Striking against or upon.
Impinguate \Im*pin"guate\, v. t. [L. impinguatus, p. p. of
impinguare to fatten; pref. im- in + pinguis fat.]
To fatten; to make fat. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Impinguation \Im`pin*gua"tion\, n.
The act of making fat, or the state of being fat or fattened.
[Obs.]
Impious \Im"pi*ous\, a. [L. impius; pref. im- not + pius piou.
See {Pious}.]
Not pious; wanting piety; irreligious; irreverent; ungodly;
profane; wanting in reverence for the Supreme Being; as, an
impious deed; impious language.
When vice prevails, and impious men bear away, The post
of honor is a private station. --Addison.
Syn: {Impious}, {Irreligious}, {Profane}.
Usage: Irreligious is negative, impious and profane are
positive. An indifferent man may be irreligious; a
profane man is irreverent in speech and conduct; an
impious man is wickedly and boldly defiant in the
strongest sense. Profane also has the milder sense of
secular. --C. J. Smith. -- {Im"pi*ous*ly}, adv. --
{Im"pi*ous*ness}, n.
Impire \Im"pire\, n.
See {Umpire}. [Obs.] --Huloet.
Impishly \Imp"ish*ly\, a.
Having the qualities, or showing the characteristics, of an
imp.
Impishly \Imp"ish*ly\, adv.
In the manner of an imp.
Imppiteous \Imp*pit"e*ous\, a.
Pitiless; cruel. [Obs.]
Implacability \Im*pla`ca*bil"i*ty\, n. [L. implacabilitas: cf.
F. implacabilit['e].]
The quality or state of being implacable.
Implacable \Im*pla"ca*ble\, a. [L. implacabilis; pref. im- not +
placabilis: cf. F. implacable. See {Placable}.]
1. Not placable; not to be appeased; incapable of being
pacified; inexorable; as, an implacable prince.
I see thou art implacable. --Milton.
An object of implacable enmity. --Macaulay.
2. Incapable of ebign relieved or assuaged; inextinguishable.
[R.]
O! how I burn with implacable fire. --Spenser.
Which wrought them pain Implacable, and many a
dolorous groan. --Milton.
Syn: Unappeasable; inexorable; irreconcilable; unrelenting;
relentless; unyielding.
Implacableness \Im*pla"ca*ble*ness\, n.
The quality of being implacable; implacability.
Implacably \Im*pla"ca*bly\, adv.
In an implacable manner.
Implacental \Im`pla*cen"tal\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Without a placenta, as marsupials and monotremes. -- n. A
mammal having no placenta.
Implacentalia \Im`pla*cen*ta"li*a\, n. pl. [NL. See {In-} not,
and {Placental}.] (Zo["o]l.)
A primary division of the Mammalia, including the monotremes
and marsupials, in which no placenta is formed.
Implant \Im*plant"\v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Implanted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Implanting}.] [Pref. im- in + plant: cf. F. implanter.]
To plant, or infix, for the purpose of growth; to fix deeply;
to instill; to inculate; to introduce; as, to implant the
seeds of virtue, or the principles of knowledge, in the minds
of youth.
Minds well implanted with solid . . . breeding.
--Milton.
Implantation \Im`plan*ta"tion\, n. [Cf. F. implantation.]
The act or process of implantating.
Implate \Im*plate"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Implated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Implating}.]
To cover with plates; to sheathe; as, to implate a ship with
iron.
Implausibility \Im*plau`si*bil"i*ty\, n.
Want of plausibility; the quality of being implausible.
Implausible \Im*plau"si*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not + plausible: cf.
F. implausible.]
Not plausible; not wearing the appearance of truth or
credibility, and not likely to be believed. ``Implausible
harangues.'' --Swift. -- {Im*plau"si*ble*ness}, n. --
{Im*plau"si*bly}, adv.
Impleach \Im*pleach"\, v. t.
To pleach; to interweave. [Obs.] --Shak.
Implead \Im*plead"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impleaded}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Impleading}.] [Cf. {Emplead}.] (Law)
To institute and prosecute a suit against, in court; to sue
or prosecute at law; hence, to accuse; to impeach.
Implead \Im*plead"\, v. i.
To sue at law.
Impleadable \Im*plead"a*ble\, a.
Not admitting excuse, evasion, or plea; rigorous. [R.] --T.
Adams.
Impleader \Im*plead"er\, n. (Law)
One who prosecutes or sues another.
Impleasing \Im*pleas"ing\, a.
Unpleasing; displeasing. [Obs.] --Overbury.
Impledge \Im*pledge"\, v. t.
To pledge. --Sir W. Scott.
Implement \Im"ple*ment\, n. [LL. implementum accomplishment, fr.
L. implere, impletum, to fill up, finish, complete; pref. im-
in + plere to fill. The word was perh. confuse with OF.
empleier, emploier, to employ, F. employer, whence E. employ.
See {Plenty}.]
That which fulfills or supplies a want or use; esp., an
instrument, toll, or utensil, as supplying a requisite to an
end; as, the implements of trade, of husbandry, or of war.
Genius must have talent as its complement and
implement. --Coleridge.
Implement \Im"ple*ment\, v. t.
1. To accomplish; to fulfill. [R.]
Revenge . . . executed and implemented by the hand
of Vanbeest Brown. --Sir W.
Scott.
2. To provide with an implement or implements; to cause to be
fulfilled, satisfied, or carried out, by means of an
implement or implements.
The chief mechanical requisites of the barometer are
implemented in such an instrument as the following.
--Nichol.
3. (Scots Law) To fulfill or perform, as a contract or an
engagement.
Implemental \Im`ple*men"tal\, a.
Pertaining to, or characterized by, implements or their use;
mechanical.
Impletion \Im*ple"tion\, n. [L. impletio. See {Implement}.]
1. The act of filling, or the state of being full. --Sir T.
Browne.
2. That which fills up; filling. --Coleridge.
Implex \Im"plex\, a. [L. implexus, p. p. of implectere to
infold; pref. im- in + plectere to plait: cf. F implexe.]
Intricate; entangled; complicated; complex.
The fable of every poem is . . . simple or implex. it
is called simple when there is no change of fortune in
it; implex, when the fortune of the chief actor changes
from bad to good, or from good to bad. --Addison.
Implexion \Im*plex"ion\, n. [L. implexio.]
Act of involving, or state of being involved; involution.
Impliable \Im*pli"a*ble\, a.
Not pliable; inflexible; inyielding.
Implicate \Im"pli*cate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Implicated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Implicating}.] [L. implicatus, p. p. of
implicare to involve; pref. im- in + plicare to fold. See
{Employ}, {Ply}, and cf. {Imply}, {Implicit}.]
1. To infold; to fold together; to interweave.
The meeting boughs and implicated leaves. --Shelley.
2. To bring into connection with; to involve; to connect; --
applied to persons, in an unfavorable sense; as, the
evidence implicates many in this conspiracy; to be
implicated in a crime, a discreditable transaction, a
fault, etc.
Implication \Im`pli*ca"tion\, n. [L. implicatio: cf. F.
implication.]
1. The act of implicating, or the state of being implicated.
Three principal causes of firmness are. the
grossness, the quiet contact, and the implication of
component parts. --Boyle.
2. An implying, or that which is implied, but not expressed;
an inference, or something which may fairly be understood,
though not expressed in words.
Whatever things, therefore, it was asserted that the
king might do, it was a necessary implication that
there were other things which he could not do.
--Hallam.
Implicative \Im"pli*ca*tive\, a.
Tending to implicate.
Implicatively \Im"pli*ca*tive*ly\, adv.
By implication. --Sir G. Buck.
Implicit \Im*plic"it\, a. [L. implicitus, p. p. of implicare to
entwine, entangle, attach closely: cf. F. implicite. See
{Implicate}.]
1. Infolded; entangled; complicated; involved. [Obs.]
--Milton.
In his woolly fleece I cling implicit. --Pope.
2. Tacitly comprised; fairly to be understood, though not
expressed in words; implied; as, an implicit contract or
agreement. --South.
3. Resting on another; trusting in the word or authority of
another, without doubt or reserve; unquestioning;
complete; as, implicit confidence; implicit obedience.
Back again to implicit faith I fall. --Donne.
{Implicit function}. (Math.) See under {Function}.
Implicitly \Im*plic"it*ly\, adv.
1. In an implicit manner; without reserve; with unreserved
confidence.
Not to dispute the methods of his providence, but
humbly and implicitly to acquiesce in and adore
them. --Atterbury.
2. By implication; impliedly; as, to deny the providence of
God is implicitly to deny his existence. --Bentley.
Implicitness \Im*plic"it*ness\, n.
State or quality of being implicit.
Implicity \Im*plic"i*ty\, n.
Implicitness. [Obs.] --Cotgrave.
Implied \Im*plied"\, a.
Virtually involved or included; involved in substance;
inferential; tacitly conceded; -- the correlative of express,
or expressed. See {Imply}.
Impliedly \Im*pli"ed*ly\, adv.
By implication or inference. --Bp. Montagu.
Imploded \Im*plod"ed\, a. (Phon.)
Formed by implosion. --Ellis.
Implodent \Im*plod"ent\, n. (Phon.)
An implosive sound. --Ellis.
Imploration \Im`plo*ra"tion\, n. [L. imploratio: cf. OF.
imploration. See {Implore}.]
The act of imploring; earnest supplication. --Bp. Hall.
Implorator \Im"plo*ra`tor\, n.
One who implores. [Obs.]
Mere implorators of unholy suits. --Shak.
Imploratory \Im*plor"a*to*ry\, a.
Supplicatory; entreating. [R.] --Carlyle.
Implore \Im*plore"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Implored}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Imploring}.] [L. implorare; pref. im- in + plorare to
cry aloud. See {Deplore}.]
To call upon, or for, in supplication; to beseech; to prey
to, or for, earnestly; to petition with urency; to entreat;
to beg; -- followed directly by the word expressing the thing
sought, or the person from whom it is sought.
Imploring all the gods that reign above. --Pope.
I kneel, and then implore her blessing. --Shak.
Syn: To beseech; supplicate; crave; entreat; beg; solicit;
petition; prey; request; adjure. See {Beseech}.
Implore \Im*plore"\, v. i.
To entreat; to beg; to prey.
Implore \Im*plore"\, n.
Imploration. [Obs.] --Spencer.
Implorer \Im*plor"er\, n.
One who implores.
Imploring \Im*plor"ing\, a.
That implores; beseeching; entreating. -- {Im*plor"ing*ly},
adv.
Implosion \Im*plo"sion\, n. [Formed by substitution of pref. im-
in for pref. ex- in explosion.]
1. A burstion inwards, as of a vessel from which the air has
been exhausted; -- contrasted with explosion.
2. (Phon.) A sudden compression of the air in the mouth,
simultaneously with and affecting the sound made by the
closure of the organs in uttering p, t, or k, at the end
of a syllable (see Guide to Pronunciation,
[sect][sect]159, 189); also, a similar compression made by
an upward thrust of the larynx without any accompanying
explosive action, as in the peculiar sound of b, d, and g,
heard in Southern Germany. --H. Sweet.
Implosive \Im*plo"sive\, a. (Phon.)
Formed by implosion. -- n. An implosive sound, an implodent.
-- {Im*plo"sive*ly}, adv. --H. Sweet.
Implumed \Im*plumed"\, a.
Not plumed; without plumes or feathers; featherless. [R.]
--Drayton.
Implunge \Im*plunge"\, v. t.
To plunge. --Fuller.
Impluvium \Im*plu"vi*um\, n. [L., fr. impluere to rain into;
pref. im- in + pluere to rain.] (Arch.)
In Roman dwellings, a cistern or tank, set in the atrium or
peristyle to recieve the water from the roof, by means of the
compluvium; generally made ornamental with flowers and works
of art around its birm.
Imply \Im*ply"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Implied}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Implying}.] [From the same source as employ. See {Employ},
{Ply}, and cf. {Implicate}, {Apply}.]
1. To infold or involve; to wrap up. [Obs.] ``His head in
curls implied.'' --Chapman.
2. To involve in substance or essence, or by fair inference,
or by construction of law, when not include virtually; as,
war implies fighting.
Where a mulicious act is proved, a mulicious
intention is implied. --Bp.
Sherlock.
When a man employs a laborer to work for him, . . .
the act of hiring implies an obligation and a
promise that he shall pay him a reasonable reward
for his services. --Blackstone.
3. To refer, ascribe, or attribute. [Obs.]
Whence might this distaste arise?
If [from] neither your perverse and peevish will. To
which I most imply it. --J. Webster.
Syn: To involve; include; comprise; import; mean; denote;
signify; betoken. See {Involve}.
Impoison \Im*poi"son\, v. t. [Cf. {Empoison}.]
To poison; to imbitter; to impair.
Impoisoner \Im*poi"son*er\, n.
A poisoner. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fi.
Impoisonment \Im*poi"son*ment\, n. [Cf. {Empoisonment}.]
The act of poisoning or impoisoning. [Obs.] --Pope.
Impolarily \Im*po"lar*i*ly\, Impolarly \Im*po"lar*ly\, adv.
Not according to or in, the direction of the poles. [Obs.]
--Sir T. Browne.
Impolicy \Im*pol"i*cy\, n.
The quality of being impolitic; inexpedience; unsuitableness
to the end proposed; bads policy; as, the impolicy of fraud.
--Bp. Horsley.
Impolite \Im`po*lite"\, a. [L. impolitus unpolishied, pref. im-
not + politus, p. p. of polire to polish, refine. See
{Polite}.]
Not polite; not of polished manners; wanting in good manners;
discourteous; uncivil; rude. -- {Im`po*lite"ly}, adv. --
{Im`po*lite"ness}, n.
Impolitic \Im*pol"i*tic\, a. [Pref. im- not + politic; cf. F.
impolitique.]
Not politic; contrary to, or wanting in, policy; unwise;
imprudent; indiscreet; inexpedient; as, an impolitic ruler,
law, or measure.
The most unjust and impolitic of all things, unequal
taxation. --Burke.
Syn: Indiscreet; inexpedient; undiplomatic.
Impolitical \Im`po*lit"i*cal\, a.
Impolitic. [Obs.] -- {Im`po*lit"i*cal*ly}, adv. [Obs.]
--Bacon.
Impoliticly \Im*pol"i*tic*ly\, adv.
In an impolitic manner.
Impoliticness \Im*pol"i*tic*ness\, n.
The quality of being impolitic.
Imponderability \Im*pon`der*a*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
impond['e]rabilit['e].]
The quality or state of being imponderable; imponderableness.
Imponderable \Im*pon"der*a*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not + ponderable:
cf. F. impond['e]rable.]
Not ponderable; without sensible or appreciable weight;
incapable of being weighed.
Imponderable \Im*pon"der*a*ble\, n. (Physics)
An imponderable substance or body; specifically, in the
plural, a name formerly applied to heat, light, electricity,
and magnetism, regarded as subtile fluids destitute of weight
but in modern science little used.
Imponderableness \Im*pon"der*a*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being imponderable.
Imponderous \Im*pon"der*ous\, a.
Imponderable. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne. --
{Im*pon"der*ous*ness}, n. [Obs.]
Impone \Im*pone"\, v. t. [L. imponere, impositum, to place upon;
pref. im- in + ponere to place. See {Position}.]
To stake; to wager; to pledge. [Obs.]
Against the which he has imponed, as I take it, six
French rapiers and poniards. --Shak.
Impoofo \Im*poo"fo\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The eland. [Written also {impoofoo}.]
Impoon \Im*poon"\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The duykerbok.
Impoor \Im*poor"\, v. t.
To impoverish. [Obs.]
Imporosity \Im`po*ros"i*ty\, n. [Perf. im- not + porosity: cf.
F. imporosit['e].]
The state or quality of being imporous; want of porosity;
compactness. ``The . . . imporosity betwixt the tangible
parts.'' --Bacon.
Imporous \Im*por"ous\, a.
Destitute of pores; very close or compact in texture; solid.
--Sir T. Browne.
Import \Im*port"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imported}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Importing}.] [L. importare to bring in, to occasion, to
cause; pref. im- in + portare to bear. Sense 3 comes through
F. importer, from the Latin. See {Port} demeanor.]
1. To bring in from abroad; to introduce from without;
especially, to bring (wares or merchandise) into a place
or country from a foreign country, in the transactions of
commerce; -- opposed to export. We import teas from China,
coffee from Brasil, etc.
2. To carry or include, as meaning or intention; to imply; to
signify.
Every petition . . . doth . . . always import a
multitude of speakers together. --Hooker.
3. To be of importance or consequence to; to have a bearing
on; to concern.
I have a motion much imports your good. --Shak.
If I endure it, what imports it you? --Dryden.
Syn: To denote; mean; sighify; imply; indicate; betoken;
interest; concern.
Import \Im*port"\, v. i.
To signify; to purport; to be of moment. ``For that . . .
importeth to the work.'' --Bacon.
Import \Im"port\, n.
1. Merchandise imported, or brought into a country from
without its boundaries; -- generally in the plural,
opposed to exports.
I take the imports from, and not the exports to,
these conquests, as the measure of these advantages
which we derived from them. --Burke.
2. That which a word, phrase, or document contains as its
signification or intention or interpretation of a word,
action, event, and the like.
3. Importance; weight; consequence.
Most serious design, and the great import. --Shak.
Importable \Im*port"a*ble\, a. [Cf. F. importable. See
{Import}.]
Capable of being imported.
Importable \Im*port"a*ble\, a. [L. importabilis; pref. im- not +
portabilis bearable: cf. OF. importable. See {Portable}.]
Not to be endured; insupportable; intolerable. [Obs.]
--Chaucer. -- {Im*port"a*ble*ness}, n. [Obs.]
Importance \Im*por"tance\, n. [F. importance. See {Important}.]
1. The quality or state of being important; consequence;
weight; moment; significance.
Thy own importance know, Nor bound thy narrow views
to things below. --Pope.
2. Subject; matter. [Obs.]
Upon importance of so slight and trivial a nature.
--Shak.
3. Import; meaning; significance. [Obs.]
The wisest beholder could not say if the importance
were joy or sorrow. --Shak.
4. Importunity; solicitation. [Obs.]
At our importance hither is he come. --Shak.
Importancy \Im*por"tan*cy\, n.
Importance; significance; consequence; that which is
important. [Obs.] --Shak. ``Careful to conceal
importancies.'' --Fuller.
Important \Im*por"tant\, a. [F. important. See {Import}, v. t.]
1. Full of, or burdened by, import; charged with great
interests; restless; anxious. [Obs.]
Thou hast strength as much As serves to execute a
mind very important. --Chapman.
2. Carrying or possessing weight or consequence; of valuable
content or bearing; significant; weighty.
Things small as nothing . . . He makes important.
--Shak.
3. Bearing on; forcible; driving. [Obs.]
He fiercely at him flew, And with important outrage
him assailed. --Spenser.
4. Importunate; pressing; urgent. [Obs.] --Shak.
Syn: Weighty; momentous; significant; essential; necessary;
considerable; influential; serious.
Importantly \Im*por"tant*ly\, adv.
In an important manner.
Importation \Im`por*ta"tion\, n. [Cf. F. importation. See
{Import}, v. t.]
1. The act of carrying, conveying, or delivering. [R.]
2. The act or practice of importing, or bringing into a
country or state; -- opposed to exportation.
3. That which is imported; commodities or wares introduced
into a country from abroad.
Importer \Im*port"er\, n.
One who imports; the merchant who brings goods into a country
or state; -- opposed to exporter.
Importing \Im*port"ing\, a.
Full of meaning. [Obs.] --Shak.
Importless \Im*port"less\, a.
Void of meaning. [Obs.] --Shak.
Importunable \Im*por"tu*na*ble\, a.
Heavy; insupportable. [Obs.] --Sir T. More.
Importunacy \Im*por"tu*na*cy\, n. [From {Importunate}.]
The quality of being importunate; importunateness.
Importunate \Im*por"tu*nate\, a. [See {Importune}.]
1. Troublesomely urgent; unreasonably solicitous;
overpressing in request or demand; urgent; teasing; as, an
impotunate petitioner, curiosity. --Whewell.
2. Hard to be borne; unendurable. [R.] --Donne. --
{Im*por"tu*nate*ly}, adv. -- {Im*por"tu*nate*ness}, n.
Importunator \Im*por"tu*na`tor\, n.
One who importunes; an importuner. [Obs.] --Sir E. Sandys.
Importunee \Im`por*tunee"\, a. [F. importun, L. importunus;
pref. im- not + a derivative from the root of portus harbor,
importunus therefore orig. meaning, hard of access. See
{Port} harbor, and cf. {Importunate}.]
1. Inopportune; unseasonable. [Obs.]
2. Troublesome; vexatious; persistent; urgent; hence,
vexatious on account of untimely urgency or perinacious
solicitation. [Obs.]
And their importune fates all satisfied. --Spenser.
Of all other affections it [envy] is the most
importune and continual. --Bacon.
Importune \Im`por*tune"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Importuned}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Importuning}.] [From {Importune}, a.: cf. F.
importuner.]
1. To request or solicit, with urgency; to press with
frequent, unreasonable, or troublesome application or
pertinacity; hence, to tease; to irritate; to worry.
Their ministers and residents here have perpetually
importuned the court with unreasonable demands.
--Swift.
2. To import; to signify. [Obs.] ``It importunes death.''
--Spenser.
Importune \Im`por*tune"\, v. i.
To require; to demand. [Obs.]
We shall write to you, As time and our concernings
shall importune. --Shak.
Importunely \Im`por*tune"ly\, adv.
In an importune manner. [Obs.]
Importuner \Im`por*tun"er\, n.
One who importunes.
Importunity \Im`por*tu"ni*ty\, n.; pl. {Importunities}. [L.
importunitas unsuitableness, rudeness: cf. F.
importunit['e].]
The quality of being importunate; pressing or pertinacious
solicitation; urgent request; incessant or frequent
application; troublesome pertinacity.
O'ercome with importunity and tears. --Milton.
Importuous \Im*por"tu*ous\, a. [L. importuosus; pref. im- not +
portuosus abounding in harbors, fr. portus harbor.]
Without a port or harbor. [R.]
Imposable \Im*pos"a*ble\, a. [Cf. F. imposable.]
Capable of being imposed or laid on. --Hammond.
Imposableness \Im*pos"a*ble*ness\, n.
Quality of being imposable.
Impose \Im*pose"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imposed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Imposing}.] [F. imposer; pref. im- in + poser to place.
See {Pose}, v. t.]
1. To lay on; to set or place; to put; to deposit.
Cakes of salt and barley [she] did impose Within a
wicker basket. --Chapman.
2. To lay as a charge, burden, tax, duty, obligation,
command, penalty, etc.; to enjoin; to levy; to inflict;
as, to impose a toll or tribute.
What fates impose, that men must needs abide.
--Shak.
Death is the penalty imposed. --Milton.
Thou on the deep imposest nobler laws. --Waller.
3. (Eccl.) To lay on, as the hands, in the religious rites of
confirmation and ordination.
4. (Print.) To arrange in proper order on a table of stone or
metal and lock up in a chase for printing; -- said of
columns or pages of type, forms, etc.
Impose \Im*pose"\, v. i.
To practice trick or deception.
{To impose on} or {upon}, to pass or put a trick on; to
delude. ``He imposes on himself, and mistakes words for
things.'' --Locke.
Impose \Im*pose"\, n.
A command; injunction. [Obs.] --Shak.
Imposement \Im*pose"ment\, n.
Imposition. [Obs.]
Imposer \Im*pos"er\, n.
One who imposes.
The imposers of these oaths might repent. --Walton.
Imposing \Im*pos"ing\, a.
1. Laying as a duty; enjoining.
2. Adapted to impress forcibly; impressive; commanding; as,
an imposing air; an imposing spectacle. ``Large and
imposing edifices.'' --Bp. Hobart.
3. Deceiving; deluding; misleading.
Imposing \Im*pos"ing\, n. (Print.)
The act of imposing the columns of a page, or the pages of a
sheet. See {Impose}, v. t., 4.
{Imposing stone} (Print.), the stone on which the pages or
columns of types are imposed or made into forms; -- called
also {imposing table}.
Imposingly \Im*pos"ing*ly\, adv.
In an imposing manner.
Imposingness \Im*pos"ing*ness\, n.
The quality of being imposing.
Imposition \Im`po*si"tion\, n. [F., fr. L. impositio the
application of a name to a thing. See {Impone}.]
1. The act of imposing, laying on, affixing, enjoining,
inflicting, obtruding, and the like. ``From imposition of
strict laws.'' --Milton.
Made more solemn by the imposition of hands.
--Hammond.
2. That which is imposed, levied, or enjoined; charge;
burden; injunction; tax.
3. (Eng. Univ.) An extra exercise enjoined on students as a
punishment. --T. Warton.
4. An excessive, arbitrary, or unlawful exaction; hence, a
trick or deception put on laid on others; cheating; fraud;
delusion; imposture.
Reputation is an idle and most false imposition.
--Shak.
5. (Eccl.) The act of laying on the hands as a religious
ceremoy, in ordination, confirmation, etc.
6. (Print.) The act or process of imosing pages or columns of
type. See {Impose}, v. t., 4.
Syn: Deceit; fraud; imposture. See {Deception}.
Impossibility \Im*pos`si*bil"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Impossibilities}.
[L. impossibilitas: cf. F. impossibilit['e].]
1. The quality of being impossible; impracticability.
They confound difficulty with impossibility.
--South.
2. An impossible thing; that which can not be thought, done,
or endured.
Impossibilities! O, no, there's none. --Cowley.
3. Inability; helplessness. [R.] --Latimer.
{Logical impossibility}, a condition or statement involving
contradiction or absurdity; as, that a thing can be and
not be at the same time. See {Principle of Contradiction},
under {Contradiction}.
Impossible \Im*pos"si*ble\, a. [F., fr. L. impossibilis; pref.
im- not + possibilis possible. See {Possible}.]
Not possible; incapable of being done, of existing, etc.;
unattainable in the nature of things, or by means at command;
insuperably difficult under the circumstances; absurd or
impracticable; not feasible.
With men this is impossible; but with God all things
are possible. --Matt. xix.
26.
Without faith it is impossible to please him. --Heb.
xi. 6.
{Impossible quantity} (Math.), an imagnary quantity. See
{Imaginary}.
Syn: See {Impracticable}.
Impossible \Im*pos"si*ble\, n.
An impossibility. [Obs.]
``Madam,'' quoth he, ``this were an impossible!''
--Chaucer.
Impossibly \Im*pos"si*bly\, adv.
Not possibly. --Sir. T. North.
Impost \Im"post\, n. [OF. impost, F. impot, LL. impostus, fr. L.
impostus, p. p. of imponere to impose. See {Impone}.]
1. That which is imposed or levied; a tax, tribute, or duty;
especially, a duty or tax laid by goverment on goods
imported into a country.
Even the ship money . . . Johnson could not
pronounce to have been an unconstitutional impost.
--Macaulay.
2. (Arch.) The top member of a pillar, pier, wall, etc., upon
which the weight of an arch rests.
Note: The impost is called continuous, if the moldings of the
arch or architrave run down the jamb or pier without a
break.
Syn: Tribute; excise; custom; duty; tax.
Imposthumate \Im*post"hu*mate\, v. t. [See {Imposthume}.]
To apostemate; to form an imposthume or abscess. --Arbuthnot.
Imposthumate \Im*post"hu*mate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Imposthumated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Imposthumating}.]
To affect with an imposthume or abscess.
Imposthumate \Im*post"hu*mate\, a.
Imposthumated.
Imposthumation \Im*post`hu*ma"tion\, n.
1. The act of forming an abscess; state of being inflamed;
suppuration.
2. An abscess; an imposthume. --Coxe.
Imposthume \Im*post"hume\, n. [A corruption of aposteme. See
{Aposteme}.]
A collection of pus or purulent matter in any part of an
animal body; an abscess.
Imposthume \Im*post"hume\, v. t. & i.
Same as {Imposthumate}.
Impostor \Im*pos"tor\, n. [L. impostor a deceiver, fr. imponere
to impose upon, deceive. See {Impone}.]
One who imposes upon others; a person who assumes a character
or title not his own, for the purpose of deception; a
pretender. ``The fraudulent impostor foul.'' --Milton.
Syn: Deceiver; cheat; rogue. See {Deceiver}.
Impostorship \Im*pos"tor*ship\, n.
The condition, character, or practice of an impostor.
--Milton.
Impostress \Im*pos"tress\, Impostrix \Im*pos"trix\, n. [LL.
impostrix. See {Impostor}.]
A woman who imposes upon or deceives others. [R.] --Fuller.
Impostrous \Im*pos"trous\, n.
Characterized by imposture; deceitful. ``Impostrous pretense
of knowledge.'' --Grote.
Imposturage \Im*pos"tur*age\, n.
Imposture; cheating. [R.] --Jer. Taylor.
Imposture \Im*pos"ture\, n. [L. impostura: cf. F. imposture. See
{Impone}.]
The act or conduct of an impostor; deception practiced under
a false or assumed character; fraud or imposition; cheating.
From new legends And fill the world with follies and
impostures. --Johnson.
Syn: Cheat; fraud; trick; imposition; delusion.
Impostured \Im*pos"tured\, a.
Done by imposture. [Obs.]
Imposturous \Im*pos"tur*ous\, a.
Impostrous; deceitful.
Strictness fales and impostrous. --Beau. & Fl.
Impostury \Im*pos"tur*y\, n.
Imposture. [Obs.] --Fuller.
Impotence \Im"po*tence\, Impotency \Im"po*ten*cy\, n. [L.
impotenia inability, poverty, want of moderation. See
{Impotent}.]
1. The quality or condition of being impotent; want of
strength or power, animal, intellectual, or moral;
weakness; feebleness; inability; imbecility.
Some were poor by impotency of nature; as young
fatherless children, old decrepit persons, idiots,
and cripples. --Hayward.
O, impotence of mind in body strong! --Milton.
2. Want of self-restraint or self-control. [R.] --Milton.
3. (Law & Med.) Want of procreative power; inability to
copulate, or beget children; also, sometimes, sterility;
barrenness.
Impotent \Im"po*tent\, a. [F. impotent, L. impotens, -entis;
pref. im- not + potens potent, powerful. See {Potent}.]
1. Not potent; wanting power, strength. or vigor. whether
physical, intellectual, or moral; deficient in capacity;
destitute of force; weak; feeble; infirm.
There sat a certain man at Lystra, impotent inhis
feet. --Acts xiv. 8.
O most lame and impotent conclusion! --Shak.
Not slow to hear, Nor impotent to save. --Addison.
2. Wanting the power of self-restraint; incontrolled;
ungovernable; violent.
Impotent of tongue, her silence broke. --Dryden.
3. (Med.) Wanting the power of procreation; unable to
copulate; also, sometimes, sterile; barren.
Impotent \Im"po*tent\, n.
One who is imoitent. [R.] --Shak.
Impotently \Im"po*tent*ly\, adv.
In an impotent manner.
Impound \Im*pound"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impounded}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Impounding}.]
To shut up or place in an inclosure called a pound; hence, to
hold in the custody of a court; as, to impound stray cattle;
to impound a document for safe keeping.
But taken and impounded as a stray, The king of Scots.
--Shak.
Impoundage \Im*pound"age\, n.
1. The act of impounding, or the state of being impounded.
2. The fee or fine for impounding.
Impounder \Im*pound"er\, n.
One who impounds.
Impoverish \Im*pov"er*ish\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impoverished};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Impoverishing}.] [OF. empovrir; pref. em-
(L. in) + povre poor, F. pauvre; cf. OF. apovrir, F.
appauvrir, where the prefix is a-, L. ad. Cf. {Empoverish},
and see {Poor}, and {-ish}.]
1. To make poor; to reduce to poverty or indigence; as,
misfortune and disease impoverish families.
2. To exhaust the strength, richness, or fertility of; to
make sterile; as, to impoverish land.
Impoverisher \Im*pov"er*ish*er\, n.
One who, or that which, impoverishes.
Impoverishment \Im*pov"er*ish*ment\, n. [Cf. OF.
empoverissement, and F. appauvrissement.]
The act of impoverishing, or the state of being impoverished;
reduction to poverty. --Sir W. Scott.
Impower \Im*pow"er\, v. t.
See {Empower}.
Imp-pole \Imp"-pole`\, n. (Building)
A pole for supporting a scaffold.
Impracticability \Im*prac`ti*ca*bil"i*ty\, n.; pl.
{Impracticabilities}.
1. The state or quality of being impracticable;
infeasibility. --Goldsmith.
2. An impracticable thing.
3. Intractableness; stubbornness.
Impracticable \Im*prac"ti*ca*ble\, a.
1. Not practicable; incapable of being performed, or
accomplished by the means employed, or at command;
impossible; as, an impracticable undertaking.
2. Not to be overcome, presuaded, or controlled by any
reasonable method; unmanageable; intractable; not capable
of being easily dealt with; -- used in a general sense, as
applied to a person or thing that is difficult to control
or get along with.
This though, impracticable heart Is governed by a
dainty-fingered girl. --Rowe.
Patriotic butloyal men went away disguested afresh
with the impracticable arrogance of a sovereign.
--Palfrey.
3. Incapable of being used or availed of; as, an
impracticable road; an impracticable method.
Syn: Impossible; infeasible. -- {Impracticable},
{Impossible}. A thing is impracticable when it can not
be accomplished by any human means at present possessed;
a thing is impossible when the laws of nature forbid it.
The navigation of a river may now be impracticable, but
not impossible, because the existing obstructions may
yet be removed. ``The barons exercised the most despotic
authority over their vassals, and every scheme of public
utility was rendered impracticable by their continued
petty wars with each other.'' --Mickle. ``With men this
is impossible, but with God all things are possible.''
--Matt. xix. 26.
Impracticableness \Im*prac"ti*ca*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being impracticable;
impracticability.
Impracticably \Im*prac"ti*ca*bly\, adv.
In an impracticable manner.
Morality not impracticably rigid. --Johnson.
Impractical \Im*prac"ti*cal\, a.
Not practical.
Imprecate \Im"pre*cate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imprecated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Imprecating}.] [L. imprecatus, p. p. of
imprecari to imprecate; pref. im- in, on + precari to pray.
See {Pray}.]
1. To call down by prayer, as something hurtful or
calamitous.
Imprecate the vengeance of Heaven on the guilty
empire. --Mickle.
2. To invoke evil upon; to curse; to swear at.
In vain we blast the ministers of Fate, And the
forlorn physicians imprecate. --Rochester.
Imprecation \Im`pre*ca"tion\, n. [L. imprecatio: cf. F.
impr['e]cation.]
The act of imprecating, or invoking evil upon any one; a
prayer that a curse or calamity may fall on any one; a curse.
Men cowered like slaves before such horrid
imprecations. --Motley.
Syn: Malediction; curse; execration; anathema. See
{Malediction}.
Imprecatory \Im"pre*ca*to*ry\, a.
Of the nature of, or containing, imprecation; invoking evil;
as, the imprecatory psalms.
Imprecision \Im`pre*ci"sion\, n.
Want of precision. [R.]
Impregn \Im*pregn"\, v. t. [Cf. F. impregner. See {Impregnate}.]
To impregnate; to make fruitful. [Obs.]
His perniciouss words, impregned With reason. --Milton.
Semele doth Bacchus bear Impregned of Jove. --Dr. H.
More.
Impregnability \Im*preg`na*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being impregnable; invincibility.
Impregnable \Im*preg"na*ble\, a. [F. imprenable; pref. im- not +
prenable pregnable, fr. prendre to take, L. prehendere. See
{Comprehend}, {Get} to obtain.]
Not to be stormed, or taken by assault; incapable of being
subdued; able to resist attack; unconquerable; as, an
impregnable fortress; impregnable virtue.
The man's affection remains wholly unconcerned and
impregnable. --South.
-- {Im*preg"na*ble*ness}, n. -- {Im*preg"na*bly}, adv.
Impregnable \Im*preg"na*ble\, a. [See Impregnate.] (Biol.)
Capable of being impregnated, as the egg of an animal, or the
ovule of a plant.
Impregnant \Im*preg"nant\, n. [See {Impregnate}.]
That which impregnates. [R.] --Glanvill.
Impregnant \Im*preg"nant\, a. [Pref. im- not + pregnant.]
Not pregnant; unfertilized or infertile. [R.]
Impregnate \Im*preg"nate\ ([i^]m*pr[e^]g"n[=a]t), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. {Impregnated} (-n[asl]*t[e^]d); p. pr. & vb. n.
{Impregnating} (-n[asl]*t[i^]ng).] [LL. impraegnatus, p. p.
of impraegnare to impregnate, fr. L. pref. im- in + praegnans
pregnant. See {Pregnant}.]
1. To make pregnant; to cause to conceive; to render
prolific; to get with child or young.
2. (Biol.) To come into contact with (an ovum or egg) so as
to cause impregnation; to fertilize; to fecundate.
3. To infuse an active principle into; to render fruitful or
fertile in any way; to fertilize; to imbue.
4. To infuse particles of another substance into; to
communicate the quality of another to; to cause to be
filled, imbued, mixed, or furnished (with something); as,
to impregnate India rubber with sulphur; clothing
impregnated with contagion; rock impregnated with ore.
Impregnate \Im*preg"nate\ ([i^]m*pr[e^]g"n[=a]t), v. i.
To become pregnant. --Addison.
Impregnate \Im*preg"nate\ (-n[asl]t), a. [LL. impraegnatus, p.
p.]
Impregnated; made prolific.
The scorching ray Here pierceth not, impregnate with
disease. --Byron.
Impregnation \Im`preg*na"tion\, n. [Cf. F. impr['e]gnation, LL.
impraegnatio.]
1. The act of impregnating or the state of being impregnated;
fecundation.
2. (Biol.) The fusion of a female germ cell (ovum) with a
male germ cell (in animals, a spermatozo["o]n) to form a
single new cell endowed with the power of developing into
a new individual; fertilization; fecundation.
Note: In the broadest biological sense, impregnation, or
sexual generation, consists simply in the coalescence
of two similar masses of protoplasmic matter, either
derived from different parts of the same organism or
from two distinct organisms. From the single mass,
which results from the fusion, or coalescence, of these
two masses, a new organism develops.
3. That with which anything is impregnated. --Derham.
4. Intimate mixture; influsion; saturation.
5. (Mining) An ore deposit, with indefinite boundaries,
consisting of rock impregnated with ore. --Raymond.
Imprejudicate \Im`pre*ju"di*cate\, a.
Not prejuged; unprejudiced; impartial. [Obs.] --Sir T.
Browne.
Imprenable \Im*pre"na*ble\, a.
Impregnable. [Obs.]
Impreparation \Im*prep`a*ra"tion\, n.
Want of preparation. [Obs.] --Hooker.
Impresa \Im*pre"sa\, n. [It. See {Emprise}, and cf. {Impress},
n., 4.] (Her.)
A device on a shield or seal, or used as a bookplate or the
like. [Written also {imprese} and {impress}.]
My impresa to your lordship; a swain Flying to a laurel
for shelter. --J. Webster.
Impresario \Im`pre*sa"ri*o\, n.; pl. {Impresarios}. [It., from
impresa enterprise.]
The projector, manager, or conductor, of an opera or concert
company.
Imprescriptibility \Im`pre*scrip`ti*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
imprescriptibilit['e].]
The quality of being imprescriptible.
Imprescriptible \Im`pre*scrip"ti*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not +
prescriptible: cf. F. imprescriptible.]
1. Not capable of being lost or impaired by neglect, by
disuse, or by the claims of another founded on
prescription.
The right of navigation, fishing, and others that
may be exercised on the sea, belonging to the right
of mere ability, are imprescriptible. --Vattel
(Trans. )
2. Not derived from, or dependent on, external authority;
self-evidencing; obvious.
The imprescriptible laws of the pure reason.
--Colerridge.
Imprescriptibly \Im`pre*scrip"ti*bly\, adv.
In an imprescriptible manner; obviously.
Imprese \Im*prese"\, n.
A device. See {Impresa}.
An imprese, as the Italians call it, is a device in
picture with his motto or word, borne by noble or
learned personages. --Camden.
Impress \Im*press"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impressed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Impressing}.] [L. impressus, p. p. of imprimere to
impress; pref. im- in, on + premere to press. See {Press} to
squeeze, and cf. {Imprint}.]
1. To press, stamp, or print something in or upon; to mark by
pressure, or as by pressure; to imprint (that which bears
the impression).
His heart, like an agate, with your print impressed.
--Shak.
2. To produce by pressure, as a mark, stamp, image, etc.; to
imprint (a mark or figure upon something).
3. Fig.: To fix deeply in the mind; to present forcibly to
the attention, etc.; to imprint; to inculcate.
Impress the motives of persuasion upon our own
hearts till we feel the force of them. --I. Watts.
4. [See {Imprest}, {Impress}, n., 5.] To take by force for
public service; as, to impress sailors or money.
The second five thousand pounds impressed for the
service of the sick and wounded prisoners. --Evelyn.
Impress \Im*press"\, v. i.
To be impressed; to rest. [Obs.]
Such fiendly thoughts in his heart impress. --Chaucer.
Impress \Im"press\, n.; pl. {Impresses}.
1. The act of impressing or making.
2. A mark made by pressure; an indentation; imprint; the
image or figure of anything, formed by pressure or as if
by pressure; result produced by pressure or influence.
The impresses of the insides of these shells.
--Woodward.
This weak impress of love is as a figure Trenched in
ice. --Shak.
3. Characteristic; mark of distinction; stamp. --South.
4. A device. See {Impresa}. --Cussans.
To describe . . . emblazoned shields, Impresses
quaint. --Milton.
5. [See {Imprest}, {Press} to force into service.] The act of
impressing, or taking by force for the public service;
compulsion to serve; also, that which is impressed.
Why such impress of shipwrights? --Shak.
{Impress gang}, a party of men, with an officer, employed to
impress seamen for ships of war; a press gang.
{Impress money}, a sum of money paid, immediately upon their
entering service, to men who have been impressed.
Impressibility \Im*press`i*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being impressible; susceptibility.
Impressible \Im*press"i*ble\, a. [Cf. F. impressible.]
Capable of being impressed; susceptible; sensitive. --
{Im*press"i*ble*ness}, n. -- {Im*press"i*bly}, adv.
Impression \Im*pres"sion\, n. [F. impression, L. impressio.]
1. The act of impressing, or the state of being impressed;
the communication of a stamp, mold, style, or character,
by external force or by influence.
2. That which is impressed; stamp; mark; indentation;
sensible result of an influence exerted from without.
The stamp and clear impression of good sense.
--Cowper.
To shelter us from impressions of weather, we must
spin, we must weave, we must build. --Barrow.
3. That which impresses, or exercises an effect, action, or
agency; appearance; phenomenon. [Obs.]
Portentous blaze of comets and impressions in the
air. --Milton.
A fiery impression falling from out of Heaven.
--Holland.
4. Influence or effect on the senses or the intellect hence,
interest, concern. --Reid.
His words impression left. --Milton.
Such terrible impression made the dream. --Shak.
I have a father's dear impression, And wish, before
I fall into my grave, That I might see her married.
--Ford.
5. An indistinct notion, remembrance, or belief.
6. Impressiveness; emphasis of delivery.
Which must be read with an impression. --Milton.
7. (Print.) The pressure of the type on the paper, or the
result of such pressure, as regards its appearance; as, a
heavy impression; a clear, or a poor, impression; also, a
single copy as the result of printing, or the whole
edition printed at a given time.
Ten impressions which his books have had. --Dryden.
8. In painting, the first coat of color, as the priming in
house painting and the like. [R.]
9. (Engraving) A print on paper from a wood block, metal
plate, or the like.
{Proof impression}, one of the early impressions taken from
an engraving, before the plate or block is worn.
Impressionability \Im*pres`sion*a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being impressionable.
Impresionable \Im*pres"ion*a*ble\, a. [Cf. F. impressionnable.]
Liable or subject to impression; capable of being molded;
susceptible; impressible.
He was too impressionable; he had too much of the
temperament of genius. --Motley.
A pretty face and an impressionable disposition. --T.
Hook.
Impressionableness \Im*pres"sion*a*ble*ness\, n.
The quality of being impressionable.
Impressionism \Im*pres"sion*ism\, n. [F. impressionnisme.] (Fine
Arts)
The theory or method of suggesting an effect or impression
without elaboration of the details; -- a disignation of a
recent fashion in painting and etching.
Impressionist \Im*pres"sion*ist\, n. [F. impressionniste.] (Fine
Arts)
One who adheres to the theory or method of impressionism, so
called.
Impressionistic \Im*pres`sion*is"tic\, a.
Pertaining to, or characterized by, impressionism.
Impressionless \Im*pres"sion*less\, a.
Having the quality of not being impressed or affected; not
susceptible.
Impressive \Im*press"ive\, a. [Cf. F. impressif.]
1. Making, or tending to make, an impression; having power to
impress; adapted to excite attention and feeling, to touch
the sensibilities, or affect the conscience; as, an
impressive discourse; an impressive scene.
2. Capable of being impressed. [Obs.] --Drayton. -
{Im*press"ive*ly}, adv. -- {Im*press"ive*ness}, n.
Impressment \Im*press"ment\, n.
The act of seizing for public use, or of impressing into
public service; compulsion to serve; as, the impressment of
provisions or of sailors.
The great scandal of our naval service -- impressment
-- died a protracted death. --J. H.
Burton.
Impressor \Im*press"or\, n. [LL., a printer.]
One who, or that which, impresses. --Boyle.
Impressure \Im*pres"sure\, n. [Cf. OF. impressure, LL.
impressura.]
Dent; impression. [Obs.] --Shak.
Imprest \Im*prest"\, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. {Imprested}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Impresting}.] [Pref. im- + prest: cf. It. imprestare.
See {Prest}, n.]
To advance on loan. --Burke.
Imprest \Im"prest\, n. [Cf. It. impresto, imprestito, LL.
impraestitum. See {Imprest}, v. t., and {Impress} compulsion
to serve.]
A kind of earnest money; loan; -- specifically, money
advanced for some public service, as in enlistment. --Burke.
The clearing of their imprests for what little of their
debts they have received. --Pepys.
Imprevalence \Im*prev"a*lence\, Imprevalency \Im*prev"a*len*cy\,
n.
Want of prevalence. [Obs.]
Impreventability \Im`pre*vent`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being impreventable. [R.]
Impreventable \Im`pre*vent"a*ble\, a.
Not preventable; invitable.
Imprimatur \Im`pri*ma"tur\, n. [L., let it be printed.] (Law)
A license to print or publish a book, paper, etc.; also, in
countries subjected to the censorship of the press, approval
of that which is published.
Imprimery \Im*prim"er*y\, n. [F. imprimerie, fr. imprimer to
imprint.] [Obs.]
(a) A print; impression.
(b) A printing establishment.
(c) The art of printing.
Impriming \Im*prim"ing\, n.
A beginning. [Obs.] ``Their springings and imprimings.''
--Sir H. Wotton.
Imprimis \Im*pri"mis\, adv. [L., for in primis among the first,
chiefly; in in + primus first.]
In the first place; first in order.
Imprint \Im*print"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imptrinted}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Imprinting}.] [OE. emprenten, F. empreint, p. p. of
empreindre to imprint, fr. L. imprimere to impres, imprint.
See 1st {In-}, {Print}, and cf. {Impress}.]
1. To impress; to mark by pressure; to indent; to stamp.
And sees his num'rous herds imprint her sands.
--Prior.
2. To stamp or mark, as letters on paper, by means of type,
plates, stamps, or the like; to print the mark (figures,
letters, etc., upon something).
Nature imprints upon whate'er we see, That has a
heart and life in it, ``Be free.'' --Cowper.
3. To fix indelibly or permanently, as in the mind or memory;
to impress.
Ideas of those two different things distinctly
imprinted on his mind. --Locke.
Imprint \Im"print\, n. [Cf. F. empreinte impress, stamp. See
{Imprint}, v. t.]
Whatever is impressed or imprinted; the impress or mark left
by something; specifically, the name of the printer or
publisher (usually) with the time and place of issue, in the
title-page of a book, or on any printed sheet. ``That imprint
of their hands.'' --Buckle.
Imprison \Im*pris"on\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imprisoned}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Imprisoning}.] [OE. enprisonen, OF. enprisoner, F.
emprisonner; pref. en- (L. in) + F. & OF. prison. See
{Prison}.]
1. To put in prison or jail; To arrest and detain in custody;
to confine.
He imprisoned was in chains remediles. --Spenser.
2. To limit, restrain, or confine in any way.
Try to imprison the resistless wind. --Dryden.
Syn: To incarcerate; confine; immure.
Imprisoner \Im*pris"on*er\, n.
One who imprisons.
Imprison ment \Im*pris"on ment\, n. [OE. enprisonment; F.
emprisonnement.]
The act of imprisoning, or the state of being imprisoned;
confinement; restraint.
His sinews waxen weak and raw Through long imprisonment
and hard constraint. --Spenser.
Every confinement of the person is an imprisonment,
whether it be in a common prison, or in a private
house, or even by foreibly detaining one in the public
streets. --Blackstone.
{False imprisonment}. (Law) See under {False}.
Syn: Incarceration; custody; confinement; durance; restraint.
Improbability \Im*prob`a*bil"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Improbabilities}.
[Cf. F. improbabilit['e].]
The quality or state of being improbable; unlikelihood; also,
that which is improbable; an improbable event or result.
Improbable \Im*prob"a*ble\, a. [L. improbabilis; pref. im- not +
probabilis probable: cf. F. improbable. See {Probable}.]
Not probable; unlikely to be true; not to be expected under
the circumstances or in the usual course of events; as, an
improbable story or event.
He . . . sent to Elutherius, then bishop of Rome, an
improbable letter, as some of the contents discover.
--Milton.
-- {Im*prob"a*ble*ness}, n. -- {Im*prob"a*bly}, adv.
Improbate \Im"pro*bate\, v. t. [L. improbatus, p. p. of
improbare to disapprove; pref. im- not + probare to approve.]
To disapprove of; to disallow. [Obs.]
Improbation \Im`pro*ba"tion\, n. [L. improbatio.]
1. The act of disapproving; disapprobation.
2. (Scots Law) The act by which falsehood and forgery are
proved; an action brought for the purpose of having some
instrument declared false or forged. --Bell.
Improbative \Im"pro*ba*tive\, Improbatory \Im"pro*ba`to*ry\, a.
Implying, or tending to, improbation.
Improbity \Im*prob"i*ty\, n. [L. improbitas; pref. im- not +
probitas probity: cf. F. improbit['e].]
Lack of probity; want of integrity or rectitude; dishonesty.
Persons . . . cast out for notorious improbity.
--Hooker.
Improficience \Im`pro*fi"cience\, Improficiency
\Im`pro*fi"cien*cy\, n.
Want of proficiency. [R.] --Bacon.
Improfitable \Im*prof"it*a*ble\, a. [Pref. im- not + profitable:
cf. F. improfitable.]
Unprofitable. [Obs.]
Improgressive \Im`pro*gress"ive\, a.
Not progressive. --De Quincey. -- {Im"pro*gress"ive*ly}, adv.
Improlific \Im`pro*lif"ic\, a. [Pref. im- not + prolific: cf. F.
improlifique.]
Not prolific. [Obs.] --E. Waterhouse.
Improlificate \Im`pro*lif"ic*ate\, v. t. [Pref. im- in +
prolificate.]
To impregnate. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Imprompt \Im*prompt"\, a.
Not ready. [R.] --Sterne.
Impromptu \Im*promp"tu\, adv. or a. [F. impromptu, fr. L. in
promptu in readiness, at hand; in in + promptus visibility,
readiness, from promptus visible, ready. See {Prompt}.]
Offhand; without previous study; extemporaneous; extempore;
as, an impromptu verse.
Impromptu \Im*promp"tu\, n.
1. Something made or done offhand, at the moment, or without
previous study; an extemporaneous composition, address, or
remark.
2. (Mus.) A piece composed or played at first thought; a
composition in the style of an extempore piece.
Improper \Im*prop"er\, a. [F. impropre, L. improprius; pref. im-
not + proprius proper. See {Proper}.]
1. Not proper; not suitable; not fitted to the circumstances,
design, or end; unfit; not becoming; incongruous;
inappropriate; indecent; as, an improper medicine;
improper thought, behavior, language, dress.
Follow'd his enemy king, and did him service,
Improper for a slave. --Shak.
And to their proper operation still, Ascribe all
Good; to their improper, Ill. --Pope.
2. Not peculiar or appropriate to individuals; general;
common. [Obs.]
Not to be adorned with any art but such improper
ones as nature is said to bestow, as singing and
poetry. --J. Fletcher.
3. Not according to facts; inaccurate; erroneous.
{Improper diphthong}. See under {Diphthong}.
{Improper feud}, an original feud, not earned by military
service. --Mozley & W.
{Improper fraction}. See under {Fraction}.
Improper \Im*prop"er\, v. t.
To appropriate; to limit. [Obs.]
He would in like manner improper and inclose the
sunbeams to comfort the rich and not the poor. --Jewel.
Improperation \Im*prop`er*a"tion\, n. [L. improperare,
improperatum, to taunt.]
The act of upbraiding or taunting; a reproach; a taunt.
[Obs.]
Improperatios and terms of scurrility. --Sir T.
Browne
Improperia \Im`pro*pe"ri*a\, n. pl. [L., reproaches.] (Mus.)
A series of antiphons and responses, expressing the sorrowful
remonstrance of our Lord with his people; -- sung on the
morning of the Good Friday in place of the usual daily Mass
of the Roman ritual. --Grove.
Improperly \Im*prop"er*ly\, adv.
In an improper manner; not properly; unsuitably;
unbecomingly.
Improperty \Im*prop"er*ty\, n.
Impropriety. [Obs.]
Impropitious \Im`pro*pi"tious\, a.
Unpropitious; unfavorable. [Obs.] ``Dreams were
impropitious.'' --Sir H. Wotton.
Improportionable \Im`pro*por"tion*a*ble\, a.
Not proportionable. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Improportionate \Im`pro*por"tion*ate\, a.
Not proportionate. [Obs.]
Impropriate \Im*pro"pri*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Impropriated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Impropriating}.] [Pref. im-
in + L. propriatus, p. p. of propriare to appropriate. See
{Appropriate}.]
1. To appropriate to one's self; to assume. [Obs.]
To impropriate the thanks to himself. --Bacon.
2. (Eng. Eccl. Law) To place the profits of (ecclesiastical
property) in the hands of a layman for care and
disbursement.
Impropriate \Im*pro"pri*ate\, v. i.
To become an impropriator. [R.]
Impropriate \Im*pro"pri*ate\, a. (Eng. Eccl. Law)
Put into the hands of a layman; impropriated.
Impropriation \Im*pro`pri*a"tion\, n.
1. The act of impropriating; as, the impropriation of
property or tithes; also, that which is impropriated.
2. (Eng. Eccl. Law)
(a) The act of putting an ecclesiastical benefice in the
hands of a layman, or lay corporation.
(b) A benefice in the hands of a layman, or of a lay
corporation.
Impropriator \Im*pro"pri*a`tor\, n.
One who impropriates; specifically, a layman in possession of
church property.
Impropriatrix \Im*pro`pri*a"trix\, n.; pl. E. {-trixes}, L.
{-trices}.
A female impropriator.
Impropriety \Im`pro*pri"e*ty\, n.; pl. {Improprieties}. [L.
improprietas; cf. F. impropri['e]t['e]. See {Improper}.]
1. The quality of being improper; unfitness or unsuitableness
to character, time place, or circumstances; as,
impropriety of behavior or manners.
2. That which is improper; an unsuitable or improper act, or
an inaccurate use of language.
But every language has likewise its improprieties
and absurdities. --Johnson.
Many gross improprieties, however authorized by
practice, ought to be discarded. --Swift.
Improsperity \Im`pros*per"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. improsp['e]rit['e].]
Want of prosperity. [Obs.]
Improsperous \Im*pros"per*ous\, a. [Pref. im- not + prosperous:
cf. F. improsp[`e]re, L. improsper.]
Not prosperous. [Obs.] --Dryden. -- {Im*pros"per*ous*ly},
adv. [Obs.] -- {Im*pros"per*ous*ness}, n. [Obs.]
Improvability \Im*prov`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being improvable; improvableness.
Improvable \Im*prov"a*ble\, a. [From {Improve}.]
1. Capable of being improved; susceptible of improvement;
admitting of being made better; capable of cultivation, or
of being advanced in good qualities.
Man is accommodated with moral principles,
improvable by the exercise of his faculties. --Sir
M. Hale.
I have a fine spread of improvable lands. --Addison.
2. Capable of being used to advantage; profitable;
serviceable; advantageous.
The essays of weaker heads afford improvable hints
to better. --Sir T.
Browne.
-- {Im*pro"a*ble*ness}, n. -- {Im*prov"a*bly}, adv.
Improve \Im*prove"\, v. t. [Pref. im- not + prove: cf. L.
improbare, F. improuver.]
1. To disprove or make void; to refute. [Obs.]
Neither can any of them make so strong a reason
which another can not improve. --Tyndale.
2. To disapprove; to find fault with; to reprove; to censure;
as, to improve negligence. [Obs.] --Chapman.
When he rehearsed his preachings and his doing unto
the high apostles, they could improve nothing.
--Tyndale.
Improve \Im*prove"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Improved}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Improving}.] [Pref. in- in + prove, in approve. See
{Approve}, {Prove.}]
1. To make better; to increase the value or good qualities
of; to ameliorate by care or cultivation; as, to improve
land. --Donne.
I love not to improve the honor of the living by
impairing that of the dead. --Denham.
2. To use or employ to good purpose; to make productive; to
turn to profitable account; to utilize; as, to improve
one's time; to improve his means. --Shak.
We shall especially honor God by improving
diligently the talents which God hath committed to
us. --Barrow.
A hint that I do not remember to have seen opened
and improved. --Addison.
The court seldom fails to improve the oppotunity.
--Blackstone.
How doth the little busy bee Improve each shining
hour. --I. Watts.
Those moments were diligently improved. --Gibbon.
True policy, as well as good faith, in my opinion,
binds us to improve the occasion. --Washington.
3. To advance or increase by use; to augment or add to; --
said with reference to what is bad. [R.]
We all have, I fear, . . . not a little improved the
wretched inheritance of our ancestors. --Bp.
Porteus.
Syn: To better; meliorate; ameliorate; advance; heighten;
mend; correct; recify; amend; reform.
Improve \Im*prove"\, v. i.
1. To grow better; to advance or make progress in what is
desirable; to make or show improvement; as, to improve in
health.
We take care to improve in our frugality and
diligence. --Atterbury.
2. To advance or progress in bad qualities; to grow worse.
``Domitain improved in cruelty.'' --Milner.
3. To increase; to be enhanced; to rise in value; as, the
price of cotton improves.
{To improve on} or {upon}, to make useful additions or
amendments to, or changes in; to bring nearer to
perfection; as, to improve on the mode of tillage.
Improvement \Im*prove"ment\, n.
1. The act of improving; advancement or growth; promotion in
desirable qualities; progress toward what is better;
melioration; as, the improvement of the mind, of land,
roads, etc.
I look upon your city as the best place of
improvement. --South.
Exercise is the chief source of improvement in all
our faculties. --Blair.
2. The act of making profitable use or applicaton of
anything, or the state of being profitably employed; a
turning to good account; practical application, as of a
doctrine, principle, or theory, stated in a discourse. ``A
good improvement of his reason.'' --S. Clarke.
I shall make some improvement of this doctrine.
--Tillotson.
3. The state of being improved; betterment; advance; also,
that which is improved; as, the new edition is an
improvement on the old.
The parts of Sinon, Camilla, and some few others,
are improvements on the Greek poet. --Addison.
4. Increase; growth; progress; advance.
There is a design of publishing the history of
architecture, with its several improvements and
decays. --Addison.
Those vices which more particularly receive
improvement by prosperity. --South.
5. pl. Valuable additions or betterments, as buildings,
clearings, drains, fences, etc., on premises.
6. (Patent Laws) A useful addition to, or modification of, a
machine, manufacture, or composition. --Kent.
Improver \Im*prov"er\, n.
One who, or that which, improves.
Improvided \Im`pro*vid"ed\, a.
Unforeseen; unexpected; not provided against; unprepared.
[Obs.]
All improvided for dread of death. --E. Hall.
Improvidence \Im*prov"i*dence\, n. [L. improvidentia; OF.
improvidence. Cf. {Imprudence}.]
The quality of being improvident; want of foresight or
thrift.
The improvidence of my neighbor must not make me
inhuman. --L'Estrange.
Improvident \Im*prov"i*dent\, a. [Pref. im- not + provident: cf.
L. improvidus. See {Provident}, and cf. {Imprudent}.]
Not provident; wanting foresight or forethought; not
foreseeing or providing for the future; negligent;
thoughtless; as, an improvident man.
Improvident soldires! had your watch been good, This
sudden mischief never could have fallen. --Shak.
Syn: Inconsiderable; negligent; careless; shiftless;
prodigal; wasteful.
Improvidentially \Im*prov`i*den"tial*ly\, adv.
Improvidently. [R.]
Improvidently \Im*prov"i*dent*ly\, adv.
In a improvident manner. ``Improvidently rash.'' --Drayton.
Improving \Im*prov"ing\, a.
Tending to improve, beneficial; growing better. --
{Im*prov"ing*ly}, adv.
{Improving lease} (Scots Law), an extend lease to induce the
tenant to make improvements on the premises.
Improvisate \Im*prov"i*sate\, a. [See {Improvise}.]
Unpremeditated; impromptu; extempore. [R.]
Improvisate \Im*prov"i*sate\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p.
{Improvisated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Improvisating}.]
To improvise; to extemporize.
Improvisation \Im*prov`i*sa"tion\, n. [Cf. F. improvisation.]
1. The act or art of composing and rendering music, poetry,
and the like, extemporaneously; as, improvisation on the
organ.
2. That which is improvised; an impromptu.
Improvisatize \Im`pro*vis"a*tize\, v. t. & i.
Same as {Improvisate}.
Improvisator \Im*prov"i*sa`tor\, n.
An improviser, or improvvisatore.
Improvisatore \Im`pro*vi`sa*to"re\, n.
See {Improvvisatore}.
Improvisatorial \Im*prov`i*sa*to"ri*al\, Improvisatory
\Im*prov"i*sa*to*ry\, a.
Of or pertaining to improvisation or extemporaneous
composition.
Improvisatrice \Im`pro*vi`sa*tri"ce\, n.
See {Improvvisatrice}.
Improvise \Im`pro*vise"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Improvised}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Improvising}.] [F. improviser, it.
improvvisare, fr. improvviso unprovided, sudden, extempore,
L. improvisus; pref. im- not + provisus foreseen, provided.
See {Proviso}.]
1. To compose, recite, or sing extemporaneously, especially
in verse; to extemporize; also, to play upon an
instrument, or to act, extemporaneously.
2. To bring about, arrange, or make, on a sudden, or without
previous preparation.
Charles attempted to improvise a peace. --Motley.
3. To invent, or provide, offhand, or on the spur of the
moment; as, he improvised a hammer out of a stone.
Improvise \Im`pro*vise"\, v. i.
To produce or render extemporaneous compositions, especially
in verse or in music, without previous preparation; hence, to
do anything offhand.
Improviser \Im`pro*vis"er\, n.
One who improvises.
Improvision \Im`pro*vi"sion\, n. [Pref. im- not + provision.]
Improvidence. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Improviso \Im`pro*vi"so\, a. [L. improvisus unforeseen; cf. It.
improvviso.]
Not prepared or mediated beforehand; extemporaneous. [Obs.]
--Jonhson.
Improvvisatore \Im`prov*vi`sa*to"re\, n.; pl. {Improvvisatori}.
[It. See {Improvise}.]
One who composes and sings or recites rhymes and short poems
extemporaneously. [Written also {improvisatore}.]
Improvvisatrice \Im`prov*vi`sa*tri"ce\, n.; pl.
{Improvvisatrici}. [It. See {Improvise}.]
A female improvvisatore. [Written also {improvisatrice}.]
Imprudence \Im*pru"dence\, n. [L. imprudentia: cf. F.
imprudence. Cf. {Improvidence}.]
The quality or state of being imprudent; want to caution,
circumspection, or a due regard to consequences;
indiscretion; inconsideration; reshness; also, an imprudent
act; as, he was guilty of an imprudence.
His serenity was interrupted, perhaps, by his own
imprudence. --Mickle.
Imprudent \Im*pru"dent\, a. [L. imprudens; pref. im- not +
prudens prudent: cf. F. imprudent. See {Prudent}, and cf.
{Improvident}.]
Not prudent; wanting in prudence or discretion; indiscreet;
injudicious; not attentive to consequence; improper. --
{Im*pru"dent*ly}, adv.
Her majesty took a great dislike at the imprudent
behavior of many of the ministers and readers.
--Strype.
Syn: Indiscreet; injudicious; incautious; ill-advised;
unwise; heedless; careless; rash; negligent.
Impuberal \Im*pu"ber*al\ ([i^]m*p[=u]"b[~e]r*al), a.
Not having arrived at puberty; immature.
In impuberal animals the cerebellum is, in proportion
to the brain proper, greatly less than in adults. --Sir
W. Hamilton.
Impuberty \Im*pu"ber*ty\ (-t[y^]), n.
The condition of not having reached puberty, or the age of
ability to reproduce one's species; want of age at which the
marriage contract can be legally entered into.
Impudence \Im"pu*dence\ ([i^]m"p[-u]*dens), n. [L. impudentia:
cf. F. impudence. See {Impudent}.]
The quality of being impudent; assurance, accompanied with a
disregard of the presence or opinions of others;
shamelessness; forwardness; want of modesty.
Clear truths that their own evidence forces us to
admit, or common experience makes it impudence to deny.
--Locke.
Where pride and impudence (in fashion knit) Usurp the
chair of wit. --B. Jonson.
Syn: Shamelessness; audacity; insolence; effrontery;
sauciness; impertinence; pertness; rudeness.
Usage: {Impudence}, {Effrontery}, {Sauciness}. Impudence
refers more especially to the feelings as manifested
in action. Effrontery applies to some gross and public
exhibition of shamelessness. Sauciness refers to a
sudden pert outbreak of impudence, especially from an
inferior. Impudence is an unblushing kind of
impertinence, and may be manifested in words, tones,
gestures, looks, etc. Effrontery rises still higher,
and shows a total or shameless disregard of duty or
decorum under the circumstances of the case. Sauciness
discovers itself toward particular individuals, in
certain relations; as in the case of servants who are
saucy to their masters, or children who are saucy to
their teachers. See {Impertinent}, and {Insolent}.
Impudency \Im"pu*den*cy\, n.
Impudence. [Obs.] --Burton.
Audacious without impudency. --Shak.
Impudent \Im"pu*dent\, a. [L. impudens, -entis; pref. im- not +
pudens ashamed, modest, p. pr. of pudere to feel shame: cf.
F. impudent.]
Bold, with contempt or disregard; unblushingly forward;
impertinent; wanting modesty; shameless; saucy.
More than impudent sauciness. --Shak.
When we behold an angel, not to fear Is to be impudent.
--Dryden.
Syn: Shameless; audacious; brazen; bold-faced; pert;
immodest; rude; saucy; impertinent; insolent.
Impudently \Im"pu*dent*ly\, adv.
In an impudent manner; with unbecoming assurance;
shamelessly.
At once assail With open mouths, and impudently rail.
--Sandys.
Impudicity \Im`pu*dic"i*ty\, n. [L. impudicus immodest; im- not
+ pudicus shamefaced, modest: cf. F. impudicit['e], L.
impudicitia.]
Immodesty. --Sheldon.
Impugn \Im*pugn"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impugned}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Impugning}.] [OE. impugnen, F. impugner, fr. L.
impugnare; in on, against + pugnare to flight. See
{Pugnacious}.]
To attack by words or arguments; to contradict; to assail; to
call in question; to make insinuations against; to gainsay;
to oppose.
The truth hereof I will net rashly pugn, or overboldly
affirm. --Peacham.
Impugnable \Im*pugn"a*ble\, a.
Capable of being impugned; that may be gainsaid.
Impugnation \Im`pug*na"tion\, n. [L. impugnatio: cf. OF.
impugnation.]
Act of impugning; opposition; attack. [Obs.]
A perpetual impugnation and self-conflict. --Bp. Hall.
Impugner \Im*pugn"er\, n.
One who impugns.
Impugnment \Im*pugn"ment\, n.
The act of impugning, or the state of being impugned. --Ed.
Rev.
Impuissance \Im*pu"is*sance\, n. [Cf. F. impuissance.]
Lack of power; inability. --Bacon.
Their own impuissance and weakness. --Holland.
Impuissant \Im*pu"is*sant\, a. [F., fr. pref. im- not +
puissant. See {Puissant}.]
Weak; impotent; feeble.
Impulse \Im"pulse\, n. [L. impulsus, fr. impellere. See
{Impel}.]
1. The act of impelling, or driving onward with sudden force;
impulsion; especially, force so communicated as to
produced motion suddenly, or immediately.
All spontaneous animal motion is performed by
mechanical impulse. --S. Clarke.
2. The effect of an impelling force; motion produced by a
sudden or momentary force.
3. (Mech.) The action of a force during a very small interval
of time; the effect of such action; as, the impulse of a
sudden blow upon a hard elastic body.
4. A mental force which simply and directly urges to action;
hasty inclination; sudden motive; momentary or transient
influence of appetite or passion; propension; incitement;
as, a man of good impulses; passion often gives a violent
impulse to the will.
These were my natural impulses for the undertaking.
--Dryden.
Syn: Force; incentive; influence; motive; feeling;
incitement; instigation.
Impulse \Im*pulse"\, v. t. [See {Impel}.]
To impel; to incite. [Obs.] --Pope.
Impulsion \Im*pul"sion\, n. [L. impulsio: cf. F. impulsion. See
{Impel}.]
1. The act of impelling or driving onward, or the state of
being impelled; the sudden or momentary agency of a body
in motion on another body; also, the impelling force, or
impulse. ``The impulsion of the air.'' --Bacon.
2. Influence acting unexpectedly or temporarily on the mind;
sudden motive or influence; impulse. ``The impulsion of
conscience.'' --Clarendon. ``Divine impulsion prompting.''
--Milton.
Impulsive \Im*pul"sive\, a. [Cf. F. impulsif.]
1. Having the power of driving or impelling; giving an
impulse; moving; impellent.
Poor men! poor papers! We and they Do some impulsive
force obey. --Prior.
2. Actuated by impulse or by transient feelings.
My heart, impulsive and wayward. --Longfellow.
3. (Mech.) Acting momentarily, or by impulse; not continuous;
-- said of forces.
Impulsive \Im*pul"sive\, n.
That which impels or gives an impulse; an impelling agent.
--Sir W. Wotton.
Impulsively \Im*pul"sive*ly\, adv.
In an impulsive manner.
Impulsiveness \Im*pul"sive*ness\, n.
The quality of being impulsive.
Impulsor \Im*pul"sor\, n. [L.]
One who, or that which, impels; an inciter. [R.] --Sir T.
Browne.
Impunctate \Im*punc"tate\, a.
Not punctuate or dotted.
Impunctual \Im*punc"tu*al\, a. [Pref. im- not + punctual: cf. F.
imponctuel.]
Not punctual. [R.]
Impunctuality \Im*punc`tu*al"i*ty\, n.
Neglect of, or failure in, punctuality. [R.] --A. Hamilton.
Impune \Im*pune"\, a. [L. impunis.]
Unpunished. [R.]
Impunibly \Im*pu"ni*bly\, adv.
Without punishment; with impunity. [Obs.] --J. Ellis.
Impunity \Im*pu"ni*ty\, n. [L. impunitas, fr. impunis without
punishment; pref. im- not + poena punishment: cf. F.
impunit['e]. See {Pain}.]
Exemption or freedom from punishment, harm, or loss.
Heaven, though slow to wrath, Is never with impunity
defied. --Cowper.
The impunity and also the recompense. --Holland.
Impuration \Im`pu*ra"tion\, n.
Defilement; obscuration. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Impure \Im*pure"\, a. [L. impurus; pref. im- not + purus pure:
cf. F. impur. See {Pure}.]
1. Not pure; not clean; dirty; foul; filthy; containing
something which is unclean or unwholesome; mixed or
impregnated extraneous substances; adulterated; as, impure
water or air; impure drugs, food, etc.
2. Defiled by sin or guilt; unholy; unhallowed; -- said of
persons or things.
3. Unchaste; lewd; unclean; obscene; as, impure language or
ideas. ``Impure desires.'' --Cowper.
4. (Script.) Not purified according to the ceremonial law of
Moses; unclean.
5. (Language) Not accurate; not idiomatic; as, impure Latin;
an impure style.
Impure \Im*pure"\, v. t.
To defile; to pollute. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Impurely \Im*pure"ly\, adv.
In an impure manner.
Impureness \Im*pure"ness\, n.
The quality or condition of being impure; impurity. --Milton.
Impurity \Im*pu"ri*ty\, n.; pl. Impurities . [L. impuritas: cf.
F. impuret['e].]
1. The condition or quality of being impure in any sense;
defilement; foulness; adulteration.
Profaneness, impurity, or scandal, is not wit.
--Buckminster.
2. That which is, or which renders anything, impure; foul
matter, action, language, etc.; a foreign ingredient.
Foul impurities reigned among the monkish clergy.
--Atterbury.
3. (Script.) Want of ceremonial purity; defilement.
Impurple \Im*pur"ple\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Impurpled}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Impurpling}.] [Pref. im- in + purple. Cf.
{Empurple}.]
To color or tinge with purple; to make red or reddish; to
purple; as, a field impurpled with blood.
Impurpled with celestial roses, smiled. --Milton.
The silken fleece impurpled for the loom. --Pope.
Imputability \Im*put`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being imputable; imputableness.
Imputable \Im*put"a*ble\, a. [Cf. F. imputable.]
1. That may be imputed; capable of being imputed; chargeable;
ascribable; attributable; referable.
A prince whose political vices, at least, were
imputable to mental incapacity. --Prescott.
2. Accusable; culpable. [R.]
The fault lies at his door, and she is no wise
imputable. --Ayliffe.
Imputableness \Im*put"a*ble*ness\, n.
Quality of being imputable.
Imputably \Im*put"a*bly\, adv.
By imputation.
Imputation \Im`pu*ta"tion\, [L. imputatio an account, a charge:
cf. F. imputation.]
1. The act of imputing or charging; attribution; ascription;
also, anything imputed or charged.
Shylock. Antonio is a good man. Bassanio. Have you
heard any imputation to the contrary? --Shak.
If I had a suit to Master Shallow, I would humor his
men with the imputation of being near their master.
--Shak.
2. Charge or attribution of evil; censure; reproach;
insinuation.
Let us be careful to guard ourselves against these
groundless imputation of our enemies. --Addison.
3. (Theol.) A setting of something to the account of; the
attribution of personal guilt or personal righteousness of
another; as, the imputation of the sin of Adam, or the
righteousness of Christ.
4. Opinion; intimation; hint.
Imputative \Im*put"a*tive\, a. [L. imputativus: cf. F.
imputatif.]
Transferred by imputation; that may be imputed. --
{Im*put"a*tive*ly}, adv.
Actual righteousness as well as imputative. --Bp.
Warburton.
Impute \Im*pute"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Imputed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Imputing}.] [F. imputer, L. imputare to bring into the
reckoning, charge, impute; pref. im- in + putare to reckon,
think. See {Putative}.]
1. To charge; to ascribe; to attribute; to set to the account
of; to charge to one as the author, responsible
originator, or possessor; -- generally in a bad sense.
Nor you, ye proud, impute to these the fault, If
memory o'er their tomb no trophies raise. --Gray.
One vice of a darker shade was imputed to him --
envy. --Macaulay.
2. (Theol.) To adjudge as one's own (the sin or
righteousness) of another; as, the righteousness of Christ
is imputed to us.
It was imputed to him for righteousness. --Rom. iv.
22.
They merit Imputed shall absolve them who renounce
Their own, both righteous and unrighteous deeds.
--Milton.
3. To take account of; to consider; to regard. [R.]
If we impute this last humiliation as the cause of
his death. --Gibbon.
Syn: To ascribe; attribute; charge; reckon; consider; imply;
insinuate; refer. See {Ascribe}.
Imputer \Im*put"er\, n.
One who imputes.
Imputrescible \Im`pu*tres"ci*ble\, a. [Pref. im- + putrescible:
cf. F. imputrescible.]
Not putrescible.
Imrigh \Im"righ\, n. [Scot.; Gael. ?un-bhrigh chicken soup.]
A peculiar strong soup or broth, made in Scotland. [Written
also {imrich}.]
In- \In-\ [See {In}, prep. Cf. {Em-}, {En-}.]
A prefix from Eng. prep. in, also from Lat. prep. in, meaning
in, into, on, among; as, inbred, inborn, inroad; incline,
inject, intrude. In words from the Latin, in- regularly
becomes il- before l, ir- before r, and im- before a labial;
as, illusion, irruption, imblue, immigrate, impart. In- is
sometimes used with an simple intensive force.
In- \In-\ [L. in-; akin to E. un-. See {Un-}.]
An inseparable prefix, or particle, meaning not, non-, un-
as, inactive, incapable, inapt. In- regularly becomes il-
before l, ir- before r, and im- before a labial.
-in \-in\
A suffix. See the Note under {-ine}.
In \In\, prep. [AS. in; akin to D. & G. in, Icel. [=i], Sw. &
Dan. i, OIr. & L. in, Gr. 'en. [root]197. Cf. 1st {In-},
{Inn}.]
The specific signification of in is situation or place with
respect to surrounding, environment, encompassment, etc. It
is used with verbs signifying being, resting, or moving
within limits, or within circumstances or conditions of any
kind conceived of as limiting, confining, or investing,
either wholly or in part. In its different applications, it
approaches some of the meanings of, and sometimes is
interchangeable with, within, into, on, at, of, and among. It
is used:
1. With reference to space or place; as, he lives in Boston;
he traveled in Italy; castles in the air.
The babe lying in a manger. --Luke ii. 16.
Thy sun sets weeping in the lowly west. --Shak.
Situated in the forty-first degree of latitude.
--Gibbon.
Matter for censure in every page. --Macaulay.
2. With reference to circumstances or conditions; as, he is
in difficulties; she stood in a blaze of light. ``Fettered
in amorous chains.'' --Shak.
Wrapt in sweet sounds, as in bright veils.
--Shelley.
3. With reference to a whole which includes or comprises the
part spoken of; as, the first in his family; the first
regiment in the army.
Nine in ten of those who enter the ministry.
--Swift.
4. With reference to physical surrounding, personal states,
etc., abstractly denoted; as, I am in doubt; the room is
in darkness; to live in fear.
When shall we three meet again, In thunder,
lightning, or in rain? --Shak.
5. With reference to character, reach, scope, or influence
considered as establishing a limitation; as, to be in
one's favor. ``In sight of God's high throne.'' --Milton.
Sounds inharmonious in themselves, and harsh.
--Cowper.
6. With reference to movement or tendency toward a certain
limit or environment; -- sometimes equivalent to into; as,
to put seed in the ground; to fall in love; to end in
death; to put our trust in God.
He would not plunge his brother in despair.
--Addison.
She had no jewels to deposit in their caskets.
--Fielding.
7. With reference to a limit of time; as, in an hour; it
happened in the last century; in all my life.
{In as much as}, or {Inasmuch as}, in the degree that; in
like manner as; in consideration that; because that;
since. See {Synonym} of {Because}, and cf. {For as much
as}, under {For}, prep.
{In that}, because; for the reason that. ``Some things they
do in that they are men . . .; some things in that they
are men misled and blinded with error.'' --Hooker.
{In the name of}, in behalf of; on the part of; by authority;
as, it was done in the name of the people; -- often used
in invocation, swearing, praying, and the like.
{To be in for it}.
(a) To be in favor of a thing; to be committed to a
course.
(b) To be unable to escape from a danger, penalty, etc.
[Colloq.]
{To be} (or {keep}) {in with}.
(a) To be close or near; as, to keep a ship in with the
land.
(b) To be on terms of friendship, familiarity, or intimacy
with; to secure and retain the favor of. [Colloq.]
Syn: Into; within; on; at. See {At}.
In \In\, adv.
1. Not out; within; inside. In, the preposition, becomes an
adverb by omission of its object, leaving it as the
representative of an adverbial phrase, the context
indicating what the omitted object is; as, he takes in the
situation (i. e., he comprehends it in his mind); the
Republicans were in (i. e., in office); in at one ear and
out at the other (i. e., in or into the head); his side
was in (i. e., in the turn at the bat); he came in (i. e.,
into the house).
Their vacation . . . falls in so pat with ours.
--Lamb.
Note: The sails of a vessel are said, in nautical language,
to be in when they are furled, or when stowed. In
certain cases in has an adjectival sense; as, the in
train (i. e., the incoming train); compare up grade,
down grade, undertow, afterthought, etc.
2. (Law) With privilege or possession; -- used to denote a
holding, possession, or seisin; as, in by descent; in by
purchase; in of the seisin of her husband. --Burrill.
{In and in breeding}. See under {Breeding}.
{In and out} (Naut.), through and through; -- said of a
through bolt in a ship's side. --Knight.
{To be in}, to be at home; as, Mrs. A. is in.
{To come in}. See under {Come}.
In \In\, n.
Note: [Usually in the plural.]
1. One who is in office; -- the opposite of {out}.
2. A re["e]ntrant angle; a nook or corner.
{Ins and outs}, nooks and corners; twists and turns.
All the ins and outs of this neighborhood. --D. Jerrold.
In \In\, v. t.
To inclose; to take in; to harvest. [Obs.]
He that ears my land spares my team and gives me leave
to in the crop. --Shak.
Inability \In`a*bil"i*ty\, n. [Pref. in- not + ability: cf. F.
inhabilet['e]. See {Able}, and cf. {Unable}.]
The quality or state of being unable; lack of ability; want
of sufficient power, strength, resources, or capacity.
It is not from an inability to discover what they ought
to do, that men err in practice. --Blair.
Syn: Impotence; incapacity; incompetence; weakness;
powerlessness; incapability. See {Disability}.
Inable \In*a"ble\, v. t.
See {Enable}.
Inablement \In*a"ble*ment\, n.
See {Enablement}. [Obs.]
Inabstinence \In*ab"sti*nence\, n. [Pref. in- not + abstinence:
cf. F. inabstinence.]
Want of abstinence; indulgence. [Obs.] ``The inabstinence of
Eve.'' --Milton.
Inabstracted \In`ab*stract"ed\, a.
Not abstracted.
Inabusively \In`a*bu"sive*ly\, adv.
Without abuse.
Inaccessibility \In`ac*cess`i*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
inaccessibilit['e].]
The quality or state of being inaccessible; inaccessibleness.
``The inaccessibility of the precipice.'' --Bp. Butler.
Inaccessible \In`ac*cess"i*ble\, a. [L. inaccessibilis: cf. F.
inaccessible. See {In-} not, and {Accessible}.]
Not accessible; not to be reached, obtained, or approached;
as, an inaccessible rock, fortress, document, prince, etc. --
{In`ac*cess"i*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`ac*cess"i*bly}, adv.
Inaccordant \In`ac*cord"ant\, a.
Not accordant; discordant.
Inaccuracy \In*ac"cu*ra*cy\, n.; pl. {Inaccuracies}.
1. The quality of being inaccurate; want of accuracy or
exactness.
2. That which is inaccurate or incorrect; mistake; fault;
defect; error; as, in inaccuracy in speech, copying,
calculation, etc.
Inaccurate \In*ac"cu*rate\, a.
Not accurate; not according to truth; inexact; incorrect;
erroneous; as, in inaccurate man, narration, copy, judgment,
calculation, etc.
The expression is plainly inaccurate. --Bp. Hurd.
Syn: Inexact; incorrect; erroneous; faulty; imperfect;
incomplete; defective.
Inaccurately \In*ac"cu*rate*ly\, adv.
In an inaccurate manner; incorrectly; inexactly.
Inacquaintance \In`ac*quaint"ance\, a.
Want of acquaintance. --Good.
Inacquiescent \In*ac`qui*es"cent\, a.
Not acquiescent or acquiescing.
Inaction \In*ac"tion\, n. [Pref. in. not + action: cf.
inaction.]
Want of action or activity; forbearance from labor; idleness;
rest; inertness. --Berkeley.
Inactive \In*ac"tive\, a. [Pref. in- not + active: cf. F.
inactif.]
1. Not active; having no power to move; that does not or can
not produce results; inert; as, matter is, of itself,
inactive.
2. Not disposed to action or effort; not diligent or
industrious; not busy; idle; as, an inactive officer.
3. (Chem. & Opt.) Not active; inert; esp., not exhibiting any
action or activity on polarized light; optically neutral;
-- said of isomeric forms of certain substances, in
distinction from other forms which are optically active;
as, racemic acid is an inactive tartaric acid.
Syn: Inert; dull; sluggish; idle; indolent; slothful; lazy.
See {Inert}.
Inactively \In*ac"tive*ly\, adv.
In an inactive manner. --Locke.
Inactivity \In`ac*tiv"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. inactivit['e].]
1. The state or quality of being inactive; inertness; as, the
inactivity of matter.
2. Idleness; habitual indisposition to action or exertion;
want of energy; sluggishness.
The gloomy inactivity of despair. --Cook.
Inactose \In*ac"tose\, n. (Chem.)
A variety of sugar, found in certain plants. It is optically
inactive.
Inactuate \In*ac"tu*ate\, v. t.
To put in action. [Obs.]
Inactuation \In*ac`tu*a"tion\, n.
Operation. [Obs.]
Inadaptation \In*ad`ap*ta"tion\, n.
Want of adaptation; unsuitableness.
Inadequacy \In*ad"e*qua*cy\, n. [From {Inadequate}.]
The quality or state of being inadequate or insufficient;
defectiveness; insufficiency; inadequateness.
The inadequacy and consequent inefficacy of the alleged
causes. --Dr. T.
Dwight.
Inadequate \In*ad"e*quate\, a. [Pref. in- not + adequate: cf. F.
inad['e]quat.]
Not adequate; unequal to the purpose; insufficient;
deficient; as, inadequate resources, power, conceptions,
representations, etc. --Dryden. -- {In*ad"e*quate*ly}, adv.
-- {In*ad"e*quate*ness}, n.
Inadequation \In*ad`e*qua"tion\, n.
Want of exact correspondence. [Obs.] --Puller.
Inadherent \In`ad*her"ent\, a.
1. Not adhering.
2. (Bot.) Free; not connected with the other organs.
Inadhesion \In`ad*he"sion\, n.
Want of adhesion.
Inadmissibility \In`ad*mis`si*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
inadmissibilit['e].]
The state or quality of being inadmissible, or not to be
received.
Inadmissible \In`ad*mis"si*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + admissible:
cf. F. inadmissible.]
Not admissible; not proper to be admitted, allowed, or
received; as, inadmissible testimony; an inadmissible
proposition, or explanation. -- {In`ad*mis"si*bly}, adv.
Inadvertence \In`ad*vert"ence\; pl. {-ces}, Inadvertency
\In`ad*vert"en*cy\; pl. {-cies}, n. [Cf. F. inadvertance.]
1. The quality of being inadvertent; lack of heedfulness or
attentiveness; inattention; negligence; as, many mistakes
proceed from inadvertence.
Inadvertency, or want of attendance to the sense and
intention of our prayers. --Jer. Taylor.
2. An effect of inattention; a result of carelessness; an
oversight, mistake, or fault from negligence.
The productions of a great genius, with many lapses
an inadvertencies, are infinitely preferable to
works of an inferior kind of author which are
scrupulously exact. --Addison.
Syn: Inattention; heedlessness; carelessness; negligence;
thoughtlessness. See {Inattention}.
Inadvertent \In`ad*vert"ent\, a. [Cf. F. inadvertant. See 2d
{In-}, and {Advert}.]
Not turning the mind to a matter; heedless; careless;
negligent; inattentive.
An inadvertent step may crush the snail That crawls at
evening in the public path. --Cowper.
-- {In`ad*vert"ent*ly}, adv.
Inadvisable \In`ad*vis"a*ble\, a.
Not advisable. -- {In`ad*vis"a*ble*ness}, n.
Inaffability \In*af`fa*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. inaffabilit['e].]
Want of affability or sociability; reticence.
Inaffable \In*af"fa*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + affable.]
Not affable; reserved in social intercourse.
Inaffectation \In*af`fec*ta"tion\, n. [Pref. in- not +
affectation: cf. F. inaffectation.]
Freedom from affectation; naturalness. [R.]
Inaffected \In`af*fect"ed\, a.
Unaffected. [Obs.] -- {In`af*fect"ed*ly}, adv. [Obs.]
Inaidable \In*aid"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being assisted; helpless. [R.] --Shak.
Inalienability \In*al`ien*a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being inalienable.
Inalienable \In*al"ien*a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + alienable:
cf. F. inali['e]nable.]
Incapable of being alienated, surrendered, or transferred to
another; not alienable; as, in inalienable birthright.
Inalienableness \In*al"ien*a*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being inalienable; inalienability.
Inalienably \In*al"ien*a*bly\, adv.
In a manner that forbids alienation; as, rights inalienably
vested.
Inalimental \In*al`i*men"tal\, a.
Affording no aliment or nourishment. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Inalterability \In*al`ter*a*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
inalt['e]rabilit['e].]
The quality of being unalterable or unchangeable; permanence.
Inalterable \In*al"ter*a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + alterable:
cf. F. inalt['e]rable.]
Not alterable; incapable of being altered or changed;
unalterable. -- {In*al"ter*a*ble*ness}, n. --
{In*al"ter*a*bly}, adv.
Inamiable \In*a"mi*a*ble\, a.
Unamiable. [Obs.] -- {In*a"mi*a*ble*ness}, n. [Obs.]
Inamissible \In`a*mis"si*ble\, a. [L. inamissibilis: cf. F.
inamissible.]
Incapable of being lost. [R.] --Hammond. --
{In`a*mis"si*ble*ness}, n. [R.]
Inamorata \In*a`mo*ra"ta\, n. [It. innamorata, fem., innamorato,
masc., p. p. of innamorare to inspire with love. See
{Enamor}.]
A woman in love; a mistress. ``The fair inamorata.''
--Sherburne.
Inamorate \In*am"o*rate\, a.
Enamored. --Chapman. -- {In*am"o*rate*ly}, adv. [R.]
Inamorato \In*a`mo*ra"to\, n.; pl. {Inamoratos}. [See
{Inamorata}.]
A male lover.
Inamovable \In`a*mov"a*ble\, a.
Not amovable or removable. [R.] --Palgrave.
In-and-in \In"-and-in"\, n.
An old game played with four dice. In signified a doublet, or
two dice alike; in-and-in, either two doubles, or the four
dice alike.
In and an \In and an\, a. & adv.
Applied to breeding from a male and female of the same
parentage. See under {Breeding}.
Inane \In*ane"\, a. [L. inanis.]
Without contents; empty; void of sense or intelligence;
purposeless; pointless; characterless; useless. ``Vague and
inane instincts.'' --I. Taylor. -- {In*ane"ly}, adv.
Inane \In*ane"\, n.
That which is void or empty. [R.]
The undistinguishable inane of infinite space. --Locke.
Inangular \In*an"gu*lar\, a.
Not angular. [Obs.]
Inaniloquent \In`a*nil"o*quent\, Inaniloquous
\In`a*nil"o*quous\, a. [L. inanis empty + loqui to speak.]
Given to talking inanely; loquacious; garrulous. [R.]
Inanimate \In*an"i*mate\, v. t. [Pref. in- in (or intensively) +
animate.]
To animate. [Obs.] --Donne.
Inanimate \In*an"i*mate\, a. [L. inanimatus; pref. in- not +
animatus animate.]
Not animate; destitute of life or spirit; lifeless; dead;
inactive; dull; as, stones and earth are inanimate
substances.
Grieving, if aught inanimate e'er grieves. --Byron.
Syn: Lifeless; dead; inert; inactive; dull; soulless;
spiritless. See {Lifeless}.
Inanimated \In*an"i*ma`ted\, a.
Destitute of life; lacking animation; unanimated. --Pope.
Inanimateness \In*an"i*mate*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being inanimate.
The deadness and inanimateness of the subject. --W.
Montagu.
Inanimation \In*an`i*ma"tion\, n. [See 2d {Inanimate}.]
Want of animation; lifeless; dullness.
Inanimation \In*an`i*ma"tion\, n. [See 1st {Inanimate}.]
Infusion of life or vigor; animation; inspiration. [Obs.]
The inanimation of Christ living and breathing within
us. --Bp. Hall.
Inanitiate \In`a*ni"ti*ate\, v. t.
To produce inanition in; to exhaust for want of nourishment.
[R.]
Inanitiation \In`a*ni`ti*a"tion\, n.
Inanition. [R.]
Inanition \In`a*ni"tion\, n. [F. inanition, L. inanitio
emptiness, fr. inanire to empty, fr. inanis empty. Cf.
{Inane}.]
The condition of being inane; emptiness; want of fullness, as
in the vessels of the body; hence, specifically, exhaustion
from want of food, either from partial or complete
starvation, or from a disorder of the digestive apparatus,
producing the same result.
Feeble from inanition, inert from weariness. --Landor.
Repletion and inanition may both do harm in two
contrary extremes. --Burton.
Inanity \In*an"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Inanities}. [L. inanitas, fr.
inanis empty: cf. F. inanit['e]. See {Inane}.]
1. Inanition; void space; vacuity; emptiness.
2. Want of seriousness; aimlessness; frivolity.
3. An inane, useless thing or pursuit; a vanity; a silly
object; -- chiefly in pl.; as, the inanities of the world.
Inantherate \In*an"ther*ate\, a. (Bot.)
Not bearing anthers; -- said of sterile stamens.
In antis \In an"tis\ [L.] (Arch.)
Between ant[ae]; -- said of a portico in classical style,
where columns are set between two ant[ae], forming the angles
of the building. See {Anta}.
Inapathy \In*ap"a*thy\, n.
Sensibility; feeling; -- opposed to {apathy}. [R.]
Inappealable \In`ap*peal"a*ble\, a.
Not admitting of appeal; not appealable. --Coleridge.
Inappeasable \In`ap*peas"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being appeased or satisfied; unappeasable.
Inappellability \In`ap*pel`la*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being inappellable; finality.
The inappellability of the councils. --Coleridge.
Inappellable \In`ap*pel"la*ble\, a.
Inappealable; final.
Inappetence \In*ap"pe*tence\, Inappetency \In*ap"pe*ten*cy\, n.
[Pref. in- not + appetence: cf. F. inapp['e]tence.]
Want of appetency; want of desire.
Inapplicability \In*ap`pli*ca*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
inapplicabilit['e].]
The quality of being inapplicable; unfitness;
inapplicableness.
Inapplicable \In*ap"pli*ca*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
applicable.]
Not applicable; incapable of being applied; not adapted; not
suitable; as, the argument is inapplicable to the case. --J.
S. Mill.
Syn: Unsuitable; unsuited; unadapted; inappropriate;
inapposite; irrelevant. -- {In*ap"pli*ca*ble*ness}, n.
-- {In*ap"pli*ca*bly}, adv.
Inapplication \In*ap`pli*ca"tion\, n. [Pref. in- not +
application: cf. F. inapplication.]
Want of application, attention, or diligence; negligence;
indolence.
Inapposite \In*ap"po*site\, a.
Not apposite; not fit or suitable; not pertinent. --
{In*ap"po*site*ly}, adv.
Inappreciable \In`ap*pre"ci*a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
appreciable: cf. F. inappr['e]ciable.]
Not appreciable; too small to be perceived; incapable of
being duly valued or estimated. --Hallam.
Inappreciation \In`ap*pre"ci*a"tion\, n.
Want of appreciation.
Inapprehensible \In*ap`pre*hen"si*ble\, a. [L.
inapprehensibilis: cf. F. inappr['e]hensible.]
Not apprehensible; unintelligible; inconceivable. --Milton.
Inapprehension \In*ap`pre*hen"sion\, n.
Want of apprehension.
Inapprehensive \In*ap`pre*hen"sive\, a.
Not apprehensive; regardless; unconcerned. --Jer. Taylor.
Inapproachable \In`ap*proach"a*ble\, a.
Not approachable; unapproachable; inaccessible; unequaled. --
{In`ap*proach"a*bly}, adv.
Inappropriate \In`ap*pro"pri*ate\, a.
Not instrument (to); not appropriate; unbecoming; unsuitable;
not specially fitted; -- followed by to or for. --
{In`ap*pro"pri*ate*ly}, adv. -- {In`ap*pro"pri*ate*ness}, n.
Inapt \In*apt"\, a. [Pref. in- not + apt: cf. F. inapte. Cf.
{Inept}.]
Unapt; not apt; unsuitable; inept. -- {In*apt"ly}, adv. --
{In*apt"ness}, n.
Inaptitude \In*apt"i*tude\, n. [In- + aptitude: cf. F.
inaptitude. Cf. {Ineptitude}.]
Want of aptitude.
Inaquate \In*a"quate\, a. [L. inaquatus, p. p. of inaquare to
make into water; pref. in- in + aqua water.]
Embodied in, or changed into, water. [Obs.] --Cranmer.
Inaquation \In`a*qua"tion\, n.
The state of being inaquate. [Obs.] --Bp. Gardiner.
Inarable \In*ar"a*ble\, a.
Not arable. [R.]
Inarch \In*arch"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inarched}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inarching}.]
To graft by uniting, as a scion, to a stock, without
separating either from its root before the union is complete;
-- also called to {graft by approach}. --P. Miler.
Inarching \In*arch"ing\, n.
A method of ingrafting. See {Inarch}.
Inarticulate \In`ar*tic"u*late\, a. [L. inarticulatus; pref. in-
not + articulatus articulate.]
1. Not uttered with articulation or intelligible
distinctness, as speech or words.
Music which is inarticulate poesy. --Dryden.
2. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) Not jointed or articulated; having no distinct body
segments; as, an inarticulate worm.
(b) Without a hinge; -- said of an order ({Inarticulata}
or {Ecardines}) of brachiopods.
3. Incapable of articulating. [R.]
The poor earl, who is inarticulate with palsy.
--Walpole.
Inarticulated \In`ar*tic"u*la`ted\, a.
Not articulated; not jointed or connected by a joint.
Inarticulately \In`ar*tic"u*late*ly\, adv.
In an inarticulate manner. --Hammond.
Inarticulateness \In`ar*tic"u*late*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being inarticulate.
Inarticulation \In`ar*tic`u*la"tion\, n. [Cf. F.
inarticulation.]
Inarticulateness. --Chesterfield.
Inartificial \In*ar`ti*fi"cial\, a. [Pref. in- not + artificial:
cf. F. inartificiel.]
Not artificial; not made or elaborated by art; natural;
simple; artless; as, an inartificial argument; an
inartificial character. -- {In*ar`ti*fi"cial*ly}, adv. --
{In*ar`ti*fi"cial*ness}, n.
Inasmuch \In`as*much"\, adv. [In + as + much.]
In like degree; in like manner; seeing that; considering
that; since; -- followed by as. See {In as much as}, under
{In}, prep.
Inasmuch as ye did it not to one of the least of these,
ye did it not to me. --Matt. xxv.
45.
Syn: Because; since; for; as. See {Because}.
Inattention \In`at*ten"tion\, n. [Pref. in- not + attention: cf.
F. inattention.]
Want of attention, or failure to pay attention; disregard;
heedlessness; neglect.
Novel lays attract our ravished ears; But old, the mind
inattention hears. --Pope.
Syn: Inadvertence; heedlessness; negligence; carelessness;
disregard; remissness; thoughtlessness; neglect.
Usage: {Inattention}, {Inadvertence}. We miss seeing a thing
through inadvertence when do not happen to look at it;
through inattention when we give no heed to it, though
directly before us. The latter is therefore the worse.
Inadvertence may be an involuntary accident;
inattention is culpable neglect. A versatile mind is
often inadvertent; a careless or stupid one is
inattentive.
Inattentive \In`at*ten"tive\, a. [Cf. F. inattentif.]
Not attentive; not fixing the mind on an object; heedless;
careless; negligent; regardless; as, an inattentive spectator
or hearer; an inattentive habit. --I. Watts.
Syn: Careless; heedless; regardless; thoughtless; negligent;
remiss; inadvertent. -- {In`at*ten"tive*ly}, adv. --
{In`at*ten"tive*ness}, n.
Inaudibility \In*au`di*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being inaudible; inaudibleness.
Inaudible \In*au"di*ble\, a. [L. inaudibilis; pref. in- not +
audire to hear: cf. F. unaudible. See {In-} not, and
{Audible}.]
Not audible; incapable of being heard; silent. --
{In*au"di*ble*ness}, n. -- {In*au"di*bly}, adv.
Inaugur \In*au"gur\, v. t. [Cf. F. inaugurer. See {Inaugurate}.]
To inaugurate. [Obs.] --Latimer.
Inaugural \In*au"gu*ral\, a. [Cf. F. inaugural.]
Pertaining to, or performed or pronounced at, an
inauguration; as, an inaugural address; the inaugural
exercises.
Inaugural \In*au"gu*ral\, n.
An inaugural address. [U.S.]
Inaugurate \In*au"gu*rate\, a. [L. inauguratus, p. p. of
inaugurare to take omens from the flight of birds (before
entering upon any important undertaking); hence, to
consecrate, inaugurate, or install, with such divination;
pref. in- in + augurare, augurari, to augur. See {Augur}.]
Invested with office; inaugurated. --Drayton.
Inaugurate \In*au"gu*rate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inaugurated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Inaugurating}.]
1. To introduce or induct into an office with suitable
ceremonies or solemnities; to invest with power or
authority in a formal manner; to install; as, to
inaugurate a president; to inaugurate a king. --Milton.
2. To cause to begin, esp. with formality or solemn ceremony;
hence, to set in motion, action, or progress; to initiate;
-- used especially of something of dignity or worth or
public concern; as, to inaugurate a new era of things, new
methods, etc.
As if kings did closes remarkable days to inaugurate
their favors. --Sir H.
Wotton.
3. To celebrate the completion of, or the first public use
of; to dedicate, as a statue. [Colloq.]
4. To begin with good omens. [Obs.] --Sir H. Wotton.
Inauguration \In*au`gu*ra"tion\, n. [L. inauguratio a beginning:
cf. F. inauguration.]
1. The act of inuagurating, or inducting into office with
solemnity; investiture by appropriate ceremonies.
At his regal inauguration, his old father resigned
the kingdom to him. --Sir T.
Browne.
2. The formal beginning or initiation of any movement, course
of action, etc.; as, the inauguration of a new system, a
new condition, etc.
Inaugurator \In*au"gu*ra`tor\, n.
One who inaugurates.
Inauguratory \In*au"gu*ra*to*ry\, a.
Suitable for, or pertaining to, inauguration. --Johnson.
Inaurate \In*au"rate\, a. [L. inauratus, p. p. inaurare to gild;
pref. in- in + aurum gold.]
Covered with gold; gilded.
Inaurate \In*au"rate\, v. t.
To cover with gold; to gild.
Inauration \In`au*ra"tion\, n. [Cf. F. inauration.]
The act or process of gilding or covering with gold.
Inauspicate \In*aus"pi*cate\, a. [L. inauspicatus; pref. in- not
+ auspicatus, p. p. auspicari. See {Auspicate}.]
Inauspicious. [Obs.] --Sir G. Buck.
Inauspicious \In`aus*pi"cious\, a.
Not auspicious; ill-omened; unfortunate; unlucky;
unfavorable. ``Inauspicious stars.'' --Shak. ``Inauspicious
love.'' --Dryden. -- {In`aus*pi"cious*ly}, adv. --
{In`aus*pi"cious*ness}, n.
Inauthoritative \In`au*thor"i*ta*tive\, a.
Without authority; not authoritative.
Inbarge \In"barge\, v. t. & i.
To embark; to go or put into a barge. [Obs.] --Drayton.
Inbeaming \In"beam`ing\, n.
Shining in. --South.
Inbeing \In"be`ing\, n.
Inherence; inherent existence. --I. Watts.
Inbind \In*bind"\, v. t.
To inclose. [Obs.] --Fairfax.
Inblown \In"blown`\, a.
Blown in or into. [Obs.]
Inboard \In"board`\, a. & adv.
1. (Naut.) Inside the line of a vessel's bulwarks or hull;
the opposite of outboard; as, an inboard cargo; haul the
boom inboard.
2. (Mech.) From without inward; toward the inside; as, the
inboard stroke of a steam engine piston, the inward or
return stroke.
Inborn \In"born`\, a.
Born in or with; implanted by nature; innate; as, inborn
passions. --Cowper.
Syn: Innate; inherent; natural.
Inbreak \In"break`\, Inbreaking \In"break`ing\, n.
A breaking in; inroad; invasion.
Inbreathe \In*breathe"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inbreathed}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Inbreathing}.]
To infuse by breathing; to inspire. --Coleridge.
Inbred \In"bred`\, a.
Bred within; innate; as, inbred worth. ``Inbred sentiments.''
--Burke.
Inbreed \In*breed"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inbred}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inbreeding}.] [Cf. {Imbreed}.]
1. To produce or generate within. --Bp. Reynolds.
To inbreed and cherish . . . the seeds of virtue.
--Milton.
2. To breed in and in. See under {Breed}, v. i.
Inburning \In"burn`ing\, a.
Burning within.
Her inburning wrath she gan abate. --Spenser.
Inburnt \In"burnt`\, a.
Burnt in; ineffaceable.
Her inburnt, shamefaced thoughts. --P. Fletcher.
Inburst \In"burst`\, n.
A bursting in or into.
Inc \Inc\, n.
A Japanese measure of length equal to about two and one
twelfth yards. [Written also {ink}.]
Inca \In"ca\, n.
(a) An emperor or monarch of Peru before, or at the time of,
the Spanish conquest; any member of this royal dynasty,
reputed to have been descendants of the sun.
(b) pl. The people governed by the Incas, now represented by
the Quichua tribe.
{Inca dove} (Zo["o]l.), a small dove ({Scardafella inca}),
native of Arizona, Lower California, and Mexico.
Incage \In*cage"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incaged}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Incaging}.] [Cf. {Encage}.]
To confine in, or as in, a cage; to coop up. [Written also
{encage}.] ``Incaged birds.'' --Shak.
Incagement \In*cage"ment\, n.
Confinement in, or as in, cage. [Obs.] --Shelton.
Incalculability \In*cal`cu*la*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being incalculable.
Incalculable \In*cal"cu*la*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + calculable:
cf. F. incalculable.]
Not capable of being calculated; beyond calculation; very
great. -- {In*cal"cu*la*ble*ness}, n. -- {In*cal"cu*la*bly},
adv.
Incalescence \In`ca*les"cence\, n.
The state of being incalescent, or of growing warm. --Sir T.
Browne.
Incalescency \In`ca*les"cen*cy\, n.
Incalescence. --Ray.
Incalescent \In`ca*les"cent\, a. [L. incalescens, -entis, p. pr.
of incalescere to grow hot. See 1st {In-}, and {Calescence}.]
Growing warm; increasing in heat.
Incameration \In*cam`er*a"tion\, n. [Pref. in- in + L. camera
chamber, LL., also, jurisdiction: cf. F. incam['e]ration, It.
incamerazione.] (R. C. Ch.)
The act or process of uniting lands, rights, or revenues, to
the ecclesiastical chamber, i. e., to the pope's domain.
Incan \In"can\, a.
Of or pertaining to the Incas.
Incandescence \In`can*des"cence\, n. [Cf. F. incandescence.]
A white heat, or the glowing or luminous whiteness of a body
caused by intense heat.
Incandescent \In`can*des"cent\, a. [L. incandecens, -entis, p.
pr. of incandescere to become warm or hot; pref. in- in +
candescere to become of a glittering whiteness, to become red
hot, incho. fr. candere to be of a glittering whiteness: cf.
F. incandescent. See {Candle}.]
White, glowing, or luminous, with intense heat; as,
incandescent carbon or platinum; hence, clear; shining;
brilliant.
Holy Scripture become resplendent; or, as one might
say, incandescent throughout. --I. Taylor.
{Incandescent lamp} or {light} (Elec.), a kind of lamp in
which the light is produced by a thin filament of
conducting material, usually carbon
, contained in a vacuum, and heated to incandescence by an
electric current, as in the Edison lamp; -- called also
{incandescence lamp}, and {glowlamp}.
Incanescent \In`ca*nes"cent\, a. [L. incanescens, p. pr.
incanescere to become gray.]
Becoming hoary or gray; canescent.
Incanous \In*ca"nous\, a. [L. incanus; pref. in- in + canus
hoary.] (Bot.)
Hoary with white pubescence.
Incantation \In`can*ta"tion\, n. [L. incantatio, fr. incantare
to chant a magic formula over one: cf. F. incantation. See
{Enchant}.]
1. The act or process of using formulas sung or spoken, with
occult ceremonies, for the purpose of raising spirits,
producing enchantment, or affecting other magical results;
enchantment. ``Mysterious ceremony and incantation.''
--Burke.
2. A formula of words used as above.
Incantatory \In*cant"a*to*ry\, a.
Dealing by enchantment; magical. --Sir T. Browne.
Incanting \In*cant"ing\, a.
Enchanting. [Obs.] --Sir T. Herbert.
Incanton \In*can"ton\, v. t.
To unite to, or form into, a canton or separate community.
--Addison.
Incapability \In*ca`pa*bil"i*ty\, n.
1. The quality of being incapable; incapacity. --Suckling.
2. (Law) Want of legal qualifications, or of legal power; as,
incapability of holding an office.
Incapable \In*ca"pa*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + capable: cf. F.
incapable, L. incapabilis incomprehensible.]
1. Wanting in ability or qualification for the purpose or end
in view; not large enough to contain or hold; deficient in
physical strength, mental or moral power, etc.; not
capable; as, incapable of holding a certain quantity of
liquid; incapable of endurance, of comprehension, of
perseverance, of reform, etc.
2. Not capable of being brought to do or perform, because
morally strong or well disposed; -- used with reference to
some evil; as, incapable of wrong, dishonesty, or
falsehood.
3. Not in a state to receive; not receptive; not susceptible;
not able to admit; as, incapable of pain, or pleasure;
incapable of stain or injury.
4. (Law) Unqualified or disqualified, in a legal sense; as, a
man under thirty-five years of age is incapable of holding
the office of president of the United States; a person
convicted on impeachment is thereby made incapable of
holding an office of profit or honor under the government.
5. (Mil.) As a term of disgrace, sometimes annexed to a
sentence when an officer has been cashiered and rendered
incapable of serving his country.
Note: Incapable is often used elliptically.
Is not your father grown incapable of reasonable
affairs? --Shak.
Syn: Incompetent; unfit; unable; insufficient; inadequate;
deficient; disqualified. See {Incompetent}.
Incapable \In*ca"pa*ble\, n.
One who is morally or mentally weak or inefficient; an
imbecile; a simpleton.
Incapableness \In*ca"pa*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being incapable; incapability.
Incapably \In*ca"pa*bly\, adv.
In an incapable manner.
Incapacious \In`ca*pa"cious\, a. [Pref. in- not + capacious: cf.
L. incapax incapable.]
Not capacious; narrow; small; weak or foolish; as, an
incapacious soul. --Bp. Burnet. -- {In`ca*pa"cious*ness}, n.
Incapacitate \In`ca*pac"i*tate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Incapacitated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Incapacitating}.] [Pref.
in- not + capacitate.]
1. To deprive of capacity or natural power; to disable; to
render incapable or unfit; to disqualify; as, his age
incapacitated him for war.
2. (Law) To deprive of legal or constitutional requisites, or
of ability or competency for the performance of certain
civil acts; to disqualify.
It absolutely incapacitated them from holding rank,
office, function, or property. --Milman.
Incapacitation \In`ca*pac`i*ta"tion\, n.
The act of incapacitating or state of being incapacitated;
incapacity; disqualification. --Burke.
Incapacity \In`ca*pac"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Incapacities}. [Cf. F.
incapacit['e].]
1. Want of capacity; lack of physical or intellectual power;
inability.
2. (Law) Want of legal ability or competency to do, give,
transmit, or receive something; inability;
disqualification; as, the inacapacity of minors to make
binding contracts, etc.
Syn: Inability; incapability; incompetency; unfitness;
disqualification; disability.
Incapsulate \In*cap"su*late\, v. t. (Physiol.)
To inclose completely, as in a membrane.
Incapsulation \In*cap`su*la"tion\, n. (Physiol.)
The process of becoming, or the state or condition of being,
incapsulated; as, incapsulation of the ovum in the uterus.
Incarcerate \In*car"cer*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Incarcerated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Incarcerating}.] [Pref. in-
in + L. carceratus, p. p. of carcerare to imprison, fr.
carcer prison.]
1. To imprison; to confine in a jail or prison.
2. To confine; to shut up or inclose; to hem in.
{Incarcerated hernia} (Med.), hernia in which the
constriction can not be easily reduced.
Incarcerate \In*car"cer*ate\, a.
Imprisoned. --Dr. H. More.
Incarceration \In*car`cer*a"tion\, n. [Cf. F. incarc['e]ration.]
1. The act of confining, or the state of being confined;
imprisonment. --Glanvill.
2. (Med.)
(a) Formerly, strangulation, as in hernia.
(b) A constriction of the hernial sac, rendering it
irreducible, but not great enough to cause
strangulation.
Incarcerator \In*car"cer*a`tor\, n.
One who incarcerates.
Incarn \In*carn"\, v. t. [Cf. F. incarner. See {Incarnate}.]
To cover or invest with flesh. [R.] --Wiseman.
Incarn \In*carn"\, v. i.
To develop flesh. [R.] --Wiseman.
Incarnadine \In*car"na*dine\, a. [F. incarnadin, It.
incarnatino; L. pref. in- in + caro, carnis, flesh. Cf.
{Carnation}, {Incarnate}.]
Flesh-colored; of a carnation or pale red color. [Obs.]
--Lovelace.
Incarnadine \In*car"na*dine\, v. t.
To dye red or crimson.
Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood Clean
from my hand? No; this my hand will rather The
multitudinous seas incarnadine, Making the green one
red. --Shak.
Incarnate \In*car"nate\, a. [Pref. in- not + carnate.]
Not in the flesh; spiritual. [Obs.]
I fear nothing . . . that devil carnate or incarnate
can fairly do. --Richardson.
Incarnate \In*car"nate\, a. [L. incarnatus, p. p. of incarnare
to incarnate, pref. in- in + caro, carnis, flesh. See
{Carnal}.]
1. Invested with flesh; embodied in a human nature and form;
united with, or having, a human body.
Here shalt thou sit incarnate. --Milton.
He represents the emperor and his wife as two devils
incarnate, sent into the world for the destruction
of mankind. --Jortin.
2. Flesh-colored; rosy; red. [Obs.] --Holland.
Incarnate \In*car"nate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incarnated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Incarnating}.]
To clothe with flesh; to embody in flesh; to invest, as
spirits, ideals, etc., with a human from or nature.
This essence to incarnate and imbrute, That to the
height of deity aspired. --Milton.
Incarnate \In*car"nate\, v. i.
To form flesh; to granulate, as a wound. [R.]
My uncle Toby's wound was nearly well -- 't was just
beginning to incarnate. --Sterne.
Incarnation \In`car*na"tion\, n. [F. incarnation, LL.
incarnatio.]
1. The act of clothing with flesh, or the state of being so
clothed; the act of taking, or being manifested in, a
human body and nature.
2. (Theol.) The union of the second person of the Godhead
with manhood in Christ.
3. An incarnate form; a personification; a manifestation; a
reduction to apparent from; a striking exemplification in
person or act.
She is a new incarnation of some of the illustrious
dead. --Jeffrey.
The very incarnation of selfishness. --F. W.
Robertson.
4. A rosy or red color; flesh color; carnation. [Obs.]
5. (Med.) The process of healing wounds and filling the part
with new flesh; granulation.
Incarnative \In*car"na*tive\, a. [Cf. F. incarnatif.]
Causing new flesh to grow; healing; regenerative. -- n. An
incarnative medicine.
Incarnification \In*car`ni*fi*ca"tion\, n. [See {Incarnation},
and {-fy}.]
The act of assuming, or state of being clothed with, flesh;
incarnation.
Incase \In*case"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incased}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Incasing}.] [F. encaisser; pref. en- (L. in) + caisse
case. See {Case} a box, and cf. {Encase}, {Enchase}.]
To inclose in a case; to inclose; to cover or surround with
something solid.
Rich plates of gold the folding doors incase. --Pope.
Incasement \In*case"ment\, n. [Cf. {Casement}.]
1. The act or process of inclosing with a case, or the state
of being incased.
2. That which forms a case, covering, or inclosure.
Incask \In*cask"\, v. t.
To cover with a casque or as with a casque. --Sherwood.
Incastellated \In*cas"tel*la`ted\, a.
Confined or inclosed in a castle.
Incastelled \In*cas"telled\, a. (Far.)
Hoofbound. --Crabb.
Incatenation \In*cat`e*na"tion\, n. [LL. incatenatio; L. pref.
in- in + catena chain. See {Enchain}.]
The act of linking together; enchaining. [R.] --Goldsmith.
Incaution \In*cau"tion\, n.
Want of caution. --Pope.
Incautious \In*cau"tious\, a. [Pref. in- not + cautious: cf. L.
incautus.]
Not cautious; not circumspect; not attending to the
circumstances on which safety and interest depend; heedless;
careless; as, an incautious step; an incautious remark.
You . . . incautious tread On fire with faithless embers
overspread. --Francis.
His rhetorical expressions may easily captivate any
incautious reader. --Keill.
Syn: Unwary; indiscreet; inconsiderate; imprudent; impolitic;
careless; heedless; thoughtless. -- {In*cau"tious*ly},
adv. -- {In*cau"tious*ness}, n.
Incavated \In"ca*va`ted\, a. [L. incavatus, p. p. of incavare to
make hollow: pref in- in + cavare to hollow out, fr. cavus
hollow.]
Made hollow; bent round or in.
Incavation \In`ca*va"tion\, n.
Act of making hollow; also, a hollow; an exvation; a
depression.
Incaved \In*caved"\, a. [Pref. in- in + cave. Cf. {Encave},
{Incavated}.]
Inclosed in a cave.
Incaverned \In*cav"erned\, a.
Inclosed or shut up as in a cavern. --Drayton.
Incedingly \In*ced"ing*ly\, adv. [L. incedere to walk
majestically.]
Majestically. [R.] --C. Bront['e].
Incelebrity \In`ce*leb"ri*ty\, n.
Want of celebrity or distinction; obscurity. [R.]
--Coleridge.
Incend \In*cend"\, v. t. [L. incendere, incensum, to kindle,
burn. See {Incense} to inflame.]
To inflame; to excite. [Obs.] --Marston.
Incendiarism \In*cen"di*a*rism\, n. [From {Incendiary}.]
The act or practice of maliciously setting fires; arson.
Incendiary \In*cen"di*a*ry\ (?; 277), n.; pl. {Incendiaries}.
[L. incendiarius: cf. F. incendiaire. See {Incense} to
inflame.]
1. Any person who maliciously sets fire to a building or
other valuable or other valuable property.
2. A person who excites or inflames factions, and promotes
quarrels or sedition; an agitator; an exciter.
Several cities . . . drove them out as incendiaries.
--Bentley.
Incendiary \In*cen"di*a*ry\, a. [L. incendiarius, fr. incendium
a fire, conflagration: cf. F. incendiaire. See {Incense} to
inflame.]
1. Of or pertaining to incendiarism, or the malicious burning
of valuable property; as, incendiary material; as
incendiary crime.
2. Tending to excite or inflame factions, sedition, or
quarrel; inflammatory; seditious. --Paley.
{Incendiary shell}, a bombshell. See {Carcass}, 4.
Incendious \In*cen"di*ous\, a. [L. incendiosus burning, hot.]
Promoting faction or contention; seditious; inflammatory.
[Obs.] --Bacon. -- {In*cen"di*ous*ly}, adv. [Obs.]
Incensant \In*cen"sant\, a. [See {Incense} to anger.] (Her.)
A modern term applied to animals (as a boar) when borne as
raging, or with furious aspect.
Incensation \In`cen*sa"tion\, n. (R. C. Ch.)
The offering of incense. [R.] --Encyc. Brit.
Incense \In*cense"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incensed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Incensing}.] [L. incensus, p. p. of incendere; pref.
in- in + root of candere to glow. See {Candle}.]
1. To set on fire; to inflame; to kindle; to burn. [Obs.]
Twelve Trojan princes wait on thee, and labor to
incense Thy glorious heap of funeral. --Chapman.
2. To inflame with anger; to endkindle; to fire; to incite;
to provoke; to heat; to madden.
The people are incensed him. --Shak.
Syn: To enrage; exasperate; provoke; anger; irritate; heat;
fire; instigate.
Incense \In"cense\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incensed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Incensing}.] [LL. incensare: cf. F. encenser. See
{Incense}, n.]
1. To offer incense to. See {Incense}. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
2. To perfume with, or as with, incense. ``Incensed with
wanton sweets.'' --Marston.
Incense \In"cense\, n. [OE. encens, F. encens, L. incensum, fr.
incensus, p. p. of incendere to burn. See {Incense} to
inflame.]
1. The perfume or odors exhaled from spices and gums when
burned in celebrating religious rites or as an offering to
some deity.
A thick of incense went up. --Ezek. viii.
11.
2. The materials used for the purpose of producing a perfume
when burned, as fragrant gums, spices, frankincense, etc.
Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, took either of
them his censer, and put fire therein, and put
incense thereon. --Lev. x. 1.
3. Also used figuratively.
Or heap the shrine of luxury and pride,
With incense kindled at the Muse's flame. --Gray.
{Incense tree}, the name of several balsamic trees of the
genus {Bursera} (or {Icica}) mostly tropical American. The
gum resin is used for incense. In Jamaica the
{Chrysobalanus Icaco}, a tree related to the plums, is
called incense tree.
{Incense wood}, the fragrant wood of the tropical American
tree {Bursera heptaphylla}.
Incensebreathing \In"cense*breath`ing\, a.
Breathing or exhaling incense. ``Incense-breathing morn.''
--Gray.
Incensed \In*censed"\, a.
1. Angered; enraged.
2. (Her.) Represented as enraged, as any wild creature
depicted with fire issuing from mouth and eyes.
Incensement \In*cense"ment\, n.
Fury; rage; heat; exasperation; as, implacable incensement.
--Shak.
Incenser \In*cen"ser\, n.
One who instigates or incites.
Incension \In*cen"sion\, n. [L. incensio. See {Incense} to
inflame.]
The act of kindling, or the state of being kindled or on
fire. --Bacon.
Incensive \In*cen"sive\, a.
Tending to excite or provoke; inflammatory. --Barrow.
Incensor \In*cen"sor\, n. [L.]
A kindler of anger or enmity; an inciter.
Incensory \In*cen"so*ry\ (?; 277), n.; pl. {Incensories}. [LL.
incensorium: cf. F. encensoir. See 2d {Incense}, and cf.
{Censer}.]
The vessel in which incense is burned and offered; a censer;
a thurible. [R.] --Evelyn.
Incensurable \In*cen"sur*a*ble\ (?; 135), a. [Pref. in- not +
censurable: cf. F. incensurable.]
Not censurable. --Dr. T. Dwight. -- {In*cen"sur*a*bly}, adv.
Incenter \In*cen"ter\, n. (Geom.)
The center of the circle inscribed in a triangle.
Incentive \In*cen"tive\, a. [L. incentivus, from incinere to
strike up or set the tune; pref. in- + canere to sing. See
{Enchant}, {Chant}.]
1. Inciting; encouraging or moving; rousing to action;
stimulative.
Competency is the most incentive to industry. --Dr.
H. More.
2. Serving to kindle or set on fire. [R.]
Part incentive reed
Provide, pernicious with one touch of fire.
--Milton.
Incentive \In*cen"tive\, n. [L. incentivum.]
That which moves or influences the mind, or operates on the
passions; that which incites, or has a tendency to incite, to
determination or action; that which prompts to good or ill;
motive; spur; as, the love of money, and the desire of
promotion, are two powerful incentives to action.
The greatest obstacles, the greatest terrors that come
in their way, are so far from making them quit the work
they had begun, that they rather prove incentives to
them to go on in it. --South.
Syn: Motive; spur; stimulus; incitement; encouragement;
inducement; influence.
Incentively \In*cen"tive*ly\, adv.
Incitingly; encouragingly.
Inception \In*cep"tion\, n. [L. inceptio, fr. incipere to begin;
pref. in- in + capere to take. See {Capable}.]
1. Beginning; commencement; initiation. --Bacon.
Marked with vivacity of inception, apathy of
progress, and prematureness of decay. --Rawle.
2. Reception; a taking in. [R.] --Poe.
Inceptive \In*cep"tive\, a.
Beginning; expressing or indicating beginning; as, an
inceptive proposition; an inceptive verb, which expresses the
beginning of action; -- called also {inchoative}. --
{In*cep"tive*ly}, adv.
Inceptive \In*cep"tive\, n.
An inceptive word, phrase, or clause.
Inceptor \In*cep"tor\, n. [L.]
1. A beginner; one in the rudiments. --Johnson.
2. One who is on the point of taking the degree of master of
arts at an English university. --Walton.
Inceration \In`cer*a"tion\, n. [L. incerare to smear with wax;
pref. in- in + cerare to wax, fr. cera wax: cf. F.
inc['e]ration.]
The act of smearing or covering with wax. --B. Jonson.
Incerative \In*cer"a*tive\, a.
Cleaving or sticking like wax. --Cotgrave.
Incertain \In*cer"tain\, n. [Pref. in- not + certain: cf. F.
incertain, L. incertus. See {Certain}.]
Uncertain; doubtful; unsteady. -- {In*cer"tain*ly}, adv.
Very questionable and of uncertain truth. --Sir T.
Browne.
Incertainty \In*cer"tain*ty\, n.
Uncertainty. [Obs.] --Shak.
Incertitude \In*cer"ti*tude\, n. [Cf. F. incertitude, LL.
incertitudo, fr. L. incertus. See {Incertain}.]
Uncertainty; doubtfulness; doubt.
The incertitude and instability of this life.
--Holland.
He fails . . . from mere incertitude or irresolution.
--I. Taylor.
Incertum \In*cer"tum\, a.
Doubtful; not of definite form.
{Opus incertum} (Anc. Arch.), a kind of masonry employed in
building walls, in which the stones were not squared nor
laid in courses; rubblework.
Incessable \In*ces"sa*ble\, a. [L. incessabilis; pref. in- not +
cessare to cease.]
Unceasing; continual. [Obs.] --Shelton. -- {In*ces"sa*bly},
adv. [Obs.]
Incessancy \In*ces"san*cy\, n. [From {Incessant}.]
The quality of being incessant; unintermitted continuance;
unceasingness. --Dr. T. Dwight.
Incessant \In*ces"sant\, a. [L. incessans, -antis; pref. in- not
+ cessare to cease: cf. F. incessant. See {Cease}.]
Continuing or following without interruption; unceasing;
unitermitted; uninterrupted; continual; as, incessant
clamors; incessant pain, etc.
Against the castle gate, . . . Which with incessant
force and endless hate, They batter'd day and night and
entrance did await. --Spenser.
Syn: Unceasing; uninterrupted; unintermitted; unremitting;
ceaseless; continual; constant; perpetual.
Incessantly \In*ces"sant*ly\, adv.
Unceasingly; continually. --Shak.
Incession \In*ces"sion\, n. [L. incedere, incessum, to walk.]
Motion on foot; progress in walking. [Obs.]
The incession or local motion of animals. --Sir T.
Browne.
Incest \In"cest\, n. [F. inceste, L. incestum unchastity,
incest, fr. incestus unchaste; pref. in- not + castus chaste.
See {Chaste}.]
The crime of cohabitation or sexual commerce between persons
related within the degrees wherein marriage is prohibited by
law. --Shak.
{Spiritual incest}. (Eccl. Law)
(a) The crime of cohabitation committed between persons who
have a spiritual alliance by means of baptism or
confirmation.
(b) The act of a vicar, or other beneficiary, who holds two
benefices, the one depending on the collation of the
other.
Incesttuous \In*cest"tu*ous\ (?; 135), a. [L. incestuosus: cf.
F. incestueux.]
Guilty of incest; involving, or pertaining to, the crime of
incest; as, an incestuous person or connection. --Shak.
Ere you reach to this incestuous love, You must divine
and human rights remove. --Dryden.
-- {In*cest"tu*ous*ly}, adv. -- {In*cest"tu*ous*ness}, n.
Inch \Inch\, n. [Gael. inis.]
An island; -- often used in the names of small islands off
the coast of Scotland, as in Inchcolm, Inchkeith, etc.
[Scot.]
Inch \Inch\, n. [OE. inche, unche, AS. ynce, L. uncia the
twelfth part, inch, ounce. See {Ounce} a weight.]
1. A measure of length, the twelfth part of a foot, commonly
subdivided into halves, quarters, eights, sixteenths,
etc., as among mechanics. It was also formerly divided
into twelve parts, called lines, and originally into three
parts, called barleycorns, its length supposed to have
been determined from three grains of barley placed end to
end lengthwise. It is also sometimes called a prime ('),
composed of twelve seconds (''), as in the duodecimal
system of arithmetic.
12 seconds ('') make 1 inch or prime. 12 inches or primes
(') make 1 foot. --B.
Greenleaf.
Note: The meter, the accepted scientific standard of length,
equals 39.37 inches; the inch is equal to 2.54
centimeters. See {Metric system}, and {Meter}.
2. A small distance or degree, whether of time or space;
hence, a critical moment.
Beldame, I think we watched you at an inch. --Shak.
{By inches}, by slow degrees, gradually.
{Inch of candle}. See under {Candle}.
{Inches of pressure}, usually, the pressure indicated by so
many inches of a mercury column, as on a steam gauge.
{Inch of water}. See under {Water}.
{Miner's inch}, (Hydraulic Mining), a unit for the
measurement of water. See {Inch of water}, under {Water}.
Inch \Inch\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inched}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Inching}.]
1. To drive by inches, or small degrees. [R.]
He gets too far into the soldier's grace And inches
out my master. --Dryden.
2. To deal out by inches; to give sparingly. [R.]
Inch \Inch\, v. i.
To advance or retire by inches or small degrees; to move
slowly.
With slow paces measures back the field, And inches to
the walls. --Dryden.
Inch \Inch\, a.
Measurement an inch in any dimension, whether length,
breadth, or thickness; -- used in composition; as, a two-inch
cable; a four-inch plank.
{Inch stuff}, boards, etc., sawed one inch thick.
Inchamber \In*cham"ber\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inchambered}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Inchambering}.] [Pref. in- in + chamber: cf.
OF. enchambrer.]
To lodge in a chamber. [R.] --Sherwood.
Inchangeability \In*change`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
Unchangeableness. [Obs.] --Kenrick.
Inchant \In*chant"\, v. t.
See {Enchant}.
Incharitable \In*char"i*ta*ble\, a. [Cf. F. incharitable.]
Uncharitable; unfeeling. [Obs.] --Shak.
Incharity \In*char"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. incharit['e].]
Want of charity. [Obs.] --Evelyn.
Inchase \In*chase"\, v. t.
See {Enchase}.
Inchastity \In*chas"ti*ty\, n. [Pref. in- not + chastity: cf. F.
inchastet['e].]
Unchastity. [Obs.] --Milton.
Inched \Inched\, a.
Having or measuring (so many) inches; as, a four-inched
bridge. --Shak.
Inchest \In*chest"\, v. t.
To put into a chest.
Inchipin \Inch"i*pin\, n.
See {Inchpin}.
Inchmeal \Inch"meal`\, n. [See {Meal} a part, and cf.
{Piecemeal}.]
A piece an inch long.
{By inchmeal}, by small degrees; by inches. --Shak.
Inchmeal \Inch"meal`\, adv.
Little by little; gradually.
Inchoate \In"cho*ate\, a. [L. inchoatus, better incohatus, p. p.
of incohare to begin.]
Recently, or just, begun; beginning; partially but not fully
in existence or operation; existing in its elements;
incomplete. -- {In"cho*ate*ly}, adv.
Neither a substance perfect, nor a substance inchoate.
--Raleigh.
Inchoate \In"cho*ate\, v. t.
To begin. [Obs.] --Dr. H. More.
Inchoation \In`cho*a"tion\, n. [L. inchoatio, incohatio.]
Act of beginning; commencement; inception.
The setting on foot some of those arts, in those parts,
would be looked on as the first inchoation of them.
--Sir M. Hale.
It is now in actual progress, from the rudest
inchoation to the most elaborate finishing. --I.
Taylor.
Inchoative \In*cho"a*tive\ (?; 277), a. [L. inchoativus,
incohativus: cf. F. inchoatif.]
Expressing or pertaining to a beginning; inceptive; as, an
inchoative verb. ``Some inchoative or imperfect rays.'' --W.
Montagu. -- n. An inchoative verb. See {Inceptive}.
Inchpin \Inch"pin\, n. [Written also inchipin, inche-pinne,
inne-pinne.] [Cf. Gael. inne, innidh, bowel, entrail.]
The sweetbread of a deer. --Cotgrave.
Inchworm \Inch"worm`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The larva of any geometrid moth. See {Geometrid}.
Incicurable \In*cic"u*ra*ble\, a. [L. incicur not tame; pref.
in- not + cicur name.]
Untamable. [R.]
Incide \In*cide"\, v. t. [L. incidere; pref. in- in + caedere to
cut. See {Concise}, and cf. {Incise}.]
To cut; to separate and remove; to resolve or break up, as by
medicines. [Obs.] --Arbuthnot.
Incidence \In"ci*dence\, n. [Cf. F. incidence.]
1. A falling on or upon; an incident; an event. [Obs.] --Bp.
Hall.
2. (Physics) The direction in which a body, or a ray of light
or heat, falls on any surface.
In equal incidences there is a considerable
inequality of refractions. --Sir I.
Newton.
{Angle of incidence}, the angle which a ray of light, or the
line of incidence of a body, falling on any surface, makes
with a perpendicular to that surface; also formerly, the
complement of this angle.
{Line of incidence}, the line in the direction of which a
surface is struck by a body, ray of light, and the like.
Incidency \In"ci*den*cy\, n.
Incidence. [Obs.] --Shak.
Incident \In"ci*dent\, a. [L. incidens, -entis, p. pr. & of
incidere to fall into or upon; pref. in- in, on + cadere to
fall: cf. F. incident. See {Cadence}.]
1. Falling or striking upon, as a ray of light upon a
reflecting surface.
2. Coming or happening accidentally; not in the usual course
of things; not in connection with the main design; not
according to expectation; casual; fortuitous.
As the ordinary course of common affairs is disposed
of by general laws, so likewise men's rarer incident
necessities and utilities should be with special
equity considered. --Hooker.
3. Liable to happen; apt to occur; befalling; hence,
naturally happening or appertaining.
All chances incident to man's frail life. --Milton.
The studies incident to his profession. --Milward.
4. (Law) Dependent upon, or appertaining to, another thing,
called the principal.
{Incident proposition} (Logic), a proposition subordinate to
another, and introduced by who, which, whose, whom, etc.;
as, Julius, whose surname was C[ae]sar, overcame Pompey.
--I. Watts.
Incident \In"ci*dent\, n. [Cf. F. incident.]
1. That which falls out or takes place; an event; casualty;
occurrence.
2. That which happens aside from the main design; an
accidental or subordinate action or event.
No person, no incident, in a play but must be of use
to carry on the main design. --Dryden.
3. (Law) Something appertaining to, passing with, or
depending on, another, called the principal. --Tomlins.
Syn: Circumstance; event; fact; adventure; contingency;
chance; accident; casualty. See {Event}.
Incindental \In`cin*den"tal\, a.
Happening, as an occasional event, without regularity; coming
without design; casual; accidental; hence, not of prime
concern; subordinate; collateral; as, an incidental
conversation; an incidental occurrence; incidental expenses.
By some, religious duties . . . appear to be regarded .
. . as an incidental business. --Rogers.
Syn: Accidental; casual; fortuitous; contingent; chance;
collateral. See {Accidental}. -- {In`cen*den"tal*ly},
adv. -- {In`cen*den"tal*ness}, n.
I treat either or incidentally of colors. --Boyle.
Incendental \In`cen*den"tal\, n.
An incident; that which is incidental; esp., in the plural,
an aggregate of subordinate or incidental items not
particularized; as, the expense of tuition and incidentals.
--Pope.
Incidently \In"ci*dent*ly\, adv.
Incidentally. [Obs.]
Incinerable \In*cin"er*a*ble\, a.
Capable of being incinerated or reduced to ashes. --Sir T.
Browne.
Incinerate \In*cin"er*ate\, [LL. incineratus, p. p. of
incinerare to incinerate; L. pref. in- in + cinis, cineris,
ashes.]
Reduced to ashes by burning; thoroughly consumed. [Obs.]
--Bacon.
Incinerate \In*cin"er*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incinerated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Incinerating}.]
To burn to ashes; to consume; to burn. --Bacon.
It is the fire only that incinerates bodies. --Boyle.
Incineration \In*cin`er*a"tion\, n. [LL. incineratio: cf. F.
incin['e]ration.]
The act of incinerating, or the state of being incinerated;
cremation.
The phenix kind, Of whose incineration, There riseth a
new creation. --Skelton.
Incipience \In*cip"i*ence\, Incipiency \In*cip"i*en*cy\, n. [L.
incipientia.]
Beginning; commencement; incipient state.
Incipient \In*cip"i*ent\, a. [L. incipiens, p. pr. of incipere
to begin. See {Inception}.]
Beginning to be, or to show itself; commencing; initial; as,
the incipient stage of a fever; incipient light of day. --
{In*cip"i*ent*ly}, adv.
Incircle \In*cir"cle\, v. t.
See {Encircle}.
Incirclet \In*cir"clet\, n. [Cf. {Encirclet}.]
A small circle. [Obs.] --Sir P. Sidney.
Incircumscriptible \In*cir`cum*scrip"ti*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not
+ circumscriptible: cf. LL. incircumscriptibilis.]
Incapable of being circumscribed or limited. --Cranmer.
Incircumscription \In*cir`cum*scrip"tion\, n.
Condition or quality of being incircumscriptible or
limitless. --Jer. Taylor.
Incircumspect \In*cir"cum*spect\, a. [Pref. in- not +
circumspect.]
Not circumspect; heedless; careless; reckless; impolitic.
--Tyndale.
Incircumspection \In*cir`cum*spec"tion\, n. [Cf. F.
incirconspection.]
Want of circumspection. --Sir T. Browne.
Incise \In*cise"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incised}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Incising}.] [L. incisus, p. p. of incidere to incise: cf.
F. inciser. See {Incide}.]
1. To cut in or into with a sharp instrument; to carve; to
engrave.
I on thy grave this epitaph incise. --T. Carew.
2. To cut, gash, or wound with a sharp instrument; to cut
off.
Incised \In*cised"\, a.
1. Cut in; carved; engraved.
2. (Bot.) Having deep and sharp notches, as a leaf or a
petal.
Incisely \In*cise"ly\, adv.
In an incised manner.
Incision \In*ci"sion\, n. [L. incisio: cf. F. incision. See
{Incise}.]
1. The act of incising, or cutting into a substance.
--Milton.
2. That which is produced by incising; the separation of the
parts of any substance made by a cutting or pointed
instrument; a cut; a gash.
3. Separation or solution of viscid matter by medicines.
[Obs.]
Incisive \In*ci"sive\, a. [Cf. F. incisif.]
1. Having the quality of incising, cutting, or penetrating,
as with a sharp instrument; cutting; hence, sharp; acute;
sarcastic; biting. ``An incisive, high voice.'' --G.
Eliot.
And her incisive smile accrediting That treason of
false witness in my blush. --Mrs.
Browning.
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the incisors; incisor; as, the
incisive bones, the premaxillaries.
Incisor \In*ci"sor\ (?; 277), n. [NL.] (Anat.)
One of the teeth in front of the canines in either jaw; an
incisive tooth. See {Tooth}.
Incisor \In*ci"sor\, a.
Adapted for cutting; of or pertaining to the incisors;
incisive; as, the incisor nerve; an incisor foramen; an
incisor tooth.
Incisory \In*ci"so*ry\, a.
Having the quality of cutting; incisor; incisive.
Incisure \In*cis"ure\ (?; 277), n. [L. incisura: cf. F.
incisure.]
A cut; an incision; a gash. --Derham.
Incitant \In*cit"ant\, a. [L. incitans, -antis, p. pr. of
incitare. See {Incite}.]
Inciting; stimulating.
Incitant \In*cit"ant\, n.
That which incites; an inciting agent or cause; a stimulant.
--E. Darwin.
Incitation \In`ci*ta"tion\, n. [L. incitatio: cf. F.
incitation.]
1. The act of inciting or moving to action.
2. That which incites to action; that which rouses or
prompts; incitement; motive; incentive.
The noblest incitation to honest attempts. --Tatler.
Incitative \In*cit"a*tive\, n.
A provocative; an incitant; a stimulant. [R.] --Jervas.
Incite \In*cite"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incited}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inciting}.] [L. incitare; pref. in- in + citare to rouse,
stir up: cf. F. inciter. See {Cite}.]
To move to action; to stir up; to rouse; to spur or urge on.
Anthiochus, when he incited Prusias to join in war, set
before him the greatness of the Romans. --Bacon.
No blown ambition doth our arms incite. --Shak.
Syn: Excite; stimulate; instigate; spur; goad; arouse; move;
urge; rouse; provoke; encourage; prompt; animate. See
{Excite}.
Incitement \In*cite"ment\, n. [Cf. F. incitement.]
1. The act of inciting.
2. That which incites the mind, or moves to action; motive;
incentive; impulse. --Burke.
From the long records of a distant age, Derive
incitements to renew thy rage. --Pope.
Syn: Motive; incentive; spur; stimulus; impulse;
encouragement.
Inciter \In*cit"er\, n.
One who, or that which, incites.
Incitingly \In*cit"ing*ly\, adv.
So as to incite or stimulate.
Incito-motor \In*ci`to-mo"tor\, a. [L. incitus incited + E.
motor.] (Physiol.)
Inciting to motion; -- applied to that action which, in the
case of muscular motion, commences in the nerve centers, and
excites the muscles to contraction. Opposed to
{excito-motor}.
Incito-motory \In*ci`to-mo"to*ry\, a. (Physiol.)
Incitomotor.
Incivil \In*civ"il\, a. [L. incivilis; pref. in- not + civilis
civil: cf. F. incivil.]
Uncivil; rude. [Obs.] --Shak.
Incivility \In`ci*vil"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Incivilities}. [L.
incivilitas: cf. F. incivilit['e].]
1. The quality or state of being uncivil; want of courtesy;
rudeness of manner; impoliteness. --Shak. Tillotson.
2. Any act of rudeness or ill breeding.
Uncomely jests, loud talking and jeering, which, in
civil account, are called indecencies and
incivilities. --Jer. Taylor.
3. Want of civilization; a state of rudeness or barbarism.
[R.] --Sir W. Raleigh.
Syn: Impoliteness; uncourteousness; unmannerliness;
disrespect; rudeness; discourtesy.
Incivilization \In*civ`i*li*za"tion\, n. [Pref. in- not +
civilization.]
The state of being uncivilized; want of civilization;
barbarism.
Incivilly \In*civ"il*ly\, adv.
Uncivilly. [Obs.] --Shak.
Incivism \In*civ"ism\, n. [Pref. in- not + civism: cf. F.
incivisme.]
Want of civism; want of patriotism or love to one's country;
unfriendliness to one's state or government. [R.] --Macaulay.
Inclamation \In`cla*ma"tion\, n. [L. inclamatio. See 1st {In-},
and {Claim}.]
Exclamation. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Inclasp \In*clasp"\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + clasp. Cf.
{Enclasp}.]
To clasp within; to hold fast to; to embrace or encircle.
[Written also {enclasp}.]
The flattering ivy who did ever see Inclasp the huge
trunk of an aged tree. --F. Beaumont.
Inclaudent \In*clau"dent\, a.
Not closing or shutting.
Inclavated \In"cla*va`ted\, a. [LL. inclavatus; L. pref. in- in
+ clavare to fasten with nails, fr. clavus nail.]
Set; fast; fixed. --Dr. John Smith.
Inclave \In*clave"\, a. [See {Inclavated}.] (Her.)
Resembling a series of dovetails; -- said of a line of
division, such as the border of an ordinary.
Incle \In"cle\, n.
Same as {Inkle}.
Inclemency \In*clem"en*cy\, n.; pl. {Inclemencies}. [L.
inclementia: cf. F. incl['e]mence.]
1. The state or quality of being inclement; want of clemency;
want of mildness of temper; unmercifulness; severity.
The inclemency of the late pope. --Bp. Hall.
2. Physical severity or harshness (commonly in respect to the
elements or weather); roughness; storminess; rigor; severe
cold, wind, rain, or snow.
The inclemencies of morning air. --Pope.
The rude inclemency of wintry skies. --Cowper.
Syn: Harshness; severity; cruelty; rigor; roughness;
storminess; boisterousness.
Inclement \In*clem"ent\, a. [L. inclemens; pref. in- not +
clemens mild: cf. F. incl['e]ment. See {Clement}.]
1. Not clement; destitute of a mild and kind temper; void of
tenderness; unmerciful; severe; harsh.
2. Physically severe or harsh (generally restricted to the
elements or weather); rough; boisterous; stormy;
rigorously cold, etc.; as, inclement weather. --Cowper.
The guard the wretched from the inclement sky.
--Pope.
Teach us further by what means to shun The inclement
seasons, rain, ice, hail, and snow! --Milton.
Inclemently \In*clem"ent*ly\, adv.
In an inclement manner.
Inclinable \In*clin"a*ble\, a. [L. inclinabilis. See {Incline}.]
1. Leaning; tending.
Likely and inclinable to fall. --Bentley.
2. Having a propensity of will or feeling; leaning in
disposition; disposed; propense; as, a mind inclinable to
truth.
Whatsoever other sins he may be inclinable to.
--South.
The very constitution of a multitude is not so
inclinable to save as to destroy. --Fuller.
Inclinableness \In*clin"a*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being inclinable; inclination.
Inclinnation \In`clin*na"tion\, n. [L. inclinatio: cf. F.
inclination.]
1. The act of inclining, or state of being inclined; a
leaning; as, an inclination of the head.
2. A direction or tendency from the true vertical or
horizontal direction; as, the inclination of a column, or
of a road bed.
3. A tendency towards another body or point.
4. (Geom.) The angle made by two lines or planes; as, the
inclination of the plane of the earth's equator to the
plane of the ecliptic is about 23[deg] 28'; the
inclination of two rays of light.
5. A leaning or tendency of the mind, feelings, preferences,
or will; propensity; a disposition more favorable to one
thing than to another; favor; desire; love.
A mere inclination to a thing is not properly a
willing of that thing. --South.
How dost thou find the inclination of the people?
--Shak.
6. A person or thing loved or admired. --Sir W. Temple.
7. (Pharm.) Decantation, or tipping for pouring.
{Inclination compass}, an inclinometer.
{Inclination of an orbit} (Astron.), the angle which the
orbit makes the ecliptic.
{Inclination of the needle}. See {Dip of the needle}, under
{Dip}.
Syn: Bent; tendency; proneness; bias; proclivity; propensity;
prepossession; predilection; attachment; desire;
affection; love. See {Bent}, and cf. {Disposition}.
Inclinatory \In*clin"a*to*ry\ (?; 277), a.
Having the quality of leaning or inclining; as, the
inclinatory needle. -- {In*clin"a*to*ri*ly}, adv. --Sir T.
Browne.
Incline \In*cline"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Inclined}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inclining}.] [OE. inclinen, enclinen, OF. encliner,
incliner, F. incliner, L. inclinare; pref. in- in + clinare
to bend, incline; akin to E. lean. See {Lean} to incline.]
1. To deviate from a line, direction, or course, toward an
object; to lean; to tend; as, converging lines incline
toward each other; a road inclines to the north or south.
2. Fig.: To lean or tend, in an intellectual or moral sense;
to favor an opinion, a course of conduct, or a person; to
have a propensity or inclination; to be disposed.
Their hearts inclined to follow Abimelech. --Judges
ix. 3.
Power finds its balance, giddy motions cease In both
the scales, and each inclines to peace. --Parnell.
3. To bow; to incline the head. --Chaucer.
Syn: To lean; slope; slant; tend; bend.
Incline \In*cline"\, v. t.
1. To cause to deviate from a line, position, or direction;
to give a leaning, bend, or slope to; as, incline the
column or post to the east; incline your head to the
right.
Incline thine ear, O Lord, and hear. --Is. xxxvii.
17.
2. To impart a tendency or propensity to, as to the will or
affections; to turn; to dispose; to influence.
Incline my heart unto thy testimonies. --Ps. cxix.
36.
Incline our hearts to keep this law. --Book of Com.
Prayer.
3. To bend; to cause to stoop or bow; as, to incline the head
or the body in acts of reverence or civility.
With due respect my body I inclined. --Dryden.
Incline \In*cline"\, n.
An inclined plane; an ascent o? descent; a grade or gradient;
a slope.
Inclined \In*clined"\, p. p. & a.
1. Having a leaning or tendency towards, or away from, a
thing; disposed or moved by wish, desire, or judgment; as,
a man inclined to virtue. ``Each pensively inclined.''
--Cowper.
2. (Math.) Making an angle with some line or plane; -- said
of a line or plane.
3. (Bot.) Bent out of a perpendicular position, or into a
curve with the convex side uppermost.
{Inclined plane}. (Mech.)
(a) A plane that makes an oblique angle with the plane of
the horizon; a sloping plane. When used to produce
pressure, or as a means of moving bodies, it is one of
the mechanical powers, so called.
(b) (Railroad & Canal) An inclined portion of track, on
which trains or boats are raised or lowered from one
level to another.
Incliner \In*clin"er\, n.
One who, or that which, inclines; specifically, an inclined
dial.
Inclining \In*clin"ing\, a. (Bot.)
Same as {Inclined}, 3.
Inclining \In*clin"ing\, n.
1. Inclination; disposition.
On the first inclining towards sleep. --Burke.
2. Party or side chosen; a following.
Both you of my inclining, and the rest. --Shak.
Inclinnometer \In`clin*nom"e*ter\, n. [Incline + -meter.]
(Magnetism)
An apparatus to determine the inclination of the earth's
magnetic force to the plane of the horizon; -- called also
{inclination compass}, and {dip circle}.
Inclip \In*clip"\, v. t.
To clasp; to inclose.
Whate'er the ocean pales, or sky inclips. --Shak.
Incloister \In*clois"ter\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + cloister: cf.
F. enclo[^i]trer. Cf. {Encloister}.]
To confine as in a cloister; to cloister. --Lovelace.
Inclose \In*close"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inclosed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inclosing}.] [See {Enclose}, and cf. {Include}.]
[Written also {enclose}.]
1. To surround; to shut in; to confine on all sides; to
include; to shut up; to encompass; as, to inclose a fort
or an army with troops; to inclose a town with walls.
How many evils have inclosed me round! --Milton.
2. To put within a case, envelope, or the like; to fold (a
thing) within another or into the same parcel; as, to
inclose a letter or a bank note.
The inclosed copies of the treaty. --Sir W.
Temple.
3. To separate from common grounds by a fence; as, to inclose
lands. --Blackstone.
4. To put into harness; to harness. [Obs.]
They went to coach and their horse inclose.
--Chapman.
Incloser \In*clos"er\, n.
One who, or that which, incloses; one who fences off land
from common grounds.
Inclosure \In*clo"sure\ (?; 135), n. [See {Inclose},
{Enclosure}.] [Written also {enclosure}.]
1. The act of inclosing; the state of being inclosed, shut
up, or encompassed; the separation of land from common
ground by a fence.
2. That which is inclosed or placed within something; a thing
contained; a space inclosed or fenced up.
Within the inclosure there was a great store of
houses. --Hakluyt.
3. That which incloses; a barrier or fence.
Breaking our inclosures every morn. --W. Browne.
Incloud \In*cloud"\, v. t.
To envelop as in clouds; to darken; to obscure. --Milton.
Include \In*clude"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Included}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Including}.] [L. includere, inclusum; pref. in- in +
claudere to shut. See {Close}, and cf. {Enclose}.]
1. To confine within; to hold; to contain; to shut up; to
inclose; as, the shell of a nut includes the kernel; a
pearl is included in a shell.
2. To comprehend or comprise, as a genus the species, the
whole a part, an argument or reason the inference; to
contain; to embrace; as, this volume of Shakespeare
includes his sonnets; he was included in the invitation to
the family; to and including page twenty-five.
The whole included race, his purposed prey. --Milton.
The loss of such a lord includes all harm. --Shak.
3. To conclude; to end; to terminate. [Obs.]
Come, let us go; we will include all jars With
triumphs, mirth, and rare solemnity. --Shak.
Syn: To contain; inclose; comprise; comprehend; embrace;
involve.
Included \In*clud"ed\, a.
Inclosed; confined.
{Included stamens} (Bot.), such as are shorter than the
floral envelopes, or are concealed within them.
Includible \In*clud"i*ble\, a.
Capable of being included.
Inclusa \In*clu"sa\, n. pl. [NL., fr. L. inclusus, p. p. of
includere to shut in.] (Zo["o]l.)
A tribe of bivalve mollusks, characterized by the closed
state of the mantle which envelops the body. The ship borer
({Teredo navalis}) is an example.
Inclusion \In*clu"sion\, n. [L. inclusio: cf. F. inclusion. See
{Include}.]
1. The act of including, or the state of being included;
limitation; restriction; as, the lines of inclusion of his
policy. --Sir W. Temple.
2. (Min.) A foreign substance, either liquid or solid,
usually of minute size, inclosed in the mass of a mineral.
Inclusive \In*clu"sive\, a. [Cf. F. inclusif.]
1. Inclosing; encircling; surrounding.
The inclusive verge Of golden metal that must round
my brow. --Shak.
2. Comprehending the stated limit or extremes; as, from
Monday to Saturday inclusive, that is, taking in both
Monday and Saturday; -- opposed to {exclusive}.
Inclusively \In*clu"sive*ly\, adv.
In an inclusive manner.
Incoach \In*coach"\, v. t.
To put a coach.
Incoact \In`co*act"\, Incoacted \In`co*act"ed\, a. [L.
incoactus; pref. in- not + coactus forced. See {Coact}.]
Not compelled; unconstrained. [Obs.] --Coles.
Incoagulable \In`co*ag"u*la*ble\, a.
Not coagulable.
Incoalescence \In`co*a*les"cence\, n.
The state of not coalescing.
Incocted \In*coct"ed\, a. [Cf. {Concoct}.]
Raw; indigestible. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Incoercible \In`co*er"ci*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + coercible:
cf. F. incoercible.]
1. Not to be coerced; incapable of being compelled or forced.
2. (Physics) Not capable of being reduced to the form of a
liquid by pressure; -- said of any gas above its critical
point; -- also particularly of oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen,
and carbon monoxide, formerly regarded as incapable of
liquefaction at any temperature or pressure.
3. (Physics) That can note be confined in, or excluded from,
vessels, like ordinary fluids, gases, etc.; -- said of the
imponderable fluids, heat, light, electricity, etc.
Incoexistence \In`co*ex*ist"ence\, n.
The state of not coexisting. [Obs.] --Locke.
Incog \In*cog"\, adv.
Incognito. [Colloq.]
Depend upon it -- he'll remain incog. --Addison.
Incogitable \In*cog"i*ta*ble\, a. [L. incogitabilis; pref. in-
not + cogitabilis cogitable.]
Not cogitable; inconceivable. --Sir T. More.
Incogitance \In*cog"i*tance\, Incogitancy \In*cog"i*tan*cy\, n.
[L. incogitantia.]
Want of thought, or of the power of thinking;
thoughtlessness; unreasonableness.
'T is folly and incogitancy to argue anything, one way
or the other, from the designs of a sort of beings with
whom we so little communicate. --Glanvill.
Incogitant \In*cog"i*tant\, a. [L. incogitans; pref. in- not +
cogitans, p. pr. of cogitare to think. See {Cogitate}.]
Toughtless; inconsiderate. [R.] --Milton.
Men are careless and incogitant. --J. Goodman.
Incogitantly \In*cog"i*tant*ly\, adv.
In an incogitant manner.
Incogitative \In*cog"i*ta*tive\, a.
Not cogitative; not thinking; wanting the power of thought;
as, a vegetable is an incogitative being. --Locke.
Incogitativity \In*cog`i*ta*tiv"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being incogitative; want of thought or of the
power of thinking. --Wollaston.
Incognita \In*cog"ni*ta\, n. [See {Incognito}.]
1. A woman who is unknown or in disguise.
2. The state of being in disguise; -- said of a woman.
Incognitant \In*cog"ni*tant\, a.
Ignorant. [Obs.]
Incognito \In*cog"ni*to\, a. or adv. [It. incognito, masc.,
incognita, fem., L. incognitus unknown; pref. in- not +
cognitus known, p. p. of cognoscere: cf. F. incognito, fr.
{It}. See {Cognition}.]
Without being known; in disguise; in an assumed character, or
under an assumed title; -- said esp. of great personages who
sometimes adopt a disguise or an assumed character in order
to avoid notice.
'T was long ago Since gods come down incognito.
--Prior.
The prince royal of Persia came thither incognito.
--Tatler.
Incognito \In*cog"ni*to\, n.; pl. {Incognitos}. [See
{Incognito}, a.]
1. One unknown or in disguise, or under an assumed character
or name.
2. The assumption of disguise or of a feigned character; the
state of being in disguise or not recognized.
His incognito was endangered. --Sir W.
Scott.
Incognizable \In*cog"ni*za*ble\, a.
Not cognizable; incapable of being recognized, known, or
distinguished. --H. Spenser.
The Lettish race, not a primitive stock of the Slavi,
but a distinct branch, now become incognizable.
--Tooke.
Incognizance \In*cog"ni*zance\, n.
Failure to cognize, apprehended, or notice.
This incognizance may be explained. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
Incognizant \In*cog"ni*zant\, a.
Not cognizant; failing to apprehended or notice.
Of the several operations themselves, as acts of
volition, we are wholly incognizant. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
Incognoscible \In`cog*nos"ci*ble\, a.
Incognizable. -- {In`cog*nos"ci*bil"i*ty}, n.
Incoherence \In`co*her"ence\, Incoherency \In`co*her"en*cy\, n.
[Cf. F. incoh['e]rence.]
1. The quality or state of being incoherent; want of
coherence; want of cohesion or adherence. --Boyle.
2. Want of connection; incongruity; inconsistency; want of
agreement or dependence of one part on another; as, the
incoherence of arguments, facts, etc.
Incoherences in matter, and suppositions without
proofs, put handsomely together, are apt to pass for
strong reason. --Locke.
3. That which is incoherent.
Crude incoherencies . . . and nauseous tautologies.
--South.
Incoherent \In`co*her"ent\, a. [Pref. in- not + coherent: cf. F.
incoh['e]rent.]
1. Not coherent; wanting cohesion; loose; unconnected;
physically disconnected; not fixed to each; -- said of
material substances. --Woodward.
2. Wanting coherence or agreement; incongruous; inconsistent;
having no dependence of one part on another; logically
disconnected. ``The same rambling, incoherent manner.''
--Bp. Warburton.
Incoherentific \In`co*her`en*tif"ic\, a. [E. incoherent + L.
facere to make.]
Causing incoherence. [R.]
Incoherently \In`co*her"ent*ly\, adv.
In an incoherent manner; without due connection of parts.
Incoherentness \In`co*her"ent*ness\, n.
Incoherence.
Incoincidence \In`co*in"ci*dence\, n.
The quality of being incoincident; want of coincidence. [R.]
Incoincident \In`co*in"ci*dent\, a.
Not coincident; not agreeing in time, in place, or principle.
Incolumity \In`co*lu"mi*ty\, n. [L. incolumitas, fr. incolumis
uninjured, safe; perh. fr. in intens. + (doubtful) columis
safe.]
Safety; security. [Obs.] --Howell.
Incomber \In*com"ber\, v. t.
See {Encumber}.
Incombine \In`com*bine"\, v. i.
To be incapable of combining; to disagree; to differ. [Obs.]
--Milton.
Incombustibility \In`com*bus`ti*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
incombustilit['e].]
The quality of being incombustible.
Incombustible \In`com*bus"ti*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
combustible: cf. F. incombustible.]
Not combustible; not capable of being burned, decomposed, or
consumed by fire; uninflammable; as, asbestus is an
incombustible substance; carbon dioxide is an incombustible
gas.
{Incombustible cloth}, a tissue of amianthus or asbestus;
also, a fabric imbued with an incombustible substance. --
{In`com*bus"ti*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`com*bus"ti*bly}, adv.
Income \In"come\, n.
1. A coming in; entrance; admittance; ingress; infusion.
[Obs.] --Shak.
More abundant incomes of light and strength from
God. --Bp. Rust.
At mine income I louted low. --Drant.
2. That which is caused to enter; inspiration; influence;
hence, courage or zeal imparted. [R.]
I would then make in and steep My income in their
blood. --Chapman.
3. That gain which proceeds from labor, business, property,
or capital of any kind, as the produce of a farm, the rent
of houses, the proceeds of professional business, the
profits of commerce or of occupation, or the interest of
money or stock in funds, etc.; revenue; receipts; salary;
especially, the annual receipts of a private person, or a
corporation, from property; as, a large income.
No fields afford So large an income to the village
lord. --Dryden.
4. (Physiol.) That which is taken into the body as food; the
ingesta; -- sometimes restricted to the nutritive, or
digestible, portion of the food. See {Food}. Opposed to
{output}.
{Income bond}, a bond issued on the income of the corporation
or company issuing it, and the interest of which is to be
paid from the earnings of the company before any dividends
are made to stockholders; -- issued chiefly or exclusively
by railroad companies.
{Income tax}, a tax upon a person's incomes, emoluments,
profits, etc., or upon the excess beyond a certain amount.
Syn: Gain; profit; proceeds; salary; revenue; receipts;
interest; emolument; produce.
Incomer \In"com`er\, n.
1. One who comes in.
Outgoers and incomers. --Lew Wallace.
2. One who succeeds another, as a tenant of land, houses,
etc. [Eng.]
Incoming \In"com`ing\, a.
1. Coming in; accruing.
A full incoming profit on the product of his labor.
--Burke.
2. Coming in, succeeding, or following, as occupant or
possessor; as, in incoming tenant.
Incoming \In"com`ing\, n.
1. The act of coming in; arrival.
The incomings and outgoings of the trains.
--Dickens.
2. Income; gain. [R.]
Many incomings are subject to great fluctuations.
--Tooke.
Incomity \In*com"i*ty\, n.
Want of comity; incivility; rudeness. [R.]
In commendam \In com*men"dam\ [See {Commendam}.] (Law)
See {Commendam}, and {Partnership in Commendam}, under
{Partnership}.
Incommensurability \In`com*men`su*ra*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
incommensurabilit['e].]
The quality or state of being incommensurable. --Reid.
Incommensurable \In`com*men"su*ra*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
commensurable: cf. F. incommensurable.]
Not commensurable; having no common measure or standard of
comparison; as, quantities are incommensurable when no third
quantity can be found that is an aliquot part of both; the
side and diagonal of a square are incommensurable with each
other; the diameter and circumference of a circle are
incommensurable.
They are quantities incommensurable. --Burke.
-- {In`com*men"su*ra*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`com*men"su*ra*bly},
adv.
Incommensurable \In`com*men"su*ra*ble\, n.
One of two or more quantities which have no common measure.
Incommensurate \In`com*men"su*rate\, a.
1. Not commensurate; not admitting of a common measure;
incommensurable.
2. Not of equal of sufficient measure or extent; not
adequate; as, our means are incommensurate to our wants.
Syn: Inadequate; insufficient; disproportionate. --
{In`com*men"su*rate*ly}, adv. --
{In`com*men"su*rate*ness}, n.
Incommiscible \In`com*mis"ci*ble\, a. [L. incommiscibilis; pref.
in- not + commiscibilis that can be mingled.]
Not commiscible; not mixable.
Incommixture \In`com*mix"ture\ (?; 135), n.
A state of being unmixed; separateness. --Sir T. Browne.
Incommodate \In*com"mo*date\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Incommodated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Incommodating}.] [L.
incommodare. See {Incommode}.]
To incommode. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Incommodation \In*com`mo*da"tion\, n.
The state of being incommoded; inconvenience. [Obs.]
Incommode \In`com*mode"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incommoded}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Incommoding}.] [F. incommoder, L. incommodare
inconvenient; pref. in- not + commodus convenient. See
{Commodious}.]
To give inconvenience or trouble to; to disturb or molest; to
discommode; to worry; to put out; as, we are incommoded by
want of room.
Syn: To annoy; disturb; trouble; molest; disaccomodate;
inconvenience; disquiet; vex; plague.
Incommode \In`com*mode"\, n.
An inconvenience. [R.] --Strype.
Incommodement \In`com*mode"ment\, n.
The act of incommoded. [Obs.] --Cheyne.
Incommodious \In`com*mo"di*ous\, a. [Pref. in- not + commodious:
cf. LL. incommodious, L. incommodus, F. incommode.]
Tending to incommode; not commodious; not affording ease or
advantage; unsuitable; giving trouble; inconvenient;
annoying; as, an incommodious seat; an incommodious
arrangement. -- {In`com*mo"di*ous*ly}, adv. --
{In`com*mo"di*ous*ness}, n.
Incommodity \In`com*mo"di*ty\, n.; pl. {Incommodities}. [L.
incommoditas: cf. F. incommodit['e]. See {Incommodious}.]
Inconvenience; trouble; annoyance; disadvantage; encumbrance.
[Archaic] --Bunyan.
A great incommodity to the body. --Jer. Taylor.
Buried him under a bulk of incommodities. --Hawthorne.
Incommunicability \In`com*mu`ni*ca*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
incommunicabilit['e].]
The quality or state of being incommunicable, or incapable of
being imparted.
Incommunicable \In`com*mu"ni*ca*ble\, a. [L. incommunicabilis:
cf. F. incommunicable. See {In-} not, and {Communicable}.]
Not communicable; incapable of being communicated, shared,
told, or imparted, to others.
Health and understanding are incommunicable. --Southey.
Those incommunicable relations of the divine love.
--South.
-- {In`com*mu"ni*ca*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`com*mu"ni*ca*bly},
adv.
Incommunicated \In`com*mu"ni*ca`ted\, a.
Not communicated or imparted. [Obs.] --Dr. H. More.
Incommunicating \In`com*mu"ni*ca`ting\, a.
Having no communion or intercourse with each other. [Obs.]
--Sir M. Hale.
Incommunicative \In`com*mu"ni*ca*tive\, a.
Not communicative; not free or apt to impart to others in
conversation; reserved; silent; as, the messenger was
incommunicative; hence, not disposed to hold fellowship or
intercourse with others; exclusive.
The Chinese . . . an incommunicative nation. --C.
Buchanan.
-- {In`com*mu"ni*ca*tive*ly}, adv. --
{In`com*mu"ni*ca*tive*ness}, n. --Lamb.
His usual incommunicativeness. --G. Eliot.
Incommutability \In`com*mu`ta*bil"i*ty\, n. [L.
incommutabilitas: cf. F. incommutabilit['e].]
The quality or state of being incommutable.
Incommutable \In`com*mut"a*ble\, a. [L. incommutabilis: cf. F.
incommutable. See {In-} not, and {Commutable}.]
Not commutable; not capable of being exchanged with, or
substituted for, another. --Cudworth. --
{In`com*mut"a*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`com*mut"a*bly}, adv.
Incompact \In`com*pact"\, Incompacted \In`com*pact"ed\, a.
Not compact; not having the parts firmly united; not solid;
incoherent; loose; discrete. --Boyle.
Incomparable \In*com"pa*ra*ble\, a. [L. incomparabilis: cf. F.
incomparable. See {In-} not, and {Comparable}.]
Not comparable; admitting of no comparison with others;
unapproachably eminent; without a peer or equal; matchless;
peerless; transcendent.
A merchant of incomparable wealth. --Shak.
A new hypothesis . . . which hath the incomparable Sir
Isaac Newton for a patron. --Bp.
Warburton.
-- {In*com"pa*ra*ble*ness}, n. -- {In*com"pa*ra*bly}, adv.
Delights incomparably all those corporeal things. --Bp.
Wilkins.
Incompared \In`com*pared"\, a.
Peerless; incomparable. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Incompass \In*com"pass\, v. t.
See {Encompass}.
Incompassion \In`com*pas"sion\, n. [Pref. in- not + compassion:
cf. F. incompassion.]
Want of compassion or pity. [Obs.] --Bp. Sanderson.
Incompassionate \In`com*pas"sion*ate\, a.
Not compassionate; void of pity or of tenderness;
remorseless. -- {In`com*pas"sion*ate*ly}, adv. --
{In`com*pas"sion*ate*ness}, n.
Incompatibility \In`com*pat`i*bil"i*ty\, n.; pl. {-ties}. [Cf.
F. incompatibilit['e].]
The quality or state of being incompatible; inconsistency;
irreconcilableness.
Incompatible \In`com*pat"i*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + compatible:
cf. F. incompatible.] [It was formerly sometimes written
{incompetible}.]
1. Not compatible; so differing as to be incapable of
harmonious combination or coexistence; inconsistent in
thought or being; irreconcilably disagreeing; as, persons
of incompatible tempers; incompatible colors, desires,
ambition.
A strength and obduracy of character incompatible
with his meek and innocent nature. --Southey.
2. (Chem.) Incapable of being together without mutual
reaction or decomposition, as certain medicines.
{Incompatible terms} (Logic), terms which can not be combined
in thought.
Syn: Inconsistent; incongruous; dissimilar; irreconcilable;
unsuitable; disagreeing; inharmonious; discordant;
repugnant; contradictory. See {Inconsistent}.
Incompatible \In`com*pat"i*ble\, n. (Med. & Chem.)
An incompatible substance; esp., in pl., things which can not
be placed or used together because of a change of chemical
composition or of opposing medicinal qualities; as, the
incompatibles of iron.
Incompatibleness \In`com*pat"i*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being incompatible; incompatibility.
Incompatibly \In`com*pat"i*bly\, adv.
In an incompatible manner; inconsistently; incongruously.
Incompetence \In*com"pe*tence\, Incompetency \In*com"pe*tency\,
n. [Cf. F. incomp['e]tence.]
1. The quality or state of being incompetent; want of
physical, intellectual, or moral ability; insufficiency;
inadequacy; as, the incompetency of a child hard labor, or
of an idiot for intellectual efforts. ``Some inherent
incompetency.'' --Gladstone.
2. (Law) Want of competency or legal fitness; incapacity;
disqualification, as of a person to be heard as a witness,
or to act as a juror, or of a judge to try a cause.
Syn: Inability; insufficiency; inadequacy; disqualification;
incapability; unfitness.
Incompetent \In*com"pe*tent\, a. [L. incompetens: cf. F.
incomp['e]tent. See {In-} not, and {Competent}.]
1. Not competent; wanting in adequate strength, power,
capacity, means, qualifications, or the like; incapable;
unable; inadequate; unfit.
Incompetent to perform the duties of the place.
--Macaulay.
2. (Law) Wanting the legal or constitutional qualifications;
inadmissible; as, a person professedly wanting in
religious belief is an incompetent witness in a court of
law or equity; incompetent evidence.
Richard III. had a resolution, out of hatred to his
brethren, to disable their issues, upon false and
incompetent pretexts, the one of attainder, the
other of illegitimation. --Bacon.
3. Not lying within one's competency, capacity, or authorized
power; not permissible.
Syn: Incapable; unable; inadequate; insufficient;
inefficient; disqualified; unfit; improper.
Usage: {Incompetent}, {Incapable}. Incompetent is a relative
term, denoting a want of the requisite qualifications
for performing a given act, service, etc.; incapable
is absolute in its meaning, denoting want of power,
either natural or moral. We speak of a man as
incompetent to a certain task, of an incompetent
judge, etc. We say of an idiot that he is incapable of
learning to read; and of a man distinguished for his
honor, that he is incapable of a mean action.
Incompetently \In*com"pe*tent*ly\, adv.
In an competent manner; inadequately; unsuitably.
Incompetibility \In`com*pet`i*bil"i*ty\, n.
See {Incompatibility}.
Incompetible \In`com*pet"i*ble\, a.
See {Incompatible}.
Incomplete \In`com*plete"\, a. [L. incompletus: cf. F.
incomplet. See {In-} not, and {Complete}.]
1. Not complete; not filled up; not finished; not having all
its parts, or not having them all adjusted; imperfect;
defective.
A most imperfect and incomplete divine. --Milton.
2. (Bot.) Wanting any of the usual floral organs; -- said of
a flower.
{Incomplete equation} (Alg.), an equation some of whose terms
are wanting; or one in which the coefficient of some one
or more of the powers of the unknown quantity is equal to
0.
Incompletely \In`com*plete"ly\, adv.
In an incomplete manner.
Incompleteness \In`com*plete"ness\, n.
The state of being incomplete; imperfectness; defectiveness.
--Boyle.
Incompletion \In`com*ple"tion\, n.
Want of completion; incompleteness. --Smart.
Incomplex \In`com*plex"\, a. [Pref. in- not + complex: cf. F.
incomplexe.]
Not complex; uncompounded; simple. --Barrow.
Incompliable \In`com*pli"a*ble\, a.
Not compliable; not conformable.
Incompliance \In`com*pli"ance\, n.
1. The quality or state of being incompliant; unyielding
temper; obstinacy.
Self-conceit produces peevishness and incompliance
of humor in things lawful and indifferent.
--Tillotson.
2. Refusal or failure to comply. --Strype.
Incompliant \In`com*pli"ant\, a.
Not compliant; unyielding to request, solicitation, or
command; stubborn. -- {In`com*pli"ant*ly}, adv.
Incomposed \In`com*posed"\, a.
Disordered; disturbed. [Obs.] --Milton. --
{In`com*po"sed*ly}, adv. [Obs.] -- {In`com*pos"ed*ness}, n.
[Obs.]
Incomposite \In`com*pos"ite\, a. [L. incompositus. See
{Composite}.]
Not composite; uncompounded; simple.
{Incomposite numbers}. See {Prime numbers}, under {Prime}.
Incompossible \In`com*pos"si*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
compossible: cf. F. incompossible.]
Not capable of joint existence; incompatible; inconsistent.
[Obs.]
Ambition and faith . . . are . . . incompossible.
--Jer. Taylor.
-- {In`com*pos`si*bil"i*ty}, n. [Obs.]
Incomprehense \In*com`pre*hense"\, a. [L. incomprehensus.]
Incomprehensible. [Obs.] ``Incomprehense in virtue.''
--Marston.
Incomprehensibility \In*com`pre*hen`si*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
incompr['e]hensibilit['e].]
The quality of being incomprehensible, or beyond the reach of
human intellect; incomprehensibleness; inconceivability;
inexplicability.
The constant, universal sense of all antiquity
unanimously confessing an incomprehensibility in many
of the articles of the Christian faith. --South.
Incomprehensible \In*com`pre*hen"si*ble\, a. [L.
incomprehensibilis: cf. F. incompr['e]hensible. See {In-}
not, and {Comprehensible}.]
1. Not capable of being contained within limits.
An infinite and incomprehensible substance.
--Hooker.
2. Not capable of being comprehended or understood; beyond
the reach of the human intellect; inconceivable.
And all her numbered stars that seem to roll Spaces
incomprehensible. --Milton.
-- {In*com`pre*hen"si*ble*ness}, n. --
{In*com`pre*hen"si*bly}, adv.
Incomprehension \In*com`pre*hen"sion\, n.
Want of comprehension or understanding. ``These mazes and
incomprehensions.'' --Bacon.
Incomprehensive \In*com`pre*hen"sive\, a.
Not comprehensive; not capable of including or of
understanding; not extensive; limited. --
{In*com`pre*hen"sive*ly}, a. --Sir W. Hamilton. --
{In*com`pre*hen"sive*ness}, n. --T. Warton.
Incompressibility \In`com*press`i*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
incompressibilit['e].]
The quality of being incompressible, or incapable of
reduction in volume by pressure; -- formerly supposed to be a
property of liquids.
The incompressibility of water is not absolute. --Rees.
Incompressible \In`com*press"i*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
compressible: cf. F. incompressible.]
Not compressible; incapable of being reduced by force or
pressure into a smaller compass or volume; resisting
compression; as, many liquids and solids appear to be almost
incompressible. -- {In`com*press"i*ble*ness}, n.
Incomputable \In`com*put"a*ble\, a.
Not computable.
Inconcealable \In`con*ceal"a*ble\, a.
Not concealable. ``Inconcealable imperfections.'' --Sir T.
Browne.
Inconceivability \In`con*ceiv`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being inconceivable; inconceivableness.
The inconceivability of the Infinite. --Mansel.
Inconceivable \In`con*ceiv"a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
conceivable: cf. F. inconcevable.]
Not conceivable; incapable of being conceived by the mind;
not explicable by the human intellect, or by any known
principles or agencies; incomprehensible; as, it is
inconceivable to us how the will acts in producing muscular
motion.
It is inconceivable to me that a spiritual substance
should represent an extended figure. --Locke.
-- {In`con*ceiv"a*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`con*ceiv"a*bly}, adv.
The inconceivableness of a quality existing without any
subject to possess it. --A. Tucker.
Inconceptible \In`con*cep"ti*ble\, a.
Inconceivable. [Obs.] --Sir M. Hale.
Inconcerning \In`con*cern"ing\, a.
Unimportant; trifling. [Obs.] ``Trifling and inconcerning
matters.'' --Fuller.
Inconcinne \In`con*cinne"\, a. [See {Inconcinnous}.]
Dissimilar; incongruous; unsuitable. [Obs.] --Cudworth.
Inconcinnity \In`con*cin"ni*ty\, n. [L. inconcinnitas.]
Want of concinnity or congruousness; unsuitableness.
There is an inconcinnity in admitting these words.
--Trench.
Inconcinnous \In`con*cin"nous\, a. [L. inconcinnus. See {In-}
not, and {Concinnity}.]
Not concinnous; unsuitable; discordant. [Obs.] --Cudworth.
Inconcludent \In`con*clud"ent\, a.
Not inferring a conclusion or consequence; not conclusive.
[Obs.]
Inconcluding \In`con*clud"ing\, a.
Inferring no consequence. [Obs.]
Inconclusive \In`con*clu"sive\, a.
Not conclusive; leading to no conclusion; not closing or
settling a point in debate, or a doubtful question; as,
evidence is inconclusive when it does not exhibit the truth
of a disputed case in such a manner as to satisfy the mind,
and put an end to debate or doubt.
Arguments . . . inconclusive and impertinent. --South.
-- {In`con*clu"sive*ly}, adv. -- {In`con*clu"sive*ness}, n.
Inconcoct \In`con*coct"\, a. [L. pref. in- not + concoctus, p.
p. of concoquere. See {Concoct}.]
Inconcocted. [Obs.]
Inconcocted \In`con*coct"ed\, a. [Pref. in- not + concocted.]
Imperfectly digested, matured, or ripened. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Inconcoction \In`con*coc"tion\, n.
The state of being undigested; unripeness; immaturity. [Obs.]
--Bacon.
Inconcrete \In*con"crete\, a. [L. inconcretus incorporeal.]
Not concrete. [R.] --L. Andrews.
Inconcurring \In`con*cur"ring\, a.
Not concurring; disagreeing. [R.] --Sir T. Browne.
Inconcussible \In`con*cus"si*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + L.
concussibilis that can be shaken. See {Concussion}.]
Not concussible; that cannot be shaken.
Incondensability \In`con*den`sa*bil"i*ty\, Incondensibility
\In`con*den`si*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being incondensable.
Incondensable \In`con*den"sa*ble\, Incondensible
\In`con*den"si*ble\, a.
Not condensable; incapable of being made more dense or
compact, or reduced to liquid form.
Incondite \In"con*dite\ (?; 277), a. [L. inconditus; pref. in-
not + conditus, p. p. of condere to put or join together. See
{Condition}.]
Badly put together; inartificial; rude; unpolished;
irregular. ``Carol incondite rhymes.'' --J. Philips.
Inconditional \In`con*di"tion*al\, a. [Pref. in- not +
conditional: cf. F. inconditionnel.]
Unconditional. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Inconditionate \In`con*di"tion*ate\, a. [Pref. in- not +
conditionate: cf. F. inconditionn['e].]
Not conditioned; not limited; absolute. [Obs.] --Boyle.
Inconform \In`con*form"\, a. [Pref. in- not + conform.]
Unconformable. [Obs.] --Gauden.
Inconformable \In`con*form"a*ble\, a.
Unconformable. [Obs.]
Inconformity \In`con*form"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. inconformit['e].]
Want of conformity; nonconformity. [Obs.]
Inconfused \In`con*fused"\, a.
Not confused; distinct. [Obs.]
Inconfusion \In`con*fu"sion\n.
Freedom from confusion; distinctness. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Inconfutable \In`con*fut"a*ble\, a.
Not confutable. -- {In`con*fut"a*bly}, adv. [Obs.] --Jer.
Taylor.
Incongealable \In`con*geal"a*ble\, a. [L. incongelabilis. See
{Congeal}.]
Not congealable; incapable of being congealed. --
{In`con*geal"a*ble*ness}, n.
Incongenial \In`con*gen"ial\, a.
Not congenial; uncongenial. [R.] -- {In`con*ge`ni*al"i*ty}.
[R.]
Incongruence \In*con"gru*ence\, n. [L. incongruentia.]
Want of congruence; incongruity. --Boyle.
Incongruent \In*con"gru*ent\, a. [L. incongruens. See {In-} not,
and {Congruent}.]
Incongruous. --Sir T. Elyot.
Incongruity \In`con*gru"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Incongruities}. [Pref.
in- not + congruity: cf. F. incongruit['e].]
1. The quality or state of being incongruous; want of
congruity; unsuitableness; inconsistency; impropriety.
The fathers make use of this acknowledgment of the
incongruity of images to the Deity, from thence to
prove the incongruity of the worship of them. --Bp.
Stillingfleet.
2. Disagreement of parts; want of symmetry or of harmony.
[Obs.]
3. That which is incongruous; want of congruity.
Incongruous \In*con"gru*ous\, a. [L. incongruus. See {In-} not,
and {Congruous}.]
Not congruous; reciprocally disagreeing; not capable of
harmonizing or readily assimilating; inharmonious;
inappropriate; unsuitable; not fitting; inconsistent;
improper; as, an incongruous remark; incongruous behavior,
action, dress, etc. ``Incongruous mixtures of opinions.''
--I. Taylor. ``Made up of incongruous parts.'' --Macaulay.
Incongruous denotes that kind of absence of harmony or
suitableness of which the taste and experience of men
takes cognizance. --C. J. Smith.
{Incongruous numbers} (Arith.), two numbers, which, with
respect to a third, are such that their difference can not
be divided by it without a remainder, the two numbers
being said to be incongruous with respect to the third;
as, twenty-five are incongruous with respect to four.
Syn: Inconsistent; unsuitable; inharmonious; disagreeing;
absurd; inappropriate; unfit; improper. See
{Inconsistent}. -- {In*con"gru*ous*ly}, adv. --
{In*con"gru*ous*ness}, n.
Inconnected \In`con*nect"ed\, a.
Not connected; disconnected. [R.] --Bp. Warburton.
Inconnection \In`con*nec"tion\, n.
Disconnection.
Inconnexedly \In`con*nex"ed*ly\, adv. [Pref. in- not + connexed
(p. p. of connex) + -ly.]
Not connectedly; without connection. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Inconscionable \In*con"scion*a*ble\, a.
Unconscionable. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Inconscious \In*con"scious\, a.
Unconscious. [Obs.]
Inconsecutiveness \In`con*sec"u*tive*ness\, n.
The state or quality of not being consecutive. --J. H.
Newman.
Inconsequence \In*con"se*quence\, n. [L. inconsequentia: cf. F.
incons['e]quence.]
The quality or state of being inconsequent; want of just or
logical inference or argument; inconclusiveness. --Bp.
Stillingfleet.
Strange, that you should not see the inconsequence of
your own reasoning! --Bp. Hurd.
Inconsequent \In*con"se*quent\, a. [L. inconsequens: cf. F.
incons['e]quent. See {In-} not, and {Consequent}.]
Not following from the premises; not regularly inferred;
invalid; not characterized by logical method; illogical;
arbitrary; inconsistent; of no consequence.
Loose and inconsequent conjectures. --Sir T.
Browne.
Inconsequential \In*con`se*quen"tial\, a.
Not regularly following from the premises; hence, irrelevant;
unimportant; of no consequence. --Chesterfield. --
{In*con`se*quen"tial*ly}, adv.
Inconsequentiality \In*con`se*quen`ti*al"i*ty\, n.
The state of being inconsequential.
Inconsequentness \In*con"se*quent*ness\, n.
Inconsequence.
Inconsiderable \In`con*sid"er*a*ble\, a.
Not considerable; unworthy of consideration or notice;
unimportant; small; trivial; as, an inconsiderable distance;
an inconsiderable quantity, degree, value, or sum. ``The
baser scum and inconsiderable dregs of Rome.'' --Stepney. --
{In`con*sid"er*a*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`con*sid"er*a*bly}, adv.
Inconsideracy \In`con*sid"er*a*cy\, n.
Inconsiderateness; thoughtlessness. [Obs.] --Chesterfield.
Inconsiderate \In`con*sid"er*ate\, a. [L. inconsideratus. See
{In-} not, and {Considerate}.]
1. Not considerate; not attentive to safety or to propriety;
not regarding the rights or feelings of others; hasty;
careless; thoughtless; heedless; as, the young are
generally inconsiderate; inconsiderate conduct.
It is a very unhappy token of our corruption, that
ther? should be any so inconsiderate among us as to
sacrifice morality to politics. --Addison.
2. Inconsiderable. [Obs.] --E. Terry.
Syn: Thoughtless; inattentive; inadvertent; heedless;
negligent; improvident; careless; imprudent; indiscreet;
incautious; injudicious; rash; hasty.
Inconsiderately \In`con*sid"er*ate*ly\, adv.
In an inconsiderate manner.
Inconsiderateness \In`con*sid"er*ate*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being inconsiderate. --Tillotson.
Inconsideration \In`con*sid`er*a"tion\, n. [L. inconsideratio:
cf. F. inconsid['e]ration.]
Want of due consideration; inattention to consequences;
inconsiderateness.
Blindness of mind, inconsideration, precipitation.
--Jer. Taylor.
Not gross, willful, deliberate, crimes; but rather the
effects of inconsideration. --Sharp.
Inconsistence \In`con*sist"ence\, n.
Inconsistency.
Inconsistency \In`con*sist"en*cy\, n.; pl. {Inconsistencies}.
[Cf. F. inconsistance.]
1. The quality or state of being inconsistent; discordance in
respect to sentiment or action; such contrariety between
two things that both can not exist or be true together;
disagreement; incompatibility.
There is a perfect inconsistency between that which
is of debt and that which is of free gift. --South.
2. Absurdity in argument ore narration; incoherence or
irreconcilability in the parts of a statement, argument,
or narration; that which is inconsistent.
If a man would register all his opinions upon love,
politics, religion, and learning, what a bundle of
inconsistencies and contradictions would appear at
last! --Swift.
3. Want of stability or uniformity; unsteadiness;
changeableness; variableness.
Mutability of temper, and inconsistency with
ourselves, is the greatest weakness of human nature.
--Addison.
Inconsistent \In`con*sist"ent\, a. [Pref. in- not + consistent:
cf. F. inconsistant.]
1. Not consistent; showing inconsistency; irreconcilable;
discordant; at variance, esp. as regards character,
sentiment, or action; incompatible; incongruous;
contradictory.
Compositions of this nature . . . show that wisdom and
virtue are far from being inconsistent with politeness and
good humor. --Addison.
2. Not exhibiting uniformity of sentiment, steadiness to
principle, etc.; unequal; fickle; changeable.
Ah, how unjust to nature, and himself, Is
thoughtless, thankless, inconsistent man. --Young.
Syn: Incompatible; incongruous; irreconcilable; discordant;
repugnant; contradictory.
Usage: {Inconsistent}, {Incongruous}, {Incompatible}. Things
are incongruous when they are not suited to each
other, so that their union is unbecoming; inconsistent
when they are opposed to each other, so as render it
improper or wrong; incompatible when they can not
coexist, and it is therefore impossible to unite them.
Habitual levity of mind is incongruous with the
profession of a clergyman; it is inconsistent with his
ordination vows; it is incompatible with his permanent
usefulness. Incongruity attaches to the modes and
qualities of things; incompatibility attaches to their
essential attributes; inconsistency attaches to the
actions, sentiments, etc., of men.
Inconsistently \In`con*sist"ent*ly\, adv.
In an inconsistent manner.
Inconsistentness \In`con*sist"ent*ness\, n.
Inconsistency. [R.]
Inconsisting \In`con*sist"ing\, a.
Inconsistent. [Obs.]
Inconsolable \In`con*sol"a*ble\, a. [L. inconsolabilis: cf. F.
inconsolable. See {In-} not, and {Console}.]
Not consolable; incapable of being consoled; grieved beyond
susceptibility of comfort; disconsolate. --Dryden.
With inconsolable distress she griev'd, And from her
cheek the rose of beauty fied. --Falconer.
-- {In`con*sol"a*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`con*sol"a*bly}, adv.
Inconsonance \In*con"so*nance\, Inconsonancy \In*con"so*nan*cy\,
n.
Want of consonance or harmony of sound, action, or thought;
disagreement.
Inconsonant \In*con"so*nant\, a. [L. inconsonans. See {In-} not,
and {Consonant}.]
Not consonant or agreeing; inconsistent; discordant. --
{In*con"so*nant*ly}, adv.
Inconspicuous \In`con*spic"u*ous\, a. [L. inconspicuus. See
{In-} not, and {Conspicuous}.]
Not conspicuous or noticeable; hardly discernible. --
{In`con*spic"u*ous*ly}, adv. -- {In`con*spic"u*ous*ness}, n.
--Boyle.
Inconstance \In*con"stance\, n. [F. See {Inconstancy}.]
Inconstancy. --Chaucer.
Inconstancy \In*con"stan*cy\, n. [L. inconstantia.]
The quality or state of being inconstant; want of constancy;
mutability; fickleness; variableness.
For unto knight there was no greater shame, Than
lightness and inconstancie in love. --Spenser.
Inconstant \In*con"stant\, a. [L. inconstans: cf. F. inconstant.
See {In-} not, and {Constant}.]
Not constant; not stable or uniform; subject to change of
character, appearance, opinion, inclination, or purpose,
etc.; not firm; unsteady; fickle; changeable; variable; --
said of persons or things; as, inconstant in love or
friendship. ``The inconstant moon.'' --Shak.
While we, inquiring phantoms of a day, Inconstant as
the shadows we survey! --Boyse.
Syn: Mutable; fickle; volatile; unsteady; unstable;
changeable; variable; wavering; fluctuating.
Inconstantly \In*con"stant*ly\, adv.
In an inconstant manner.
Incomsumable \In`com*sum"a*ble\, a.
Not consumable; incapable of being consumed, wasted, or
spent. --Paley. -- {In`con*sum"a*bly}, adv.
Inconsummate \In`con*sum"mate\, a. [L. inconsummatus. See {In-}
not, and {Consummate}.]
Not consummated; not finished; incomplete. --Sir M. Hale. --
{In`con*sum"mate*ness}, n.
Inconsumptible \In`con*sump"ti*ble\, a. [L. inconsumptibilis.]
Inconsumable. [Obs.] --Sir K. Digby.
Incontaminate \In`con*tam"i*nate\, a. [L. incontamina?us. See
{In-} not, and not, and {Contaminate}.]
Not contaminated; pure. --Moore. -- {In`con*tam"i*nate*ness},
n.
Incontentation \In*con`ten*ta"tion\, n. [See {In-} not, and
{Content}.]
Discontent. [Obs.] --Goodwin.
Incontestability \In`con*test`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being incontestable.
Incontestable \In`con*test"a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
contestable: cf. F. incontestable.]
Not contestable; not to be disputed; that cannot be called in
question or controverted; incontrovertible; indisputable; as,
incontestable evidence, truth, or facts. --Locke.
Syn: Incontrovertible; indisputable; irrefragable;
undeniable; unquestionable; intuitable; certain. --
{In`con*test"a*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`con*test"a*bly},
adv.
Incontested \In`con*test"ed\, a.
Not contested. --Addison.
Incontiguous \In`con*tig"u*ous\, a. [L. incontiguus that can not
be touched. See {In-} not, and {Contiguous}.]
Not contiguous; not adjoining or in contact; separate.
--Boyle. -- {In`con*tig"u*ous*ly}, adv.
Incontinence \In*con"ti*nence\, Incontinency \In*con"ti*nen*cy\,
n. [L. incontinentia: cf. F. incontinence.]
1. Incapacity to hold; hence, incapacity to hold back or
restrain; the quality or state of being incontinent; want
of continence; failure to restrain the passions or
appetites; indulgence of lust; lewdness.
That Satan tempt you not for your incontinency. --1
Cor. vii. 5.
From the rash hand of bold incontinence. --Milton.
2. (Med.) The inability of any of the animal organs to
restrain the natural evacuations, so that the discharges
are involuntary; as, incontinence of urine.
Incontinent \In*con"ti*nent\, a. [L. incontinens: cf. F.
incontinent. See {In-} not, and {Continent}.]
1. Not continent; uncontrolled; not restraining the passions
or appetites, particularly the sexual appetite; indulging
unlawful lust; unchaste; lewd.
2. (Med.) Unable to restrain natural evacuations.
Incontinent \In*con"ti*nent\, n.
One who is unchaste. --B. Jonson.
Incontinent \In*con"ti*nent\, adv. [Cf. F. incontinent.]
Incontinently; instantly immediately. [Obs.]
He says he will return incontinent. --Shak.
Incontinently \In*con"ti*nent*ly\, adv.
1. In an incontinent manner; without restraint, or without
due restraint; -- used esp. of the passions or appetites.
2. Immediately; at once; forthwith. [Archaic]
Immediately he sent word to Athens that he would
incontinently come hither with a host of men.
--Golding.
Incontracted \In`con*tract"ed\, a.
Uncontracted. [Obs.] --Blackwall.
Incontrollable \In`con*trol"la*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
controllable: cf. F. incontr[^o]lable.]
Not controllable; uncontrollable. -- {In`con*trol"la*bly},
adv. --South.
Incontrovertibility \In*con`tro*ver`ti*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or condition of being incontrovertible.
Incontrovertible \In*con`tro*ver"ti*ble\, a.
Not controvertible; too clear or certain to admit of dispute;
indisputable. --Sir T. Browne. --
{In*con`tro*ver"ti*ble*ness}, n. -- {In*con`tro*ver"ti*bly},
adv.
Inconvenience \In`con*ven"ience\, n. [L. inconvenientia
inconsistency: cf. OF. inconvenience.]
1. The quality or condition of being inconvenient; want of
convenience; unfitness; unsuitableness; inexpediency;
awkwardness; as, the inconvenience of the arrangement.
They plead against the inconvenience, not the
unlawfulness, . . . of ceremonies in burial.
--Hooker.
2. That which gives trouble, embarrassment, or uneasiness;
disadvantage; anything that disturbs quiet, impedes
prosperity, or increases the difficulty of action or
success; as, one inconvenience of life is poverty.
A place upon the top of Mount Athos above all clouds
of rain, or other inconvenience. --Sir W.
Raleigh.
Man is liable to a great many inconveniences.
--Tillotson.
Syn: Incommodiousness; awkwardness; disadvantage; disquiet;
uneasiness; disturbance; annoyance.
Inconvenience \In`con*ven"ience\, v. t.
To put to inconvenience; to incommode; as, to inconvenience a
neighbor.
Inconveniency \In`con*ven"ien*cy\, n.
Inconvenience.
Inconvenient \In`con*ven"ient\, a. [L. inconveniens unbefitting:
cf. F. inconv['e]nient. See {In-} not, and {Convenient}.]
1. Not becoming or suitable; unfit; inexpedient.
2. Not convenient; giving trouble, uneasiness, or annoyance;
hindering progress or success; uncomfortable;
disadvantageous; incommodious; inopportune; as, an
inconvenient house, garment, arrangement, or time.
Syn: Unsuitable; uncomfortable; disaccommodating; awkward;
unseasonable; inopportune; incommodious;
disadvantageous; troublesome; cumbersome; embarrassing;
objectionable.
Inconveniently \In`con*ven"ient*ly\, adv.
In an inconvenient manner; incommodiously; unsuitably;
unseasonably.
Inconversable \In`con*vers"a*ble\, a.
Incommunicative; unsocial; reserved. [Obs.]
Inconversant \In*con"ver*sant\, a.
Not conversant; not acquainted; not versed; unfamiliar.
Inconverted \In`con*vert"ed\, a.
Not turned or changed about. [R.] --Sir T. Browne.
Inconvertibility \In`con*vert`i*bil"i*ty\, n. [L.
inconvertibilitas.]
The quality or state of being inconvertible; not capable of
being exchanged for, or converted into, something else; as,
the inconvertibility of an irredeemable currency, or of lead,
into gold.
Inconvertible \In`con*vert"i*ble\, a. [L. inconvertibilis: cf.
F. inconvertible. See {In-} not, and {Convertible}.]
Not convertible; not capable of being transmuted, changed
into, or exchanged for, something else; as, one metal is
inconvertible into another; bank notes are sometimes
inconvertible into specie. --Walsh.
Inconvertibleness \In`con*vert"i*ble*ness\, n.
Inconvertibility.
Inconvertibly \In`con*vert"i*bly\, adv.
In an inconvertible manner.
Inconvincible \In`con*vin"ci*ble\, a. [L. inconvincibilis. See
{In-} not, and {Convince}.]
Not convincible; incapable of being convinced.
None are so inconvincible as your half-witted people.
--Gov. of the
Tongue.
Inconvincibly \In`con*vin"ci*bly\, adv.
In a manner not admitting of being convinced.
Incony \In*co"ny\, a. [Cf. {Conny}, {Canny}.]
Unlearned; artless; pretty; delicate. [Obs.]
Most sweet jests! most incony vulgar wit! --Shak.
Incoordinate \In`co*["o]r"di*nate\, a.
Not co["o]rdinate.
Incoordination \In`co*["o]r`di*na"tion\, n.
Want of co["o]rdination; lack of harmonious adjustment or
action.
{Inco["o]rdination of muscular movement} (Physiol.),
irregularity in movements resulting from inharmonious
action of the muscles in consequence of loss of voluntary
control over them.
Incoronate \In*cor"o*nate\, a. [Pref. in- in + coronate.]
Crowned. [R.] --Longfellow.
Incorporal \In*cor"po*ral\, a. [L. incorporalis. See {In-} not,
and {Corporal}, and cf. {Incorporeal}.]
Immaterial; incorporeal; spiritual. [Obs.] --Sir W. Raleigh.
Incorporality \In*cor`po*ral"i*ty\, n. [L. incorporalitas: cf.
F. incorporalit['e].]
Incorporeality. [Obs.] --Bailey.
Incorporally \In*cor"po*ral*ly\, adv.
Incorporeally. [Obs.]
Incorporate \In*cor"po*rate\, a. [L. incorporatus. See {In-}
not, and {Corporate}.]
1. Not consisting of matter; not having a material body;
incorporeal; spiritual.
Moses forbore to speak of angles, and things
invisible, and incorporate. --Sir W.
Raleigh.
2. Not incorporated; not existing as a corporation; as, an
incorporate banking association.
Incorporate \In*cor"po*rate\, a. [L. incorporatus, p. p. of
incorporare to incorporate; pref. in- in + corporare to make
into a body. See {Corporate}.]
Corporate; incorporated; made one body, or united in one
body; associated; mixed together; combined; embodied.
As if our hands, our sides, voices, and minds Had been
incorporate. --Shak.
A fifteenth part of silver incorporate with gold.
--Bacon.
Incorporate \In*cor"po*rate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Incorporated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Incorporating}.]
1. To form into a body; to combine, as different ingredients.
into one consistent mass.
By your leaves, you shall not stay alone, Till holy
church incorporate two in one. --Shak.
2. To unite with a material body; to give a material form to;
to embody.
The idolaters, who worshiped their images as golds,
supposed some spirit to be incorporated therein.
--Bp.
Stillingfleet.
3. To unite with, or introduce into, a mass already formed;
as, to incorporate copper with silver; -- used with with
and into.
4. To unite intimately; to blend; to assimilate; to combine
into a structure or organization, whether material or
mental; as, to incorporate provinces into the realm; to
incorporate another's ideas into one's work.
The Romans did not subdue a country to put the
inhabitants to fire and sword, but to incorporate
them into their own community. --Addison.
5. To form into a legal body, or body politic; to constitute
into a corporation recognized by law, with special
functions, rights, duties and liabilities; as, to
incorporate a bank, a railroad company, a city or town,
etc.
Incorporate \In*cor"po*rate\, v. i.
To unite in one body so as to make a part of it; to be mixed
or blended; -- usually followed by with.
Painters' colors and ashes do better incorporate will
oil. --Bacon.
He never suffers wrong so long to grow, And to
incorporate with right so far As it might come to seem
the same in show. --Daniel.
Incorporated \In*cor"po*ra`ted\, a.
United in one body; formed into a corporation; made a legal
entity.
Incorporation \In*cor`po*ra"tion\, n. [L. incorporatio: cf. F.
incorporation.]
1. The act of incorporating, or the state of being
incorporated.
2. The union of different ingredients in one mass; mixture;
combination; synthesis.
3. The union of something with a body already existing;
association; intimate union; assimilation; as, the
incorporation of conquered countries into the Roman
republic.
4. (Law)
(a) The act of creating a corporation.
(b) A body incorporated; a corporation.
Incorporative \In*cor"po*ra*tive\, a.
Incorporating or tending to incorporate; as, the
incorporative languages (as of the Basques, North American
Indians, etc. ) which run a whole phrase into one word.
History demonstrates that incorporative unions are
solid and permanent; but that a federal union is weak.
--W. Belsham.
Incorporator \In*cor"po*ra`tor\, n.
One of a number of persons who gets a company incorporated;
one of the original members of a corporation.
Incorporeal \In`cor*po"re*al\, a. [Pref. in- not + corporeal:
cf. L. incorporeus. Cf. {Incorporal}.]
1. Not corporeal; not having a material body or form; not
consisting of matter; immaterial.
Thus incorporeal spirits to smaller forms Reduced
their shapes immense. --Milton.
Sense and perception must necessarily proceed from
some incorporeal substance within us. --Bentley.
2. (Law) Existing only in contemplation of law; not capable
of actual visible seizin or possession; not being an
object of sense; intangible; -- opposed to {corporeal}.
{Incorporeal hereditament}. See under {Hereditament}.
Syn: Immaterial; unsubstantial; bodiless; spiritual.
Incorporealism \In`cor*po"re*al*ism\, n.
Existence without a body or material form; immateriality.
--Cudworth.
Incorporealist \In`cor*po"re*al*ist\, n.
One who believes in incorporealism. --Cudworth.
Incorporeality \In`cor*po`re*al"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being incorporeal or bodiless;
immateriality; incorporealism. --G. Eliot.
Incorporeally \In`cor*po"re*al*ly\, adv.
In an incorporeal manner. --Bacon.
Incorporeity \In*cor`po*re"i*ty\, n. [Pref. in- not +
corporeity: cf. F. incorpor['e]ite.]
The quality of being incorporeal; immateriality. --Berkeley.
Incorpse \In*corpse"\, v. t.
To incorporate. [R.] --Shak.
Incorrect \In`cor*rect"\, a. [L. incorrectus: cf. F. incorrect.
See {In-} not, and {Correct}.]
1. Not correct; not according to a copy or model, or to
established rules; inaccurate; faulty.
The piece, you think, is incorrect. --Pope.
2. Not in accordance with the truth; inaccurate; not exact;
as, an incorrect statement or calculation.
3. Not accordant with duty or morality; not duly regulated or
subordinated; unbecoming; improper; as, incorrect conduct.
It shows a will most incorrect to heaven. --Shak.
The wit of the last age was yet more incorrect than
their language. --Dryden.
Syn: Inaccurate; erroneous; wrong; faulty.
Incorrection \In`cor*rec"tion\, n. [Pref. in- not + correction:
cf. F. incorrection.]
Want of correction, restraint, or discipline. [Obs.]
--Arnway.
Incorrectly \In`cor*rect"ly\, adv.
Not correctly; inaccurately; not exactly; as, a writing
incorrectly copied; testimony incorrectly stated.
Incorrectness \In`cor*rect"ness\, n.
The quality of being incorrect; want of conformity to truth
or to a standard; inaccuracy; inexactness; as incorrectness
may in defect or in redundance.
Incorrespondence \In*cor`re*spond"ence\, Incorrespondency
\In*cor`re*spond"en*cy\, n.
Want of correspondence; disagreement; disproportion. [R.]
Incorresponding \In*cor`re*spond"ing\, a.
Not corresponding; disagreeing. [R.] --Coleridge.
Incorrigibility \In*cor`ri*gi*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
incorrigibilit['e].]
The state or quality of being incorrigible.
The ingratitude, the incorrigibility, the strange
perverseness . . . of mankind. --Barrow.
Incorrigible \In*cor"ri*gi*ble\, a. [L. incorrigibilis: cf. F.
incorrigible. See {In-} not, and {Corrigible}.]
Not corrigible; incapable of being corrected or amended; bad
beyond correction; irreclaimable; as, incorrigible error.
``Incorrigible fools.'' --Dryden.
Incorrigible \In*cor"ri*gi*ble\, n.
One who is corrigible; especially, a hardened criminal; as,
the perpetual imprisonment of incorrigibles.
Incorrigibleness \In*cor"ri*gi*ble*ness\, n.
Incorrigibility. --Dr. H. More.
Incorrigibly \In*cor"ri*gi*bly\, adv.
In an incorrigible manner.
Incorrodible \In`cor*rod"i*ble\, a.
Incapable of being corroded, consumed, or eaten away.
Incorrupt \In"cor*rupt"\, a. [L. incorruptus. See {In-} not, and
{Corrupt}.]
1. Not affected with corruption or decay; unimpaired; not
marred or spoiled.
2. Not defiled or depraved; pure; sound; untainted; above the
influence of bribes; upright; honest. --Milton.
Your Christian principles . . . which will preserve
you incorrupt as individuals. --Bp. Hurd.
Incorrupted \In"cor*rupt"ed\, a.
Uncorrupted. [Obs.]
Breathed into their incorrupted breasts. --Sir J.
Davies.
Incorruptibility \In`cor*rupt`i*bil"i*ty\, n. [L.
incorruptibilitas: cf. F. incorruptibilit['e].]
The quality of being incorruptible; incapability of
corruption. --Holland.
Incorruptible \In"cor*rupt"i*ble\, a. [L. incorruptibilis: cf.
F. incorruptible. See {In-} not, and {Corrupt}.]
1. Not corruptible; incapable of corruption, decay, or
dissolution; as, gold is incorruptible.
Our bodies shall be changed into incorruptible and
immortal substances. --Wake.
2. Incapable of being bribed or morally corrupted; inflexibly
just and upright.
Incorruptible \In"cor*rupt"i*ble\, n. (Eccl. Hist.)
One of a religious sect which arose in Alexandria, in the
reign of the Emperor Justinian, and which believed that the
body of Christ was incorruptible, and that he suffered
hunger, thirst, pain, only in appearance.
Incorruptible \In"cor*rupt"i*ble\, n.
The quality or state of being incorruptible. --Boyle.
Incorruptibly \In"cor*rupt"i*bly\, adv.
In an incorruptible manner.
Incorruption \In"cor*rup"tion\, n. [L. incorruptio: cf. F.
incorruption. See {In-} not, and {Corruption}.]
The condition or quality of being incorrupt or incorruptible;
absence of, or exemption from, corruption.
It is sown in corruption; it is raised in incorruption.
--1 Cor. xv.
42.
The same preservation, or, rather, incorruption, we
have observed in the flesh of turkeys, capons, etc.
--Sir T.
Browne.
Incorruptive \In`cor*rupt"ive\, a. [L. incorruptivus.]
Incorruptible; not liable to decay. --Akenside.
Incorruptly \In`cor*rupt"ly\, adv.
Without corruption.
To demean themselves incorruptly. --Milton.
Incorruptness \In`cor*rupt"ness\, n.
1. Freedom or exemption from decay or corruption.
2. Probity; integrity; honesty. --Woodward.
Incrassate \In*cras"sate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incrassated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Incrassating}.] [L. incrassatus, p. p. of
incrassare; pref. in- in + crassus thick.]
To make thick or thicker; to thicken; especially, in
pharmacy, to thicken (a liquid) by the mixture of another
substance, or by evaporating the thinner parts.
Acids dissolve or attenuate; alkalies precipitate or
incrassate. --Sir I.
Newton.
Liquors which time hath incrassated into jellies. --Sir
T. Browne.
Incrassate \In*cras"sate\, v. i.
To become thick or thicker.
Incrassate \In*cras"sate\, Incrassated \In*cras"sa*ted\, a. [L.
incrassatus, p. p.]
1. Made thick or thicker; thickened; inspissated.
2. (Bot.) Thickened; becoming thicker. --Martyn.
3. (Zo["o]l.) Swelled out on some particular part, as the
antenn[ae] of certain insects.
Incrassation \In`cras*sa"tion\, n. [Cf. F. incrassation.]
1. The act or process of thickening or making thick; the
process of becoming thick or thicker.
2. The state of being incrassated or made thick;
inspissation. --Sir T. Browne.
Incrassative \In*cras"sa*tive\, a.
Having the quality of thickening; tending to thicken.
--Harvey.
Incrassative \In*cras"sa*tive\, n.
A substance which has the power to thicken; formerly, a
medicine supposed to thicken the humors. --Harvey.
Increasable \In*creas"a*ble\, a.
Capable of being increased. --Sherwood. --
{In*creas"a*ble*ness}, n.
An indefinite increasableness of some of our ideas.
--Bp. Law.
Increase \In*crease"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Increased}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Increasing}.] [OE. incresen, encresen, enrescen, OF.
encreistre, fr. L. increscere; pref. in- in + crescere to
grow. See {Crescent}, and cf. {Decrease}.]
1. To become greater or more in size, quantity, number,
degree, value, intensity, power, authority, reputation,
wealth; to grow; to augment; to advance; -- opposed to
{decrease}.
The waters increased and bare up the ark. --Gen.
vii. 17.
He must increase, but I must decrease. --John iii.
30.
The heavens forbid But that our loves and comforts
should increase, Even as our days do grow! --Shak.
2. To multiply by the production of young; to be fertile,
fruitful, or prolific.
Fishes are more numerous of increasing than beasts
or birds, as appears by their numerous spawn. --Sir
M. Hale.
3. (Astron.) To become more nearly full; to show more of the
surface; to wax; as, the moon increases.
{Increasing function} (Math.), a function whose value
increases when that of the variable increases, and
decreases when the latter is diminished.
Syn: To enlarge; extend; multiply; expand; develop; heighten;
amplify; raise; enhance; spread; aggravate; magnify;
augment; advance.
Usage: To {Increase}, {Enlarge}, {Extend}. Enlarge implies to
make larger or broader in size. Extend marks the
progress of enlargement so as to have wider
boundaries. Increase denotes enlargement by growth and
internal vitality, as in the case of plants. A kingdom
is enlarged by the addition of new territories; the
mind is enlarged by knowledge. A kingdom is extended
when its boundaries are carried to a greater distance
from the center. A man's riches, honors, knowledge,
etc., are increased by accessions which are made from
time to time.
Increase \In*crease"\, v. t.
To augment or make greater in bulk, quantity, extent, value,
or amount, etc.; to add to; to extend; to lengthen; to
enhance; to aggravate; as, to increase one's possessions,
influence.
I will increase the famine. --Ezek. v. 16.
Make denials Increase your services. --Shak.
Increase \In"crease\ (?; 277), n. [OE. encres, encresse. See
{Increase}, v. i.]
1. Addition or enlargement in size, extent, quantity, number,
intensity, value, substance, etc.; augmentation; growth.
As if increase of appetite had grown By what if fed
on. --Shak.
For things of tender kind for pleasure made Shoot up
with swift increase, and sudden are decay'd.
--Dryden.
2. That which is added to the original stock by augmentation
or growth; produce; profit; interest.
Take thou no usury of him, or increase. --Lev. xxv.
36.
Let them not live to taste this land's increase.
--Shak.
3. Progeny; issue; offspring.
All the increase of thy house shall die in the
flower of their age. --1 Sam. ii.
33.
4. Generation. [Obs.] ``Organs of increase.'' --Shak.
5. (Astron.) The period of increasing light, or luminous
phase; the waxing; -- said of the moon.
Seeds, hair, nails, hedges, and herbs will grow
soonest if set or cut in the increase of the moon.
--Bacon.
{Increase twist}, the twixt of a rifle groove in which the
angle of twist increases from the breech to the muzzle.
Syn: Enlargement; extension; growth; development; increment;
addition; accession; production.
Increaseful \In*crease"ful\, a.
Full of increase; abundant in produce. ``Increaseful crops.''
[R.] --Shak.
Increasement \In*crease"ment\, n.
Increase. [R.] --Bacon.
Increaser \In*creas"er\, n.
One who, or that, increases.
Increasingly \In*creas"ing*ly\, adv.
More and more.
Increate \In`cre*ate"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Increated}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Increating}.] [Pref. in- in + create.]
To create within. [R.]
Increate \In"cre*ate\, Increated \In"cre*a`ted\, a. [L.
increatus. See {In-} not, and {Create}.]
Uncreated; self-existent. [R.]
Bright eff?uence of bright essence increate. --Milton.
Incredibility \In*cred`i*bil"i*ty\, n. [L. incredibilitas: cf.
F. incr['e]dibilit['e].]
1. The quality or state of being incredible; incredibleness.
--Dryden.
2. That which is incredible. --Johnson.
Incredible \In*cred"i*ble\, a. [L. incredibilis: cf. OF.
incredible. See {In-} not, and {Credible}.]
Not credible; surpassing belief; too extraordinary and
improbable to admit of belief; unlikely; marvelous; fabulous.
Why should it be thought a thing incredible with you,
that God should raise the dead? --Acts xxvi.
8.
Incredibleness \In*cred"i*ble*ness\, n.
Incredibility.
Incredibly \In*cred"i*bly\, adv.
In an incredible manner.
Incredited \In*cred"it*ed\, a.
Uncredited. [Obs.]
Incredulity \In`cre*du"li*ty\, n. [L. incredu?itas: cf. F.
incr['e]dulit['e].]
The state or quality of being i?credulous; a withholding or
refusal of belief; skepticism; unbelief; disbelief.
Of every species of incredulity, religious unbelief is
the most irrational. --Buckminster.
Incredulous \In*cred"u*lous\ (?; 135), a. [L. incredulus. See
{In-} not, and {Credulous}.]
1. Not credulous; indisposed to admit or accept that which is
related as true, skeptical; unbelieving. --Bacon.
A fantastical incredulous fool. --Bp. Wilkins.
2. Indicating, or caused by, disbelief or incredulity. ``An
incredulous smile.'' --Longfellow.
3. Incredible; not easy to be believed. [R.] --Shak.
Incredulously \In*cred"u*lous*ly\, adv.
In an incredulous manner; with incredulity.
Incredulousness \In*cred"u*lous*ness\, n.
Incredulity.
Incremable \In*crem"a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + L. cremabilis
combustible, fr. cremare to burn.]
Incapable of being burnt; incombustibe. --Sir T. Browne.
Incremate \In"cre*mate\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + cremate.]
To consume or reduce to ashes by burning, as a dead body; to
cremate.
Incremation \In`cre*ma"tion\, n.
Burning; esp., the act of burning a dead body; cremation.
Increment \In"cre*ment\, n. [L. incrementum: cf. F.
incr['e]ment. See {Increase}.]
1. The act or process of increasing; growth in bulk,
guantity, number, value, or amount; augmentation;
enlargement.
The seminary that furnisheth matter for the
formation and increment of animal and vegetable
bodies. --Woodward.
A nation, to be great, ought to be compressed in its
increment by nations more civilized than itself.
--Coleridge.
2. Matter added; increase; produce; production; -- opposed to
{decrement}. ``Large increment.'' --J. Philips.
3. (Math.) The increase of a variable quantity or fraction
from its present value to its next ascending value; the
finite quantity, generally variable, by which a variable
quantity is increased.
4. (Rhet.) An amplification without strict climax, as in the
following passage:
Finally, brethren, whatsoever things are true,
whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are
just, whatsoever things are pure, whatsoever things
are lovely, whatsoever things are of good report, .
. . think on these things. --Phil. iv. 8.
{Infinitesimal increment} (Math.), an infinitesimally small
variation considered in Differential Calculus. See
{Calculus}.
{Method of increments} (Math.), a calculus founded on the
properties of the successive values of variable quantities
and their differences or increments. It differs from the
method of fluxions in treating these differences as
finite, instead of infinitely small, and is equivalent to
the calculus of finite differences.
Incremental \In`cre*men"tal\, a. (Biol.)
Pertaining to, or resulting from, the process of growth; as,
the incremental lines in the dentine of teeth.
Increpate \In"cre*pate\, v. t. [L. increpatus, p. p. of
increpare to upbraid; pref. in- in, against + crepare to talk
noisily.]
To chide; to rebuke; to reprove. [Obs.]
Increpation \In`cre*pa"tion\, n. [L. increpatio.]
A chiding; rebuke; reproof. [Obs.] --Hammond.
Increscent \In*cres"cent\, a. [L. increscens, -entis, p. pr. of
increscere. See {Increase}.]
1. Increasing; growing; augmenting; swelling; enlarging.
Between the incresent and decrescent moon.
--Tennyson.
2. (Her.) Increasing; on the increase; -- said of the moon
represented as the new moon, with the points turned toward
the dexter side.
Increst \In*crest"\, v. t.
To adorn with a crest. [R.] --Drummond.
Incriminate \In*crim"i*nate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Incriminated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Incriminating}.] [LL.
incriminatus, p. p. of incriminare; in- in + criminare,
criminari, to accuse one of a crime. See {Criminate}.]
To accuse; to charge with a crime or fault; to criminate.
Incrimination \In*crim`i*na"tion\, n.
The act of incriminating; crimination.
Incriminatory \In*crim"i*na*to*ry\, a.
Of or pertaining to crimination; tending to incriminate;
criminatory.
Incruental \In`cru*en"tal\, a. [L. incruentus. See {In-} not,
and {Cruentous}.]
Unbloody; not attended with blood; as, an incruental
sacrifice. [Obs.] --Brevint.
Incrust \In*crust"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incrusted}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Incrusting}.] [L. incrustare; pref. in- in + crustare
to cover with a crust: cf. F. incruster. See {Crust}.]
[Written also {encrust}.]
1. To cover or line with a crust, or hard coat; to form a
crust on the surface of; as, iron incrusted with rust; a
vessel incrusted with salt; a sweetmeat incrusted with
sugar.
And by the frost refin'd the whiter snow, Incrusted
hard. --Thomson.
2. (Fine Arts) To inlay into, as a piece of carving or other
ornamental object.
Incrustate \In*crus"tate\, a. [L. incrustatus, p. p. See
{Incrust}.]
Incrusted. --Bacon.
Incrustate \In*crus"tate\, v. t.
To incrust. [R.] --Cheyne.
Incrustation \In`crus*ta"tion\, n. [L. incrustatio: cf. F.
incrustation. See {Incrust}.]
1. The act of incrusting, or the state of being incrusted.
2. A crust or hard coating of anything upon or within a body,
as a deposit of lime, sediment, etc., from water on the
inner surface of a steam boiler.
3. (Arch.) A covering or inlaying of marble, mosaic, etc.,
attached to the masonry by cramp irons or cement.
4. (Fine Arts) Anything inlaid or imbedded.
Incrustment \In*crust"ment\, n.
Incrustation. [R.]
Incrystallizable \In*crys"tal*li`za*ble\, a.
Not crystallizable; incapable of being formed into crystals.
Incubate \In"cu*bate\, v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. {Incubated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Incubating}.] [L. incubatus, p. p. incubare to
lie on; pref. in- in, on + cubare to lie down. Cf. {Cubit},
{Incumbent}.]
To sit, as on eggs for hatching; to brood; to brood upon, or
keep warm, as eggs, for the purpose of hatching.
Incubation \In`cu*ba"tion\, n. [L. incubatio: cf. F.
incubation.]
1. A sitting on eggs for the purpose of hatching young; a
brooding on, or keeping warm, (eggs) to develop the life
within, by any process. --Ray.
2. (Med.) The development of a disease from its causes, or
its period of incubation. (See below.)
3. A sleeping in a consecrated place for the purpose of
dreaming oracular dreams. --Tylor.
{Period of incubation}, or {Stage of incubation} (Med.), the
period which elapses between exposure to the causes of a
disease and the attack resulting from it; the time of
development of the supposed germs or spores.
Incubative \In"cu*ba*tive\, a.
Of or pertaining to incubation, or to the period of
incubation.
Incubator \In"cu*ba`tor\, n.
That which incubates, especially, an apparatus by means of
which eggs are hatched by artificial heat.
Incubatory \In*cu"ba*to*ry\, a.
Serving for incubation.
Incube \In*cube"\, v. t.
To fix firmly, as in cube; to secure or place firmly. [Obs.]
--Milton.
Incubiture \In*cu"bi*ture\ (?; 135), n. [Cf. L. incubitus.]
Incubation. [Obs.] --J. Ellis.
Incubous \In"cu*bous\, a. [From L. incubare to lie on.] (Bot.)
Having the leaves so placed that the upper part of each one
covers the base of the leaf next above it, as in hepatic
mosses of the genus {Frullania}. See {Succubous}.
Incubus \In"cu*bus\, n.; pl. E. {Incubuses}, L. {Incubi}. [L.,
the nightmare. Cf. {Incubate}.]
1. A demon; a fiend; a lascivious spirit, supposed to have
sexual intercourse with women by night. --Tylor.
The devils who appeared in the female form were
generally called succubi; those who appeared like
men incubi, though this distinction was not always
preserved. --Lecky.
2. (Med.) The nightmare. See {Nightmare}.
Such as are troubled with incubus, or witch-ridden,
as we call it. --Burton.
3. Any oppressive encumbrance or burden; anything that
prevents the free use of the faculties.
Debt and usury is the incubus which weighs most
heavily on the agricultural resources of Turkey.
--J. L.
Farley.
Inculcate \In*cul"cate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inculcated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Inculcating}.] [L. inculcatus, p. p. of
inculcare to tread on; pref. in- in, on + calcare to tread,
fr. calx the heel; perh. akin to E. heel. Cf. 2d {Calk},
{Heel}.]
To teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions;
to urge on the mind; as, Christ inculcates on his followers
humility.
The most obvious and necessary duties of life they have
not yet had authority enough to enforce and inculcate
upon men's minds. --S. Clarke.
Syn: To instill; infuse; implant; engraft; impress.
Inculcation \In`cul*ca"tion\, n. [L. inculcatio: cf. F.
inculcation.]
A teaching and impressing by frequent repetitions. --Bp.
Hall.
Inculcator \In*cul"ca*tor\, n. [L.]
One who inculcates. --Boyle.
Inculk \In*culk"\ v. t. [Cf. F. inculquer. See {Inculcate}.]
To inculcate. [Obs.] --Sir T. More.
Inculp \In*culp"\, v. t. [Cf. inculper. See {Inculpate}.]
To inculpate. [Obs.] --Shelton.
Inculpable \In*cul"pa*ble\, a. [L. inculpabilis: cf. F.
incupable.]
Faultless; blameless; innocent. --South.
An innocent and incupable piece of ignorance.
--Killingbeck.
Inculpableness \In*cul"pa*ble*ness\, n.
Blamelessness; faultlessness.
Inculpably \In*cul"pa*bly\, adv.
Blamelessly. --South.
Inculpate \In*cul"pate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inculpated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Inculpating}.] [LL. inculpatus, p. p. of
inculpare to blame; pref. in- in + culpa fault. See
{Culpable}.]
Note: [A word of recent introduction.]
To blame; to impute guilt to; to accuse; to involve or
implicate in guilt.
That risk could only exculpate her and not inculpate
them -- the probabilities protected them so perfectly.
--H. James.
Inculpation \In`cul*pa"tion\, n. [Cf. F. inculpation.]
Blame; censure; crimination. --Jefferson.
Inculpatory \In*cul"pa*to*ry\, a.
Imputing blame; criminatory; compromising; implicating.
Incult \In*cult"\, a. [L. incultus; pref. in- not + cultus, p.
p. of colere to cultivate: cf. F. inculte.]
Untilled; uncultivated; crude; rude; uncivilized.
Germany then, says Tacitus, was incult and horrid, now
full of magnificent cities. --Burton.
His style is diffuse and incult. --M. W.
Shelley.
Incultivated \In*cul"ti*va`ted\, a.
Uncultivated. [Obs.] --Sir T. Herbert.
Incultivation \In*cul`ti*va"tion\, n.
Want of cultivation. [Obs.] --Berington.
Inculture \In*cul"ture\ (?; 135), n. [Pref. in- not + culture:
cf. F. inculture.]
Want or neglect of cultivation or culture. [Obs.] --Feltham.
Incumbency \In*cum"ben*cy\, n.; pl. {Incumbencies}. [From
{Incumbent}.]
1. The state of being incumbent; a lying or resting on
something.
2. That which is physically incumbent; that which lies as a
burden; a weight. --Evelyn.
3. That which is morally incumbent, or is imposed, as a rule,
a duty, obligation, or responsibility. ``The incumbencies
of a family.'' --Donne.
4. The state of holding a benefice; the full possession and
exercise of any office.
These fines are only to be paid to the bishop during
his incumbency. --Swift.
Incumbent \In*cum"bent\, a. [L. incumbens, -entis, p. pr. of
incumbere to lie down upon, press upon; pref. in- in, on +
cumbere (in comp.); akin to cubare to lie down. See
{Incubate}.]
1. Lying; resting; reclining; recumbent; superimposed;
superincumbent.
Two incumbent figures, gracefully leaning upon it.
--Sir H.
Wotton.
To move the incumbent load they try. --Addison.
2. Lying, resting, or imposed, as a duty or obligation;
obligatory; always with on or upon.
All men, truly zealous, will perform those good
works that are incumbent on all Christians. --Sprat.
3. (Bot.) Leaning or resting; -- said of anthers when lying
on the inner side of the filament, or of cotyledons when
the radicle lies against the back of one of them. --Gray.
4. (Zo["o]l.) Bent downwards so that the ends touch, or rest
on, something else; as, the incumbent toe of a bird.
Incumbent \In*cum"bent\, n.
A person who is in present possession of a benefice or of any
office.
The incumbent lieth at the mercy of his patron.
--Swift.
Incumbently \In*cum"bent*ly\, adv.
In an incumbent manner; so as to be incumbent.
Incumber \In*cum"ber\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incumbered}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Incumbering}.]
See {Encumber}.
Incumbition \In`cum*bi"tion\, n.
Incubation. [R.] --Sterne.
Incumbrance \In*cum"brance\, n. [See {Encumbrance}.] [Written
also {encumbrance}.]
1. A burdensome and troublesome load; anything that impedes
motion or action, or renders it difficult or laborious;
clog; impediment; hindrance; check. --Cowper.
2. (Law) A burden or charge upon property; a claim or lien
upon an estate, which may diminish its value.
Incumbrancer \In*cum"bran*cer\, n. (Law)
One who holds an incumbrance, or some legal claim, lien, or
charge on an estate. --Kent.
Incumbrous \In*cum"brous\, a. [Cf. OF. encombros.]
Cumbersome; troublesome. [Written also {encombrous}.] [Obs.]
--Chaucer.
Incunabulum \In`cu*nab"u*lum\, n.; pl. {Incunabula}. [L.
incunabula cradle, birthplace, origin. See 1st {In-}, and
{Cunabula}.]
A work of art or of human industry, of an early epoch;
especially, a book printed before a. d. 1500.
Incur \In*cur"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incurred}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Incurring}.] [L. incurrere to run into or toward; pref. in-
in + currere to run. See {Current}.]
1. To meet or fall in with, as something inconvenient,
harmful, or onerous; to put one's self in the way of; to
expose one's self to; to become liable or subject to; to
bring down upon one's self; to encounter; to contract; as,
to incur debt, danger, displeasure? penalty,
responsibility, etc.
I know not what I shall incur to pass it, Having no
warrant. --Shak.
2. To render liable or subject to; to occasion. [Obs.]
Lest you incur me much more damage in my fame than
you have done me pleasure in preserving my life.
--Chapman.
Incur \In*cur"\, v. i.
To pass; to enter. [Obs.]
Light is discerned by itself because by itself it
incurs into the eye. --South.
Incurability \In*cur`a*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. incurabilit['e]
incurability, LL. incurabilitas negligence.]
The state of being uncurable; irremediableness. --Harvey.
Incurable \In*cur"a*ble\, a. [F. incurable, L. incurabilis. See
{In-} not, and {Curable}.]
1. Not capable of being cured; beyond the power of skill or
medicine to remedy; as, an incurable disease.
A scirrh is not absolutely incurable. --Arbuthnot.
2. Not admitting or capable of remedy or correction;
irremediable; remediless; as, incurable evils.
Rancorous and incurable hostility. --Burke.
They were laboring under a profound, and, as it
might have seemed, an almost incurable ignorance.
--Sir J.
Stephen.
Syn: Irremediable; remediless; irrecoverable; irretrievable;
irreparable; hopeless.
Incurable \In*cur"a*ble\, n.
A person diseased beyond cure.
Incurableness \In*cur"a*ble*ness\, n.
The state of being incurable; incurability. --Boyle.
Incurably \In*cur"a*bly\, adv.
In a manner that renders cure impracticable or impossible;
irremediably. ``Incurably diseased.'' --Bp. Hall. ``Incurably
wicked.'' --Blair.
Incuriosity \In*cu`ri*os"i*ty\, n. [L. incuriositas: cf. F.
incurosit['e].]
Want of curiosity or interest; inattentiveness; indifference.
--Sir H. Wotton.
Incurious \In*cu"ri*ous\, a. [L. incuriosus: cf. F. incurieux.
See {In-} not, and {Curious}.]
Not curious or inquisitive; without care for or interest in;
inattentive; careless; negligent; heedless.
Carelessnesses and incurious deportments toward their
children. --Jer. Taylor.
Incuriously \In*cu"ri*ous*ly\, adv.
In an curious manner.
Incuriousness \In*cu"ri*ous*ness\, n.
Unconcernedness; incuriosity.
Sordid incuriousness and slovenly neglect. --Bp. Hall.
Incurrence \In*cur"rence\, n. [See {Incur}.]
The act of incurring, bringing on, or subjecting one's self
to (something troublesome or burdensome); as, the incurrence
of guilt, debt, responsibility, etc.
Incurrent \In*cur"rent\, a. [L. incurrens, p. pr. incurere,
incursum, to run in; in- + currere to run.] (Zo["o]l.)
Characterized by a current which flows inward; as, the
incurrent orifice of lamellibranch Mollusca.
Incursion \In*cur"sion\, n. [L. incursio: cf. F. incursion. See
{Incur}.]
1. A running into; hence, an entering into a territory with
hostile intention; a temporary invasion; a predatory or
harassing inroad; a raid.
The Scythian, whose incursions wild Have wasted
Sogdiana. --Milton.
The incursions of the Goths disordered the affairs
of the Roman Empire. --Arbuthnot.
2. Attack; occurrence. [Obs.]
Sins of daily incursion. --South.
Syn: Invasion; inroad; raid; foray; sally; attack; onset;
irruption. See {Invasion}.
Incursive \In*cur"sive\, a.
Making an incursion; invasive; aggressive; hostile.
Incurtain \In*cur"tain\, v. t.
To curtain. [Obs.]
Incurvate \In*cur"vate\, a. [L. incurvatus, p. p. of incurvare
to crook; pref. in- in + curvus bent. See {Curve}, and cf.
{Incurve}.]
Curved; bent; crooked. --Derham.
Incurvate \In*cur"vate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incurvated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Incurvating}.]
To turn from a straight line or course; to bend; to crook.
--Cheyne.
Incurvation \In`cur*va"tion\, n. [L. incurvatio: cf. F.
incurvation.]
1. The act of bending, or curving.
2. The state of being bent or curved; curvature.
An incurvation of the rays. --Derham.
3. The act of bowing, or bending the body, in respect or
reverence. ``The incurvations of the knee.'' --Bp. Hall.
Incurve \In*curve"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Incurved}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Incurving}.] [See {Incurvate}.]
To bend; to curve; to make crooked.
Incurved \In*curved"\, a. [Pref. in- in + curved.] (Bot.)
Bending gradually toward the axis or center, as branches or
petals.
Incurvity \In*cur"vi*ty\, n. [From L. incurvus bent. See
{Incurvate}.]
A state of being bent or curved; incurvation; a bending
inwards. --Sir T. Browne.
Incus \In"cus\, n. [L., anvil.]
1. An anvil.
2. (Anat.) One of the small bones in the tympanum of the ear;
the anvil bone. See {Ear}.
3. (Zo["o]l.) The central portion of the armature of the
pharynx in the Rotifera.
Incuse \In*cuse"\, a. [See {Incuse}, v. t.] (Numismatics)
Cut or stamped in, or hollowed out by engraving. ``Irregular
incuse square.'' --Dr. W. Smith.
Incuse \In*cuse"\, Incuss \In*cuss"\, v. t. [L. incussus, p. p.
of incutere to strike. See 1st {In-}, and {Concuss}.]
To form, or mold, by striking or stamping, as a coin or
medal.
Incute \In*cute"\, v. t. [See {Incuse}.]
To strike or stamp in. [Obs.] --Becon.
Incyst \In*cyst"\, v. t.
See {Encyst}.
Incysted \In*cyst"ed\, a.
See {Encysted}.
Ind \Ind\, n.
India. [Poetical] --Shak. Milton.
Indagate \In"da*gate\, v. t. [L. indagatus, p. p. of indagare to
seek.]
To seek or search out. [Obs.]
Indagation \In`da*ga"tion\, n. [L. indagatio: cf. F.
indagation.]
Search; inquiry; investigation. [Obs.]
Indagative \In"da*ga*tive\, a.
Searching; exploring; investigating. [Obs.] --Jer. Taylor.
Indagator \In"da*ga`tor\, n. [L.]
A searcher; an explorer; an investigator. [Obs.]
Searched into by such skillful indagators of nature.
--Boyle.
Indamage \In*dam"age\ (?; 48), v. t.
See {Endamage}. [R.]
Indamaged \In*dam"aged\, a.
Not damaged. [Obs.] --Milton.
Indart \In*dart"\, v. t.
To pierce, as with a dart.
Indazol \In"da*zol\, n. [Indol + azote.] (Chem.)
A nitrogenous compound, {C7H6N2}, analogous to indol, and
produced from a diazo derivative or cinnamic acid.
Inde \Inde\, a.
Azure-colored; of a bright blue color. [Obs.] --Rom. of R.
Indear \In*dear"\, v. t.
See {Endear}.
Indebt \In*debt"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indebted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Indebting}.] [OE. endetten, F. endetter; pref. en- (L.
in) + F. dette debt. See {Debt}.]
To bring into debt; to place under obligation; -- chiefly
used in the participle indebted.
Thy fortune hath indebted thee to none. --Daniel.
Indebted \In*debt"ed\, a.
1. Brought into debt; being under obligation; held to payment
or requital; beholden.
By owing, owes not, but still pays, at once Indebted
and discharged. --Milton.
2. Placed under obligation for something received, for which
restitution or gratitude is due; as, we are indebted to
our parents for their care of us in infancy; indebted to
friends for help and encouragement. --Cowper.
Indebtedness \In*debt"ed*ness\, n.
1. The state of being indebted.
2. The sum owed; debts, collectively.
Indebtment \In*debt"ment\, n. [Cf. F. endettement.]
Indebtedness. [R.] --Bp. Hall.
Indecence \In*de"cence\, n.
See {Indecency}. [Obs.] ``An indecence of barbarity.'' --Bp.
Burnet.
Indecency \In*de"cen*cy\, n.; pl. {Indecencies}. [L. indecentia
unseemliness: cf. F. ind['e]cence.]
1. The quality or state of being indecent; want of decency,
modesty, or good manners; obscenity.
2. That which is indecent; an indecent word or act; an
offense against delicacy.
They who, by speech or writing, present to the ear
or the eye of modesty any of the indecencies I
allude to, are pests of society. --Beattie.
Syn: Indelicacy; indecorum; immodesty; impurity; obscenity.
See {Indecorum}.
Indecent \In*de"cent\, a. [L. indecens unseemly, unbecoming: cf.
F. ind['e]cent. See {In-} not, and {Decent}.]
Not decent; unfit to be seen or heard; offensive to modesty
and delicacy; as, indecent language. --Cowper.
Syn: Unbecoming; indecorous; indelicate; unseemly; immodest;
gross; shameful; impure; improper; obscene; filthy.
Indecently \In*de"cent*ly\, adv.
In an indecent manner.
Indeciduate \In`de*cid"u*ate\, a.
1. Indeciduous.
2. (Anat.) Having no decidua; nondeciduate.
Indeciduous \In`de*cid"u*ous\, a.
Not deciduous or falling, as the leaves of trees in autumn;
lasting; evergreen; persistent; permanent; perennial.
The indeciduous and unshaven locks of Apollo. --Sir T.
Browne.
Indecimable \In*dec"i*ma*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + LL. decimare
to tithe: cf. F. ind['e]cimable. See {Decimate}.]
Not decimable, or liable to be decimated; not liable to the
payment of tithes. --Cowell.
Indecipherable \In`de*ci"pher*a*ble\, a.
Not decipherable; incapable of being deciphered, explained,
or solved. -- {In`de*ci"pher*a*bly}, adv.
Indecision \In`de*ci"sion\, n. [Pref. in- not + decision: cf. F.
ind['e]cision.]
Want of decision; want of settled purpose, or of firmness;
indetermination; wavering of mind; irresolution; vacillation;
hesitation.
The term indecision . . . implies an idea very nicely
different from irresolution; yet it has a tendency to
produce it. --Shenstone.
Indecision . . . is the natural accomplice of violence.
--Burke.
Indecisive \In`de*ci"sive\, a. [Cf. F. ind['e]cisif.]
1. Not decisive; not bringing to a final or ultimate issue;
as, an indecisive battle, argument, answer.
The campaign had everywhere been indecisive.
--Macaulay.
2. Undetermined; prone to indecision; irresolute; unsettled;
wavering; vacillating; hesitating; as, an indecisive state
of mind; an indecisive character.
Indecisively \In`de*ci"sive*ly\, adv.
Without decision.
Indecisiveness \In`de*ci"sive*ness\, n.
The state of being indecisive; unsettled state.
Indecinable \In`de*cin"a*ble\, a. [L. indeclinabilis: cf. F.
ind['e]clinable. See {In-} not, and {Decline}.] (Gram.)
Not declinable; not varied by inflective terminations; as,
nihil (nothing), in Latin, is an indeclinable noun. -- n. An
indeclinable word.
Indecinably \In`de*cin"a*bly\, adv.
1. Without variation.
2. (Gram.) Without variation of termination.
Indecomposable \In*de`com*pos"a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
decomposable: cf. F. ind['e]composable.]
Not decomposable; incapable or difficult of decomposition;
not resolvable into its constituents or elements.
Indecomposableness \In*de`com*pos"a*ble*ness\, n.
Incapableness of decomposition; stability; permanence;
durability.
Indecorous \In`de*co"rous\ (?; 277), a. [L. indecorous. See
{In-} not, and {Decorous}.]
Not decorous; violating good manners; contrary to good
breeding or etiquette; unbecoming; improper; out of place;
as, indecorous conduct.
It was useless and indecorous to attempt anything more
by mere struggle. --Burke.
Syn: Unbecoming; unseemly; unbefitting; rude; coarse;
impolite; uncivil; ill-bred.
Indecorously \In`de*co"rous*ly\, adv.
In an indecorous manner.
Indecorousness \In`de*co"rous*ness\, n.
The quality of being indecorous; want of decorum.
Indecorum \In`de*co"rum\, n. [Pref. in- not + decorum: cf. L.
indecorous unbecoming.]
1. Want of decorum; impropriety of behavior; that in behavior
or manners which violates the established rules of
civility, custom, or etiquette; indecorousness.
2. An indecorous or becoming action. --Young.
Syn: Indecorum is sometimes synonymous with indecency; but
indecency, more frequently than indecorum, is applied to
words or actions which refer to what nature and
propriety require to be concealed or suppressed.
Indecency is the stronger word; indecorum refers to any
transgression of etiquette or civility, especially in
public.
Indeed \In*deed"\, adv. [Prep. in + deed.]
In reality; in truth; in fact; verily; truly; -- used in a
variety of sense. Esp.:
(a) Denoting emphasis; as, indeed it is so.
(b) Denoting concession or admission; as, indeed, you are
right.
(c) Denoting surprise; as, indeed, is it you? Its meaning is
not intrinsic or fixed, but depends largely on the form
of expression which it accompanies.
The carnal mind is enmity against God; for it is not
subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be. --Rom.
viii. 7.
I were a beast indeed to do you wrong. --Dryden.
There is, indeed, no great pleasure in visiting these
magazines of war. --Addison.
Indefatigability \In`de*fat`i*ga*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state of being indefatigable.
Indefatigable \In`de*fat"i*ga*ble\, a. [L. indefatigabilis: cf.
OF. indefatigable. See {In-} not, and {Defatigable}, and cf.
{Infatigable}.]
Incapable of being fatigued; not readily exhausted;
unremitting in labor or effort; untiring; unwearying; not
yielding to fatigue; as, indefatigable exertions,
perseverance, application. ``A constant, indefatigable
attendance.'' --South.
Upborne with indefatigable wings. --Milton.
Syn: Unwearied; untiring; persevering; persistent.
Indefatigableness \In`de*fat"i*ga*ble*ness\, n.
Indefatigable quality; unweariedness; persistency. --Parnell.
Indefatigably \In`de*fat"i*ga*bly\, adv.
Without weariness; without yielding to fatigue; persistently.
--Dryden.
Indefatigation \In`de*fat`i*ga"tion\, n.
Indefatigableness; unweariedness. [Obs.] --J. Gregory.
Indefeasibility \In`de*fea`si*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being undefeasible.
Indefeasible \In`de*fea`si*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + defeasible:
cf. OF. indefaisable.]
Not to be defeated; not defeasible; incapable of being
annulled or made void; as, an indefeasible or title.
That the king had a divine and an indefeasible right to
the regal power. --Macaulay.
Indefectibility \In`de*fect`i*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
ind['e]fectibilit['e].]
The quality of being indefectible. --Barrow.
Indefectible \In`de*fect"i*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + defectible:
cf. F. ind['e]fectible.]
Not defectible; unfailing; not liable to defect, failure, or
decay.
An indefectible treasure in the heavens. --Barrow.
A state of indefectible virtue and happiness. --S.
Clarke.
Indefective \In`de*fect"ive\, a.
Not defective; perfect; complete. ``Absolute, indefective
obedience.'' --South.
Indefeisible \In`de*fei"si*ble\, a.
Indefeasible. [Obs.]
Indefensibility \In`de*fen`si*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of not being defensible. --Walsh.
Indefensible \In`de*fen"si*ble\, [Pref. in- not + defensible:
cf. OF. indefensible, indefensable.]
Not defensible; not capable of being defended, maintained,
vindicated, or justified; unjustifiable; untenable; as, an
indefensible fortress, position, cause, etc.
Men find that something can be said in favor of what,
on the very proposal, they thought utterly
indefensible. --Burke.
Indefensibly \In`de*fen"si*bly\, adv.
In an indefensible manner.
Indefensive \In`de*fen"sive\, a.
Defenseless. [Obs.]
The sword awes the indefensive villager. --Sir T.
Herbert.
Indeficiency \In`de*fi"cien*cy\, n.
The state or quality of not being deficient. [Obs.] --Strype.
Indeficient \In`de*fi"cient\, a. [L. indeficiens. See {In-} not,
and {Deficient}.]
Not deficient; full. [Obs.]
Brighter than the sun, and indeficient as the light of
heaven. --Jer. Taylor.
Indefinable \In`de*fin"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being defined or described; inexplicable. --Bp.
Reynolds.
Indefinably \In`de*fin"a*bly\, adv.
In an indefinable manner.
Indefinite \In*def"i*nite\, a. [L. indefinitus. See {In-} not,
and {Definite}.]
1. Not definite; not limited, defined, or specified; not
explicit; not determined or fixed upon; not precise;
uncertain; vague; confused; obscure; as, an indefinite
time, plan, etc.
It were to be wished that . . . men would leave off
that indefinite way of vouching, ``the chymists say
this,'' or ``the chymists affirm that.'' --Boyle.
The time of this last is left indefinite. --Dryden.
2. Having no determined or certain limits; large and
unmeasured, though not infinite; unlimited; as indefinite
space; the indefinite extension of a straight line.
Though it is not infinite, it may be indefinite;
though it is not boundless in itself, it may be so
to human comprehension. --Spectator.
3. Boundless; infinite. [R.]
Indefinite and omnipresent God, Inhabiting eternity.
--W. Thompson
(1745).
4. (Bot.) Too numerous or variable to make a particular
enumeration important; -- said of the parts of a flower,
and the like. Also, indeterminate.
{Indefinite article} (Gram.), the word a or an, used with
nouns to denote any one of a common or general class.
{Indefinite inflorescence}. (Bot.) See {Indeterminate
inflorescence}, under {Indeterminate}.
{Indefinite proposition} (Logic), a statement whose subject
is a common term, with nothing to indicate distribution or
nondistribution; as, Man is mortal.
{Indefinite term} (Logic), a negative term; as, the not-good.
Syn: Inexplicit; vague; uncertain; unsettled; indeterminate;
loose; equivocal; inexact; approximate.
Indefinitely \In*def"i*nite*ly\, adv.
In an indefinite manner or degree; without any settled
limitation; vaguely; not with certainty or exactness; as, to
use a word indefinitely.
If the world be indefinitely extended, that is, so far
as no human intellect can fancy any bound of it. --Ray.
Indefiniteness \In*def"i*nite*ness\, n.
The quality of being indefinite.
Indefinitude \In`de*fin"i*tude\, n.
Indefiniteness; vagueness; also, number or quantity not
limited by our understanding, though yet finite. [Obs.] --Sir
M . Hale.
Indehiscence \In`de*his"cence\, n. [Cf. F. ind['e]hiscence.]
(Bot.)
The property or state of being indehiscent.
Indehiscent \In`de*his"cent\, a. [Pref. in- not + dehiscent: cf.
F. ind['e]hiscent.] (Bot.)
Remaining closed at maturity, or not opening along regular
lines, as the acorn, or a cocoanut.
Indelectable \In`de*lec"ta*ble\, a.
Not delectable; unpleasant; disagreeable. [R.] --Richardson.
Indeliberate \In`de*lib"er*ate\, a. [L. indeliberatus. See {In-}
not, and {Deliberate}.]
Done without deliberation; unpremeditated. [Obs.] --
{In`de*lib"er*ate*ly}, adv. [Obs.]
Indeliberated \In`de*lib"er*a`ted\, a.
Indeliberate. [Obs.]
Indelibility \In*del`i*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
ind['e]l['e]bilit['e].]
The quality of being indelible. --Bp. Horsley.
Indelible \In*del"i*ble\, a. [L. indelebilis; pref. in- not +
delebilis capable of being destroyed: cf. F.
ind['e]l['e]bile. See {In-} not, and {Deleble}.] [Formerly
written also {indeleble}, which accords with the etymology of
the word.]
1. That can not be removed, washed away, blotted out, or
effaced; incapable of being canceled, lost, or forgotten;
as, indelible characters; an indelible stain; an indelible
impression on the memory.
2. That can not be annulled; indestructible. [R.]
They are endued with indelible power from above.
--Sprat.
{Indelible colors}, fast colors which do not fade or tarnish
by exposure.
{Indelible ink}, an ink obliterated by washing; esp., a
solution of silver nitrate.
Syn: Fixed; fast; permanent; ineffaceable. --
{In*del"i*ble*ness}, n. -- {In*del"i*bly}, adv.
Indelibly stamped and impressed. --J. Ellis.
Indelicacy \In*del"i*ca*cy\, n.; pl. {Indelicacies}. [From
{Indelicate}.]
The quality of being indelicate; want of delicacy, or of a
nice sense of, or regard for, purity, propriety, or
refinement in manners, language, etc.; rudeness; coarseness;
also, that which is offensive to refined taste or purity of
mind.
The indelicacy of English comedy. --Blair.
Your papers would be chargeable with worse than
indelicacy; they would be immoral. --Addison.
Indelicate \In*del"i*cate\, a. [Pref. in- not + delicate: cf. F.
ind['e]licat.]
Not delicate; wanting delicacy; offensive to good manners, or
to purity of mind; coarse; rude; as, an indelicate word or
suggestion; indelicate behavior. --Macaulay. --
{In*del"i*cate*ly}, adv.
Syn: Indecorous; unbecoming; unseemly; rude; coarse; broad;
impolite; gross; indecent; offensive; improper;
unchaste; impure; unrefined.
Indemnification \In*dem`ni*fi*ca"tion\, n.
1. The act or process of indemnifying, preserving, or
securing against loss, damage, or penalty; reimbursement
of loss, damage, or penalty; the state of being
indemnified.
Indemnification is capable of some estimate; dignity
has no standard. --Burke.
2. That which indemnifies.
No reward with the name of an indemnification. --De
Quincey.
Indemnify \In*dem"ni*fy\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indemnified}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Indemnifying}.] [L. indemnis unhurt (in- not +
damnum hurt, damage) + -fy. Cf. {Damn}, {Damnify}.]
1. To save harmless; to secure against loss or damage; to
insure.
The states must at last engage to the merchants here
that they will indemnify them from all that shall
fall out. --Sir W.
Temple.
2. To make restitution or compensation for, as for that which
is lost; to make whole; to reimburse; to compensate.
--Beattie.
Indemnity \In*dem"ni*ty\, n.; pl. {Indemnities}. [L. indemnitas,
fr. indemnis uninjured: cf. F. indemnit['e]. See
{Indemnify}.]
1. Security; insurance; exemption from loss or damage, past
or to come; immunity from penalty, or the punishment of
past offenses; amnesty.
Having first obtained a promise of indemnity for the
riot they had committed. --Sir W.
Scott.
2. Indemnification, compensation, or remuneration for loss,
damage, or injury sustained.
They were told to expect, upon the fall of Walpole,
a large and lucrative indemnity for their pretended
wrongs. --Ld. Mahon.
Note: Insurance is a contract of indemnity. --Arnould. The
owner of private property taken for public use is
entitled to compensation or indemnity. --Kent.
{Act of indemnity} (Law), an act or law passed in order to
relieve persons, especially in an official station, from
some penalty to which they are liable in consequence of
acting illegally, or, in case of ministers, in consequence
of exceeding the limits of their strict constitutional
powers. These acts also sometimes provide compensation for
losses or damage, either incurred in the service of the
government, or resulting from some public measure.
Indemonstrability \In`de*mon`stra*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being indemonstrable.
Indemonstrable \In`de*mon"stra*ble\, a. [L. indemonstrabilis.
See {In-} not, and {Demonstrable}.]
Incapable of being demonstrated. --
{In`de*mon"stra*ble*ness}, n.
Indenization \In*den`i*za"tion\, n.
The act of naturalizing; endenization. [R.] --Evelyn.
Indenize \In*den"ize\, v. t.
To naturalize. [R.]
Indenizen \In*den"i*zen\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indenizened}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Indenizening}.]
To invest with the privileges of a denizen; to naturalize.
[R.]
Words indenizened, and commonly used as English. --B.
Jonson.
Indent \In*dent"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indented}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Indenting}.] [OE. endenten to notch, fit in, OF.
endenter, LL. indentare, fr. L. in + dens, dentis, tooth. See
{Tooth}, and cf. {Indenture}.]
1. To notch; to jag; to cut into points like a row of teeth;
as, to indent the edge of paper.
2. To dent; to stamp or to press in; to impress; as, indent a
smooth surface with a hammer; to indent wax with a stamp.
3. [Cf. {Indenture}.] To bind out by indenture or contract;
to indenture; to apprentice; as, to indent a young man to
a shoemaker; to indent a servant.
4. (Print.) To begin (a line or lines) at a greater or less
distance from the margin; as, to indent the first line of
a paragraph one em; to indent the second paragraph two ems
more than the first. See {Indentation}, and {Indention}.
5. (Mil.) To make an order upon; to draw upon, as for
military stores. [India] --Wilhelm.
Indent \In*dent"\, v. i.
1. To be cut, notched, or dented.
2. To crook or turn; to wind in and out; to zigzag.
3. To contract; to bargain or covenant. --Shak.
To indent and drive bargains with the Almighty.
--South.
Indent \In*dent"\, n.
1. A cut or notch in the man gin of anything, or a recess
like a notch. --Shak.
2. A stamp; an impression. [Obs.]
3. A certificate, or intended certificate, issued by the
government of the United States at the close of the
Revolution, for the principal or interest of the public
debt. --D. Ramsay. A. Hamilton.
4. (Mil.) A requisition or order for supplies, sent to the
commissariat of an army. [India] --Wilhelm.
Indentation \In`den*ta"tion\, n.
1. The act of indenting or state of being indented.
2. A notch or recess, in the margin or border of anything;
as, the indentations of a leaf, of the coast, etc.
3. A recess or sharp depression in any surface.
4. (Print.)
(a) The act of beginning a line or series of lines at a
little distance within the flush line of the column or
page, as in the common way of beginning the first line
of a paragraph.
(b) The measure of the distance; as, an indentation of one
em, or of two ems.
{Hanging}, or {Reverse}, {indentation}, indentation of all
the lines of a paragraph except the first, which is a full
line.
Indented \In*dent"ed\, a.
1. Cut in the edge into points or inequalities, like teeth;
jagged; notched; stamped in; dented on the surface.
2. Having an uneven, irregular border; sinuous; undulating.
--Milton. Shak.
3. (Her.) Notched like the part of a saw consisting of the
teeth; serrated; as, an indented border or ordinary.
4. Bound out by an indenture; apprenticed; indentured; as, an
indented servant.
5. (Zo["o]l.) Notched along the margin with a different
color, as the feathers of some birds.
{Indented line} (Fort.), a line with alternate long and short
faces, with salient and receding angles, each face giving
a flanking fire along the front of the next.
Indentedly \In*dent"ed*ly\, adv.
With indentations.
Indenting \In*dent"ing\, n.
Indentation; an impression like that made by a tooth.
Indention \In*den"tion\, n. (Print.)
Same as {Indentation}, 4.
Indentment \In*dent"ment\, n.
Indenture. [Obs.]
Indenture \In*den"ture\ (?; 135), n. [OE. endenture, OF.
endenture, LL. indentura a deed in duplicate, with indented
edges. See the Note below. See {Indent}.]
1. The act of indenting, or state of being indented.
2. (Law) A mutual agreement in writing between two or more
parties, whereof each party has usually a counterpart or
duplicate; sometimes in the pl., a short form for
{indentures of apprenticeship}, the contract by which a
youth is bound apprentice to a master.
The law is the best expositor of the gospel; they are like
a pair of indentures: they answer in every part. --C.
Leslie.
Note: Indentures were originally duplicates, laid together
and intended by a notched cut or line, or else written
on the same piece of parchment and separated by a
notched line so that the two papers or parchments
corresponded to each other. But indenting has gradually
become a mere form, and is often neglected, while the
writings or counterparts retain the name of indentures.
Indenture \In*den"ture\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indentured}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Indenturing}.]
1. To indent; to make hollows, notches, or wrinkles in; to
furrow.
Though age may creep on, and indenture the brow.
--Woty.
2. To bind by indentures or written contract; as, to
indenture an apprentice.
Indenture \In*den"ture\, v. i.
To run or wind in and out; to be cut or notched; to indent.
--Heywood.
Independence \In`de*pend"ence\, n. [Cf. F. ind['e]pendance.]
1. The state or quality of being independent; freedom from
dependence; exemption from reliance on, or control by,
others; self-subsistence or maintenance; direction of
one's own affairs without interference.
Let fortune do her worst, . . . as long as she never
makes us lose our honesty and our independence.
--Pope.
2. Sufficient means for a comfortable livelihood.
{Declaration of Independence} (Amer. Hist.), the declaration
of the Congress of the Thirteen United States of America,
on the 4th of July, 1776, by which they formally declared
that these colonies were free and independent States, not
subject to the government of Great Britain.
Independency \In`de*pend"en*cy\, n.
1. Independence.
``Give me,'' I cried (enough for me), ``My bread,
and independency!'' --Pope.
2. (Eccl.) Doctrine and polity of the Independents.
Independent \In`de*pend"ent\, a. [Pref. in- not + dependent: cf.
F. ind['e]pendant.]
1. Not dependent; free; not subject to control by others; not
relying on others; not subordinate; as, few men are wholly
independent.
A dry, but independent crust. --Cowper.
2. Affording a comfortable livelihood; as, an independent
property.
3. Not subject to bias or influence; not obsequious;
self-directing; as, a man of an independent mind.
4. Expressing or indicating the feeling of independence;
free; easy; bold; unconstrained; as, an independent air or
manner.
5. Separate from; exclusive; irrespective.
That obligation in general, under which we conceive
ourselves bound to obey a law, independent of those
resources which the law provides for its own
enforcement. --R. P. Ward.
6. (Eccl.) Belonging or pertaining to, or holding to the
doctrines or methods of, the Independents.
7. (Math.) Not dependent upon another quantity in respect to
value or rate of variation; -- said of quantities or
functions.
8. (U. S. Politics) Not bound by party; exercising a free
choice in voting with either or any party.
{Independent company} (Mil.), one not incorporated in any
regiment.
{Independent seconds watch}, a stop watch having a second
hand driven by a separate set of wheels, springs, etc.,
for timing to a fraction of a second.
{Independent variable}. (Math.) See {Dependent variable},
under {Dependent}.
Syn: Free; uncontrolled; separate; uncoerced; self-reliant;
bold; unconstrained; unrestricted.
Independent \In`de*pend"ent\, n.
1. (Eccl.) One who believes that an organized Christian
church is complete in itself, competent to
self-government, and independent of all ecclesiastical
authority.
Note: In England the name is often applied (commonly in the
pl.) to the Congregationalists.
2. (Politics) One who does not acknowledge an obligation to
support a party's candidate under all circumstances; one
who exercises liberty in voting.
Independentism \In`de*pend"ent*ism\, n.
Independency; the church system of Independents. --Bp.
Gauden.
Independently \In`de*pend"ent*ly\, adv.
In an independent manner; without control.
Indeposable \In`de*pos"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being deposed. [R.]
Princes indeposable by the pope. --Bp.
Stillingfleet.
Indepravate \In*dep"ra*vate\, a. [L. indepravatus.]
Undepraved. [R.] --Davies (Holy Roode).
Indeprecable \In*dep"re*ca*ble\, a. [L. indeprecabilis. See
{In-} not, and {Deprecate}.]
Incapable or undeserving of being deprecated. --Cockeram.
Indeprehensible \In*dep`re*hen"si*ble\, a. [L.
indeprehensibilis. See {In-} not, and {Deprehensible}.]
Incapable of being found out. --Bp. Morton.
Indeprivable \In`de*priv"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being deprived, or of being taken away.
Indescribable \In`de*scrib"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being described. -- {In`de*scrib"a*bly}, adv.
Indescriptive \In`de*scrip"tive\, a.
Not descriptive.
Indesert \In`de*sert"\, n.
Ill desert. [R.] --Addison.
Indesinent \In*des"i*nent\, a. [L. indesinens. See {In-} not,
and {Desinent}.]
Not ceasing; perpetual. [Obs.] --Baxter. --
{In*des"i*nent*ly}, adv. [Obs.] --Ray.
Indesirable \In`de*sir"a*ble\, a.
Undesirable.
Indestructibility \In`de*struc`ti*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
indestructibilit['e].]
The quality of being indestructible.
Indestructible \In`de*struc"ti*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
destructible: cf. F. indestructible.]
Not destructible; incapable of decomposition or of being
destroyed. -- {In`de*struc"ti*ble*ness}, n. --
{In`de*struc"ti*bly}, adv.
Indeterminable \In`de*ter"mi*na*ble\, a. [L. indeterminabilis:
cf. F. ind['e]terminable. See {In-} not, and Determine.]
Not determinable; impossible to be determined; not to be
definitely known, ascertained, defined, or limited. --
{In`de*ter"mi*na*bly}, adv.
Indeterminable \In`de*ter"mi*na*ble\, n.
An indeterminable thing or quantity. --Sir T. Browne.
Indeterminate \In`de*ter"mi*nate\, a. [L. indeterminatus.]
Not determinate; not certain or fixed; indefinite; not
precise; as, an indeterminate number of years. --Paley.
{Indeterminate analysis} (Math.), that branch of analysis
which has for its object the solution of indeterminate
problems.
{Indeterminate coefficients} (Math.), coefficients
arbitrarily assumed for convenience of calculation, or to
facilitate some artifice of analysis. Their values are
subsequently determined.
{Indeterminate equation} (Math.), an equation in which the
unknown quantities admit of an infinite number of values,
or sets of values. A group of equations is indeterminate
when it contains more unknown quantities than there are
equations.
{Indeterminate inflorescence} (Bot.), a mode of inflorescence
in which the flowers all arise from axillary buds, the
terminal bud going on to grow and sometimes continuing the
stem indefinitely; -- called also {acropetal, botryose,
centripetal, & indefinite inflorescence}. --Gray.
{Indeterminate problem} (Math.), a problem which admits of an
infinite number of solutions, or one in which there are
fewer imposed conditions than there are unknown or
required results.
{Indeterminate quantity} (Math.), a quantity which has no
fixed value, but which may be varied in accordance with
any proposed condition.
{Indeterminate series} (Math.), a series whose terms proceed
by the powers of an indeterminate quantity, sometimes also
with indeterminate exponents, or indeterminate
coefficients. -- {In`de*ter"mi*nate*ly} adv. --
{In`de*ter"mi*nate*ness}, n.
Indetermination \In`de*ter`mi*na"tion\, n. [Pref. in- not +
determination: cf. ind['e]termination.]
1. Want of determination; an unsettled or wavering state, as
of the mind. --Jer. Taylor.
2. Want of fixed or stated direction. --Abp. Bramhall.
Indetermined \In`de*ter"mined\, a.
Undetermined.
Indevirginate \In`de*vir"gin*ate\, a. [See {In-} not,
{Devirginate}.]
Not devirginate. [Obs.] --Chapman.
Indevote \In*de*vote"\, a. [L. indevotus: cf. F. ind['e]vot. Cf.
{Indevout}.]
Not devoted. [Obs.] --Bentley. Clarendon.
Indevotion \In`de*vo"tion\, n. [L. indevotio: cf. F.
ind['e]votion.]
Want of devotion; impiety; irreligion. ``An age of
indevotion.'' --Jer. Taylor.
Indevout \In*de*vout"\, a. [Pref. in- not + devout. Cf.
{Indevote}.]
Not devout. -- {In*de*vout"ly}, adv.
Indew \In*dew"\, v. t.
To indue. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Index \In"dex\, n.; pl. E. {Indexes}, L. {Indices}(?). [L.: cf.
F. index. See {Indicate}, {Diction}.]
1. That which points out; that which shows, indicates,
manifests, or discloses.
Tastes are the indexes of the different qualities of
plants. --Arbuthnot.
2. That which guides, points out, informs, or directs; a
pointer or a hand that directs to anything, as the hand of
a watch, a movable finger on a gauge, scale, or other
graduated instrument. In printing, a sign [[hand]] used to
direct particular attention to a note or paragraph; --
called also {fist}.
3. A table for facilitating reference to topics, names, and
the like, in a book; -- usually alphabetical in
arrangement, and printed at the end of the volume.
4. A prologue indicating what follows. [Obs.] --Shak.
5. (Anat.) The second digit, that next pollex, in the manus,
or hand; the forefinger; index finger.
6. (Math.) The figure or letter which shows the power or root
of a quantity; the exponent. [In this sense the plural is
always {indices}.]
{Index error}, the error in the reading of a mathematical
instrument arising from the zero of the index not being in
complete adjustment with that of the limb, or with its
theoretically perfect position in the instrument; a
correction to be applied to the instrument readings equal
to the error of the zero adjustment.
{Index expurgatorius}. [L.] See {Index prohibitorius}
(below).
{Index finger}. See {Index}, 5.
{Index glass}, the mirror on the index of a quadrant,
sextant, etc.
{Index hand}, the pointer or hand of a clock, watch, or other
registering machine; a hand that points to something.
{Index of a logarithm} (Math.), the integral part of the
logarithm, and always one less than the number of integral
figures in the given number. It is also called the
{characteristic}.
{Index of refraction}, or {Refractive index} (Opt.), the
number which expresses the ratio of the sine of the angle
of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction. Thus
the index of refraction for sulphur is 2, because, when
light passes out of air into sulphur, the sine of the
angle of incidence is double the sine of the angle of
refraction.
{Index plate}, a graduated circular plate, or one with
circular rows of holes differently spaced; used in
machines for graduating circles, cutting gear teeth, etc.
{Index prohibitorius} [L.], or {Prohibitory index} (R. C.
Ch.), a catalogue of books which are forbidden by the
church to be read; the index expurgatorius [L.], or
expurgatory index, is a catalogue of books from which
passages marked as against faith or morals must be removed
before Catholics can read them. These catalogues are
published with additions, from time to time, by the
Congregation of the Index, composed of cardinals,
theologians, etc., under the sanction of the pope. --Hook.
{Index rerum} [L.], a tabulated and alphabetized notebook,
for systematic preservation of items, quotations, etc.
Index \In"dex\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indexed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Indexing}.]
To provide with an index or table of references; to put into
an index; as, to index a book, or its contents.
Indexer \In"dex*er\, n.
One who makes an index.
Indexical \In*dex"ic*al\, a.
Of, pertaining to, or like, an index; having the form of an
index.
Indexically \In*dex"ic*al*ly\, adv.
In the manner of an index.
Indexterity \In`dex*ter"i*ty\, n. [Pref. in- not + dexterity:
cf. F. indext['e]rit['e].]
Want of dexterity or readiness, especially in the use of the
hands; clumsiness; awkwardness. --Harvey.
India \In"di*a\, n. [See {Indian}.]
A country in Southern Asia; the two peninsulas of Hither and
Farther India; in a restricted sense, Hither India, or
Hindostan.
{India ink}, a nearly black pigment brought chiefly from
China, used for water colors. It is in rolls, or in
square, and consists of lampblack or ivory black and
animal glue. Called also {China ink}. The true India ink
is sepia. See {Sepia}.
{India matting}, floor matting made in China, India, etc.,
from grass and reeds; -- also called {Canton, or China,
matting}.
{India paper}, a variety of Chinese paper, of smooth but not
glossy surface, used for printing from engravings,
woodcuts, etc.
{India proof} (Engraving), a proof impression from an
engraved plate, taken on India paper.
{India rubber}. See {Caoutchouc}.
{India-rubber tree} (Bot.), any tree yielding caoutchouc, but
especially the East Indian {Ficus elastica}, often
cultivated for its large, shining, elliptical leaves.
Indiadem \In*di"a*dem\, v. t.
To place or set in a diadem, as a gem or gems.
Indiaman \In"di*a*man\, n.; pl. {Indiamen}.
A large vessel in the India trade. --Macaulay.
Indian \In"di*an\ (?; 277), a. [From India, and this fr. Indus,
the name of a river in Asia, L. Indus, Gr. ?, OPers. Hindu,
name of the land on the Indus, Skr. sindhu river, the Indus.
Cf. {Hindoo}.]
1. Of or pertaining to India proper; also to the East Indies,
or, sometimes, to the West Indies.
2. Of or pertaining to the aborigines, or Indians, of
America; as, Indian wars; the Indian tomahawk.
3. Made of maize or Indian corn; as, Indian corn, Indian
meal, Indian bread, and the like. [U.S.]
{Indian} bay (Bot.), a lauraceous tree ({Persea Indica}).
{Indian bean} (Bot.), a name of the catalpa.
{Indian berry}. (Bot.) Same as {Cocculus indicus}.
{Indian bread}. (Bot.) Same as {Cassava}.
{Indian club}, a wooden club, which is swung by the hand for
gymnastic exercise.
{Indian cordage}, cordage made of the fibers of cocoanut
husk.
{Indian corn} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Zea} ({Z. Mays});
the maize, a native of America. See {Corn}, and {Maize}.
{Indian cress} (Bot.), nasturtium. See {Nasturtium}, 2.
{Indian cucumber} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Medeola} ({M.
Virginica}), a common in woods in the United States. The
white rootstock has a taste like cucumbers.
{Indian currant} (Bot.), a plant of the genus
{Symphoricarpus} ({S. vulgaris}), bearing small red
berries.
{Indian dye}, the puccoon.
{Indian fig}. (Bot.)
(a) The banyan. See {Banyan}.
(b) The prickly pear.
{Indian file}, single file; arrangement of persons in a row
following one after another, the usual way among Indians
of traversing woods, especially when on the war path.
{Indian fire}, a pyrotechnic composition of sulphur, niter,
and realgar, burning with a brilliant white light.
{Indian grass} (Bot.), a coarse, high grass ({Chrysopogon
nutans}), common in the southern portions of the United
States; wood grass. --Gray.
{Indian hemp}. (Bot.)
(a) A plant of the genus {Apocynum} ({A. cannabinum}),
having a milky juice, and a tough, fibrous bark,
whence the name. The root it used in medicine and is
both emetic and cathartic in properties.
(b) The variety of common hemp ({Cannabis Indica}), from
which hasheesh is obtained.
{Indian mallow} (Bot.), the velvet leaf ({Abutilon
Avicenn[ae]}). See {Abutilon}.
{Indian meal}, ground corn or maize. [U.S.]
{Indian millet} (Bot.), a tall annual grass ({Sorghum
vulgare}), having many varieties, among which are broom
corn, Guinea corn, durra, and the Chinese sugar cane. It
is called also {Guinea corn}. See {Durra}.
{Indian ox} (Zo["o]l.), the zebu.
{Indian paint}. See {Bloodroot}.
{Indian paper}. See {India paper}, under {India}.
{Indian physic} (Bot.), a plant of two species of the genus
{Gillenia} ({G. trifoliata}, and {G. stipulacea}), common
in the United States, the roots of which are used in
medicine as a mild emetic; -- called also {American
ipecac}, and {bowman's root}. --Gray.
{Indian pink}. (Bot.)
(a) The Cypress vine ({Ipom[oe]a Quamoclit}); -- so called
in the West Indies.
(b) See {China pink}, under {China}.
{Indian pipe} (Bot.), a low, fleshy herb ({Monotropa
uniflora}), growing in clusters in dark woods, and having
scalelike leaves, and a solitary nodding flower. The whole
plant is waxy white, but turns black in drying.
{Indian plantain} (Bot.), a name given to several species of
the genus {Cacalia}, tall herbs with composite white
flowers, common through the United States in rich woods.
--Gray.
{Indian poke} (Bot.), a plant usually known as the {white
hellebore} ({Veratrum viride}).
{Indian pudding}, a pudding of which the chief ingredients
are Indian meal, milk, and molasses.
{Indian purple}.
(a) A dull purple color.
(b) The pigment of the same name, intensely blue and
black.
{Indian red}.
(a) A purplish red earth or pigment composed of a silicate
of iron and alumina, with magnesia. It comes from the
Persian Gulf. Called also {Persian red}.
(b) See {Almagra}.
{Indian rice} (Bot.), a reedlike water grass. See {Rice}.
{Indian shot} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Canna} ({C.
Indica}). The hard black seeds are as large as swan shot.
See {Canna}.
{Indian summer}, in the United States, a period of warm and
pleasant weather occurring late in autumn. See under
{Summer}.
{Indian tobacco} (Bot.), a species of {Lobelia}. See
{Lobelia}.
{Indian turnip} (Bot.), an American plant of the genus
{Aris[ae]ma}. {A. triphyllum} has a wrinkled farinaceous
root resembling a small turnip, but with a very acrid
juice. See {Jack in the Pulpit}, and {Wake-robin}.
{Indian wheat}, maize or Indian corn.
{Indian yellow}.
(a) An intense rich yellow color, deeper than gamboge but
less pure than cadmium.
(b) See {Euxanthin}.
Indian \In"di*an\ (?; 277), n.
1. A native or inhabitant of India.
2. One of the aboriginal inhabitants of America; -- so called
originally from the supposed identity of America with
India.
Indianeer \In`di*an*eer"\, n. (Naut.)
An Indiaman.
India rubber \In"di*a rub"ber\
See {Caoutchouc}.
Indical \In"dic*al\, a. [From L. index, indicis, an index.]
Indexical. [R.] --Fuller.
Indican \In"di*can\, n. [See {Indigo}.]
1. (Chem.) A glucoside obtained from woad (indigo plant) and
other plants, as a yellow or light brown sirup. It has a
nauseous bitter taste, a decomposes or drying. By the
action of acids, ferments, etc., it breaks down into sugar
and indigo. It is the source of natural indigo.
2. (Physiol. Chem.) An indigo-forming substance, found in
urine, and other animal fluids, and convertible into red
and blue indigo (urrhodin and uroglaucin). Chemically, it
is indoxyl sulphate of potash, {C8H6NSO4K}, and is derived
from the indol formed in the alimentary canal. Called also
{uroxanthin}.
Indicant \In"di*cant\, a. [L. indicans, p. pr. indicare. See
{Indicate}.]
Serving to point out, as a remedy; indicating.
Indicant \In"di*cant\, n.
That which indicates or points out; as, an indicant of the
remedy for a disease.
Indicate \In"di*cate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indicated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Indicating}.] [L. indicatus, p. p. of indicare to
indicate; pref. in- in + dicare to proclaim; akin to dicere
to say. See {Diction}, and cf. {Indict}, {Indite}.]
1. To point out; to discover; to direct to a knowledge of; to
show; to make known.
That turns and turns to indicate From what point
blows the weather. --Cowper.
2. (Med.) To show or manifest by symptoms; to point to as the
proper remedies; as, great prostration of strength
indicates the use of stimulants.
3. (Mach.) To investigate the condition or power of, as of
steam engine, by means of an indicator.
Syn: To show; mark; signify; denote; discover; evidence;
evince; manifest; declare; specify; explain; exhibit;
present; reveal; disclose; display.
Indicated \In"di*ca`ted\, a.
Shown; denoted; registered; measured.
{Indicated power}. See {Indicated horse power}, under {Horse
power}.
Indication \In`di*ca"tion\, n. [L. indicatio: cf. F.
indication.]
1. Act of pointing out or indicating.
2. That which serves to indicate or point out; mark; token;
sign; symptom; evidence.
The frequent stops they make in the most convenient
places are plain indications of their weariness.
--Addison.
3. Discovery made; information. --Bentley.
4. Explanation; display. [Obs.] --Bacon.
5. (Med.) Any symptom or occurrence in a disease, which
serves to direct to suitable remedies.
Syn: Proof; demonstration; sign; token; mark; evidence;
signal.
Indicative \In*dic"a*tive\, a. [L. indicativus: cf. F.
indicatif.]
1. Pointing out; bringing to notice; giving intimation or
knowledge of something not visible or obvious.
That truth is productive of utility, and utility
indicative of truth, may be thus proved. --Bp.
Warburton.
2. (Fine Arts) Suggestive; representing the whole by a part,
as a fleet by a ship, a forest by a tree, etc.
{Indicative mood} (Gram.), that mood or form of the verb
which indicates, that is, which simply affirms or denies
or inquires; as, he writes; he is not writing; has the
mail arrived?
Indicative \In*dic"a*tive\, n. (Gram.)
The indicative mood.
Indicatively \In*dic"a*tive*ly\, adv.
In an indicative manner; in a way to show or signify.
Indicator \In"di*ca`tor\ ([i^]n"d[i^]*k[=a]`t[~e]r), n. [L.: cf.
F. indicateur.]
1. One who, or that which, shows or points out; as, a fare
indicator in a street car.
2. (Mach.) A pressure gauge; a water gauge, as for a steam
boiler; an apparatus or instrument for showing the working
of a machine or moving part; as:
(a) (Steam Engine) An instrument which draws a diagram
showing the varying pressure in the cylinder of an
engine or pump at every point of the stroke. It
consists of a small cylinder communicating with the
engine cylinder and fitted with a piston which the
varying pressure drives upward more or less against
the resistance of a spring. A lever imparts motion to
a pencil which traces the diagram on a card wrapped
around a vertical drum which is turned back and forth
by a string connected with the piston rod of the
engine. See {Indicator card} (below).
(b) A telltale connected with a hoisting machine, to show,
at the surface, the position of the cage in the shaft
of a mine, etc.
3. (Mech.) The part of an instrument by which an effect is
indicated, as an index or pointer.
4. (Zo["o]l.) Any bird of the genus {Indicator} and allied
genera. See {Honey guide}, under {Honey}.
5. (Chem.) That which indicates the condition of acidity,
alkalinity, or the deficiency, excess, or sufficiency of a
standard reagent, by causing an appearance, disappearance,
or change of color, as in titration or volumetric
analysis.
Note: The common indicators are litmus, trop[ae]olin, phenol
phthalein, potassic permanganate, etc.
{Indicator card}, the figure drawn by an engine indicator, by
means of which the working of the engine can be
investigated and its power calculated. The Illustration
shows one form of indicator card, from a steam engine,
together with scales by which the pressure of the steam
above or below that of the atmosphere, corresponding to
any position of the engine piston in its stroke, can be
measured. Called also {indicator diagram}.
{Indicator telegraph}, a telegraph in which the signals are
the deflections of a magnetic needle, as in the
trans-Atlantic system.
Indicatory \In"di*ca*to*ry\ ([i^]n"d[i^]*k[.a]*t[-o]*r[y^];
277), a.
Serving to show or make known; showing; indicative;
signifying; implying.
Indicatrix \In`di*ca"trix\, n. [NL.] (Geom. of Three Dimensions)
A certain conic section supposed to be drawn in the tangent
plane to any surface, and used to determine the accidents of
curvature of the surface at the point of contact. The curve
is similar to the intersection of the surface with a parallel
to the tangent plane and indefinitely near it. It is an
ellipse when the curvature is synclastic, and an hyperbola
when the curvature is anticlastic.
Indicavit \In`di*ca"vit\, n. [L., he has indicated.] (Eng. Law)
A writ of prohibition against proceeding in the spiritual
court in certain cases, when the suit belongs to the
common-law courts. --Wharton (Law Dict. ).
Indice \In"dice\, n. [F. indice indication, index. See {Index}.]
Index; indication. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Indices \In"di*ces\, n. pl.
See {Index}.
Indicia \In*di"ci*a\, n. pl. [L., pl. of indicium, fr. index an
index.] (Law)
Discriminating marks; signs; tokens; indications;
appearances. --Burrill.
Indicible \In*dic"i*ble\, a. [F.]
Unspeakable. [Obs.]
Indicolite \In*dic"o*lite\, n. [L. indicum indigo + -lite: cf.
F. indicolithe.] (Min.)
A variety of tourmaline of an indigo-blue color.
Indict \In*dict"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indicted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Indicting}.] [OE. enditen. See {Indite}.]
1. To write; to compose; to dictate; to indite. [Obs.]
2. To appoint publicly or by authority; to proclaim or
announce. [Obs.]
I am told shall have no Lent indicted this year.
--Evelyn.
3. (Law) To charge with a crime, in due form of law, by the
finding or presentment of a grand jury; to find an
indictment against; as, to indict a man for arson. It is
the peculiar province of a grand jury to indict, as it is
of a house of representatives to impeach.
Indictable \In*dict"a*ble\, a.
Capable of being, or liable to be, indicted; subject to
indictment; as, an indictable offender or offense.
Indictee \In`dict*ee"\, n. (Law)
A person indicted.
Indicter \In*dict"er\, n.
One who indicts.
Indiction \In*dic"tion\, n. [L. indictio: cf. F. indiction. See
{Indict}, {Indite}.]
1. Declaration; proclamation; public notice or appointment.
[Obs.] ``Indiction of a war.'' --Bacon.
Secular princes did use to indict, or permit the
indiction of, synods of bishops. --Jer. Taylor.
2. A cycle of fifteen years.
Note: This mode of reckoning time is said to have been
introduced by Constantine the Great, in connection with
the payment of tribute. It was adopted at various times
by the Greek emperors of Constantinople, the popes, and
the parliaments of France. Through the influence of the
popes, it was extensively used in the ecclesiastical
chronology of the Middle Ages. The number of indictions
was reckoned at first from 312 a. d., but since the
twelfth century it has been reckoned from the birth of
Christ. The papal indiction is the only one ever used
at the present day. To find the indiction and year of
the indiction by the first method, subtract 312 from
the given year a. d., and divide by 15; by the second
method, add 3 to the given year a. d., and the divide
by 15. In either case, the quotient is the number of
the current indiction, and the remainder the year of
the indiction. See {Cycle of indiction}, under {Cycle}.
Indictive \In*dic"tive\, a. [L. indictivus. See {Indict}.]
Proclaimed; declared; public. --Kennet.
Indictment \In*dict"ment\, n. [Cf. {Inditement}.]
1. The act of indicting, or the state of being indicted.
2. (Law) The formal statement of an offense, as framed by the
prosecuting authority of the State, and found by the grand
jury.
Note: To the validity of an indictment a finding by the grand
jury is essential, while an information rests only on
presentation by the prosecuting authority.
3. An accusation in general; a formal accusation.
{Bill of indictment}. See under {Bill}.
Indictor \In*dict"or\, n. (Law)
One who indicts. --Bacon.
Indies \In"dies\, n. pl.
A name designating the East Indies, also the West Indies.
Our king has all the Indies in his arms. --Shak.
Indifference \In*dif"fer*ence\, n. [L. indifferentia similarity,
want of difference: cf. F. indiff['e]rence.]
1. The quality or state of being indifferent, or not making a
difference; want of sufficient importance to constitute a
difference; absence of weight; insignificance.
2. Passableness; mediocrity.
3. Impartiality; freedom from prejudice, prepossession, or
bias.
He . . . is far from such indifference and equity as
ought and must be in judges which he saith I assign.
--Sir T. More.
4. Absence of anxiety or interest in respect to what is
presented to the mind; unconcernedness; as, entire
indifference to all that occurs.
Indifference can not but be criminal, when it is
conversant about objects which are so far from being
of an indifferent nature, that they are highest
importance. --Addison.
Syn: Carelessness; negligence; unconcern; apathy;
insensibility; coldness; lukewarmness.
Indifferency \In*dif"fer*en*cy\, n.
Absence of interest in, or influence from, anything;
unconcernedness; equilibrium; indifferentism; indifference.
--Gladstone.
To give ourselves to a detestable indifferency or
neutrality in this cause. --Fuller.
Moral liberty . . . does not, after all, consist in a
power of indifferency, or in a power of choosing
without regard to motives. --Hazlitt.
Indifferent \In*dif"fer*ent\, a. [F. indiff['e]rent, L.
indifferens. See {In-} not, and {Different}.]
1. Not mal?ing a difference; having no influence or
preponderating weight; involving no preference, concern,
or attention; of no account; without significance or
importance.
Dangers are to me indifferent. --Shak.
Everything in the world is indifferent but sin.
--Jer. Taylor.
His slightest and most indifferent acts . . . were
odious in the clergyman's sight. --Hawthorne.
2. Neither particularly good, not very bad; of a middle state
or quality; passable; mediocre.
The staterooms are in indifferent order. --Sir W.
Scott.
3. Not inclined to one side, party, or choice more than to
another; neutral; impartial.
Indifferent in his choice to sleep or die.
--Addison.
4. Feeling no interest, anxiety, or care, respecting
anything; unconcerned; inattentive; apathetic; heedless;
as, to be indifferent to the welfare of one's family.
It was a law of Solon, that any person who, in the
civil commotions of the republic, remained neuter,
or an indifferent spectator of the contending
parties, should be condemned to perpetual
banishment. --Addison.
5. (Law) Free from bias or prejudice; impartial; unbiased;
disinterested.
In choice of committees for ripening business for
the counsel, it is better indifferent persons than
to make an indifferency by putting in those that are
strong on both sides. --Bacon.
{Indifferent tissue} (Anat.), the primitive, embryonic,
undifferentiated tissue, before conversion into
connective, muscular, nervous, or other definite tissue.
Indifferent \In*dif"fer*ent\, adv.
To a moderate degree; passably; tolerably. [Obs.] ``News
indifferent good.'' --Shak.
Indifferentism \In*dif"fer*ent*ism\, n. [Cf. F.
indiff['e]rentisme.]
1. State of indifference; want of interest or earnestness;
especially, a systematic apathy regarding what is true or
false in religion or philosophy; agnosticism.
The indifferentism which equalizes all religions and
gives equal rights to truth and error. --Cardinal
Manning.
2. (Metaph.) Same as {Identism}.
3. (R. C. Ch.) A heresy consisting in an unconcern for any
particular creed, provided the morals be right and good.
--Gregory XVI.
Indifferentist \In*dif"fer*ent*ist\, n.
One governed by indifferentism.
Indifferently \In*dif"fer*ent*ly\, adv.
In an indifferent manner; without distinction or preference;
impartially; without concern, wish, affection, or aversion;
tolerably; passably.
That they may truly and indifferently minister justice,
to the punishment of wickedness and vice, and to the
maintenance of thy true religion, and virtue. --Book of
Com. Prayer
[Eng. Ed. ]
Set honor in one eye and death i' the other, And I will
look on both indifferently. --Shak.
I hope it may indifferently entertain your lordship at
an unbending hour. --Rowe.
Indifulvin \In`di*ful"vin\, n. [Indican + L. fulvus reddish
yellow.] (Chem.)
A reddish resinous substance, obtained from indican.
Indifuscin \In`di*fus"cin\, n. [Indican + L. fuscus dusky.]
(Chem.)
A brown amorphous powder, obtained from indican.
Indigeen \In"di*geen\, n.
Same as {Indigene}. --Darwin.
Indigence \In"di*gence\, n. [L. indigentia: cf. F. indigence.
See {Indigent}.]
The condition of being indigent; want of estate, or means of
comfortable subsistence; penury; poverty; as, helpless,
indigence. --Cowper.
Syn: Poverty; penury; destitution; want; need; privation;
lack. See {Poverty}.
Indigency \In"di*gen*cy\, n.
Indigence.
New indigencies founded upon new desires. --South.
Indigene \In"di*gene\, n. [L. indigena: cf. F. indig[`e]ne. See
{Indigenous}.]
One born in a country; an aboriginal animal or plant; an
autochthon. --Evelyn. Tylor.
Indigenous \In*dig"e*nous\, a. [L. indigenus, indigena, fr. OL.
indu (fr. in in) + the root of L. gignere to beget, bear. See
{In}, and {Gender}.]
1. Native; produced, growing, or living, naturally in a
country or climate; not exotic; not imported.
Negroes were all transported from Africa and are not
indigenous or proper natives of America. --Sir T.
Browne.
In America, cotton, being indigenous, is cheap.
--Lion Playas.
2. Native; inherent; innate.
Joy and hope are emotions indigenous to the human
mind. --I. Taylor.
Indigent \In"di*gent\, a. [L. indigent, L. indigens, p. p. of
indigere to stand in need of, fr. OL. indu (fr. in- in) + L.
egere to be needy, to need.]
1. Wanting; void; free; destitute; -- used with of. [Obs.]
--Bacon.
2. Destitute of property or means of comfortable subsistence;
needy; poor; in want; necessitous.
Indigent faint souls past corporal toil. --Shak.
Charity consists in relieving the indigent.
--Addison.
Indigently \In"di*gent*ly\, adv.
In an indigent manner.
Indigest \In`di*gest"\, a. [L. indigestus unarranged. See
{Indigested}.]
Crude; unformed; unorganized; undigested. [Obs.] ``A chaos
rude and indigest.'' --W. Browne. ``Monsters and things
indigest.'' --Shak.
Indigest \In`di*gest"\, n.
Something indigested. [Obs.] --Shak.
Indigested \In`di*gest"ed\, a. [Pref. in- not + digested.]
1. Not digested; undigested. ``Indigested food.'' --Dryden.
2. Not resolved; not regularly disposed and arranged; not
methodical; crude; as, an indigested array of facts.
In hot reformations . . . the whole is generally
crude, harsh, and indigested. --Burke.
This, like an indigested meteor, appeared and
disappeared almost at the same time. --South.
3. (Med.)
(a) Not in a state suitable for healing; -- said of
wounds.
(b) Not ripened or suppurated; -- said of an abscess or
its contents.
4. Not softened by heat, hot water, or steam.
Indigestedness \In`di*gest"ed*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being undigested; crudeness. --Bp.
Burnet.
Indigestibility \In*di*gest`i*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being indigestible; indigestibleness.
Indigestible \In`di*gest"i*ble\, a. [L. indigestibilis: cf. F.
indigestible. See {In-} not, and {Digest}.]
1. Not digestible; not readily soluble in the digestive
juices; not easily convertible into products fitted for
absorption.
2. Not digestible in the mind; distressful; intolerable; as,
an indigestible simile. --T. Warton. --
{In`di*gest"i*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`di*gest"i*bly}, adv.
Indigestion \In`di*ges"tion\ (?; 106), n. [L. indigestio: cf. F.
indigestion. See {In-} not, and {Digest}.]
Lack of proper digestive action; a failure of the normal
changes which food should undergo in the alimentary canal;
dyspepsia; incomplete or difficult digestion.
Indigitate \In*dig"i*tate\, v. i. [Pref. in- in + L. digitus
finger.]
To communicative ideas by the fingers; to show or compute by
the fingers. [Obs.]
Indigitate \In*dig"i*tate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indigitated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Indigitating}.]
To point out with the finger; to indicate. [Obs.]
The depressing this finger, . . . in the right hand
indigitate? six hundred. --Sir T.
Browne.
Indigitation \In*dig`i*ta"tion\, n.
The act of pointing out as with the finger; indication.
[Obs.] --Dr. H. More.
Indiglucin \In`di*glu"cin\, n. [Indican + glucin.] (Chem.)
The variety of sugar (glucose) obtained from the glucoside
indican. It is unfermentable, but reduces Fehling's solution.
Indign \In*dign"\, a. [L. indignus; pref. in- not + dignus
worthy: cf. F. indigne. See {Dignity}.]
Unworthy; undeserving; disgraceful; degrading. --Chaucer.
Counts it scorn to draw Comfort indign from any meaner
thing. --Trench.
Indignance \In*dig"nance\, Indignancy \In*dig"nan*cy\, n.
Indignation. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Indignant \In*dig"nant\, a. [L. indignans, -antis, p. pr. of
indignari to be indignant, disdain. See {Indign}.]
Affected with indignation; wrathful; passionate; irate;
feeling wrath, as when a person is exasperated by unworthy or
unjust treatment, by a mean action, or by a degrading
accusation.
He strides indignant, and with haughty cries To single
fight the fairy prince defies. --Tickell.
Indignantly \In*dig"nant*ly\, adv.
In an indignant manner.
Indignation \In`dig*na"tion\, n. [F. indignation, L. indignatio.
See {Indign}.]
1. The feeling excited by that which is unworthy, base, or
disgraceful; anger mingled with contempt, disgust, or
abhorrence. --Shak.
Indignation expresses a strong and elevated
disapprobation of mind, which is also inspired by
something flagitious in the conduct of another.
--Cogan.
When Haman saw Mordecai in the king's gate, that he
stood not up, nor moved for him, he was full of
indignation against Mordecai. --Esther v. 9.
2. The effect of anger; punishment. --Shak.
Hide thyself . . . until the indignation be
overpast. --Is. xxvi.
20.
Syn: Anger; ire wrath; fury; rage. See {Anger}.
Indignify \In*dig"ni*fy\, v. t. [L. indignus unworthy + -fy.]
To treat disdainfully or with indignity; to contemn. [Obs.]
--Spenser.
Indignity \In*dig"ni*ty\, n.; pl. {Indignities}. [L. indignitas:
cf. F. indignit['e]. See {Indign}.]
Any action toward another which manifests contempt for him;
an offense against personal dignity; unmerited contemptuous
treatment; contumely; incivility or injury, accompanied with
insult.
How might a prince of my great hopes forget So great
indignities you laid upon me? --Shak.
A person of so great place and worth constrained to
endure so foul indignities. --Hooker.
Indignly \In*dign"ly\, adv.
Unworthily. [Obs.]
Indigo \In"di*go\, n.; pl. {Indigoes}. [F. indigo, Sp. indigo,
indico, L. indicum indigo, fr. Indicus Indian. See {Indian}.]
1. A kind of deep blue, one of the seven prismatic colors.
2. (Chem.) A blue dyestuff obtained from several plants
belonging to very different genera and orders; as, the
woad, {Isatis tinctoria}, {Indigofera tinctoria}, {I.
Anil}, {Nereum tinctorium}, etc. It is a dark blue earthy
substance, tasteless and odorless, with a copper-violet
luster when rubbed. Indigo does not exist in the plants as
such, but is obtained by decomposition of the glycoside
indican.
Note: Commercial indigo contains the essential coloring
principle indigo blue or indigotine, with several other
dyes; as, indigo red, indigo brown, etc., and various
impurities. Indigo is insoluble in ordinary reagents,
with the exception of strong sulphuric acid.
{Chinese indigo} (Bot.), {Isatis indigotica}, a kind of woad.
{Wild indigo} (Bot.), the American herb {Baptisia tinctoria}
which yields a poor quality of indigo, as do several other
species of the same genus.
Indigo \In"di*go\, a.
Having the color of, pertaining to, or derived from, indigo.
{Indigo berry} (Bot.), the fruit of the West Indian shrub
{Randia aculeata}, used as a blue dye.
{Indigo bird} (Zo["o]l.), a small North American finch
({Cyanospiza cyanea}). The male is indigo blue in color.
Called also {indigo bunting}.
{Indigo blue}.
(a) The essential coloring material of commercial indigo,
from which it is obtained as a dark blue earthy powder,
with a reddish luster, {C16H10N2O2}, which may be
crystallized by sublimation. Indigo blue is also made
from artificial amido cinnamic acid, and from artificial
isatine; and these methods are of great commercial
importance. Called also {indigotin}.
(b) A dark, dull blue color like the indigo of commerce.
{Indigo brown} (Chem.), a brown resinous substance found in
crude indigo.
{Indigo copper} (Min.), covellite.
{Indigo green}, a green obtained from indigo.
{Indigo plant} (Bot.), a leguminous plant of several species
(genus {Indigofera}), from which indigo is prepared. The
different varieties are natives of Asia, Africa, and
America. Several species are cultivated, of which the most
important are the {I. tinctoria}, or common indigo plant,
the {I. Anil}, a larger species, and the {I. disperma}.
{Indigo purple}, a purple obtained from indigo.
{Indigo red}, a dyestuff, isomeric with indigo blue, obtained
from crude indigo as a dark brown amorphous powder.
{Indigo snake} (Zo["o]l.), the gopher snake.
{Indigo white}, a white crystalline powder obtained by
reduction from indigo blue, and by oxidation easily
changed back to it; -- called also {indigogen}.
{Indigo yellow}, a substance obtained from indigo.
Indigofera \In`di*gof"e*ra\, n. [NL., from E. indigo + L. ferre
to bear.] (Bot.)
A genus of leguminous plants having many species, mostly in
tropical countries, several of them yielding indigo, esp.
{Indigofera tinctoria}, and {I. Anil}.
Indigogen \In"di*go*gen\, n. [Indigo + -gen.]
1. (Chem.) See {Indigo white}, under {Indigo}.
2. (Physiol. Chem.) Same as {Indican}, 2.
Indigometer \In`di*gom"e*ter\, n. [Indigo + -meter.]
An instrument for ascertaining the strength of an indigo
solution, as in volumetric analysis. --Ure.
Indigometry \In`di*gom"e*try\, n.
The art or method of determining the coloring power of
indigo.
Indigotic \In`di*got"ic\, a. [Cf. F. indigotique.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, indigo; as, indigotic acid,
which is also called anilic or nitrosalicylic acid.
Indigotin \In"di*go*tin\, n. (Chem.)
See {Indigo blue}, under {Indigo}.
Indigrubin \In`dig*ru"bin\, n. [Indigo + L. ruber red.]
(Physiol. Chem.)
Same as {Urrhodin}.
Indihumin \In`di*hu"min\, n. [Indican + humin.] (Chem.)
A brown amorphous substance resembling humin, and obtained
from indican.
Indilatory \In*dil"a*to*ry\, a.
Not dilatory. [Obs.]
Indiligence \In*dil"i*gence\, n. [L. indiligentia: cf. F.
indiligence.]
Want of diligence. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Indiligent \In*dil"i*gent\, a. [L. indiligens: cf. F.
indiligent. See {Diligent}.]
Not diligent; idle; slothful. [Obs.] --Feltham. --
{In*dil"i*gent*ly}, adv. [Obs.]
Indiminishable \In`di*min"ish*a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being diminished. [R.] --Milton.
Indin \In"din\, n. [From {Indigo}.] (Chem.)
A dark red crystalline substance, isomeric with and
resembling indigo blue, and obtained from isatide and
dioxindol.
Indirect \In`di*rect"\, a. [Pref. in- not + direct: cf. F.
indirect.]
1. Not direct; not straight or rectilinear; deviating from a
direct line or course; circuitous; as, an indirect road.
2. Not tending to an aim, purpose, or result by the plainest
course, or by obvious means, but obliquely or
consequentially; by remote means; as, an indirect
accusation, attack, answer, or proposal.
By what bypaths and indirect, crooked ways I met
this crown. --Shak.
3. Not straightforward or upright; unfair; dishonest; tending
to mislead or deceive.
Indirect dealing will be discovered one time or
other. --Tillotson.
4. Not resulting directly from an act or cause, but more or
less remotely connected with or growing out of it; as,
indirect results, damages, or claims.
5. (Logic & Math.) Not reaching the end aimed at by the most
plain and direct method; as, an indirect proof,
demonstration, etc.
{Indirect claims}, claims for remote or consequential damage.
Such claims were presented to and thrown out by the
commissioners who arbitrated the damage inflicted on the
United States by the Confederate States cruisers built and
supplied by Great Britain.
{Indirect demonstration}, a mode of demonstration in which
proof is given by showing that any other supposition
involves an absurdity (reductio ad absurdum), or an
impossibility; thus, one quantity may be proved equal to
another by showing that it can be neither greater nor
less.
{Indirect discourse}. (Gram.) See {Direct discourse}, under
{Direct}.
{Indirect evidence}, evidence or testimony which is
circumstantial or inferential, but without witness; --
opposed to {direct evidence}.
{Indirect tax}, a tax, such as customs, excises,
etc., exacted directly from the merchant, but paid indirectly by
the consumer in the higher price demanded for the articles of
merchandise.
Indirected \In`di*rect"ed\, a.
Not directed; aimless. [Obs.]
Indirection \In`di*rec"tion\, n. [Cf. F. indirection.]
Oblique course or means; dishonest practices; indirectness.
``By indirections find directions out.'' --Shak.
Indirectly \In`di*rect"ly\, adv.
In an direct manner; not in a straight line or course; not in
express terms; obliquely; not by direct means; hence,
unfairly; wrongly.
To tax it indirectly by taxing their expense. --A.
Smith.
Your crown and kingdom indirectly held. --Shak.
Indirectness \In`di*rect"ness\, n.
1. The quality or state of being indirect; obliquity;
deviousness; crookedness.
2. Deviation from an upright or straightforward course;
unfairness; dishonesty. --W. Montagu.
Indiretin \In`di*re"tin\, n. [Indian + Gr. ? resin.] (Chem.)
A dark brown resinous substance obtained from indican.
Indirubin \In`di*ru"bin\, n. [Indigo + L. ruber red.] (Chem.)
A substance isomeric with, and resembling, indigo blue, and
accompanying it as a side product, in its artificial
production.
Indiscernible \In`dis*cern"i*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
discernible: cf. F. indiscernable.]
Not to be discerned; imperceptible; not discoverable or
visible.
Secret and indiscernible ways. --Jer. Taylor.
-- {In`dis*cern"i*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`dis*cern"i*bly}, adv.
Indiscerpibility \In`dis*cerp`i*bil"i*ty\, Indiscerptibility
\In`dis*cerp`ti*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being indiscerpible. [Obs.] --Dr. H.
More.
Indiscerpible \In`dis*cerp"i*ble\, Indiscerptible
\In`dis*cerp"ti*ble\, a.
Not discerpible; inseparable. [Obs.] --Bp. Butler. --
{In`dis*cerp"i*ble*ness}, n., {In`dis*cerp"ti*ble*ness}, n.
[Obs.] -- {In`dis*cerp"ti*bly}, adv. [Obs.]
Indisciplinable \In*dis"ci*plin*a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
disciplinable: cf. F. indisciplinable.]
Not disciplinable; undisciplinable. [R.]
Indiscipline \In*dis"ci*pline\, n. [L. indisplina: cf. F.
indiscipline. See {In-} not, and {Discipline}.]
Want of discipline or instruction. [R.]
Indiscoverable \In`dis*cov"er*a*ble\, a.
Not discoverable; undiscoverable. --J. Conybeare.
Indiscovery \In`dis*cov"er*y\, n.
Want of discovery. [Obs.]
Indiscreet \In`dis*creet"\, a. [OE. indiscret, F. indiscret, fr.
L. indiscretus unseparated, indiscreet. See {In-} not, and
{Discreet}, and cf. {Indiscrete}.]
Not discreet; wanting in discretion.
So drunken, and so indiscreet an officer. --Shak.
Syn: Imprudent; injudicious; inconsiderate; rash; hasty;
incautious; heedless; undiscerning; foolish. --
{In`dis*creet"ly}, adv. -- {In`dis*creet"ness}, n.
Indiscrete \In`dis*crete"\, a. [L. indiscretus unseparated. See
{Indiscreet}.]
1. Indiscreet. [Obs.] --Boyle.
2. Not discrete or separated; compact; homogenous.
An indiscrete mass of confused matter. --Pownall.
Indiscretion \In`dis*cre"tion\, n. [Pref. in- not + discretion:
cf. F. indiscr['e]tion.]
1. The quality or state of being indiscreet; want of
discretion; imprudence.
2. An indiscreet act; indiscreet behavior.
Past indiscretion is a venial crime. --Cowper.
Indiscriminate \In`dis*crim"i*nate\, a.
Not discriminate; wanting discrimination; undistinguishing;
not making any distinction; confused; promiscuous. ``Blind or
indiscriminate forgiveness.'' --I. Taylor.
The indiscriminate defense of right and wrong.
--Junius.
-- {In`dis*crim"i*nate*ly}, adv. --Cowper.
Indiscriminating \In`dis*crim"i*na`ting\, a.
Not discriminating. -- {In`dis*crim"i*na`ting*ly}, adv.
Indiscrimination \In`dis*crim`i*na"tion\, n.
Want of discrimination or distinction; impartiality.
--Jefferson.
Indiscriminative \In`dis*crim"i*na*tive\, a.
Making no distinction; not discriminating.
Indiscussed \In`dis*cussed"\, a. [Pref. in- not + discuss: cf.
L. indiscussus.]
Not discussed. [Obs.] --Donne.
Indispensability \In`dis*pen`sa*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
indispensabilit['e].]
Indispensableness.
Indispensable \In`dis*pen"sa*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
dispensable: cf. F. indispensable.]
1. Not dispensable; impossible to be omitted, remitted, or
spared; absolutely necessary or requisite.
2. (Eccl.) Not admitting dispensation; not subject to release
or exemption. [R.]
The law was moral and indispensable. --Bp. Burnet.
3. Unavoidable; inevitable. [Obs.] --Fuller.
Indispensableness \In`dis*pen"sa*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being indispensable, or absolutely
necessary. --S. Clarke.
Indispensably \In`dis*pen"sa*bly\, adv.
In an indispensable manner. ``Indispensably necessary.''
--Bp. Warburton.
Indispersed \In`dis*persed"\, a.
Not dispersed. [R.]
Indispose \In`dis*pose"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indisposed}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Indisposing}.] [OE. indispos indisposed,
feeble, or F. indispos['e] indisposed. See {In-} not, and
{Dispose}.]
1. To render unfit or unsuited; to disqualify.
2. To disorder slightly as regards health; to make somewhat.
--Shak.
It made him rather indisposed than sick. --Walton.
3. To disincline; to render averse or unfavorable; as, a love
of pleasure indisposes the mind to severe study; the pride
and selfishness of men indispose them to religious duties.
The king was sufficiently indisposed towards the
persons, or the principles, of Calvin's disciples.
--Clarendon.
Indisposedness \In`dis*pos"ed*ness\, n.
The condition or quality of being indisposed. [R.] --Bp.
Hall.
Indisposition \In*dis`po*si"tion\, n. [Cf. F. indisposition.]
1. The state of being indisposed; disinclination; as, the
indisposition of two substances to combine.
A general indisposition towards believing.
--Atterbury.
2. A slight disorder or illness.
Rather as an indisposition in health than as any set
sickness. --Hayward.
Indisputability \In*dis`pu*ta*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
indisputabilit['e].]
Indisputableness.
Indisputable \In*dis"pu*ta*ble\ (?; 277), a. [Pref. in- not +
disputable: cf. F. indisputable.]
Not disputable; incontrovertible; too evident to admit of
dispute.
Syn: Incontestable; unquestionable; incontrovertible;
undeniable; irrefragable; certain; positive; undoubted;
sure; infallible. -- {In*dis"pu*ta*ble*ness}, n. --
{In*dis"pu*ta*bly}, adv.
Indisputed \In`dis*put"ed\, a.
Undisputed.
Indissipable \In*dis"si*pa*ble\, a.
Incapable o? being dissipated.
Indisdolubility \In*dis`do*lu*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
indissolubilit['e].]
The quality or state of being indissoluble.
Indissoluble \In*dis"so*lu*ble\, a. [L. indissolubilis: cf. F.
indissoluble. See {In-} not, and {Dissoluble}, and cf.
{Indissolvable}.]
1. Not dissoluble; not capable of being dissolved, melted, or
liquefied; insoluble; as few substances are indissoluble
by heat, but many are indissoluble in water. --Boyle.
2. Incapable of being rightfully broken or dissolved;
perpetually binding or obligatory; firm; stable, as, an
indissoluble league or covenant.
To the which my duties Are with a most indissoluble
tie Forever knit. --Shak.
Indissolubleness \In*dis"so*lu*ble*ness\, n.
Indissolubility. --Sir M. Hale.
Indissolubly \In*dis"so*lu*bly\, adv.
In an indissoluble manner.
On they move, indissolubly firm. --Milton.
Indissolvable \In`dis*solv"a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
dissolvable. Cf. {Indissoluble}.]
Not dissolvable; incapable of being dissolved or separated;
incapable o? separation; perpetually firm and binding;
indissoluble; as, an indissolvable bond of union. --Bp.
Warburton.
Indissolvableness \In`dis*solv"a*ble*ness\, n.
Indissolubleness.
Indistancy \In*dis"tan*cy\, n.
Want of distance o? separation; nearness. [Obs.] --Bp.
Pearson.
Indistinct \In`dis*tinct"\, a. [L. indistinctus: cf. F.
indistinct. See {In-} not, and {Distinct}.]
1. Not distinct or distinguishable; not separate in such a
manner as to be perceptible by itself; as, the indistinct
parts of a substance. ``Indistinct as water is in water.''
--Shak.
2. Obscure to the mind or senses; not clear; not definite;
confused; imperfect; faint; as, indistinct vision; an
indistinct sound; an indistinct idea or recollection.
When we come to parts too small four our senses, our
ideas of these little bodies become obscure and
indistinct. --I. Watts.
Their views, indeed, are indistinct and dim.
--Cowper.
Syn: Undefined; indistinguishable; obscure; indefinite;
vague; ambiguous; uncertain; confused.
Indistinctible \In`dis*tinc"ti*ble\, a.
Indistinguishable. [Obs.] --T. Warton.
Indistinction \In`dis*tinc"tion\, n. [Cf. F. indistinction.]
Want of distinction or distinguishableness; confusion;
uncertainty; indiscrimination.
The indistinction of many of the same name . . . hath
made some doubt. --Sir T.
Browne.
An indistinction of all persons, or equality of all
orders, is far from being agreeable to the will of God.
--Sprat.
Indistinctive \In`dis*tinc"tive\, a.
Having nothing distinctive; common. --
{In`dis*tinc"tive*ness}, n.
Indistinctly \In`dis*tinct"ly\, adv.
In an indistinct manner; not clearly; confusedly; dimly; as,
certain ideas are indistinctly comprehended.
In its sides it was bounded distinctly, but on its ends
confusedly an indistinctly. --Sir I.
Newton.
Indistinctness \In`dis*tinct"ness\, n.
The quality or condition of being indistinct; want of
definiteness; dimness; confusion; as, the indistinctness of a
picture, or of comprehension; indistinctness of vision.
Indistinguishable \In`dis*tin"guish*a*ble\, a.
Not distinguishable; not capable of being perceived, known,
or discriminated as separate and distinct; hence, not capable
of being perceived or known; as, in the distance the flagship
was indisguishable; the two copies were indisguishable in
form or color; the difference between them was
indisguishable.
Indistinguishably \In`dis*tin"guish*a*bly\, adv.
In a indistinguishable manner. --Sir W. Scott.
Indistinguished \In`dis*tin"guished\, a.
Indistinct. [R.] ``That indistinguished mass.'' --Sir T.
Browne.
Indistinguishing \In`dis*tin"guish*ing\, a.
Making no difference; indiscriminative; impartial; as,
indistinguishing liberalities. [Obs.] --Johnson.
Indisturbance \In`dis*turb"ance\, n.
Freedom from disturbance; calmness; repose; apathy;
indifference.
Inditch \In*ditch"\, v. t.
To bury in, or cast into, a ditch. --Bp. Hall.
Indite \In*dite"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indited}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inditing}.] [OE. enditen to indite, indict, OF. enditer
to indicate, show, dictate, write, inform, and endicter to
accuse; both fr. LL. indictare to show, to accuse, fr. L.
indicere to proclaim, announce; pref. in- in + dicere to say.
The word was influenced also by L. indicare to indicate, and
by dictare to dictate. See {Diction}, and cf. {Indict},
{Indicate}, {Dictate}.]
1. To compose; to write; to be author of; to dictate; to
prompt.
My heart is inditing a good matter. --Ps. xlv. 1.
Could a common grief have indited such expressions?
--South.
Hear how learned Greece her useful rules indites.
--Pope.
2. To invite or ask. [Obs.]
She will indite him so supper. --Shak.
3. To indict; to accuse; to censure. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Indite \In*dite"\, v. i.
To compose; to write, as a poem.
Wounded I sing, tormented I indite. --Herbert.
Inditement \In*dite"ment\, n. [Cf. {Indictment}.]
The act of inditing. --Craig.
Inditer \In*dit"er\, n.
One who indites. --Smart.
Indium \In"di*um\, n. [NL. See {Indigo}.] (Chem.)
A rare metallic element, discovered in certain ores of zinc,
by means of its characteristic spectrum of two indigo blue
lines; hence, its name. In appearance it resembles zinc,
being white or lead gray, soft, malleable and easily fusible,
but in its chemical relation it resembles aluminium or
gallium. Symbol In. Atomic weight, 113.4.
Indivertible \In`di*vert"i*ble\, a.
Not to be diverted or turned aside. [R.] --Lamb.
Individable \In`di*vid"a*ble\, a.
Indivisible. [R.] --Shak.
Individed \In`di*vid"ed\, a.
Undivided. [R.] --Bp. Patrick.
Individual \In`di*vid"u*al\ (?; 135), a. [L. individuus
indivisible; pref. in- not + dividuus divisible, fr. dividere
to divide: cf. F. individuel. See {Divide}.]
1. Not divided, or not to be divided; existing as one entity,
or distinct being or object; single; one; as, an
individual man, animal, or city.
Mind has a being of its own, distinct from that of
all other things, and is pure, unmingled, individual
substance. --A. Tucker.
United as one individual soul. --Milton.
2. Of or pertaining to one only; peculiar to, or
characteristic of, a single person or thing; distinctive;
as, individual traits of character; individual exertions;
individual peculiarities.
Individual \In`di*vid"u*al\, n.
1. A single person, animal, or thing of any kind; a thing or
being incapable of separation or division, without losing
its identity; especially, a human being; a person.
--Cowper.
An object which is in the strict and primary sense
one, and can not be logically divided, is called an
individual. --Whately.
That individuals die, his will ordains. --Dryden.
2. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) An independent, or partially independent, zooid of a
compound animal.
(b) The product of a single egg, whether it remains a
single animal or becomes compound by budding or
fission.
Individualism \In`di*vid"u*al*ism\, n. [Cf. F. individualisme.]
1. The quality of being individual; individuality;
personality.
2. An excessive or exclusive regard to one's personal
interest; self-interest; selfishness.
The selfishness of the small proprietor has been
described by the best writers as individualism.
--Ed. Rev.
Individualistic \In`di*vid`u*al*is"tic\, a.
Of or pertaining to the individual or individualism. --London
Athen[ae]um.
Individuality \In`di*vid`u*al"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Individualities}.
[Cf. F. individualit['e].]
1. The quality or state of being individual or constituting
an individual; separate or distinct existence; oneness;
unity. --Arbuthnot.
They possess separate individualities. --H. Spencer.
2. The character or property appropriate or peculiar to an
individual; that quality which distinguishes one person or
thing from another; the sum of characteristic traits;
distinctive character; as, he is a person of marked
individuality.
Individualization \In`di*vid`u*al*i*za"tion\, n. [Cf. F.
individualization.]
The act of individualizing; the state of being
individualized; individuation.
Individualize \In`di*vid"u*al*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Individualized}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Individualizing}.] [Cf. F.
individualiser.]
The mark as an individual, or to distinguish from others by
peculiar properties; to invest with individuality.
The peculiarities which individualize and distinguish
the humor of Addison. --N. Drake.
Individualizer \In`di*vid"u*al*i`zer\, n.
One who individualizes.
Individually \In`di*vid"u*al*ly\, adv.
1. In an individual manner or relation; as individuals;
separately; each by itself. ``Individually or
collectively.'' --Burke.
How should that subsist solitarily by itself which
hath no substance, but individually the very same
whereby others subsist with it? --Hooker.
2. In an inseparable manner; inseparably; incommunicably;
indivisibly; as, individuallyhe same.
[Omniscience], an attribute individually proper to
the Godhead. --Hakewill.
Individuate \In`di*vid"u*ate\, a. [See {Individual}.]
Undivided. [Obs.]
Individuate \In`di*vid"u*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Individua}ted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. {Individuating}.]
To distinguish from others from others of the species; to
endow with individuality; to divide into individuals; to
discriminate.
The soul, as the prime individuating principle, and the
said reserved portion of matter as an essential and
radical part of the individuation, shall . . . make up
and restore the same individual person. --South.
Life is individuated into infinite numbers, that have
their distinct sense and pleasure. --Dr. H. More.
Individuation \In`di*vid`u*a"tion\, n. [Cf. F. individuation.]
The act of individuating or state of being individuated;
individualization. --H. Spencer.
Individuator \In`di*vid"u*a`tor\, n.
One who, or that which, individuates. --Sir K. Digby.
Individuity \In`di*vi*du"i*ty\, n. [L. individuitas.]
Separate existence; individuality; oneness. --Fuller.
Indivinity \In`di*vin"i*ty\, n. [Pref. in- not + divinity: cf.
F. indivinit['e].]
Want or absence of divine power or of divinity. [Obs.] --Sir
T. Browne.
Indivisibility \In`di*vis`i*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
indivisibilit['e].]
The state or property of being indivisible or inseparable;
inseparability. --Locke.
Indivisible \In`di*vis"i*ble\, a. [L. indivisibilis: cf. F.
indivisible. See {In-} not, and {Divisible}.]
1. Not divisible; incapable of being divided, separated, or
broken; not separable into parts. ``One indivisible point
of time.'' --Dryden.
2. (Math.) Not capable of exact division, as one quantity by
another; incommensurable.
Indivisible \In`di*vis"i*ble\, n.
1. That which is indivisible.
By atom, nobody will imagine we intend to express a
perfect indivisible, but only the least sort of
natural bodies. --Digby.
2. (Geom.) An infinitely small quantity which is assumed to
admit of no further division.
{Method of indivisibles}, a kind of calculus, formerly in
use, in which lines were considered as made up of an
infinite number of points; surfaces, as made up of an
infinite number of lines; and volumes, as made up of an
infinite number of surfaces.
Indivisibleness \In`di*vis"i*ble*ness\, n.
The state of being indivisible; indivisibility. --W. Montagu.
Indivisibly \In`di*vis"i*bly\, adv.
In an indivisible manner.
Indivision \In`di*vi"sion\, n. [Pref. in- not + division: cf. F.
indivision, LL. indivisio.]
A state of being not divided; oneness. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Indo- \In"do-\ [From L. Indus East Indian.]
A prefix signifying Indian (i. e., East Indian); of or
pertaining of India.
Indoaniline \In`do*an"i*line\, n. [Indigo + aniline.] (Chem.)
Any one of a series of artificial blue dyes, in appearance
resembling indigo, for which they are often used as
substitutes.
IndoBriton \In`do*Brit"on\, n. [Indo- + Briton.]
A person born in India, of mixed Indian and British blood; a
half-caste. --Malcom.
Indo-Chinese \In`do-Chi*nese"\, a. [Indo- + Chinese.]
Of or pertaining to Indo-China (i. e., Farther India, or
India beyond the Ganges).
Indocibility \In*doc`i*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state of being indocible; indocibleness; indocility.
Indocible \In*doc"i*ble\, a. [L. indocibilis. See {In-} not, and
{Docible}.]
Incapable of being taught, or not easily instructed; dull in
intellect; intractable; unteachable; indocile. --Bp. Hall. --
{In*doc"i*ble*ness}, n.
Indocile \In*doc"ile\, a. [L. indocilis: cf. F. indocile. See
{In-} not, and {Docile}.]
Not teachable; indisposed to be taught, trained, or
disciplined; not easily instructed or governed; dull;
intractable.
Indocility \In`do*cil"i*ty\, n. [L. indocilitas: cf. F.
indocilit['e].]
The quality or state of being indocile; dullness of
intellect; unteachableness; intractableness.
The stiffness and indocility of the Pharisees. --W.
Montagu.
Indoctrinate \In*doc"tri*nate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Indoctrinated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Indoctrinating}.] [Pref.
in- in + L. doctrina doctrine: cf. F. endoctriner.]
To instruct in the rudiments or principles of learning, or of
a branch of learning; to imbue with learning; to instruct in,
or imbue with, principles or doctrines; to teach; -- often
followed by in.
A master that . . . took much delight in indoctrinating
his young, unexperienced favorite. --Clarendon.
Indoctrination \In*doc`tri*na"tion\, n.
The act of indoctrinating, or the condition of being
indoctrinated; instruction in the rudiments and principles of
any science or system of belief; information. --Sir T.
Browne.
Indo-English \In`do-Eng"lish\, a. [Indo- + English.]
Of or relating to the English who are born or reside in
India; Anglo-Indian.
Indo-European \In`do-Eu`ro*pe"an\, a.
Aryan; -- applied to the languages of India and Europe which
are derived from the prehistoric Aryan language; also,
pertaining to the people or nations who speak these
languages; as, the Indo-European or Aryan family.
The common origin of the Indo-European nations.
--Tylor.
Indogen \In"do*gen\, n. [Indigo + -gen.] (Chem.)
A complex, nitrogenous radical, {C8H5NO}, regarded as the
essential nucleus of indigo.
Indogenide \In"do*gen*ide\, n. (Chem.)
Any one of the derivatives of indogen, which contain that
group as a nucleus.
Indo-Germanic \In`do-Ger*man"ic\, a. [Indo- + Germanic.]
1. Same as {Aryan}, and {Indo-European}.
2. Pertaining to or denoting the Teutonic family of languages
as related to the Sanskrit, or derived from the ancient
Aryan language.
Indoin \In"do*in\, n. (Chem.)
A substance resembling indigo blue, obtained artificially
from certain isatogen compounds.
Indol \In"dol\, n. [Indigo + -ol of phenol.] (Physiol. Chem.)
A white, crystalline substance, {C8H7N}, obtained from blue
indigo, and almost all indigo derivatives, by a process of
reduction. It is also formed from albuminous matter, together
with skatol, by putrefaction, and by fusion with caustic
potash, and is present in human excrement, as well as in the
intestinal canal of some herbivora.
Indolence \In"do*lence\, n. [L. indolentia freedom from pain:
cf. F. indolence.]
1. Freedom from that which pains, or harasses, as toil, care,
grief, etc. [Obs.]
I have ease, if it may not rather be called
indolence. --Bp. Hough.
2. The quality or condition of being indolent; inaction, or
want of exertion of body or mind, proceeding from love of
ease or aversion to toil; habitual idleness; indisposition
to labor; laziness; sloth; inactivity.
Life spent in indolence, and therefore sad.
--Cowper.
As there is a great truth wrapped up in
``diligence,'' what a lie, on the other hand, lurks
at the root of our present use of the word
``indolence''! This is from ``in'' and ``doleo,''
not to grieve; and indolence is thus a state in
which we have no grief or pain; so that the word, as
we now employ it, seems to affirm that indulgence in
sloth and ease is that which would constitute for us
the absence of all pain. --Trench.
Indolency \In"do*len*cy\, n.
Indolence. [Obs.] --Holland.
Indolent \In"do*lent\, a. [Pref. in- not + L. dolens, -entis, p.
pr. of dolere to feel pain: cf. F. indolent. See {Dolorous}.]
1. Free from toil, pain, or trouble. [Obs.]
2. Indulging in ease; avoiding labor and exertion; habitually
idle; lazy; inactive; as, an indolent man.
To waste long nights in indolent repose. --Pope.
3. (Med.) Causing little or no pain or annoyance; as, an
indolent tumor.
Syn: Idle; lazy; slothful; sluggish; listless; inactive;
inert. See {Idle}.
Indolently \In"do*lent*ly\, adv.
In an indolent manner.
Calm and serene you indolently sit. --Addison.
Indoles \In"do*les\, n. [L. Cf. {Adolescence}.]
Natural disposition; natural quality or abilities.
Indolin \In"do*lin\, n. [See {Indol}.] (Chem.)
A dark resinous substance, polymeric with indol, and obtained
by the reduction of indigo white.
Indomable \In*dom"a*ble\, a. [L. indomabilis; pref. in- not +
domabilis tamable.]
Indomitable. [Obs.]
Indomitable \In*dom"i*ta*ble\, a. [L. indomitabilis; pref. in-
not + domitare, intens. fr. domare to tame. See {Tame}.]
Not to be subdued; untamable; invincible; as, an indomitable
will, courage, animal.
Indomite \In*dom"ite\, a. [L. indomitus.]
Not tamed; untamed; savage; wild. [Obs.] --J. Salkeld.
Indomptable \In*domp"ta*ble\, a. [F. indomptable, L.
indomitabilis.]
Indomitable. [Obs.] --Tooke.
Indoor \In"door`\, a.
Done or being within doors; within a house or institution;
domestic; as, indoor work.
Indoors \In"doors`\, adv.
Within the house; -- usually separated, in doors.
Indophenol \In`do*phe"nol\, n. [Indigo + phenol.] (Chem.)
Any one of a series of artificial blue dyestuffs, resembling
indigo in appearance, and obtained by the action of phenol on
certain nitrogenous derivatives of quinone. Simple indophenol
proper has not yet been isolated.
Indorsable \In*dors"a*ble\, a.
Capable of being indorsed; transferable; convertible.
Indorsation \In`dor*sa"tion\, n.
Indorsement. [Obs.]
Indorse \In*dorse"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indorsed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Indorsing}.] [LL. indorsare. See {Endorse}.] [Written
also {endorse}.]
1. To cover the back of; to load or burden. [Obs.]
Elephants indorsed with towers. --Milton.
2. To write upon the back or outside of a paper or letter, as
a direction, heading, memorandum, or address.
3. (Law & Com.) To write one's name, alone or with other
words, upon the back of (a paper), for the purpose of
transferring it, or to secure the payment of a ?ote,
draft, or the like; to guarantee the payment, fulfillment,
performance, or validity of, or to certify something upon
the back of (a check, draft, writ, warrant of arrest,
etc.).
4. To give one's name or support to; to sanction; to aid by
approval; to approve; as, to indorse an opinion.
{To indorse in blank}, to write one's name on the back of a
note or bill, leaving a blank to be filled by the holder.
Indorsed \In*dorsed"\, a. (Her.)
See {Addorsed}.
Indorsee \In`dor*see"\, n.
The person to whom a note or bill is indorsed, or assigned by
indorsement.
Indorsement \In*dorse"ment\, n. [From {Indorse}; cf.
{Endorsement}.] [Written also {endorsement}.]
1. The act of writing on the back of a note, bill, or other
written instrument.
2. That which is written on the back of a note, bill, or
other paper, as a name, an order for, or a receipt of,
payment, or the return of an officer, etc.; a writing,
usually upon the back, but sometimes on the face, of a
negotiable instrument, by which the property therein is
assigned and transferred. --Story. Byles. Burrill.
3. Sanction, support, or approval; as, the indorsement of a
rumor, an opinion, a course, conduct.
{Blank indorsement}. See under {Blank}.
Indorser \In*dors"er\, Indorsor \In*dors"or\, n.
The person who indorses. [Written also {endorser}.]
Indow \In*dow"\, v. t.
See {Endow}.
Indowment \In*dow"ment\, n.
See {Endowment}.
Indoxyl \In*dox"yl\, n. [Indigo + hydroxyl.] (Chem.)
A nitrogenous substance, {C8H7NO}, isomeric with oxindol,
obtained as an oily liquid.
Indoxylic \In`dox*yl"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Of or pertaining to, or producing, indoxyl; as, indoxylic
acid.
Indraught \In"draught`\, n.
1. An opening from the sea into the land; an inlet. [Obs.]
--Sir W. Raleigh.
2. A draught of air or flow of water setting inward.
Indrawn \In"drawn`\, a.
Drawn in.
Indrench \In*drench"\, v. t.
To overwhelm with water; to drench; to drown. [Obs.] --Shak.
Indris \In"dris\, Indri \In"dri\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
Any lemurine animal of the genus {Indris}.
Note: Several species are known, all of them natives of
Madagascar, as the diadem indris ({I. diadema}), which
has a white ruff around the forehead; the woolly indris
({I. laniger}); and the short-tailed or black indris
({I. brevicaudatus}), which is black, varied with gray.
Indubious \In*du"bi*ous\, a. [L. indubius. See {In-} not, and
{Dubious}.]
1. Not dubious or doubtful; certain.
2. Not doubting; unsuspecting. ``Indubious confidence.''
--Harvey.
Indubitable \In*du"bi*ta*ble\, a. [L. indubitabilis: cf. F.
indubitable. See {In-} not, and {Dubitable}.]
Not dubitable or doubtful; too evident to admit of doubt;
unquestionable; evident; apparently certain; as, an
indubitable conclusion. -- n. That which is indubitable.
Syn: Unquestionable; evident; incontrovertible;
incontestable; undeniable; irrefragable.
Indubitableness \In*du"bi*ta*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being indubitable.
Indubitably \In*du"bi*ta*bly\, adv.
Undoubtedly; unquestionably; in a manner to remove all doubt.
Oracles indubitably clear and infallibly certain.
--Barrow.
Indubitate \In*du"bi*tate\, a. [L. indubitatus; pref. in- not +
dubitatus, p. p. of dubitare to doubt.]
Not questioned or doubtful; evident; certain. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Indubitate \In*du"bi*tate\, v. t. [L. indubitatus, p. p. of
indubitare; pref. in- in + dubitare to doubt.]
To bring into doubt; to cause to be doubted. [Obs.]
To conceal, or indubitate, his exigency. --Sir T.
Browne.
Induce \In*duce"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Induced}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inducing}.] [L. inducere, inductum; pref. in- in + ducere
to lead. See {Duke}, and cf. {Induct}.]
1. To lead in; to introduce. [Obs.]
The poet may be seen inducing his personages in the
first Iliad. --Pope.
2. To draw on; to overspread. [A Latinism] --Cowper.
3. To lead on; to influence; to prevail on; to incite; to
move by persuasion or influence. --Shak.
He is not obliged by your offer to do it, . . .
though he may be induced, persuaded, prevailed upon,
tempted. --Paley.
Let not the covetous desire of growing rich induce
you to ruin your reputation. --Dryden.
4. To bring on; to effect; to cause; as, a fever induced by
fatigue or exposure.
Sour things induces a contraction in the nerves.
--Bacon.
5. (Physics) To produce, or cause, by proximity without
contact or transmission, as a particular electric or
magnetic condition in a body, by the approach of another
body in an opposite electric or magnetic state.
6. (Logic) To generalize or conclude as an inference from all
the particulars; -- the opposite of deduce.
Syn: To move; instigate; urge; impel; incite; press;
influence; actuate.
Inducement \In*duce"ment\, n. [From {Induce}.]
1. The act of inducing, or the state of being induced.
2. That which induces; a motive or consideration that leads
one to action or induces one to act; as, reward is an
inducement to toil. ``Mark the inducement.'' --Shak.
3. (Law) Matter stated by way of explanatory preamble or
introduction to the main allegations of a pleading; a
leading to.
Syn: Motive; reason; influence. See {Motive}.
Inducer \In*du"cer\, n.
One who, or that which, induces or incites.
Inducible \In*du"ci*ble\, a.
1. Capable of being induced, caused, or made to take place.
2. Obtainable by induction; derivable; inferable.
Induct \In*duct"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inducted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inducting}.] [L. inductus, p. p. of inducere. See
{Induce}.]
1. To bring in; to introduce; to usher in.
The independent orator inducting himself without
further ceremony into the pulpit. --Sir W.
Scott.
2. To introduce, as to a benefice or office; to put in actual
possession of the temporal rights of an ecclesiastical
living, or of any other office, with the customary forms
and ceremonies.
The prior, when inducted into that dignity, took an
oath not to alienate any of their lands. --Bp.
Burnet.
Inducteous \In*duc"te*ous\, a. (Elec.)
Rendered electro-polar by induction, or brought into the
opposite electrical state by the influence of inductive
bodies.
Inductile \In*duc"tile\, a. [Pref. in- not + ductile: cf. F.
inductile.]
Not ductile; incapable of being drawn into threads, as a
metal; inelastic; tough.
Inductility \In`duc*til"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being inductile.
Induction \In*duc"tion\, n. [L. inductio: cf. F. induction. See
{Induct}.]
1. The act or process of inducting or bringing in;
introduction; entrance; beginning; commencement.
I know not you; nor am I well pleased to make this
time, as the affair now stands, the induction of
your acquaintance. --Beau. & Fl.
These promises are fair, the parties sure, And our
induction dull of prosperous hope. --Shak.
2. An introduction or introductory scene, as to a play; a
preface; a prologue. [Obs.]
This is but an induction: I will d?aw The curtains
of the tragedy hereafter. --Massinger.
3. (Philos.) The act or process of reasoning from a part to a
whole, from particulars to generals, or from the
individual to the universal; also, the result or inference
so reached.
Induction is an inference drawn from all the
particulars. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
Induction is the process by which we conclude that
what is true of certain individuals of a class, is
true of the whole class, or that what is true at
certain times will be true in similar circumstances
at all times. --J. S. Mill.
4. The introduction of a clergyman into a benefice, or of an
official into a office, with appropriate acts or
ceremonies; the giving actual possession of an
ecclesiastical living or its temporalities.
5. (Math.) A process of demonstration in which a general
truth is gathered from an examination of particular cases,
one of which is known to be true, the examination being so
conducted that each case is made to depend on the
preceding one; -- called also {successive induction}.
6. (Physics) The property by which one body, having
electrical or magnetic polarity, causes or induces it in
another body without direct contact; an impress of
electrical or magnetic force or condition from one body on
another without actual contact.
{Electro-dynamic induction}, the action by which a variable
or interrupted current of electricity excites another
current in a neighboring conductor forming a closed
circuit.
{Electro-magnetic induction}, the influence by which an
electric current produces magnetic polarity in certain
bodies near or around which it passes.
{Electro-static induction}, the action by which a body
possessing a charge of statical electricity develops a
charge of statical electricity of the opposite character
in a neighboring body.
{Induction coil}, an apparatus producing induced currents of
great intensity. It consists of a coil or helix of stout
insulated copper wire, surrounded by another coil of very
fine insulated wire, in which a momentary current is
induced, when a current (as from a voltaic battery),
passing through the inner coil, is made, broken, or
varied. The inner coil has within it a core of soft iron,
and is connected at its terminals with a condenser; --
called also {inductorium}, and {Ruhmkorff's coil}.
{Induction pipe}, {port}, or {valve}, a pipe, passageway, or
valve, for leading or admitting a fluid to a receiver, as
steam to an engine cylinder, or water to a pump.
{Magnetic induction}, the action by which magnetic polarity
is developed in a body susceptible to magnetic effects
when brought under the influence of a magnet.
{Magneto-electric induction}, the influence by which a magnet
excites electric currents in closed circuits.
{Logical induction}, (Philos.), an act or method of reasoning
from all the parts separately to the whole which they
constitute, or into which they may be united collectively;
the operation of discovering and proving general
propositions; the scientific method.
{Philosophical induction}, the inference, or the act of
inferring, that what has been observed or established in
respect to a part, individual, or species, may, on the
ground of analogy, be affirmed or received of the whole to
which it belongs. This last is the inductive method of
Bacon. It ascends from the parts to the whole, and forms,
from the general analogy of nature, or special
presumptions in the case, conclusions which have greater
or less degrees of force, and which may be strengthened or
weakened by subsequent experience and experiment. It
relates to actual existences, as in physical science or
the concerns of life. Logical induction is founded on the
necessary laws of thought; philosophical induction, on the
interpretation of the indications or analogy of nature.
Syn: Deduction.
Usage: {Induction}, {Deduction}. In induction we observe a
sufficient number of individual facts, and, on the
ground of analogy, extend what is true of them to
others of the same class, thus arriving at general
principles or laws. This is the kind of reasoning in
physical science. In deduction we begin with a general
truth, which is already proven or provisionally
assumed, and seek to connect it with some particular
case by means of a middle term, or class of objects,
known to be equally connected with both. Thus, we
bring down the general into the particular, affirming
of the latter the distinctive qualities of the former.
This is the syllogistic method. By induction Franklin
established the identity of lightning and electricity;
by deduction he inferred that dwellings might be
protected by lightning rods.
Inductional \In*duc"tion*al\, a.
Pertaining to, or proceeding by, induction; inductive.
Inductive \In*duct"ive\, a. [LL. inductivus: cf. F. inductif.
See {Induce}.]
1. Leading or drawing; persuasive; tempting; -- usually
followed by to.
A brutish vice, Inductive mainly to the sin of Eve.
--Milton.
2. Tending to induce or cause. [R.]
They may be . . . inductive of credibility. --Sir M.
Hale.
3. Leading to inferences; proceeding by, derived from, or
using, induction; as, inductive reasoning.
4. (Physics)
(a) Operating by induction; as, an inductive electrical
machine.
(b) Facilitating induction; susceptible of being acted
upon by induction; as certain substances have a great
inductive capacity.
{Inductive embarrassment} (Physics), the retardation in
signaling on an electric wire, produced by lateral
induction.
{Inductive} {philosophy or method}. See {Philosophical
induction}, under {Induction}.
{Inductive sciences}, those sciences which admit of, and
employ, the inductive method, as astronomy, botany,
chemistry, etc.
Inductively \In*duct"ive*ly\, adv.
By induction or inference.
Inductometer \In`duc*tom"e*ter\, n. [Induction + -meter.]
(Elec.)
An instrument for measuring or ascertaining the degree or
rate of electrical induction.
Inductor \In*duct"or\, n. [L., one who stirs up or rouses. See
{Induce}.]
1. The person who inducts another into an office or benefice.
2. (Elec.) That portion of an electrical apparatus, in which
is the inducing charge or current.
Inductorium \In`duc*to"ri*um\, n.; pl. E. {Inductoriums}, L.
{Inductoria}. [NL., fr. E. induction.] (Elec.)
An induction coil.
Inductric \In*duc"tric\, Inductrical \In*duc"tric*al\, a.
(Elec.)
Acting by, or in a state of, induction; relating to
electrical induction.
Indue \In*due"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indued}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Induing}.] [Written also {endue}.] [L. induere to put on,
clothe, fr. OL. indu (fr. in- in) + a root seen also in L.
exuere to put off, divest, exuviae the skin of an animal,
slough, induviae clothes. Cf. {Endue} to invest.]
1. To put on, as clothes; to draw on.
The baron had indued a pair of jack boots. --Sir W.
Scott.
2. To clothe; to invest; hence, to endow; to furnish; to
supply with moral or mental qualities.
Indu'd with robes of various hue she flies.
--Dryden.
Indued with intellectual sense and souls. --Shak.
Induement \In*due"ment\, n. [From {Indue}; cf. {Indument},
{Enduement}.]
The act of induing, or state of being indued; investment;
endowment. --W. Montagu.
Indulge \In*dulge"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indulged}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Indulging}.] [L. indulgere to be kind or tender to
one; cf. OIr. dilgud, equiv. to L. remissio, OIr. dligeth,
equiv. to L. lex, Goth. dulgs debt.]
1. To be complacent toward; to give way to; not to oppose or
restrain;
(a) when said of a habit, desire, etc.: to give free
course to; to give one's self up to; as, to indulge
sloth, pride, selfishness, or inclinations;
(b) when said of a person: to yield to the desire of; to
gratify by compliance; to humor; to withhold restraint
from; as, to indulge children in their caprices or
willfulness; to indulge one's self with a rest or in
pleasure.
Hope in another life implies that we indulge
ourselves in the gratifications of this very
sparingly. --Atterbury.
2. To grant as by favor; to bestow in concession, or in
compliance with a wish or request.
Persuading us that something must be indulged to
public manners. --Jer. Taylor.
Yet, yet a moment, one dim ray of light Indulge,
dread Chaos, and eternal Night! --Pope.
Note: It is remarked by Johnson, that if the matter of
indulgence is a single thing, it has with before it; if
it is a habit, it has in; as, he indulged himself with
a glass of wine or a new book; he indulges himself in
idleness or intemperance. See {Gratify}.
Indulge \In*dulge"\, v. i.
To indulge one's self; to gratify one's tastes or desires;
esp., to give one's self up (to); to practice a forbidden or
questionable act without restraint; -- followed by in, but
formerly, also, by to. ``Willing to indulge in easy vices.''
--Johnson.
Indulgement \In*dulge"ment\, n.
Indulgence. [R.] --Wood.
Indulgence \In*dul"gence\, n. [L. indulgentia: cf. F.
indulgence.]
1. The act of indulging or humoring; the quality of being
indulgent; forbearance of restrain or control.
If I were a judge, that word indulgence should never
issue from my lips. --Tooke.
They err, that through indulgence to others, or
fondness to any sin in themselves, substitute for
repentance anything less. --Hammond.
2. An indulgent act; favor granted; gratification.
If all these gracious indulgences are without any
effect on us, we must perish in our own folly.
--Rogers.
3. (R. C. Ch.) Remission of the temporal punishment due to
sins, after the guilt of sin has been remitted by sincere
repentance; absolution from the censures and public
penances of the church. It is a payment of the debt of
justice to God by the application of the merits of Christ
and his saints to the contrite soul through the church. It
is therefore believed to diminish or destroy for sins the
punishment of purgatory.
Indulgence \In*dul"gence\, v. t.
To grant an indulgence to.
Indulgency \In*dul"gen*cy\, n.
Indulgence. --Dryden.
Indulgent \In*dul"gent\, a. [L. indulgens, -entis, p. pr. of
indulgere: cf. F. indulgent. See {Indulge}.]
Prone to indulge; yielding to the wishes, humor, or appetites
of those under one's care; compliant; not opposing or
restraining; tolerant; mild; favorable; not severe; as, an
indulgent parent. --Shak.
The indulgent censure of posterity. --Waller.
The feeble old, indulgent of their ease. --Dryden.
Indulgential \In`dul*gen"tial\, a.
Relating to the indulgences of the Roman Catholic Church.
--Brevint.
Indulgently \In*dul"gent*ly\, adv.
In an indulgent manner; mildly; favorably. --Dryden.
Indulger \In*dul"ger\, n.
One who indulges. --W. Montagu.
Indulgiate \In*dul"gi*ate\, v. t.
To indulge. [R.] --Sandys.
Induline \In"du*line\, n. [Perh. fr. indigo.] (Chem.)
(a) Any one of a large series of aniline dyes, colored blue
or violet, and represented by aniline violet.
(b) A dark green amorphous dyestuff, produced by the
oxidation of aniline in the presence of copper or
vanadium salts; -- called also {aniline black}.
Indult \In*dult"\, Indulto \In*dul"to\, n. [L. indultum
indulgence, favor, fr. indultus, p. p. of indulgere: cf. It.
indulto, F. indult. See {Indulge}.]
1. A privilege or exemption; an indulgence; a dispensation
granted by the pope.
2. (Spain) A duty levied on all importations.
Indument \In"du*ment\, n. [L. indumentum a covering. See
{Indue}, and cf. {Induement}.] (Zo["o]l.)
Plumage; feathers.
Induplicate \In*du"pli*cate\, a. (Bot.)
(a) Having the edges bent abruptly toward the axis; -- said
of the parts of the calyx or corolla in [ae]stivation.
(b) Having the edges rolled inward and then arranged about
the axis without overlapping; -- said of leaves in
vernation.
Induplicative \In*du"pli*ca*tive\, a. (Bot.)
(a) Having induplicate sepals or petals in [ae]stivation.
(b) Having induplicate leaves in vernation.
Indurance \In*dur"ance\, n. [Obs.]
See {Endurance}.
Indurate \In"du*rate\, a. [L. induratus, p. p. of indurare to
harden. See {Endure}.]
1. Hardened; not soft; indurated. --Tyndale.
2. Without sensibility; unfeeling; obdurate.
Indurate \In"du*rate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Indurated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Indurating}.]
1. To make hard; as, extreme heat indurates clay; some
fossils are indurated by exposure to the air.
2. To make unfeeling; to deprive of sensibility; to render
obdurate.
Indurate \In"du*rate\, v. i.
To grow hard; to harden, or become hard; as, clay indurates
by drying, and by heat.
Indurated \In"du*ra`ted\, a.
Hardened; as, indurated clay; an indurated heart.
--Goldsmith.
Induration \In`du*ra"tion\, n. [Cf. F. induration, L. induratio
hardness of heart.]
1. The act of hardening, or the process of growing hard.
2. State of being indurated, or of having become hard.
3. Hardness of character, manner, sensibility, etc.;
obduracy; stiffness; want of pliancy or feeling.
A certain induration of character had arisen from
long habits of business. --Coleridge.
Indusial \In*du"sial\, a. [See {Indusium}.]
Of, pertaining to, or containing, the petrified cases of the
larv[ae] of certain insects.
{Indusial limestone} (Geol.), a fresh-water limestone,
largely composed of the agglomerated cases of caddice
worms, or larv[ae] of caddice flies ({Phryganea}). It is
found in Miocene strata of Auvergne, France, and some
other localities.
Indusiate \In*du"si*ate\, Indusiated \In*du"si*a`ted\, a. (Bot.)
Furnished with an indusium.
Indusium \In*du"si*um\, n.; pl. {Indusia} (-[.a]). [L., an under
garment, fr. induere to put on: cf. F. indusie the covering
of the seed spots of ferns.] (Bot.)
(a) A collection of hairs united so as to form a sort of cup,
and inclosing the stigma of a flower.
(b) The immediate covering of the fruit dots or sori in many
ferns, usually a very thin scale attached by the middle
or side to a veinlet.
(c) A peculiar covering found in certain fungi.
Industrial \In*dus"tri*al\, a. [Cf. F. industriel, LL.
industrialis. See {Industry}.]
Consisting in industry; pertaining to industry, or the arts
and products of industry; concerning those employed in labor,
especially in manual labor, and their wages, duties, and
rights.
The great ideas of industrial development and economic
social amelioration. --M. Arnold.
{Industrial exhibition}, a public exhibition of the various
industrial products of a country, or of various countries.
{Industrial school}, a school for teaching one or more
branches of industry; also, a school for educating
neglected children, and training them to habits of
industry.
Industrialism \In*dus"tri*al*ism\, n.
1. Devotion to industrial pursuits; labor; industry. --J. S.
Mill.
2. The principles or policy applicable to industrial pursuits
or organized labor.
Industrialism must not confounded with
industriousness. --H. Spencer.
Industrially \In*dus"tri*al*ly\, adv.
With reference to industry.
Industrious \In*dus"tri*ous\, a. [L. industrius, industriosus:
cf. F. industrieux. See {Industry}.]
1. Given to industry; characterized by diligence; constantly,
regularly, or habitually occupied; busy; assiduous; not
slothful or idle; -- commonly implying devotion to lawful
and useful labor.
Frugal and industrious men are commonly friendly to
the established government. --Sir W.
Temple.
2. Steadily and perseveringly active in a particular pursuit
or aim; as, he was negligent in business, but industrious
in pleasure; an industrious mischief maker.
Industrious to seek out the truth of all things.
--Spenser.
-- {In*dus"tri*ous*ly}, adv. -- {In*dus"tri*ous*ness}, n.
Industry \In"dus*try\, n.; pl. {Industries}. [L. industria, cf.
industrius diligent; of uncertain origin: cf. F. industrie.]
1. Habitual diligence in any employment or pursuit, either
bodily or mental; steady attention to business; assiduity;
-- opposed to {sloth} and {idleness}; as, industry pays
debts, while idleness or despair will increase them.
We are more industrious than our forefathers,
because in the present times the funds destined for
the maintenance of industry are much greater in
proportion to those which are likely to be employed
in the maintenance of idleness, than they were two
or three centuries ago. --A. Smith.
2. Any department or branch of art, occupation, or business;
especially, one which employs much labor and capital and
is a distinct branch of trade; as, the sugar industry; the
iron industry; the cotton industry.
3. (Polit. Econ.) Human exertion of any kind employed for the
creation of value, and regarded by some as a species of
capital or wealth; labor.
Syn: Diligence; assiduity; perseverance; activity;
laboriousness; attention. See {Diligence}.
Indutive \In*du"tive\, a. [L. indutus, p. p. of induere to put
on. See {Indue}.] (Bot.)
Covered; -- applied to seeds which have the usual
integumentary covering.
Induviae \In*du"vi*[ae]\, n. pl. [L., clothes, fr. induere to
put on. See {Indue}.] (Bot.)
Persistent portions of a calyx or corolla; also, leaves which
do not disarticulate from the stem, and hence remain for a
long time.
Induviate \In*du"vi*ate\, a. (Bot.)
Covered with induvi[ae], as the upper part of the trunk of a
palm tree.
Indwell \In"dwell`\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Indwelt}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Indwelling}.]
To dwell in; to abide within; to remain in possession.
The Holy Ghost became a dove, not as a symbol, but as a
constantly indwelt form. --Milman.
Indweller \In"dwell`er\n.
An inhabitant. --Spenser.
Indwelling \In"dwell`ing\, n.
Residence within, as in the heart.
The personal indwelling of the Spirit in believers.
--South.
-ine \-ine\ (?; 104).
1. (Chem.) A suffix, indicating that those substances of
whose names it is a part are basic, and alkaloidal in
their nature.
Note: All organic bases, and basic substances (especially
nitrogenous substances), are systematically written
with the termination -ine; as, quinine, morphine,
guanidine, etc. All indifferent and neutral substances,
as proteids, glycerides, glucosides, etc., should
commonly be spelled with -in; as, gelatin, amygdalin,
etc. This rue has no application to those numerous
commercial or popular names with the termination -ine;
as, gasoline, vaseline, etc.
2. (Organ. Chem.) A suffix, used to indicate hydrocarbons of
the second degree of unsaturation; i. e., members of the
acetyline series; as, hexine, heptine, etc.
Inearth \In*earth"\, v. t.
To inter. [R.] --Southey.
Inebriant \In*e"bri*ant\, a. [L. inebrians, p. pr. of inebriare.
See {Inebriate}.]
Intoxicating.
Inebriant \In*e"bri*ant\, n.
Anything that intoxicates, as opium, alcohol, etc.; an
intoxicant. --Smart.
Inebriate \In*e"bri*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inebriated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Inebriating}.] [L. inebriatus, p. p. of
inebriare; pref. in- in + ebriare to make drunk, fr. ebrius
drunk. See {Ebriety}.]
1. To make drunk; to intoxicate.
The cups That cheer but not inebriate. --Cowper.
2. Fig.: To disorder the senses of; to exhilarate or elate as
if by spirituous drink; to deprive of sense and judgment;
also, to stupefy.
The inebriating effect of popular applause.
--Macaulay.
Inebriate \In*e"bri*ate\, v. i.
To become drunk. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Inebriate \In*e"bri*ate\, a. [L. inebriatus, p. p.]
Intoxicated; drunk; habitually given to drink; stupefied.
Thus spake Peter, as a man inebriate and made drunken
with the sweetness of this vision, not knowing what he
said. --Udall.
Inebriate \In*e"bri*ate\, n.
One who is drunk or intoxicated; esp., an habitual drunkard;
as, an asylum fro inebriates.
Some inebriates have their paroxysms of inebriety. --E.
Darwin.
Inebriation \In*e`bri*a"tion\, n. [L. inebriatio.]
The condition of being inebriated; intoxication;
figuratively, deprivation of sense and judgment by anything
that exhilarates, as success. --Sir T. Browne.
Preserve him from the inebriation of prosperity.
--Macaulay.
Syn: See {Drunkenness}.
Inebriety \In`e*bri"e*ty\, n. [See {Inebriate}, {Ebriety}.]
Drunkenness; inebriation. --E. Darwin.
Inebrious \In*e"bri*ous\, a.
Intoxicated, or partially so; intoxicating. [R.] --T. Brown.
Inedited \In*ed"it*ed\, a.
Not edited; unpublished; as, an inedited manuscript. --T.
Warton.
In'ee \I`n['e]e"\, n. [F.]
An arrow poison, made from an apocynaceous plant
({Strophanthus hispidus}) of the Gaboon country; -- called
also {onaye}.
Ineffability \In*ef`fa*bil"i*ty\, n. [L. ineffabilitas: cf. F.
ineffabilit['e].]
The quality or state of being ineffable; ineffableness;
unspeakableness.
Ineffable \In*ef"fa*ble\, a. [L. ineffabilis: cf. F. ineffable.
See {In-} not, and {Effable}, {Fame}.]
Incapable of being expresses in words; unspeakable;
unutterable; indescribable; as, the ineffable joys of heaven.
Contentment with our lot . . . will diffuse ineffable
contentment over the soul. --Beattie.
Ineffableness \In*ef"fa*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being ineffable or unutterable;
unspeakableness.
Ineffably \In*ef"fa*bly\, adv.
In a manner not to be expressed in words; unspeakably.
--Milton.
Ineffaceable \In`ef*face"a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + effaceable:
cf. F. ineffa?able.]
Incapable of being effaced; indelible; ineradicable.
Ineffaceably \In`ef*face"a*bly\, adv.
So as not to be effaceable.
Ineffectible \In`ef*fect"i*ble\, a.
Ineffectual; impracticable. [R.] --Bp. Hall.
Ineffective \In`ef*fect"ive\, a. [Pref. in- not + effective: cf.
F. ineffectif.]
Not effective; ineffectual; futile; inefficient; useless; as,
an ineffective appeal.
The word of God, without the spirit, [is] a dead and
ineffective letter. --Jer. Taylor.
Ineffectively \In`ef*fect"ive*ly\, adv.
In an ineffective manner; without effect; inefficiently;
ineffectually.
Ineffectiveness \In`ef*fect"ive*ness\, n.
Quality of being ineffective.
Ineffectual \In`ef*fec"tu*al\ (?; 135), a.
Not producing the proper effect; without effect; inefficient;
weak; useless; futile; unavailing; as, an ineffectual
attempt; an ineffectual expedient. --Pope.
The peony root has been much commended, . . . and yet
has been by many found ineffectual. --Boyle.
Syn: Inefficient; useless; inefficacious; vain; fruitless;
unavailing; futile. See {Useless}, {Inefficacious}.
Ineffectuality \In`ef*fec`tu*al"i*ty\, n.
Ineffectualness. [R.]
Ineffectually \In`ef*fec"tu*al*ly\, adv.
Without effect; in vain.
Hereford . . . had been besieged for about two months
ineffectually by the Scots. --Ludlow.
Ineffectualness \In`ef*fec"tu*al*ness\, n.
Want of effect, or of power to produce it; inefficacy.
The ineffectualness of some men's devotion. --Wake.
Ineffervescence \In*ef`fer*ves"cence\, n.
Want of effervescence. --Kirwan.
Ineffervescent \In*ef`fer*ves"cent\, a.
Not effervescing, or not susceptible of effervescence;
quiescent.
Ineffervescibility \In*ef`fer*ves`ci*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being ineffervescible.
Ineffervescible \In*ef`fer*ves"ci*ble\, a.
Not capable or susceptible of effervescence.
Inefficacious \In*ef`fi*ca"cious\, a. [Pref. in- not +
efficacious: cf. F. inefficace, L. inefficax.]
Not efficacious; not having power to produce the effect
desired; inadequate; incompetent; inefficient; impotent.
--Boyle.
The authority of Parliament must become inefficacious .
. . to restrain the growth of disorders. --Burke.
Note: Ineffectual, says Johnson, rather denotes an actual
failure, and inefficacious and habitual impotence to
any effect. But the distinction is not always observed,
nor can it be; for we can not always know whether means
are inefficacious till experiment has proved them
ineffectual. Inefficacious is therefore sometimes
synonymous with ineffectual.
Inefficaciously \In*ef`fi*ca"cious*ly\, adv.
without efficacy or effect.
Inefficaciousness \In*ef`fi*ca"cious*ness\, n.
Want of effect, or of power to produce the effect;
inefficacy.
Inefficacy \In*ef"fi*ca*cy\, n. [L. inefficacia. See {In-} not,
and {Efficacy}.]
Want of power to produce the desired or proper effect;
inefficiency; ineffectualness; futility; uselessness;
fruitlessness; as, the inefficacy of medicines or means.
The seeming inefficacy of censures. --Bp. Hall.
The inefficacy was soon proved, like that of many
similar medicines. --James
Gregory.
Inefficiency \In`ef*fi"cien*cy\, n.
The quality of being inefficient; want of power or energy
sufficient; want of power or energy sufficient for the
desired effect; inefficacy; incapacity; as, he was discharged
from his position for inefficiency.
Inefficient \In`ef*fi"cient\, a.
1. Not efficient; not producing the effect intended or
desired; inefficacious; as, inefficient means or measures.
2. Incapable of, or indisposed to, effective action;
habitually slack or remiss; effecting little or nothing;
as, inefficient workmen; an inefficient administrator.
Inefficiently \In`ef*fi"cient*ly\, adv.
In an inefficient manner.
Inelaborate \In`e*lab"o*rate\, a. [L. inelaboratus. See {In-}
not, and {Elaborate}.]
Not elaborate; not wrought with care; unpolished; crude;
unfinished.
Inelastic \In`e*las"tic\, a.
Not elastic.
Inelasticity \In`e*las*tic"i*ty\, n.
Want of elasticity.
Inelegance \In*el"e*gance\, Inelegancy \In*el"e*gan*cy\, n.; pl.
{Inelegances}, {Inelegancies}. [L. inelegantia: cf. F.
in['e]l['e]gance.]
1. The quality of being inelegant; want of elegance or grace;
want of refinement, beauty, or polish in language,
composition, or manners.
The notorious inelegance of her figure. --T. Hook.
2. Anything inelegant; as, inelegance of style in literary
composition.
Inelegant \In*el"e*gant\, a. [L. inelegans: cf. F.
in['e]l['e]gant. See {In-} not, and {Elegant}.]
Not elegant; deficient in beauty, polish, refinement, grave,
or ornament; wanting in anything which correct taste
requires.
What order so contrived as not to mix Tastes, not well
joined, inelegant. --Milton.
It renders style often obscure, always embarrassed and
inelegant. --Blair.
Inelegantly \In*el"e*gant*ly\, adv.
In an inelegant manner.
Ineligibility \In*el`i*gi*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
in['e]ligibilit['e].]
The state or quality of being ineligible.
Ineligible \In*el"i*gi*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + eligible: cf.
F. in['e]ligible.]
Not eligible; not qualified to be chosen for an office; not
worthy to be chosen or prefered; not expedient or desirable.
--Burke.
Inelligibly \In*el"li*gi*bly\, adv.
In an ineligible manner.
Ineloquent \In*e"lo*quent\, a. [L. ineloquens: cf. F.
in['e]loquent. See {In-} not, and {Eloquent}.]
Not eloquent; not fluent, graceful, or pathetic; not
persuasive; as, ineloquent language.
Nor are thy lips ungraceful, sire of men, Nor tongue
ineloquent. --Milton.
Ineloquently \In*e"lo*quent*ly\, adv.
Without eloquence.
Ineluctable \In`e*luc"ta*ble\, a. [L. ineluctabilis; pref. in-
not + eluctabilis to be surmounted, fr. eluctari to struggle
out of, to surmount: cf. F. in['e]luctable. See {Eluctate}.]
Not to be overcome by struggling; irresistible; inevitable.
--Bp. Pearson.
The ineluctable conditions of matter. --Hamerton.
Ineludible \In`e*lud"i*ble\, a.
Incapable of being eluded or evaded; unvoidable.
Most pressing reasons and ineludible demonstrations.
--Glanvill.
Inembryonate \In*em"bry*o*nate\, a. (Biol.)
Not embryonate.
Inernarrable \In`er*nar"ra*ble\, a. [L. inenarrabilis; pref. in-
not + enarrabilis that may be related; fr. enarrare to
relate: cf. F. in['e]narrable. See {Enarration}.]
Incapable of being narrated; indescribable; ineffable. [Obs.]
``Inenarrable goodness.'' --Bp. Fisher.
Inept \In*ept"\, a. [L. ineptus; prefix. in- not + aptus apt,
fit: cf. F. inepte. Cf. {Inapt}.]
1. Not apt or fit; unfit; unsuitable; improper; unbecoming.
The Aristotelian philosophy is inept for new
discoveries. --Glanvill.
2. Silly; useless; nonsensical; absurd; foolish.
To view attention as a special act of intelligence,
and to distinguish it from consciousness, is utterly
inept. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
Ineptitude \In*ept"i*tude\, n. [L. ineptitudo.]
1. The quality of being inept; unfitness; inaptitude;
unsuitableness.
That ineptitude for society, which is frequently the
fault of us scholars. --Tatler.
2. Absurdity; nonsense; foolishness.
Ineptly \In*ept"ly\, adv.
Unfitly; unsuitably; awkwardly.
None of them are made foolishly or ineptly. --Dr. H.
More.
Ineptness \In*ept"ness\, n.
Unfitness; ineptitude.
The feebleness and miserable ineptness of infancy.
--Dr. H. More.
Inequable \In*e"qua*ble\, a.
Unequable. [R.] --Bailey.
Inequal \In*e"qual\, a. [L. inaequalis. See {In-} not, and
{Equal}.]
Unequal; uneven; various. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Inequality \In`e*qual"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Inequalities}. [L.
inaequalitas.]
1. The quality of being unequal; difference, or want of
equality, in any respect; lack of uniformity;
disproportion; unevenness; disparity; diversity; as, an
inequality in size, stature, numbers, power, distances,
motions, rank, property, etc.
There is so great an inequality in the length of our
legs and arms as makes it impossible for us to walk
on all four. --Ray.
Notwithstanding which inequality of number, it was
resolved in a council of war to fight the Dutch
fleet. --Ludlow.
Sympathy is rarely strong where there is a great
inequality of condition. --Macaulay.
2. Unevenness; want of levelness; the alternate rising and
falling of a surface; as, the inequalities of the surface
of the earth, or of a marble slab, etc.
The country is cut into so many hills and
inequalities as renders it defensible. --Addison.
3. Variableness; changeableness; inconstancy; lack of
smoothness or equability; deviation; unsteadiness, as of
the weather, feelings, etc.
Inequality of air is ever an enemy to health.
--Bacon.
4. Disproportion to any office or purpose; inadequacy;
competency; as, the inequality of terrestrial things to
the wants of a rational soul. --South.
5. (Alg.) An expression consisting of two unequal quantities,
with the sign of inequality (.gt. or .lt.) between them;
as, the inequality 2 .lt. 3, or 4 .gt. 1.
6. (Astron.) An irregularity, or a deviation, in the motion
of a planet or satellite from its uniform mean motion; the
amount of such deviation.
Inequation \In`e*qua"tion\, n. (Math.)
An inequality.
Inequidistant \In*e`qui*dis"tant\, a.
Not equally distant; not equidistant.
Inequilateral \In*e`qui*lat"er*al\, a.
1. Having unequal sides; unsymmetrical; unequal-sided.
2. (Zo["o]l.) Having the two ends unequal, as in the clam,
quahaug, and most lamellibranch shells.
Inequilobate \In*e`qui*lo"bate\, a. [Pref. in- not + equi- +
lobate.] (Biol.)
Unequally lobed; cut into lobes of different shapes or sizes.
Inequitable \In*eq"ui*ta*ble\, a.
Not equitable; not just. --Burke.
Inequitate \In*eq"ui*tate\, v. t. [L. inequitatus, p. p.
inequitare to ride over. See 1st {In-}, and {Equitant}.]
To ride over or through. [Obs.] --Dr. H. More.
Inequity \In*eq"ui*ty\, n.
Want of equity; injustice; wrong. ``Some form of inequity.''
--H. Spencer.
Inequivalve \In*e"qui*valve\, Inequivalvular
\In*e`qui*val"vu*lar\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Having unequal valves, as the shell of an oyster.
Ineradicable \In`e*rad"i*ca*ble\, a.
Incapable of being ?radicated or rooted out.
The bad seed thus sown was ineradicable. --Ld. Lytton.
Ineradicably \In`e*rad"i*ca*bly\, adv.
So as not to be eradicable.
Inergetic \In`er*get"ic\, Inergetical \In`er*get"ic*al\, a.
[Pref. in- not + energetic, -ical.]
Having no energy; sluggish. [R.] --Boyle.
Inergetically \In`er*get"ic*al*ly\, adv.
Without energy. [R.]
Inerm \In*erm"\, Inermous \In*er"mous\, a. (Bot.)
Same as {Inermis}.
Inermis \In*er"mis\, a. [L. inermis, inermus; pref. in- not +
arma arms: cf. F. inerme.] (Bot.)
Unarmed; destitute of prickles or thorns, as a leaf. --Gray.
Inerrability \In*er`ra*bil"i*ty\, n.
Freedom or exemption from error; infallibility. --Eikon
Basilike.
Inerrable \In*er"ra*ble\, a. [L. inerrabilis. See {In-} not, and
{Err}.]
Incapable of erring; infallible; unerring. ``Inerabble and
requisite conditions.'' --Sir T. Browne. ``Not an inerrable
text.'' --Gladstone.
Inerrableness \In*er"ra*ble*ness\, n.
Exemption from error; inerrability; infallibility. --Hammond.
Inerrably \In*er"ra*bly\, adv.
With security from error; infallibly; unerringly.
Inerrancy \In*er"ran*cy\, n.
Exemption from error.
The absolute inerrancy odf the Bible. --The Century.
Inerratic \In`er*rat"ic\, a.
Not erratic or wandering; fixed; settled; established.
Inerringly \In*err"ing*ly\, adv.
Without error, mistake, or deviation; unerringly. --Glanvill.
Inert \In*ert"\, a. [L. iners, inertis, unskilled, idle; pref.
in- + ars art: cf. F. inerte. See {Art}.]
1. Destitute of the power of moving itself, or of active
resistance to motion; as, matter is inert.
2. Indisposed to move or act; very slow to act; sluggish;
dull; inactive; indolent; lifeless.
The inert and desponding party of the court.
--Macaulay.
It present becomes extravagant, then imbecile, and
at length utterly inert. --I. Taylor.
3. Not having or manifesting active properties; not affecting
other substances when brought in contact with them;
powerless for an expected or desired effect.
Syn: Inactive; dull; passive; indolent; sluggish; slothful;
lazy; lifeless; irresolute; stupid; senseless;
insensible.
Usage: {Inert}, {Inactive}, {Sluggish}. A man may be inactive
from mere want of stimulus to effort; but one who is
inert has something in his constitution or his habits
which operates like a weight holding him back from
exertion. Sluggish is still stronger, implying some
defect of temperament which directly impedes action.
Inert and inactive are negative, sluggish is positive.
Even the favored isles . . . Can boast but
little virtue; and, inert Through plenty, lose
in morals what they gain In manners -- victims
of luxurious ease. --Cowper.
Doomed to lose four months in inactive
obscurity. --Johnson.
Sluggish Idleness, the nurse of sin, Upon a
slothful ass he chose to ride. --Spenser.
Inertia \In*er"ti*a\, n. [L., idleness, fr. iners idle. See
{Inert}.]
1. (Physics) That property of matter by which it tends when
at rest to remain so, and when in motion to continue in
motion, and in the same straight line or direction, unless
acted on by some external force; -- sometimes called {vis
inerti[ae]}.
2. Inertness; indisposition to motion, exertion, or action;
want of energy; sluggishness.
Men . . . have immense irresolution and inertia.
--Carlyle.
3. (Med.) Want of activity; sluggishness; -- said especially
of the uterus, when, in labor, its contractions have
nearly or wholly ceased.
{Center of inertia}. (Mech.) See under {Center}.
Inertion \In*er"tion\, n.
Want of activity or exertion; inertness; quietude. [R.]
These vicissitudes of exertion and inertion of the
arterial system constitute the paroxysms of remittent
fever. --E. Darwin.
Inertitude \In*ert"i*tude\, n. [See {Inert}.]
Inertness; inertia. [R.] --Good.
Inertly \In*ert"ly\, adv.
Without activity; sluggishly. --Pope.
Inertness \In*ert"ness\, n.
1. Want of activity or exertion; habitual indisposition to
action or motion; sluggishness; apathy; insensibility.
--Glanvill.
Laziness and inertness of mind. --Burke.
2. Absence of the power of self-motion; inertia.
Inerudite \In*er"u*dite\, a. [L. ineruditus. See {In-} not, and
{Erudite}.]
Not erudite; unlearned; ignorant.
Inescapable \In`es*cap"a*ble\, a.
Not escapable.
Inescate \In*es"cate\, v. t. [L. inescatus, p. p. of inescare;
in- in + esca bait.]
To allure; to lay a bait for. [Obs.]
To inescate and beguile young women! --Burton.
Inescation \In`es*ca"tion\, n. [L. inescatio.]
The act of baiting; allurement. [Obs.] --Hallywell.
Inescutcheon \In`es*cutch"eon\, n. (Her.)
A small escutcheon borne within a shield.
In esse \In` es"se\ [L.]
In being; actually existing; -- distinguished from in posse,
or in potentia, which denote that a thing is not, but may be.
Inessential \In`es*sen"tial\, a. [Pref. in- not + essential: cf.
F. inessentiel.]
1. Having no essence or being. --H. Brooke.
The womb of inessential Naught. --Shelley.
2. Not essential; unessential.
Inestimable \In*es"ti*ma*ble\, a. [L. inaestimabilis: cf. F.
inestimable. See {In-} not, and {Estimate}.]
Incapable of being estimated or computed; especially, too
valuable or excellent to be measured or fully appreciated;
above all price; as, inestimable rights or privileges.
But above all, for thine inestimable love. --Bk. of
Com. Prayer.
Science is too inestimable for expression by a money
standard. --Lyon
Playfair.
Syn: Incalculable; invaluable; priceless.
Inestimably \In*es"ti*ma*bly\, adv.
In a manner, or to a degree, above estimation; as, things
inestimably excellent.
Inevasible \In`e*va"si*ble\, a.
Incapable of being evaded; inevitable; unavoidable.
Inevidence \In*ev"i*dence\, n. [Cf. F. in['e]vidence.]
Want of evidence; obscurity. [Obs.] --Barrow.
Inevident \In*ev"i*dent\, a. [Cf. F. in['e]vident.]
Not evident; not clear or obvious; obscure.
Inevitability \In*ev`i*ta*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
in['e]vitabilit['e].]
Impossibility to be avoided or shunned; inevitableness.
--Shelford.
Inevitable \In*ev"i*ta*ble\, a. [L. inevitabilis: cf. F.
in['e]vitable. See {In-} not, and {Evitable}.]
1. Not evitable; incapable of being shunned; unavoidable;
certain. ``The inevitable hour.'' --Gray.
It was inevitable; it was necessary; it was planted
in the nature of things. --Burke.
2. Irresistible. ``Inevitable charms.'' --Dryden.
Inevitableness \In*ev"i*ta*ble*ness\, n.
The state of being unavoidable; certainty to happen.
--Prideaux.
Inevitably \In*ev"i*ta*bly\, adv.
Without possibility of escape or evasion; unavoidably;
certainly.
Inevitably thou shalt die. --Milton.
How inevitably does immoderate laughter end in a sigh!
--South.
Inexact \In`ex*act"\, a. [Pref. in- not + exact: cf. F.
inexact.]
Not exact; not precisely correct or true; inaccurate.
Inexactitude \In`ex*act"i*tude\, n.
Inexactness; uncertainty; as, geographical inexactitude.
Inexactly \In`ex*act"ly\, adv.
In a manner not exact or precise; inaccurately. --R. A.
Proctor.
Inexactness \In`ex*act"ness\, n.
Incorrectness; want of exactness.
Inexcitability \In`ex*cit`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being inexcitable; insusceptibility to
excitement.
Inexcitable \In`ex*cit"a*ble\, a. [L. inexcitabilis from which
one cannot be aroused. See {In-} not, and {Excite}.]
Not susceptible of excitement; dull; lifeless; torpid.
Inexcusable \In`ex*cus"a*ble\, a. [L. inexcusabilis: cf. F.
inexcusable. See {Excuse}.]
Not excusable; not admitting excuse or justification; as,
inexcusable folly.
Therefore thou art inexcusable, O man, whosoever thou
art that judgest; for wherein thou judgest another,
thou condemnest thyself; for thou that judgest doest
the same things. --Rom. ii. 1.
Inexcusableness \In`ex*cus"a*ble*ness\, n.
The quality of being inexcusable; enormity forgiveness.
--South.
Inexcusably \In`ex*cus"a*bly\, adv.
With a degree of guilt or folly beyond excuse or
justification.
Inexcusably obstinate and perverse. --Jortin.
Inexecrable \In*ex"e*cra*ble\, a.
That can not be execrated enough. [R.]
Inexecutable \In*ex"e*cu`ta*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
executable: cf. F. inex['e]cutable.]
Incapable of being executed or performed; impracticable;
infeasible.
Inexecution \In*ex`e*cu"tion\, n. [Pref. in- not + execution:
cf. F. inex['e]cution.]
Neglect of execution; nonperformance; as, the inexecution of
a treaty. --Spence.
Inexertion \In`ex*er"tion\, n.
Want of exertion; want of effort; defect of action;
indolence; laziness.
Inexhalable \In`ex*hal"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being exhaled. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Inexhausted \In`ex*haust"ed\, a. [Pref. in- not + exhausted: cf.
F. inexhaustus.]
Not exhausted; not emptied; not spent; not having lost all
strength or resources; unexhausted. --Dryden.
Inexhaustedly \In`ex*haust"ed*ly\, adv.
Without exhaustion.
Inexhaustibility \In`ex*haust`i*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being inexhaustible; abundance.
Inexhaustible \In`ex*haust"i*ble\, a.
Incapable of being exhausted, emptied, or used up; unfailing;
not to be wasted or spent; as, inexhaustible stores of
provisions; an inexhaustible stock of elegant words.
--Dryden.
An inexhaustible store of anecdotes. --Macaulay.
-- {In`ex*haust"i*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`ex*haust"i*bly}, adv.
Inexhaustive \In`ex*haust"ive\, a.
Inexhaustible. --Thomson.
Inexist \In`ex*ist"\, v. i. [Pref. in- in + exist.]
To exist within; to dwell within. [Obs.]
Substances inexisting within the divine mind. --A.
Tucker.
Inexistant \In`ex*ist"ant\, a. [Cf. F. inexistant. See 1st
{Inexistent}.]
Inexistent; not existing. [Obs.] --Gudworth.
Inexistence \In`ex*ist"ence\, n. [Pref. in- in + existence.]
[Obs.]
(a) Inherence; subsistence. --Bp. Hall.
(b) That which exists within; a constituent. --A. Tucker.
Inexistence \In`ex*ist"ence\, n. [Pref. in- in + existence: cf.
F. inexistence.]
Want of being or existence.
Inexistent \In`ex*ist"ent\, a. [Pref. in- in + existent: cf. F.
inexistant.]
Not having being; not existing.
Inexistent \In`ex*ist"ent\, a. [Pref. in- in + existent.]
Inherent; innate; indwelling. --Boyle.
Inexorability \In*ex`o*ra*bil"i*ty\, n. [L. inexorabilitas: cf.
F. inexorabilit['e].]
The quality of being inexorable, or unyielding to entreaty.
--Paley.
Inexorable \In*ex"o*ra*ble\, a. [L. inexorabilis: cf. F.
inexorable. See {In-} not, and {Exorable}, {Adore}.]
Not to be persuaded or moved by entreaty or prayer; firm;
determined; unyielding; unchangeable; inflexible; relentless;
as, an inexorable prince or tyrant; an inexorable judge.
``Inexorable equality of laws.'' --Gibbon. ``Death's
inexorable doom.'' --Dryden.
You are more inhuman, more inexorable, O, ten times
more than tigers of Hyrcania. --Shak.
Inexorableness \In*ex"o*ra*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being inexorable. --Chillingworth.
Inexorably \In*ex"o*ra*bly\, adv.
In an inexorable manner; inflexibly. ``Inexorably firm.''
--Thomson.
Inexpansible \In`ex*pan"si*ble\, a.
Incapable of expansion, enlargement, or extension. --Tyndall.
Inexpectable \In`ex*pect"a*ble\, a.
Not to be expected or anticipated. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Inexpectant \In"ex*pect"ant\, a.
Not expectant. --C. Bront['e].
Inexpectation \In*ex`pec*ta"tion\, n.
Absence of expectation. --Feltham.
Inexpected \In`ex*pect"ed\, a. [Pref. in- not + expected: cf. L.
inexspectatus.]
Unexpected. [Obs.]
Inexpectedly \In`ex*pect"ed*ly\, adv.
Unexpectedly. [Obs.]
Inexpectedness \In`ex*pect"ed*ness\, n.
Unexpectedness. [Obs.]
Inexpedience \In`ex*pe"di*ence\, Inexpediency
\In`ex*pe"di*en*cy\, n.
The quality or state of being inexpedient; want of fitness;
unsuitableness to the end or object; impropriety; as, the
inexpedience of some measures.
It is not the rigor but the inexpediency of laws and
acts of authority which makes them tyrannical. --Paley.
Inexpedient \In`ex*pe"di*ent\, a.
Not expedient; not tending to promote a purpose; not tending
to the end desired; inadvisable; unfit; improper; unsuitable
to time and place; as, what is expedient at one time may be
inexpedient at another.
If it was not unlawful, yet it was highly inexpedient
to use those ceremonies. --Bp. Burnet.
Syn: Unwise; impolitic; imprudent; indiscreet; unprofitable;
inadvisable; disadvantageous.
Inexpediently \In`ex*pe"di*ent*ly\, adv.
Not expediently; unfitly.
Inexpensive \In`ex*pen"sive\, a.
Not expensive; cheap.
Inexperience \In`ex*pe"ri*ence\, n. [L. inexperientia, cf. F.
inexp['e]rience. See {In-} not, and {Experience}.]
Absence or want of experience; lack of personal and
experimental knowledge; as, the inexperience of youth.
Failings which are incident to youth and inexperience.
--Dryden.
Prejudice and self-sufficiency naturally proceed from
inexperience of the world, and ignorance of mankind.
--Addison.
Inexperienced \In`ex*pe"ri*enced\, a.
Not having experience unskilled. ``Inexperienced youth.''
--Cowper.
Inexpert \In`ex*pert"\, a. [L. inexpertus inexperienced: cf. F.
inexpert. See {In-} not, and {Expert}.]
1. Destitute of experience or of much experience. [Obs.]
--Milton.
2. Not expert; not skilled; destitute of knowledge or
dexterity derived from practice. --Akenside.
Inexpertness \In`ex*pert"ness\, n.
Want of expertness or skill.
Inexpiable \In*ex"pi*a*ble\, a. [L. inexpiabilis: cf. F.
inexpiable. See {In-} not, and {Expiable}.]
1. Admitting of no expiation, atonement, or satisfaction; as,
an inexpiable crime or offense. --Pomfret.
2. Incapable of being mollified or appeased; relentless;
implacable. [Archaic] ``Inexpiable hate.'' --Milton.
They are at inexpiable war with all establishments.
--Burke.
Inexpiableness \In*ex"pi*a*ble*ness\, n.
Quality of being inexpiable.
Inexpiably \In*ex"pi*a*bly\, adv.
In an inexpiable manner of degree; to a degree that admits of
no atonement.
Inexpiate \In*ex"pi*ate\, a. [L. inexpiatus. See {In-} not, and
{Expiate}.]
Not appeased or placated. [Obs.]
To rest inexpiate were much too rude a part. --Chapman.
Inexplainable \In`ex*plain"a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
explainable; cf. L. inexplanabilis.]
Incapable of being explained; inexplicable.
Inexpleably \In*ex"ple*a*bly\, adv. [Cf. L. inexplebilis; pref.
in- not + explere to fill up. See {Expletion}.]
Insatiably. [Obs.] --Sandys.
Inexplicability \In*ex`pli*ca*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
inexplicabilit['e].]
The quality or state of being inexplicable. --H. Spencer.
Inexplicable \In*ex"pli*ca*ble\, a. [L. inexplicabilis: cf. F.
inexplicable. See {In-} not, and {Explicable}.]
Not explicable; not explainable; incapable of being
explained, interpreted, or accounted for; as, an inexplicable
mystery. ``An inexplicable scratching.'' --Cowper.
Their reason is disturbed; their views become vast and
perplexed, to others inexplicable, to themselves
uncertain. --Burke.
Inexplicableness \In*ex"pli*ca*ble*ness\, n.
A state of being inexplicable; inexplicability.
Inexplicably \In*ex"pli*ca*bly\, adv.
In an inexplicable manner.
Inexplicit \In`ex*plic"it\, a. [L. inexplicitus: cf. F.
inexplicite. See {In-} not, and {Explicit}.]
Not explicit; not clearly stated; indefinite; vague.
Inexplorable \In`ex*plor"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being explored, searched out, or discovered.
--Sir G. Buck.
Inexplosive \In`ex*plo"sive\, a.
Not explosive.
Inexposure \In`ex*po"sure\ (?; 135), n.
A state of not being exposed.
Inexpressible \In`ex*press"i*ble\, a.
Not capable of expression or utterance in language;
ineffable; unspeakable; indescribable; unutterable; as,
inexpressible grief or pleasure. ``Inexpressible grandeur.''
--Blair.
In orbs Of circuit inexpressible they stood. --Milton.
Inexpressibles \In`ex*press"i*bles\, n. pl.
Breeches; trousers. [Colloq. or Slang]
--Ld. Lytton.
Inexpressibly \In`ex*press"i*bly\, adv.
In an inexpressible manner or degree; unspeakably;
unutterably. --Spectator.
Inexpressive \In`ex*press"ive\, a.
1. Inexpressible. [R.]
2. Without expression or meaning; not expressive; dull;
unintelligent; as, an inexpressive countenance.
Inexpressiveness \In`ex*press"ive*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being inexpressive.
Inexpugnable \In`ex*pug"na*ble\, a. [L. inexpugnabilis: cf. F.
inexpugnable. See {In-} not, and {Expugnable}.]
Incapable of being subdued by force; impregnable;
unconquerable. --Burke.
A fortress, inexpugnable by the arts of war. --Milman.
Inexpugnably \In`ex*pug"na*bly\, adv.
So as to be inexpugnable; in an inexpugnable manner. --Dr. H.
More.
Inexsuperable \In`ex*su"per*a*ble\, a. [L. inexsuperabilis;
pref. in- not + exsuperabilis that may be surmounted. See
{In-} not, {Ex-}, and {Superable}.]
Not capable of being passed over; insuperable;
insurmountable.
Inextended \In`ex*tend"ed\, a.
Not extended.
Inextensible \In`ex*ten"si*ble\, a.
Not capable of being extended; not elastic; as, inextensible
fibers.
Inextension \In`ex*ten"sion\, n.
Want of extension; unextended state.
Inexterminable \In`ex*ter"mi*na*ble\, a. [L. inexterminabilis.
See {In-} not, and {Exterminate}.]
Incapable of extermination. --Rush.
Inextinct \In`ex*tinct"\, a. [L. inextinctus, inexstinctus. See
{Extinct}.]
Not quenched; not extinct.
Inextinguible \In`ex*tin"gui*ble\, a. [L. inexstinguibilis: cf.
F, inextinguible. See {Inextinct}.]
Inextinguishable. [Obs.] --Sir T. More.
Inextinguishable \In`ex*tin"guish*a*ble\, a.
Not capable of being extinguished; extinguishable;
unquenchable; as, inextinguishable flame, light, thirst,
desire, feuds. ``Inextinguishable rage.'' --Milton.
Inextinguishably \In`ex*tin"guish*a*bly\, adv.
So as not to be extinguished; in an inextinguishable manner.
Inextirpable \In`ex*tir"pa*ble\, a. [L. inexstirpabilis: cf. F.
inextirpable. See {In-} not, and {Extirpate}.]
Not capable of being extirpated or rooted out; ineradicable.
Inextricable \In*ex"tri*ca*ble\, a. [L. inextricabilis: cf. F.
inextricable. See {In-} not, and {Extricate}.]
1. Incapable of being extricated, untied, or disentangled;
hopelessly intricate, confused, or obscure; as, an
inextricable knot or difficulty; inextricable confusion.
Lost in the wild, inextricable maze. --Blackmore.
2. Inevitable. [R.] ``Fate inextricable.'' --Milton.
Inextricableness \In*ex"tri*ca*ble*ness\, n.
The state of being inextricable.
Inextricably \In*ex"tri*ca*bly\, adv.
In an inextricable manner.
Ineye \In*eye"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Ineyed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Ineyeing}.] [Pref. in- in + eye.]
To ingraft, as a tree or plant, by the insertion of a bud or
eye; to inoculate.
The arts of grafting and ineying. --J. Philips.
Infabricated \In*fab"ri*ca`ted\, a.
Not fabricated; unwrought; not artificial; natural. [Obs.]
Infallibilist \In*fal"li*bil*ist\, n.
One who accepts or maintains the dogma of papal
infallibility.
Infallibility \In*fal`li*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
infaillibilit['e].]
The quality or state of being infallible, or exempt from
error; inerrability.
Infallibility is the highest perfection of the knowing
faculty. --Tillotson.
{Papal infallibility} (R. C. Ch.), the dogma that the pope
can not, when acting in his official character of supreme
pontiff, err in defining a doctrine of Christian faith or
rule of morals, to be held by the church. This was decreed
by the Ecumenical Council at the Vatican, July 18, 1870.
Infallible \In*fal"li*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + fallible: cf. F.
infallible.]
1. Not fallible; not capable of erring; entirely exempt from
liability to mistake; unerring; inerrable. --Dryden.
2. Not liable to fail, deceive, or disappoint; indubitable;
sure; certain; as, infallible evidence; infallible
success; an infallible remedy.
To whom also he showed himself alive, after his
passion, by many infallible proofs. --Acts i. 3.
3. (R. C. Ch.) Incapable of error in defining doctrines
touching faith or morals. See {Papal infallibility}, under
{Infallibility}.
Infallibleness \In*fal"li*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being infallible; infallibility.
--Bp. Hall.
Infallibly \In*fal"li*bly\, adv.
In an infallible manner; certainly; unfailingly; unerringly.
--Blair.
Infame \In*fame"\, v. t. [L. infamare, fr. infamis infamous: cf.
F. infamer, It. infamare. See {Infamous}.]
To defame; to make infamous. [Obs.] --Milton.
Livia is infamed for the poisoning of her husband.
--Bacon.
Infamize \In"fa*mize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Infamized}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Infamizing}.]
To make infamous; to defame. [R.] --Coleridge.
Infamous \In"fa*mous\, a. [Pref. in- not + famous: cf. L.
infamis. See {Infamy}.]
1. Of very bad report; having a reputation of the worst kind;
held in abhorrence; guilty of something that exposes to
infamy; base; notoriously vile; detestable; as, an
infamous traitor; an infamous perjurer.
False errant knight, infamous, and forsworn.
--Spenser.
2. Causing or producing infamy; deserving detestation;
scandalous to the last degree; as, an infamous act;
infamous vices; infamous corruption. --Macaulay.
3. (Law) Branded with infamy by conviction of a crime; as, at
common law, an infamous person can not be a witness.
4. Having a bad name as being the place where an odious crime
was committed, or as being associated with something
detestable; hence, unlucky; perilous; dangerous.
``Infamous woods.'' --P. Fletcher.
Infamous hills, and sandy perilous wilds. --Milton.
The piny shade More infamous by cursed Lycaon made.
--Dryden.
Syn: Detestable; odious; scandalous; disgraceful; base; vile;
shameful; ignominious.
Infamously \In"fa*mous*ly\, adv.
In an infamous manner or degree; scandalously; disgracefully;
shamefully.
The sealed fountain of royal bounty which had been
infamously monopolized and huckstered. --Burke.
Infamousness \In"fa*mous*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being infamous; infamy.
Infamy \In"fa*my\, n.; pl. {Infamies}. [L. infamia, fr. infamis
infamous; pref. in- not + fama fame: cf. F. infamie. See
{Fame}.]
1. Total loss of reputation; public disgrace; dishonor;
ignominy; indignity.
The afflicted queen would not yield, and said she
would not . . . submit to such infamy. --Bp. Burnet.
2. A quality which exposes to disgrace; extreme baseness or
vileness; as, the infamy of an action.
3. (Law) That loss of character, or public disgrace, which a
convict incurs, and by which he is at common law rendered
incompetent as a witness.
Infancy \In"fan*cy\, n. [L. infantia: cf. F. enfance. See
{Infant}.]
1. The state or period of being an infant; the first part of
life; early childhood.
The babe yet lies in smiling infancy. --Milton.
Their love in early infancy began. --Dryden.
2. The first age of anything; the beginning or early period
of existence; as, the infancy of an art.
The infancy and the grandeur of Rome. --Arbuthnot.
3. (Law) The state or condition of one under age, or under
the age of twenty-one years; nonage; minority.
Infandous \In*fan"dous\, a. [L. infandus; pref. in- not + fari
to speak.]
Too odious to be expressed or mentioned. [Obs.] --Howell.
Infangthef \In*fang"thef\, n. [AS. in-fangen-pe['o]f; in in,
into + fangen taken (p. p. of f?n to take) + pe['o]f thief.]
(O. Eng. Law)
The privilege granted to lords of certain manors to judge
thieves taken within the seigniory of such lords. --Cowell.
Infant \In"fant\, n. [L. infans; pref. in- not + fari to speak:
cf. F. enfant, whence OE. enfaunt. See {Fame}, and cf.
{Infante}, {Infanta}.]
1. A child in the first period of life, beginning at his
birth; a young babe; sometimes, a child several years of
age.
And tender cries of infants pierce the ear. --C.
Pitt.
2. (Law) A person who is not of full age, or who has not
attained the age of legal capacity; a person under the age
of twenty-one years; a minor.
Note: An infant under seven years of age is not penally
responsible; between seven and fourteen years of age,
he may be convicted of a malicious offense if malice be
proved. He becomes of age on the day preceding his
twenty-first birthday, previous to which time an infant
has no capacity to contract.
3. Same as {Infante}. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Infant \In"fant\, a.
1. Of or pertaining to infancy, or the first period of life;
tender; not mature; as, infant strength.
2. Intended for young children; as, an infant school.
Infant \In"fant\, v. t. [Cf. F. enfanter.]
To bear or bring forth, as a child; hence, to produce, in
general. [Obs.]
This worthy motto, ``No bishop, no king,'' is . . .
infanted out of the same fears. --Milton.
Infanta \In*fan"ta\, n. [Sp. & Pg., fem. of infante. See
{Infante}.]
A title borne by every one of the daughters of the kings of
Spain and Portugal, except the eldest.
Infante \In*fan"te\, n. [Sp. & Pg. See {Infant}.]
A title given to every one of sons of the kings of Spain and
Portugal, except the eldest or heir apparent.
Infanthood \In"fant*hood\, n.
Infancy. [R.]
Infanticidal \In*fan"ti*ci`dal\, a.
Of or pertaining to infanticide; engaged in, or guilty of,
child murder.
Infanticide \In*fan"ti*cide\, n. [L. infanticidium child murder;
infans, -antis, child + caedere to kill: cf. F. infanticide.
See {Infant}, and {Homicide}.]
The murder of an infant born alive; the murder or killing of
a newly born or young child; child murder.
Infanticide \In*fan"ti*cide\, n. [L. infanticida: cf. F.
infanticide.]
One who commits the crime of infanticide; one who kills an
infant.
Infantile \In"fan*tile\ (?; 277), a. [L. infantilis: cf. F.
infantile. See {Infant}.]
Of or pertaining to infancy, or to an infant; similar to, or
characteristic of, an infant; childish; as, infantile
behavior.
Infantine \In"fan*tine\ (?; 277), a. [Cf. F. enfantin.]
Infantile; childish.
A degree of credulity next infantine. --Burke.
Infantlike \In"fant*like`\, a.
Like an infant. --Shak.
Infantly \In"fant*ly\, a.
Like an infant. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
Infantry \In"fan*try\, n. [F. infanterie, It. infanteria, fr.
infante infant, child, boy servant, foot soldier, fr. L.
infans, -antis, child; foot soldiers being formerly the
servants and followers of knights. See {Infant}.]
1. A body of children. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
2. (Mil.) A body of soldiers serving on foot; foot soldiers,
in distinction from cavalry.
Infarce \In*farce"\, v. t. [L. infarcire: pref. in- in +
farcire, fartum and farctum, to stuff, cram.]
To stuff; to swell. [Obs.]
The body is infarced with . . . watery humors. --Sir T.
Elyot.
Infarction \In*farc"tion\, n. [See {Infarce}.]
The act of stuffing or filling; an overloading and
obstruction of any organ or vessel of the body; constipation.
Infare \In"fare`\, n. [AS. inf[ae]r entrance.]
A house-warming; especially, a reception, party, or
entertainment given by a newly married couple, or by the
husband upon receiving the wife to his house. [Written also
{infair}.] [Scot., & Local, U. S.]
Infashionable \In*fash"ion*a*ble\, a.
Unfashionable. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
Infatigable \In*fat"i*ga*ble\, a. [L. infatigabilis: cf. F.
infatigable.]
Indefatigable. [Obs.] --Daniel.
Infatuate \In*fat"u*ate\ (?; 135), a. [L. infatuatus, p. p. of
infatuare to infatuate; pref. in- in + fatuus foolish. See
{Fatuous}.]
Infatuated. --Bp. Hall.
Infatuate \In*fat"u*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Infatuated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Infatuating}.]
1. To make foolish; to affect with folly; to weaken the
intellectual powers of, or to deprive of sound judgment.
The judgment of God will be very visible in
infatuating a people . . . ripe and prepared for
destruction. --Clarendon.
2. To inspire with a foolish and extravagant passion; as, to
be infatuated with gaming.
The people are . . . infatuated with the notion.
--Addison.
Infatuated \In*fat"u*a`ted\, a.
Overcome by some foolish passion or desire; affected by
infatuation.
Infatuation \In*fat`u*a"tion\, n. [LL. infatuatio: cf. F.
infatuation.]
The act of infatuating; the state of being infatuated; folly;
that which infatuates.
The infatuations of the sensual and frivolous part of
mankind are amazing; but the infatuations of the
learned and sophistical are incomparably more so. --I.
Taylor.
Such is the infatuation of self-love. --Blair.
Infaust \In*faust"\, a. [L. infaustus; pref. in- not + faustus
fortunate, lucky.]
Not favorable; unlucky; unpropitious; sinister. [R.] --Ld.
Lytton.
Infausting \In*faust"ing\, n.
The act of making unlucky; misfortune; bad luck. [Obs.]
--Bacon.
Infeasibility \In*fea`si*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state of being infeasible; impracticability.
Infeasible \In*fea"si*ble\, a.
Not capable of being done or accomplished; impracticable.
--Glanvill.
Infeasibleness \In*fea"si*ble*ness\, n.
The state of quality of being infeasible; infeasibility. --W.
Montagu.
Infect \In*fect"\, a. [L. infectus: cf. F. infect. See {Infect},
v. t.]
Infected. Cf. {Enfect}. [Obs.] --Shak.
Infect \In*fect"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Infected}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Infecting}.] [L. infectus, p. p. of inficere to put or
dip into, to stain, infect; pref. in- in + facere to make;
cf. F. infecter. See {Fact}.]
1. To taint with morbid matter or any pestilential or noxious
substance or effluvium by which disease is produced; as,
to infect a lancet; to infect an apartment.
2. To affect with infectious disease; to communicate
infection to; as, infected with the plague.
Them that were left alive being infected with this
disease. --Sir T.
North.
3. To communicate to or affect with, as qualities or
emotions, esp. bad qualities; to corrupt; to contaminate;
to taint by the communication of anything noxious or
pernicious. --Cowper.
Infected Ston's daughters with like heat. --Milton.
4. (Law) To contaminate with illegality or to expose to
penalty.
Syn: To poison; vitiate; pollute; defile.
Infecter \In*fect"er\, n.
One who, or that which, infects.
Infectible \In*fect"i*ble\, a.
Capable of being infected.
Infection \In*fec"tion\, n. [Cf. F. infection, L. infectio a
dyeing.]
1. The act or process of infecting.
There was a strict order against coming to those
pits, and that was only to prevent infection. --De
Foe.
2. That which infects, or causes the communicated disease;
any effluvium, miasm, or pestilential matter by which an
infectious disease is caused.
And that which was still worse, they that did thus
break out spread the infection further by their
wandering about with the distemper upon them. --De
Foe.
3. The state of being infected; contamination by morbific
particles; the result of infecting influence; a prevailing
disease; epidemic.
The danger was really very great, the infection
being so very violent in London. --De Foe.
4. That which taints or corrupts morally; as, the infection
of vicious principles.
It was her chance to light Amidst the gross
infections of those times. --Daniel.
5. (Law) Contamination by illegality, as in cases of
contraband goods; implication.
6. Sympathetic communication of like qualities or emotions;
influence.
Through all her train the soft infection ran.
--Pope.
Mankind are gay or serious by infection. --Rambler.
Syn: {Infection}, {Contagion}.
Usage: Infection is often used in a definite and limited
sense of the transmission of affections without direct
contact of individuals or immediate application or
introduction of the morbific agent, in
contradistinction to contagion, which then implies
transmission by direct contact. Quain. See
{Contagious}.
Infectious \In*fec"tious\, a. [Cf. F. infectieux.]
1. Having qualities that may infect; communicable or caused
by infection; pestilential; epidemic; as, an infectious
fever; infectious clothing; infectious air; infectious
vices.
Where the infectious pestilence. --Shak.
2. Corrupting, or tending to corrupt or contaminate;
vitiating; demoralizing.
It [the court] is necessary for the polishing of
manners . . . but it is infectious even to the best
morals to live always in it. --Dryden.
3. (Law) Contaminating with illegality; exposing to seizure
and forfeiture.
Contraband articles are said to be of an infectious
nature. --Kent.
4. Capable of being easily diffused or spread; sympathetic;
readily communicated; as, infectious mirth.
The laughter was so genuine as to be infectious.
--W. Black.
Syn: See {Contagious}.
Infectiously \In*fec"tious*ly\, adv.
In an infectious manner. --Shak.
Infectiousness \In*fec"tious*ness\, n.
The quality of being infectious.
Infective \In*fect"ive\, a. [L. infectivus pertaining to
dyeing.]
Infectious. --Beau. & Fl.
True love . . . hath an infective power. --Sir P.
Sidney.
Infecund \In*fec"und\, a. [L. infecundus: cf. F. inf['e]cond.
See {In-} not, and {Fecund}.]
Unfruitful; not producing young; barren; infertile. [Obs.]
--Evelyn.
Infecundity \In`fe*cun"di*ty\, n. [L. infecunditas: cf. F.
inf['e]condit['e].]
Want of fecundity or fruitfulness; barrenness; sterility;
unproductiveness.
Infecundous \In`fe*cun"dous\, a. [See {Infecund}.]
Infertile; barren; unprofitable; unproductive. [Obs.]
--Glanvill.
Infeeble \In*fee"ble\, v. t.
See {Enfeeble}.
Infelicitous \In`fe*lic"i*tous\, a.
Not felicitous; unhappy; unfortunate; not fortunate or
appropriate in application; not well said, expressed, or
done; as, an infelicitous condition; an infelicitous remark;
an infelicitous description; infelicitous words.
Infelicity \In`fe*lic"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Infelicities}. [L.
infelicitas: cf. F. inf['e]licit['e]. See {In-} not, and
{Felicity}.]
1. The state or quality of being infelicitous; unhappiness;
misery; wretchedness; misfortune; want of suitableness or
appropriateness. --I. Watts.
Whatever is the ignorance and infelicity of the
present state, we were made wise and happy.
--Glanvill.
2. That (as an act, word, expression, etc.) which is
infelicitous; as, infelicities of speech.
Infelonious \In`fe*lo"ni*ous\, a.
Not felonious, malignant, or criminal. --G. Eliot.
Infelt \In"felt`\, a. [Pref. in- in + felt.]
Felt inwardly; heartfelt. [R.]
The baron stood afar off, or knelt in submissive,
acknowledged, infelt inferiority. --Milman.
Infeodation \In`feo*da"tion\, n. (Law)
See {Infeudation}.
Infeoff \In*feoff"\, v. t. (Law)
See {Enfeoff}.
Infeoffment \In*feoff"ment\, n. (Law)
See {Enfeoffment}.
Infer \In*fer"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inferred}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Inferring}.] [L. inferre to bring into, bring forward,
occasion, infer; pref. in- in + ferre to carry, bring: cf. F.
inf['e]rer. See 1 st {Bear}.]
1. To bring on; to induce; to occasion. [Obs.] --Harvey.
2. To offer, as violence. [Obs.] --Spenser.
3. To bring forward, or employ as an argument; to adduce; to
allege; to offer. [Obs.]
Full well hath Clifford played the orator, Inferring
arguments of mighty force. --Shak.
4. To derive by deduction or by induction; to conclude or
surmise from facts or premises; to accept or derive, as a
consequence, conclusion, or probability; to imply; as, I
inferred his determination from his silence.
To infer is nothing but by virtue of one proposition
laid down as true, to draw in another as true.
--Locke.
Such opportunities always infer obligations.
--Atterbury.
5. To show; to manifest; to prove. [Obs.]
The first part is not the proof of the second, but
rather contrariwise, the second inferreth well the
first. --Sir T. More.
This doth infer the zeal I had to see him. --Shak.
Inferable \In*fer"a*ble\ ([i^]n*f[~e]r"[.a]*b'l or
[i^]n*f[e^]r"-; 277), a.
Capable of being inferred or deduced from premises. [Written
also {inferrible}.] --H. Spencer.
A sufficient argument . . . is inferable from these
premises. --Burke.
Inference \In"fer*ence\, n. [From {Infer}.]
1. The act or process of inferring by deduction or induction.
Though it may chance to be right in the conclusions,
it is yet unjust and mistaken in the method of
inference. --Glanvill.
2. That which inferred; a truth or proposition drawn from
another which is admitted or supposed to be true; a
conclusion; a deduction. --Milton.
These inferences, or conclusions, are the effects of
reasoning, and the three propositions, taken all
together, are called syllogism, or argument. --I.
Watts.
Syn: Conclusion; deduction; consequence.
Usage: {Inference}, {Conclusion}. An inference is literally
that which is brought in; and hence, a deduction or
induction from premises, -- something which follows as
certainly or probably true. A conclusion is stronger
than an inference; it shuts us up to the result, and
terminates inquiry. We infer what is particular or
probable; we conclude what is certain. In a chain of
reasoning we have many inferences, which lead to the
ultimate conclusion. ``An inference is a proposition
which is perceived to be true, because of its
connection with some known fact.'' ``When something is
simply affirmed to be true, it is called a
proposition; after it has been found to be true by
several reasons or arguments, it is called a
conclusion.'' --I. Taylor.
Inferential \In`fer*en"tial\, a.
Deduced or deducible by inference. ``Inferential proofs.''
--J. S. Mill.
Inferentially \In`fer*en"tial*ly\, adv.
By way of inference.
Inferiae \In*fe"ri*[ae]\, n. pl. [L., fr. inferus underneath.]
(Rom. Antiq.)
Sacrifices offered to the souls of deceased heroes or
friends.
Inferior \In*fe"ri*or\, a. [L., compar. of inferus that is
below, underneath, the lower; akin to E. under: cf. F.
inf['e]rieur. See {Under}.]
1. Lower in place, rank, excellence, etc.; less important or
valuable; subordinate; underneath; beneath.
A thousand inferior and particular propositions.
--I. Watts.
The body, or, as some love to call it, our inferior
nature. --Burke.
Whether they are equal or inferior to my other
poems, an author is the most improper judge.
--Dryden.
2. Poor or mediocre; as, an inferior quality of goods.
3. (Astron.)
(a) Nearer the sun than the earth is; as, the inferior or
interior planets; an inferior conjunction of Mercury
or Venus.
(b) Below the horizon; as, the inferior part of a
meridian.
4. (Bot.)
(a) Situated below some other organ; -- said of a calyx
when free from the ovary, and therefore below it, or
of an ovary with an adherent and therefore inferior
calyx.
(b) On the side of a flower which is next the bract;
anterior.
5. (Min.) Junior or subordinate in rank; as, an inferior
officer.
{Inferior court} (Law), a court subject to the jurisdiction
of another court known as the superior, or higher, court.
{Inferior letter}, {Inferior figure} (Print.), a small letter
or figure standing at the bottom of the line (opposed to
{superior letter} or figure), as in A_{2}, B_{n}, 2 and n
are inferior characters.
{Inferior tide}, the tide corresponding to the moon's transit
of the meridian, when below the horizon.
Inferior \In*fe"ri*or\, n.
A person lower in station, rank, intellect, etc., than
another.
A great person gets more by obliging his inferior than
by disdaining him. --South.
Inferiority \In*fe`ri*or"i*ty\, [Cf. F. inf['e]riorit['e].]
The state of being inferior; a lower state or condition; as,
inferiority of rank, of talents, of age, of worth.
A deep sense of our own great inferiority. --Boyle.
Inferiorly \In*fe"ri*or*ly\, adv.
In an inferior manner, or on the inferior part.
Infernal \In*fer"nal\, a. [F. infernal, L. infernalis, fr.
infernus that which lies beneath, the lower. See {Inferior}.]
1. Of or pertaining to or suitable for the lower regions,
inhabited, according to the ancients, by the dead;
pertaining to Pluto's realm of the dead, the Tartarus of
the ancients.
The Elysian fields, the infernal monarchy. --Garth.
2. Of or pertaining to, resembling, or inhabiting, hell;
suitable for hell, or to the character of the inhabitants
of hell; hellish; diabolical; as, infernal spirits, or
conduct.
The instruments or abettors in such infernal
dealings. --Addison.
{Infernal machine}, a machine or apparatus maliciously
designed to explode, and destroy life or property.
{Infernal stone} (lapis infernalis), lunar caustic; formerly
so called. The name was also applied to caustic potash.
Syn: Tartarean; Stygian; hellish; devilish; diabolical;
satanic; fiendish; malicious.
Infernal \In*fer"nal\, n.
An inhabitant of the infernal regions; also, the place
itself. [Obs.] --Drayton.
Infernally \In*fer"nal*ly\, adv.
In an infernal manner; diabolically. ``Infernally false.''
--Bp. Hacket.
Inferobranchian \In`fe*ro*bran"chi*an\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
One of the Inferobranchiata.
Inferobranchiata \In`fe*ro*bran`chi*a"ta\, n. pl. [NL. See
{Inferobranchiate}.] (Zo["o]l.)
A suborder of marine gastropod mollusks, in which the gills
are between the foot and the mantle.
Inferobranchiate \In`fe*ro*bran"chi*ate\, a. [L. inferus lower +
E. branchiate.] (Zo["o]l.)
Having the gills on the sides of the body, under the margin
of the mantle; belonging to the Inferobranchiata.
Inferrible \In*fer"ri*ble\, a.
Inferable.
Infertile \In*fer"tile\, a. [L. infertilis: cf. F. infertile.
See {In-} not, and {Fertile}.]
Not fertile; not productive; barren; sterile; as, an
infertile soil.
Infertilely \In*fer"tile*ly\, adv.
In an infertile manner.
Infertility \In`fer*til"i*ty\, n. [L. infertilitas: cf. F.
infertilit['e].]
The state or quality of being infertile; unproductiveness;
barrenness.
The infertility or noxiousness of the soil. --Sir M.
Hale.
Infest \In*fest"\, a. [L. infestus. See {Infest}, v. t.]
Mischievous; hurtful; harassing. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Infest \In*fest"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Infested}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Infesting}.] [L. infestare, fr. infestus disturbed,
hostile, troublesome; in in, against + the root of defendere:
cf. F. infester. See {Defend}.]
To trouble greatly by numbers or by frequency of presence; to
disturb; to annoy; to frequent and molest or harass; as,
fleas infest dogs and cats; a sea infested with pirates.
To poison vermin that infest his plants. --Cowper.
These, said the genius, are envy, avarice,
superstition, love, with the like cares and passions
that infest human life. --Addison.
And the cares, that infest the day, Shall fold their
tents, like the Arabs, And as silently steal away.
--Longfellow.
Infesttation \In`fest*ta"tion\, n. [L. infestatio: cf. F.
infestation.]
The act of infesting or state of being infested; molestation;
vexation; annoyance. --Bacon.
Free from the infestation of enemies. --Donne.
Infester \In*fest"er\, n.
One who, or that which, infests.
Infestive \In*fest"ive\, a. [L. infestivus. See {In-} not, and
{Festive}.]
Having no mirth; not festive or merry; dull; cheerless;
gloomy; forlorn. [R.]
Infestivity \In`fes*tiv"i*ty\, n.
Want of festivity, cheerfulness, or mirth; dullness;
cheerlessness. [R.]
Infestuous \In*fes"tu*ous\ (?; 135), a. [L. infestus. See
{Infest}, a.]
Mischievous; harmful; dangerous. [Obs.] ``Infestuous as
serpents.'' --Bacon.
Infeudation \In`feu*da"tion\, n. [LL. infeudatio, fr. infeudare
to enfeoff: cf. F. inf['e]odation. See {Feud} a fief.]
1. (Law) The act of putting one in possession of an estate in
fee. --Sir M. Hale.
2. The granting of tithes to laymen. --Blackstone.
Infibulation \In*fib`u*la"tion\, n. [L. infibulare, infibulatum,
to clasp, buckle, or button together; pref. in- in + fibula
clasp, buckle: cf. F. infibulation.]
1. The act of clasping, or fastening, as with a buckle or
padlock.
2. The act of attaching a ring, clasp, or frame, to the
genital organs in such a manner as to prevent copulation.
Infidel \In"fi*del\, a. [L. infidelis; pref. in- not + fidelis
faithful, fr. fides faith: cf. F. infid[`e]le. See
{Fidelity}.]
Not holding the faith; -- applied esp. to one who does not
believe in the inspiration of the Scriptures, and the
supernatural origin of Christianity.
The infidel writer is a great enemy to society. --V.
Knox.
Infidel \In"fi*del\, n.
One who does not believe in the prevailing religious faith;
especially, one who does not believe in the divine origin and
authority of Christianity; a Mohammedan; a heathen; a
freethinker.
Note: Infidel is used by English writers to translate the
equivalent word used Mohammedans in speaking of
Christians and other disbelievers in Mohammedanism.
Syn: {Infidel}, {Unbeliever}, {Freethinker}, {Deist},
{Atheist}, {Sceptic}, {Agnostic}.
Usage: An infidel, in common usage, is one who denies
Christianity and the truth of the Scriptures. Some
have endeavored to widen the sense of infidel so as to
embrace atheism and every form of unbelief; but this
use does not generally prevail. A freethinker is now
only another name for an infidel. An unbeliever is not
necessarily a disbeliever or infidel, because he may
still be inquiring after evidence to satisfy his mind;
the word, however, is more commonly used in the
extreme sense. A deist believes in one God and a
divine providence, but rejects revelation. An atheist
denies the being of God. A sceptic is one whose faith
in the credibility of evidence is weakened or
destroyed, so that religion, to the same extent, has
no practical hold on his mind. An agnostic remains in
a state of suspended judgment, neither affirming nor
denying the existence of a personal Deity.
Infidelity \In`fi*del"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Infidelities}. [L.
infidelitas: cf. F. infid['e]lit['e].]
1. Want of faith or belief in some religious system;
especially, a want of faith in, or disbelief of, the
inspiration of the Scriptures, of the divine origin of
Christianity.
There is, indeed, no doubt but that vanity is one of
the principal causes of infidelity. --V. Knox.
2. Unfaithfulness to the marriage vow or contract; violation
of the marriage covenant by adultery.
3. Breach of trust; unfaithfulness to a charge, or to moral
obligation; treachery; deceit; as, the infidelity of a
servant. ``The infidelity of friends.'' --Sir W. Temple.
Infield \In*field"\, v. t.
To inclose, as a field. [R.]
Infield \In"field`\, n.
1. Arable and manured land kept continually under crop; --
distinguished from outfield. [Scotland] --Jamieson.
2. (Baseball) The diamond; -- opposed to {outfield}. See
{Diamond}, n., 5.
Infile \In*file"\, v. t.
To arrange in a file or rank; to place in order. [Obs.]
--Holland.
Infilm \In*film"\, v. t.
To cover with a film; to coat thinly; as, to infilm one metal
with another in the process of gilding; to infilm the glass
of a mirror. [R.]
Infilter \In*fil"ter\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Infiltered}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Infiltering}.] [Cf. {Infiltrate}.]
To filter or sift in.
Infiltrate \In*fil"trate\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Infiltrated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Infiltrating}.] [Pref. in- + filtrate: cf. F,
s'infiltrer. Cf. {Infilter}.]
To enter by penetrating the pores or interstices of a
substance; to filter into or through something.
The water infiltrates through the porous rock.
--Addison.
Infiltrate \In*fil"trate\, v. t.
To penetrate gradually; -- sometimes used reflexively. --J.
S. Mill.
Infiltration \In`fil*tra"tion\, n. [Cf. F. infiltration.]
1. The act or process of infiltrating, as if water into a
porous substance, or of a fluid into the cells of an organ
or part of the body.
2. The substance which has entered the pores or cavities of a
body. --Addison.
Calcareous infiltrations filling the cavities.
--Kirwan.
{Fatty infiltration}. (Med.) See under {Fatty}.
{Infiltration gallery}, a filter gallery.
Infiltrative \In*fil"tra*tive\, a.
Of or pertaining to infiltration. --Kane.
Infinite \In"fi*nite\, a. [L. infinitus: cf. F. infini. See
{In-} not, and {Finite}.]
1. Unlimited or boundless, in time or space; as, infinite
duration or distance.
Whatever is finite, as finite, will admit of no
comparative relation with infinity; for whatever is
less than infinite is still infinitely distant from
infinity; and lower than infinite distance the
lowest or least can not sink. --H. Brooke.
2. Without limit in power, capacity, knowledge, or
excellence; boundless; immeasurably or inconceivably
great; perfect; as, the infinite wisdom and goodness of
God; -- opposed to {finite}.
Great is our Lord, and of great power; his
understanding is infinite. --Ps. cxlvii.
5.
O God, how infinite thou art! --I. Watts.
3. Indefinitely large or extensive; great; vast; immense;
gigantic; prodigious.
Infinite riches in a little room. --Marlowe.
Which infinite calamity shall cause To human life.
--Milton.
4. (Math.) Greater than any assignable quantity of the same
kind; -- said of certain quantities.
5. (Mus.) Capable of endless repetition; -- said of certain
forms of the canon, called also {perpetual fugues}, so
constructed that their ends lead to their beginnings, and
the performance may be incessantly repeated. --Moore
(Encyc. of Music).
Syn: Boundless; immeasurable; illimitable; interminable;
limitless; unlimited; endless; eternal.
Infinite \In"fi*nite\, n.
1. That which is infinite; boundless space or duration;
infinity; boundlessness.
Not till the weight is heaved from off the air, and
the thunders roll down the horizon, will the serene
light of God flow upon us, and the blue infinite
embrace us again. --J.
Martineau.
2. (Math.) An infinite quantity or magnitude.
3. An infinity; an incalculable or very great number.
Glittering chains, embroidered richly o'er With
infinite of pearls and finest gold. --Fanshawe.
4. The Infinite Being; God; the Almighty.
Infinitely \In"fi*nite*ly\, adv.
1. Without bounds or limits; beyond or below assignable
limits; as, an infinitely large or infinitely small
quantity.
2. Very; exceedingly; vastly; highly; extremely. ``Infinitely
pleased.'' --Dryden.
Infiniteness \In"fi*nite*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being infinite; infinity; greatness;
immensity. --Jer. Taylor.
Infinitesimal \In`fin*i*tes"i*mal\, a. [Cf. F. infinit['e]simal,
fr. infinit['e]sime infinitely small, fr. L. infinitus. See
{Infinite}, a.]
Infinitely or indefinitely small; less than any assignable
quantity or value; very small.
{Infinitesimal calculus}, the different and the integral
calculus, when developed according to the method used by
Leibnitz, who regarded the increments given to variables
as infinitesimal.
Infinitesimal \In`fin*i*tes"i*mal\, n. (Math.)
An infinitely small quantity; that which is less than any
assignable quantity.
Infinitesimally \In`fin*i*tes"i*mal*ly\, adv.
By infinitesimals; in infinitely small quantities; in an
infinitesimal degree.
Infinitival \In*fin`i*ti"val\, a.
Pertaining to the infinite mood. ``Infinitival stems.''
--Fitzed. Hall.
Infinitive \In*fin"i*tive\, n. [L. infinitivus: cf. F.
infinitif. See {Infinite}.]
Unlimited; not bounded or restricted; undefined.
{Infinitive mood} (Gram.), that form of the verb which merely
names the action, and performs the office of a verbal
noun. Some grammarians make two forms in English: ({a})
The simple form, as, speak, go, hear, before which to is
commonly placed, as, to speak; to go; to hear. ({b}) The
form of the imperfect participle, called the infinitive in
-ing; as, going is as easy as standing.
Note: With the auxiliary verbs may, can, must, might, could,
would, and should, the simple infinitive is expressed
without to; as, you may speak; they must hear, etc. The
infinitive usually omits to with the verbs let, dare,
do, bid, make, see, hear, need, etc.; as, let me go;
you dare not tell; make him work; hear him talk, etc.
Note: In Anglo-Saxon, the simple infinitive was not preceded
by to (the sign of modern simple infinitive), but it
had a dative form (sometimes called the gerundial
infinitive) which was preceded by to, and was chiefly
employed in expressing purpose. See {Gerund}, 2.
Note: The gerundial ending (-anne) not only took the same
form as the simple infinitive (-an), but it was
confounded with the present participle in -ende, or
-inde (later -inge).
Infinitive \In*fin"i*tive\, n. (Gram.)
An infinitive form of the verb; a verb in the infinitive
mood; the infinitive mood.
Infinitive \In*fin"i*tive\, adv. (Gram.)
In the manner of an infinitive mood.
Infinito \In`fi*ni"to\, a. [It.] (Mus.)
Infinite; perpetual, as a canon whose end leads back to the
beginning. See {Infinite}, a., 5.
Infinitude \In*fin"i*tude\, n.
1. The quality or state of being infinite, or without limits;
infiniteness.
2. Infinite extent; unlimited space; immensity; infinity. ``I
am who fill infinitude.'' --Milton.
As pleasing to the fancy, as speculations of
eternity or infinitude are to the understanding.
--Addison.
3. Boundless number; countless multitude. ``An infinitude of
distinctions.'' --Addison.
Infinituple \In*fin"i*tu`ple\, a. [Cf. {Quadruple}.]
Multipied an infinite number of times. [R.] --Wollaston.
Infinity \In*fin"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Infinities}. [L. infinitas;
pref. in- not + finis boundary, limit, end: cf. F.
infinit['e]. See {Finite}.]
1. Unlimited extent of time, space, or quantity; eternity;
boundlessness; immensity. --Sir T. More.
There can not be more infinities than one; for one
of them would limit the other. --Sir W.
Raleigh.
2. Unlimited capacity, energy, excellence, or knowledge; as,
the infinity of God and his perfections. --Hooker.
3. Endless or indefinite number; great multitude; as an
infinity of beauties. --Broome.
4. (Math.) A quantity greater than any assignable quantity of
the same kind.
Note: Mathematically considered, infinity is always a limit
of a variable quantity, resulting from a particular
supposition made upon the varying element which enters
it. --Davies & Peck (Math. Dict.).
5. (Geom.) That part of a line, or of a plane, or of space,
which is infinitely distant. In modern geometry, parallel
lines or planes are sometimes treated as lines or planes
meeting at infinity.
{Circle at infinity}, an imaginary circle at infinity,
through which, in geometry of three dimensions, every
sphere is imagined to pass.
{Circular points at infinity}. See under {Circular}.
Infirm \In*firm"\ ([i^]n*f[~e]rm"), a. [L. infirmus: cf. F.
infirme. See {In-} not, and {Firm}, a.]
1. Not firm or sound; weak; feeble; as, an infirm body; an
infirm constitution.
A poor, infirm, weak, and despised old man. --Shak.
2. Weak of mind or will; irresolute; vacillating. ``An infirm
judgment.'' --Burke.
Infirm of purpose! --Shak.
3. Not solid or stable; insecure; precarious.
He who fixes on false principles treads or infirm
ground. --South.
Syn: Debilitated; sickly; feeble; decrepit; weak; enfeebled;
irresolute; vacillating; imbecile.
Infirm \In*firm"\, v. t. [L. infirmare : cf. F. infirmer.]
To weaken; to enfeeble. [Obs.] --Sir W. Raleigh.
Infirmarian \In`fir*ma"ri*an\ ([i^]n`f[~e]r*m[=a]"r[i^]*an), n.
A person dwelling in, or having charge of, an infirmary, esp.
in a monastic institution.
Infirmary \In*firm"a*ry\ ([i^]n*f[~e]rm"[.a]*r[y^]), n.; pl.
{Infirmaries} (-r[i^]z). [Cf. OE. fermerie, OF. enfermerie,
F. infirmerie, LL. infirmaria. See {Infirm}.]
A hospital, or place where the infirm or sick are lodged and
nursed gratuitously, or where out-patients are treated.
Infirmative \In*firm"a*tive\, a. [Cf. F. infirmatif.]
Weakening; annulling, or tending to make void. [Obs.]
Infirmatory \In*firm"a*to*ry\, n.
An infirmary. [Obs.]
Infirmity \In*firm"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Infirmities}. [L. infirmitas
: cf. F. infirmite. See {Infirm}, a.]
1. The state of being infirm; feebleness; an imperfection or
weakness; esp., an unsound, unhealthy, or debilitated
state; a disease; a malady; as, infirmity of body or mind.
'T is the infirmity of his age. --Shak.
2. A personal frailty or failing; foible; eccentricity; a
weakness or defect.
Will you be cured of your infirmity ? --Shak.
A friend should bear his friend's infirmities.
--Shak.
The house has also its infirmities. --Evelyn.
Syn: Debility; imbecility; weakness; feebleness; failing;
foible; defect; disease; malady. See {Debility}.
Infirmly \In*firm"ly\, adv.
In an infirm manner.
Infirmness \In*firm"ness\, n.
Infirmity; feebleness. --Boyle.
Infix \In*fix"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Infixed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Infixing}.] [L. infixus, p. p of infigere to infix; pref.
in- in + figere to fix: cf. F. infixer. See {Fix}.]
1. To set; to fasten or fix by piercing or thrusting in; as,
to infix a sting, spear, or dart. --Shak.
The fatal dart a ready passage found, And deep
within her heart infixed the wound. --Dryden.
2. To implant or fix; to instill; to inculcate, as
principles, thoughts, or instructions; as, to infix good
principles in the mind, or ideas in the memory.
Infix \In"fix\, n.
Something infixed. [R.] --Welsford.
Inflame \In*flame"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inflamed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inflaming}.] [OE. enflamen, OF. enflamer, F.
enflammer, L. inflammare, inflammatum; pref. in- in +
flammare to flame, fr. flamma flame. See {Flame}.]
1. To set on fire; to kindle; to cause to burn, flame, or
glow.
We should have made retreat By light of the inflamed
fleet. --Chapman.
2. Fig.: To kindle or intensify, as passion or appetite; to
excite to an excessive or unnatural action or heat; as, to
inflame desire.
Though more,it seems, Inflamed with lust than rage.
--Milton.
But, O inflame and fire our hearts. --Dryden.
3. To provoke to anger or rage; to exasperate; to irritate;
to incense; to enrage.
It will inflame you; it will make you mad. --Shak.
4. (Med.) To put in a state of inflammation; to produce
morbid heat, congestion, or swelling, of; as, to inflame
the eyes by overwork.
5. To exaggerate; to enlarge upon. [Obs.]
A friend exaggerates a man's virtues, an enemy
inflames his crimes. --Addison.
Syn: To provoke; fire; kindle; irritate; exasperate; incense;
enrage; anger; excite; arouse.
Inflame \In*flame"\, v. i.
To grow morbidly hot, congested, or painful; to become angry
or incensed. --Wiseman.
Inflamed \In*flamed"\, p. a.
1. Set on fire; enkindled; heated; congested; provoked;
exasperated.
2. (Her.) Represented as burning, or as adorned with tongues
of flame.
Inflamer \In*flam"er\ (?n-fl[=a]m"?r), n.
The person or thing that inflames. --Addison.
Inflammabillty \In*flam"ma*bil"l*ty\, n. [Cf.F. inflammabilite.]
Susceptibility of taking fire readily; the state or quality
of being inflammable.
Inflammable \In*flam"ma*ble\, a. [CF. F. inflammable.]
1. Capable of being easily set fire; easily enkindled;
combustible; as, inflammable oils or spirits.
2. Excitable; irritable; irascible; easily provoked; as, an
inflammable temper.
{Inflammable air}, the old chemical name for hydrogen.
Inflammableness \In*flam"ma*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being inflammable; inflammability.
--Boyle.
Inflammbly \In*flam"mbly\, adv.
In an inflammable manner.
Inflammation \In*flam*ma"tion\, n. [L. inflammatio: cf. F.
inflammation. See {Inflame}.]
1. The act of inflaming, kindling, or setting on fire; also,
the state of being inflamed. ``The inflammation of fat.''
--Wilkins.
2. (Med.) A morbid condition of any part of the body,
consisting in congestion of the blood vessels, with
obstruction of the blood current, and growth of morbid
tissue. It is manifested outwardly by redness and
swelling, attended with heat and pain.
3. Violent excitement; heat; passion; animosity; turbulence;
as, an inflammation of the mind, of the body politic, or
of parties. --Hooker.
Inflammative \In*flam"ma*tive\, a.
Inflammatory.
Inflammatory \In*flam"ma*to*ry\, a. [Cf. F. inflammatoire.]
1. Tending to inflame, kindle, or irritate.
2. Tending to excite anger, animosity, tumult, or sedition;
seditious; as, inflammatory libels, writings, speeches, or
publications. --Burke.
3. (Med.) Accompanied with, or tending to cause,
preternatural heat and excitement of arterial action; as,
an inflammatory disease.
{Inflammatory crust}. (Med.) Same as {Buffy coat}, under
{Buffy}.
{Inflammatory fever}, a variety of fever due to inflammation.
Inflatable \In*flat"a*ble\, a.
That may be inflated.
Inflate \In*flate"\, p. a. [L. inflatus, p. p. of inflare to
inflate; pref. in- in + flare to blow. See {Blow} to puff
wind.]
Blown in; inflated. --Chaucer.
Inflate \In*flate"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inflated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inflating}.]
1. To swell or distend with air or gas; to dilate; to expand;
to enlarge; as, to inflate a bladder; to inflate the
lungs.
When passion's tumults in the bosom rise, Inflate
the features, and enrage the eyes. --J. Scott of
Amwell.
2. Fig.: To swell; to puff up; to elate; as, to inflate one
with pride or vanity.
Inflate themselves with some insane delight.
--Tennyson.
3. To cause to become unduly expanded or increased; as, to
inflate the currency.
Inflate \In*flate"\, v. i.
To expand; to fill; to distend.
Inflated \In*flat"ed\, a.
1. Filled, as with air or gas; blown up; distended; as, a
balloon inflated with gas.
2. Turgid; swelling; puffed up; bombastic; pompous; as, an
inflated style.
Inflated and astrut with self-conceit. --Cowper.
3. (Bot.) Hollow and distended, as a perianth, corolla,
nectary, or pericarp. --Martyn.
4. Distended or enlarged fictitiously; as, inflated prices,
etc.
Inflater \In*flat"er\, n.
One who, or that which, inflates; as, the inflaters of the
stock exchange.
Inflatingly \In*flat"ing*ly\, adv.
In a manner tending to inflate.
Inflation \In*fla"tion\, n. [L. inflatio: cf. F. inflation.]
1. The act or process of inflating, or the state of being
inflated, as with air or gas; distention; expansion;
enlargement. --Boyle.
2. The state of being puffed up, as with pride; conceit;
vanity. --B. Jonson.
3. Undue expansion or increase, from overissue; -- said of
currency. [U.S.]
Inflationist \In*fla"tion*ist\, n.
One who favors an increased or very large issue of paper
money. [U.S.]
Inflatus \In*fla"tus\, n. [L. See {Inflate}, v. t.]
A blowing or breathing into; inflation; inspiration.
The divine breath that blows the nostrils out To
ineffable inflatus. --Mrs.
Browning.
Inflect \In*flect"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inflected}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inflecting}.] [L. inflectere, inflexum; pref. in.- in
+ flectere to bend. See {Flexibl}, and cf. {Inflex}.]
1. To turn from a direct line or course; to bend; to incline,
to deflect; to curve; to bow.
Are they [the rays of the sun] not reflected,
refracted, and inflected by one and the same
principle ? --Sir I.
Newton.
2. (Gram.) To vary, as a noun or a verb in its terminations;
to decline, as a noun or adjective, or to conjugate, as a
verb.
3. To modulate, as the voice.
Inflected \In*flect"ed\, a.
1. Bent; turned; deflected.
2. (Gram.) Having inflections; capable of, or subject to,
inflection; inflective.
{Inflected cycloid} (Geom.), a prolate cycloid. See
{Cycloid}.
Inflection \In*flec"tion\, n. [L. inflexio : cf. F. inflexion.
See {Inflect}.] [Written also {inflecxion}.]
1. The act of inflecting, or the state of being inflected.
2. A bend; a fold; a curve; a turn; a twist.
3. A slide, modulation, or accent of the voice; as, the
rising and the falling inflection.
4. (Gram.) The variation or change which words undergo to
mark case, gender, number, comparison, tense, person,
mood, voice, etc.
5. (Mus.)
(a) Any change or modification in the pitch or tone of the
voice.
(b) A departure from the monotone, or reciting note, in
chanting.
6. (Opt.) Same as {Diffraction}.
{Point of inflection} (Geom.), the point on opposite sides of
which a curve bends in contrary ways.
Inflectional \In*flec"tion*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to inflection; having, or characterized by,
inflection. --Max M["u]ller.
Inflective \In*flect"ive\, a.
1. Capable of, or pertaining to, inflection; deflecting; as,
the inflective quality of the air. --Derham.
2. (Gram.) Inflectional; characterized by variation, or
change in form, to mark case, tense, etc.; subject to
inflection.
{Inflective language} (Philol.), a language like the Greek or
Latin, consisting largely of stems with variable
terminations or suffixes which were once independent
words. English is both agglutinative, as, manlike,
headache, and inflective, as, he, his, him. Cf.
{Agglutinative}.
Inflesh \In*flesh"\, v. t.
To incarnate.
Inflex \In*flex"\, v. t. [Cf. {Flex}, {Inflect}.]
To bend; to cause to become curved; to make crooked; to
deflect. --J. Philips.
Inflexed \In*flexed"\, a.
1. Turned; bent. --Feltham.
2. (Bot.) Bent or turned abruptly inwards, or toward the
axis, as the petals of a flower.
Inflexibility \In*flex"i*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
inflexibilit['e].]
The quality or state of being inflexible, or not capable of
being bent or changed; unyielding stiffness; inflexibleness;
rigidity; firmness of will or purpose; unbending pertinacity;
steadfastness; resoluteness; unchangeableness; obstinacy.
The inflexibility of mechanism. --A. Baxter.
That grave inflexibility of soul. --Churchill.
The purity and inflexibility of their faith. --T.
Warton.
Inflexible \In*flex"i*ble\, a. [L. inflexiblis: cf. F.
inflexible. See {In-} not, and {Flexible}.]
1. Not capable of being bent; stiff; rigid; firm; unyielding.
2. Firm in will or purpose; not to be turned, changed, or
altered; resolute; determined; unyieding; inexorable;
stubborn.
``Inflexibleas steel.'' --Miltom.
Amanof upright and inflexibletemper . . . can
overcome all private fear. --Addison.
3. Incapable of change; unalterable; immutable.
The nature of things is inflexible. --I. Watts.
Syn: -- Unbending; unyielding; rigid; inexorable;
pertinacious; obstinate; stubborn; unrelenting.
Inflexibleness \In*flex"i*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being inflexible; inflexibility;
rigidity; firmness.
Inflexibly \In*flex"i*bly\, adv.
In an inflexible manner.
Inflexion \In*flex"ion\, n.
Inflection.
Inflexive \In*flex"ive\, a.
1. Inflective.
``Inflexive endings.'' --W. E. Jelf.
2. Inflexible. [R.] ``Foes inflexive.'' --Chapman.
Inflexure \In*flex"ure\, n.
An inflection; a bend or fold. [R.] --Sir T. Browne.
Inflict \In*flict"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inflicted}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inflicting}.] [L. inflictus, p. p. of infligere to
strike on, to inflict; pref. in- in, on + fligere to strike.
Cf. {Flail}.]
To give, cause, or produce by striking, or as if by striking;
to apply forcibly; to lay or impose; to send; to cause to
bear, feel, or suffer; as, to inflict blows; to inflict a
wound with a dagger; to inflict severe pain by ingratitude;
to inflict punishment on an offender; to inflict the penalty
of death on a criminal.
What heart could wish, what hand inflict, this dire
disgrace? --Drygen.
The persecution and the pain That man inflicts on
infero-ior kinds. --Cowper.
Inflicter \In*flict"er\, n.
One who inflicts.
Godis the sole and immadiate inflicter of such strokes.
--South.
Infliction \In*flic"tion\, n. [L. inflictio: cf. F. infliction.]
1. The act of inflicting or imposing; as, the infliction of
torment, or of punishment.
2. That which is inflicted or imposed, as punishment,
disgrace, calamity, etc.
His severest inflictions are in themselves acts of
justice and righteousness. --Rogers.
Inflictive \In*flict"ive\, a. [Cf.F. inflictif.]
Causing infliction; acting as an infliction. --Whitehead.
Inflorescence \In`flo*res"cence\, n. [L. inflorescens, p. pr. of
inflorescere to begin to blossom; pref. in- in + florescere
to begin to blossom: cf.F. inflorescence. See {Florescent}.]
1. A flowering; the putting forth and unfolding of blossoms.
2. (Bot.)
(a) The mode of flowering, or the general arrangement and
disposition of the flowers with reference to the axis,
and to each other.
(b) An axis on which all the flower buds.
Inflorescence affords an excellent
characteristic mark in distinguishing the
species of plants. --Milne.
{Centrifugal inflorescence}, determinate inflorescence.
{Centripetal inflorescence}, indeterminate inflorescence. See
under {Determinate}, and {Indeterminate}.
Inflow \In*flow"\, v. i.
To flow in. --Wiseman.
Influence \In"flu*ence\, n. [F. influence, fr. L. influens,
-entis, p. pr. See {Influent}, and cf. {Influenza}.]
1. A flowing in or upon; influx. [Obs.]
God hath his influence into the very essence of all
things. --Hooker.
2. Hence, in general, the bringing about of an effect,
phusical or moral, by a gradual process; controlling power
quietly exerted; agency, force, or tendency of any kind
which the sun exerts on animal and vegetable life; the
influence of education on the mind; the influence,
according to astrologers,of the stars over affairs.
Astrologers call the evil influences of the
stars,evil aspects. --Bacon.
Cantsthou bind the sweet influences of Pleiades, or
loose the bands of Orion ? --Job xxxviii.
31.
She said : ?Ah,dearest lord ! what evil star On you
hath frown'd,and poured, his influence bad ?''
--Spenser.
3. Power or authority arising from elevated station,
excelence of character or intellect, wealth, etc.;
reputation; acknowledged ascendency; as, he is a man of
influence in the community.
Such influence hath your excellency. --Sir P.
Sidney.
4. (Elec.) Induction.
Syn: Control; persuasion; ascendency; sway; power; authority;
supremacy; mastery; management; restraint; character;
reputation; prestige.
Influence \In"flu*ence\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Influenced}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Influencing}.]
To control or move by power, physical or moral; to affect by
gentle action; to exert an influence upon; to modify, bias,
or sway; to move; to persuade; to induce.
Theseexperiments succeed after the same manner in vacuo
as in the open air,and therefore are not influenced by
the weight or pressure of the atmosphere. --Sir I.
Newton.
This standing revelation . . . is sufficient to
influence their faith and practice, if they attend.
--Attebury.
The principle which influenced their obedience has lost
its efficacy. --Rogers.
Influencer \In"flu*en*cer\, n.
One who, or that which, influences.
Influencive \In"flu*en*cive\, a.
Tending toinfluence; influential.
Influent \In"flu*ent\, a. [L. influens, -entis, p. pr. of
influere, influxum, to flow in; pref. in- in + fluere to
flow. See {Fluid}.]
1. Flowing in. ``With influent tide.'' --Cowper. ``Influent
odors.'' --Mrs. Browning.
2. Exerting influence; influential. [Obs.]
I find no office by name assigned unto Dr.Cox, who
was virtually influent upon all, and most active.
--Fuller.
Inflential \In`flen"tial\, a. [See {Influence}.]
Exerting or possessing influence or power; potent;
efficacious; effective; strong; having authority or
ascendency; as, an influential man, station, argument, etc.
A very influential Gascon prefix. --Earle.
Influentially \In`flu*en"tial*ly\, adv.
In an influential manner.
Influenza \In`flu*en"za\, n. [It. influenza influence, an
epidemic formerly attributed by astrologers to the influence
of the heavenly bodies, influenza. See {Influence}.] (Med.)
An epidemic affection characterized by acute nasal catarrh,
or by inflammation of the throat or the bronchi, and usually
accompanied by fever.
Influx \In"flux`\, n. [L. influxus, fr. influere, influxum, to
flow in: cf. F. influx. See {Influent}.]
1. The act of flowing in; as, an influx of light.
2. A coming in; infusion; intromission; introduction;
importation in abundance; also, that which flows or comes
in; as, a great influx of goods into a country, or an
influx of gold and silver.
The influx of food into the Celtic region, however,
was far from keeping pace with the influx of
consumers. --Macaulau.
The general influx of Greek into modern languages.
--Earle.
3. Influence; power. [Obs.] --Sir M. Hale.
Influxion \In*flux"ion\, n. [L. influxio : cf. F. influxion.]
A flowing in; infusion. [R.] --Bacon.
Influxious \In*flux"ious\, a.
Influential. [Obs.]
Influxive \In*flux"ive\, a.
Having a tendency to flow in; having influence; influential.
[R.] --Holdsworth.
Influxively \In*flux"ive*ly\, adv.
By influxion. [R.]
Infold \In*fold"\ (?n-f?ld"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Infolded}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Infolding}.] [Pref. in- in + fold.] [Written
also {enfold}.]
1. To wrap up or cover with folds; to envelop; to inwrap; to
inclose; to involve.
Gilded tombs do worms infold. --Shak.
Infold his limbs in bands. --Blackmore.
2. To clasp with the arms; to embrace.
Noble Banquo, . . . let me infold thee, And hold
thee to my heart. --Shak.
Infoldment \In*fold"ment\, n.
The act of infolding; the state of being infolded.
Infoliate \In*fo"li*ate\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + L. folium leaf.]
To cover or overspread with, or as with, leaves. [R.]
--Howell.
Inform \In*form"\, a. [L. informis; pref. in- not + forma form,
shape: cf. F. informe]
Without regular form; shapeless; ugly; deformed. --Cotton.
Inform \In*form"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Informed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Informing}.] [OE. enformen, OF. enformer, F. informer. L.
informare; pref. in- in + formare to form, share, fr. forma
form. See {Form}.]
1. To give form or share to; to give vital ororganizing power
to; to give life to; to imbue and actuate with vitality;
to animate; to mold; to figure; to fashion.
``The informing Word.'' --Coleridge.
Let others better mold the running mass Of metals,
and inform the breathing brass. --Dryden.
Breath informs this fleeting frame. --Prior.
Breathes in our soul,informs our mortal part.
--Pope.
2. To communicate knowledge to; to make known to; to
acquaint; to advise; to instruct; to tell; to notify; to
enlighten; -- usually followed by of.
For he would learn their business secretly, And then
inform his master hastily. --Spenser.
I am informed thoroughky of the cause. --Shak.
3. To communicate a knowledge of facts to,by way of
accusation; to warn against anybody.
Tertullus . . . informed the governor against Paul.
--Acts xxiv.
1.
Syn: To acquaint; apprise; tell; teach; instruct; enlighten;
animate; fashion.
Inform \In*form"\, v. t.
1. To take form; to become visible or manifest; to appear.
[Obs.]
It is the bloody business which informs Thus to mine
eyes. --Shak.
2. To give intelligence or information; to tell. --Shak.
He might either teach in the same manner,or inform
how he had been taught. --Monthly Rev.
{To inform against}, to communicate facts by way of
accusation against; to denounce; as, two persons came to
the magistrate, and informed against A.
Informal \In*form"al\, a. [Pref. in- not + formal.]
1. Not in the regular, usual, or established form; not
according to official, conventional, prescribed, or
customary forms or rules; irregular; hence, without
ceremony; as, an informal writting, proceeding, or visit.
2. Deranged in mind; out of one's senses. [Obs.]
These poor informal women. --Shak.
Informality \In`for*mal"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Informalities}.
1. The state of being informal; want of regular, prescribed,
or customary form; as, the informality of legal
proceedings.
2. An informal, unconventional, or unofficial act or
proceeding; something which is not in proper or prescribed
form or does not conform to the established rule.
Informally \In*form"al*ly\, adv.
In an informal manner.
Informant \In*form"ant\, n. [L. informans, -antis, p. pr. of
informare. See {Inform}, v. t.]
1. One who, or that which, informs, animates, or vivifies.
[Obs.] --Glanvill.
2. One who imparts information or instruction.
3. One who offers an accusation; an informer. See {Informer}.
[Obs. or R.]
It was the last evidence of the kind; the informant
was hanged. --Burke.
Information \In`for*ma"tion\, n. [F., fr. L. informatio
representation, cinception. See {Inform}, v. t.]
1. The act of informing, or communicating knowledge or
intelligence.
The active informations of the intellect. --South.
2. News, advice, or knowledge, communicated by others or
obtained by personal study and investigation;
intelligence; knowledge derived from reading, observation,
or instruction.
Larger opportunities of information. --Rogers.
He should get some information in the subject he
intends to handle. --Swift.
3. (Law) A proceeding in the nature of a prosecution for some
offens against the government, instituted and prosecuted,
really or nominally, by some authorized public officer on
behalt of the government. It differs from an indictment in
criminal cases chiefly in not being based on the finding
of a grand juri. See {Indictment}.
Informative \In*form"a*tive\, a.
Having power to inform, animate, or vivify. --Dr. H. More.
Informatory \In*form"a*to*ry\, a.
Full of, or conveying, information; instructive. [R.]
--London Spectator.
Informed \In*formed"\ (?n-f?rmd"), a.
Unformed or ill-formed; deformed; shapeless. [Obs.]
--Spenser.
{Informed stars}. See under {Unformed}.
Informer \In*form"er\, n. [From {Inform}, v.]
1. One who informs, animates, or inspires. [Obs.] --Thomson.
Nature, informer of the poet's art. --Pope.
2. One who informs, or imparts knowledge or news.
3. (Law) One who informs a magistrate of violations of law;
one who informs against another for violation of some law
or penal statute.
{Common informer} (Law), one who habitually gives information
of the violation of penal statutes, with a view to a
prosecution therefor. --Bouvier. Wharton.
Informidable \In*for"mi*da*ble\, a. [L. informidabilis. See
{In-} not, and {Formidable}.]
Not formidable; not to be feared or dreaded. [Obs.] ``Foe not
informidable.'' --Milton.
Informity \In*form"i*ty\, n. [L. informitas. See {Inform}, a.]
Want of regular form; shapelessness. [Obs.]
Informous \In*form"ous\, a. [See {Inform}, a.]
Of irregular form; shapeless. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Infortunate \In*for"tu*nate\, a. [L. infortunatus.]
Unlucky; unfortunate. [Obs.] --Shak.
``A most infortynate chance.'' --Howell.
-- {In*for"tu*nate*ly}, adv. [Obs.]
Infortune \In*for"tune\, n. [L. infortunium. See {In-} not, and
{Fortune}.]
Misfortune. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Infortuned \In*for"tuned\, a.
Unfortunate. [Obs.]
I, woeful wretch and infortuned wight. --Chaucer.
Infound \In*found"\, v. t. [L. infundere to pour in. See
{Infuse}.]
To pour in; to infuse. [Obs.] --Sir T. More.
Infra \In*"fra\, adv. [L. Cf. {Inferior}.]
Below; beneath; under; after; -- often used as a prefix.
Infra-axillary \In`fra-ax"il*la*ry\, a. [Infra + axillary.]
(Bot.)
Situated below the axil, as a bud.
Infrabranchial \In`fra*bran"chi*al\, a. [Infra + branchial.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Below the gills; -- applied to the ventral portion of the
pallial chamber in the lamellibranchs.
Infraclavicular \In`fra*cla*vic"u*lar\, a. [Infra + clavicular.]
(Anat.)
Below the clavicle; as, the infraclavicular fossa.
Infract \In*fract"\ (?n-fr[hand]kt"), a. [L. infractus; pref.
in- not + fractus. p. p. of frangere to break.]
Not broken or fractured; unharmed; whole. [Obs.] --Chapman.
Infract \In*fract"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Infracted}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Infracting}.] [L. infractus, p. p. of of infringere.
See {Infringe}.]
To break; to infringe. [R.] --Thomson.
Infractible \In*fract"i*ble\, a.
Capable of being broken.[R.]
Infraction \In*frac"tion\, n. [L. infractio: cf. F. infraction.]
The act of infracting or breaking; breach; violation;
nonobservance; infringement; as, an infraction of a treaty,
compact, rule, or law. --I. Watts.
Infractor \In*fract"or\, n. [Cf. F. infracteur.]
One who infracts or infringes; a violator; a breaker.
Infragrant \In*fra"grant\, a.
Not fragrant.
Infrahyoid \In`fra*hy"oid\, a. [Infra + hyoid.] (Anat.)
Same as {Hyosternal}
(a) .
Infralabial \In`fra*la"bi*al\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Below the lower lip; -- said of certain scales of reptiles
and fishes.
Infralapsarian \In`fra*lap*sa"ri*an\, n. [Infra + lapse: cf. F.
infralapsaire. See {Lapse}.] (Eccl. Hist.)
One of that class of Calvinists who consider the decree of
election as contemplating the apostasy as past and the elect
as being at the time of election in a fallen and guilty
state; -- opposed to {Supralapsarian}. The former considered
the election of grace as a remedy for an existing evil; the
latter regarded the fall as a part of God's original purpose
in regard to men.
Infralapsarian \In`fra*lap*sa"ri*an\, a. (Theol.)
Of or pertaining to the Infralapsarians, or to their
doctrine.
Infralapsarianism \In`fra*lap*sa"ri*an*ism\, n. (Theor.)
The doctrine, belief, or principles of the Infralapsarians.
Inframarginal \In`fra*mar"gin*al\, a. [Infra + marginal.]
Below the margin; submarginal; as, an inframarginal
convolution of the brain.
Inframaxillary \In`fra*max"il*la*ry\, a. [Infra + maxillary.]
(Anat.)
(a) Under the lower jaw; submaxillary; as, the inframaxillary
nerve.
(b) Of or pertaining to the lower iaw.
Inframedian \In`fra*me"di*an\, a. [Infra + median.]
(Zo["o]logical Geog.)
Of or pertaining to the interval or zone along the sea
bottom, at the depth of between fifty and one hundred
fathoms. --E. Forbes.
Inframundane \In`fra*mun"dane\, a. [Infra + mundane.]
Lying or situated beneath the world.
Infranchise \In*fran"chise\, v. t.
See {Enfranchise}.
Infrangibility \In*fran`gi*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being infrangible; infrangibleness.
Infrangible \In*fran"gi*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + grangible:
cf.F. infrangible.]
1. Not capable of being broken or separated into parts; as,
infrangible atoms.
[He] link'd their fetlocks with a golden band
Infrangible. --Pope.
2. Not to be infringed or violated.
Infrangibleness \In*fran"gi*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being infrangible; infrangibility.
Infraocular \In`fra*oc"u*lar\, a. [Infra + ocular.] (Zo["o]l.)
Situated below the eyes, as the antenna of certain insects.
Infraorbital \In`fra*or"bit*al\, a. [Infra + orbital.] (Anat.)
Below the orbit; as, the infraorbital foramen; the
infraorbital nerve.
Infrapose \In`fra*pose"\, v. t. [Infra + pose.]
To place under or beneath. [R.]
Infraposition \In`fra*po*si"tion\, n. [Infra + position.]
A situation or position beneath. --Kane.
Infrascapular \In`fra*scap"u*lar\, a. [Infra + scapular.]
(Anat.)
Beneath the scapula, or shoulder blade; subscapular.
Infraspinal \In`fra*spi"nal\, a. [Infra + spinal.] (Anat.)
(a) Below the vertebral column, subvertebral.
(b) Below the spine; infraspinate; infraspinous.
Infraspinate \In`fra*spi"nate\, Infraspinous \In`fra*spi*nous\,
a. [Infra + spinate, spinous.] (Anat.)
Below the spine; infraspinal; esp., below the spine of the
scapula; as, the infraspinous fossa; the infraspinate muscle.
Infrastapedial \In`fra*sta*pe"di*al\, a. [Infra + stapedial.]
(Anat.)
Of or pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, which
in many animals projects below the connection with the
stapes. -- n. The infrastapedial part of the columella.
Infrasternal \In`fra*ster"nal\, a. [Infra + sternal.] (Anat.)
Below the sternum; as, the infrasternal depression, or pit of
the stomach.
Infratemporal \In`fra*tem"po*ral\, a. [Infra + temporal.]
(Anat.)
Below the temple; below the temporal bone.
Infraterritorial \In`fra*ter"ri*to"ri*al\, a. [Infra +
territorial.]
Within the territory of a state. --Story.
Infratrochlear \In`fra*troch"le*ar\, a. [Infra + trochlear.]
(Anat.)
Below a trochlea, or pulley; -- applied esp. to one of the
subdivisions of the trigeminal nerve.
Infrequence \In*fre"quence\, Infrequency \In*fre"quen*cy\, n.
[L. infrequentia scantiness : cf. F. infrequence.]
1. The state of rarely occuring; uncommonness; rareness; as,
the infrquence of his visits.
2. The state of not being frequented; solitude; isolation;
retirement; seclusion. [R.]
The solitude and infrequency of the place. --Bp.
Hall.
Infrequent \In*fre"quent\, a. [L. infrquens : cf.F. infrequent.
See {In-} not, and {Frequent}.]
Seldom happening or occurring; rare; uncommon; unusual.
The act whereof is at this day infrequent or out of use
among all sorts of men. --Sir T.
Elyot.
Infrequently \In*fre"quent*ly\, adv.
Not frequently; rarely.
Infrigidate \In*frig"i*date\, v. t. [L. infrigidatus, p. p. of
infrigidare to chill. See 1st {In-}, and {Frigid}.]
To chill; to make cold; to cool. [Obs.] --Boyle.
Infrigidation \In*frig`i*da"tion\, n. [L. infrigidatio.]
The act of chilling or causing to become cold; a chilling;
coldness; congelation. [Obs.] --Boyle.
Infringe \In*fringe"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Infringed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Infringing}.] [L. infringere; pref. in- in + frangere
to break. See {Fraction}, and cf. {Infract} .]
1. To break; to violate; to transgress; to neglect to fulfill
or obey; as, to infringe a law or contract.
If the first that did the edict infringe, Had
answered for his deed. --Shak.
The peace . . . was infringed by Appius Claudius.
--Golding.
2. To hinder; to destroy; as, to infringe efficacy; to
infringe delight or power. [Obs.] --Hooker.
Infringe \In*fringe"\, v. i.
1. To break, violate, or transgress some contract, rule, or
law; to injure; to offend.
2. To encroach; to trespass; -- followed by on or upon; as,
to infringe upon the rights of another.
Infringement \In*fringe"ment\, n.
1. The act of infringing; breach; violation; nonfulfillment;
as, the infringement of a treaty, compact, law, or
constitution.
The punishing of this infringement is proper to that
jurisdiction against which the contempt is.
--Clarendon.
2. An encroachment on a patent, copyright, or other special
privilege; a trespass.
Infringer \In*frin"ger\, n.
One who infringes or violates; a violator. --Strype.
Infructuose \In*fruc"tu*ose"\, a. [L. infructuosus. See {In-}
not, and {Fruit}.]
Not producing fruit; unfruitful; unprofitable. [R.] --T.
Adams.
Infrugal \In*fru"gal\, a.
Not frugal; wasteful; as, an infrugal expense of time. --J.
Goodman.
Infrugiferous \In`fru*gif"er*ous\, a.
Not bearing fruit; not fructiferous.
Infucate \In`fu*cate\, v. t. [L. infucatus painted; pref. in- in
+ fucare to paint, dye. See {Fucate}.]
To stain; to paint; to daub.
Infucation \In`fu*ca"tion\, n.
The act of painting or staining, especially of painting the
face.
Infula \In"fu*la\, n.; pl. {Infule}. [L.]
A sort of fillet worn by dignitaries, priests, and others
among the ancient Romans. It was generally white.
Infumate \In"fu*mate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Infumated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Infumating}.] [L. infumatus, p. p. of infumare to
infumate; pref. in- in + fumare to smoke, fr. fumus smoke.]
To dry by exposing to smoke; to expose to smoke.
Infumated \In"fu*ma`ted\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Clouded; having a cloudy appearance.
Infumation \In`fu*ma"tion\, n.
Act of drying in smoke.
Infumed \In*fumed"\, a.
Dried in smoke; smoked.
Infundibular \In`fun*dib"u*lar\, Infundibulate
\In`fun*dib"u*late\, a. [See {Infundibulum}.]
Having the form of a funnel; pertaining to an infundibulum.
{Infundibulate Bryozoa} (Zo["o]l.),a group of marine Bryozoa
having a circular arrangement of the tentacles upon the
disk.
Infundibuliform \In`fun*dib"u*li*form\, a. [L. infundibulum
funnel + -form: cf. F. infundibuliforme.]
1. Having the form of a funnel or cone; funnel-shaped.
2. (Bot.) Same as {Funnelform}.
Infundibulum \In`fun*dib"u*lum\, n.; pl. L. {Infundibula}, E.
{Infundibulums}. [L., a funnel, from infundere to pour in or
into. See {Infuse}.]
1. (Anat.) A funnel-shaped or dilated organ or part; as, the
infundibulum of the brain, a hollow, conical process,
connecting the floor of the third ventricle with the
pituitary body; the infundibula of the lungs, the enlarged
terminations of the bronchial tubes.
2. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) A central cavity in the Ctenophora, into which the
gastric sac leads.
(b) The siphon of Cephalopoda. See {Cephalopoda}.
Infuneral \In*fu"ner*al\, v. t.
To inter with funeral rites; to bury. [Obs.] --G. Fletcher.
Infurcation \In`fur*ca"tion\, n. [Pref. in- in + L. furca fork.]
A forked exlpansion or divergence; a bifurcation; a
branching. --Craig.
Infuriate \In*fu"ri*ate\, a. [It. infuriato, p. p. of infuriare.
See {Infuriate}, v. t.]
Enraged; rading; furiously angry; infuriated. --Milton.
Inflamed beyond the most infuriate wrath. --Thomson.
Infuriate \In*fu"ri*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Infuriated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Infuriating}] [It. infuriato, p. p. of
infuriare; pref. in- (L. in) + furia fury, L. furia. See
{Fury}.]
To render furious; to enrage; to exasperate.
Those curls of entangled snakes with which Erinys is
said to have infuriated Athemas and Ino. --Dr. H. More.
Infuriated \In*fu"ri*a`ted\, a.
Enraged; furious.
Infuscate \In*fus"cate\, v. t. [L. infuscatus, p. p. of
infuscare; pref. in- in + fuscare to make dark, fr. fuscus
dark.]
To darken; to make black; to obscure.
Infuscated \In*fus"ca*ted\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Darkened with a blackish tinge.
Infuscation \In`fus*ca"tion\, n.
The act of darkening, or state of being dark; darkness;
obscurity. --Johnson.
Infuse \In*fuse"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Infused}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Infusing}.] [L. infusus, p. p. of infundere to pour in or
into; pref. in- in + fundere to pour: cf. F. infuser. See
{Found} to cast.]
1. To pour in, as a liquid; to pour (into or upon); to shed.
That strong Circean liquor cease to infuse.
--Denham.
2. To instill, as principles or qualities; to introduce.
That souls of animals infuse themselves Into the
trunks of men. --Shak.
Why should he desire to have qualities infused into
his son which himself never possessd? --Swift.
3. To inspire; to inspirit or animate; to fill; -- followed
by with.
Infuse his breast with magnanimity. --Shak.
Infusing him with self and vain conceit. --Shak.
4. To steep in water or other fluid without boiling, for the
propose of extracting medicinal qualities; to soak.
One scruple of dried leaves is infused in ten ounces
of warm water. --Coxe.
5. To make an infusion with, as an ingredient; to tincture;
to saturate. [R.] --Bacon.
Infuse \In*fuse\, n.
Infusion. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Infuser \In*fus"er\, n.
One who, or that which, infuses.
Infusibility \In*fu`si*bil"i*ty\, n. [From {Infuse}.]
Capability of being infused, pouredin, or instilled.
Infusibility \In*fu`si*bil"i*ty\, n. [Pref. in- not +
fusibility: cf. F. infusibilit['e].]
Incapability or difficulty of being fused, melted, or
dissolved; as, the infusibility of carbon.
Infusible \In*fu"si*ble\, a. [From {Infuse}, v.]
Capable of being infused.
Doctrines being infusible into all. --Hammond.
Infusible \In*fu"si*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + fusible: cf. F.
infusible.]
Not fusible; incapble or difficalt of fusion, or of being
dissolved or melted. --Sir T. Browne.
The best crucibles are made of Limoges earth, which
seems absolutely infusible. --Lavoisier
(Trans. ).
Infusibleness \In*fu"si*ble*ness\, n.
Infusibility.
Infusion \In*fu"sion\, n. [L. infusio a pouring in: cf. F.
infusion. See {Infuse}, v. t.]
1. The act of infusing, pouring in, or instilling;
instillation; as, the infusion of good principles into the
mind; the infusion of ardor or zeal.
Our language has received innumerable elegancies and
improvements from that infusion of Hebraisms.
--Addison.
2. That which is infused; suggestion; inspiration.
His folly and his wisdom are of his oun growth, not
the echo or infusion of other men. --Swift.
3. The act of plunging or dipping into a fluid; immersion.
[Obs.] ``Baptism by infusion.'' --Jortin.
4. (Pharmacy)
(a) The act or process of steeping or soaking any
substance in water in order to extract its virtues.
(b) The liquid extract obtained by this process.
Sips meek infusion of a milder herb. --Cowper.
Infusionism \In*fu"sion*ism\, n.
The doctrine that the soul is preexistent to the body, and is
infused into it at conception or birth; -- opposed to
{tradicianism} and {creationism}.
Infusive \In*fu"sive\, a.
Having the power of infusion; inspiring; influencing.
The infusive force of Spirit on man. --Thomson.
Infusoria \In`fu*so"ri*a\, n. pl. [NL.; -- so called because
found in infusions which are left exposed to the air for a
time. See {Infuse}.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the classes of Protozoa, including a large number of
species, all of minute size.
Note: They are found in all seas, lakes, ponds, and streams,
as well as in infusions of organic matter exposed to
the air. They are distinguished by having vibrating
lashes or cilia, with which they obtain their food and
swim about.They are devided into the orders Flagellata,
Ciliata, and Tentaculifera. See these words in the
Vocabulary. Formely the term Infusoria was applied to
all microscopic organisms found in water, including
many minute plants, belonging to the diatoms, as well
as minute animals belonging to various classes, as the
Rotifera, which are worms; and the Rhizopoda, which
constitute a distinct class of Protozoa. Fossil
Infusoria are mostly the siliceous shells of diatoms;
sometimes they are siliceous skeletons of Radiolaria,
or the calcareous shells of Foraminifera.
Infusorial \In`fu*so"ri*al\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Belonging to the Infusoria; composed of, or containing,
Infusoria; as, infusorial earth.
{Infusorial earth} (Geol.), a deposit of fine, usually white,
siliceous material, composed mainly of the shells of the
microscopic plants called diatoms. It is used in polishing
powder, and in the manufacture of dynamite.
Infusorian \In`fu*so"ri*an\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
One of the Infusoria.
Infusory \In*fu"so*ry\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Infusorial.
Infusory \In*fu"so*ry\, n.; pl. {Infusories}. (Zo["o]l.)
One of the Infusoria; -- usually in the pl.
-ing \-ing\
1. [For OE. -and, -end, -ind, AS. -ende; akin to Goth. -and-,
L. -ant-, -ent-, Gr. ?.] A suffix used to from present
participles; as, singing, playing.
2. [OE. -ing, AS. -ing, -ung.] A suffix used to form nouns
from verbs, and signifying the act of; the result of the
act; as, riding, dying, feeling. It has also a secondary
collective force; as, shipping, clothing.
Note: The Old English ending of the present participle and
verbal noun became confused, both becoming -ing.
3. [AS. -ing.] A suffix formerly used to form diminutives;
as, lording, farthing.
Ing \Ing\, n. [AS. ing.]
A pasture or meadow; generally one lying low, near a river.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Ingannation \In`gan*na"tion\, n. [LL. ingannare to decieve.]
Cheat; deception. [Obs.] --Sir T. Brown.
Ingate \In"gate`\, n.
1. Entrance; ingress. [Obs.]
Which hath in charge the ingate of the year.
--Spenser.
2. (Fonding) The aperture in a mold for pouring in the metal;
the gate. --Simmonds.
Ingathering \In"gath`er*ing\, n.
The act or business of gathering or collecting anything;
especially, the gathering of the fruits of the earth;
harvest.
Thou shalt keep . . . the feast of ingathering. --Ex.
xxii. 16.
Ingelable \In*gel"a*ble\, a.
Not congealable.
Ingeminate \In*gem"i*nate\, a. [L. ingeminatus, p. p.]
Redoubled; repeated. --Jer. Taylor.
Ingeminate \In*gem"i*nate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Ingeminated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Ingeminating}.] [L. ingeminatus, p. p. of
ingeminare to double; pref. in- in + geminare. See
{Geminate}.]
To redouble or repeat; to reiterate. --Clarendon.
. . . She yet ingeminates The last of sounds, and what
she hears relates. --Sandys.
Ingemination \In*gem`i*na"tion\, n.
Repetition; reduplication; reiteration. --De Quincey.
That Sacred ingemination, Amen, Amen. --Featley.
Happiness with an echo or ingemination. --Holdsworth.
Ingena \In*ge"na\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The gorilla.
Ingender \In*gen"der\, v. t.
See {Engender}.
Ingenerabillty \In*gen`er*a*bil"l*ty\, n.
Incapacity of being engendered or produced. --Cudworth.
Ingenerable \In*gen"er*a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + generable:
cf. F. ingenerable.]
Incapble of being engendered or produced; original.
--Holland.
Ingenerably \In*gen"er*a*bly\, adv.
In an ingenerable manner.
Ingenerate \In*gen"er*ate\, a. [L. ingeneratus, p. p. of
ingenerare. See engender]
Generated within; inborn; innate; as, ingenerate powers of
body. --W. Wotton.
Those virtues were rather feigned and affected . . .
than true qualities ingenerate in his judgment.
--Bacon.
Ingenerate \In*gen"er*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Ingenerat}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Ingenerating}.]
To generate or produce within; to begete; to engener; to
occasion; to cause. --Mede.
Those noble habits are ingenerated in the soul. --Sir
M. Hale.
Ingeneration \In*gen`er*a"tion\, n.
Act of ingenerating.
Ingeniate \In*ge"ni*ate\, v. t. & i. [See {Ingenious}.]
To invent; to contrive. [Obs.] --Daniel.
Ingenie \In"ge*nie\, n. [Obs.]
See {Ingeny}.
Ingeniosity \In*ge`ni*os"i*ty\, n. [LL. ingeniositas.]
Ingenuity; skill; cunning. [Obs.] --Cudworth.
Ingenious \In*gen"ious\, a. [L. ingeniosus, fr. ingenium innate
or natural quality, natural capacity, genius: cf. F.
ing['e]nieux. See {Engine}.]
1. Possessed of genius, or the faculty of invention; skillful
or promp to invent; having an aptitude to contrive, or to
form new combinations; as, an ingenious author, mechanic.
A man . . . very wise and ingenious in feats of war.
--Hakluyt.
Thou, king, send out For torturers ingenious.
--Shak.
The more ingenious men are, the more apt are they to
trouble themselves. --Sir W.
Temple.
2. Proseeding from, pertaining to, or characterized by,
genius or ingenuity; of curious design, structure, or
mechanism; as, an ingenious model, or machine; an
ingenious scheme, contrivance, etc.
Thus men go wrong with an ingenious skill. --Cowper.
3. Witty; shrewd; adroit; keen; sagacious; as, an ingenious
reply.
4. Mental; intellectual. [Obs.]
A course of learning and ingenious studies. --Shak.
Ingeniously \In*gen"ious*ly\, adv.
In an ingenious manner; with ingenuity; skillfully; wittily;
cleverly.
``Too ingeniously politic.'' --Sir W.
Temple.
Ingeniousness \In*gen"ious*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being ingenious; ingenuity.
Ingenite \In*gen"ite\, Ingenit \In*gen"it\, a. [L. ingenitus, p.
p. of ingignere to instill by birth or nature; pref. in- +
gignere to beget.]
Innate; inborn; inbred; inherent; native; ingenerate. [Obs.]
It is natural or ingenite, which comes by some defect
of the organs and overmuch brain. --Burton.
Ingenuity \In`ge*nu"i*ty\, n. [L. ingenuitas ingenuousness: cf.
F. ing['e]nuit['e]. See {Ingenuous}.]
1. The quality or power of ready invention; quickness or
acuteness in forming new combinations; ingeniousness;
skill in devising or combining.
All the means which human ingenuity has contrived.
--Blair.
2. Curiousness, or cleverness in design or contrivance; as,
the ingenuity of a plan, or of mechanism.
He gives . . . To artist ingenuity and skill.
--Cowper.
3. Openness of heart; ingenuousness. [Obs.]
The stings and remorses of natural ingenuity, a
principle that men scarcely ever shake off, as long
as they carry anything of human nature about them.
--South.
Syn: Inventiveness; ingeniousness; skill; cunning;
cleverness; genius.
Usage: {Ingenuity}, {Cleverness}. Ingenuity is a form of
genius, and cleverness of talent. The former implies
invention, the letter a peculiar dexterity and
readiness of execution. Sir James Mackintosh remarks
that the English overdo in the use of the word clever
and cleverness, applying them loosely to almost every
form of intellectual ability.
Ingenuous \In*gen"u*ous\, a. [L. ingenuus inborn, innate,
freeborn, noble, frank; pref. in- in + the root of gignere to
beget. See {Genius}, and cf. {Ingenious}.]
1. Of honorable extraction; freeborn; noble; as, ingenuous
blood of birth.
2. Noble; generous; magnanimous; honorable; upright;
high-minded; as, an ingenuous ardor or zeal.
If an ingenuous detestation of falsehood be but
carefully and early instilled, that is the true and
genuine method to obviate dishonesty. --Locke.
3. Free from reserve, disguise, equivocation, or
dissimulation; open; frank; as, an ingenuous man; an
ingenuous declaration, confession, etc.
Sensible in myself . . . what a burden it is for me,
who would be ingenuous, to be loaded with courtesies
which he hath not the least hope to requite or
deserve. --Fuller.
4. Ingenious. [Obs.] --Shak.
Note: (Formerly) printers did not discriminate between . . .
ingenuous and ingenious, and these words were used or
rather printed interchangeably almost to the beginning
of the eighteenth century. --G. P. Marsh.
Syn: Open; frank; unreserved; artless; plain; sincere;
candid; fair; noble; generous.
Usage: {Ingenuous}, {Open}, {Frank}. One who is open speaks
out at once what is uppermost in his mind; one who is
frank does it from a natural boldness, or dislike of
self-restraint; one who is ingenuous is actuated by a
native simplicity and artlessness, which make him
willing to confess faults, and make known his
sentiments without reserve. See {Candid}.
Ingenuously \In*gen"u*ous*ly\, adv.
In an ingenuous manner; openly; fairly; candidly; artlessly.
Being required to explain himself, he ingenuously
confessed. --Ludlow.
Ingenuousness \In*gen"u*ous*ness\, n.
1. The state or quality of being ingenuous; openness of
heart; frankness.
2. Ingenuity. [Obs.] --Fuller.
Ingeny \In"ge*ny\, n. [L. ingenium. See {Ingenious}.]
Natural gift or talent; ability; wit; ingenuity. [Obs.]
[Written also {ingenie}.] --Becon.
Ingerminate \In*ger"mi*nate\, v. t.
To cause to germinate.
Ingest \In*gest"\, v. t. [L. ingenium, p. p. of ingerere to put
in; pref. in- in + gerere to bear.]
To take into, or as into, the stomach or alimentary canal.
--Sir T. Browne.
Ingesta \In*ges"ta\, n. pl. [NL. See {Ingest}.] (Physiol.)
That which is introduced into the body by the stomach or
alimentary canal; -- opposed to {egesta}.
Ingestion \In*ges"tion\, n. [L. ingestio: cf. F. ingestion.]
(Physiol.)
The act of taking or putting into the stomach; as, the
ingestion of milk or other food.
Inghalla \In*ghal"la\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
The reedbuck of South Africa. [Written also {ingali}.]
Ingirt \In*girt"\, v. t. [See {Ingirt}.]
To encircle to gird; to engirt.
The wreath is ivy that ingirts our beams. --Drayton.
Ingirt \In*girt"\, a.
Surrounded; encircled. --Fenton.
Ingle \In"gle\, n. [Gael. & Ir. aingeali fire; cf. L. igniculusi
spark, dim. of ignis fire. Cf. {Ignite}.]
Flame; blaze; a fire; a fireplace. [Obs. or Scot.] --Burns.
{Ingle nock}, the chimney corner.
{Ingle side}, Ingle cheek, the fireside.
Ingle \In"gle\, n. [Written also engle, enghle: cf. Gael. & Ir.
aingeal an angel. Cf. {Engle}.]
A paramour; a favourite; a sweetheart; an engle. [Obs.]
--Toone.
Ingle \In"gle\, v. t.
To cajole or coax; to wheedle. See {Engle}. [Obs.]
Inglobate \In*glo"bate\, a.
In the form of a globe or sphere; -- applied to nebulous
matter collected into a sphere by the force of gravitation.
Inglobe \In*globe"\, v. t.
To infix, as in a globe; to fix or secure firmly. [Obs.]
--Milton.
Inglorious \In*glo"ri*ous\, a. [L. inglorious; pref. in- not +
gloria glory, fame: cf. F. inglorieux. See {Glory}.]
1. Not glorious; not bringing honor or glory; not accompanied
with fame, honor, or celebrity; obscure; humble; as, an
inglorious life of ease. --Shak.
My next desire is, void of care and strife, To lead
a soft, secure, inglorious life. --Dryden.
Some mute inglorious Milton here may rest. --Gray.
2. Shameful; disgraceful; ignominious; as, inglorious flight,
defeat, etc.
Inglorious shelter in an alien land. --J. Philips.
Ingloriously \In*glo"ri*ous*ly\, adv.
In an inglorious manner; dishonorably; with shame;
ignominiously; obscurely.
Ingloriousness \In*glo"ri*ous*ness\, n.
The state of being inglorious.
Inglut \In*glut"\, v. t.
To glut. [R.] --Ascham.
Ingluvial \In*glu"vi*al\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of or pertaining to the indulges or crop of birds.
Ingluvies \In*glu"vi*es\, n. [L.] (Anat.)
The crop, or craw, of birds.
Ingluvious \In*glu"vi*ous\, a.
Gluttonous. [Obs.] --Blount.
In-going \In"-go`ing\, n.
The act of going in; entrance.
In-going \In"-go`ing\, a.
Going; entering, as upon an office or a possession; as, an
in-going tenant.
Ingorge \In*gorge"\, v. t. & i.
See {Engorge}. --Milton.
Ingot \In"got\, n. [Prob. from AS. in in + ge['o]tan to pour:
cf. F. linglot, LL. lingotus a mass of gold or silver,
extended in the manner of a tongue, and G. einguss, LG. & OE.
ingot ingot, a mold for casting metals in. See {Found} to
cast, and cf. {Linget}, {Lingot}, {Nugget}.]
1. That in which metal is cast; a mold. [Obs.]
And from the fire he took up his matter And in the
ingot put it with merry cheer. --Chaucer.
2. A bar or wedge of steel, gold, or other malleable metal,
cast in a mold; a mass of unwrought cast metal.
Wrought ingots from Besoara's mine. --Sir W.
Jones.
{Ingot mold}, a box or mold in which ingots are cast.
{Ingot iron}. See {Decarbonized steel}, under {Decarbonize}.
Ingrace \In*grace"\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + grace.]
To ingratiate. [Obs.] --G. Fletcher.
Ingracious \In*gra"cious\, a. [Pref. in- not + gracious.]
Ungracious; unkind. [Obs.] --Holland.
Ingraff \In*graff"\, v. t.
See {Ingraft}. [Obs.]
Ingraft \In*graft"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Ingrafted}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Ingrafting}.] [Written also engraft.]
1. To insert, as a scion of one tree, shrub, or plant in
another for propagation; as, to ingraft a peach scion on a
plum tree; figuratively, to insert or introduce in such a
way as to make a part of something.
This fellow would ingraft a foreign name Upon our
stock. --Dryden.
A custom . . . ingrafted into the monarchy of Rome.
--Burke.
2. To subject to the process of grafting; to furnish with
grafts or scions; to graft; as, to ingraft a tree.
Ingrafter \In*graft"er\, n.
A person who ingrafts.
Ingraftment \In*graft"ment\, n.
1. The act of ingrafting.
2. The thing ingrafted; a scion.
Ingrain \In"grain`\ (?; 277), a. [Pref. in- in + grain kermes.
See {Engrain}, {Grain}.]
1. Dyed with grain, or kermes. [Obs.]
2. Dyed before manufacture, -- said of the material of a
textile fabric; hence, in general, thoroughly inwrought;
forming an essential part of the substance.
{Ingrain carpet}, a double or two-ply carpet.
{Triple ingrain carpet}, a three-ply carpet.
Ingrain \In"grain`\, n.
An ingrain fabric, as a carpet.
Ingrain \In"grain`\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Ingrained}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Ingraining}.] [Written also engrain.]
1. To dye with or in grain or kermes.
2. To dye in the grain, or before manufacture.
3. To work into the natural texture or into the mental or
moral constitution of; to stain; to saturate; to imbue; to
infix deeply.
Our fields ingrained with blood. --Daniel.
Cruelty and jealousy seem to be ingrained in a man
who has these vices at all. --Helps.
Ingrapple \In*grap"ple\, v. t. & i.
To seize; to clutch; to grapple. [Obs.] --Drayton.
Ingrate \In"grate`\ (?; 277), a. [L. ingratus. See
{Ingrateful}.]
Ingrateful. [Obs. or Poetic] --Bacon.
Ingrate \In"grate`\, n.
An ungrateful person. --Milton.
Ingrateful \In"grate`ful\, a. [L. ingratus ingrateful (pref. in-
not + gratus beloved, dear, grateful) + -ful: cf. F. ingrat.
See {Grateful}.]
1. Ungrateful; thankless; unappreciative. --Milton.
He proved extremely false and ingrateful to me.
--Atterbury.
2. Unpleasing to the sense; distasteful; offensive.
He gives . . . no ingrateful food. --Milton.
-- {In"grate`ful*ly}, adv. -- {In"grate`ful*ness}, n.
Ingrately \In"grate`ly\, adv.
Ungratefully. [Obs.]
Ingratiate \In*gra"ti*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Ingratiated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Ingratiating}.] [Pref. in- in + L. gratia.
See {Grace}.]
1. To introduce or commend to the favor of another; to bring
into favor; to insinuate; -- used reflexively, and
followed by with before the person whose favor is sought.
Lysimachus . . . ingratiated himself both with
Philip and his pupil. --Budgell.
2. To recommend; to render easy or agreeable; -- followed by
to. [Obs.] --Dr. J. Scott.
What difficulty would it [the love of Christ] not
ingratiate to us? --Hammond.
Ingratiate \In*gra"ti*ate\, v. i.
To gain favor. [R.] --Sir W. Temple.
Ingratitude \In*grat"i*tude\, n. [F. ingratitude, L.
ingratitudo. See {Ingrate}.]
Want of gratitude; insensibility to, forgetfulness of, or ill
return for, kindness or favors received; unthankfulness;
ungratefulness.
Ingratitude, thou marble-hearted fiend. --Shak.
Ingratitude is abhorred both by God and man.
--L'Estrange.
Ingrave \In*grave"\, v. t.
To engrave. [R.] ``Whose gleaming rind ingrav'n.''
--Tennyson.
Ingrave \In*grave"\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + grave. Cf.
{Engrave}.]
To bury. [Obs.] --Heywood.
Ingravidate \In*grav"i*date\, v. t. [L. ingravidatus, p. p. of
ingravidare to impregnate. See 1st {In-}, and {Gravidated}.]
To impregnate. [Obs.] --Fuller.
Ingravidation \In*grav`i*da"tion\, n.
The state of being pregnant or impregnated. [Obs.]
Ingreat \In*great"\, v. t.
To make great; to enlarge; to magnify. [Obs.] --Fotherby.
Ingredience \In*gre"di*ence\, Ingrediency \In*gre"di*en*cy\, n.
[See {Ingredient}.]
1. Entrance; ingress. [Obs.] --Sir M. Hale.
2. The quality or state of being an ingredient or component
part. --Boyle.
Ingredient \In*gre"di*ent\, n. [F. ingr['e]dient, L. ingrediens,
-entis, entering into, p. pr. of ingredi, p. p. ingressus, to
go into, to enter; pref. in- in + gradi to walk, go. See
{Grade}.]
That which enters into a compound, or is a component part of
any combination or mixture; an element; a constituent.
By way of analysis we may proceed from compounds to
ingredients. --Sir I.
Newton.
Water is the chief ingredient in all the animal fluids
and solids. --Arbuthnot.
Ingredient \In*gre"di*ent\, a.
Entering as, or forming, an ingredient or component part.
Acts where no sin is ingredient. --Jer. Taylor.
Ingress \In"gress\, n. [L. ingressus, fr. ingredi. See
{Ingredient}.]
1. The act of entering; entrance; as, the ingress of air into
the lungs.
2. Power or liberty of entrance or access; means of entering;
as, all ingress was prohibited.
3. (Astron.) The entrance of the moon into the shadow of the
earth in eclipses, the sun's entrance into a sign, etc.
Ingress \In"gress\, v. i.
To go in; to enter. [R.]
Ingression \In*gres"sion\, n. [L. ingressio: cf. F. ingression.]
Act of entering; entrance. --Sir K. Digby.
Ingrieve \In*grieve\, v. t.
To render more grievous; to aggravate. [Obs.] --Sir P.
Sidney.
Ingroove \In*groove"\, v. t.
To groove in; to join in or with a groove. --Tennyson.
Ingross \In*gross"\, v. t.
See {Engross}.
Ingrowing \In"grow`ing\, a.
Growing or appearing to grow into some other substance.
{Ingrowing nail}, one whose edges are becoming imbedded in
the adjacent flesh.
Ingrowth \In"growth`\, n.
A growth or development inward. --J. LeConte.
Inguen \In"guen\, n. [L. inguen, inguinis.] (Anat.)
The groin.
Inguilty \In*guilt"y\, a.
Not guilty. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Inguinal \In"gui*nal\, a. [L. inguinalis, fr. inguen, inguinis,
the groin: cf. F. inguinal.] (Astron. & Med.)
Of or pertaining to, or in the region of, the inguen or
groin; as, an inguinal canal or ligament; inguinal hernia.
{Inguinal ring}. See {Abdominal ring}, under {Abdominal}.
Ingulf \In*gulf"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Ingulfed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Ingulfing}.] [Cf. {Engulf}.] [Written also {engulf}.]
To swallow up or overwhelm in, or as in, a gulf; to cast into
a gulf. See {Engulf}.
A river large . . . Passed underneath ingulfed.
--Milton.
Ingulfment \In*gulf"ment\, n.
The act of ingulfing, or the state of being ingulfed.
Ingurgitate \In*gur"gi*tate\, v. t. [L. ingurgitatus, p. p. of
ingurgitare to pour in; pref. in- in + gurges whirlpool,
gulf.]
1. To swallow, devour, or drink greedily or in large
quantity; to guzzle. --Cleveland.
2. To swallow up, as in a gulf. --Fotherby.
Ingurgitate \In*gur"gi*tate\, v. i.
To guzzle; to swill. --Burton.
Ingurgitation \In*gur`gi*ta"tion\, n. [L. ingurgitatio: cf. F.
ingurgitation.]
The act of swallowing greedily or immoderately; that which is
so swallowed. --E. Darwin.
He drowned his stomach and senses with a large draught
and ingurgitation of wine. --Bacon.
Ingustable \In*gust"a*ble\, a. [L. ingustabilis. See
{Gustable}.]
Tasteless; insipid. --Sir T. Browne.
Inhabile \In*hab"ile\, a. [L. inhabilis: cf. F. inhabile. See
{In-} not, and {Habile}, and cf. {Unable}.]
1. Not apt or fit; unfit; not convenient; inappropriate;
unsuitable; as, inhabile matter. [Obs.]
2. Unskilled; unready; awkward; incompetent; unqualified; --
said of person. [Obs.] See {Unable}.
Inhability \In`ha*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. inhabilet['e],
inhabilit['e]. See {Inability}.]
Unsuitableness; unaptness; unfitness; inability. [Obs.]
--Barrow.
Inhabit \In*hab"it\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inhabited}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inhabiting}.] [OE. enhabiten, OF. enhabiter, L.
inhabitare; pref. in- in + habitare to dwell. See {Habit}.]
To live or dwell in; to occupy, as a place of settled
residence; as, wild beasts inhabit the forest; men inhabit
cities and houses.
The high and lofty One, that inhabiteth eternity. --Is.
lvii. 15.
O, who would inhabit This bleak world alone? --Moore.
Inhabit \In*hab"it\, v. i.
To have residence in a place; to dwell; to live; to abide.
[Archaic or Poetic] --Shak.
They say wild beasts inhabit here. --Waller.
Inhabitable \In*hab"it*a*ble\, a. [L. inhabitabilis. See
{Inhabit}.]
Capable of being inhabited; habitable.
Systems of inhabitable planets. --Locke.
Inhabitable \In*hab"it*a*ble\, a. [L. inhabitabilis: cf. F.
inhabitable. See {In-} not, and {Habitable}.]
Not habitable; not suitable to be inhabited. [Obs.]
The frozen ridges of the Alps Or other ground
inhabitable. --Shak.
Inhabitance \In*hab"it*ance\, Inhabitancy \In*hab"it*an*cy\, n.
1. The act of inhabiting, or the state of being inhabited;
the condition of an inhabitant; residence; occupancy.
Ruins yet resting in the wild moors testify a former
inhabitance. --Carew.
2. (Law) The state of having legal right to claim the
privileges of a recognized inhabitant; especially, the
right to support in case of poverty, acquired by residence
in a town; habitancy.
Inhabitant \In*hab"it*ant\, n. [L. inhabitans, -antis, p. pr. of
inhabitare.]
1. One who dwells or resides permanently in a place, as
distinguished from a transient lodger or visitor; as, an
inhabitant of a house, a town, a city, county, or state.
``Frail inhabitants of earth.'' --Cowper.
In this place, they report that they saw inhabitants
which were very fair and fat people. --Abp. Abbot.
2. (Law) One who has a legal settlement in a town, city, or
parish; a permanent resident.
Inhabitate \In*hab"i*tate\, v. t.
To inhabit. [Obs.]
Inhabitation \In*hab`i*ta"tion\, n. [L. inhabitatio a dwelling.]
1. The act of inhabiting, or the state of being inhabited;
indwelling.
The inhabitation of the Holy Ghost. --Bp. Pearson.
2. Abode; place of dwelling; residence. [Obs.] --Milton.
3. Population; inhabitants. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
The beginning of nations and of the world's
inhabitation. --Sir W.
Raleigh.
Inhabitativeness \In*hab"it*a*tive*ness\, n. (Phrenol.)
A tendency or propensity to permanent residence in a place or
abode; love of home and country.
Inhabited \In*hab"it*ed\, a.
Uninhabited. [Obs.] --Brathwait.
Inhabiter \In*hab"it*er\, n.
An inhabitant. [R.] --Derham.
Inhabitiveness \In*hab"it*ive*ness\, n. (Phrenol.)
See {Inhabitativeness}.
What the phrenologists call inhabitiveness. --Lowell.
Inhabitress \In*hab"it*ress\, n.
A female inhabitant. [R.]
Inhalant \In*hal"ant\, a. [Cf. F. inhalant.]
Inhaling; used for inhaling.
Inhalant \In*hal"ant\, n.
An apparatus also called an inhaler (which see); that which
is to be inhaled.
Inhalation \In`ha*la"tion\, n. [Cf. F. inhalation.]
The act of inhaling; also, that which is inhaled.
Inhale \In*hale"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inhaled}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inhaling}.] [L. inhalare to breathe upon; pref. in- in +
halare to breathe: cf. F. inhaler. Cf. {Exhale}.]
To breathe or draw into the lungs; to inspire; as, to inhale
air; -- opposed to {exhale}.
Martin was walking forth to inhale the fresh breeze of
the evening. --Arbuthnot.
Inhalent \In*hal"ent\, a.
Used for inhaling; as, the inhalent end of a duct. --Dana.
Inhaler \In*hal"er\, n.
1. One who inhales.
2. An apparatus for inhaling any vapor or volatile substance,
as ether or chloroform, for medicinal purposes.
3. A contrivance to filter, as air, in order to protect the
lungs from inhaling damp or cold air, noxious gases, dust,
etc.; also, the respiratory apparatus for divers.
Inhance \In*hance"\, v. t.
See {Enhance}.
Inharmonic \In`har*mon"ic\, Inharmonical \In`har*mon"ic*al\, a.
Not harmonic; inharmonious; discordant; dissonant.
Inharmonious \In`har*mo"ni*ous\, a. [Pref. in- not + harmonious:
cf. F. inharmonieux.]
1. Not harmonious; unmusical; discordant; dissonant.
Sounds inharmonious in themselves and harsh.
--Cowper.
2. Conflicting; jarring; not in harmony.
Inharmoniously \In`har*mo"ni*ous*ly\, adv.
Without harmony.
Inharmoniousness \In`har*mo"ni*ous*ness\, n.
The quality of being inharmonious; want of harmony; discord.
The inharmoniousness of a verse. --A. Tucker.
Inharmony \In*har"mo*ny\, n.
Want of harmony.
Inhaul \In"haul`\, Inhauler \In"haul`er\, n. (Naut.)
A rope used to draw in the jib boom, or flying jib boom.
Inhearse \In*hearse"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inhearsed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inhearsing}.]
To put in, or as in, a hearse or coffin. --Shak.
Inhere \In*here"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Inhered}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inhering}.] [L. inhaerere; pref. in- in + haerere to
stick, hang. See {Hesitate}.]
To be inherent; to stick (in); to be fixed or permanently
incorporated with something; to cleave (to); to belong, as
attributes or qualities.
They do but inhere in the subject that supports them.
--Digby.
Inherence \In*her"ence\, Inherency \In*her"en*cy\, n. [Cf. F.
inh['e]rence.]
The state of inhering; permanent existence in something;
innateness; inseparable and essential connection. --Jer.
Taylor.
Inherent \In*her"ent\, a. [L. inhaerens, -entis, p. pr. of
inhaerere: cf. F. inh['e]rent. See {Inhere}.]
Permanently existing in something; inseparably attached or
connected; naturally pertaining to; innate; inalienable; as,
polarity is an inherent quality of the magnet; the inherent
right of men to life, liberty, and protection. ``A most
inherent baseness.'' --Shak.
The sore disease which seems inherent in civilization.
--Southey.
Syn: Innate; inborn; native; natural; inbred; inwrought;
inseparable; essential; indispensable.
Inherently \In*her"ent*ly\, adv.
By inherence; inseparably.
Matter hath inherently and essentially such an internal
energy. --Bentley.
Inherit \In*her"it\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inherited}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inheriting}.] [OE. enheriten to inherit, to give a
heritage to, OF. enheriter to appoint as an heir, L.
inhereditare; pref. in- in + hereditare to inherit, fr. heres
heir. See {Heir}.]
1. (Law) To take by descent from an ancestor; to take by
inheritance; to take as heir on the death of an ancestor
or other person to whose estate one succeeds; to receive
as a right or title descendible by law from an ancestor at
his decease; as, the heir inherits the land or real estate
of his father; the eldest son of a nobleman inherits his
father's title; the eldest son of a king inherits the
crown.
2. To receive or take by birth; to have by nature; to derive
or acquire from ancestors, as mental or physical
qualities; as, he inherits a strong constitution, a
tendency to disease, etc.
Prince Harry is valiant; for the cold blood he did
naturally inherit of his father he hath . . .
manured . . . with good store of fertile sherris.
--Shak.
3. To come into possession of; to possess; to own; to enjoy
as a possession.
But the meek shall inherit the earth. --Ps. xxxvii.
11.
To bury so much gold under a tree, And never after
to inherit it. --Shak.
4. To put in possession of. [R.] --Shak.
Inherit \In*her"it\, v. i.
To take or hold a possession, property, estate, or rights by
inheritance.
Thou shalt not inherit our father's house. --Judg. xi.
2.
Inheritability \In*her`it*a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being inheritable or descendible to heirs.
--Jefferson.
Inheritable \In*her"it*a*ble\, a.
1. Capable of being inherited; transmissible or descendible;
as, an inheritable estate or title. --Blackstone.
2. Capable of being transmitted from parent to child; as,
inheritable qualities or infirmities.
3. [Cf. OF. enheritable, inheritable.] Capable of taking by
inheritance, or of receiving by descent; capable of
succeeding to, as an heir.
By attainder . . . the blood of the person attainted
is so corrupted as to be rendered no longer
inheritable. --Blackstone.
The eldest daughter of the king is also alone
inheritable to the crown on failure of issue male.
--Blackstone.
{Inheritable blood}, blood or relationship by which a person
becomes qualified to be an heir, or to transmit
possessions by inheritance.
Inheritably \In*her"it*a*bly\, adv.
By inheritance. --Sherwood.
Inheritance \In*her"it*ance\, n. [Cf. OF. enheritance.]
1. The act or state of inheriting; as, the inheritance of an
estate; the inheritance of mental or physical qualities.
2. That which is or may be inherited; that which is derived
by an heir from an ancestor or other person; a heritage; a
possession which passes by descent.
When the man dies, let the inheritance Descend unto
the daughter. --Shak.
3. A permanent or valuable possession or blessing, esp. one
received by gift or without purchase; a benefaction.
To an inheritance incorruptible, and undefiled, and
that fadeth not away. --1 Pet. i. 4.
4. Possession; ownership; acquisition. ``The inheritance of
their loves.'' --Shak.
To you th' inheritance belongs by right Of brother's
praise; to you eke ?longs his love. --Spenser.
5. (Biol.) Transmission and reception by animal or plant
generation.
6. (Law) A perpetual or continuing right which a man and his
heirs have to an estate; an estate which a man has by
descent as heir to another, or which he may transmit to
another as his heir; an estate derived from an ancestor to
an heir in course of law. --Blackstone.
Note: The word inheritance (used simply) is mostly confined
to the title to land and tenements by a descent.
--Mozley & W.
Men are not proprietors of what they have, merely
for themselves; their children have a title to
part of it which comes to be wholly theirs when
death has put an end to their parents' use of it;
and this we call inheritance. --Locke.
Inheritor \In*her"it*or\, n.
One who inherits; an heir.
Born inheritors of the dignity. --Milton.
Inheritress \In*her"it*ress\, n.
A heiress. --Milman.
Inheritrix \In*her"it*rix\, n.
Same as {Inheritress}. --Shak.
Inherse \In*herse"\, v. t. [Obs.]
See {Inhearse}.
Inhesion \In*he"sion\, n. [L. inhaesio. See {Inhere}.]
The state of existing, of being inherent, in something;
inherence. --A. Baxter.
Constant inhesion and habitual abode. --South.
Inhiation \In`hi*a"tion\, n. [L. inhiatio, fr. inhiare to gape;
pref. in- + hiare to gape.]
A gaping after; eager desire; craving. [R.] --Bp. Hall.
Inhibit \In*hib"it\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inhibited}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inhibiting}.] [L. inhibitus, p. p. of inhibere; pref.
in- in + habere to have, hold. See {Habit}.]
1. To check; to hold back; to restrain; to hinder.
Their motions also are excited or inhibited . . . by
the objects without them. --Bentley.
2. To forbid; to prohibit; to interdict.
All men were inhibited, by proclamation, at the
dissolution, so much as to mention a Parliament.
--Clarendon.
Burial may not be inhibited or denied to any one.
--Ayliffe.
Inhibition \In`hi*bi"tion\, n. [L. inhibitio: cf. F.
inhibition.]
1. The act of inhibiting, or the state of being inhibited;
restraint; prohibition; embargo.
2. (Physiol.) A stopping or checking of an already present
action; a restraining of the function of an organ, or an
agent, as a digestive fluid or ferment, etc.; as, the
inhibition of the respiratory center by the pneumogastric
nerve; the inhibition of reflexes, etc.
3. (Law) A writ from a higher court forbidding an inferior
judge from further proceedings in a cause before; esp., a
writ issuing from a higher ecclesiastical court to an
inferior one, on appeal. --Cowell.
Inhibitor \In*hib"i*tor\, n. [NL.]
That which causes inhibitory action; esp., an inhibitory
nerve.
Inhibitory \In*hib"i*to*ry\, a. [LL. inhibitorius: cf. F.
inhibitoire.]
Of or pertaining to, or producing, inhibition; consisting in
inhibition; tending or serving to inhibit; as, the inhibitory
action of the pneumogastric on the respiratory center.
I would not have you consider these criticisms as
inhibitory. --Lamb.
{Inhibitory nerves} (Physiol.), those nerves which modify,
inhibit, or suppress a motor or secretory act already in
progress.
Inhibitory-motor \In*hib"i*to*ry-mo"tor\, a. (Physiol.)
A term applied to certain nerve centers which govern or
restrain subsidiary centers, from which motor impressions
issue. --McKendrick.
Inhive \In*hive"\, v. t.
To place in a hive; to hive.
Inhold \In*hold"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inheld}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Inholding}.]
To have inherent; to contain in itself; to possess. [Obs.]
--Sir W. Raleigh.
Inholder \In*hold"er\, n.
An inhabitant. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Inhoop \In*hoop"\, v. t.
To inclose in a hoop, or as in a hoop. [R.] --Shak.
Inhospitable \In*hos"pi*ta*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + hospitable:
cf. L. inhospitalis.]
1. Not hospitable; not disposed to show hospitality to
strangers or guests; as, an inhospitable person or people.
Have you no touch of pity, that the poor Stand
starved at your inhospitable door? --Cowper.
2. Affording no shelter or sustenance; barren; desert; bleak;
cheerless; wild. ``Inhospitable wastes.'' --Blair. --
{In*hos"pi*ta*ble*mess}, n. -- {In*hos"pi*ta*bly}, adv.
Inhospitality \In*hos`pi*tal"i*ty\, n. [L. inhospitalitas: cf.
F. inhospitalit['e]. See {In-} not, and {Hospitality}.]
The quality or state of being inhospitable; inhospitableness;
lack of hospitality. --Bp. Hall.
Inhuman \In*hu"man\, a. [L. inhumanus: cf. F. inhumain. See
{In-} not, and {Human}.]
1. Destitute of the kindness and tenderness that belong to a
human being; cruel; barbarous; savage; unfeeling; as, an
inhuman person or people.
2. Characterized by, or attended with, cruelty; as, an
inhuman act or punishment.
Syn: Cruel; unfeeling; pitiless; merciless; savage;
barbarous; brutal; ferocious; ruthless; fiendish.
Inhumanity \In`hu*man"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Inhumanities}. [L.
inhumanitas: cf. F. inhumanit['e].]
The quality or state of being inhuman; cruelty; barbarity.
Man's inhumanity to man Makes countless thousands
mourn. --Burns.
Inhumanly \In*hu"man*ly\, adv.
In an inhuman manner; cruelly; barbarously.
Inhumate \In*hu"mate\, v. t. [L. inhumatus, p. p. of inhumare to
inhume; pref. in- in + humare to cover with earth. See
{Humation}, and cf. {Inhume}.]
To inhume; to bury; to inter. --Hedge.
Inhumation \In`hu*ma"tion\, n. [Cf. F. inhumation.]
1. The act of inhuming or burying; interment.
2. (Old Chem.) The act of burying vessels in warm earth in
order to expose their contents to a steady moderate heat;
the state of being thus exposed.
3. (Med.) Arenation.
Inhume \In*hume"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inhumed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inhuming}.] [Cf. F. inhumer. See {Inhumate}.]
1. To deposit, as a dead body, in the earth; to bury; to
inter.
Weeping they bear the mangled heaps of slain, Inhume
the natives in their native plain. --Pope.
2. To bury or place in warm earth for chemical or medicinal
purposes.
Inia \In"i*a\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A South American freshwater dolphin ({Inia Boliviensis}). It
is ten or twelve feet long, and has a hairy snout.
Inial \In"i*al\, a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to the inion.
Inimaginable \In`im*ag"i*na*ble\, a.
Unimaginable; inconceivable. [R.] --Bp. Pearson.
Inimical \In*im"i*cal\ (?; 277), a. [L. inimicalis, fr. inimicus
unfriendly, hostile; pref. in- not + amicus friendly. See
{Amity}.]
1. Having the disposition or temper of an enemy; unfriendly;
unfavorable; -- chiefly applied to private, as hostile is
to public, enmity.
2. Opposed in tendency, influence, or effects; antagonistic;
inconsistent; incompatible; adverse; repugnant.
We are at war with a system, which, by its essence,
is inimical to all other governments. --Burke.
Inimicality \In*im`i*cal"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being inimical or hostile; hostility;
unfriendliness. [R.]
Inimically \In*im"i*cal*ly\, adv.
In an inimical manner.
Inimicitious \In*im`i*ci"tious\, a. [L. inimicitia enmity. See
{Inimical}.]
Inimical; unfriendly. [R.] --Sterne.
Inimicous \In*im"i*cous\, a. [L. inimicus.]
Inimical; hurtful. [Obs.] --Evelyn.
Inimitability \In*im`i*ta*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being inimitable; inimitableness.
--Norris.
Inimitable \In*im"i*ta*ble\, a. [L. inimitabilis: cf. F.
inimitable. See {In-} not, and {Imitable}.]
Not capable of being imitated, copied, or counterfeited;
beyond imitation; surpassingly excellent; matchless;
unrivaled; exceptional; unique; as, an inimitable style;
inimitable eloquence. ``Inimitable force.'' --Dryden.
Performing such inimitable feats. --Cowper.
-- {In*im"i*ta*ble*ness}, n. -- {In*im"i*ta*bly}, adv.
Inion \In"i*on\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. 'ini`on the back of the head.]
(Anat.)
The external occipital protuberance of the skull.
Iniquitous \In*iq"ui*tous\, a. [From {Iniquity}.]
Characterized by iniquity; unjust; wicked; as, an iniquitous
bargain; an iniquitous proceeding.
Demagogues . . . bribed to this iniquitous service.
--Burke.
Syn: Wicked; wrong; unjust; unrighteous; nefarious; criminal.
Usage: {Iniquitous}, {Wicked}, {Nefarious}. Wicked is the
generic term. Iniquitous is stronger, denoting a
violation of the rights of others, usually by fraud or
circumvention. Nefarious is still stronger, implying a
breach of the most sacred obligations, and points more
directly to the intrinsic badness of the deed.
Iniquitously \In*iq"ui*tous*ly\, adv.
In an iniquitous manner; unjustly; wickedly.
Iniquity \In*iq"ui*ty\, n.; pl. {Iniquities}. [OE. iniquitee, F.
iniquit['e], L. iniquitas, inequality, unfairness, injustice.
See {Iniquous}.]
1. Absence of, or deviation from, just dealing; want of
rectitude or uprightness; gross injustice;
unrighteousness; wickedness; as, the iniquity of bribery;
the iniquity of an unjust judge.
Till the world from his perfection fell Into all
filth and foul iniquity. --Spenser.
2. An iniquitous act or thing; a deed of injustice o?
unrighteousness; a sin; a crime. --Milton.
Your iniquities have separated between you and your
God. --Is. lix. 2.
3. A character or personification in the old English
moralities, or moral dramas, having the name sometimes of
one vice and sometimes of another. See {Vice}.
Acts old Iniquity, and in the fit Of miming gets the
opinion of a wit. --B. Jonson.
Iniquous \In*i"quous\, a. [L. iniquus; pref. in- not + aequus.
See {Equal}.]
Iniquitous. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Inirritable \In*ir"ri*ta*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + irritable:
cf. F. inirritable.]
Not irritable; esp. (Physiol.), incapable of being stimulated
to action, as a muscle. -- {In*ir`ri*ta*bil"i*ty}, n.
Inirritative \In*ir"ri*ta*tive\, a.
Not accompanied with excitement; as, an inirritative fever.
--E. Darwin.
Inisle \In*isle"\, v. t. [Cf. {Enisled}.]
To form into an island; to surround. [Obs.] --Drayton.
Initial \In*i"tial\, a. [L. initialis, from initium a going in,
entrance, beginning, fr. inire to go into, to enter, begin;
pref. in- in + ire to go: cf. F. initial. See {Issue}, and
cf. {Commence}.]
1. Of or pertaining to the beginning; marking the
commencement; incipient; commencing; as, the initial
symptoms of a disease.
2. Placed at the beginning; standing at the head, as of a
list or series; as, the initial letters of a name.
Initial \In*i"tial\, n.
The first letter of a word or a name.
Initial \In*i"tial\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Initialed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Initialing}.]
To put an initial to; to mark with an initial of initials.
[R.]
Initially \In*i"tial*ly\, adv.
In an initial or incipient manner or degree; at the
beginning. --Barrow.
Initiate \In*i"ti*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Initiated}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Initiating}.] [L. initiatus, p. p. of initiare to
begin, fr. initium beginning. See {Initial}.]
1. To introduce by a first act; to make a beginning with; to
set afoot; to originate; to commence; to begin or enter
upon.
How are changes of this sort to be initiated? --I.
Taylor.
2. To acquaint with the beginnings; to instruct in the
rudiments or principles; to introduce.
Providence would only initiate mankind into the
useful knowledge of her treasures, leaving the rest
to employ our industry. --Dr. H. More.
To initiate his pupil into any part of learning, an
ordinary skill in the governor is enough. --Locke.
3. To introduce into a society or organization; to confer
membership on; especially, to admit to a secret order with
mysterious rites or ceremonies.
The Athenians believed that he who was initiated and
instructed in the mysteries would obtain celestial
honor after death. --Bp.
Warburton.
He was initiated into half a dozen clubs before he
was one and twenty. --Spectator.
Initiate \In*i"ti*ate\, v. i.
To do the first act; to perform the first rite; to take the
initiative. [R.] --Pope.
Initiate \In*i"ti*ate\, a. [L. initiatus, p. p.]
1. Unpracticed; untried; new. [Obs.] ``The initiate fear that
wants hard use.'' --Shak.
2. Begun; commenced; introduced to, or instructed in, the
rudiments; newly admitted.
To rise in science as in bliss, Initiate in the
secrets of the skies. --Young.
{Initiate tenant by courtesy} (Law), said of a husband who
becomes such in his wife's estate of inheritance by the
birth of a child, but whose estate is not consummated till
the death of the wife. --Mozley & W.
Initiate \In*i"ti*ate\, n.
One who is, or is to be, initiated.
Initiation \In*i`ti*a"tion\, n. [L. initiatio: cf. F.
initiation.]
1. The act of initiating, or the process of being initiated
or introduced; as, initiation into a society, into
business, literature, etc. ``The initiation of coursers of
events.'' --Pope.
2. The form or ceremony by which a person is introduced into
any society; mode of entrance into an organized body;
especially, the rite of admission into a secret society or
order.
Silence is the first thing that is taught us at our
initiation into sacred mysteries. --Broome.
Initiative \In*i"ti*a*tive\, a. [Cf. F. initiatif.]
Serving to initiate; inceptive; initiatory; introductory;
preliminary.
Initiative \In*i"ti*a*tive\, n. [Cf. F. initiative.]
1. An introductory step or movement; an act which originates
or begins.
The undeveloped initiatives of good things to come.
--I. Taylor.
2. The right or power to introduce a new measure or course of
action, as in legislation; as, the initiative in respect
to revenue bills is in the House of Representatives.
Initiator \In*i"ti*a`tor\, n. [L.]
One who initiates.
Initiatory \In*i"ti*a*to*ry\, a.
1. Suitable for an introduction or beginning; introductory;
prefatory; as, an initiatory step. --Bp. Hall.
2. Tending or serving to initiate; introducing by
instruction, or by the use and application of symbols or
ceremonies; elementary; rudimentary.
Some initiatory treatises in the law. --Herbert.
Two initiatory rites of the same general import can
not exist together. --J. M. Mason.
Initiatory \In*i"ti*a*to*ry\, n.
An introductory act or rite. [R.]
Inition \In*i"tion\, n. [Cf. OF. inition. See {Initial}.]
Initiation; beginning. [Obs.] --Sir R. Naunton.
Inject \In*ject"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Injected}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Injecting}.] [L. injectus, p. p. of inicere, injicere, to
throw in; pref. in- in + jacere to throw: cf. F. injecter.
See {Jet} a shooting forth.]
1. To throw in; to dart in; to force in; as, to inject cold
water into a condenser; to inject a medicinal liquid into
a cavity of the body; to inject morphine with a hypodermic
syringe.
2. Fig.: To throw; to offer; to propose; to instill.
C[ae]sar also, then hatching tyranny, injected the
same scrupulous demurs. --Milton.
3. To cast or throw; -- with on. [R.]
And mound inject on mound. --Pope.
4. (Anat.) To fill (a vessel, cavity, or tissue) with a fluid
or other substance; as, to inject the blood vessels.
Injection \In*jec"tion\, n. [L. injectio : cf.F. injection.]
1. The act of injecting or throwing in; -- applied
particularly to the forcible throwing in of a liquid, or
a["e]riform body, by means of a syringe, pump, etc.
2. That which is injected; especially, a liquid medicine
thrown into a cavity of the body by a syringe or pipe; a
clyster; an enema. --Mayne.
3. (Anat.)
(a) The act or process of filling vessels, cavities, or
tissues with a fluid or other substance.
(b) A specimen prepared by injection.
4. (Steam Eng.)
(a) The act of throwing cold water into a condenser to
produce a vacuum.
(b) The cold water thrown into a condenser.
{Injection cock}, or {Injection valve} (Steam Eng.), the cock
or valve through which cold water is admitted into a
condenser.
{Injection condenser}. See under {Condenser}.
{Injection pipe}, the pipe through which cold water is
through into the condenser of a steam engine.
Injector \In*ject"or\, n.
1. One who, or that which, injects.
2. (Mach.) A contrivance for forcing feed water into a steam
boiler by the direct action of the steam upon the water.
The water is driven into the boiler by the impulse of a
jet of the steam which becomes condensed as soon as it
strikes the stream of cold water it impels; -- also called
{Giffard's injector}, from the inventor.
Injelly \In*jel"ly\, v. t.
To place in jelly. [R.]
Injoin \In*join"\, v. t. [Obs.]
See {Enjoin}.
Injoint \In*joint\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + joint.]
To join; to unite. [R.] --Shak.
Injoint \In*joint\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + joint.]
To disjoint; to separate. [Obs.] --Holland.
Injucundity \In`ju*cun"di*ty\, n. [L. injucunditas. See {In-}
not, and {Jocund}.]
Unpleasantness; disagreeableness. [Obs.] --Cockeram.
Injudicable \In*ju"di*ca*ble\, a.
Not cognizable by a judge. [Obs.] --Bailey.
Injudicial \In`ju*di"cial\, a.
Not according to the forms of law; not judicial. [R.]
Injudicious \In`ju*di"cious\, a. [Pref. in- not + judicious; cf.
F. injudicieux.]
1. Not judicious; wanting in sound judgment; undiscerning;
indiscreet; unwise; as, an injudicious adviser.
An injudicious biographer who undertook to be his
editor and the protector of his memory. --A. Murphy.
2. Not according to sound judgment or discretion; unwise; as,
an injudicious measure.
Syn: Indiscreet; inconsiderate; undiscerning; incautious;
unwise; rash; hasty; imprudent.
Injudiciously \In`ju*di"cious*ly\, adv.
In an injudicious manner.
Injudiciousness \In`ju*di"cious*ness\, n.
The quality of being injudicious; want of sound judgment;
indiscretion. --Whitlock.
Injunction \In*junc"tion\, n. [L. injunctio, fr. injungere,
injunctum, to join into, to enjoin. See {Enjoin}.]
1. The act of enjoining; the act of directing, commanding, or
prohibiting.
2. That which is enjoined; an order; a mandate; a decree; a
command; a precept; a direction.
For still they knew,and ought to have still
remembered, The high injunction,not to taste that
fruit. --Milton.
Necessary as the injunctions of lawful authority.
--South.
3. (Law) A writ or process, granted by a court of equity,
and, insome cases, under statutes, by a court of
law,whereby a party is required to do or to refrain from
doing certain acts, according to the exigency of the writ.
Note: It is more generally used as a preventive than as a
restorative process, although by no means confined to
the former. --Wharton. Daniell. Story.
Injure \In"jure\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Injured}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Injuring}.] [L. injuriari, fr. injuria injury, perh. through
F. injurier to insult, in OF. also, to injure; or perhaps fr.
E. injury, or F. injure injury. See {Injury}.]
To do harm to; to impair the excellence and value of; to
hurt; to damage; -- used in a variety of senses; as:
(a) To hurt or wound, as the person; to impair soundness, as
of health.
(b) To damage or lessen the value of, as goods or estate.
(c) To slander, tarnish, or impair, as reputation or
character.
(d) To impair or diminish, as happiness or virtue.
(e) To give pain to, as the sensibilities or the feelings; to
grieve; to annoy.
(f) To impair, as the intellect or mind.
When have I injured thee? when done thee wrong?
--Shak.
Syn: To damage; mar; spoil; harm; sully; wrong; maltreat;
abuse; insult; affront; dishonor.
Injurer \In"jur*er\, n.
One who injures or wrongs.
Injuria \In*ju"ri*a\, n.; pl. {Injurie}. [L.] (Law)
Injury; invasion of another's rights.
Injurious \In*ju"ri*ous\, a. [L. injuriousus, injurius; cf. F.
injurieux. See {Injury}.]
1. Not just; wrongful; iniquitous; culpable. [Obs.] --Milton.
Till the injurious Roman did extort This tribute
from us, we were free. --Shak.
2. Causing injury or harm; hurtful; harmful; detrimental;
mischievous; as, acts injurious to health, credit,
reputation, property, etc.
Without being injurious to the memory of our English
Pindar. --Dryden.
Syn: Harmful; hurtful; pernicious; mischievous; baneful;
deleterious; noxious; ruinous; detrimental.
Injuriously \In*ju"ri*ous*ly\, adv.
In an injurious or hurtful manner; wrongfully; hurtfully;
mischievously.
Injuriousness \In*ju"ri*ous*ness\, n.
The quality of being injurious or hurtful; harmfulness;
injury.
Injury \In"ju*ry\, n.; pl. {Injuries}. [OE. injurie, L. injuria,
fr. injurius injurious, wrongful, unjust; pref. in- not +
jus, juris, right,law,justice: cf. F. injure. See {Just}, a.]
Any damage or violation of, the person, character, feelings,
rights, property, or interests of an individual; that which
injures, or occasions wrong, loss, damage, or detriment;
harm; hurt; loss; mischief; wrong; evil; as, his health was
impaired by a severe injury; slander is an injury to the
character.
For he that doeth injury shall receve that he did evil.
--Wyclif(Col.
iii. 25).
Many times we do injury to a cause by dwelling on
trifling arguments. --I. Watts.
Riot ascends above their loftiest towers, And injury
and outrage. --Milton.
Note: Injury in morals and jurisprudence is the intentional
doing of wrong. --Fleming.
Syn: Harm; hurt; damage; loss; impairment; detriment; wrong;
evil; injustice.
Injustice \In*jus"tice\, n. [F. injustice, L. injustitia. See
{In-} not, and {Justice}, and cf. {Unjust}.]
1. Want of justice and equity; violation of the rights of
another or others; iniquity; wrong; unfairness;
imposition.
If this people [the Athenians] resembled Nero in
their extravagance, much more did they resemble and
even exceed him in cruelty and injustice. --Burke.
2. An unjust act or deed; a sin; a crime; a wrong.
Cunning men can be guilty of a thousand injustices
without being discovered, or at least without being
punished. --Swift.
Ink \Ink\, n. (Mach.)
The step, or socket, in which the lower end of a millstone
spindle runs.
Ink \Ink\, n. [OE. enke, inke, OF. enque, F. encre, L. encaustum
the purple red ink with which the Roman emperors signed their
edicts, Gr. ?, fr. ? burnt in, encaustic, fr. ? to burn in.
See {Encaustic}, {Caustic}.]
1. A fluid, or a viscous material or preparation of various
kinds (commonly black or colored), used in writing or
printing.
Make there a prick with ink. --Chaucer.
Deformed monsters, foul and black as ink. --Spenser.
2. A pigment. See {India ink}, under {India}.
Note: Ordinarily, black ink is made from nutgalls and a
solution of some salt of iron, and consists essentially
of a tannate or gallate of iron; sometimes indigo
sulphate, or other coloring matter,is added. Other
black inks contain potassium chromate, and extract of
logwood, salts of vanadium, etc. Blue ink is usually a
solution of Prussian blue. Red ink was formerly made
from carmine (cochineal), Brazil wood, etc., but
potassium eosin is now used. Also red, blue, violet,
and yellow inks are largely made from aniline dyes.
Indelible ink is usually a weak solution of silver
nitrate, but carbon in the form of lampblack or India
ink, salts of molybdenum, vanadium, etc., are also
used. Sympathetic inks may be made of milk, salts of
cobalt, etc. See {Sympathetic ink} (below).
{Copying ink}, a peculiar ink used for writings of which
copies by impression are to be taken.
{Ink bag} (Zo["o]l.), an ink sac.
{Ink berry}. (Bot.)
(a) A shrub of the Holly family ({Ilex glabra}), found in
sandy grounds along the coast from New England to
Florida, and producing a small black berry.
(b) The West Indian indigo berry. See {Indigo}.
{Ink plant} (Bot.), a New Zealand shrub ({Coriaria
thumifolia}), the berries of which uield a juice which
forms an ink.
{Ink powder}, a powder from which ink is made by solution.
{Ink sac} (Zo["o]l.), an organ, found in most cephalopods,
containing an inky fluid which can be ejected from a duct
opening at the base of the siphon. The fluid serves to
cloud the water, and enable these animals to escape from
their enemies. See Illust. of {Dibranchiata}.
{Printer's ink}, or {Printing ink}. See under {Printing}.
{Sympathetic ink}, a writing fluid of such a nature that what
is written remains invisible till the action of a reagent
on the characters makes it visible.
Ink \Ink\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inked} ([i^][ng]kt); p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inking}.]
To put ink upon; to supply with ink; to blacken, color, or
daub with ink.
Inker \Ink"er\, n.
One who, or that which, inks; especially, in printing, the
pad or roller which inks the type.
Inkfish \Ink"fish`\, n.
A cuttlefish. See {Cuttlefish}.
Inkhorn \Ink"horn`\, n. [Ink + horn; cf. F. cornet [`a] encre,
G. dintenhorn.]
A small bottle of horn or other material formerly used for
holding ink; an inkstand; a portable case for writing
materials. ``With a writer's inkhorn by his side.'' --Ezek.
ix. 2.
From his pocket the notary drew his papers and inkhorn.
--Longfellow.
Inkhorn \Ink"horn"\, a.
Learned; pedantic; affected. [Obs.] ``Inkhorn terms.''
--Bale.
Inkhornism \Ink"horn`ism\, n.
Pedantry. --Sir T. Wilson.
Inkiness \Ink"i*ness\, n. [From {Inky}.]
The state or quality of being inky; blackness.
Inking \Ink"ing\, a.
Supplying or covering with ink.
{Inking roller}, a somewhat elastic roller,used to spread ink
over forms of type, copperplates, etc.
{Inking trough} or {table}, a trough or table from which the
inking roller receives its ink.
Inkle \In"kle\, n. [Prob.the same word as lingle, the first l
being mistaken for the definite article in French. See
{Lingle}.]
A kind of tape or braid. --Shak.
Inkle \In"kle\, v. t. [OE. inklen to hint; cf. Dan. ymte to
whisper.]
To guess. [Prov. Eng.] ``She inkled what it was.'' --R. D.
Blackmore.
Inkling \In"kling\, n.
A hint; an intimation.
The least inkling or glimpse of this island. --Bacon.
They had some inkling of secret messages. --Clarendon.
Inknee \In"knee`\, n.
Same as {Knock-knee}.
Inkneed \In"kneed`\, a.
See {Knock-kneed}.
Inknot \In*knot"\, v. t.
To fasten or bind, as with a knot; to knot together.
--Fuller.
Inkstand \Ink"stand`\, n.
A small vessel for holding ink, to dip the pen into; also, a
device for holding ink and writing materials.
Inkstone \Ink"stone"\, n.
A kind of stone containing native vitriol or subphate of
iron, used in making ink.
Inky \Ink"y\, a.
Consisting of, or resembling, ink; soiled with ink; black.
``Inky blots.'' --Shak. ``Its inky blackness.'' --Boyle.
Inlace \In*lace"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inlaced}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inlacing}.] [Pref. in- + lace: cf. OE. enlacen to
entangle, involve, OF. enlacier, F. enlacer. See {Lace}, and
cf. {Enlace}.]
To work in, as lace; to embellish with work resembling lace;
also, to lace or enlace. --P. Fletcher.
Inlagation \In"la*ga"tion\, n. [Law L. inlagatio, fr. inlagare
to restore to law. See {In}, and {Law}.] (Old Eng. Law)
The restitution of an outlawed person to the protection of
the law; inlawing. --Bouvier.
Inlaid \In*laid"\, p. p.
of {Inlay}.
Inland \In"land\, a.
1. Within the land; more or less remote from the ocean or
from open water; interior; as, an inland town. ``This wide
inland sea.'' --Spenser.
From inland regions to the distant main. --Cowper.
2. Limited to the land, or to inland routes; within the
seashore boundary; not passing on, or over, the sea; as,
inland transportation, commerce, navigation, etc.
3. Confined to a country or state; domestic; not foreing; as,
an inland bill of exchange. See {Exchange}.
Inland \In"land\, n.
The interior part of a country. --Shak.
Inland \In"land\, adv.
Into, or towards, the interior, away from the coast. --Cook.
The greatest waves of population have rolled inland
from the east. --S. Turner.
Inlander \In"land*er\, n.
One who lives in the interior of a country, or at a distance
from the sea. --Sir T. Browne.
Inlandish \In"land*ish\, a.
Inland. [Obs.] --T. Reeve(1657)
Inlapidate \In*lap"i*date\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + L. lapis,
lapidis, stone.]
To convert into a stony substance; to petrity. [R.] --Bacon.
Inlard \In*lard"\, v. t.
See {Inlard}.
Inlaw \In*law"\, v. t. [In + law. Cf. {Inlagation}.] (Old Eng.
Law)
To clear of outlawry or attainder; to place under the
protection of the law. --Burrill.
Inlay \In*lay"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inlaied}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Inlaying}.]
To lay within; hence, to insert, as pieces of pearl, iviry,
choice woods, or the like, in a groundwork of some other
material; to form an ornamental surface; to diversify or
adorn with insertions.
Look,how the floor of heaven Is thick inlaid with
patines of bright gold. --Shak.
But these things are . . . borrowed by the monks to
inlay their story. --Milton.
Inlay \In"lay`\, n.
Matter or pieces of wood, ivory, etc., inlaid, or prepared
for inlaying; that which is inserted or inlaid for ornament
or variety.
Crocus and hyacinth with rich inlay Broidered the
ground. --Milton.
The sloping of the moonlit sward Was damask work, and
deep inlay Of braided blooms. --Tennyson.
Inlayer \In*lay"er\, n.
One who inlays, or whose occupation it is to inlay.
Inleague \In*league"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inleagued}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inleaguing}.]
To ally, or form an alliance witgh; to unite; to combine.
With a willingness inleague our blood With his, for
purchase of full growth in friendship. --Ford.
Inleaguer \In*lea"guer\, v. t.
To beleaguer. --Holland.
Inlet \In"let\, n.
1. A passage by which an inclosed place may be entered; a
place of ingress; entrance.
Doors and windows,inlets of men and of light. --Sir
H. Wotton.
2. A bay or recess,as in the shore of a sea, lake, or large
river; a narrow strip of water running into the land or
between islands.
3. That which is let in or inland; an inserted material.
Note: Inlet is also usewd adjectively,as in inlet pipe, inlet
valve, etc.
Inlighten \In*light"en\, v. t.
See {Enlighten}.
Inlist \In*list"\, v. t.
See {Enlist}.
Inlive \In*live"\, v. t.
To animate. [R.] --B. Jonson.
Inlock \In*lock"\, v. t.
To lock in, or inclose.
In loco \In lo"co\ [L.]
In the place; in the proper or natural place.
Inlumine \In*lu"mine\, v. t. [Obs.]
See {Illumine}.
Inly \In"ly\, a. [OE. inlich, AS. inl[=i]c. See {In}.]
Internal; interior; secret.
Didst thou but know the inly touch of love. --Shak.
Inly \In"ly\, adv.
Internally; within; in the heart. ``Whereat he inly raged.''
--Milton.
Inmacy \In"ma*cy\, n. [From {Inmate}.]
The state of being an inmate. [R.] --Craig.
Inmate \In"mate`\, n. [In + mate an associate.]
One who lives in the same house or apartment with another; a
fellow lodger; esp.,one of the occupants of an asylum,
hospital, or prison; by extension, one who occupies or lodges
in any place or dwelling.
So spake the enemy of mankind, inclos'd In serpent,
inmate bad. --Milton.
Inmate \In"mate`\, a.
Admitted as a dweller; resident; internal. [R.] ``Inmate
guests.'' --Milton.
Inmeats \In"meats`\, n.pl.
The edible viscera of animals, as the heart, liver, etc.
Inmesh \In*mesh"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inmeshed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inmeshing}.]
To bring within meshes, as of a net; to enmesh.
Inmew \In*mew"\, v. t. [Cf.{Emmew}, {Immew}.]
To inclose, as in a mew or cage. [R.] ``Inmew the town
below.'' --Beau. & Fl.
Inmost \In"most`\, a. [OE. innemest, AS. innemest, a double
superlative form fr. inne within, fr. in in. The modern form
is due to confusion with most. See {In}, and cf. {Aftermost},
{Foremost}, {Innermost}.]
Deepest within; farthest from the surface or external part;
innermost.
And pierce the inmost center of the earth. --Shak.
The silent, slow, consuming fires, Which on my inmost
vitals prey. --Addison.
Inn \Inn\, n. [AS. in, inn, house, chamber, inn, from AS. in in;
akin to Icel. inni house. See {In}.]
1. A place of shelter; hence, dwelling; habitation;
residence; abode. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Therefore with me ye may take up your inn For this
same night. --Spenser.
2. A house for the lodging and entertainment of travelers or
wayfarers; a tavern; a public house; a hotel.
Note: As distinguished from a private boarding house, an inn
is a house for the entertainment of all travelers of
good conduct and means of payment,as guests for a brief
period,not as lodgers or boarders by contract.
The miserable fare and miserable lodgment of a
provincial inn. --W. Irving.
3. The town residence of a nobleman or distinguished person;
as, Leicester Inn. [Eng.]
4. One of the colleges (societies or buildings) in London,
for students of the law barristers; as, the Inns of Court;
the Inns of Chancery; Serjeants' Inns.
{Inns of chancery} (Eng.), colleges in which young students
formerly began their law studies, now occupied chiefly by
attorneys, solicitors, etc.
{Inns of court} (Eng.), the four societies of ``students and
practicers of the law of England'' which in London
exercise the exclusive right of admitting persons to
practice at the bar; also, the buildings in which the law
students and barristers have their chambers. They are the
Inner Temple, the Middle Temple, Lincoln's Inn, and Gray's
Inn.
Inn \Inn\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Inned}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Inning}.]
To take lodging; to lodge. [R.] --Addison.
Inn \Inn\, v. t.
1. To house; to lodge. [Obs.]
When he had brought them into his city And inned
them, everich at his degree. --Chaucer.
2. To get in; to in. See {In}, v. t.
Innate \In"nate\, a. [L. innatus; pref. in- in + natus born, p.
p. of nasci to be born. See {Native}.]
1. Inborn; native; natural; as, innate vigor; innate
eloquence.
2. (Metaph.) Originating in, or derived from, the
constitution of the intellect, as opposed to acquired from
experience; as, innate ideas. See {A priori}, {Intuitive}.
There is an innate light in every man, discovering
to him the first lines of duty in the common notions
of good and evil. --South.
Men would not be guilty if they did not carry in
their mind common notions of morality,innate and
written in divine letters. --Fleming
(Origen).
If I could only show,as I hope I shall . . . how
men, barely by the use of their natural faculties,
may attain to all the knowledge they have, without
the help of any innate impressions; and may arrive
at certainty without any such original notions or
principles. --Locke.
3. (Bot.) Joined by the base to the very tip of a filament;
as, an innate anther. --Gray.
{Innate ideas} (Metaph.), ideas, as of God, immortality,
right and wrong, supposed by some to be inherent in the
mind, as a priori principles of knowledge.
Innate \In*nate"\, v. t.
To cause to exit; to call into being. [Obs.] ``The first
innating cause.'' --Marston.
Innately \In"nate*ly\, adv.
Naturally.
Innateness \In"nate*ness\, n.
The quality of being innate.
Innative \In*na"tive\, a.
Native. [Obs.] --Chapman.
Innavigable \In*nav"i*ga*ble\, a. [L. innavigabilis : cf. F.
innavigable. See {In-} not, and {Navigable}.]
Incapable of being navigated; impassable by ships or vessels.
--Drygen. -- {In*nav"i*ga*bly}, adv.
Inne \Inne\, adv. & prep.
In. [Obs.]
And eke in what array that they were inne. --Chaucer.
Inner \In"ner\, a. [AS. innera, a compar. fr. inne within, fr.
in in. See {In}.]
1. Further in; interior; internal; not outward; as, an spirit
or its phenomena.
This attracts the soul, Governs the inner man,the
nobler part. --Milton.
3. Not obvious or easily discovered; obscure.
{Inner house} (Scot.), the first and second divisions of the
court of Session at Edinburgh; also,the place of their
sittings.
{Inner jib} (Naut.), a fore-and-aft sail set on a stay
running from the fore-topmast head to the jib boom.
{Inner plate} (Arch.), the wall plate which lies nearest to
the center of the roof,in a double-plated roof.
{Inner post} (Naut.), a piece brought on at the fore side of
the main post, to support the transoms.
{Inner square} (Carp.), the angle formed by the inner edges
of a carpenter's square.
Innerly \In"ner*ly\, adv.
More within. [Obs.] --Baret.
Innermost \In"ner*most`\, a. [A corruption of inmost due to
influence of inner. See {Inmost}.]
Farthest inward; most remote from the outward part; inmost;
deepest within. --Prov. xviii. 8.
Innermostly \In"ner*most`ly\, adv.
In the innermost place. [R.]
His ebon cross worn innermostly. --Mrs.
Browning.
Innervate \In*ner"vate\, v. t. [See {Innerve}.] (Anat.)
To supply with nerves; as, the heart is innervated by
pneumogastric and sympathetic branches.
Innervation \In`ner*va"tion\, n. [Cf. F. innervation.]
1. The act of innerving or stimulating.
2. (Physiol.) Special activity excited in any part of the
nervous system or in any organ of sense or motion; the
nervous influence necessary for the maintenance of
life,and the functions of the various organs.
3. (Anat.) The distribution of nerves in an animal, or to any
of its parts.
Innerve \In*nerve"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Innerved}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Innerving}.] [Pref. in- in + nerve.]
To give nervous energy or power to; to give increased
energy,force,or courage to; to invigorate; to stimulate.
Innholder \Inn"hold`er\, n.
One who keeps an inn.
Inning \In"ning\, n. [AS. innung, fr. in in, prep. & adv.]
1. Ingathering; harvesting. [Obs.] --Holland.
2. The state or turn of being in; specifically, in cricket,
baseball, etc.,the turn or time of a player or of a side
at the bat; -- often in the pl. Hence: The turn or time of
a person, or a party, in power; as, the Whigs went out,
and the Democrats had their innings.
3. pl. Lands recovered from the sea. --Ainsworth.
Innitency \In*ni"ten*cy\, n. [L. inniti, p. p. innixus, to lean
upon; pref. in- in, on + niti to lean.]
A leaning; pressure; weight. [R.] --Sir T. Browne.
Innixion \In*nix"ion\, n. [See {Innitency}.]
Act of leaning upon something; incumbency. [Obs.] --Derham.
Innkeeper \Inn"keep`er\, n.
An innholder.
Innocence \In"no*cence\, n. [F. innocence, L. innocentia. See
{Innocent}.]
1. The state or quality of being innocent; freedom from that
which is harmful or infurious; harmlessness.
2. The state or quality of being morally free from guilt or
sin; purity of heart; blamelessness.
The silence often of pure innocence Persuades when
speaking fails. --Shak.
Banished from man's life his happiest life,
Simplicity and spotless innocence! --Milton.
3. The state or quality of being not chargeable for, or
guilty of, a particular crime or offense; as, the
innocence of the prisoner was clearly shown.
4. Simplicity or plainness, bordering on weakness or
silliness; artlessness; ingenuousness. --Chaucer. Shak.
Syn: Harmlessness; innocuousness; blamelessness; purity;
sinlessness; guiltlessness.
Innocency \In"no*cen*cy\, n.
Innocence.
Innocent \In"no*cent\, a. [F. innocent, L. innocens, -entis;
pref. in- not + nocens, p. pr. of nocere to harm, hurt. See
{Noxious}.]
1. Not harmful; free from that which can injure; innoxious;
innocuous; harmless; as, an innocent medicine or remedy.
The spear Sung innocent,and spent its force in air.
--Pope.
2. Morally free from guilt; guiltless; not tainted with sin;
pure; upright.
To offer up a weak, poor, innocent lamb. --Shak.
I have sinned in that I have betrayed the innocent
blood. --Matt. xxvii.
4.
The aidless,innocent lady, his wished prey.
--Milton.
3. Free from the guilt of a particular crime or offense; as,
a man is innocent of the crime charged.
Innocent from the great transgression. --Ps. xix.
13.
4. Simple; artless; foolish. --Shak.
5. Lawful; permitted; as, an innocent trade.
6. Not contraband; not subject to forfeiture; as, innocent
goods carried to a belligerent nation.
{Innocent party} (Law),a party who has not notice of a fact
tainting a litigated transaction with illegality.
Syn: Harmless; innoxious; innoffensive; guiltless; spotless;
immaculate; pure; unblamable; blameless; faultless;
guileless; upright.
Innocent \In"no*cent\, n.
1. An innocent person; one free from, or unacquainted with,
guilt or sin. --Shak.
2. An unsophisticated person; hence, a child; a simpleton; an
idiot. --B. Jonson.
In Scotland a natural fool was called an innocent.
--Sir W.
Scott.
{Innocents' day} (Eccl.), Childermas day.
Innocently \In"no*cent*ly\, adv.
In an innocent manner.
Innocuity \In"no*cu"i*ty\, n.
Innocuousness.
Innocuous \In*noc"u*ous\, a. [L. innocuus; in- not + nocuus
hurtful, fr. nocere to hurt. See {Innocent}.]
Harmless; producing no ill effect; innocent.
A patient, innocuous, innocent man. --Burton.
-- {In*noc"u*ous*ly}, adv. -- {In*noc"u*ous*ness}, n.
Where the salt sea innocuously breaks. --Wordsworth.
Innodate \In"no*date\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Innodated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Innodating}.] [L. innodatus, p. p. of innodare; pref.
in- in + nodus knot.]
To bind up,as in a knot; to include. [Obs.] --Fuller.
Innominable \In*nom"i*na*ble\, a. [L. innominabilis; pref. in-
not + nominare to name: cf. F. innominable.]
Not to be named. [R.] --Testament of Love.
Innominate \In*nom"i*nate\, a. [L. innominatus; pref. in- not +
nominare to name.]
1. Having no name; unnamed; as, an innominate person or
place. [R.] --Ray.
2. (Anat.) A term used in designating many parts otherwise
unnamed; as, the innominate artery, a great branch of the
arch of the aorta; the innominate vein, a great branch of
the superior vena cava.
{Innominate bone} (Anat.), the great bone which makes a
lateral half of the pelvis in mammals; hip bone; haunch
bone; huckle bone. It is composed of three bones, ilium,
ischium, and pubis, consolidated into one in the adult,
though separate in the fetus, as also in many adult
reptiles and amphibians.
{Innominate contracts} (Law), in the Roman law, contracts
without a specific name.
Innovate \In"no*vate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Innovated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Innovating}.] [L. innovatus,p. p. of innovare to
revew; pref. in- in + novare to make new,fr. novus new. See
{New}.]
1. To bring in as new; to introduce as a novelty; as, to
innovate a word or an act. [Archaic]
2. To change or alter by introducing something new; to
remodel; to revolutionize. [Archaic] --Burton.
From his attempts upon the civil power, he proceeds
to innovate God's worship. --South.
Innovate \In"no*vate\, v. i.
To introduce novelties or changes; -- sometimes with in or
on. --Bacon.
Every man,therefore,is not fit to innovate. --Dryden.
Innovation \In`no*va"tion\, n. [L. innovatio; cf. F.
innovation.]
1. The act of innovating; introduction of something new, in
customs, rites, etc. --Dryden.
2. A change effected by innovating; a change in customs;
something new, and contrary to established customs,
manners, or rites. --Bacon.
The love of things ancient doth argue stayedness,
but levity and want of experience maketh apt unto
innovations. --Hooker.
3. (Bot.) A newly formed shoot, or the annually produced
addition to the stems of many mosses.
Innovationist \In`no*va"tion*ist\, n.
One who favors innovation.
Innovative \In"no*va*tive\, a.
Characterized by, or introducing, innovations. --Fitzed.
Hall.
Innovator \In"no*va`tor\, n. [Cf. F. innovateur.]
One who innovates. --Shak.
Innoxious \In*nox"ious\, a. [L. innoxius. See {In-} not, and
{Noxious}.]
1. Free from hurtful qualities or effects; harmless.
``Innoxious flames.'' --Sir K. Digby.
2. Free from crime; pure; innocent. --Pope. --
{In*nox`ious*ly}, adv. -- {In*nox"ious*ness}, n.
Innubilous \In*nu"bi*lous\, a. [L. innubilus. See {Nubilous}.]
Cloudless. [Obs.] --Blount.
Innuendo \In`nu*en"do\, n.; pl. {Innuedoes}(?). [L., by
intimation, by hinting, gerund of innuere, innutum, to give a
nod, to intimate; pref. in- in, to + -nuere (in comp.) to
nod. See {Nutation}.]
1. An oblique hint; a remote allusion or reference, usually
derogatory to a person or thing not named; an insinuation.
Mercury . . . owns it a marriage by an innuendo.
--Dryden.
Pursue your trade of scandal picking; Your
innuendoes, when you tell us, That Stella loves to
talk with fellows. --Swift.
2. (Law) An averment employed in pleading, to point the
application of matter otherwise unintelligible; an
interpretative parenthesis thrown into quoted matter to
explain an obscure word or words; -- as, the plaintiff
avers that the defendant said that he (innuendo the
plaintiff) was a thief. --Wharton.
Note: The term is so applied from having been the
introductory word of this averment or parenthetic
explanation when pleadings were in Latin. The word
``meaning'' is used as its equivalent in modern forms.
Syn: Insinuation; suggestion; hint; intimation; reference;
allusion; implication; representation; -- {Innuendo},
{Insinuation}.
Usage: An innuendo is an equivocal allusion so framed as to
point distinctly at something which is injurious to
the character or reputation of the person referred to.
An insinuation turns on no such double use of
language, but consists in artfully winding into the
mind imputations of an injurious nature without making
any direct charge.
Innuent \In"nu*ent\, a. [L. innuens, p. pr.]
Conveying a hint; significant. [Obs.] --Burton.
Innuit \In"nu*it\, n. [Native name.] (Ethnol.)
An Eskimo.
Innumerability \In*nu`mer*a*bil"i*ty\, n. [L. innumerabilitas.]
State of being innumerable. --Fotherby.
Innumerable \In*nu`mer*a*ble\, a. [L. innumerabilis : cf.F.
innumefable. See {In-} not, and {Numerable}.]
Not capable of being counted, enumerated, or numbered, for
multitude; countless; numberless; unnumbered, hence,
indefinitely numerous; of great number.
Innumerable as the stars of night. --Milton.
-- {In*nu"mer*a*ble*ness}, n. -- {In*nu"mer*a*bly}, adv.
Innumerous \In*nu"mer*ous\, a. [L. innumerosus, innumerus. See
{Numerous}.]
Innumerable. [Archaic] --Milton.
Innutrition \In`nu*tri"tion\, n.
Want of nutrition; failure of nourishment. --E. Darwin.
Innutritious \In`nu*tri"tious\, a.
Not nutritious; not furnishing nourishment.
Innutritive \In*nu"tri*tive\, a.
Innutritious.
Innyard \Inn"yard`\, n.
The yard adjoining an inn.
Inobedience \In`o*be"di*ence\, n. [L. inoboedientia : cf.F.
inobedience.]
Disobedience. [Obs.] --Wyclif. Chaucer.
Inobedient \In`o*be"di*ent\, a. [L. inoboediens, p. pr. of
inoboedire : cf.F. inobedient. See {Obedient}.]
Not obedient; disobedient. [Obs.] --Chaucer. --
{In`o*be"di*ent*ly}, adv. [Obs.]
Inobservable \In`ob*serv"a*ble\, a. [L. inobservabilis : cf. F.
inobservable. See {In-} not, and {Observable}.]
Not observable.
Inobservance \In`ob*serv"ance\, a. [L. inobservantia : cf. F.
inobservance.]
Want or neglect of observance. --Bacon.
Inobservant \In`ob*serv"ant\, a. [L. inobservans. See {In-} not,
and {Observant}.]
Not observant; regardless; heedless. --Bp. Hurd. --
{In`ob*serv"ant*ly}, adv.
Inobservation \In*ob`ser*va"tion\, n. [Cf. F. inobservation.]
Neglect or want of observation. [R.]
Inobtrusive \In`ob*tru"sive\, a.
Not obtrusive; unobtrusive. -- {In`ob*tru"sive*ly}, adv. --
{In`ob*tru"sive*ness}, n.
Inocarpin \In`o*car"pin\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, muscle + ? fruit.]
(Chem.)
A red, gummy, coloring matter, extracted from the colorless
juice of the Otaheite chestnut ({Inocarpus edulis}).
Inoccupation \In*oc`cu*pa"tion\, n.
Want of occupation.
Inoceramus \In`o*cer"a*mus\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?, a muscle + ?
an earthen vessel.] (Paleon.)
An extinct genus of large, fossil, bivalve shells,allied to
the mussels. The genus is characteristic of the Cretaceous
period.
Inoculability \In*oc`u*la*bil"i*ty\, n.
The qual ity or state of being inoculable.
Inoculable \In*oc"u*la*ble\, a. [See {Inoculate}.]
Capable of being inoculated; capable of communicating
disease, or of being communicated, by inoculation.
Inocular \In*oc"u*lar\, a. (Zo["o]l)
Inserted in the corner of the eye; -- said of the antenn? of
certain insects.
Inoculate \In*oc"u*late\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inoculated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Inoculating},.] [L. inoculatus, p. p. of
inoculare to ingraft; pref. in- in,on + oculare to furnish
with eyes, fr. oculus an eye, also, a bud. See {Ocular}.]
1. To bud; to insert, or graft, as the bud of a tree or plant
in another tree or plant.
2. To insert a foreign bud into; as, to inoculate a tree.
3. (Med.) To communicate a disease to ( a person ) by
inserting infectious matter in the skin or flesh; as, to
inoculate a person with the virus of smallpox,rabies, etc.
See {Vaccinate}.
4. Fig.: To introduce into the mind; -- used especially of
harmful ideas or principles; to imbue; as, to inoculate
one with treason or infidelity.
Inoculate \In*oc"u*late\, v. i.
1. To graft by inserting buds.
2. To communicate disease by inoculation.
Inoculation \In*oc"u*la"tion\, n. [L. inoculatio: cf. F.
inoculation.]
1. The act or art of inoculating trees or plants.
2. (Med.) The act or practice of communicating a disease to a
person in health, by inserting contagious matter in his
skin or flesh.
Note: The use was formerly limited to the intentional
communication of the smallpox, but is now extended to
include any similar introduction of modified virus; as,
the inoculation of rabies by Pasteur.
3. Fig.: The communication of principles, especially false
principles, to the mind.
Inoculator \In*oc"u*la`tor\, n. [L.: cf. F. inoculateur.]
One who inoculates; one who propagates plants or diseases by
inoculation.
Inodiate \In*o"di*ate\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + L. odium hatred.]
To make odious or hateful. [Obs.] --South.
Inodorate \In*o"dor*ate\, a.
Inodorous. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Inodorous \In*o"dor*ous\, a. [L. inodorus. See {In-} not, and
{Odorous}.]
Emitting no odor; wthout smell; scentless; odorless. --
{In*o"dor*ous*ness}, n.
Inoffensive \In"of*fen"sive\, a. [Pref. in- not + offensiue: cf.
F. inoffensif.]
1. Giving no offense, or provocation; causing no uneasiness,
annoyance, or disturbance; as, an inoffensive man, answer,
appearance.
2. Harmless; doing no injury or mischief. --Dryden.
3. Not obstructing; presenting no interruption bindrance.
[R.] --Milton.
So have Iseen a river gintly glide In a smooth
course, and inoffensive tide. --Addison.
-- {In"of*fen"sive*ly}, adv. -- {In"of*fen"sive*ness}, n.
Inofficial \In"of*fi"cial\, a.
Not official; not having official sanction or authoriy; not
according to the forms or ceremony of official business; as,
inofficial intelligence.
Pinckney and Marshall would not make inofficial visits
to discuss official business. --Pickering.
Syn: Private; informal; unwarranted; unauthorizod; irregular;
unceremonious; unprofessional.
Inofficially \In`of*fi"cial*ly\, adv.
Without the usual forms, or not in the official character.
Inofficious \In`of*fi"cious\, a. [L. inofficiosus: cf. F.
inofficieux. See {In-} not, and {Officious}.]
1. Indifferent to obligation or duty. [Obs.]
Thou drown'st thyself in inofficious sleep. --B.
Jonson.
2. Not officious; not civil or attentive. [Obs.] --Jonhson.
3. (Law) Regardless of natural obligation; contrary to
natural duty; unkind; -- commonly said of a testament made
without regard to natural obligation, or by which a child
is unjustly deprived of inheritance. ``The inofficious
testament.'' --Blackstone. ``An inofficious disposition of
his fortune.'' --Paley.
Inofficiously \In`of*fi"cious*ly\, adv.
Not-officiously.
Inogen \In"o*gen\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, a muscle + -gen.] (Physiol.)
A complex nitrogenous substance, which, by Hermann's
hypothesis, is continually decomposed and reproduced in the
muscles, during their life.
Inoperation \In*op`er*a"tion\, n. [L. inoperari to effect; pref.
in- in + operari to operate.]
Agency; influence; production of effects. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Inoperative \In*op"er*a*tive\, a. [Pref. in- not + operative.]
Not operative; not active; producing no effects; as, laws
renderd inoperative by neglect; inoperative remedies or
processes.
Inopercular \In`o*per"cu*lar\, Inoperculate \In`o*per"cu*late\,
a. (Zo["o]l.)
Having no operculum; -- said of certain gastropod shells.
Inopinable \In`o*pin"a*ble\, a. [L. inopinabilis. See
{Inopinate}.]
Not to be expected; inconceivable. [Obs.] ``Inopinable,
incredible . . . saings.'' --Latimer.
Inopinate \In*op"i*nate\, a. [L. inopinatus. See {In-} not, and
{Opine}.]
Not expected or looked for. [Obs.]
Inopportune \In*op`por*tune"\, a. [L. inopportunus: cf. F.
inopportun. See {In-} not, and {Opportune}.]
Not opportune; inconvenient; unseasonable; as, an inopportune
occurrence, remark, etc.
No visit could have been more inopportune. --T. Hook.
Inopportunely \In*op`por*tune"ly\, adv.
Not opportunely; unseasonably; inconveniently.
Inopportunity \In*op`por*tu"ni*ty\, n.
Want of opportunity; unseasonableness; inconvenience. [R.]
Inoppressive \In`op*press"ive\, a.
Not oppressive or burdensome. --O. Wolcott.
Inopulent \In*op"u*lent\, a. [Pref. in- not + opulent: cf. F.
inopulent.]
Not opulent; not affluent or rich.
Inordinacy \In*or"di*na*cy\, n.
The state or quality of being inordinate; excessiveness;
immoderateness; as, the inordinacy of love or desire. --Jer.
Taylor.
Inordinate \In*or"di*nate\, a. [L. inordinatus disordered. See
{In-} not, and {Ordinate}.]
Not limited to rules prescribed, or to usual bounds;
irregular; excessive; immoderate; as, an inordinate love of
the world. ``Inordinate desires.'' --Milton. ``Inordinate
vanity.'' --Burke. -- {In*or"di*nate*ly}, adv. --
{In*or"di*nate*ness}, n.
Inordination \In*or`di*na"tion\, n. [L. inordinatio.]
Deviation from custom, rule, or right; irregularity;
inordinacy. [Obs.] --South.
Every inordination of religion that is not in defect,
is properly called superstition. --Jer. Taylor.
Inorganic \In`or*gan"ic\, a. [Pref. in- not + organic: cf. F.
inorganique.]
Not organic; without the organs necessary for life; devoid of
an organized structure; unorganized; lifeness; inanimate; as,
all chemical compounds are inorganic substances.
Note: The term inorganic is used to denote any one the large
series of substances (as minerals, metals, etc.), which
are not directly connected with vital processes, either
in origin or nature, and which are broadly and
relatively contrasted with organic subscances. See
{Organic}.
{Inorganic Chemistry}. See under {Chemistry}.
Inorganical \In`or*gan"ic*al\, a.
Inorganic. --Locke.
Inorganically \In`or*gan"ic*al*ly\, adv.
In an inorganic manner.
Inorganity \In`or*gan"i*ty\, n.
Quality of being inorganic. [Obs.] ``The inorganity of the
soul.'' --Sir T. Browne.
Inorganization \In*or`gan*i*za"tion\, n.
The state of being without organization.
Inorganized \In*or"gan*ized\, a.
Not having organic structure; devoid of organs; inorganic.
Inorthography \In`or*thog"ra*phy\, n.
Deviation from correct orthography; bad spelling. [Obs.]
--Feltham.
Inosculate \In*os"cu*late\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Inosculated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Inosculating}.] [Pref. in- in + osculate.]
1. To unite by apposition or contact, as two tubular vessels
at their extremities; to anastomose.
2. To intercommunicate; to interjoin.
The several monthly divisions of the journal may
inosculate, but not the several volumes. --De
Quincey.
Inosculate \In*os"cu*late\, v. t.
1. To unite by apposition or contact, as two vessels in an
animal body. --Berkeley.
2. To unite intimately; to cause to become as one.
They were still together, grew (For so they said
themselves) inosculated. --Tennyson.
Inosculation \In*os`cu*la"tion\, n. [Cf. F. inosculation.]
The junction or connection of vessels, channels, or passages,
so that their contents pass from one to the other; union by
mouths or ducts; anastomosis; intercommunication; as,
inosculation of veins, etc. --Ray.
Inosinic \In`o*sin"ic\, a. [From {Inosite}.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, inosite; as, inosinic acid.
Inosite \In"o*site\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, strength, muscle.] (Physiol.
Chem.)
A white crystalline substance with a sweet taste, found in
certain animal tissues and fluids, particularly in the
muscles of the heart and lungs, also in some plants, as in
unripe pease, beans, potato sprouts, etc. Called also
{phaseomannite}.
Note: Chemically,it has the composition represented by the
formula, {C6H12O6+H2O}, and was formerly regarded as a
carbohydrate, isomeric with dextrose, but is now known
to be an aromatic compound (a hexacid phenol derivative
of benzene).
Inoxidizable \In*ox"idi`za*ble\, a. (Chem.)
Incapable of being oxidized; as, gold and platinum are
inoxidizable in the air.
Inoxidize \In*ox"i*dize\, v. i.
To prevent or hinder oxidation, rust, or decay; as,
inoxidizing oils or varnishes.
In posse \In` pos"se\ [L.]
In possibility; possible, although not yet in existence or
come to pass; -- contradistinguished from in esse.
Inquartation \In`quar*ta"tion\, n.
Quartation.
Inquest \In"quest\, n. [OE. enqueste, OF. enqueste, F.
enqu[^e]te, LL. inquesta, for inquisita, fr. L. inquisitus,
p. p. of inquirere. See {Inquire}.]
1. Inquiry; quest; search. [R.] --Spenser.
The laborious and vexatious inquest that the soul
must make after science. --South.
2. (Law)
(a) Judicial inquiry; official examination, esp. before a
jury; as, a coroner's inquest in case of a sudden
death.
(b) A body of men assembled under authority of law to
inquire into any matterm civil or criminal,
particularly any case of violent or sudden death; a
jury, particularly a coroner's jury. The grand jury is
sometimes called the grand inquest. See under {Grand}.
(c) The finding of the jury upon such inquiry.
{Coroner's inquest}, an inquest held by a coroner to
determine the cause of any violent, sudden, or mysterious
death. See {Coroner}.
{Inquest of office}, an inquiry made, by authority or
direction of proper officer, into matters affecting the
rights and interests of the crown or of the state.
--Craig. Bouvier.
Inquiet \In*qui"et\, v. t. [L. inquietare: cf. F. inquieter. See
{Quiet}.]
To disquiet. [Obs.] --Joye.
Inquietation \In*qui`e*ta"tion\, n. [L. inquietatio : cf. F.
inquielation.]
Disturbance. [Obs.] --Sir T. Elyot.
Inquietness \In*qui"et*ness\, n.
Unquietness. [Obs.] --Joye.
Inquietude \In*qui"e*tude\, n. [L. inquietudo: cf. F.
inquietude.]
Disturbed state; uneasiness either of body or mind;
restlessness; disquietude. --Sir H. Wotton.
Inquiline \In"qui*line\, n. [L. inquilinus a tenant, lodger.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A gallfly which deposits its eggs in galls formed by other
insects.
Inquinate \In"qui*nate\, v. t. [L. inquinatus, p. p. of
inquinare to defile.]
To defile; to pollute; to contaminate; to befoul. [Obs.]
--Sir T. Browne.
Inquination \In`qui*na"tion\, n. [L. inquinatio.]
A defiling; pollution; stain. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Inquirable \In*quir"a*ble\, a. [Cf. OF. enquerable.]
Capable of being inquired into; subject or liable to
inquisition or inquest. --Bacon.
Inquirance \In*quir"ance\, n.
Inquiry. [Obs.] --Latimer.
Inquire \In*quire"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Inquired}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inquiring}.] [OE. enqueren, inqueren, OF. enquerre,
F. enqu['e]rir, L. inquirere, inquisitum; pref. in- in +
quarere to seek. See {Quest} a seeking, and cf. {Inquiry}.]
[Written also {enquire}.]
1. To ask a question; to seek for truth or information by
putting queries.
We will call the damsel, and inquire. --Gen. xxiv.
57.
Then David inquired of the Lord yet again. And the
Lord answered him. --1 Sam.
xxiii. 4.
2. To seek to learn anything by recourse to the proper means
of knoledge; to make examination.
And inquire Gladly into the ways of God with man.
--Miltom.
Note: This word is followed by of before the person asked;
as, to inquire of a neighbor. It is followed by
concerning, after, or about, before the subject of
inquiry; as, his friends inquired about or concerning
his welfare. ``Thou dost not inquire wisely concerning
this.'' --Eccl. vii. 10. It is followed by into when
search is made for particular knowledge or information;
as, to inquire into the cause of a sudden death. It is
followed by for or after when a place or person is
sought, or something is missing. ``Inquire in the house
of Judas for one called Saul of Tarsus.'' --Acts ix.
11.
Inquire \In*quire"\, v. t.
1. To ask about; to seek to know by asking; to make
examination or inquiry respecting.
Having thus at length inquired the truth concerning
law and dispense. --Milton.
And all obey and few inquire his will. --Byron.
2. To call or name. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Syn: To ask; question. See {Question}.
Inquirent \In*quir"ent\, a. [L. inquirens, p. pr.]
Making inquiry; inquiring; questioning. [Obs.] --Shenstone.
Inquirer \In*quir"er\, n. [Written also enquirer.]
One who inquires or examines; questioner; investigator.
--Locke.
Expert inquirers after truth. --Cowper.
Inquiring \In*quir"ing\, a.
Given to inquiry; disposed to investigate causes; curious;
as, an inquiring mind.
Inquiringly \In*quir"ing*ly\, adv.
In an inquiring manner.
Inquiry \In*quir"y\, n.; pl. {Inquiries}. [See {Inquire}.]
[Written also {enquiry}.]
1. The act of inquiring; a seeking for information by asking
questions; interrogation; a question or questioning.
He could no path nor track of foot descry, Nor by
inquiry learn, nor guess by aim. --Spenser.
The men which were sent from Cornelius had made
inquiry for Simon's house, and stood before the
gate. --Acts x. 17.
2. Search for truth, information, or knoledge; examination
into facts or principles; research; invextigation; as,
physical inquiries.
All that is wanting to the perfection of this art
will undoubtedly be found, if able men . . . will
make inquiry into it. --Dryden.
{Court of inquiry}. See under {Court}.
{Writ of inquiry}, a writ issued in certain actions at law,
where the defendant has suffered judgment to pass against
him by default, in order to ascertain and assess the
plaintiff's damages, where they can not readily be
ascertained by mere calculation. --Burrill.
Syn: Interrogation; interrogatory; question; query; scrutiny;
investigation; research; examination.
Inquisible \In*quis"i*ble\, a.
Admitting judicial inquiry. [Obs.] --Sir M. Hale.
Inquisition \In`qui*si"tion\, n. [L. inquisitio : cf. F.
inquisition. See {Inquire}, and cf. {Inquest}.]
1. The act of inquiring; inquiry; search; examination;
inspection; investigation.
As I could learn through earnest inquisition.
--Latimer.
Let not search and inquisition quail To bring again
these foolish runaways. --Shak.
2. (Law)
(a) Judicial inquiry; official examination; inquest.
(b) The finding of a jury, especially such a finding under
a writ of inquiry. --Bouvier.
The justices in eyre had it formerly in charge
to make inquisition concerning them by a jury of
the county. --Blackstone.
3. (R. C. Ch.) A court or tribunal for the examination and
punishment of heretics, fully established by Pope Gregory
IX. in 1235. Its operations were chiefly confined to
Spain, Portugal, and their dependencies, and a part of
Italy.
Inquisition \In`qui*si"tion\, v. t.
To make inquisistion concerning; to inquire into. [Obs.]
--Milton.
Inquisitional \In`qui*si"tion*al\, a. [LL. inquisitionalis.]
Relating to inquiry or inquisition; inquisitorial; also, of
or pertaining to, or characteristic of, the Inquisition.
All the inquisitional rigor . . . executed upon books.
--Milton.
Inquisitionary \In`qui*si"tion*a*ry\,, a. [Cf. F.
inquisitionnaire.] [R.]
Inquisitional.
Inquisitive \In*quis"i*tive\, a. [OE. inquisitif, F.
inquisitif.]
1. Disposed to ask questions, especially in matters which do
not concern the inquirer.
A wise man is not inquisitive about things
impertinent. --Broome.
2. Given to examination, investigation, or research;
searching; curious.
A young, inquisitive, and sprightly genius. --I.
Watts.
Syn: Inquiring; prying; curious; meddling; intrusive.
Usage: {Inquisitive}, {Curious}, {Prying}. Curious denotes a
feeling, and inquisitive a habit. We are curious when
we desire to learn something new; we are inquisitive
when we set ourselves to gain it by inquiry or
research. Prying implies inquisitiveness, and is more
commonly used in a bad sense, as indicating a desire
to penetrate into the secrets of others.
[We] curious are to hear, What happens new.
--Milton.
This folio of four pages [a newspaper], happy
work! Which not even critics criticise; that
holds Inquisitive attention, while I read.
--Cowper.
Nor need we with a prying eye survey The distant
skies, to find the Milky Way. --Creech.
Inquisitive \In*quis"i*tive\, n.
A person who is inquisitive; one curious in research. --Sir
W. Temple.
Inquisitively \In*quis"i*tive*ly\, adv.
In an inquisitive manner.
The occasion that made him afterwards so inquisitively
apply himself to the study of physic. --Boyle.
Inquisitiveness \In*quis"i*tive*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being inquisitive; the disposition to
seek explanation and information; curiosity to learn what is
unknown; esp., uncontrolled and impertinent curiosity.
Mr. Boswell, whose inquisitiveness is seconded by great
activity, scrambled in at a high window. --Johnson.
Curiosity in children nature has provided, to remove
that ignorance they were born with; which, without this
busy inquisitiveness, will make them dull. --Locke.
Inquisitor \In*quis"i*tor\, n. [L.: cf. F. inquisiteur. See
{Inquire}.]
1. An inquisitive person; one fond of asking questions. [R.]
``Inquisitors are tatlers.'' --Feltham.
2. (Law) One whose official duty it is to examine and
inquire, as coroners, sheriffs, etc. --Mozley & W.
3. (R.C.Ch.) A member of the Court of Inquisition.
Inquisitorial \In*quis`i*to"ri*al\, a. [Cf. F. inquisitorial.]
1. Pertaining to inquisition; making rigorous and unfriendly
inquiry; searching; as, inquisitorial power. ``Illiberal
and inquisitorial abuse.'' --F. Blackburne.
He conferred on it a kind of inquisitorial and
censorious power even over the laity, and directed
it to inquire into all matters of conscience.
--Hume.
2. Pertaining to the Court of Inquisition or resembling its
practices. ``Inquisitorial robes.'' --C. Buchanan.
Inquisitorially \In*quis`i*to"ri*al*ly\, adv.
In an inquisitorial manner.
Inquisitorious \In*quis`i*to"ri*ous\, a.
Making strict inquiry; inquisitorial. [Obs.] --Milton.
Inquisiturient \In*quis`i*tu"ri*ent\, a.
Inquisitorial. [Obs.] ``Our inquisiturient bishops.''
--Milton.
Inracinate \In*rac"i*nate\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + F. racine
root: cf. F. enraciner.]
To enroot or implant.
Inrail \In*rail"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inrailed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inrailing}.]
To rail in; to inclose or surround, as with rails. --Hooker.
Inregister \In*reg"is*ter\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inreristered};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Inregistering}.] [Pref. in- in + register:
cf. F. enregistrer. Cf. {Enregister}.]
To register; to enter, as in a register. [R.] --Walsh.
Inroad \In"road`\, n.
The entrance of an enemy into a country with purposes of
hostility; a sudden or desultory incursion or invasion; raid;
encroachment.
The loss of Shrewsbury exposed all North Wales to the
daily inroads of the enemy. --Clarendon.
With perpetual inroads to alarm, Though inaccessible,
his fatal throne. --Milton.
Syn: Invasion; incursion; irruption. See {Invasion}.
Inroad \In*road"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inroaded}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inroading}.]
To make an inroad into; to invade. [Obs.]
The Saracens . . . conquered Spain, inroaded Aquitaine.
--Fuller.
Inroll \In*roll"\, v. t.
See {Enroll}.
Inrunning \In"run`ning\, n.
The act or the place of entrance; an inlet. --Tennyson.
Inrush \In"rush`\, n.
A rush inwards; as, the inrush of the tide. --G. Eliot.
Inrush \In*rush"\, v. i.
To rush in. [Obs.] --Holland.
Insabbatati \In*sab`ba*ta"ti\, n. pl. [LL. Insabatati. See 1st
{In-}, and {Sabot}.]
The Waldenses; -- so called from their peculiary cut or
marked sabots, or shoes.
Insafety \In*safe"ty\, n.
Insecurity; danger. [Obs.]
Insalivation \In*sal`i*va"tion\, n. (Physiol.)
The mixing of the food with the saliva and other secretions
of the mouth in eating.
Insalubrious \In`sa*lu"bri*ous\, a. [Pref. in- not + salubrious:
cf. L. insalubris, F. insalubre.]
Not salubrious or healthful; unwholesome; as, an insalubrious
air or climate.
Insalubrity \In`sa*lu"bri*ty\, n. [Cf.F. insalubrite.]
Unhealthfulness; unwholesomeness; as, the insalubrity of air,
water, or climate. --Boyle.
Insalutary \In*sal"u*ta*ry\, a. [L. insaluteris : cf. F.
insalutaire. See {In-} not, and {Salutary}.]
1. Not salutary or wholesome; unfavorable to health.
2. Not tending to safety; productive of evil.
Insanability \In*san`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state of being insanable or incurable; insanableness.
Insanable \In*san"a*ble\, a. [L. insanabilis; cf. OF. insanable.
See {In-} not, and {Sanable}.]
Not capable of being healed; incurable; irremediable.
Insanableness \In*san"a*ble*ness\, n.
The state of being insanable; insanability; incurableness.
Insanably \In*san"a*bly\, adv.
In an incurable manner.
Insane \In*sane"\, a. [L. insanus. See {In-} not, and {Sane}.]
1. Exhibiting unsoundness or disorded of mind; not sane; mad;
deranged in mind; delirious; distracted. See {Insanity},
2.
2. Used by, or appropriated to, insane persons; as, an insane
hospital.
3. Causing insanity or madness. [R.]
Or have we eaten on the insaneroot That takes the
reason prisoner ? --Shak.
4. Characterized by insanity or the utmost folly; chimerical;
unpractical; as, an insane plan, attempt, etc.
I know not which was the insane measure. --Southey.
Insanely \In*sane"ly\, adv.
Without reason; madly; foolishly.
Insaneness \In*sane"ness\, n.
Insanity; madness.
Insaniate \In*sa"ni*ate\, v. t.
To render unsound; to make mad. [Obs.] --Feltham.
Insanie \In*sa"nie\, n.
Insanity. [Obs.] --Shak.
Insanitary \In*san"i*ta*ry\, a.
Not sanitary; unhealthy; as, insanitary conditions of
drainage.
Insanitation \In*san`i*ta"tion\, n.
Lack of sanitation; careless or dangerous hygienic
conditions.
Insanity \In*san"i*ty\, n. [L. insanitas unsoundness; cf.
insania insanity, F. insanite.]
1. The state of being insane; unsoundness or derangement of
mind; madness; lunacy.
All power of fancy overreason is a degree of
insanity. --Johnson.
Without grace The heart's insanity admits no cure.
--Cowper.
2. (Law) Such a mental condition, as, either from the
existence of delusions, or from incapacity to distinguish
between right and wrong, with regard to any matter under
action, does away with individual responsibility.
Syn: Syn>- {Insanity}, {Lunacy}, {Madness}, {Derangement},
{Aliention}, {Aberration}, {Mania}, {Delirium},
{Frenzy}, {Monomania}, {Dementia}.
Usage: Insanity is the generic term for all such diseases;
lunacy has now an equal extent of meaning, though once
used to denote periodical insanity; madness has the
same extent, though originally referring to the rage
created by the disease; derangement, alienation, are
popular terms for insanity; delirium, mania, and
frenzy denote excited states of the disease; dementia
denotes the loss of mental power by this means;
monomania is insanity upon a single subject.
Insapory \In*sa"po*ry\, a. [Pref. in- not + sapor.]
Tasteless; unsavory. [R.] --Sir T. Herbert.
Insatiability \In*sa`tia*bil"i*ty\, n., [L. insatiabilitas; cf.
F. insatiabilite.]
The state or quality of being insatiable; insatiableness.
Eagerness for increase of possession deluges the soul,
and we sink into the gulfs of insatiability. --Rambler.
Insatiable \In*sa"tia*ble\, a. [F. insatiable, L. ionsatiabilis.
See {In-} not, and {Satiable}.]
Not satiable; incapable of being satisfied or appeased; very
greedy; as, an insatiable appetite, thirst, or desire.
``Insatiable of glory.'' --Milton.
Insatiableness \In*sa"tia*ble*ness\, n.
Greediness of appetite that can not be satisfied or appeased;
insatiability.
The eye of the covetous hath a more particular
insatiableness. --Bp. Hall.
Insatiably \In*sa"tia*bly\, adv.
In an insatiable manner or degree; unappeasably. ``Insatiably
covetous.'' --South.
Insatiate \In*sa"ti*ate\, a. [L. insatiatus.]
Insatiable; as, insatiate thirst.
The insatiate greediness of his desires. --Shak.
And still insatiate, thirsting still for blood. --Hook.
Insatiately \In*sa"ti*ate*ly\, adv.
Insatiably. --Sir T. Herbert.
Insatiateness \In*sa"ti*ate*ness\, n.
The state of being insatiate.
Insatiety \In`sa*ti"e*ty\, n. [L. insatietas: cf. F. insatiete.
See {Satiety}.]
Insatiableness. --T. Grander.
Insatisfaction \In*sat`is*fac"tion\, n.
1. Insufficiency; emptiness. [Obs.] --Bacon.
2. Dissatisfaction. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Insaturable \In*sat"u*ra*ble\, a. [L. insaturabilis: cf. F.
insaturable. See {In-} not, and {Saturable}.]
Not capable of being saturated or satisfied.
Inscience \In"science\, n. [L. inscientia: cf.F. inscience.]
Want of knowledge; ignorance. [Obs.]
Inscient \In"scient\, a. [L. insciens, -entis, ignorant. See
{In-} not, and {Scient}, {Science}.]
Having little or no knowledge; ignorant; stupid; silly. [R.]
--N. Bacon.
Inscient \In"scient\, a. [Pref. in- in + L. sciens knowing.]
Having knowledge or insight; intelligent. [R.]
Gaze on, with inscient vision, toward the sun. --Mrs.
Browning.
Insconce \In*sconce"\, v. t.
See {Ensconce}.
Inscribable \In*scrib"a*ble\, a.
Capable of being inscribed, -- used specif. (Math.) of solids
or plane figures capable of being inscribed in other solids
or figures.
Inscribableness \In*scrib"a*ble*ness\, n.
Quality of being inscribable.
Inscribe \In*scribe"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inscribed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inscribing}.] [L. inscribere. See 1st {In-}, and
{Scribe}.]
1. To write or engrave; to mark down as something to be read;
to imprint.
Inscribe a verse on this relenting stone. --Pope.
2. To mark with letters, charakters, or words.
O let thy once lov'd friend inscribe thy stone.
--Pope.
3. To assign or address to; to commend to by a shot address;
to dedicate informally; as, to inscribe an ode to a
friend. --Dryden.
4. To imprint deeply; to impress; to stamp; as, to inscribe a
sentence on the memory.
5. (Geom.) To draw within so as to meet yet not cut the
boundaries.
Note: A line is inscribed in a circle, or in a sphere, when
its two ends are in the circumference of the circle, or
in the surface of the sphere. A triangle is inscribed
in another triangle, when the three angles of the
former are severally on the three sides of the latter.
A circle is inscribed in a polygon, when it touches
each side of the polygon. A sphere is inscribed in a
polyhedron, when the sphere touches each boundary plane
of the polyhedron. The latter figure in each case is
circumscribed about the former.
Inscriber \In*scrib"er\, n.
One who inscribes. --Pownall.
Inscriptible \In*scrip"ti*ble\, a.
Capable of being inscribed; inscribable.
Inscription \In*scrip"tion\, n. [L. inscriptio, fr. inscribere,
inscriptum, to inscribe: cf. F. inscription. See {Inscribe}.]
1. The act or process of inscribing.
2. That which is inscribed; something written or engraved;
especially, a word or words written or engraved on a solid
substance for preservation or public inspection; as,
inscriptions on monuments, pillars, coins, medals, etc.
3. (Anat.) A line of division or intersection; as, the
tendinous inscriptions, or intersections, of a muscle.
4. An address, consignment, or informal dedication, as of a
book to a person, as a mark of respect or an invitation of
patronage.
Inscriptive \In*scrip"tive\, a.
Bearing inscription; of the character or nature of an
inscription.
Inscroll \In*scroll"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inscrolled}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Inscrolling}.]
To write on a scroll; to record. [Written also {inscrol}.]
--Shak.
Inscrutability \In*scru`ta*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being inscrutable; inscrutableness.
Inscrutable \In*scru"ta*ble\, a. [L. inscrutabilis : cf. F.
inscrutable. See {In-} not, and {Scrutiny}.]
Unsearchable; incapable of being searched into and understood
by inquiry or study; impossible or difficult to be explained
or accounted for satisfactorily; obscure; incomprehensible;
as, an inscrutable design or event.
'T is not in man To yield a reason for the will of
Heaven Which is inscrutable. --Beau. & Fl.
Waiving a question so inscrutable as this. --De
Quincey.
Inscrutableness \In*scru"ta*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being inscrutable; inscrutability.
Inscrutably \In*scru"ta*bly\, adv.
In an inscrutable manner.
Insculp \In*sculp"\, v. t. [L. insculpere: cf. F. insculper. See
1st {In-}, and {Sculptor}.]
To engrave; to carve; to sculpture. [Obs. & R.] --Shak.
Which he insculped in two likely stones. --Drayton.
Insculption \In*sculp"tion\, n.
Inscription. [Obs.]
Insculpture \In*sculp"ture\, n.
An engraving, carving, or inscription. [Obs.]
On his gravestone this insculpture. --Shak.
Insculptured \In*sculp"tured\, p. a.
Engraved. --Glover.
Inseam \In*seam"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inseamed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inseaming}.]
To impress or mark with a seam or cicatrix. --Pope.
Insearch \In*search"\, v. t.
To make search after; to investigate or examine; to ensearch.
[Obs.]
Insecable \In*sec"a*ble\, a. [L. insecabilis; pref. in- not +
secabilis that may be cut: cf. F. insecable.]
Incapable of being divided by cutting; indivisible.
Insect \In"sect\, n. [F. insecte, L. insectum, fr. insectus, p.
p. of insecare to cut in. See {Section}. The name was
originally given to certain small animals, whose bodies
appear cut in, or almost divided. Cf. {Entomology}.]
1. (Zo["o]l.) One of the Insecta; esp., one of the Hexapoda.
See {Insecta}.
Note: The hexapod insects pass through three stages during
their growth, viz., the larva, pupa, and imago or
adult, but in some of the orders the larva differs
little from the imago, except in lacking wings, and the
active pupa is very much like the larva, except in
having rudiments of wings. In the higher orders, the
larva is usually a grub, maggot, or caterpillar,
totally unlike the adult, while the pupa is very
different from both larva and imago and is inactive,
taking no food.
2. (Zo["o]l.) Any air-breathing arthropod, as a spider or
scorpion.
3. (Zo["o]l.) Any small crustacean. In a wider sense, the
word is often loosely applied to various small
invertebrates.
4. Fig.: Any small, trivial, or contemptible person or thing.
--Thomson.
{Insect powder},a powder used for the extermination of
insects; esp., the powdered flowers of certain species of
{Pyrethrum}, a genus now merged in {Chrysanthemum}. Called
also {Persian powder}.
Insect \In"sect\, a.
1. Of or pertaining to an insect or insects.
2. Like an insect; small; mean; ephemeral.
Insecta \In*sec"ta\, n. pl. [NL. See {Insect}.]
1. (Zo["o]l.) One of the classes of Arthropoda, including
those that have one pair of antenn[ae], three pairs of
mouth organs, and breathe air by means of trache[ae],
opening by spiracles along the sides of the body. In this
sense it includes the Hexapoda, or six-legged insects and
the Myriapoda, with numerous legs. See {Insect}, n.
2. (Zo["o]l.) In a more restricted sense, the Hexapoda alone.
See {Hexapoda}.
3. (Zo["o]l.) In the most general sense, the Hexapoda,
Myriapoda, and Arachnoidea, combined.
Note: The typical Insecta, or hexapod insects, are divided
into several orders, viz.: {Hymenoptera}, as the bees
and ants; {Diptera}, as the common flies and gnats;
{Aphaniptera}, or fleas; {Lepidoptera}, or moths and
butterflies; {Neuroptera}, as the ant-lions and
hellgamite; {Coleoptera}, or beetles; {Hemiptera}, as
bugs, lice, aphids; {Orthoptera}, as grasshoppers and
cockroaches; {Pseudoneuroptera}, as the dragon flies
and termites; {Euplexoptera}, or earwings; {Thysanura},
as the springtails, podura, and lepisma. See these
words in the Vocabulary.
Insectary \In"sec*ta*ry\, n.
A place for keeping living insects. -- {In`sec*ta"ri*um}, n.
[L.]
Insectation \In`sec*ta"tion\, n. [L. insectatio. See
{Insectator}.]
The act of pursuing; pursuit; harassment; persecution. [Obs.]
--Sir T. More.
Insectator \In`sec*ta"tor\, n. [L., fr. insectari to pursue,
freq. fr. insequi. See {Ensue}.]
A pursuer; a persecutor; a censorious critic. [Obs.]
--Bailey.
Insected \In"sect*ed\, a.
Pertaining to, having the nature of, or resembling, an
insect. --Howell.
Insecticide \In*sec"ti*cide\, n. [Insect + L. caedere to kill.]
An agent or preparation for destroying insects; an insect
powder. -- {In*sec"ti*ci`dal}, a.
Insectile \In*sec"tile\, a.
Pertaining to, or having the nature of, insects. --Bacon.
Insection \In*sec"tion\, n. [See {Insect}.]
A cutting in; incisure; incision.
Insectivora \In`sec*tiv"o*ra\, n. pl. [NL., from L. insectum an
insect + vorare to devour.] (Zo["o]l.)
1. An order of mammals which feed principally upon insects.
Note: They are mostly of small size, and their molar teeth
have sharp cusps. Most of the species burrow in the
earth, and many of those of cold climates hibernate in
winter. The order includes the moles, shrews,
hedgehogs, tanrecs, and allied animals, also the
colugo.
2. A division of the Cheiroptera, including the common or
insect-eating bats.
Insectivore \In*sec"ti*vore\, n.; pl. {Insectivores} (-v[=o]rz).
[F.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the Insectivora.
Insectivorous \In`sec*tiv"o*rous\, a. [See {Insectivora}.]
Feeding or subsisting on insects; carnivorous. The term is
applied:
(a) to plants which have some special adaptation for catching
and digesting insects, as the sundew, Venus's flytrap,
Sarracenia, etc.
(b) to the Insectivora, and to many bats, birds, and
reptiles.
Insectologer \In`sec*tol"o*ger\, n.
An entomologist. [Obs.]
Insectology \In`sec*tol"o*gy\, n. [Insect + -logy: cf. F.
insectologie.]
Entomology. [Obs.]
Insecure \In`se*cure"\, a.
1. Not secure; not confident of safety or permanence;
distrustful; suspicious; apprehensive of danger or loss.
With sorrow and insecure apprehensions. --Jer.
Taylor.
2. Not effectually guarded, protected, or sustained; unsafe;
unstable; exposed to danger or loss. --Bp. Hurg.
The trade with Egypt was exceedingly insecure and
precarious. --Mickle.
Insecurely \In`se*cure"ly\, adv.
In an insecure manner.
Insecureness \In`se*cure"ness\, n.
Insecurity.
Insecurity \In`se*cu"ri*ty\, n.; pl. {Insecurities}. [Pref. in-
not + security : cf. LL. insecuritas, F. insecurite.]
1. The condition or quality of being insecure; want of
safety; danger; hazard; as, the insecurity of a building
liable to fire; insecurity of a debt.
2. The state of feeling insecure; uncertainty; want of
confidence.
With what insecurity of truth we ascribe effects . .
. unto arbitrary calculations. --Sir T.
Browne.
A time of insecurity, when interests of all sorts
become objects of speculation. --Burke.
Insecution \In`se*cu"tion\, n. [L. insecutio, fr. insequi p. p.
insecutus. See {Ensue}.]
A following after; close pursuit. [Obs.] --Chapman.
Inseminate \In*sem"i*nate\, v. t. [L. inseminatus, p. p. of
inseminare to sow. See {Seminate}.]
To sow; to impregnate. [Obs.]
Insemination \In*sem`i*na"tion\, n.
A sowing. [Obs.]
Insensate \In*sen"sate\, a. [L. insensatus. See {In-} not, and
{Sensate}.]
Wanting sensibility; destitute of sense; stupid; foolish.
The silence and the calm Of mute, insensate things.
--Wordsworth.
The meddling folly or insensate ambition of statesmen.
--Buckle.
-- {In*sen"sate*ly}, adv. -- {In*sen"sate*ness}, n.
Insense \In*sense"\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + sense.]
To make to understand; to instruct. [Prov. Eng.] --Halliwell.
Insensibility \In*sen`si*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
insensibilit['e].]
1. The state or quality of being insensible; want of
sensibility; torpor; unconsciousness; as, the
insensibility produced by a fall, or by opiates.
2. Want of tenderness or susceptibility of emotion or
passion; dullness; stupidity.
Syn: Dullness; numbness; unfeelingness; stupidity; torpor;
apathy; impassiveness; indifference.
Insensible \In*sen"si*ble\, a. [L. insensibilis: cf. F.
insensible. See {In-} not, and {Sensible}.]
1. Destitute of the power of feeling or perceiving; wanting
bodily sensibility. --Milton.
2. Not susceptible of emotion or passion; void of feeling;
apathetic; unconcerned; indifferent; as, insensible to
danger, fear, love, etc.; -- often used with of or to.
Accept an obligation without being a slave to the
giver, or insensible to his kindness. --Sir H.
Wotton.
Lost in their loves, insensible of shame. --Dryden.
3. Incapable of being perceived by the senses; imperceptible.
Hence: Progressing by imperceptible degrees; slow;
gradual; as, insensible motion.
Two small and almost insensible pricks were found
upon Cleopatra's arm. --Sir T.
Browne.
They fall away, And languish with insensible decay.
--Dryden.
4. Not sensible or reasonable; meaningless. [Obs.]
If it make the indictment be insensible or
uncertain, it shall be quashed. --Sir M. Hale.
Syn: Imperceptible; imperceivable; dull; stupid; torpid;
numb; unfeeling; apathetic; stoical; impassive;
indifferent; unsusceptible; hard; callous.
Insensibleness \In*sen"si*ble*ness\, n.
Insensibility. --Bp. Hall.
Insensibly \In*sen"si*bly\, adv.
In a manner not to be felt or perceived; imperceptibly;
gradually.
The hills rise insensibly. --Addison.
Insensitive \In*sen"si*tive\, a.
Not sensitive; wanting sensation, or wanting acute
sensibility. --Tillotson. Ruskin.
Insensuous \In*sen"su*ous\, a. [Pref. in- not + sensuous.]
Not sensuous; not pertaining to, affecting, or addressing,
the senses.
That intermediate door Betwixt the different planes of
sensuous form And form insensuous. --Mrs.
Browning.
Insentiment \In*sen"ti*ment\, a.
Not sentient; not having perception, or the power of
perception.
The . . . attributes of an insentient, inert substance.
--Reid.
But there can be nothing like to this sensation in the
rose, because it is insentient. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
Inseparability \In*sep`a*ra*bil"i*ty\, n. [L. inseparabilitas:
cf. F. ins['e]parabilit['e].]
The quality or state of being inseparable; inseparableness.
--Locke.
Inseparable \In*sep"a*ra*ble\, a. [L. inseparabilis: cf. F.
ins['e]parable. See {In-}, and {Separable}.]
1. Not separable; incapable of being separated or disjoined.
The history of every language is inseparable from
that of the people by whom it is spoken. --Mure.
Liberty and union, now and forever, one and
inseparable. --D. Webster.
2. (Gram.) Invariably attached to some word, stem, or root;
as, the inseparable particle un-.
Inseparableness \In*sep"a*ra*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being inseparable; inseparability.
--Bp. Burnet.
Inseparably \In*sep"a*ra*bly\, adv.
In an inseparable manner or condition; so as not to be
separable. --Bacon.
And cleaves through life inseparably close. --Cowper.
Inseparate \In*sep"a*rate\, a. [L. inseparatus. See {In-} not,
and {Separate}.]
Not separate; together; united. --Shak.
Inseparately \In*sep"a*rate*ly\, adv.
Inseparably. [Obs.] --Cranmer.
Insert \In*sert"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inserted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inserting}.] [L. insertus, p. p. of inserere to insert;
pref. in- in + serere to join, connect. See {Series}.]
To set within something; to put or thrust in; to introduce;
to cause to enter, or be included, or contained; as, to
insert a scion in a stock; to insert a letter, word, or
passage in a composition; to insert an advertisement in a
newspaper.
These words were very weakly inserted where they will
be so liable to misconstruction. --Bp.
Stillingfleet.
Inserted \In*sert"ed\, a. (Bot.)
Situated upon, attached to, or growing out of, some part; --
said especially of the parts of the flower; as, the calyx,
corolla, and stamens of many flowers are inserted upon the
receptacle. --Gray.
Inserting \In*sert"ing\, n.
1. A setting in.
2. Something inserted or set in, as lace, etc., in garments.
[R.]
Insertion \In*ser"tion\, n. [L. insertio: cf. F. insertion. See
{Insert}.]
1. The act of inserting; as, the insertion of scions in
stocks; the insertion of words or passages in writings.
2. The condition or mode of being inserted or attached; as,
the insertion of stamens in a calyx.
3. That which is set in or inserted, especially a narrow
strip of embroidered lace, muslin, or cambric.
4. (Anat.) The point or part by which a muscle or tendon is
attached to the part to be moved; -- in contradistinction
to its origin.
{Epigynous insertion} (Bot.), the insertion of stamens upon
the ovary.
{Hypogynous insertion} (Bot.), insertion beneath the ovary.
Inserve \In*serve"\, v. i. [L. inservire; in- in + servire to
serve.]
To be of use to an end; to serve. [Obs.]
Inservient \In*serv"i*ent\, a. [L. inserviens, p. pr. of
inservire.]
Conducive; instrumental. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Insession \In*ses"sion\, n. [L. insessio, fr. insidere,
insessum, to sit in. See {Insidious}.]
1. The act of sitting, as in a tub or bath. ``Used by way of
fomentation, insession, or bath.'' [R.] --Holland.
2. That in which one sits, as a bathing tub. [R.]
Insessions be bathing tubs half full. --Holland.
Insessor \In*ses"sor\, n.; pl. {Insessores}. [See {Insessores}.]
(Zo["o]l.)
One of the Insessores. The group includes most of the common
singing birds.
Insessores \In`ses*so"res\, n. pl. [NL., fr. L. insessor, lit.,
one who sits down, fr. incidere. See {Insession}.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of birds, formerly established to include the
perching birds, but now generally regarded as an artificial
group.
Insessorial \In`ses*so"ri*al\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
1. Pertaining to, or having the character of, perching birds.
2. Belonging or pertaining to the Insessores.
Inset \In*set"\, v. t.
To infix. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Inset \In"set\, n.
1. That which is inserted or set in; an insertion.
2. (Bookbinding) One or more separate leaves inserted in a
volume before binding; as:
(a) A portion of the printed sheet in certain sizes of
books which is cut off before folding, and set into
the middle of the folded sheet to complete the
succession of paging; -- also called offcut.
(b) A page or pages of advertisements inserted.
Inseverable \In*sev"er*a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being severed; indivisible; inseparable. --De
Quincey.
Inshaded \In*shad"ed\, a.
Marked with different shades. --W. Browne.
Inshave \In"shave`\, n. (Mech.)
A plane for shaving or dressing the concave or inside faces
of barrel staves.
Insheathe \In*sheathe"\, v. t.
To insert as in a sheath; to sheathe. --Hughes.
Inshell \In*shell"\, v. t.
To hide in a shell. [Obs.] --Shak.
Inship \In*ship"\, v. t.
To embark. [Obs.] --Shak.
Inshore \In"shore`\, a.
Being near or moving towards the shore; as, inshore
fisheries; inshore currents. -- adv. Towards the shore; as,
the boat was headed inshore.
Inshrine \In*shrine"\, v. t.
See {Enshrine}.
Insiccation \In`sic*ca"tion\, n.
The act or process of drying in.
Inside \In"side`\, prep. or adv.
Within the sides of; in the interior; contained within; as,
inside a house, book, bottle, etc.
Inside \In"side`\, a.
1. Being within; included or inclosed in anything; contained;
interior; internal; as, the inside passengers of a
stagecoach; inside decoration.
Kissing with inside lip. --Shak.
2. Adapted to the interior.
{Inside callipers} (Mech.), callipers for measuring the
diameters of holes, etc.
{Inside finish} (Arch.), a general term for the final work in
any building necessary for its completion, but other than
unusual decoration; thus, in joiner work, the doors and
windows, inside shutters, door and window trimmings,
paneled jams, baseboards, and sometimes flooring and
stairs; in plaster work, the finishing coat, the cornices,
centerpieces, etc.,; in painting, all simple painting of
woodwork and plastering.
{Inside track}, the inner part of a race course; hence,
colloquially, advantage of place, facilities, etc., in
competition.
Inside \In"side`\, n.
1. The part within; interior or internal portion; content.
Looked he o' the inside of the paper? --Shak.
2. pl. The inward parts; entrails; bowels; hence, that which
is within; private thoughts and feelings.
Here's none but friends; we may speak Our insides
freely. --Massinger.
3. An inside passenger of a coach or carriage, as
distinguished from one upon the outside. [Colloq. Eng.]
So down thy hill, romantic Ashbourne, glides The
Derby dilly, carrying three insides. --Anti-Jacobin.
{Patent insides} or {outside}, a name give to newspaper
sheets printed on one side with general and miscellaneous
matter, and furnished wholesale to offices of small
newspapers, where the blank pages are filled up with
recent and local news.
Insidiate \In*sid"i*ate\, v. t. [L. insidiatus, p. p. of
insidiare to lie in ambush, fr. insidiae. See {Insidious}.]
To lie in ambush for. [Obs.] --Heywood.
Insidiator \In*sid"i*a`tor\, n. [L.]
One who lies in ambush. [Obs.] --Barrow.
Insidious \In*sid"i*ous\, a. [L. insidiosus, fr. insidiae an
ambush, fr. insidere to sit in; pref. in- + sedere to sit:
cf. F. insidieux. See {Sit}.]
1. Lying in wait; watching an opportunity to insnare or
entrap; deceitful; sly; treacherous; -- said of persons;
as, the insidious foe. ``The insidious witch.'' --Cowper.
2. Intended to entrap; characterized by treachery and deceit;
as, insidious arts.
The insidious whisper of the bad angel. --Hawthorne.
{Insidious disease} (Med.), a disease existing, without
marked symptoms, but ready to become active upon some
slight occasion; a disease not appearing to be as bad as
it really is.
Syn: Crafty; wily; artful; sly; designing; guileful;
circumventive; treacherous; deceitful; deceptive. --
{In*sid"i*ous*ly}, adv. -- {In*sid"i*ous*ness}, n.
Insight \In"sight`\, n.
1. A sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep
inspection or view; introspection; -- frequently used with
into.
He had an insight into almost all the secrets of
state. --Jortin.
2. Power of acute observation and deduction; penetration;
discernment; perception.
Quickest insight In all things that to greatest
actions lead. --Milton.
Insignia \In*sig"ni*a\, n. pl. [L. insigne, pl. insignia, fr.
insignis distinguished by a mark; pref. in- in + signum a
mark, sign. See {Ensign}, {Sign}.]
1. Distinguishing marks of authority, office, or honor;
badges; tokens; decorations; as, the insignia of royalty
or of an order.
2. Typical and characteristic marks or signs, by which
anything is known or distinguished; as, the insignia of a
trade.
Insignificance \In`sig*nif"i*cance\, n.
1. The condition or quality of being insignificant; want of
significance, sense, or meaning; as, the insignificance of
words or phrases.
2. Want of force or effect; unimportance; pettiness;
inefficacy; as, the insignificance of human art.
3. Want of claim to consideration or notice; want of
influence or standing; meanness.
Reduce him, from being the first person in the
nation, to a state of insignificance. --Beattie.
Insignificancy \In`sig*nif"i*can*cy\, n.
Insignificance.
Insignificant \In`sig*nif"i*cant\, a.
1. Not significant; void of signification, sense, or import;
meaningless; as, insignificant words.
2. Having no weight or effect; answering no purpose;
unimportant; valueless; futile.
Laws must be insignificant without the sanction of
rewards and punishments. --Bp. Wilkins.
3. Without weight of character or social standing; mean;
contemptible; as, an insignificant person.
Syn: Unimportant; immaterial; inconsiderable; small;
inferior; trivial; mean; contemptible.
Insignificantly \In`sig*nif"i*cant*ly\, adv.
without significance, importance, or effect; to no purpose.
``Anger insignificantly fierce.'' --Cowper.
Insignificative \In`sig*nif"i*ca*tive\, a. [L. insignificativus.
See {In-} not, and {Significative}.]
Not expressing meaning; not significant.
Insignment \In*sign"ment\, n. [See {Insignia}.]
A token, mark, or explanation. [Obs.] --Sir T. Elyot.
Insimulate \In*sim"u*late\, v. t. [L. insimulatus, p. p. of
insimulare to accuse.]
To accuse. [Obs.] --Donne.
Insincere \In`sin*cere"\, a. [L. insincerus. See {In-} not, and
{Sincere}.]
1. Not being in truth what one appears to be; not sincere;
dissembling; hypocritical; disingenuous; deceitful; false;
-- said of persons; also of speech, thought; etc.; as,
insincere declarations.
2. Disappointing; imperfect; unsound. [Obs.]
To render sleep's soft blessings insincere. --Pope.
Syn: Dissembling; hollow; hypocritical; deceptive deceitful;
false; disingenuous; untrustworthy.
Insincerely \In`sin*cere"ly\, adv.
Without sincerity.
Insincerity \In`sin*cer"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. insinc['e]rit['e].]
The quality of being insincere; want of sincerity, or of
being in reality what one appears to be; dissimulation;
hypocritical; deceitfulness; hollowness; untrustworthiness;
as, the insincerity of a professed friend; the insincerity of
professions of regard.
What men call policy and knowledge of the world, is
commonly no other thing than dissimulation and
insincerity. --Blair.
Insinew \In*sin"ew\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Insinewed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Insinewing}.]
To strengthen, as with sinews; to invigorate. [Obs.]
All members of our cause, . . . That are insinewed to
this action. --Shak.
Insinuant \In*sin"u*ant\, a. [L. insinuans, p. pr.: cf. F.
insinuant.]
Insinuating; insinuative. [Obs.]
Insinuate \In*sin"u*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Insinuated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Insinuating}.] [L. insinuatus, p. p. of
insinuareto insinuate; pref. in- in + sinus the bosom. See
{Sinuous}.]
1. To introduce gently or slowly, as by a winding or narrow
passage, or a gentle, persistent movement.
The water easily insinuates itself into, and
placidly distends, the vessels of vegetables.
--Woodward.
2. To introduce artfully; to infuse gently; to instill.
All the art of rhetoric, besides order and
clearness, are for nothing else but to insinuate
wrong ideas, move the passions, and thereby mislead
the judgment. --Locke.
Horace laughs to shame all follies and insinuates
virtue, rather by familiar examples than by the
severity of precepts. --Dryden.
3. To hint; to suggest by remote allusion; -- often used
derogatorily; as, did you mean to insinuate anything?
4. To push or work (one's self), as into favor; to introduce
by slow, gentle, or artful means; to ingratiate; -- used
reflexively.
He insinuated himself into the very good grace of
the Duke of Buckingham. --Clarendon.
Syn: To instill; hint; suggest; intimate.
Insinuate \In*sin"u*ate\, v. i.
1. To creep, wind, or flow in; to enter gently, slowly, or
imperceptibly, as into crevices.
2. To ingratiate one's self; to obtain access or favor by
flattery or cunning.
He would insinuate with thee but to make thee sigh.
--Shak.
To insinuate, flatter, bow, and bend my limbs.
--Shak.
Insinuating \In*sin"u*a`ting\, a.
Winding, creeping, or flowing in, quietly or stealthily;
suggesting; winning favor and confidence insensibly.
--Milton.
His address was courteous, and even insinuating.
--Prescott.
Insinuatingly \In*sin"u*a`ting*ly\, adv.
By insinuation.
Insinuation \In*sin"u*a`tion\, n. [L. insinuatio: cf. F.
insinuation.]
1. The act or process of insinuating; a creeping, winding, or
flowing in.
By a soft insinuation mix'd With earth's large mass.
--Crashaw.
2. The act of gaining favor, affection, or influence, by
gentle or artful means; -- formerly used in a good sense,
as of friendly influence or interposition. --Sir H.
Wotton.
I hope through the insinuation of Lord Scarborough
to keep them here till further orders. --Lady
Cowper.
3. The art or power of gaining good will by a prepossessing
manner.
He bad a natural insinuation and address which made
him acceptable in the best company. --Clarendon.
4. That which is insinuated; a hint; a suggestion or
intimation by distant allusion; as, slander may be
conveyed by insinuations.
I scorn your coarse insinuation. --Cowper.
Syn: Hint; intimation; suggestion. See {Innuendo}.
Insinuative \In*sin"u*a*tive\, a. [Cf. F. insinuatif.]
1. Stealing on or into the confidence or affections; having
power to gain favor. ``Crafty, insinuative, plausible
men.'' --Bp. Reynolds.
2. Using insinuations; giving hints; insinuating; as,
insinuative remark.
Insinuator \In*sin"u*a`tor\, n. [L., an introducer.]
One who, or that which, insinuates. --De Foe.
Insinuatory \In*sin"u*a*to*ry\, a.
Insinuative.
Insipid \In*sip"id\, a. [L. insipidus; pref. in- not + sapidus
savory, fr. sapere to taste: cf. F. insipide. See {Savor}.]
1. Wanting in the qualities which affect the organs of taste;
without taste or savor; vapid; tasteless; as, insipid
drink or food. --Boyle.
2. Wanting in spirit, life, or animation; uninteresting;
weak; vapid; flat; dull; heavy; as, an insipid woman; an
insipid composition.
Flat, insipid, and ridiculous stuff to him. --South.
But his wit is faint, and his salt, if I may dare to
say so, almost insipid. --Dryden.
Syn: Tasteless; vapid; dull; spiritless; unanimated;
lifeless; flat; stale; pointless; uninteresting.
Insipidity \In`si*pid"i*ty\, Insipidness \In*sip"id*ness\, n.
[Cf. F. insipidit['e].]
The quality or state of being insipid; vapidity. ``Dryden's
lines shine strongly through the insipidity of Tate's.''
--Pope.
Insipidly \In*sip"id*ly\, adv.
In an insipid manner; without taste, life, or spirit; flatly.
--Locke. Sharp.
Insipience \In*sip"i*ence\, n. [L. insipientia: cf. OF.
insipience.]
Want of intelligence; stupidity; folly. [R.] --Blount.
Insipient \In*sip"i*ent\, a. [L. insipiens; pref. in- not +
sapiens wise.]
Wanting wisdom; stupid; foolish. [R.] --Clarendon. -- n. An
insipient person. [R.] --Fryth.
Insist \In*sist"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Insisted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Insisting}.] [F. insister, L. insistere to set foot upon,
follow, persist; pref. in- in + sistere to stand, cause to
stand. See {Stand}.]
1. To stand or rest; to find support; -- with in, on, or
upon. [R.] --Ray.
2. To take a stand and refuse to give way; to hold to
something firmly or determinedly; to be persistent,
urgent, or pressing; to persist in demanding; -- followed
by on, upon, or that; as, he insisted on these conditions;
he insisted on going at once; he insists that he must have
money.
Insisting on the old prerogative. --Shak.
Without further insisting on the different tempers
of Juvenal and Horace. --Dryden.
Syn: {Insist}, {Persist}.
Usage: Insist implies some alleged right, as authority or
claim. Persist may be from obstinacy alone, and either
with or against rights. We insist as against others;
we persist in what exclusively relates to ourselves;
as, he persisted in that course; he insisted on his
friend's adopting it. --C. J. Smith.
Insistence \In*sist"ence\, n.
The quality of insisting, or being urgent or pressing; the
act of dwelling upon as of special importance; persistence;
urgency.
Insistent \In*sist"ent\, a. [L. insistens, -entis, p. pr. of
insistere.]
1. Standing or resting on something; as, an insistent wall.
--Sir H. Wotton.
2. Insisting; persistent; persevering.
3. (Zo["o]l.) See {Incumbent}.
Insistently \In*sist"ent*ly\, adv.
In an insistent manner.
Insisture \In*sis"ture\ (?; 135), n.
A dwelling or standing on something; fixedness; persistence.
[Obs.] --Shak.
Insitency \In*si"ten*cy\, n. [Pref. in- not + L. sitiens, p. pr.
of sitire to be thirsty, fr. sitis thirst.]
Freedom from thirst. [Obs.]
The insitiency of a camel for traveling in deserts.
--Grew.
Insition \In*si"tion\ (?; 277), n. [L. insitio, fr. inserere,
insitum, to sow or plant in, to ingraft; pref. in- in +
serere, satum, to sow.]
The insertion of a scion in a stock; ingraftment. --Ray.
In situ \In` si"tu\ [L.]
In its natural position or place; -- said of a rock or
fossil, when found in the situation in which it was
originally formed or deposited.
Insnare \In*snare"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Insnared}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Insnaring}.] [Written also ensnare.]
1. To catch in a snare; to entrap; to take by artificial
means. ``Insnare a gudgeon.'' --Fenton.
2. To take by wiles, stratagem, or deceit; to involve in
difficulties or perplexities; to seduce by artifice; to
inveigle; to allure; to entangle.
The insnaring charms Of love's soft queen. --Glover.
Insnarer \In*snar"er\, n.
One who insnares.
Insnarl \In*snarl"\, v. t.
To make into a snarl or knot; to entangle; to snarl. [Obs.]
--Cotgrave.
Insobriety \In`so*bri"e*ty\, n. [Pref. in- not + ?obriety: cf.
F. insobri['e]t['e].]
Want of sobriety, moderation, or calmness; intemperance;
drunkenness.
Insociability \In*so`cia*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
insociabilit['e].]
The quality of being insociable; want of sociability;
unsociability. [R.] --Bp. Warburton.
Insociable \In*so"cia*ble\, a. [L. insociabilis: cf. F.
insociable. See {In-} not, and {Sociable}.]
1. Incapable of being associated, joined, or connected.
[Obs.]
Lime and wood are insociable. --Sir H.
Wotton.
2. Not sociable or companionable; disinclined to social
intercourse or conversation; unsociable; taciturn.
This austere insociable life. --Shak.
Insociably \In*so"cia*bly\, adv.
Unsociably.
Insociate \In*so"ci*ate\, a.
Not associate; without a companion; single; solitary;
recluse. [Obs.] ``The insociate virgin life.'' --B. Jonson.
Insolate \In"so*late\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Insolated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Insolating}.] [L. insolatus, p. p. of insolare to
expose to the sun; pref. in- in + sol the sun.]
To dry in, or to expose to, the sun's rays; to ripen or
prepare by such exposure. --Johnson.
Insolation \In`so*la"tion\, n. [L. insolatio: cf. F.
insolation.]
1. The act or process to exposing to the rays of the sun fro
the purpose of drying or maturing, as fruits, drugs, etc.,
or of rendering acid, as vinegar.
2. (Med.)
(a) A sunstroke.
(b) Exposure of a patient to the sun's rays; a sun bath.
Insole \In"sole`\, n.
The inside sole of a boot or shoe; also, a loose, thin strip
of leather, felt, etc., placed inside the shoe for warmth or
ease.
Insolence \In"so*lence\, n. [F. insolence, L. insolentia. See
{Insolent}.]
1. The quality of being unusual or novel. [Obs.] --Spenser.
2. The quality of being insolent; pride or haughtiness
manifested in contemptuous and overbearing treatment of
others; arrogant contempt; brutal impudence.
Flown with insolence and wine. --Milton.
3. Insolent conduct or treatment; insult.
Loaded with fetters and insolences from the
soldiers. --Fuller.
Insolence \In"so*lence\, v. t.
To insult. [Obs.] --Eikon Basilike.
Insolency \In"so*len*cy\, n.
Insolence. [R.] --Evelyn.
Insolent \In"so*lent\, a. [F. insolent, L. insolens, -entis,
pref. in- not + solens accustomed, p. pr. of solere to be
accustomed.]
1. Deviating from that which is customary; novel; strange;
unusual. [Obs.]
If one chance to derive any word from the Latin
which is insolent to their ears . . . they forth
with make a jest at it. --Pettie.
If any should accuse me of being new or insolent.
--Milton.
2. Haughty and contemptuous or brutal in behavior or
language; overbearing; domineering; grossly rude or
disrespectful; saucy; as, an insolent master; an insolent
servant. ``A paltry, insolent fellow.'' --Shak.
Insolent is he that despiseth in his judgment all
other folks as in regard of his value, of his
cunning, of his speaking, and of his bearing.
--Chaucer.
Can you not see? or will ye not observe . . . How
insolent of late he is become, How proud, how
peremptory? --Shak.
3. Proceeding from or characterized by insolence; insulting;
as, insolent words or behavior.
Their insolent triumph excited . . . indignation.
--Macaulay.
Syn: Overbearing; insulting; abusive; offensive; saucy;
impudent; audacious; pert; impertinent; rude;
reproachful; opprobrious.
Usage: {Insolent}, {Insulting}. Insolent, in its primitive
sense, simply denoted unusual; and to act insolently
was to act in violation of the established rules of
social intercourse. He who did this was insolent; and
thus the word became one of the most offensive in our
language, indicating gross disregard for the feelings
of others. Insulting denotes a personal attack, either
in words or actions, indicative either of scorn or
triumph. Compare {Impertinent}, {Affront},
{Impudence}.
Insolently \In"so*lent*ly\, adv.
In an insolent manner.
Insolidity \In`so*lid"i*ty\, n. [Pref. in- not + solidity: cf.
F. insolidit['e].]
Want of solidity; weakness; as, the insolidity of an
argument. [R.] --Dr. H. More.
Insolubility \In*sol`u*bil"i*ty\, n. [L. insolubilitas: cf. F.
insolubilit['e].]
1. The quality or state of being insoluble or not
dissolvable, as in a fluid.
2. The quality of being inexplicable or insolvable.
Insoluble \In*sol"u*ble\, a. [L. insolubilis indissoluble, that
can not be loosed: cf. F. insoluble. See {In-} not, and
{Soluble}, and cf. {Insolvable}.]
1. Not soluble; in capable or difficult of being dissolved,
as by a liquid; as, chalk is insoluble in water.
2. Not to be solved or explained; insolvable; as, an
insoluble doubt, question, or difficulty.
3. Strong. ``An insoluble wall.'' [Obs.] --Holland
Insolubleness \In*sol"u*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being insoluble; insolubility.
--Boyle.
Insolvable \In*solv"a*ble\, a.
1. Not solvable; insoluble; admitting no solution or
explanation; as, an insolvable problem or difficulty. --I.
Watts.
2. Incapable of being paid or discharged, as debts.
3. Not capable of being loosed or disentangled; inextricable.
``Bands insolvable.'' --Pope.
Insolvency \In*sol"ven*cy\, n.; pl. {Insolvencies}. (Law)
(a) The condition of being insolvent; the state or
condition of a person who is insolvent; the condition
of one who is unable to pay his debts as they fall
due, or in the usual course of trade and business; as,
a merchant's insolvency.
(b) Insufficiency to discharge all debts of the owner; as,
the insolvency of an estate.
{Act of insolvency}. See {Insolvent law} under {Insolvent},
a.
Insolvent \In*sol"vent\, a. [Pref. in- not + solvent: cf. OF.
insolvent.] (Law)
(a) Not solvent; not having sufficient estate to pay one's
debts; unable to pay one's debts as they fall due, in
the ordinary course of trade and business; as, in
insolvent debtor.
(b) Not sufficient to pay all the debts of the owner; as,
an insolvent estate.
(c) Relating to persons unable to pay their debts.
{Insolvent law}, or {Act of insolvency}, a law affording
relief, -- subject to various modifications in different
States, -- to insolvent debtors, upon their delivering up
their property for the benefit of their creditors. See
{Bankrupt law}, under {Bankrupt}, a.
Insolvent \In*sol"vent\, n. (Law)
One who is insolvent; as insolvent debtor; -- in England,
before 1861, especially applied to persons not traders.
--Bouvier.
Insomnia \In*som"ni*a\, n. [L., fr. insomnis sleepless; pref.
in- not + somnus sleep.]
Want of sleep; inability to sleep; wakefulness;
sleeplessness.
Insomnious \In*som"ni*ous\, a. [L. insomniosus, fr. insomnia
insomnia.]
Restless; sleepless. --Blount.
Insomnolence \In*som"no*lence\, n.
Sleeplessness.
Insomuch \In`so*much"\, adv.
So; to such a degree; in such wise; -- followed by that or
as, and formerly sometimes by both. Cf. {Inasmuch}.
Insomusch as that field is called . . . Aceldama.
--Acts i. 19.
Simonides was an excellent poet, insomuch that he made
his fortune by it. --L'Estrange.
Insonorous \In`so*no"rous\, a.
Not clear or melodious.
Insooth \In*sooth"\, adv.
In sooth; truly. [Archaic]
Insouciance \In`sou`ciance"\, n. [F.]
Carelessness; heedlessness; thoughtlessness; unconcern.
Insouciant \In`sou`ciant"\, a. [F.]
Careless; heedless; indifferent; unconcerned. --J. S. Mill.
Insoul \In*soul"\, v. t.
To set a soul in; reflexively, to fix one's strongest
affections on. [Obs.] --Jer. Taylor.
[He] could not but insoul himself in her. --Feltham.
Inspan \In*span"\, v. t. & i. [D. inspannen.]
To yoke or harness, as oxen to a vehicle. [South Africa]
Inspect \In*spect"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inspected}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inspecting}.] [L. inspectus, p. p. of inspicere to
inspect; pref. in- in + specere to look at, to view: cf. F.
inspecter, fr. L. inspectare, freq. fr. inspicere. See
{Spy}.]
1. To look upon; to view closely and critically, esp. in
order to ascertain quality or condition, to detect errors,
etc., to examine; to scrutinize; to investigate; as, to
inspect conduct.
2. To view and examine officially, as troops, arms, goods
offered, work done for the public, etc.; to oversee; to
superintend. --Sir W. Temple.
Inspect \In*spect"\, n. [L. inspectus. See {Inspect}, v. t.]
Inspection. [Obs.] --Thomson.
Inspecttion \In*spect"tion\, n. [L. inspectio: cf. F.
inspection.]
1. The act or process of inspecting or looking at carefully;
a strict or prying examination; close or careful scrutiny;
investigation. --Spenser.
With narrow search, and with inspection deep,
Considered every creature. --Milton.
2. The act of overseeing; official examination or
superintendence.
{Trial by inspection} (O. Eng. Law), a mode of trial in which
the case was settled by the individual observation and
decision of the judge upon the testimony of his own
senses, without the intervention of a jury. --Abbott.
Inspective \In*spect"ive\, a. [L. inspectivus.]
Engaged in inspection; inspecting; involving inspection.
Inspector \In*spect"or\, n. [L.: cf. F. inspecteur.]
One who inspects, views, or oversees; one to whom the
supervision of any work is committed; one who makes an
official view or examination, as a military or civil officer;
a superintendent; a supervisor; an overseer.
{Inspector general} (Mil.), a staff officer of an army, whose
duties are those of inspection, and embrace everything
relative to organization, recruiting, discharge,
administration, accountability for money and property,
instruction, police, and discipline.
Inspectorate \In*spect"or*ate\, n.
Inspectorship. [R.]
Inspectorial \In`spec*to"ri*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to an inspector or to inspection. [R.]
Inspectorship \In*spect"or*ship\, n.
1. The office of an inspector.
2. The district embraced by an inspector's jurisdiction.
Inspectress \In*spect"ress\, n.
A female inspector.
Insperse \In*sperse"\, v. t. [L. inspersus, p. p. of inspergere
to sprinkle upon; pref. in- in, on + spargere to sprinkle.]
To sprinkle; to scatter. [Obs.] --Bailey.
Inspersion \In*sper"sion\, n. [L. inspersio.]
The act of sprinkling. [Obs.] --Chapman.
Inspeximus \In*spex"i*mus\, n. [L., we have inspected.]
The first word of ancient charters in England, confirming a
grant made by a former king; hence, a royal grant.
Insphere \In*sphere"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Insphered}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Insphering}.] [Cf. {Ensphere}.]
To place in, or as in, an orb a sphere. Cf. {Ensphere}.
Bright a["e]rial spirits live insphered In regions mild
of calm and serene air. --Milton.
Inspirable \In*spir"a*ble\, a.
Capable of being inspired or drawn into the lungs; inhalable;
respirable; admitting inspiration. --Harvey.
Inspiration \In`spi*ra"tion\, n. [F. inspiration, L. inspiratio.
See {Inspire}.]
1. The act of inspiring or breathing in; breath; specif.
(Physiol.), the drawing of air into the lungs,
accomplished in mammals by elevation of the chest walls
and flattening of the diaphragm; -- the opposite of
expiration.
2. The act or power of exercising an elevating or stimulating
influence upon the intellect or emotions; the result of
such influence which quickens or stimulates; as, the
inspiration of occasion, of art, etc.
Your father was ever virtuous, and holy men at their
death have good inspirations. --Shak.
3. (Theol.) A supernatural divine influence on the prophets,
apostles, or sacred writers, by which they were qualified
to communicate moral or religious truth with authority; a
supernatural influence which qualifies men to receive and
communicate divine truth; also, the truth communicated.
All Scripture is given by inspiration of God. --2
Tim. iii. 16.
The age which we now live in is not an age of
inspiration and impulses. --Sharp.
{Plenary inspiration} (Theol.), that kind of inspiration
which excludes all defect in the utterance of the inspired
message.
{Verbal inspiration} (Theol.), that kind of inspiration which
extends to the very words and forms of expression of the
divine message.
Inspirational \In`spi*ra"tion*al\, a.
Pertaining to inspiration.
Inspirationist \In`spi*ra"tion*ist\, n.
One who holds to inspiration.
Inspirator \In"spi*ra`tor\, n. (Mach.)
A kind of injector for forcing water by steam. See
{Injector}, n., 2.
Inspirtory \In*spir"to*ry\, a.
Pertaining to, or aiding, inspiration; as, the inspiratory
muscles.
Inspire \In*spire"\, v. t. [OE. enspiren, OF. enspirer,
inspirer, F. inspirer, fr. L. inspirare; pref. in- in +
spirare to breathe. See {Spirit}.]
1. To breathe into; to fill with the breath; to animate.
When Zephirus eek, with his sweete breath,
Inspir[`e]d hath in every holt and health The tender
crops. --Chaucer.
Descend, ye Nine, descend and sing, The breathing
instruments inspire. --Pope.
2. To infuse by breathing, or as if by breathing.
He knew not his Maker, and him that inspired into
him an active soul. --Wisdom xv.
11.
3. To draw in by the operation of breathing; to inhale; --
opposed to {expire}.
Forced to inspire and expire the air with
difficulty. --Harvey.
4. To infuse into the mind; to communicate to the spirit; to
convey, as by a divine or supernatural influence; to
disclose preternaturally; to produce in, as by
inspiration.
And generous stout courage did inspire. --Spenser.
But dawning day new comfort hath inspired. --Shak.
5. To infuse into; to affect, as with a superior or
supernatural influence; to fill with what animates,
enlivens, or exalts; to communicate inspiration to; as, to
inspire a child with sentiments of virtue.
Erato, thy poet's mind inspire, And fill his soul
with thy celestial fire. --Dryden.
Inspire \In*spire"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Inspired}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inspiring}.]
1. To draw in breath; to inhale air into the lungs; --
opposed to {expire}.
2. To breathe; to blow gently. [Obs.]
And when the wind amongst them did inspire, They
wav[`e]d like a penon wide dispread. --Spenser.
Inspired \In*spired"\, a.
1. Breathed in; inhaled.
2. Moved or animated by, or as by, a supernatural influence;
affected by divine inspiration; as, the inspired prophets;
the inspired writers.
3. Communicated or given as by supernatural or divine
inspiration; having divine authority; hence, sacred, holy;
-- opposed to {uninspired}, {profane}, or {secular}; as,
the inspired writings, that is, the Scriptures.
Inspirer \In*spir"er\, n.
One who, or that which, inspirer. ``Inspirer of that holy
flame.'' --Cowper.
Inspiring \In*spir"ing\, a.
Animating; cheering; moving; exhilarating; as, an inspiring
or scene.
Inspirit \In*spir"it\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inspirited}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Inspiriting}.]
To infuse new life or spirit into; to animate; to encourage;
to invigorate.
The courage of Agamemnon is inspirited by the love of
empire and ambition. --Pope.
Syn: To enliven; invigorate; exhilarate; animate; cheer;
encourage; inspire.
Inspissate \In*spis"sate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inspissated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Inspissating}.] [L. inspissatus, p. p. of
inspissare to thicken; pref. in- + spissare to thicken, fr.
spissus thick.]
To thicken or bring to greater consistence, as fluids by
evaporation.
Inspissate \In*spis"sate\, a. [L. inspissatus, p. p.]
Thick or thickened; inspissated. --Greenhill.
Inspissation \In`spis*sa"tion\, n.
The act or the process of inspissating, or thickening a fluid
substance, as by evaporation; also, the state of being so
thickened.
Instability \In`sta*bil"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Instabilities}. [L.
instabilitas: cf. F. instabilit['e].]
1. The quality or condition of being unstable; want of
stability, firmness, or steadiness; liability to give way
or to fail; insecurity; precariousness; as, the
instability of a building.
2. Lack of determination of fixedness; inconstancy;
fickleness; mutability; changeableness; as, instability of
character, temper, custom, etc. --Addison.
Syn: Inconstancy; fickleness; changeableness; wavering;
unsteadiness; unstableness.
Instable \In*sta"ble\, a. [L. instabilis: cf. F. instable. See
{In-} not, and {Stable}, a., and cf. {Unstable}.]
Not stable; not standing fast or firm; unstable; prone to
change or recede from a purpose; mutable; inconstant.
Instableness \In*sta"ble*ness\, n.
Instability; unstableness.
Install \In*stall"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Installed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Installing}.] [F. installer, LL. installare, fr.
pref. in- in + OHG. stal a place, stall, G. stall, akin to E.
stall: cf. It. installare. See {Stall}.] [Written also
{instal}.]
1. To set in a seat; to give a place to; establish (one) in a
place.
She installed her guest hospitably by the fireside.
--Sir W.
Scott.
2. To place in an office, rank, or order; to invest with any
charge by the usual ceremonies; to instate; to induct; as,
to install an ordained minister as pastor of a church; to
install a college president.
Unworthily Thou wast installed in that high degree.
--Shak.
Installation \In`stal*la"tion\, n. [F. installation, LL.
installatio: cf. It. installazione. See {Install}.]
1. The act of installing or giving possession of an office,
rank, or order, with the usual rites or ceremonies; as,
the installation of an ordained minister in a parish.
On the election, the bishop gives a mandate for his
installation. --Ayliffe.
2. (Mech.) The whole of a system of machines, apparatus, and
accessories, when set up and arranged for practical
working, as in electric lighting, transmission of power,
etc.
Installment \In*stall"ment\, n. [Written also instalment.]
1. The act of installing; installation.
Take oaths from all kings and magistrates at their
installment, to do impartial justice by law.
--Milton.
2. The seat in which one is placed. [Obs.]
The several chairs of order, look, you scour; . . .
Each fair installment, coat, and several crest With
loyal blazon, evermore be blest. --Shak.
3. A portion of a debt, or sum of money, which is divided
into portions that are made payable at different times.
Payment by installment is payment by parts at different
times, the amounts and times being often definitely
stipulated. --Bouvier.
Instamp \In*stamp"\, v. t.
See {Enstamp}.
Instance \In"stance\, n. [F. instance, L. instantia, fr.
instans. See {Instant}.]
1. The act or quality of being instant or pressing; urgency;
solicitation; application; suggestion; motion.
Undertook at her instance to restore them. --Sir W.
Scott.
2. That which is instant or urgent; motive. [Obs.]
The instances that second marriage move Are base
respects of thrift, but none of love. --Shak.
3. Occasion; order of occurrence.
These seem as if, in the time of Edward I., they
were drawn up into the form of a law, in the first
instance. --Sir M. Hale.
4. That which offers itself or is offered as an illustrative
case; something cited in proof or exemplification; a case
occurring; an example.
Most remarkable instances of suffering. --Atterbury.
5. A token; a sign; a symptom or indication. --Shak.
{Causes of instance}, those which proceed at the solicitation
of some party. --Hallifax.
{Court of first instance}, the court by which a case is first
tried.
{For instance}, by way of example or illustration.
{Instance Court} (Law), the Court of Admiralty acting within
its ordinary jurisdiction, as distinguished from its
action as a prize court.
Syn: Example; case. See {Example}.
Instance \In"stance\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Instanced}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Instancing}.]
To mention as a case or example; to refer to; to cite; as, to
instance a fact. --H. Spenser.
I shall not instance an abstruse author. --Milton.
Instance \In"stance\, v. i.
To give an example. [Obs.]
This story doth not only instance in kingdoms, but in
families too. --Jer. Taylor.
Instancy \In"stan*cy\, n.
Instance; urgency. [Obs.]
Those heavenly precepts which our Lord and Savior with
so great instancy gave. --Hooker.
Instant \In"stant\, a. [L. instans, -antis, p. pr. of instare to
stand upon, to press upon; pref. in- in, on + stare to stand:
cf. F. in?tant. See {Stand}.]
1. Pressing; urgent; importunate; earnest.
Rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation;
continuing instant in prayer. --Rom. xii.
12.
I am beginning to be very instant for some sort of
occupation. --Carlyle.
2. Closely pressing or impending in respect to time; not
deferred; immediate; without delay.
Impending death is thine, and instant doom. --Prior.
3. Present; current.
The instant time is always the fittest time.
--Fuller.
Note: The word in this sense is now used only in dates, to
indicate the current month; as, the tenth of July
instant.
Instant \In"stant\, adv.
Instantly. [Poetic]
Instant he flew with hospitable haste. --Pope.
Instant \In"stant\, n. [F. instant, fr. L. instans standing by,
being near, present. See {Instant}, a.]
1. A point in duration; a moment; a portion of time too short
to be estimated; also, any particular moment.
There is scarce an instant between their flourishing
and their not being. --Hooker.
2. A day of the present or current month; as, the sixth
instant; -- an elliptical expression equivalent to the
sixth of the month instant, i. e., the current month. See
{Instant}, a., 3.
Syn: Moment; flash; second.
Instantaneity \In*stan`ta*ne"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
instantan['e]it['e].]
Quality of being instantaneous. --Shenstone.
Instantaneous \In`stan*ta"ne*ous\, a. [Cf. F. instantan['e].]
1. Done or occurring in an instant, or without any
perceptible duration of time; as, the passage of
electricity appears to be instantaneous.
His reason saw With instantaneous view, the truth of
things. --Thomson.
2. At or during a given instant; as, instantaneous
acceleration, velocity, etc.
{Instantaneous center of rotation} (Kinematics), in a plane
or in a plane figure which has motions both of translation
and of rotation in the plane, is the point which for the
instant is at rest.
{Instantaneous axis of rotation} (Kinematics), in a body
which has motions both of translation and rotation, is a
line, which is supposed to be rigidly united with the
body, and which for the instant is at rest. The motion of
the body is for the instant simply that of rotation about
the instantaneous axis. -- {In`stan*ta"ne*ous*ly}, adv. --
{In`stan*ta"ne*ous*ness}, n.
Instanter \In*stan"ter\, adv. [L., vehemently, earnestly. See
{Instant}, n. & a.]
Immediately; instantly; at once; as, he left instanter.
Instantly \In"stant*ly\, adv.
1. Without the least delay or interval; at once; immediately.
--Macaulay.
2. With urgency or importunity; earnestly; pressingly. ``They
besought him instantly.'' --Luke vii. 4.
Syn: Directly; immediately; at once. See {Directly}.
Instar \In*star"\, v. t.
To stud as with stars. [R.] ``A golden throne instarred with
gems.'' --J. Barlow.
Instate \In*state"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Instated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Instating}.]
To set, place, or establish, as in a rank, office, or
condition; to install; to invest; as, to instate a person in
greatness or in favor. --Shak.
Instaurate \In*stau"rate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Instaurated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Instaurating}.] [L. instauratus, p. p. of
instaurare to renew. See 1st {In-}, and {Store}.]
To renew or renovate. [R.]
Instauration \In`stau*ra"tion\, n. [L. instauratio: cf. F.
instauration.]
Restoration after decay, lapse, or dilapidation; renewal;
repair; renovation; renaissance.
Some great catastrophe or . . . instauration. --T.
Burnet.
Instaurator \In"stau*ra`tor\, n. [L.: cf. F. instaurateur.]
One who renews or restores to a former condition. [R.] --Dr.
H. More.
Instaure \In*staure"\, v. t. [See {Instaurate}.]
To renew or renovate; to instaurate. [Obs.] --Marston.
Instead \In*stead"\, adv. [Pref. in- + stead place.]
1. In the place or room; -- usually followed by of.
Let thistles grow of wheat. --Job xxxi.
40.
Absalom made Amasa captain of the host instead of
Joab. --2 Sam. xvii.
25.
2. Equivalent; equal to; -- usually with of. [R.]
This very consideration to a wise man is instead of
a thousand arguments, to satisfy him, that in those
times no such thing was believed. --Tillotson.
Insteep \In*steep"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Insteeped}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Insteeping}.]
To steep or soak; to drench. [R.] ``In gore he lay
insteeped.'' --Shak.
Instep \In"step\, n. [Formerly also {instop}, {instup}.]
1. The arched middle portion of the human foot next in front
of the ankle joint.
2. That part of the hind leg of the horse and allied animals,
between the hock, or ham, and the pastern joint.
Instigate \In"sti*gate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Instigated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Instigating}.] [L. instigatus, p. p. of
instigare to instigate; pref. in- in + a root akin to G.
stechen to prick, E. stick. See {Stick}.]
To goad or urge forward; to set on; to provoke; to incite; --
used chiefly with reference to evil actions; as to instigate
one to a crime.
He hath only instigated his blackest agents to the very
extent of their malignity. --Bp.
Warburton.
Syn: To stimulate; urge; spur; provoke; tempt; incite; impel;
encourage; animate.
Instigatingly \In"sti*ga`ting*ly\, adv.
Incitingly; temptingly.
Instigation \In`sti*ga"tion\, n. [L. instigatio: cf. F.
instigation.]
The act of instigating, or the state of being instigated;
incitement; esp. to evil or wickedness.
The baseness and villainy that . . . the instigation of
the devil could bring the sons of men to. --South.
Instigator \In"sti*ga`tor\, n. [L.: cf. F. instigateur.]
One who instigates or incites. --Burke.
Instill \In*still"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Instilled}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Instilling}.] [L. instillare, instillatum; pref. in-
in + stillare to drop, fr. stilla a drop: cf. F. instiller.
See {Distill}.] [Written also {instil}.]
To drop in; to pour in drop by drop; hence, to impart
gradually; to infuse slowly; to cause to be imbibed.
That starlight dews All silently their tears of love
instill. --Byron.
How hast thou instilled Thy malice into thousands.
--Milton.
Syn: To infuse; impart; inspire; implant; inculcate;
insinuate.
Instillation \In`stil*la"tion\, n. [L. instillatio: cf. F.
instillation.]
The of instilling; also, that which is instilled. --Johnson.
Instilllator \In"still*la`tor\, n.
An instiller. [R.]
Instilllatory \In*still"la*to*ry\, a.
Belonging to instillation. [R.]
Instiller \In*still"er\, n.
One who instills. --Skelton.
Instillment \In*still"ment\, n.
The act of instilling; also, that which is instilled.
[Written also {instilment}.]
Instimulate \In*stim"u*late\, v. t. [Pref. in- not + stimulate.]
Not to stimulate; to soothe; to quiet. [Obs.] --Cheyne.
Instimulate \In*stim"u*late\, v. t. [L. instimulatus, p. p.
instimulare to stimulate. See 1st {In-}, and {Stimulate}.]
To stimulate; to excite. [Obs.] --Cockerman.
Instimulation \In*stim`u*la"tion\, n.
Stimulation.
Instinct \In*stinct"\, a. [L. instinctus, p. p. of instinguere
to instigate, incite; cf. instigare to instigate. Cf.
{Instigate}, {Distinguish}.]
Urged or stimulated from within; naturally moved or impelled;
imbued; animated; alive; quick; as, birds instinct with life.
The chariot of paternal deity . . . Itself instinct
with spirit, but convoyed By four cherubic shapes.
--Milton.
A noble performance, instinct with sound principle.
--Brougham.
Instinct \In"stinct\, n. [L. instinctus instigation, impulse,
fr. instinguere to instigate: cf. F. instinct. See
{Instinct}, a.]
1. Natural inward impulse; unconscious, involuntary, or
unreasoning prompting to any mode of action, whether
bodily, or mental, without a distinct apprehension of the
end or object to be accomplished.
An instinct is a propensity prior to experience, and
independent of instructions. --Paley.
An instinct is a blind tendency to some mode of
action, independent of any consideration, on the
part of the agent, of the end to which the action
leads. --Whately.
An instinct is an agent which performs blindly and
ignorantly a work of intelligence and knowledge.
--Sir W.
Hamilton.
By a divine instinct, men's minds mistrust Ensuing
dangers. --Shak.
2. (Zo["o]l.) Specif., the natural, unreasoning, impulse by
which an animal is guided to the performance of any
action, without of improvement in the method.
The resemblance between what originally was a habit,
and an instinct becomes so close as not to be
distinguished. --Darwin.
3. A natural aptitude or knack; a predilection; as, an
instinct for order; to be modest by instinct.
Instinct \In*stinct"\, v. t.
To impress, as an animating power, or instinct. [Obs.]
--Bentley.
Instinction \In*stinc"tion\, n.
Instinct; incitement; inspiration. [Obs.] --Sir T. Elyot.
Instinctive \In*stinc"tive\, a. [Cf. F. instinctif.]
Of or pertaining to instinct; derived from, or prompted by,
instinct; of the nature of instinct; determined by natural
impulse or propensity; acting or produced without reasoning,
deliberation, instruction, or experience; spontaneous.
``Instinctive motion.'' --Milton. ``Instinctive dread.''
--Cowper.
With taste instinctive give Each grace appropriate.
--Mason.
Have we had instinctive intimations of the death of
some absent friends? --Bp. Hall.
Note: The terms instinctive belief, instinctive judgment,
instinctive cognition, are expressions not ill adapted
to characterize a belief, judgment, or cognition,
which, as the result of no anterior consciousness, is,
like the products of animal instinct, the intelligent
effect of (as far as we are concerned) an unknown
cause. --Sir H. Hamilton.
Syn: Natural; voluntary; spontaneous; original; innate;
inherent; automatic.
Instinctively \In*stinc"tive*ly\, adv.
In an instinctive manner; by force of instinct; by natural
impulse.
Instinctivity \In`stinc*tiv"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being instinctive, or prompted by instinct.
[R.] --Coleridge.
Instipulate \In*stip"u*late\, a.
See {Exstipulate}.
Institute \In"sti*tute\, p. a. [L. institutus, p. p. of
instituere to place in, to institute, to instruct; pref. in-
in + statuere to cause to stand, to set. See {Statute}.]
Established; organized; founded. [Obs.]
They have but few laws. For to a people so instruct and
institute, very few to suffice. --Robynson
(More's
Utopia).
Institute \In"sti*tute\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Instituted}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Instituting}.]
1. To set up; to establish; to ordain; as, to institute laws,
rules, etc.
2. To originate and establish; to found; to organize; as, to
institute a court, or a society.
Whenever any from of government becomes destructive
of these ends it is the right of the people to alter
or to abolish it, and to institute a new government.
--Jefferson
(Decl. of
Indep. ).
3. To nominate; to appoint. [Obs.]
We institute your Grace To be our regent in these
parts of France. --Shak.
4. To begin; to commence; to set on foot; as, to institute an
inquiry; to institute a suit.
And haply institute A course of learning and
ingenious studies. --Shak.
5. To ground or establish in principles and rudiments; to
educate; to instruct. [Obs.]
If children were early instituted, knowledge would
insensibly insinuate itself. --Dr. H. More.
6. (Eccl. Law) To invest with the spiritual charge of a
benefice, or the care of souls. --Blackstone.
Syn: To originate; begin; commence; establish; found; erect;
organize; appoint; ordain.
Institute \In"sti*tute\, n. [L. institutum: cf. F. institut. See
{Institute}, v. t. & a.]
1. The act of instituting; institution. [Obs.] ``Water
sanctified by Christ's institute.'' --Milton.
2. That which is instituted, established, or fixed, as a law,
habit, or custom. --Glover.
3. Hence: An elementary and necessary principle; a precept,
maxim, or rule, recognized as established and
authoritative; usually in the plural, a collection of such
principles and precepts; esp., a comprehensive summary of
legal principles and decisions; as, the Institutes of
Justinian; Coke's Institutes of the Laws of England. Cf.
{Digest}, n.
They made a sort of institute and digest of anarchy.
--Burke.
To make the Stoics' institutes thy own. --Dryden.
4. An institution; a society established for the promotion of
learning, art, science, etc.; a college; as, the Institute
of Technology; also, a building owned or occupied by such
an institute; as, the Cooper Institute.
5. (Scots Law) The person to whom an estate is first given by
destination or limitation. --Tomlins.
{Institutes of medicine}, theoretical medicine; that
department of medical science which attempts to account
philosophically for the various phenomena of health as
well as of disease; physiology applied to the practice of
medicine. --Dunglison.
Instituter \In"sti*tu`ter\, n.
An institutor. [R.]
Institution \In`sti*tu"tion\, n. [L. institutio: cf. F.
institution.]
1. The act or process of instituting; as:
(a) Establishment; foundation; enactment; as, the
institution of a school.
The institution of God's law is described as
being established by solemn injunction.
--Hooker.
(b) Instruction; education. [Obs.] --Bentley.
(c) (Eccl. Law) The act or ceremony of investing a
clergyman with the spiritual part of a benefice, by
which the care of souls is committed to his charge.
--Blackstone.
2. That which instituted or established; as:
(a) Established order, method, or custom; enactment;
ordinance; permanent form of law or polity.
The nature of our people, Our city's
institutions. --Shak.
(b) An established or organized society or corporation; an
establishment, especially of a public character, or
affecting a community; a foundation; as, a literary
institution; a charitable institution; also, a
building or the buildings occupied or used by such
organization; as, the Smithsonian Institution.
(c) Anything forming a characteristic and persistent
feature in social or national life or habits.
We ordered a lunch (the most delightful of
English institutions, next to dinner) to be
ready against our return. --Hawthorne.
3. That which institutes or instructs; a textbook; a system
of elements or rules; an institute. [Obs.]
There is another manuscript, of above three hundred
years old, . . . being an institution of physic.
--Evelyn.
Institutional \In`sti*tu"tion*al\, a.
1. Pertaining to, or treating of, institutions; as,
institutional legends.
Institutional writers as Rousseau. --J. S. Mill.
2. Instituted by authority.
3. Elementary; rudimental.
Institutionary \In`sti*tu"tion*a*ry\, a.
1. Relating to an institution, or institutions.
2. Containing the first principles or doctrines; elemental;
rudimentary.
Institutist \In"sti*tu`tist\, n.
A writer or compiler of, or a commentator on, institutes.
[R.] --Harvey.
Institutive \In"sti*tu`tive\, a.
1. Tending or intended to institute; having the power to
establish. --Barrow.
2. Established; depending on, or characterized by,
institution or order. ``Institutive decency.'' --Milton.
Institutively \In"sti*tu`tive*ly\ adv.
In conformity with an institution. --Harrington.
Institutor \In"sti*tu`tor\, n. [L.: cf. F. instituteur.]
1. One who institutes, founds, ordains, or establishes.
2. One who educates; an instructor. [Obs.] --Walker.
3. (Episcopal Church) A presbyter appointed by the bishop to
institute a rector or assistant minister over a parish
church.
Instop \In*stop"\, v. t.
To stop; to close; to make fast; as, to instop the seams.
[Obs.] --Dryden.
Instore \In*store"\, v. t. [See {Instaurate}, {Store}.]
To store up; to inclose; to contain. [Obs.] --Wyclif.
Instratified \In*strat"i*fied\, a.
Interstratified.
Instruct \In*struct"\, a. [L. instructus, p. p. of instruere to
furnish, provide, construct, instruct; pref. in- in, on +
struere. See {Structure}.]
1. Arranged; furnished; provided. [Obs.] ``He had neither
ship instruct with oars, nor men.'' --Chapman.
2. Instructed; taught; enlightened. [Obs.] --Milton.
Instruct \In*struct"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Instructed}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Instructing}.]
1. To put in order; to form; to prepare. [Obs.]
They speak to the merits of a cause, after the
proctor has prepared and instructed the same for a
hearing. --Ayliffe.
2. To form by communication of knowledge; to inform the mind
of; to impart knowledge or information to; to enlighten;
to teach; to discipline.
Schoolmasters will I keep within my house, Fit to
instruct her youth. --Shak.
3. To furnish with directions; to advise; to direct; to
command; as, the judge instructs the jury.
She, being before instructed of her mother, said,
Give me here John Baptist's head in a charger.
--Matt. xiv.
8.
Take her in; instruct her what she has to do.
--Shak.
Syn: To teach; educate; inform; train; discipline;
indoctrinate; direct; enjoin.
Instructer \In*struct"er\, n.
See {Instructor}.
Instructible \In*struct"i*ble\, a.
Capable of being instructed; teachable; docible. --Bacon.
Instruction \In*struc"tion\, n. [L. instructio: cf. F.
instruction.]
1. The act of instructing, teaching, or furnishing with
knowledge; information.
2. That which instructs, or with which one is instructed; the
intelligence or information imparted; as:
(a) Precept; information; teachings.
(b) Direction; order; command. ``If my instructions may be
your guide.'' --Shak.
Syn: Education; teaching; indoctrination; information;
advice; counsel. See {Education}.
Instructional \In*struc"tion*al\, a.
Pertaining to, or promoting, instruction; educational.
Instructive \In*struct"ive\, a. [Cf. F. instructif.]
Conveying knowledge; serving to instruct or inform; as,
experience furnishes very instructive lessons. --Addison.
In various talk the instructive hours they past.
--Pope.
-- {In*struct"ive*ly}, adv. -- {In*struct"ive*ness}, n.
The pregnant instructiveness of the Scripture. --Boyle.
Instructor \In*struct"or\, n. [L., a preparer: cf. F.
instructeur.] [Written also {instructer}.]
One who instructs; one who imparts knowledge to another; a
teacher.
Instructress \In*struct"ress\, n.
A woman who instructs; a preceptress; a governess. --Johnson.
Instrument \In"stru*ment\, n. [F. instrument, L. instrumentum.
See {Instruct}.]
1. That by means of which any work is performed, or result is
effected; a tool; a utensil; an implement; as, the
instruments of a mechanic; astronomical instruments.
All the lofty instruments of war. --Shak.
2. A contrivance or implement, by which musical sounds are
produced; as, a musical instrument.
Praise him with stringed instruments and organs.
--Ps. cl. 4.
But signs when songs and instruments he hears.
--Dryden.
3. (Law) A writing, as the means of giving formal expression
to some act; a writing expressive of some act, contract,
process, as a deed, contract, writ, etc. --Burrill.
4. One who, or that which, is made a means, or is caused to
serve a purpose; a medium, means, or agent.
Or useful serving man and instrument, To any
sovereign state. --Shak.
The bold are but the instruments of the wise.
--Dryden.
Syn: Tool; implement; utensil; machine; apparatus; channel;
agent.
Instrument \In"stru*ment\, v. t.
To perform upon an instrument; to prepare for an instrument;
as, a sonata instrumented for orchestra.
Instrumental \In`stru*men"tal\, a. [Cf. F. instrumental.]
1. Acting as an instrument; serving as a means; contributing
to promote; conductive; helpful; serviceable; as, he was
instrumental in conducting the business.
The head is not more native to the heart, The hand
more instrumental to the mouth. --Shak.
2. (Mus.) Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for, an
instrument, esp. a musical instrument; as, instrumental
music, distinguished from vocal music. ``He defended the
use of instrumental music in public worship.'' --Macaulay.
Sweet voices mix'd with instrumental sounds.
--Dryden.
3. (Gram.) Applied to a case expressing means or agency; as,
the instrumental case. This is found in Sanskrit as a
separate case, but in Greek it was merged into the dative,
and in Latin into the ablative. In Old English it was a
separate case, but has disappeared, leaving only a few
anomalous forms.
{Instrumental errors}, those errors in instrumental
measurements, etc., which arise, exclusively from want of
mathematical accuracy in an instrument.
Instrumentalist \In`stru*men"tal*ist\, n.
One who plays upon an instrument of music, as distinguished
from a vocalist.
Instrumentality \In`stru*men*tal"i*ty\, n.; pl.
{Instrumentalities}.
The quality or condition of being instrumental; that which is
instrumental; anything used as a means; medium; agency.
The instrumentality of faith in justification. --Bp.
Burnet.
The discovery of gunpowder developed the science of
attack and defense in a new instrumentality. --J. H.
Newman.
Instrumentally \In`stru*men"tal*ly\, adv.
1. By means of an instrument or agency; as means to an end.
--South.
They will argue that the end being essentially
beneficial, the means become instrumentally so.
--Burke.
2. With instruments of music; as, a song instrumentally
accompanied. --Mason.
Instrumentalness \In`stru*men"tal*ness\, n.
Usefulness or agency, as means to an end; instrumentality.
[R.] --Hammond.
Instrumentary \In`stru*men"ta*ry\, a.
Instrumental. [R.]
Instrumentation \In`stru*men*ta"tion\, n.
1. The act of using or adapting as an instrument; a series or
combination of instruments; means; agency.
Otherwise we have no sufficient instrumentation for
our human use or handling of so great a fact. --H.
Bushnell.
2. (Mus.)
(a) The arrangement of a musical composition for
performance by a number of different instruments;
orchestration; instrumental composition; composition
for an orchestra or military band.
(b) The act or manner of playing upon musical instruments;
performance; as, his instrumentation is perfect.
Instrumentist \In"stru*men`tist\, n.
A performer on a musical instrument; an instrumentalist.
Instyle \In*style"\, v. t.
To style. [Obs.] --Crashaw.
Insuavity \In*suav"i*ty\, n. [L. insuavitas: cf. F.
insuavit['e]. See {In-} not, and {Suavity}.]
Want of suavity; unpleasantness. [Obs.] --Burton.
Insubjection \In`sub*jec"tion\, n.
Want of subjection or obedience; a state of disobedience, as
to government.
Insubmergible \In`sub*mer"gi*ble\, a.
Not capable of being submerged; buoyant. [R.]
Insubmission \In`sub*mis"sion\, n.
Want of submission; disobedience; noncompliance.
Insubordinate \In`sub*or"di*nate\, a.
Not submitting to authority; disobedient; rebellious;
mutinous.
Insubordination \In`sub*or`di*na"tion\, n. [Cf. F.
insubordination.]
The quality of being insubordinate; disobedience to lawful
authority.
Insubstantial \In`sub*stan"tial\, a.
Unsubstantial; not real or strong. ``Insubstantial pageant.''
[R.] --Shak.
Insubstantiality \In`sub*stan`ti*al"i*ty\, n.
Unsubstantiality; unreality. [R.]
Insuccation \In`suc*ca"tion\, n. [L. insucare, insucatum, to
soak in; pref. in- + succus, sucus, sap.]
The act of soaking or moistening; maceration; solution in the
juice of herbs. [Obs.] --Coxe.
The medicating and insuccation of seeds. --Evelyn.
Insuccess \In`suc*cess"\, n.
Want of success. [R.] --Feltham.
Insue \In*sue"\, v. i.
See {Ensue}, v. i.
Insuetude \In"sue*tude\, n. [L. insuetudo, from insuetus
unaccustomed; pref. in- not + suetus, p. p. of suescere to be
accustomed.]
The state or quality of being unaccustomed; absence of use or
habit.
Absurdities are great or small in proportion to custom
or insuetude. --Landor.
Insufferable \In*suf"fer*a*ble\, a.
1. Incapable of being suffered, borne, or endured;
insupportable; unendurable; intolerable; as, insufferable
heat, cold, or pain; insufferable wrongs. --Locke.
2. Offensive beyond endurance; detestable.
A multitude of scribblers who daily pester the world
with their insufferable stuff. --Dryden.
Insufferably \In*suf"fer*a*bly\, adv.
In a manner or to a degree beyond endurance; intolerably; as,
a blaze insufferably bright; a person insufferably proud.
Insufficience \In`suf*fi"cience\, n.
Insufficiency. --Shak.
Insufficiency \In`suf*fi"cien*cy\, n. [L. insufficientia: cf. F.
insuffisance, whence OE. insuffisance. See {Insufficient}.]
1. The quality or state of being insufficient; want of
sufficiency; deficiency; inadequateness; as, the
insufficiency of provisions, of an excuse, etc.
The insufficiency of the light of nature is, by the
light of Scripture, . . . fully supplied. --Hooker.
2. Want of power or skill; inability; incapacity;
incompetency; as, the insufficiency of a man for an
office.
Insufficient \In`suf*fi"cient\, a. [L. insufficiens, -entis. See
{In-} not, and {Sufficient}.]
1. Not sufficient; not enough; inadequate to any need, use,
or purpose; as, the provisions are insufficient in
quantity, and defective in quality. ``Insufficient for His
praise.'' --Cowper.
2. Wanting in strength, power, ability, capacity, or skill;
incompetent; incapable; unfit; as, a person insufficient
to discharge the duties of an office.
Syn: Inadequate; scanty; incommensurate; unequal; unfit;
incompetent; incapable; inefficient.
Insufficiently \In`suf*fi"cient*ly\, adv.
In an insufficient manner or degree; unadequately.
Insufflation \In`suf*fla"tion\, n. [L. insuffatio: cf. F.
insuffation. See {In-} in, and {Sufflation}.]
The act of breathing on or into anything; especially:
(a) (R. C. Ch.) The breathing upon a person in the sacrament
of baptism to symbolize the inspiration of a new
spiritual life.
(b) (Med.) The act of blowing (a gas, powder, or vapor) into
any cavity of the body.
Insuitable \In*suit"a*ble\, a.
Unsuitable. [Obs.] -- {In*suit`a*bil"i*ty}, n. [Obs.]
Insular \In"su*lar\, a. [L. insularis, fr. insula island: cf. F.
insulaire. See {Isle}.]
1. Of or pertaining to an island; of the nature, or
possessing the characteristics, of an island; as, an
insular climate, fauna, etc.
2. Of or pertaining to the people of an island; narrow;
circumscribed; illiberal; contracted; as, insular habits,
opinions, or prejudices.
The penury of insular conversation. --Johnson.
Insular \In"su*lar\, n.
An islander. [R.] --Berkeley.
Insularity \In`su*lar"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. insularit['e].]
1. The state or quality of being an island or consisting of
islands; insulation.
The insularity of Britain was first shown by
Agricola, who sent his fleet round it. --Pinkerton.
2. Narrowness or illiberality of opinion; prejudice;
exclusiveness; as, the insularity of the Chinese or of the
aristocracy.
Insularly \In"su*lar*ly\, adv.
In an insular manner.
Insulary \In"su*la*ry\, a.
Insular. [Obs.] --Howell.
Insulate \In"su*late\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Insulated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Insulating}.] [L. insulatus insulated, fr. insula
island. See {Isle}, and cf. {Isolate}.]
1. To make an island of. [Obs.] --Pennant.
2. To place in a detached situation, or in a state having no
communication with surrounding objects; to isolate; to
separate.
3. (Elec. & Thermotics) To prevent the transfer o?
electricity or heat to or from (bodies) by the
interposition of nonconductors.
{Insulating stool} (Elec.), a stool with legs of glass or
some other nonconductor of electricity, used for
insulating a person or any object placed upon it.
Insulated \In"su*la`ted\, p. a.
1. Standing by itself; not being contiguous to other bodies;
separated; unconnected; isolated; as, an insulated house
or column.
The special and insulated situation of the Jews.
--De Quincey.
2. (Elect. & Thermotics) Separated from other bodies by means
of nonconductors of heat or electricity.
3. (Astron.) Situated at so great a distance as to be beyond
the effect of gravitation; -- said of stars supposed to be
so far apart that the affect of their mutual attraction is
insensible. --C. A. Young.
{Insulated wire}, wire wound with silk, or covered with other
nonconducting material, for electrical use.
Insulation \In`su*la"tion\, n.
1. The act of insulating, or the state of being insulated;
detachment from other objects; isolation.
2. (Elec. & Thermotics) The act of separating a body from
others by nonconductors, so as to prevent the transfer of
electricity or of heat; also, the state of a body so
separated.
Insulator \In"su*la`tor\, n.
1. One who, or that which, insulates.
2. (Elec. & Thermotics) The substance or body that insulates;
a nonconductor.
Insulite \In"su*lite\, n. (Elec.)
An insulating material, usually some variety of compressed
cellulose, made of sawdust, paper pulp, cotton waste, etc.
Insulous \In"su*lous\, a. [L. insulosus, fr. insula island.]
Abounding in islands. [R.]
Insulse \In*sulse"\, a. [L. insulsus; pref. in- not + salsus
salted, fr. salire, salsum, to salt.]
Insipid; dull; stupid. [Obs.] --Milton.
Insulsity \In*sul"si*ty\, n. [L. insulsitas.]
Insipidity; stupidity; dullness. [Obs.]
The insulsity of mortal tongues. --Milton.
Insult \In"sult\, n. [L. insultus, fr. insilire to leap upon:
cf. F. insulte. See {Insult}, v. t.]
1. The act of leaping on; onset; attack. [Obs.] --Dryden.
2. Gross abuse offered to another, either by word or act; an
act or speech of insolence or contempt; an affront; an
indignity.
The ruthless sneer that insult adds to grief.
--Savage.
Syn: Affront; indignity; abuse; outrage; contumely. See
{Affront}.
Insult \In*sult"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Insulted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Insulting}.] [F. insulter, L. insultare, freq. fr.
insilire to leap into or upon; pref. in- in, on + salire to
leap. See {Salient}.]
1. To leap or trample upon; to make a sudden onset upon.
[Obs.] --Shak.
2. To treat with abuse, insolence, indignity, or contempt, by
word or action; to abuse; as, to call a man a coward or a
liar, or to sneer at him, is to insult him.
Insult \In*sult"\, v. i.
1. To leap or jump.
Give me thy knife, I will insult on him. --Shak.
Like the frogs in the apologue, insulting upon their
wooden king. --Jer. Taylor.
2. To behave with insolence; to exult. [Archaic]
The lion being dead, even hares insult. --Daniel.
An unwillingness to insult over their helpless
fatuity. --Landor.
Insultable \In*sult"a*ble\, a.
Capable of being insulted or affronted. [R.] --Emerson.
Insultation \In`sul*ta"tion\, n. [L. insultatio, fr. insultare:
cf. OF. insultation.]
1. The act of insulting; abusive or insolent treatment;
insult. [Obs.] --Feltham.
2. Exultation. [Obs.] --Is. xiv. (heading).
Insulter \In*sult"er\, n.
One who insults. --Shak.
Insulting \In*sult"ing\, a.
Containing, or characterized by, insult or abuse; tending to
insult or affront; as, insulting language, treatment, etc. --
{In*sult"ing*ly}, adv.
Syn: Insolent; impertinent; saucy; rude; abusive;
contemptuous. See {Insolent}.
Insultment \In*sult"ment\, n.
Insolent treatment; insult. [Obs.] ``My speech of insultment
ended.'' --Shak.
Insume \In*sume"\, v. t. [L. insumere; pre. in- in + sumere to
take.]
To take in; to absorb. [Obs.]
Insuperability \In*su`per*a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being insuperable; insuperableness.
Insuperable \In*su"per*a*ble\, a. [L. insuperabilis: cf. OF.
insuperable. See {In-} not, and {Superable}.]
Incapable of being passed over or surmounted; insurmountable;
as, insuperable difficulties.
And middle natures, how they long to join, Yet never
pass the insuperable line? --Pope.
The difficulty is enhanced, or is . . . insuperable.
--I. Taylor.
Syn: Impassable; insurmountable; unconquerable. --
{In*su"per*a*ble*ness}, n. -- {In*su"per*a*bly}, adv.
Insupportable \In`sup*port"a*ble\, a. [L. insupportabilis: cf.
F. insupportable. See {In-} not, and {Support}.]
Incapable of being supported or borne; unendurable;
insufferable; intolerable; as, insupportable burdens;
insupportable pain. -- {In`sup*port"a*ble*ness}, n. --
{In`sup*port"a*bly}, adv.
Insupposable \In`sup*pos"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being supposed; not supposable; inconceivable.
Insuppressible \In`sup*press"i*ble\, a.
That can not be suppressed or concealed; irrepressible.
--Young. -- {In`sup*press"i*bly}, adv.
Insuppressive \In`sup*press"ive\, a.
Insuppressible. [Obs.] ``The insuppressive mettle of our
spirits.'' --Shak.
Insurable \In*sur"a*ble\, a. [From {Insure}.]
Capable of being insured against loss, damage, death, etc.;
proper to be insured.
The French law annuls the latter policies so far as
they exceed the insurable interest which remained in
the insured at the time of the subscription thereof.
--Walsh.
Insurance \In*sur"ance\, n. [From {Insure}.]
1. The act of insuring, or assuring, against loss or damage
by a contingent event; a contract whereby, for a
stipulated consideration, called premium, one party
undertakes to indemnify or guarantee another against loss
by certain specified risks. Cf. {Assurance}, n., 6.
Note: The person who undertakes to pay in case of loss is
termed the insurer; the danger against which he
undertakes, the risk; the person protected, the
insured; the sum which he pays for the protection, the
premium; and the contract itself, when reduced to form,
the policy. --Johnson's Cyc.
2. The premium paid for insuring property or life.
3. The sum for which life or property is insured.
4. A guaranty, security, or pledge; assurance. [Obs.]
The most acceptable insurance of the divine
protection. --Mickle.
{Accident insurance}, insurance against pecuniary loss by
reason of accident to the person.
{Endowment insurance} or {assurance}, a combination of life
insurance and investment such that if the person upon
whose life a risk is taken dies before a certain specified
time the insurance becomes due at once, and if he
survives, it becomes due at the time specified.
{Fire insurance}. See under {Fire}.
{Insurance broker}, a broker or agent who effects insurance.
{Insurance company}, a company or corporation whose business
it is to insure against loss, damage, or death.
{Insurance policy}, a certificate of insurance; the document
containing the contract made by an insurance company with
a person whose property or life is insured.
{Life insurance}. See under {Life}.
Insurancer \In*sur"an*cer\, n.
One who effects insurance; an insurer; an underwriter. [Obs.]
--Dryden.
hose bold insurancers of deathless fame. --Blair.
Insurant \In*sur"ant\, n.
The person insured. --Champness.
Insure \In"sure\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Insured}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Insuring}.] [OE. ensuren, prob. for assuren, by a change of
prefix. See 1st {In-}, and {Sure}, and cf. {Assure},
{Ensure}.] [Written also {ensure}.]
1. To make sure or secure; as, to insure safety to any one.
2. Specifically, to secure against a loss by a contingent
event, on certain stipulated conditions, or at a given
rate or premium; to give or to take an insurance on or
for; as, a merchant insures his ship or its cargo, or
both, against the dangers of the sea; goods and buildings
are insured against fire or water; persons are insured
against sickness, accident, or death; and sometimes
hazardous debts are insured.
Insure \In*sure"\, v. i.
To underwrite; to make insurance; as, a company insures at
three per cent.
Insurer \In*sur"er\, n.
One who, or that which, insures; the person or company that
contracts to indemnify losses for a premium; an underwriter.
Insurgence \In*sur"gence\, Insurgency \In*sur"gen*cy\, n.
A state of insurrection; an uprising; an insurrection.
A moral insurgence in the minds of grave men against
the Court of Rome. --G. Eliot.
Insurgent \In*sur"gent\, a. [L. insurgens, p. pr. of insurgere
to rise up; pref. in- in + surgere to rise. See {Surge}.]
Rising in opposition to civil or political authority, or
against an established government; insubordinate; rebellious.
``The insurgent provinces.'' --Motley.
Insurgent \In*sur"gent\, n. [Cf. F. insurgent.]
A person who rises in revolt against civil authority or an
established government; one who openly and actively resists
the execution of laws; a rebel.
Syn: See {Rebel}.
Insurmountability \In`sur*mount`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being insurmountable.
Insurmountable \In`sur*mount"a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
surmountable: cf. F. insurmountable.]
Incapable of being passed over, surmounted, or overcome;
insuperable; as, insurmountable difficulty or obstacle.
--Locke.
Hope thinks nothing difficult; despair tells us that
difficulty is insurmountable. --I. Watts.
Syn: Insuperable; impassable; invincible.
Insurmountableness \In`sur*mount"a*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being insurmountable;
insurmountability.
Insurmountably \In`sur*mount"a*bly\, adv.
In a manner or to a degree not to be overcome.
Insurrection \In`sur*rec"tion\, n. [L. insurrectio, fr.
insurgere, insurrectum: cf. F. insurrection. See
{Insurgent}.]
1. A rising against civil or political authority, or the
established government; open and active opposition to the
execution of law in a city or state.
It is found that this city of old time hath made
insurrection against kings, and that rebellion and
sedition have been made therein. --Ezra iv. 19.
2. A rising in mass to oppose an enemy. [Obs.]
Syn: {Insurrection}, {Sedition}, {Revolt}, {Rebellion},
{Mutiny}.
Usage: Sedition is the raising of commotion in a state, as by
conspiracy, without aiming at open violence against
the laws. Insurrection is a rising of individuals to
prevent the execution of law by force of arms. Revolt
is a casting off the authority of a government, with a
view to put it down by force, or to substitute one
ruler for another. Rebellion is an extended
insurrection and revolt. Mutiny is an insurrection on
a small scale, as a mutiny of a regiment, or of a
ship's crew.
I say again, In soothing them, we nourish
'gainst our senate The cockle of rebellion,
insolence, sedition. --Shak.
Insurrections of base people are commonly more
furious in their beginnings. --Bacon.
He was greatly strengthened, and the enemy as
much enfeebled, by daily revolts. --Sir W.
Raleigh.
Though of their names in heavenly records now Be
no memorial, blotted out and razed By their
rebellion from the books of life. --Milton.
Insurrectional \In`sur*rec"tion*al\, a. [Cf. F.
insurrectionnel.]
Pertaining to insurrection; consisting in insurrection.
Insurrectionary \In`sur*rec"tion*a*ry\, a.
Pertaining to, or characterized by, insurrection; rebellious;
seditious.
Their murderous insurrectionary system. --Burke.
Insurrectionist \In`sur*rec"tion*ist\, n.
One who favors, or takes part in, insurrection; an insurgent.
Insusceptibility \In`sus*cep`ti*bil"i*ty\, n.
Want of susceptibility, or of capacity to feel or perceive.
Insusceptible \In`sus*cep`ti*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not +
susceptible: cf. F. insusceptible.]
Not susceptible; not capable of being moved, affected, or
impressed; that can not feel, receive, or admit; as, a limb
insusceptible of pain; a heart insusceptible of pity; a mind
insusceptible to flattery. -- {In`sus*cep`ti*bly} adv.
Insusceptive \In`sus*cep"tive\, a.
Not susceptive or susceptible. [R.] --Rambler.
Insusurration \In*su`sur*ra"tion\, n. [L. insusurratio, fr.
insusurrare to whisper into.]
The act of whispering into something. [Obs.] --Johnson.
Inswathe \In*swathe"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inswathed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inswating}.]
To wrap up; to infold; to swathe.
Inswathed sometimes in wandering mist. --Tennyson.
Intact \In*tact"\, a. [L. intactus; pref. in- not + tactus, p.
p. of tangere to touch: cf. F. intact. See {In-} not, and
{Tact}, {Tangent}.]
Untouched, especially by anything that harms, defiles, or the
like; uninjured; undefiled; left complete or entire.
--Buckle.
When all external differences have passed away, one
element remains intact, unchanged, -- the everlasting
basis of our common nature, the human soul. --F. W.
Robertson.
Intactible \In*tac"ti*ble\, Intactable \In*tac"ta*ble\, a.
Not perceptible to the touch.
Intagliated \In*tagl"ia*ted\, a. [It. intagliato, p. p. of
intagliare. See {Intaglio}.]
Engraved in intaglio; as, an intagliated stone. --T. Warton.
Intaglio \In*tagl"io\, n.; pl. E. {Intaglius}, It. {Intagli}.
[It., fr. intagliare to engrave, carve; pref. in- in +
tagliare to cut, carve. See {Detail}.]
A cutting or engraving; a figure cut into something, as a
gem, so as to make a design depressed below the surface of
the material; hence, anything so carved or impressed, as a
gem, matrix, etc.; -- opposed to {cameo}. Also used
adjectively.
Intail \In*tail"\, v. t.
See {Entail}, v. t.
Intake \In"take`\, n.
1. The place where water or air is taken into a pipe or
conduit; -- opposed to {outlet}.
2. the beginning of a contraction or narrowing in a tube or
cylinder.
3. The quantity taken in; as, the intake of air.
Intaminated \In*tam"i*na`ted\, a. [L. intaminatus. See
{Contaminate}.]
Uncontaminated. [Obs.] --Wood.
Intangibility \In*tan`gi*bil"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Intangibilities}.
[Cf. F. intangibilit['e].]
The quality or state of being intangible; intangibleness.
Intangible \In*tan"gi*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + tangible: cf. F.
intangible.]
Not tangible; incapable of being touched; not perceptible to
the touch; impalpable; imperceptible. --Bp. Wilkins.
A corporation is an artificial, invisible, intangible
being. --Marshall.
-- {In*tan"gi*ble*ness}, n. -- {In*tan"gi*bly}, adv.
Intangle \In*tan"gle\, v. t.
See {Entangle}.
Intastable \In*tast"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being tasted; tasteless; unsavory. [R.] --Grew.
Integer \In"te*ger\, n. [L. integer untouched, whole, entire.
See {Entire}.]
A complete entity; a whole number, in contradistinction to a
fraction or a mixed number.
{Complex integer} (Theory of Numbers), an expression of the
form a + b[root]-1, where a and b are real integers.
Integrability \In`te*gra*bil"i*ty\, n. (Math.)
The quality of being integrable.
Integrable \In"te*gra*ble\, a. (Math.)
Capable of being integrated.
Integral \In"te*gral\, a. [Cf. F. int['e]gral. See {Integer}.]
1. Lacking nothing of completeness; complete; perfect;
uninjured; whole; entire.
A local motion keepeth bodies integral. --Bacon.
2. Essential to completeness; constituent, as a part;
pertaining to, or serving to form, an integer; integrant.
Ceasing to do evil, and doing good, are the two
great integral parts that complete this duty.
--South.
3. (Math.)
(a) Of, pertaining to, or being, a whole number or
undivided quantity; not fractional.
(b) Pertaining to, or proceeding by, integration; as, the
integral calculus.
{Integral calculus}. See under {Calculus}.
Integral \In"te*gral\, n.
1. A whole; an entire thing; a whole number; an individual.
2. (Math.) An expression which, being differentiated, will
produce a given differential. See differential
{Differential}, and {Integration}. Cf. {Fluent}.
{Elliptic integral}, one of an important class of integrals,
occurring in the higher mathematics; -- so called because
one of the integrals expresses the length of an arc of an
ellipse.
Integrality \In`te*gral"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. int['e]gralit['e].]
Entireness. [Obs.] --Whitaker.
Integrally \In"te*gral*ly\, adv.
In an integral manner; wholly; completely; also, by
integration.
Integrant \In"te*grant\, a. [L. integrans, -antis, p. pr. of
integrare to make whole, renew: cf. F. int['e]grant. See
{Integrate}.]
Making part of a whole; necessary to constitute an entire
thing; integral. --Boyle.
All these are integrant parts of the republic. --Burke.
{Integrant parts}, or {particles}, of bodies, those smaller
particles into which a body may be reduced without loss of
its original constitution, as by mechanical division.
Integrate \In"te*grate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Integrated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Integrating}.] [L. integratus, p. p. of
integrare to make whole, renew: cf. F. int['e]grer. See
{Integer}, {Entire}.]
1. To form into one whole; to make entire; to complete; to
renew; to restore; to perfect. ``That conquest rounded and
integrated the glorious empire.'' --De Quincey.
Two distinct substances, the soul and body, go to
compound and integrate the man. --South.
2. To indicate the whole of; to give the sum or total of; as,
an integrating anemometer, one that indicates or registers
the entire action of the wind in a given time.
3. (Math.) To subject to the operation of integration; to
find the integral of.
Integration \In`te*gra"tion\, n. [L. integratio a renewing,
restoring: cf. F. int['e]gration.]
1. The act or process of making whole or entire.
2. (Math.) The operation of finding the primitive function
which has a given function for its differential
coefficient. See {Integral}.
Note: The symbol of integration is [integral2l] (standing for
the Latin summa sum), and the integral is also regarded
as the limiting value of the sum of great numbers of
differentials, when the magnitude of the differentials
decreases, and their number increases indefinitely. See
{Limit}, n. When the summation is made between
specified values of the variable, the result is a
definite integral, and those values of the variable are
the limits of the integral. When the summation is made
successively for two or more variables, the result is a
{multiple integral}.
3. In the theory of evolution: The process by which the
manifold is compacted into the relatively simple and
permanent. It is supposed to alternate with
differentiation as an agent in development.
Integrator \In"te*gra`tor\, n. (Math. & Mech.)
That which integrates; esp., an instrument by means of which
the area of a figure can be measured directly, or its moment
of inertia, or statical moment, etc., be determined.
Integrity \In*teg"ri*ty\, n. [L. integritas: cf. F.
int['e]grit['e]. See {Integer}, and cf. {Entirety}.]
1. The state or quality of being entire or complete;
wholeness; entireness; unbroken state; as, the integrity
of an empire or territory. --Sir T. More.
2. Moral soundness; honesty; freedom from corrupting
influence or motive; -- used especially with reference to
the fulfillment of contracts, the discharge of agencies,
trusts, and the like; uprightness; rectitude.
The moral grandeur of independent integrity is the
sublimest thing in nature. --Buckminster.
Their sober zeal, integrity. and worth. --Cowper.
3. Unimpaired, unadulterated, or genuine state; entire
correspondence with an original condition; purity.
Language continued long in its purity and integrity.
--Sir M. Hale.
Syn: Honesty; uprightness; rectitude. See {Probity}.
Integropallial \In`te*gro*pal"li*al\, a. [L. integer whole + E.
pallial.] (Zo["o]l.)
Having the pallial line entire, or without a sinus, as
certain bivalve shells.
Integumation \In*teg`u*ma"tion\, n. [See {Integument}.]
That part of physiology which treats of the integuments of
animals and plants.
Integument \In*teg"u*ment\, n. [L. integumentum, fr. integere to
cover; pref. in- in, on + tegere to cover: cf. F.
int['e]gument. See 1st {n-}, and {Tegument}.]
That which naturally invests or covers another thing, as the
testa or the tegmen of a seed; specifically (Anat.), a
covering which invests the body, as the skin, or a membrane
that invests a particular.
Integumentary \In*teg`u*men"ta*ry\, n.
Belonging to, or composed of, integuments.
Integumentation \In*teg`u*men*ta"tion\, n.
The act or process of covering with integuments; the state or
manner of being thus covered.
Intellect \In"tel*lect\, n. [L. intellectus, fr. intelligere,
intellectum, to understand: cf. intellect. See
{Intelligent}.] (Metaph.)
The part or faculty of the human soul by which it knows, as
distinguished from the power to feel and to will; sometimes,
the capacity for higher forms of knowledge, as distinguished
from the power to perceive objects in their relations; the
power to judge and comprehend; the thinking faculty; the
understanding.
Intellected \In"tel*lect`ed\, a.
Endowed with intellect; having intellectual powers or
capacities. [R.]
In body, and in bristles, they became As swine, yet
intellected as before. --Cowper.
Intellection \In`tel*lec"tion\, n. [L. intellectio synecdoche:
cf. F. intellection.]
A mental act or process; especially:
(a) The act of understanding; simple apprehension of ideas;
intuition. Bentley.
(b) A creation of the mind itself. --Hickok.
Intellective \In`tel*lec"tive\, a. [Cf. F. intellectif.]
1. Pertaining to, or produced by, the intellect or
understanding; intellectual.
2. Having power to understand, know, or comprehend;
intelligent; rational. --Glanvill.
3. Capable of being perceived by the understanding only, not
by the senses.
Intellective abstractions of logic and metaphysics.
--Milton.
Intellectively \In`tel*lec"tive*ly\, adv.
In an intellective manner. [R.] ``Not intellectivelly to
write.'' --Warner.
Intellectual \In`tel*lec"tu*al\ (?; 135), a. [L. intellectualis:
cf. F. intellectuel.]
1. Belonging to, or performed by, the intellect; mental; as,
intellectual powers, activities, etc.
Logic is to teach us the right use of our reason or
intellectual powers. --I. Watts.
2. Endowed with intellect; having the power of understanding;
having capacity for the higher forms of knowledge or
thought; characterized by intelligence or mental capacity;
as, an intellectual person.
Who would lose, Though full of pain, this
intellectual being, Those thoughts that wander
through eternity? --Milton.
3. Suitable for exercising the intellect; formed by, and
existing for, the intellect alone; perceived by the
intellect; as, intellectual employments.
4. Relating to the understanding; treating of the mind; as,
intellectual philosophy, sometimes called ``mental''
philosophy.
Intellectual \In`tel*lec"tu*al\, n.
The intellect or understanding; mental powers or faculties.
Her husband, for I view far round, not nigh, Whose
higher intellectual more I shun. --Milton.
I kept her intellectuals in a state of exercise. --De
Quincey.
Intellectualism \In`tel*lec"tu*al*ism\, n.
1. Intellectual power; intellectuality.
2. The doctrine that knowledge is derived from pure reason.
Intellectualist \In`tel*lec"tu*al*ist\, n.
1. One who overrates the importance of the understanding.
[R.] --Bacon.
2. One who accepts the doctrine of intellectualism.
Intellectuality \In`tel*lec`tu*al"i*ty\, n. [L.
intellectualitas: cf. F. intellectualit['e].]
Intellectual powers; possession of intellect; quality of
being intellectual.
Intellectualize \In`tel*lec"tu*al*ize\, v. t.
1. To treat in an intellectual manner; to discuss
intellectually; to reduce to intellectual form; to express
intellectually; to idealize.
Sentiment is intellectualized emotion. --Lowell.
2. To endow with intellect; to bestow intellectual qualities
upon; to cause to become intellectual.
Intellectually \In`tel*lec"tu*al*ly\, adv.
In an intellectual manner.
Intelligence \In*tel"li*gence\, n. [F. intelligence, L.
intelligentia, intellegentia. See {Intelligent}.]
1. The act or state of knowing; the exercise of the
understanding.
2. The capacity to know or understand; readiness of
comprehension; the intellect, as a gift or an endowment.
And dimmed with darkness their intelligence.
--Spenser.
3. Information communicated; news; notice; advice.
Intelligence is given where you are hid. --Shak.
4. Acquaintance; intercourse; familiarity. [Obs.]
He lived rather in a fair intelligence than any
friendship with the favorites. --Clarendon.
5. Knowledge imparted or acquired, whether by study,
research, or experience; general information.
I write as he that none intelligence Of meters hath,
ne flowers of sentence. --Court of
Love.
6. An intelligent being or spirit; -- generally applied to
pure spirits; as, a created intelligence. --Milton.
The great Intelligences fair That range above our
mortal state, In circle round the blessed gate,
Received and gave him welcome there. --Tennyson.
{Intelligence office}, an office where information may be
obtained, particularly respecting servants to be hired.
Syn: Understanding; intellect; instruction; advice; notice;
notification; news; information; report.
Intelligencer \In*tel"li*gen*cer\, n.
One who, or that which, sends or conveys intelligence or
news; a messenger.
All the intriguers in foreign politics, all the spies,
and all the intelligencers . . . acted solely upon that
principle. --Burke.
Intelligencing \In*tel"li*gen*cing\, a.
Informing; giving information; talebearing. [Obs.] --Shak.
That sad intelligencing tyrant. --Milton.
Intelligency \In*tel"li*gen*cy\, n.
Intelligence. [Obs.] --Evelyn.
Intelligent \In*tel"li*gent\, a. [L. intelligens, intellegens,
-entis, p. pr. of intelligere, intellegere, to perceive;
inter between + legere to gather, collect, choose: cf. F.
intelligent. See {Legend}.]
1. Endowed with the faculty of understanding or reason; as,
man is an intelligent being.
2. Possessed of intelligence, education, or judgment;
knowing; sensible; skilled; marked by intelligence; as, an
intelligent young man; an intelligent architect; an
intelligent answer.
3. Gognizant; aware; communicate. [Obs.]
Intelligent of seasons. --Milton.
Which are to France the spies and speculations
Intelligent of our state. --Shak.
Syn: Sensible; understanding. See {Sensible}.
Intelligential \In*tel`li*gen"tial\, a. [Cf. F. intelligentiel.]
[R.]
1. Of or pertaining to the intelligence; exercising or
implying understanding; intellectual. ``With act
intelligential.'' --Milton.
2. Consisting of unembodied mind; incorporeal.
Food alike those pure Intelligential substances
require. --Milton.
Intelligentiary \In*tel`li*gen"tia*ry\, n.
One who gives information; an intelligencer. [Obs.]
--Holinshed.
Intelligently \In*tel"li*gent*ly\, adv.
In an intelligent manner; with intelligence.
Intelligibility \In*tel`li*gi*bil"i*ty\, [Cf. F.
intelligilibilit['e].]
The quality or state of being intelligible; clearness;
perspicuity; definiteness.
Intelligible \In*tel"li*gi*ble\, [L. intellegibilis: cf. F.
intelligible. See {Intelligent}.]
Capable of being understood or comprehended; as, an
intelligible account or description; intelligible
pronunciation, writing, etc.
The intelligible forms of ancient poets. --Coleridge.
Syn: Comprehensible; perspicuous; plain; clear.
Intelligibleness \In*tel"li*gi*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being intelligible; intelligibility.
--Locke.
Intelligibly \In*tel"li*gi*bly\, adv.
In an intelligible manner; so as to be understood; clearly;
plainly; as, to write or speak intelligibly.
Intemerate \In*tem"er*ate\, Intemerated \In*tem"er*a`ted\, a.
[L. intemeratus; pref. in- not + temeratus defiled.]
Pure; undefiled. [Obs.]
Intemerateness \In*tem"er*ate*ness\, n.
The state of being unpolluted; purity. [Obs.] --Donne.
Intemerament \In*tem"er*a*ment\, n.
A bad state; as, the intemperament of an ulcerated part. [R.]
--Harvey.
Intemperance \In*tem"per*ance\, n. [F. intemp['e]rance, L.
intemperantia. See {In-} not, and {Temperance}.]
1. The act of becoming, or state of being, intemperate;
excess in any kind of action or indulgence; any immoderate
indulgence of the appetites or passions.
God is in every creature; be cruel toward none,
neither abuse any by intemperance. --Jer. Taylor.
Some, as thou sawest, by violent stroke shall die,
By fire, flood, famine, by intemperance more In
meats and drinks. --Milton.
2. Specifically: Habitual or excessive indulgence in
alcoholic liquors.
Intemperancy \In*tem"per*an*cy\, n.
Intemperance. [Obs.]
Intemperant \In*tem"per*ant\, a. [L. intemperans, -antis. See
{In-} not, and {Temperant}.]
Intemperate. [Obs.]
Such as be intemperant, that is, followers of their
naughty appetites and lusts. --Udall.
Intemperate \In*tem`per*ate\, a. [L. intemperatus. See {In-}
not, and {Temperate}.]
1. Indulging any appetite or passion to excess; immoderate to
enjoyments or exertion.
2. Specifically, addicted to an excessive or habitual use of
alcoholic liquors.
3. Excessive; ungovernable; inordinate; violent; immoderate;
as, intemperate language, zeal, etc.; intemperate weather.
Most do taste through fond intemperate thirst.
--Milton.
Use not thy mouth to intemperate swearing. --Ecclus.
xxiii. 13.
Intemperate \In*tem`per*ate\, v. t.
To disorder. [Obs.]
Intemperately \In*tem`per*ate*ly\, adv.
In an intemperate manner; immoderately; excessively; without
restraint.
The people . . . who behaved very unwisely and
intemperately on that occasion. --Burke.
Intemperateness \In*tem`per*ate*ness\, n.
1. The state of being intemperate; excessive indulgence of
any appetite or passion; as, intemperateness in eating or
drinking.
2. Severity of weather; inclemency. --Boyle.
By unseasonable weather, by intemperateness of the
air or meteors. --Sir M. Hale.
Intemperature \In*tem"per*a*ture\ (?; 135), n. [Cf. OF.
intemperature.]
Intemperateness. [Obs.] --Boyle.
Intempestive \In`tem*pes"tive\, a. [L. intempestivus: cf. F.
intempestif. See {In-} not, and {Tempestive}.]
Out of season; untimely. [Obs.] --Burton.
Intempestive bashfulness gets nothing. --Hales.
Intempestively \In`tem*pes"tive*ly\, adv.
Unseasonably. [Obs.]
Intempestivity \In*tem`pes*tiv"i*ty\, n. [L. intempestivitas:
cf. F. intempestivit['e].]
Unseasonableness; untimeliness. [Obs.] --Hales.
Intenable \In*ten"a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + tenable: cf. F.
intenable.]
Incapable of being held; untenable; not defensible; as, an
intenable opinion; an intenable fortress. [Obs.] --Bp.
Warburton.
Intend \In*tend"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intended}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Intending}.] [OE. entenden to be attentive, F. entendre,
fr. L. intendre, intentum, and intensum, to intend, attend,
stretch out, extend; pref. in- in + tendere to stretch,
stretch out. See {Tend}.]
1. To stretch' to extend; to distend. [Obs.]
By this the lungs are intended or remitted. --Sir M.
Hale.
2. To strain; to make tense. [Obs.]
When a bow is successively intended and remedied.
--Cudworth.
3. To intensify; to strengthen. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Magnetism may be intended and remitted. --Sir I.
Newton.
4. To apply with energy.
Let him intend his mind, without respite, without
rest, in one direction. --Emerson.
5. To bend or turn; to direct, as one's course or journey.
[Archaic] --Shak.
6. To fix the mind on; to attend to; to take care of; to
superintend; to regard. [Obs.]
Having no children, she did, with singular care and
tenderness, intend the education of Philip. --Bacon.
My soul, not being able to intend two things at
once, abated of its fervency in praying. --Fuller.
7. To fix the mind upon (something to be accomplished); to be
intent upon; to mean; to design; to plan; to purpose; --
often followed by an infinitely with to, or a dependent
clause with that; as, he intends to go; he intends that
she shall remain.
They intended evil against thee. --Ps. xxi. 11.
To-morrow he intends To hunt the boar with certain
of his friends. --Shak.
8. To design mechanically or artistically; to fashion; to
mold. [Obs.]
Modesty was made When she was first intended.
--Beau. & Fl.
9. To pretend; to counterfeit; to simulate. [Obs.]
Intend a kind of zeal both to the prince and
Claudio. --Shak.
Syn: To purpose; mean; design; plan; conceive; contemplate.
Intendancy \In*tend"an*cy\, n.; pl. {Intendancies}. [Cf. F.
intendance. See {Intendant}.]
1. The office or employment of an intendant.
2. A territorial district committed to the charge of an
intendant.
Intendant \In*tend"ant\, n. [F. intendant, fr. L. intendere to
direct (one's thoughts) to a thing. See {Intend}.]
One who has the charge, direction, or management of some
public business; a superintendent; as, an intendant of
marine; an intendant of finance.
Intendant \In*tend"ant\, a. [See {Intend}.]
Attentive. [Obs.]
Intended \In*tend"ed\, a.
1. Made tense; stretched out; extended; forcible; violent.
[Obs.] --Spenser.
2. Purposed; designed; as, intended harm or help.
They drew a curse from an intended good. --Cowper.
3. Betrothed; affianced; as, an intended husband.
Intended \In*tend"ed\, n.
One with whom marriage is designed; one who is betrothed; an
affianced lover.
If it were not that I might appear to disparage his
intended, . . . I would add that to me she seems to be
throwing herself away. --Dickens.
Intendedly \In*tend"ed*ly\, adv.
Intentionally. [R.] --Milton.
Intendent \In*tend"ent\, n.
See {Intendant}, n. [Obs.]
Intender \In*tend"er\, n.
One who intends. --Feltham.
Intendiment \In*tend"i*ment\, n. [LL. intendimentum. See
{Intendment}.]
Attention; consideration; knowledge; understanding. [Obs.]
--Spenser.
Intendment \In*tend"ment\, n. [OE. entendement understanding,
insight, F. entendement, fr. LL. intendimentum. See
{Intend}.]
1. Charge; oversight. [Obs.] --Ford.
2. Intention; design; purpose.
The intendment of God and nature. --Jer. Taylor.
3. (Law) The true meaning, understanding, or intention of a
law, or of any legal instrument.
Intenerate \In*ten"er*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intenerated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Intenerating}.] [Pref. in- in + L. tener
soft, tender. See {Tender}, a.]
To make tender or sensitive; to soften.
Fear intenerates the heart. --Bp. Hall.
So have I seen the little purls of a stream . . .
intenerate the stubborn pavement. --Jer. Taylor.
Intenerate \In*ten"er*ate\, a.
Made tender or soft; softened. [Obs.]
Inteneration \In*ten`er*a"tion\, n.
The act or process of intenerating, or the state of being
intenerated; softening. [R.] --Bacon.
Intenible \In*ten"i*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + L. tenere to hold:
cf. L. intenibilis not to be grasped. Cf. {Intenable}.]
Incapable of holding or containing. [Obs.]
This captious and intenible sieve. --Shak.
Intensate \In*ten"sate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intensated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Intensating}.] [See {Intense}.]
To intensify. [R.] --Emerson.
Intensation \In`ten*sa"tion\, n.
The act or process of intensifying; intensification; climax.
[R.] --Carlyle.
Intensative \In*ten"sa*tive\, a.
Adding intensity; intensifying.
Intense \In*tense"\, a. [L. intensus stretched, tight, p. p. of
intendere to stretch: cf. F. intense. See {Intend}, and cf.
{Intent}, and cf. {Intent}, a.]
1. Strained; tightly drawn; kept on the stretch; strict; very
close or earnest; as, intense study or application;
intense thought.
2. Extreme in degree; excessive; immoderate; as:
(a) Ardent; fervent; as, intense heat.
(b) Keen; biting; as, intense cold.
(c) Vehement; earnest; exceedingly strong; as, intense
passion or hate.
(d) Very severe; violent; as, intense pain or anguish.
(e) Deep; strong; brilliant; as, intense color or light.
In this intense seclusion of the forest.
--Hawthorne.
Intensely \In*tense"ly\, adv.
1. Intently. [Obs.] --J. Spencer.
2. To an extreme degree; as, weather intensely cold.
Intenseness \In*tense"ness\, n.
The state or quality of being intense; intensity; as, the
intenseness of heat or cold; the intenseness of study or
thought.
Intensification \In*ten`si*fi*ca"tion\, n.
The act or process of intensifying, or of making more
intense.
Intensifier \In*ten"si*fi`er\, n.
One who or that which intensifies or strengthens; in
photography, an agent used to intensify the lights or shadows
of a picture.
Intensify \In*ten"si*fy\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intensified}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Intensifying}.] [Intense + -fly.]
To render more intense; as, to intensify heat or cold; to
intensify colors; to intensify a photographic negative; to
intensify animosity. --Bacon.
How piercing is the sting of pride By want embittered
and intensified. --Longfellow.
Intensify \In*ten"si*fy\, v. i.
To become intense, or more intense; to act with increasing
power or energy.
Intension \In*ten"sion\, n. [L. intensio: cf. F. intension. See
{Intend}, and cf. {Intention}.]
1. A straining, stretching, or bending; the state of being
strained; as, the intension of a musical string.
2. Increase of power or energy of any quality or thing;
intenseness; fervency. --Jer. Taylor.
Sounds . . . likewise do rise and fall with the
intension or remission of the wind. --Bacon.
3. (Logic & Metaph.) The collective attributes, qualities, or
marks that make up a complex general notion; the
comprehension, content, or connotation; -- opposed to
{extension}, {extent}, or {sphere}.
This law is, that the intension of our knowledge is
in the inverse ratio of its extension. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
Intensitive \In*ten"si*tive\, a.
Increasing the force or intensity of; intensive; as, the
intensitive words of a sentence. --H. Sweet.
Intensity \In*ten"si*ty\, n. [LL. intensitas: cf. F.
intensit['e]. See {Intense}.]
1. The state or quality of being intense; intenseness;
extreme degree; as, intensity of heat, cold, mental
application, passion, etc.
If you would deepen the intensity of light, you must
be content to bring into deeper blackness and more
distinct and definite outline the shade that
accompanies it. --F. W. Robertson.
2. (Physics) The amount or degree of energy with which a
force operates or a cause acts; effectiveness, as
estimated by results produced.
3. (Mech.) The magnitude of a distributed force, as pressure,
stress, weight, etc., per unit of surface, or of volume,
as the case may be; as, the measure of the intensity of a
total stress of forty pounds which is distributed
uniformly over a surface of four square inches area is ten
pounds per square inch.
4. (Photog.) The degree or depth of shade in a picture.
Intensive \In*ten"sive\, a. [Cf. F. intensif. See {Intense}.]
1. Stretched; admitting of intension, or increase of degree;
that can be intensified. --Sir M. Hale.
2. Characterized by persistence; intent; unremitted;
assiduous; intense. [Obs.] --Sir H. Wotton.
3. (Gram.) Serving to give force or emphasis; as, an
intensive verb or preposition.
Intensive \In*ten"sive\, n.
That which intensifies or emphasizes; an intensive verb or
word.
Intensively \In*ten"sive*ly\, adv.
In an intensive manner; by increase of degree. --Abp.
Bramhall.
Intensiveness \In*ten"sive*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being intensive; intensity. --Sir M.
Hale.
Intent \In*tent"\, a. [L. intentus, p. p. of intendere. See
{Intend}, and cf. {Intense}.]
1. Closely directed; strictly attentive; bent; -- said of the
mind, thoughts, etc.; as, a mind intent on
self-improvement.
2. Having the mind closely directed to or bent on an object;
sedulous; eager in pursuit of an object; -- formerly with
to, but now with on; as, intent on business or pleasure.
``Intent on mischief.'' --Milton.
Be intent and solicitous to take up the meaning of
the speaker. --I. Watts.
Intent \In*tent"\, n. [OE. entent, entente, attention, purpose,
OF. entente, F. entente understanding, meaning; a participial
noun, fr. F. & OF. entendre. See {Intend}.]
The act of turning the mind toward an object; hence, a
design; a purpose; intention; meaning; drift; aim.
Be thy intents wicked or charitable. --Shak.
The principal intent of Scripture is to deliver the
?aws of duties supernatural. --Hooker.
{To all intents}, {and purposes}, in all applications or
senses; practically; really; virtually; essentially. ``He
was miserable to all intents and purpose.'' --L'Estrange.
Syn: Design; purpose; intention; meaning; purport; view;
drift; object; end; aim; plan.
Intentation \In`ten*ta"tion\, n.
Intention. [Obs.]
Intention \In*ten"tion\, n. [F. intention, L. intentio. See
{Intend}, and cf. {Intension}.]
1. A stretching or bending of the mind toward of the mind
toward an object; closeness of application; fixedness of
attention; earnestness.
Intention is when the mind, with great earnestness,
and of choice, fixes its view on any idea. --Locke.
2. A determination to act in a certain way or to do a certain
thing; purpose; design; as, an intention to go to New
York.
Hell is paved with good intentions. --Johnson.
3. The object toward which the thoughts are directed; end;
aim.
In [chronical distempers], the principal intention
is to restore the tone of the solid parts.
--Arbuthnot.
4. The state of being strained. See {Intension}. [Obs.]
5. (Logic) Any mental apprehension of an object.
{First intention} (Logic), a conception of a thing formed by
the first or direct application of the mind to the
individual object; an idea or image; as, man, stone.
{Second intention} (Logic), a conception generalized from
first intuition or apprehension already formed by the
mind; an abstract notion; especially, a classified notion,
as species, genus, whiteness.
{To heal by the first intention} (Surg.), to cicatrize, as a
wound, without suppuration.
{To heal by the second intention} (Surg.), to unite after
suppuration.
Syn: Design; purpose; object; aim; intent; drift; purport;
meaning. See {Design}.
Intentional \In*ten"tion*al\, a. [Cf. F. intentionnel.]
Done by intention or design; intended; designed; as, the act
was intentional, not accidental.
Intentionality \In*ten`tion*al"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being intentional; purpose; design.
--Coleridge.
Intentionally \In*ten"tion*al*ly\, adv.
In an intentional manner; with intention; by design; of
purpose.
Intentioned \In*ten"tioned\, a.
Having designs; -- chiefly used in composition; as,
well-intentioned, having good designs; ill-intentioned,
having ill designs.
Intentive \In*ten"tive\, a. [OE. ententif, OF. ententif, fr. L.
intentivus intensive. See {Intent}, n., and cf. {Intensive}.]
Attentive; intent. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Intentively \In*ten"tive*ly\, adv.
Attentively; closely. [Obs.] ``Intentively to observe.''
--Holland.
Intentiveness \In*ten"tive*ness\, n.
Closeness of attention or application of mind; attentiveness.
[Obs.] --W. Montagu.
Intently \In*tent"ly\, adv.
In an intent manner; as, the eyes intently fixed.
Syn: Fixedly; steadfastly; earnestly; attentively;
sedulously; diligently; eagerly.
Intentness \In*tent"ness\, n.
The state or quality of being intent; close application;
attention.
Extreme solicitude or intentness upon business.
--South.
Inter- \In"ter-\ [L. inter, prep., among, between, a compar.
form of in in; akin to intra, intro, within, Skr. antar
between, in, and E. in. See {In}, and cf. {Entrails},
{Interior}, {Enter-}, {Exterior}.]
A prefix signifying among, between, amid; as, interact,
interarticular, intermit.
Inter \In*ter"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interred}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Interring}.] [OE. enteren, OF. enterer, enterrer, LL.
interrare; L. pref. in- in + terra the earth. See {Terrace}.]
To deposit and cover in the earth; to bury; to inhume; as, to
inter a dead body. --Shak.
Interact \In`ter*act"\, n. [Pref. inter- + act. Cf.
{Entr'acte}.]
A short act or piece between others, as in a play; an
interlude; hence, intermediate employment or time.
--Chesterfield.
Interact \In`ter*act"\, v. i.
To act upon each other; as, two agents mutually interact.
--Emerson. Tyndall.
Interaction \In`ter*ac"tion\, n.
1. Intermediate action.
2. Mutual or reciprocal action or influence; as, the
interaction of the heart and lungs on each other.
Interadditive \In`ter*ad"di*tive\, a.
Added or placed between the parts of another thing, as a
clause inserted parenthetically in a sentence.
Interagency \In`ter*a"gen*cy\, n.
Intermediate agency.
Interagent \In`ter*a"gent\, n.
An intermediate agent.
Interall \In"ter*all\, n.
Entrail or inside. [Obs.] --G. Fletcher.
Interalveolar \In`ter*al"ve*o*lar\, a. (Anat.)
Between alveoli; as, the interalveolar septa between adjacent
air cells in the lungs.
Interambulacral \In`ter*am`bu*la"cral\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of or pertaining to the interambulacra.
Interambulacrum \In`ter*am`bu*la"crum\, n.; pl. L.
{Interambulacra}, E. {Interambulacrums}. (Zo["o]l.)
In echinoderms, one of the areas or zones intervening between
two ambulacra. See Illust. of {Ambulacrum}.
Interamnian \In`ter*am"ni*an\, a. [Pref. inter- + L. amnis
river: cf. L. interamnus.]
Situated between rivers. [R.] ``An interamnian country.''
--J. Bryant.
Interanimate \In`ter*an"i*mate\, v. t.
To animate or inspire mutually. [Obs.] --Donne.
Interarboration \In`ter*ar`bo*ra"tion\, n.
The interweaving of branches of trees. [R.] --Sir T. Browne.
Interarticular \In`ter*ar*tic"u*lar\, a. (Anat.)
Situated between joints or articulations; as, interarticular
cartilages and ligaments.
Interatomic \In`ter*a*tom"ic\, a. (Chem. & Physics)
Between atoms; situated, or acting, between the atoms of
bodies; as, interatomic forces.
Interaulic \In`ter*au"lic\, a.
Existing between royal courts. [R.] ``Interaulic politics.''
--Motley.
Interauricular \In`ter*au*ric"u*lar\, a. (Anat.)
Between the auricles; as, the interauricular partition of the
heart.
Interaxal \In`ter*ax"al\, a. (Arch.)
Situated in an interaxis. --Gwilt.
Interaxillary \In`ter*ax"il*la*ry\, a. (Bot.)
Situated within or between the axils of leaves.
Interaxis \In`ter*ax"is\, n.; pl. {Interaxes}. (Arch.)
The space between two axes. See {Axis}, 6.
The doors, windows, niches, and the like, are then
placed centrally in the interaxes. --Gwilt.
Interbastation \In`ter*bas*ta"tion\, n. [Pref. inter- + baste to
sew.]
Patchwork. [Obs.] --Dr. J. Smith.
Interbrachial \In`ter*brach"i*al\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Between the arms.
Interbrain \In`ter*brain`\, n. (Anat.)
See {Thalamencephalon}.
Interbranchial \In`ter*bran"chi*al\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Between the branchi[ae].
Interbreed \In`ter*breed"\, v. t. & i.
To breed by crossing different stocks of animals or plants.
Intercalar \In*ter"ca*lar\, a.
Intercalary.
Intercalary \In*ter"ca*la*ry\ (?; 277), a. [L. intercalaris,
intercalarius: cf. F. intercalaire. See {Intercalate}.]
1. (Chron.) Inserted or introduced among others in the
calendar; as, an intercalary month, day, etc.; -- now
applied particularly to the odd day (Feb. 29) inserted in
the calendar of leap year. See {Bissextile}, n.
2. Introduced or inserted among others; additional;
supernumerary. ``Intercalary spines.'' --Owen.
This intercalary line . . . is made the last of a
triplet. --Beattie.
{Intercalary day} (Med.), one on which no paroxysm of an
intermittent disease occurs. --Mayne.
Intercalate \In*ter"ca*late\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Intercalated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Intercalating}.] [L.
intercalatus, p. p. of intercalare to intercalate to
intercalate; inter between + calare to call, proclaim. See
{Calendar}.]
1. (Chron.) To insert, as a day or other portion of time, in
a calendar.
2. To insert among others, as a verse in a stanza; specif.
(Geol.), to introduce as a bed or stratum, between the
layers of a regular series of rocks.
Beds of fresh-water shells . . . are intercalated
and interstratified with the shale. --Mantell.
Intercalation \In*ter`ca*la"tion\, n. [L. intercalatio: cf. F.
intercalation.]
1. (Chron.) The insertion of a day, or other portion of time,
in a calendar.
2. The insertion or introduction of anything among others, as
the insertion of a phrase, line, or verse in a metrical
composition; specif. (Geol.), the intrusion of a bed or
layer between other layers.
Intercalations of fresh-water species in some
localities. --Mantell.
Intercarotid \In`ter*ca*rot"id\, a. (Anat.)
Situated between the external and internal carotid arteries;
as, an intercarotid ganglion.
Intercarpal \In`ter*car"pal\, a. (Anat.)
Between the carpal bone; as, intercarpal articulations,
ligaments.
Intercartilaginous \In`ter*car`ti*lag"i*nous\, a. (Anat.)
Within cartilage; endochondral; as, intercartilaginous
ossification.
Intercavernous \In`ter*cav"ern*ous\, a. (Anat.)
Between the cavernous sinuses; as, the intercavernous sinuses
connecting the cavernous sinuses at the base of the brain.
Intercede \In`ter*cede"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Interceded}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interceding}.] [L. intercedere, intercessum;
inter between + cedere to pass: cf. F. interc['e]der. See
{Cede}.]
1. To pass between; to intervene. [Obs.]
He supposed that a vast period interceded between
that origination and the age wherein he lived. --Sir
M. Hale.
2. To act between parties with a view to reconcile
differences; to make intercession; to beg or plead in
behalf of another; to mediate; -- usually followed by with
and for; as, I will intercede with him for you.
I to the lords will intercede, not doubting Their
favorable ear. --Milton.
Syn: To mediate; arbitrate. See {Interpose}.
Intercede \In`ter*cede"\, v. t.
To be, to come, or to pass, between; to separate. [Obs.]
--Sir I. Newton.
Intercedence \In`ter*ced"ence\, n.
The act of interceding; intercession; intervention. [R.]
--Bp. Reynolds.
Intercedent \In`ter*ced"ent\, a. [L. intercedens, p. pr. of
intercedere.]
Passing between; mediating; pleading. [R.] --
{In`ter*ced"ent*ly}, adv.
Interceder \In`ter*ced"er\, n.
One who intercedes; an intercessor; a mediator. --Johnson.
Intercellular \In`ter*cel"lu*lar\, a.
Lying between cells or cellules; as, intercellular substance,
space, or fluids; intercellular blood channels.
Intercentral \In`ter*cen"tral\, a.
Between centers.
{Intercentral nerves} (Physiol.), those nerves which transmit
impulses between nerve centers, as opposed to peripheral
fibers, which convey impulses between peripheral parts and
nerve centers.
Intercentrum \In`ter*cen"trum\, n.; pl. {Intercentra}. (Anat.)
The median of the three elements composing the centra of the
vertebr[ae] in some fossil batrachians.
Intercept \In`ter*cept"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intercepted}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Intercepting}.] [L. interceptus, p. p. of
intercipere to intercept; inter between + capere to take,
seize: cf. F. intercepter. See {Capable}.]
1. To take or seize by the way, or before arrival at the
destined place; to cause to stop on the passage; as, to
intercept a letter; a telegram will intercept him at
Paris.
God will shortly intercept your breath. --Joye.
2. To obstruct or interrupt the progress of; to stop; to
hinder or oppose; as, to intercept the current of a river.
Who intercepts me in my expedition? --Shak.
We must meet first, and intercept his course.
--Dryden.
3. To interrupt communication with, or progress toward; to
cut off, as the destination; to blockade.
While storms vindictive intercept the shore. --Pope.
4. (Math.) To include between; as, that part of the line
which is intercepted between the points A and B.
Syn: To cut off; stop; catch; seize; obstruct.
Intercept \In"ter*cept`\, n. (Math.)
A part cut off or intercepted, as a portion of a line
included between two points, or cut off two straight lines or
curves.
Intercepter \In`ter*cept"er\, n.
One who, or that which, intercepts. --Shak.
Interception \In`ter*cep"tion\, n. [L. interceptio a taking
away: cf. F. interception.]
The act of intercepting; as, interception of a letter;
interception of the enemy.
Interceptive \In`ter*cept"ive\, a.
Intercepting or tending to intercept.
Intercession \In`ter*ces"sion\, n. [L. intercessio an
intervention, a becoming surety: cf. F. intercession. See
{Intercede}.]
The act of interceding; mediation; interposition between
parties at variance, with a view to reconcilation; prayer,
petition, or entreaty in favor of, or (less often) against,
another or others.
But the Spirit itself maketh intercession for us with
groanings which can not be uttered. --Rom. viii.
26.
Intercessional \In`ter*ces"sion*al\, a.
Pertaining to, of the nature of, or characterized by,
intercession or entreaty.
Intercessionate \In`ter*ces"sion*ate\, v. t.
To entreat. [Obs.]
Intercessor \In`ter*ces"sor\, n. [L., a surety: cf. F.
intercesseur.]
1. One who goes between, or intercedes; a mediator.
(a) One who interposes between parties at variance, with a
view to reconcile them.
(b) One who pleads in behalf of another. --Milton.
2. (Eccl.) A bishop, who, during a vacancy of the see,
administers the bishopric till a successor is installed.
Intercessorial \In`ter*ces*so"ri*al\, a.
Intercessory.
Intercessory \In`ter*ces"so*ry\, a. [LL. intercessorius.]
Pertaining to, of the nature of, or characterized by,
intercession; interceding; as, intercessory prayer.
Interchain \In`ter*chain"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interchained};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Interchaining}.]
To link together; to unite closely or firmly, as by a chain.
Two bosoms interchained with an oath. --Shak.
Interchange \In`ter*change"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Interchanged}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Interchanging}.] [OE.
entrechangen, OF. entrechangier. See {Inter-}, and {Change}.]
1. To put each in the place of the other; to give and take
mutually; to exchange; to reciprocate; as, to interchange
places; they interchanged friendly offices and services.
I shall interchange My waned state for Henry's regal
crown. --Shak.
2. To cause to follow alternately; to intermingle; to vary;
as, to interchange cares with pleasures.
Interchange \In`ter*change"\, v. i.
To make an interchange; to alternate. --Sir P. Sidney.
Interchange \In`ter*change"\, n. [Cf. OF. entrechange.]
1. The act of mutually changing; the act of mutually giving
and receiving; exchange; as, the interchange of civilities
between two persons. ``Interchange of kindnesses.''
--South.
2. The mutual exchange of commodities between two persons or
countries; barter; commerce. --Howell.
3. Alternate succession; alternation; a mingling.
The interchanges of light and darkness. --Holder.
Sweet interchange Of hill and valley, rivers, woods,
and plains. --Milton.
Interchangeability \In`ter*change`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being interchangeable;
interchangeableness.
Interchangeable \In`ter*change"a*ble\, a. [Cf. OF.
entrechangeable.]
1. Admitting of exchange or mutual substitution.
``Interchangeable warrants.'' --Bacon.
2. Following each other in alternate succession; as, the four
interchangeable seasons. --Holder. --
{In`ter*change"a*ble*ness}, n. -- {In`ter*change"a*bly},
adv.
Interchangement \In`ter*change"ment\, n. [Cf. OF.
entrechangement.]
Mutual transfer; exchange. [Obs.] --Shak.
Interchapter \In`ter*chap"ter\, n.
An intervening or inserted chapter.
Intercidence \In*ter"ci*dence\, n. [See {Intercident}.]
The act or state of coming or falling between; occurrence;
incident. [Obs.] --Holland.
Intercident \In*ter"ci*dent\, a. [L. intercidens, -entis, p. pr.
of intercidere to fall between; inter between + cadere to
fall.]
Falling or coming between; happening accidentally. [Obs.]
--Boyle.
Intercipient \In`ter*cip"i*ent\, a. [L. intercipiens, -entis, p.
pr. of intercipere. See {Intercept}.]
Intercepting; stopping. -- n. One who, or that which,
intercepts or stops anything on the passage. --Wiseman.
Inrecision \In`re*ci"sion\, n. [L. intercisio a cutting through,
fr. intercidere to cut asunder.]
A cutting off, through, or asunder; interruption. [R.] --Sir
T. Browne.
Intercitizenship \In`ter*cit"i*zen*ship\, n.
The mutual right to civic privileges, in the different
States. --Bancroft.
Interclavicle \In`ter*clav"i*cle\, n. (Anat.)
See {Episternum}.
Interclavicular \In`ter*cla*vic"u*lar\, a. (Anat.)
(a) Between the clavicles; as, the interclavicular notch of
the sternum.
(b) Of or pertaining to the interclavicle.
Interclose \In`ter*close"\, v. t. [Pref. inter- + close. See
{Interclude}.]
To shut in; to inclose. [Obs.]
Intercloud \In`ter*cloud"\, v. t.
To cloud. [R.] --Daniel.
Interclude \In`ter*clude"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intercluded};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Intercluding}.] [L. intercludere,
interclusum; inter between + claudere to shut. See {Close},
and cf. {Interclose}.]
To shut off or out from a place or course, by something
intervening; to intercept; to cut off; to interrupt.
--Mitford.
So all passage of external air into the receiver may be
intercluded. --Boyle.
Interclusion \In`ter*clu"sion\, n. [L. interclusio. See
{Interclude}.]
Interception; a stopping ? obstruction.
Intercollegiate \In`ter*col*le"gi*ate\, a.
Existing or carried on between colleges or universities; as,
intercollegiate relations, rivalry, games, etc.
Intercolline \In`ter*col"line\, a. (Geol.)
Situated between hills; -- applied especially to valleys
lying between volcanic cones.
Intercolonial \In`ter*co*lo"ni*al\, a.
Between or among colonies; pertaining to the intercourse or
mutual relations of colonies; as, intercolonial trade. --
{In`ter*co*lo"ni*al*ly}, adv.
Intercolumnar \In`ter*co*lum"nar\, a.
Between columns or pillars; as, the intercolumnar fibers of
Poupart's ligament; an intercolumnar statue.
Intercolumniation \In`ter*co*lum`ni*a"tion\, n. (Arch.)
The clear space between two columns, measured at the bottom
of their shafts. --Gwilt.
Note: It is customary to measure the intercolumniation in
terms of the diameter of the shaft, taken also at the
bottom. Different words, derived from the Greek, are in
use to denote certain common proportions. They are:
{Pycnostyle}, when the intercolumniation is of one and
a half diameters; {Systyle}, of two diameters;
{Eustyle}, of two and a quarter diameters; {Diastyle},
of three diameters; {Ar[ae]ostyle}, of four or more,
and so great that a wooden architrave has to be used
instead of stone; {Ar[ae]osystyle}, when the
intercolumniations are alternately systyle and
ar[ae]ostyle.
Intercombat \In`ter*com"bat\, n.
Combat. [Obs.] --Daniel.
Intercoming \In`ter*com"ing\, n.
The act of coming between; intervention; interference. [Obs.]
Intercommon \In`ter*com"mon\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Intercommoned}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Intercommoning}.] [OF.
entrecommuner. See {Inter-}, and {Common}, and cf.
{Intercommune}.]
1. To share with others; to participate; especially, to eat
at the same table. [Obs.] --Bacon.
2. (O. Eng. Law) To graze cattle promiscuously in the commons
of each other, as the inhabitants of adjoining townships,
manors, etc.
Intercommonage \In`ter*com"mon*age\, n. (O. Eng. Law)
The right or privilege of intercommoning.
Intercommune \In`ter*com*mune"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p.
{Intercommuned}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Intercommuning}.] [Cf.
{Intercommon}, {Intercommunicate}, {Commune}.]
1. To intercommunicate. [Obs.]
2. To have mutual communication or intercourse by
conservation. [Scot.]
Intercommunicable \In`ter*com*mu"ni*ca*ble\, a.
Capable of being mutually communicated.
Intercommunicate \In`ter*com*mu"ni*cate\, v. i.
To communicate mutually; to hold mutual communication.
Intercommunicate \In`ter*com*mu"ni*cate\, v. t.
To communicate mutually; to interchange. --Holland.
Intercommunication \In`ter*com*mu`ni*ca"tion\, n.
Mutual communication. --Owen.
Intercommunion \In`ter*com*mun"ion\, n.
Mutual communion; as, an intercommunion of deities. --Faber.
Intercommunity \In`ter*com*mu"ni*ty\, n.
Intercommunication; community of possessions, religion, etc.
In consequence of that intercommunity of paganism . . .
one nation adopted the gods of another. --Bp.
Warburton.
Intercomparison \In`ter*com*par"i*son\, n.
Mutual comparison of corresponding parts.
Intercondylar \In`ter*con"dy*lar\, Intercondyloid
\In`ter*con"dy*loid\, a. (Anat.)
Between condyles; as, the intercondylar fossa or notch of the
femur.
Interconnect \In`ter*con*nect"\, v. t.
To join together.
Interconnection \In`ter*con*nec"tion\, n.
Connection between; mutual connection.
Intercontinental \In`ter*con`ti*nen"tal\, a.
Between or among continents; subsisting or carried on between
continents; as, intercontinental relations or commerce.
Interconvertible \In`ter*con*vert"i*ble\, a.
Convertible the one into the other; as, coin and bank notes
are interconvertible.
Intercostal \In`ter*cos"tal\, a. (Anat. & Physiol.)
Between the ribs; pertaining to, or produced by, the parts
between the ribs; as, intercostal respiration, in which the
chest is alternately enlarged and contracted by the
intercostal muscles.
Intercourse \In"ter*course\, n. [Formerly entercourse, OF.
entrecours commerce, exchange, F. entrecours a reciprocal
right on neighboring lands, L. intercursus a running between,
fr. intercurrere to run between. See {Inter-}, and {Course}.]
A commingling; intimate connection or dealings between
persons or nations, as in common affairs and civilities, in
correspondence or trade; communication; commerce; especially,
interchange of thought and feeling; association; communion.
This sweet intercourse Of looks and smiles. --Milton.
{Sexual intercourse}, sexual or carnal connection; coition.
Syn: Communication; connection; commerce; communion;
fellowship; familiarity; acquaintance.
Intercross \In`ter*cross"\ (?; 115), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p.
{Intercrossed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Intercrossing}.]
1. To cross each other, as lines.
2. (Biol.) To fertilize by the impregnation of one species or
variety by another; to impregnate by a different species
or variety.
Intercross \In"ter*cross`\, n.
The process or result of cross fertilization between
different kinds of animals, or different varieties of plants.
We have reason to believe that occasional intercrosses
take place with all animals and plants. --Darwin.
Intercrural \In`ter*cru"ral\, a. (Anat.)
Between crura; -- applied especially to the interneural
plates in the vertebral column of many cartilaginous fishes.
Intercur \In`ter*cur"\, v. i. [L. intercurrere. See
{Intercourse}.]
To intervene; to come or occur in the meantime. [Obs.]
--Shelton.
Intercurrence \In`ter*cur"rence\, n. [See {Intercurrent}.]
A passing or running between; occurrence. --Boyle.
Intercurrent \In`ter*cur"rent\, a. [L. intercurrens, p. pr. of
intercurrere: cf. F. intercurrent. See {Intercur}.]
1. Running between or among; intervening. --Boyle. Bp. Fell.
2. (Med.)
(a) Not belonging to any particular season.
(b) Said of diseases occurring in the course of another
disease. --Dunglison.
Intercurrent \In`ter*cur"rent\, n.
Something intervening. --Holland.
Intercutaneous \In`ter*cu*ta"ne*ous\, a.
Subcutaneous.
Interdash \In`ter*dash"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interdashed}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interdashing}.]
To dash between or among; to intersperse. --Cowper.
Interdeal \In`ter*deal"\, v. i.
To intrigue. [Obs.] --Daniel.
Interdental \In`ter*den"tal\, a.
1. Situated between teeth; as, an interdental space, the
space between two teeth in a gear wheel.
2. (Phon.) Formed between the upper and lower teeth; as,
interdental consonants.
Interdentil \In`ter*den"til\, n. (Arch.)
The space between two dentils. --Gwilt.
Interdependence \In`ter*de*pend"ence\, n.
Mutual dependence. ``The interdependence of virtue and
knowledge.'' --M. Arnold.
Interdependency \In`ter*de*pend"en*cy\, n.
Mutual dependence; as, interdependency of interests. --De
Quincey.
Interdependent \In`ter*de*pend"ent\, a.
Mutually dependent.
Interdict \In`ter*dict"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interdicted}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interdicting}.] [OE. entrediten to forbid
communion, L. interdicere, interdictum. See {Interdict}, n.]
1. To forbid; to prohibit or debar; as, to interdict
intercourse with foreign nations.
Charged not to touch the interdicted tree. --Milton.
2. (Eccl.) To lay under an interdict; to cut off from the
enjoyment of religious privileges, as a city, a church, an
individual.
An archbishop may not only excommunicate and
interdict his suffragans, but his vicar general may
do the same. --Ayliffe.
Interdict \In"ter*dict`\, n. [OE. entredit, enterdit, OF.
entredit, F. interdit, fr. L. interdictum, fr. interdicere to
interpose, prohibit; inter between + dicere to say. See
{Diction}.]
1. A prohibitory order or decree; a prohibition.
These are not fruits forbidden; no interdict Defends
the touching of these viands pure. --Milton.
2. (R. C. Ch.) A prohibition of the pope, by which the clergy
or laymen are restrained from performing, or from
attending, divine service, or from administering the
offices or enjoying the privileges of the church.
3. (Scots Law) An order of the court of session, having the
like purpose and effect with a writ of injunction out of
chancery in England and America.
Interdiction \In`ter*dic"tion\, n. [L. interdictio: cf. F.
interdiction.]
The act of interdicting; prohibition; prohibiting decree;
curse; interdict.
The truest issue of thy throne By his own interdiction
stands accurst. --Shak.
Interdictive \In`ter*dict"ive\, a.
Having the power to prohibit; as, an interdictive sentence.
--Milton.
Interdictory \In`ter*dict"o*ry\, a. [L. interdictorius.]
Belonging to an interdiction; prohibitory.
Interdigital \In`ter*dig"i*tal\, a. (Anat.)
Between the fingers or toes; as, interdigital space.
Interdigitate \In`ter*dig"i*tate\, v. t.
To interweave. [R.]
Interdigitate \In`ter*dig"i*tate\, v. i. [Pref. inter- + L.
digitus finger.]
To interlock, as the fingers of two hands that are joined; to
be interwoven; to commingle. --Owen.
Interdigitation \In`ter*dig`i*ta"tion\, n. (Anat.)
The state of interdigitating; interdigital space. --Owen.
Interdome \In"ter*dome`\, n. (Arch.)
The open space between the inner and outer shells of a dome
or cupola of masonry.
Interduce \In"ter*duce\, n. [Cf. F. entre-deux, literally,
between two.] (Carp.)
An intertie.
Interepimeral \In"ter*e*pim"er*al\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Between the epimeral plates of insects and crustaceans.
Interequinoctial \In`ter*e`qui*noc"tial\, a.
Coming between the equinoxes.
Summer and winter I have called interequinoctial
intervals. --F. Balfour.
Interess \In"ter*ess\, v. t. [See {Interest}, v. t.]
To interest or affect. [Obs.] --Hooker.
Interesse \In"ter*esse\, n.
Interest. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Interest \In"ter*est\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interested}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Interesting}.] [From interess'd, p. p. of the older
form interess, fr. F. int['e]resser, L. interesse. See
{Interest}, n.]
1. To engage the attention of; to awaken interest in; to
excite emotion or passion in, in behalf of a person or
thing; as, the subject did not interest him; to interest
one in charitable work.
To love our native country . . . to be interested in
its concerns is natural to all men. --Dryden.
A goddess who used to interest herself in marriages.
--Addison.
2. To be concerned with or engaged in; to affect; to concern;
to excite; -- often used impersonally. [Obs.]
Or rather, gracious sir, Create me to this glory,
since my cause Doth interest this fair quarrel.
--Ford.
3. To cause or permit to share. [Obs.]
The mystical communion of all faithful men is such
as maketh every one to be interested in those
precious blessings which any one of them receiveth
at God's hands. --Hooker.
Syn: To concern; excite; attract; entertain; engage; occupy;
hold.
Interest \In"ter*est\, n. [OF. interest, F. int['e]r[^e]t, fr.
L. interest it interests, is of interest, fr. interesse to be
between, to be difference, to be importance; inter between +
esse to be; cf. LL. interesse usury. See {Essence}.]
1. Excitement of feeling, whether pleasant or painful,
accompanying special attention to some object; concern.
Note: Interest expresses mental excitement of various kinds
and degrees. It may be intellectual, or sympathetic and
emotional, or merely personal; as, an interest in
philosophical research; an interest in human suffering;
the interest which an avaricious man takes in money
getting.
So much interest have I in thy sorrow. --Shak.
2. Participation in advantage, profit, and responsibility;
share; portion; part; as, an interest in a brewery; he has
parted with his interest in the stocks.
3. Advantage, personal or general; good, regarded as a
selfish benefit; profit; benefit.
Divisions hinder the common interest and public
good. --Sir W.
Temple.
When interest calls of all her sneaking train.
--Pope.
4. Premium paid for the use of money, -- usually reckoned as
a percentage; as, interest at five per cent per annum on
ten thousand dollars.
They have told their money, and let out Their coin
upon large interest. --Shak.
5. Any excess of advantage over and above an exact equivalent
for what is given or rendered.
You shall have your desires with interest. --Shak.
6. The persons interested in any particular business or
measure, taken collectively; as, the iron interest; the
cotton interest.
{Compound interest}, interest, not only on the original
principal, but also on unpaid interest from the time it
fell due.
{Simple interest}, interest on the principal sum without
interest on overdue interest.
Interested \In"ter*est*ed\, a. [See {Interest}, v. t.]
1. Having the attention engaged; having emotion or passion
excited; as, an interested listener.
2. Having an interest; concerned in a cause or in
consequences; liable to be affected or prejudiced; as, an
interested witness.
Interestedness \In"ter*est*ed*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being interested; selfishness.
--Richardson.
Interesting \In"ter*est*ing\, a.
Engaging the attention; exciting, or adapted to excite,
interest, curiosity, or emotion; as, an interesting story;
interesting news. --Cowper.
Interestingly \In"ter*est*ing*ly\, adv.
In an interesting manner.
Interestingness \In"ter*est*ing*ness\, n.
The condition or quality of being interesting. --A. Smith.
Interfacial \In`ter*fa"cial\, a. (Geom.)
Included between two plane surfaces or faces; as, an
interfacial angle.
Interfascicular \In`ter*fas*cic"u*lar\, a. (Anat.)
Between fascicles or bundles; as, the interfascicular spaces
of connective tissue.
Interferant \In`ter*fer"ant\, n. (Law)
One of the contestants in interference before the Patent
Office. [U.S.]
Interfere \In`ter*fere"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Interfered}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interfering}.] [OF. entreferir to strike each
other; entre between (L. inter) + OF. ferir to strike, F.
f['e]rir, fr. L. ferire. See {Ferula}.]
1. To come in collision; to be in opposition; to clash; as,
interfering claims, or commands.
2. To enter into, or take a part in, the concerns of others;
to intermeddle; to interpose.
To interfere with party disputes. --Swift.
There was no room for anyone to interfere with his
own opinions. --Bp.
Warburton.
3. To strike one foot against the opposite foot or ankle in
using the legs; -- sometimes said of a human being, but
usually of a horse; as, the horse interferes.
4. (Physics) To act reciprocally, so as to augment, diminish,
or otherwise affect one another; -- said of waves, rays of
light, heat, etc. See {Interference}, 2.
5. (Patent Law) To cover the same ground; to claim the same
invention.
Syn: To interpose; intermeddle. See {Interpose}.
Interference \In`ter*fer"ence\, n. [See {Interfere}.]
1. The act or state of interfering; as, the stoppage of a
machine by the interference of some of its parts; a
meddlesome interference in the business of others.
2. (Physics) The mutual influence, under certain conditions,
of two streams of light, or series of pulsations of sound,
or, generally, two waves or vibrations of any kind,
producing certain characteristic phenomena, as colored
fringes, dark bands, or darkness, in the case of light,
silence or increased intensity in sounds; neutralization
or superposition of waves generally.
Note: The term is most commonly applied to light, and the
undulatory theory of light affords the proper
explanation of the phenomena which are considered to be
produced by the superposition of waves, and are thus
substantially identical in their origin with the
phenomena of heat, sound, waves of water, and the like.
3. (Patent Law) The act or state of interfering, or of
claiming a right to the same invention.
{Interference figures} (Optics), the figures observed when
certain sections of crystallized bodies are viewed in
converging polarized light; thus, a section of a uniaxial
crystal, cut normal to the vertical axis, shows a series
of concentric colored rings with a single black cross; --
so called because produced by the interference of luminous
waves.
{Interference fringe}. (Optics) See {Fringe}.
Interferer \In`ter*fer"er\, n.
One who interferes.
Interferingly \In`ter*fer"ing*ly\, adv.
By or with interference.
Interflow \In`ter*flow"\, v. i.
To flow in. [R.] --Holland.
Interfluent \In*ter"flu*ent\, Interfluous \In*ter"flu*ous\, a.
[L. interfluens, p. pr., and interfluus. See {Inter-}, and
{Fluent}.]
Flowing between or among; intervening. --Boyle.
Interfolded \In`ter*fold"ed\, p. a.
Intertwined; interlocked; clasped together. --Longfellow.
Interfoliaceous \In`ter*fo`li*a"ceous\, a. [Pref. inter- +
foliaceous: cf. F. interfoliac['e].] (Bot.)
At the same node with opposite or whorled leaves, but
occupying a position between their places of attachment.
Interfoliate \In`ter*fo"li*ate\, v. t. [Pref. inter- + L. folium
leaf.]
To interleave. [Obs.] --Evelyn.
Interfollicular \In`ter*fol*lic"u*lar\, a. (Anat.)
Between follicles; as, the interfollicular septa in a
lymphatic gland.
Interfretted \In`ter*fret"ted\, a. (Her.)
Interlaced; linked together; -- said of charges or bearings.
See {Fretted}.
Interfulgent \In`ter*ful"gent\, a. [L. interfulgens, p. pr. See
{Inter-}, and {Fulgent}.]
Shining between.
Interfuse \In`ter*fuse"\, v. t. [L. interfusus, p. p. of
interfundere to pour between; inter between + fundere to
pour. See {Fuse} to melt.]
1. To pour or spread between or among; to diffuse; to
scatter.
The ambient air, wide interfused, Embracing round
this florid earth. --Milton.
2. To spread through; to permeate; to pervade. [R.]
Keats, in whom the moral seems to have so perfectly
interfused the physical man, that you might almost
say he could feel sorrow with his hands. --Lowell.
3. To mix up together; to associate. --H. Spencer.
Interfusion \In`ter*fu"sion\, n. [L. interfusio.]
The act of interfusing, or the state of being interfused.
--Coleridge.
Interganglionic \In`ter*gan`gli*on"ic\, a. (Anat.)
Between and uniting the nervous ganglions; as,
interganglionic cords.
Interglobular \In`ter*glob"u*lar\, a. (Anat.)
Between globules; -- applied esp. to certain small spaces,
surrounded by minute globules, in dentine.
Intergrave \In`ter*grave"\, v. t. [imp. {Intergraved}; p. p.
{Intergraved} or {Intergraven} (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
{Intergraving}.]
To grave or carve between; to engrave in the alternate
sections.
The work itself of the bases, was intergraven. --3
Kings vii. 28
(Douay
version. )
Interhemal \In`ter*he"mal\, Interhaemal \In`ter*h[ae]"mal\, a.
(Anat.)
Between the hemal arches or hemal spines. -- n. An interhemal
spine or cartilage.
Interhyal \In`ter*hy"al\, a. [Inter- + the Greek letter ?.]
(Anat.)
Of or pertaining to a segment sometimes present at the
proximal end of the hyoidean arch. -- n. An interhyal
ligament or cartilage.
Interim \In"ter*im\, n. [L., fr. inter between + im, an old
accusative of is he, this, that.]
1. The meantime; time intervening; interval between events,
etc.
All the interim is Like a phantasms, or a hideous
dream. --Shak.
2. (Hist.) A name given to each of three compromises made by
the emperor Charles V. of Germany for the sake of
harmonizing the connecting opinions of Protestants and
Catholics.
Interior \In*te"ri*or\, a. [L., compar. fr. inter between: cf.
F. int['e]rieur. See {Inter-}, and cf. {Intimate}.]
1. Being within any limits, inclosure, or substance; inside;
internal; inner; -- opposed to {exterior}, or
{superficial}; as, the interior apartments of a house; the
interior surface of a hollow ball.
2. Remote from the limits, frontier, or shore; inland; as,
the interior parts of a region or country.
{Interior angle} (Geom.), an angle formed between two sides,
within any rectilinear figure, as a polygon, or between
two parallel lines by these lines and another intersecting
them; -- called also {internal angle}.
{Interior planets} (Astron.), those planets within the orbit
of the earth.
{Interior screw}, a screw cut on an interior surface, as in a
nut; a female screw.
Syn: Internal; inside; inner; inland; inward.
Interior \In*te"ri*or\, n.
1. That which is within; the internal or inner part of a
thing; the inside.
2. The inland part of a country, state, or kingdom.
{Department of the Interior}, that department of the
government of the United States which has charge of
pensions, patents, public lands and surveys, the Indians,
education, etc.; that department of the government of a
country which is specially charged with the internal
affairs of that country; the home department.
{Secretary of the Interior}, the cabinet officer who, in the
United States, is at the head of the Department of the
Interior.
Interiority \In*te`ri*or"i*ty\, n.
State of being interior.
Interiorly \In*te"ri*or*ly\, adv.
Internally; inwardly.
Interjacence \In`ter*ja"cence\, Interjacency \In`ter*ja"cen*cy\,
n. [See {Interjacent}.]
The state of being between; a coming or lying between or
among; intervention; also, that which lies between.
England and Scotland is divided only by the
interjacency of the Tweed. --Sir M. Hale.
Interjacent \In`ter*ja"cent\, a. [L. interjacens, -entis, p. pr.
of interjacere to lie between; inter between + jac?re to
lie.]
Lying or being between or among; intervening; as, interjacent
isles. --Sir W. Raleigh.
Interjaculate \In`ter*jac"u*late\, v. t.
To ejaculate parenthetically. [R.] --Thackeray.
Interjangle \In`ter*jan"gle\, v. i.
To make a dissonant, discordant noise one with another; to
talk or chatter noisily. [R.] --Daniel.
Interject \In`ter*ject"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interjected}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interjecting}.] [L. interjectus, p. p. of
interjicere to interject; inter between + jac?re to throw.
See {Jet} a shooting forth.]
To throw in between; to insert; to interpose. --Sir H.
Wotton.
Interject \In`ter*ject"\, v. i.
To throw one's self between or among; to come between; to
interpose. --Sir G. Buck.
Interjection \In`ter*jec"tion\, n. [L. interjectio: cf. F.
interjection. See {Interject}.]
1. The act of interjecting or throwing between; also, that
which is interjected.
The interjection of laughing. --Bacon.
2. (Gram.) A word or form of speech thrown in to express
emotion or feeling, as O! Alas! Ha ha! Begone! etc.
Compare {Exclamation}.
An interjection implies a meaning which it would
require a whole grammatical sentence to expound, and
it may be regarded as the rudiment of such a
sentence. But it is a confusion of thought to rank
it among the parts of speech. --Earle.
How now! interjections? Why, then, some be of
laughing, as, ah, ha, he! --Shak.
Interjectional \In`ter*jec"tion*al\, a.
1. Thrown in between other words or phrases; parenthetical;
ejaculatory; as, an interjectional remark.
2. Pertaining to, or having the nature of, an interjection;
consisting of natural and spontaneous exclamations.
Certain of the natural accompaniments of
interjectional speech, such as gestures, grimaces,
and gesticulations, are restrained by civilization.
--Earle.
Interjectionalize \In`ter*jec"tion*al*ize\, v. t.
To convert into, or to use as, an interjection. --Earle.
Interjectionally \In`ter*jec"tion*al*ly\, adv.
In an interjectional manner. --G. Eliot.
Interjectionary \In`ter*jec"tion*a*ry\, a.
Interjectional.
Interjoin \In`ter*join"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interjoined}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interjoining}.] [Pref. inter + join.]
To join mutually; to unite. [R.] --Shak.
Interjoist \In"ter*joist`\, n. (Carp.)
1. The space or interval between two joists. --Gwilt.
2. A middle joist or crossbeam. --De Colange.
Interjunction \In`ter*junc"tion\, n. [L. interjunctus, p. p. of
interjungere to join together. See {Inter-}, and {Join}, and
cf. {Interjoin}.]
A mutual joining. [R.]
Interknit \In`ter*knit"\, v. t.
To knit together; to unite closely; to intertwine.
Interknow \In`ter*know"\, v. t.
To know mutually. [Obs.]
Interknowledge \In`ter*knowl"edge\, n.
Mutual knowledge or acquaintance. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Interlace \In`ter*lace"\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Interlaced};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Interlacing}.] [OE. entrelacen, F.
entrelacer. See {Inter-}, and {Lace}.]
To unite, as by lacing together; to insert or interpose one
thing within another; to intertwine; to interweave.
Severed into stripes That interlaced each other.
--Cowper.
The epic way is every where interlaced with dialogue.
--Dryden.
{Interlacing arches} (Arch.), arches, usually circular, so
constructed that their archivolts intersect and seem to be
interlaced.
Interlacement \In`ter*lace"ment\, n. [Cf. F. entrelacement.]
The act of interlacing, or the state of being interlaced;
also, that which is interlaced.
Interlamellar \In`ter*lam"el*lar\, Interlaminar
\In`ter*lam"i*nar\, a. (Anat.)
Between lammell[ae] or lamin[ae]; as, interlamellar spaces.
Interlaminated \In`ter*lam"i*na`ted\, a.
Placed between, or containing, lamin[ae] or plates.
Interlamination \In`ter*lam`i*na"tion\, n.
The state of being interlaminated.
Interlapse \In"ter*lapse`\, n. [Pref. inter- + lapse: cf. L.
interlabi, interlapsus, to fall, slide, or flow, between.]
The lapse or interval of time between two events. [R.]
--Harvey.
Interlard \In`ter*lard"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interlarded}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interlarding}.] [F. entrelarder. See {Inter-},
and {Lard}.]
1. To place lard or bacon amongst; to mix, as fat meat with
lean. [Obs.]
Whose grain doth rise in flakes, with fatness
interlarded. --Drayton.
2. Hence: To insert between; to mix or mingle; especially, to
introduce that which is foreign or irrelevant; as, to
interlard a conservation with oaths or allusions.
The English laws . . . [were] mingled and
interlarded with many particular laws of their own.
--Sir M. Hale.
They interlard their native drinks with choice Of
strongest brandy. --J. Philips.
Interlay \In`ter*lay"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interlaid}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Interlaying}.]
To lay or place among or between. --Daniel.
Interleaf \In"ter*leaf`\, n.; pl. {Interleaves}. [See
{Interleave}.]
A leaf inserted between other leaves; a blank leaf inserted,
as in a book.
Interleave \In`ter*leave"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interleaved};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Interleaving}.] [Pref. inter- + leaf.]
To insert a leaf or leaves in; to bind with blank leaves
inserted between the others; as, to interleave a book.
Interlibel \In`ter*li"bel\, v. t.
To libel mutually.
Interline \In`ter*line"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interlined}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interlining}.] [Pref. inter- + line: cf. LL.
interlineare, F. interlin['e]er, OF. entreligner.]
1. To write or insert between lines already written or
printed, as for correction or addition; to write or print
something between the lines of; as, to interline a page or
a book. --Swift.
2. To arrange in alternate lines; as, to interline Latin and
English. --Locke.
3. To mark or imprint with lines.
A crooked wrinkle interlines my brow. --Marlowe.
Interlineal \In`ter*lin"e*al\, Interlinear \In`ter*lin"e*ar\, a.
[Cf. LL. interlinearis, F. interlin['e]aire.]
Contained between lines; written or inserted between lines
already written or printed; containing interlineations; as,
an interlinear manuscript, translation, etc. --
{In`ter*lin"e*ar*ly}, adv.
Interlineary \In`ter*lin"e*a*ry\, a.
Interlinear. -- n. A book containing interlineations. [R.]
Interlineation \In`ter*lin`e*a"tion\, n. [Cf. F.
interlin['e]ation.]
1. The act of interlining.
2. That which is interlined; a passage, word, or line
inserted between lines already written or printed.
Interlining \In`ter*lin"ing\, n.
Correction or alteration by writing between the lines;
interlineation. --Bp. Burnet.
Interlink \In`ter*link"\, v. t.
To link together; to join, as one chain to another. --Dryden.
Interlink \In`ter*link"\, n.
An intermediate or connecting link.
Interlobar \In`ter*lo"bar\, a. (Anat.)
Between lobes; as, the interlobar notch of the liver; the
interlobar ducts of a gland.
Interlobular \In`ter*lob"u*lar\, a. [Pref. inter- + lobular: cf.
F. interlobulaire.] (Anat.)
Between lobules; as, the interlobular branches of the portal
vein.
Interlocation \In`ter*lo*ca"tion\, n.
A placing or coming between; interposition.
Interlock \In`ter*lock"\, v. i.
To unite, embrace, communicate with, or flow into, one
another; to be connected in one system; to lock into one
another; to interlace firmly.
Interlock \In`ter*lock"\, v. t.
To unite by locking or linking together; to secure in place
by mutual fastening.
My lady with her fingers interlocked. --Tennyson.
Interlocution \In`ter*lo*cu"tion\, n. [L. interlocutio, from
interloqui, interlocutus, to speak between; inter between +
loqui to speak: cf. F. interlocution. See {Loquacious}.]
1. Interchange of speech; dialogue; conversation; conference.
2. (Law) An intermediate act or decree before final decision.
--Ayliffe.
3. Hence, intermediate argument or discussion.
Interlocutor \In`ter*loc"u*tor\ (?; 277), n. [Cf. F.
interlocuteur.]
1. One who takes part in dialogue or conversation; a talker,
interpreter, or questioner. --Jer. Taylor.
2. (Law) An interlocutory judgment or sentence.
Interlocutory \In`ter*loc"u*to*ry\, a. [Cf. LL. interlocutorius,
F. interlocutoire.]
1. Consisting of, or having the nature of, dialogue;
conversational.
Interlocutory discourses in the Holy Scriptures.
--Fiddes.
2. (Law) Intermediate; not final or definitive; made or done
during the progress of an action.
Note: An order, sentence, decree, or judgment, given in an
intermediate stage between the commencement and
termination of a cause, is called interlocutory.
Interlocutory \In`ter*loc"u*to*ry\, n. [Cf. F. interlocutoire.]
Interpolated discussion or dialogue.
Interlocutrice \In`ter*loc"u*trice\, n. [F.]
A female interlocutor.
Interlope \In`ter*lope"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Interloped}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interloping}.] [See {Interloper}.]
To run between parties and intercept without right the
advantage that one should gain from the other; to traffic
without a proper license; to intrude; to forestall others; to
intermeddle.
Interloper \In"ter*lo`per\ (?; 277), n. [Pref. inter- + D.
looper a runner, fr. loopen to run; akin to E. leap. See
{Leap}, and cf. {Elope}.]
One who interlopes; one who interlopes; one who unlawfully
intrudes upon a property, a station, or an office; one who
interferes wrongfully or officiously.
The untrained man, . . . the interloper as to the
professions. --I. Taylor.
Interlucate \In`ter*lu"cate\, v. t. [L. interlucatus, p. p. of
interlucare; inter between + lux, lucis, light.]
To let in light upon, as by cutting away branches. [Obs.]
Interlucation \In`ter*lu*ca"tion\, n. [L. interlucatio.]
Act of thinning a wood to let in light. [Obs.] --Evelyn.
Interlucent \In`ter*lu"cent\, a. [L. interlucens, p. pr. See
{Inter-}, and {Lucent}.]
Shining between.
Interlude \In`ter*lude\, n. [OE. enterlude, LL. interludium; LL.
inter between + ludus play, fr. ludere to play: cf. F.
interlude. See {Ludicrous}.]
1. A short entertainment exhibited on the stage between the
acts of a play, or between the play and the afterpiece, to
relieve the tedium of waiting.
Dreams are but interludes, which fancy makes When
monarch reason sleeps. --Dryden.
2. A form of English drama or play, usually short, merry, and
farcical, which succeeded the Moralities or Moral Plays in
the transition to the romantic or Elizabethan drama.
3. (Mus.) A short piece of instrumental music played between
the parts of a song or cantata, or the acts of a drama;
especially, in church music, a short passage played by the
organist between the stanzas of a hymn, or in German
chorals after each line.
Interluded \In"ter*lu`ded\, a.
Inserted in the manner of an interlude; having or containing
interludes.
Interluder \In"ter*lu`der\, n.
An actor who performs in an interlude. --B. Jonson.
Interluency \In"ter*lu`en*cy\, n. [L. interluens, p. pr. of
interluere to flow between; inter + luere.]
A flowing between; intervening water. [Obs.] --Sir M. Hale.
Interlunar \In`ter*lu"nar\, Interlunary \In`ter*lu"na*ry\, a.
[Pref. inter- + lunar: cf. L. interlunis.]
Belonging or pertaining to the time when the moon, at or near
its conjunction with the sun, is invisible. --Milton.
Intermandibular \In`ter*man*dib"u*lar\, a. (Anat.)
Between the mandibles; interramal; as, the intermandibular
space.
Intermarriage \In`ter*mar"riage\, n.
Connection by marriage; reciprocal marriage; giving and
taking in marriage, as between two families, tribes, castes,
or nations.
Intermarry \In`ter*mar"ry\, v. i.
To become connected by marriage between their members; to
give and take mutually in marriage; -- said of families,
ranks, castes, etc.
About the middle of the fourth century from the
building of Rome, it was declared lawful for nobles and
plebeians to intermarry. --Swift.
Intermaxilla \In`ter*max*il"la\, n.; pl. {Intermaxill[ae]}.
(Anat.)
See {Premaxilla}.
Intermaxillary \In`ter*max"il*la*ry\, a. (Anat.)
(a) Between the maxillary bones.
(b) Of or pertaining to the intermaxill[ae]. -- n. An
intermaxilla.
Intermean \In"ter*mean`\, n.
Something done in the meantime; interlude. [Obs.] --B.
Jonson.
Intermeation \In`ter*me*a"tion\, n. [L. intermeare, intermeatum;
to go between; inter between + meare to go.]
A flowing between. [Obs.] --Bailey.
Intermeddle \In`ter*med"dle\, v. i. [OE. entremedlen,
entermellen, to mix together, OF. entremedler, entremeller,
entremesler, F. entrem[^e]ler. See {Inter-}, and {Meddle}.]
To meddle with the affairs of others; to meddle officiously;
to interpose or interfere improperly; to mix or meddle with.
The practice of Spain hath been, by war and by
conditions of treaty, to intermeddle with foreign
states. --Bacon.
Syn: To interpose; interfere. See {Interpose}.
Intermeddle \In`ter*med"dle\, v. t.
To intermix; to mingle. [Obs.]
Many other adventures are intermeddled. --Spenser.
Intermeddler \In`ter*med"dler\, n.
One who meddles with, or intrudes into, the affairs of
others. --Swift.
Intermeddlesome \In`ter*med"dle*some\, a.
Inclined or disposed to intermeddle. --
{In`ter*med"dle*some*ness}, n.
Intermeddling \In`ter*med"dling\, n.
The act of improperly interfering. --Burke.
Intermede \In"ter*mede\, n. [F. interm[`e]de, fr. L. inter
between + medius, adj., middle; cf. It. intermedio. Cf.
{Intermezzo}.]
A short musical dramatic piece, of a light and pleasing,
sometimes a burlesque, character; an interlude introduced
between the acts of a play or an opera.
Intermediacy \In`ter*me"di*a*cy\, n. [From {Intermediate}.]
Interposition; intervention. --Derham.
Intermediae \In`ter*me"di*[ae]\, n. pl. [NL., fr. L. intermedius
intermedial.] (Zo["o]l.)
The middle pair of tail feathers, or middle rectrices.
Intermedial \In`ter*me"di*al\, a. [Pref. inter- + medial: cf. L.
intermedius.]
Lying between; intervening; intermediate. ``Intermedial
colors.'' --Evelyn.
Intermedian \In`ter*me"di*an\, a.
Intermediate. [Obs.]
Intermediary \In`ter*me"di*a*ry\, a. [Cf. F. interm['e]diaire.]
Lying, coming, or done, between; intermediate; as, an
intermediary project.
{Intermediary amputation} (Surg.), an amputation for injury,
performed after inflammation has set in.
Intermediary \In`ter*me"di*a*ry\, n.; pl. {Intermediaries}.
One who, or that which, is intermediate; an interagent; a
go-between.
Intermediate \In`ter*me"di*ate\, a. [Pref. inter- + mediate: cf.
F. interm['e]diat.]
Lying or being in the middle place or degree, or between two
extremes; coming or done between; intervening; interposed;
interjacent; as, an intermediate space or time; intermediate
colors.
{Intermediate state} (Theol.), the state or condition of the
soul between the death and the resurrection of the body.
{Intermediate terms} (Math.), the terms of a progression or
series between the first and the last (which are called
the extremes); the means.
{Intermediate tie}. (Arch.) Same as {Intertie}.
Intermediate \In`ter*me"di*ate\, v. i.
To come between; to intervene; to interpose. --Milton.
Intermediately \In`ter*me"di*ate*ly\, adv.
In an intermediate manner; by way of intervention.
Intermediation \In`ter*me`di*a"tion\, n.
The act of coming between; intervention; interposition.
--Burke.
Intermediator \In`ter*me"di*a`tor\, n.
A mediator.
Intermedious \In`ter*me"di*ous\, a. [L. intermedius.]
Intermediate. [R.] --Cudworth.
Intermedium \In`ter*me"di*um\, n.; pl. {Intermediums}, L.
{Intermedia}. [NL., neut. of L. intermedius intermediate.]
1. Intermediate space. [R.]
2. An intervening agent or instrument. --Cowper.
3. (Anat.) The bone or cartilage between the radiale and
ulnare in the carpus, and between the tibiale and fibulare
in the tarsus. It corresponds to the lunar in the carpus,
and to a part of the astragalus in the tarsus of man and
most mammals.
Intermell \In`ter*mell"\, v. i. & t. [See {Intermeddle}.]
To intermeddle; to intermix. [Obs.] --Bp. Fisher.
Intermembral \In`ter*mem"bral\, a. (Anat.)
Between members or limbs; as, intermembral homology, the
correspondence of the limbs with each other.
Intermembranous \In`ter*mem"bra*nous\, a. (Anat.)
Within or beneath a membrane; as, intermembranous
ossification.
Interment \In*ter"ment\, n. [OE. enterment, F. enterrement. See
{Inter}, v. t.]
The act or ceremony of depositing a dead body in the earth;
burial; sepulture; inhumation. --T. Warton.
Intermention \In`ter*men"tion\, v. t.
To mention among other things, or casually or incidentally.
[Obs.]
Intermesenteric \In`ter*mes`en*ter"ic\, a. (Anat.)
Within the mesentery; as, the intermesenteric, or aortic,
plexus.
Intermetacarpal \In`ter*me`ta*car"pal\, a. (Anat.)
Between the metacarpal bones.
Intermetatarsal \In`ter*me`ta*tar"sal\, a. (Anat.)
Between the metatarsal bones.
Intermezzo \In`ter*mez"zo\, n. [It. See {Intermede}.] (Mus.)
An interlude; an intermede. See {Intermede}.
Intermicate \In`ter*mi"cate\, v. i. [L. intermicare; inter-
between + micare to glitter.]
To flash or shine between or among. [R.] --Blount.
Intermication \In`ter*mi*ca"tion\, n.
A shining between or among. [R.] --Smart.
Intermigration \In`ter*mi*gra"tion\, n.
Reciprocal migration; interchange of dwelling place by
migration. [R.] --Sir M. Hale.
Interminable \In*ter"mi*na*ble\, a. [L. interminabilis: cf. F.
interminable. See {Terminate}.]
Without termination; admitting no limit; boundless; endless;
wearisomely protracted; as, interminable space or duration;
interminable sufferings.
That wild interminable waste of waves. --Grainger.
Syn: Boundless; endless; limitless; illimitable;
immeasurable; infinite; unbounded; unlimited.
Interminableness \In*ter"mi*na*ble*ness\, n.
The state of being endless.
Interminably \In*ter"mi*na*bly\, adv.
Without end or limit.
Interminate \In*ter"mi*nate\, a. [L. interminatus; in- not +
terminatus, p. p. of terminate.]
Endless; as, interminate sleep. --Chapman.
Interminate \In*ter"mi*nate\, v. t. [L. interminatus, p. p. of
interminari; inter between + minari to threaten.]
To menace; to threaten. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Interminated \In*ter"mi*na`ted\, a.
Interminable; interminate; endless; unending. [Obs.]
--Akenside.
Intermination \In*ter`mi*na"tion\, n. [L. interminatio.]
A menace or threat. [Obs.] --Jer. Taylor.
Intermine \In`ter*mine"\, v. t.
To intersect or penetrate with mines. [Obs.] --Drayton.
Intermingle \In`ter*min"gle\, v. t.
To mingle or mix together; to intermix. --Hooker.
Intermingle \In`ter*min"gle\, v. i.
To be mixed or incorporated.
Party and faction will intermingle. --Swift.
Intermise \In"ter*mise\, n. [Cf. F. entremise. See
{Intermission}.]
Interference; interposition. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Intermission \In`ter*mis"sion\, n. [L. intermissio: cf. F.
intermission. See {Intermit}.]
1. The act or the state of intermitting; the state of being
neglected or disused; disuse; discontinuance. --B. Jonson.
2. Cessation for a time; an intervening period of time; an
interval; a temporary pause; as, to labor without
intermission; an intermission of ten minutes.
Rest or intermission none I find. --Milton.
3. (Med.) The temporary cessation or subsidence of a fever;
the space of time between the paroxysms of a disease.
Intermission is an entire cessation, as distinguished from
remission, or abatement of fever.
4. Intervention; interposition. [Obs.] --Heylin.
Syn: Cessation; interruption; interval; pause; stop; rest;
suspension. See {Cessation}.
Intermissive \In`ter*mis"sive\, a.
Having temporary cessations; not continual; intermittent.
``Intermissive miseries.'' --Shak. ``Intermissive wars.''
--Howell.
Intermit \In`ter*mit"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intermitted}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Intermitting}.] [L. intermittere; inter between
+ mittere, missum, to send: cf. OE. entremeten to busy (one's
self) with, F. s'entremettre. See {Missile}.]
To cause to cease for a time, or at intervals; to interrupt;
to suspend.
Pray to the gods to intermit the plague. --Shak.
Intermit \In`ter*mit"\, v. i.
To cease for a time or at intervals; to moderate; to be
intermittent, as a fever. --Pope.
Intermittence \In`ter*mit"tence\, n. [Cf. F. intermittence.]
Act or state of intermitting; intermission. --Tyndall.
Intermittent \In`ter*mit"tent\, a. [L. intermittens, -entis, p.
pr. of intermittere: cf. F. intermittent.]
Coming and going at intervals; alternating; recurrent;
periodic; as, an intermittent fever. --Boyle.
{Intermittent fever} (Med.), a disease with fever which
recurs at certain intervals; -- applied particularly to
fever and ague. See {Fever}.
{Intermittent gearing} (Mach.), gearing which receives, or
produces, intermittent motion.
{Intermittent springs}, springs which flow at intervals, not
apparently dependent upon rain or drought. They probably
owe their intermittent action to their being connected
with natural reservoirs in hills or mountains by passages
having the form of a siphon, the water beginning to flow
when it has accumulated so as to fill the upper part of
the siphon, and ceasing when, by running through it, it
has fallen below the orifice of the upper part of the
siphon in the reservoir.
Intermittent \In`ter*mit"tent\, n. (Med.)
An intermittent fever or disease. --Dunglison.
Intermittently \In`ter*mit"tent*ly\, adv.
With intermissions; in an intermittent manner;
intermittingly.
Intermittingly \In`ter*mit"ting*ly\, adv.
With intermissions; at intervals. --W. Montagu.
Intermix \In`ter*mix"\, v. t.
To mix together; to intermingle.
In yonder spring of roses, intermixed With myrtle, find
what to redress till noon. --Milton.
Intermix \In`ter*mix"\, v. i.
To be mixed together; to be intermingled.
Intermixedly \In`ter*mix"ed*ly\, adv.
In a mixed manner.
Intermixture \In`ter*mix"ture\ (?; 135), n.
1. A mass formed by mixture; a mass of ingredients mixed.
--Boyle.
2. Admixture; an additional ingredient.
In this height of impiety there wanted not an
intermixture of levity and folly. --Bacon.
Intermobility \In`ter*mo*bil"i*ty\, n.
Capacity of things to move among each other; as, the
intermobility of fluid particles.
Intermodillion \In`ter*mo*dil"lion\, n. (Arch.)
The space between two modillions.
Intermontane \In`ter*mon"tane\, a. [Pref. inter- + L. montanus
belonging to a mountain, fr. mons, montis, mountain.]
Between mountains; as, intermontane soil.
Intermundane \In`ter*mun"dane\, a.
Being, between worlds or orbs. [R.] ``Intermundane spaces.''
--Locke.
Intermundian \In`ter*mun"di*an\, a.
Intermundane. [Obs.]
Intermural \In`ter*mu"ral\, a.
Lying between walls; inclosed by walls.
Intermure \In`ter*mure"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intermured}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Intermuring}.] [Pref. inter- + L. murus wall.]
To wall in; to inclose. [Obs.] --Ford.
Intermuscular \In`ter*mus"cu*lar\, a. (Anat.)
Between muscles; as, intermuscular septa.
Intermutation \In`ter*mu*ta"tion\, n.
Interchange; mutual or reciprocal change.
Intermutual \In`ter*mu"tu*al\ (?; 135), a.
Mutual. [Obs.] --Daniel. -- {In`ter*mu"tu*al*ly}, adv. [Obs.]
Intern \In*tern"\, a. [L. internus: cf. F. interne. See
{Internal}.]
Internal. [Obs.] --Howell.
Intern \In*tern"\, v. t. [F. interne. See {Intern}, a.]
To put for safe keeping in the interior of a place or
country; to confine to one locality; as, to intern troops
which have fled for refuge to a neutral country.
Internal \In*tern"al\, a. [L. internus; akin to interior. See
{Interior}.]
1. Inward; interior; being within any limit or surface;
inclosed; -- opposed to {external}; as, the internal parts
of a body, or of the earth.
2. Derived from, or dependent on, the thing itself; inherent;
as, the internal evidence of the divine origin of the
Scriptures.
3. Pertaining to its own affairs or interests; especially,
(said of a country) domestic, as opposed to {foreign}; as,
internal trade; internal troubles or war.
4. Pertaining to the inner being or the heart; spiritual.
With our Savior, internal purity is everything.
--Paley.
5. Intrinsic; inherent; real. [R.]
The internal rectitude of our actions in the sight
of God. --Rogers.
6. (Anat.) Lying toward the mesial plane; mesial.
{Internal angle} (Geom.), an interior angle. See under
{Interior}.
{Internal gear} (Mach.), a gear in which the teeth project
inward from the rim instead of outward.
Syn: Inner; interior; inward; inland; inside.
Internality \In`ter*nal"i*ty\, n.
The state of being internal or within; interiority.
Internally \In*ter"nal*ly\, adv.
1. Inwardly; within the enveloping surface, or the boundary
of a thing; within the body; beneath the surface.
2. Hence: Mentally; spiritually. --Jer. Taylor.
Internasal \In`ter*na"sal\, a. (Anat.)
Between the nasal cavities; as, the internasal cartilage.
International \In`ter*na"tion*al\, a. [Pref. inter- + national:
cf. F. international.]
1. Between or among nations; pertaining to the intercourse of
nations; participated in by two or more nations; common
to, or affecting, two or more nations.
2. Of or concerning the association called the International.
{International code} (Naut.), a common system of signaling
adopted by nearly all maritime nations, whereby
communication may be had between vessels at sea.
{International copyright}. See under {Copyright}.
{International law}, the rules regulating the mutual
intercourse of nations. International law is mainly the
product of the conditions from time to time of
international intercourse, being drawn from diplomatic
discussion, textbooks, proof of usage, and from recitals
in treaties. It is called public when treating of the
relations of sovereign powers, and private when of the
relations of persons of different nationalities.
International law is now, by the better opinion, part of
the common law of the land. Cf. Conflict of laws, under
{Conflict}. --Wharton.
International \In`ter*na"tion*al\, n. [Cf. F. internationale.]
1. The International; an abbreviated from of the title of the
International Workingmen's Association, the name of an
association, formed in London in 1864, which has for
object the promotion of the interests of the industrial
classes of all nations.
2. A member of the International Association.
Internationalism \In`ter*na"tion*al*ism\, n.
1. The state or principles of international interests and
intercourse.
2. The doctrines or organization of the International.
Internationalist \In`ter*na"tion*al*ist\, n.
1. One who is versed in the principles of international law.
2. A member of the International; one who believes in, or
advocates the doctrines of, the International.
Internationalize \In`ter*na"tion*al*ize\, v. t.
To make international; to cause to affect the mutual
relations of two or more nations; as, to internationalize a
principle of law, or a philanthropic enterprise.
Internationally \In`ter*na"tion*al*ly\, adv.
In an international manner; from an international point of
view.
Interne \In*terne"\, n. [See {Intern}, a.]
That which is within; the interior. [Poetic] --Mrs. Browning.
Interneciary \In`ter*ne"cia*ry\, Internecinal
\In`ter*ne"ci*nal\, a.
Internecine.
Internecine \In`ter*ne"cine\, a. [L. internecinus deadly,
murderous, fr. internecare to kill, to slaughter; inter
between + necare to kill; akin to Gr. ? dead. See
{Necromancy}.]
Involving, or accompanied by, mutual slaughter; mutually
destructive.
Internecine quarrels, horrible tumults, stain the
streets with blood. --Motley.
Internecion \In`ter*ne"cion\, n. [L. internecio.]
Mutual slaughter or destruction; massacre. [Obs.] --Sir M.
Hale.
Internecive \In`ter*ne"cive\, a. [L. internecivus.]
Internecine. [R.] --Sydney Smith.
Internection \In`ter*nec"tion\, n. [L. internectere to bind
together; inter between + nectere to fasten.]
Intimate connection. [Obs.] --W. Montagu.
Interneural \In`ter*neu"ral\, a. (Anat.)
Between the neural arches or neural spines. -- n. An
interneural spine or cartilage.
Internity \In*ter"ni*ty\, n.
State of being within; interiority. [R.] --H. Brooke.
Internment \In*tern"ment\, n. [F. internement. See {Intern}.]
Confinement within narrow limits, -- as of foreign troops, to
the interior of a country.
Internodal \In`ter*no"dal\, a.
Of or pertaining to internodes; intervening between nodes or
joints.
Internode \In"ter*node`\, n. [L. internodium; inter between +
nodus knot.]
1. (Bot.) The space between two nodes or points of the stem
from which the leaves properly arise. --H. Spenser.
2. (Anat.) A part between two joints; a segment;
specifically, one of the phalanges.
Internodial \In`ter*no"di*al\, a.
Internodal. [R.]
Internuncial \In`ter*nun"cial\, a. [See {Internuncio}.]
1. Of or pertaining to an internuncio.
2. (Physiol.) Communicating or transmitting impressions
between different parts of the body; -- said of the
nervous system. --Carpenter.
Internunciess \In`ter*nun"ciess\, n.
A female messenger. [R.]
Internuncio \In`ter*nun"ci*o\, n.; pl. {Internuncios}. [L.
internuntius; inter between + nuntius, nuncius, messenger:
cf. It. internunzio. See {Nuncio}.]
1. A messenger between two parties. --Johnson.
2. A representative, or charg['e] d'affaires, of the pope at
a foreign court or seat of government, ranking next below
a nuncio.
Note: This title was formerly given also to the Austrian
envoy at Constantinople.
Internuncioship \In`ter*nun"ci*o*ship\, n.
The office or function of an internuncio. --Richardson.
Internuncius \In`ter*nun"ci*us\, n. [L.]
Internuncio.
Interoceanic \In`ter*o`ce*an"ic\, a.
Between oceans; connecting oceans; as, interoceanic
communication; an interoceanic canal.
Interocular \In`ter*oc"u*lar\, a.
Between, or within, the eyes; as, the interocular distance;
situated between the eyes, as the antenn[ae] of some insects.
Interpercular \In`ter*per"cu*lar\, a.
Of or pertaining to the interoperculum. -- n. The
interopercular bone.
Interoperculum \In`ter*o*per"cu*lum\, n.; pl. {-la} (-l[.a]).
(Anat.)
The postero-inferior opercular bone, in fishes.
Interorbital \In`ter*or"bit*al\, a. (Anat.)
Between the orbits; as, the interorbital septum.
Interosculant \In`ter*os"cu*lant\, a.
1. Mutually touching or intersecting; as, interosculant
circles.
2. (Biol.) Uniting two groups; -- said of certain genera
which connect family groups, or of species that connect
genera. See {Osculant}.
Interosculate \In`ter*os"cu*late\, v. i. & t.
1. To kiss together to touch. See {Osculate}.
2. (Biol.) To have the character of, or to lie between, two
distinct groups.
Interosseal \In`ter*os"se*al\, Interosseous \In`ter*os"se*ous\,
a. [Pref. inter- + osseous: cf. F. interosseux.] (Anat.)
Situated between bones; as, an interosseous ligament.
Interpale \In`ter*pale"\, v. t.
1. To place pales between or among; to separate by pales.
2. To interweave or interlace. [R.] --Brende.
Interparietal \In`ter*pa*ri"e*tal\, a. (Anat.)
Between the parietal bones or cartilages; as, the
interparietal suture. -- n. The interparietal bone or
cartilage.
Interpause \In`ter*pause`\, n.
An intermission. [R.]
Interpeal \In`ter*peal"\, v. t.
To interpel. [Obs.]
Interpedencular \In`ter*pe*den"cu*lar\, a. (Anat.)
Between peduncles; esp., between the peduncles, or crura, of
the cerebrum.
Interpel \In`ter*pel"\, v. t. [L. interpellare, interpellatum;
inter between + pellare (in comp.), akin to pellere to drive:
cf. F. interpeller. Cf. {Interpellate}.]
To interrupt, break in upon, or intercede with. [Obs.]
I am interpelled by many businesses. --Howell.
Interpellant \In`ter*pel"lant\, a. [L. interpellans, p. pr. See
{Interpel}.]
Interpelling; interrupting. -- n. One who, or that which,
interpels.
Interpellate \In`ter*pel"late\, v. t. [See {Interpel}.]
To question imperatively, as a minister, or other executive
officer, in explanation of his conduct; -- generally on the
part of a legislative body.
Interpellation \In`ter*pel*la"tion\, n. [L. interpellatio: cf.
F. interpellation.]
1. The act of interpelling or interrupting; interruption.
``Continual interpellations.'' --Bp. Hall.
2. The act of interposing or interceding; intercession.
Accepted by his interpellation and intercession.
--Jer. Taylor.
3. An act of interpellating, or of demanding of an officer an
explanation of his action; imperative or peremptory
questioning; a point raised in a debate.
4. A official summons or citation. --Ayliffe.
Interpenetrate \In`ter*pen"e*trate\, v. t.
To penetrate between or within; to penetrate mutually.
It interpenetrates my granite mass. --Shelley.
Interpenetrate \In`ter*pen"e*trate\, v. i.
To penetrate each the other; to penetrate between bodies or
their parts.
{Interpenetrating molding} (Arch.), in late Gothic
architecture, a decoration by means of moldings which seem
to pass through solid uprights, transoms, or other
members; often, two sets of architectural members
penetrating one another, in appearance, as if both had
been plastic when they were put together.
Interpenetration \In`ter*pen`e*tra"tion\, n.
The act of penetrating between or within other substances;
mutual penetration. --Milman.
Interpenetrative \In`ter*pen"e*tra*tive\, a.
Penetrating among or between other substances; penetrating
each the other; mutually penetrative.
Interpetalary \In`ter*pet"al*a*ry\, a. [Pref. inter- + petal.]
(Bot.)
Between the petals of a flower.
Interpetiolar \In`ter*pet"i*o*lar\, a. (Bot.)
Being between petioles. Cf. {Intrapetiolar}.
Interphalangeal \In`ter*pha*lan"ge*al\, a. (Anat.)
Between phalanges; as, interphalangeal articulations.
Interpilaster \In`ter*pi*las"ter\, n. (Arch.)
The interval or space between two pilasters. --Elmes.
Interplace \In`ter*place"\, v. t.
To place between or among; as, to interplace a name. [R.]
--Daniel.
Interplanetary \In`ter*plan"et*a*ry\, a.
Between planets; as, interplanetary spaces. --Boyle.
Interplay \In`ter*play`\, n.
Mutual action or influence; interaction; as, the interplay of
affection.
Interplead \In`ter*plead"\, v. i. (Law)
To plead against each other, or go to trial between
themselves, as the claimants in an in an interpleader. See
{Interpleader}. [Written also {enterplead}.]
Interpleader \In`ter*plead"er\, n.
1. One who interpleads.
2. (Law) A proceeding devised to enable a person, of whom the
same debt, duty, or thing is claimed adversely by two or
more parties, to compel them to litigate the right or
title between themselves, and thereby to relieve himself
from the suits which they might otherwise bring against
him.
Interpledge \In`ter*pledge"\, v. t.
To pledge mutually. [R.]
Interpoint \In`ter*point"\, v. t.
To point; to mark with stops or pauses; to punctuate. [R.]
Her sighs should interpoint her words. --Daniel.
Interpolable \In*ter"po*la*ble\, a.
That may be interpolated; suitable to be interpolated.
A most interpolable clause of one sentence. --De
Morgan.
Interpolate \In*ter"po*late\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Interpolated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Interpolating}.] [L.
interpolatus, p. p. of interpolare to form anew, to
interpolate, fr. interpolus, interpolis, falsified, vamped
up, polished up; inter between + polire to polish. See
{Polish}, v. t.]
1. To renew; to carry on with intermission. [Obs.]
Motion . . . partly continued and unintermitted, . .
. partly interpolated and interrupted. --Sir M.
Hale.
2. To alter or corrupt by the insertion of new or foreign
matter; especially, to change, as a book or text, by the
insertion of matter that is new, or foreign to the purpose
of the author.
How strangely Ignatius is mangled and interpolated,
you may see by the vast difference of all copies and
editions. --Bp. Barlow.
The Athenians were put in possession of Salamis by
another law, which was cited by Solon, or, as some
think, interpolated by him for that purpose. --Pope.
3. (Math.) To fill up intermediate terms of, as of a series,
according to the law of the series; to introduce, as a
number or quantity, in a partial series, according to the
law of that part of the series.
Interpolated \In*ter"po*la`ted\, a.
1. Inserted in, or added to, the original; introduced;
foisted in; changed by the insertion of new or spurious
matter.
2. (Math.)
(a) Provided with necessary interpolations; as, an
interpolated table.
(b) Introduced or determined by interpolation; as,
interpolated quantities or numbers.
Interpolation \In*ter`po*la"tion\, n. [L. interpolatio an
alteration made here and there: cf. F. interpolation.]
1. The act of introducing or inserting anything, especially
that which is spurious or foreign.
2. That which is introduced or inserted, especially something
foreign or spurious.
Bentley wrote a letter . . . . upon the scriptural
glosses in our present copies of Hesychius, which he
considered interpolations from a later hand. --De
Quincey.
3. (Math.) The method or operation of finding from a few
given terms of a series, as of numbers or observations,
other intermediate terms in conformity with the law of the
series.
Interpolator \In*ter"po*la`tor\, n. [L., a corrupter: of. F.
interpolateur.]
One who interpolates; esp., one who inserts foreign or
spurious matter in genuine writings.
Interpone \In`ter*pone"\, v. t. [L. interponere; inter between +
ponere to place. See {Position}.]
To interpose; to insert or place between. [R.] --Cudworth.
Interponent \In`ter*po"nent\, n.
One who, or that which, interposes; an interloper, an
opponent. [R.] --Heywood.
Interposal \In`ter*pos"al\, n. [From {Interpose}.]
The act of interposing; interposition; intervention.
Interpose \In`ter*pose"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interposed}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interposing}.] [F. interposer. See {Inter-},
and {Pose}, v. t.]
1. To place between; as, to interpose a screen between the
eye and the light.
Mountains interposed Make enemies of nations.
--Cowper.
2. To thrust; to intrude; to between, either for aid or for
troubling.
What watchful cares do interpose themselves Betwixt
your eyes and night? --Shak.
The common Father of mankind seasonably interposed
his hand, and rescues miserable man. --Woodward.
3. To introduce or inject between the parts of a conversation
or argument. --Milton.
Interpose \In`ter*pose"\, v. i.
1. To be or come between.
Long hid by interposing hill or wood. --Cowper.
2. To step in between parties at variance; to mediate; as,
the prince interposed and made peace. --Pope.
3. To utter a sentiment by way of interruption. --Boyle.
Syn: To intervene; intercede; mediate; interfere;
intermeddle.
Usage: To {Interpose}, {Intermeddle}, {Interfere}. A man may
often interpose with propriety in the concerns of
others; he can never intermeddle without being
impertinent or officious; nor can be interfere without
being liable to the same charge, unless he has rights
which are interfered with. ``In our practical use,
interference is something offensive. It is the pushing
in of himself between two parties on the part of a
third who was not asked, and is not thanked for his
pains, and who, as the feeling of the word implies,
had no business there; while interposition is employed
to express the friendly, peacemaking mediation of one
whom the act well became, and who, even if he was not
specially invited thereunto, is still thanked for what
he has done.'' --Trench.
Interpose \In"ter*pose\, n.
Interposition. [Obs.]
Interposer \In`ter*pos"er\, n.
One who, or that which, interposes or intervenes; an obstacle
or interruption; a mediator or agent between parties. --Shak.
Interposit \In`ter*pos"it\, n. [From L. interpositus, p. p. of
interponere. See {Interposition}.]
An intermediate depot or station between one commercial city
or country and another. --Mitford.
Interposition \In`ter*po*si"tion\ (?; 277), n. [L. interpositio
a putting between, insertion, fr. interponere, interpositum:
cf. F. interposition. See {Interpone}, {Position}.]
1. The act of interposing, or the state of being interposed;
a being, placing, or coming between; mediation.
2. The thing interposed.
Interposure \In`ter*po"sure\, n.
Interposition. [Obs.]
Interpret \In*ter"pret\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interpreted}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interpreting}.] [F. interpr[^e]ter, L.
interpretari, p. p. interpretatus, fr. interpre? interpeter,
agent, negotiator; inter between + (prob.) the root of
pretium price. See {Price}.]
1. To explain or tell the meaning of; to expound; to
translate orally into intelligible or familiar language or
terms; to decipher; to define; -- applied esp. to
language, but also to dreams, signs, conduct, mysteries,
etc.; as, to interpret the Hebrew language to an
Englishman; to interpret an Indian speech.
Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us.
--Matt. i. 23.
And Pharaoh told them his dreams; but there was none
that could interpret them unto Pharaoh. --Gen. xli.
8.
2. To apprehend and represent by means of art; to show by
illustrative representation; as, an actor interprets the
character of Hamlet; a musician interprets a sonata; an
artist interprets a landscape.
Syn: To translate; explain; solve; render; expound;
elucidate; decipher; unfold; unravel.
Interpret \In*ter"pret\, v. i.
To act as an interpreter. --Shak.
Interpretable \In*ter"pret*a*ble\, a. [L. interpretabilis: cf.
F. interpr[^e]table.]
Admitting of interpretation; capable of being interpreted or
explained.
Interpretament \In*ter"pre*ta*ment\, n. [L. interpretamentum.]
Interpretation. [Obs.] --Milton.
Interpretation \In*ter`pre*ta"tion\, n. [L. interpretatio: cf.
F. interpr['e]tation.]
1. The act of interpreting; explanation of what is obscure;
translation; version; construction; as, the interpretation
of a foreign language, of a dream, or of an enigma.
Look how we can, or sad or merrily, Interpretation
will misquote our looks. --Shak.
2. The sense given by an interpreter; exposition or
explanation given; meaning; as, commentators give various
interpretations of the same passage of Scripture.
3. The power or explaining. [R.] --Bacon.
4. (Fine Arts) An artist's way of expressing his thought or
embodying his conception of nature.
5. (Math.) The act or process of applying general principles
or formul[ae] to the explanation of the results obtained
in special cases.
Syn: Explanation; solution; translation; version; sense;
exposition; rendering; definition.
Interpretative \In*ter"pre*ta*tive\, a. [Cf. F.
interpr['e]tatif.]
1. Designed or fitted to interpret; explanatory.
``Interpretative lexicography.'' --Johnson.
2. According to interpretation; constructive.
An interpretative siding with heresies. --Hammond.
Interpretatively \In*ter"pre*ta*tive*ly\, adv.
By interpretation. --Ray.
Interpreter \In*ter"pret*er\, n. [Cf. OF. entrepreteur, L.
interpretator.]
One who or that which interprets, explains, or expounds; a
translator; especially, a person who translates orally
between two parties.
We think most men's actions to be the interpreters of
their thoughts. --Locke.
Interpretive \In*ter"pre*tive\, a.
Interpretative. [R.]
Interpubic \In`ter*pu"bic\, a. (Anat.)
Between the pubic bones or cartilages; as, the interpubic
disk.
Interpunction \In`ter*punc"tion\, n. [L. interpunctio, fr.
interpungere, interppunctum, to interpoint. See {Inter-}, and
{Point}.]
The insertion of points between word or sentences;
punctuation.
Interradial \In`ter*ra"di*al\, a.
Between the radii, or rays; -- in zo["o]logy, said of certain
parts of radiate animals; as, the interradial plates of a
starfish.
Interramal \In`ter*ra"mal\, a. [Pref. inter- + L. ramus a
branch.] (Anat.)
Between rami or branches; esp., between the mandibles, or
rami of the lower jaw; intermandibular.
Interreceive \In`ter*re*ceive"\, v. t.
To receive between or within.
Interregency \In`ter*re"gen*cy\, n.
An interregnum. [Obs.] --Blount.
Interregent \In`ter*re"gent\, n.
A person who discharges the royal functions during an
interregnum. --Holland.
Interregnum \In`ter*reg"num\, n.; pl. {Interregnums}. [L., fr.
inter between + regnum dominion, reign. See {Reign}, and cf.
{Interreign}.]
1. The time during which a throne is vacant between the death
or abdication of a sovereign and the accession of his
successor.
2. Any period during which, for any cause, the executive
branch of a government is suspended or interrupted.
Interreign \In"ter*reign`\, n. [Cf. F. interr[`e]gne.]
An interregnum. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Interrelated \In`ter*re*lat"ed\, a.
Having a mutual or reciprocal relation or parallelism;
correlative.
Interrelation \In`ter*re*la"tion\, n.
Mutual or reciprocal relation; correlation.
Interrenal \In`ter*re"nal\, a. (Anat.)
Between the kidneys; as, the interrenal body, an organ found
in many fishes. -- n. The interrenal body.
Interrepellent \In`ter*re*pel"lent\, a.
Mutually repellent. --De Quincey.
Interrer \In*ter"rer\, n.
One who inters.
Interrex \In"ter*rex`\, n.; pl. E. {Interrexes}, L.
{Interreges}. [L., fr. inter between + rex king.]
An interregent, or a regent.
Interrogate \In*ter"ro*gate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Interrogating}.] [L. interrogatus, p. p. of interrogare to
ask; inter between + rogare to ask. See Rogation.]
To question formally; to question; to examine by asking
questions; as, to interrogate a witness.
Wilt thou, uncalled, interrogate, Talker! the
unreplying Fate? --Emerson.
Syn: To question; ask. See {Question}.
Interrogate \In*ter"ro*gate\, v. i.
To ask questions. --Bacon.
Interrogate \In*ter"ro*gate\, n.
An interrogation; a question. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Interrogatee \In*ter`ro*ga*tee"\, n.
One who is interrogated.
Interrogation \In*ter`ro*ga"tion\, n. [L. interrogatio: cf. F.
interrogation.]
1. The act of interrogating or questioning; examination by
questions; inquiry.
2. A question put; an inquiry.
3. A point, mark, or sign, thus [?], indicating that the
sentence with which it is connected is a question. It is
used to express doubt, or to mark a query. Called also
{interrogation point}.
Note: In works printed in the Spanish language this mark is
not only placed at the end of an interrogative
sentence, but is also placed, inverted [as thus
([iques])], at the beginning.
Interrogative \In`ter*rog"a*tive\, a. [L. interrogativus: cf. F.
interrogatif.]
Denoting a question; expressed in the form of a question; as,
an interrogative sentence; an interrogative pronoun.
Interrogative \In`ter*rog"a*tive\, n. (Gram.)
A word used in asking questions; as, who? which? why?
Interrogatively \In`ter*rog"a*tive*ly\, adv.
In the form of, or by means of, a question; in an
interrogative manner.
Interrogator \In*ter"ro*ga`tor\, n. [L.: cf. F. interrogateur.]
One who asks questions; a questioner.
Interrogatory \In`ter*rog"a*to*ry\, n.; pl. {Interrogatories}.
[Cf. F. interrogatoire.]
A formal question or inquiry; esp. (Law), a question asked in
writing. --Macaulay.
Interrogatory \In`ter*rog"a*to*ry\, a. [L. interrogatorius.]
Containing, expressing, or implying a question; as, an
interrogatory sentence.
Interrupt \In`ter*rupt"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interrupted}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interrupting}.] [L. interruptus, p. p. of
interrumpere to interrupt; inter between + rumpere to break.
See {Rupture}.]
1. To break into, or between; to stop, or hinder by breaking
in upon the course or progress of; to interfere with the
current or motion of; to cause a temporary cessation of;
as, to interrupt the remarks speaking.
Do not interrupt me in my course. --Shak.
2. To divide; to separate; to break the monotony of; as, the
evenness of the road was not interrupted by a single hill.
Interrupt \In`ter*rupt"\, p. a. [L. interruptus, p. p.]
Broken; interrupted. [Obs.] --Milton.
Interrupted \In`ter*rupt"ed\, a.
1. Broken; intermitted; suddenly stopped.
2. (Bot.) Irregular; -- said of any arrangement whose
symmetry is destroyed by local causes, as when leaflets
are interposed among the leaves in a pinnate leaf.
Interruptedly \In`ter*rupt"ed*ly\, adv.
With breaks or interruptions; discontinuously.
{Interruptedly pinnate} (Bot.), pinnate with small leaflets
intermixed with large ones. --Gray.
Interrupter \In`ter*rupt"er\, n.
1. One who, or that which, interrupts.
2. (Elec.) A device for opening and closing an electrical
circuit; a vibrating spring or tuning fork, arranged to
make and break a circuit at rapidly recurring intervals,
by the action of the current itself.
Interruption \In`ter*rup"tion\, n. [L. interruptio: cf. F.
interruption.]
1. The act of interrupting, or breaking in upon.
2. The state of being interrupted; a breach or break, caused
by the abrupt intervention of something foreign;
intervention; interposition. --Sir M. Hale.
Lest the interruption of time cause you to lose the
idea of one part. --Dryden.
3. Obstruction caused by breaking in upon course, current,
progress, or motion; stop; hindrance; as, the author has
met with many interruptions in the execution of his work;
the speaker or the argument proceeds without interruption.
4. Temporary cessation; intermission; suspension.
Interruptive \In`ter*rupt"ive\, a.
Tending to interrupt; interrupting. ``Interruptive forces.''
--H. Bushnell. -- {In`ter*rupt"ive*ly}, adv.
Interscapular \In`ter*scap"u*lar\, a.
1. (Anat.) Between the scapul[ae] or shoulder blades.
2. (Zo["o]l.) Pertaining to the upper back, or the part
between the shoulders; as, the interscapular feathers.
Interscapulars \In`ter*scap"u*lars\, n. pl. (Zo["o]l.)
The interscapular feathers of a bird.
Interscendent \In`ter*scend"ent\, a. [See {Inter-}, and
{Ascend}.] (Math.)
Having exponents which are radical quantities; -- said of
certain powers; as, x^{[root]2}, or x^{[root]a}.
{Interscedent series}, a series whose terms are interscendent
quantities. --Hutton.
Interscind \In`ter*scind"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interscinded};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Interscinding}.] [L. interscindere; inter
between + scindere to cut.]
To cut off. [R.]
Interscribe \In`ter*scribe"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Interscribed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Interscribing}.] [L.
interscribere; inter between + scribere to write.]
To write between. [R.]
Intersecant \In`ter*se"cant\, a. [L. intersecans, p. pr. of
intersecare. See {Intersect}.]
Dividing into parts; crossing; intersecting.
Intersect \In`ter*sect"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intersected}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Intersecting}.] [L. intersectus, p. p. of
intersecare to intersect; inter + secare to cut. See
{Section}.]
To cut into or between; to cut or cross mutually; to divide
into parts; as, any two diameters of a circle intersect each
other at the center.
Lands intersected by a narrow frith Abhor each other.
--Cowper.
Intersect \In`ter*sect"\, v. i.
To cut into one another; to meet and cross each other; as,
the point where two lines intersect.
Intersection \In`ter*sec"tion\, n. [L. intersectio: cf. F.
intersection.]
1. The act, state, or place of intersecting.
2. (Geom.) The point or line in which one line or surface
cuts another.
Intersectional \In`ter*sec"tion*al\, a.
Pertaining to, or formed by, intersections.
Interseminate \In`ter*sem"i*nate\, v. t. [L. interseminatus, p.
p. of interseminare. See {Inter-}, and {Seminate}.]
To sow between or among. [R.]
Interseptal \In`ter*sep"tal\, a. (Biol.)
Between septa; as, the interseptal spaces or zones, between
the transparent, or septal, zones in striated muscle; the
interseptal chambers of a shell, or of a seed vessel.
Intersert \In`ter*sert"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Interserted}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Interserting}.] [L. intersertus, p. p. of
interserere to intersert; inter between + serere to join,
weave.]
To put in between other things; to insert. [Obs.]
--Brerewood.
Interserttion \In`ter*sert"tion\, n.
The act of interserting, or that which is interserted. [Obs.]
--Hammond.
Intersesamoid \In`ter*ses"a*moid\, a. (Anat.)
Between sesamoid bones; as, intersesamoid ligaments.
Interset \In`ter*set"\, v. t.
To set between or among. [R.]
Intershock \In`ter*shock\, v. t.
To shock mutually. [R.]
Intersidereal \In`ter*si*de"re*al\, a.
Between or among constellations or stars; interstellar.
Intersocial \In`ter*so"cial\, a.
Pertaining to the mutual intercourse or relations of persons
in society; social.
Intersomnious \In`ter*som"ni*ous\, a. [Pref. inter- + L. somnus
sleep.]
Between the times of sleeping; in an interval of wakefulness.
[R.]
Interspace \In"ter*space`\, n. [L. interspatium. See {Inter-},
and {Space}.]
Intervening space. --Bp. Hacket.
Interspeech \In"ter*speech`\, n.
A speech interposed between others. [R.] --Blount.
Intersperse \In`ter*sperse"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Interspersed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Interspersing}.] [L.
interspersus interspersed; inter between, among + spargere to
scatter. See {Sparse}.]
1. To scatter or set here and there among other things; to
insert at intervals; as, to intersperse pictures in a
book.
There, interspersed in lawns and op'ning glades,
Thin trees arise that shun each other's shades.
--Pope.
2. To diversify or adorn with things set or scattered at
intervals; to place something at intervals in or among;
as, to intersperse a book with pictures.
Which space is interspersed with small islands and
rock. --Cook.
Interspersion \In`ter*sper"sion\, n.
The act of interspersing, or the state of being interspersed.
Interspinal \In`ter*spi"nal\, Interspinous \In`ter*spi"nous\, a.
(Anat.)
Between spines; esp., between the spinous processes of the
vertebral column.
Interspiration \In`ter*spi*ra"tion\, n. [L. interspiratio. See
{Inter-}, and {Spirit}.]
Spiritual inspiration at separate times, or at intervals.
[Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
Interstapedial \In`ter*sta*pe"di*al\, a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, between the
stapes and the mediostapedial. -- n. The interstapedial part
of the columella.
Interstate \In"ter*state`\, a.
Pertaining to the mutual relations of States; existing
between, or including, different States; as, interstate
commerce. --Story.
Interstellar \In`ter*stel"lar\, a.
Between or among the stars; as, interstellar space. --Bacon.
Interstellary \In`ter*stel"la*ry\, a.
Interstellar.
Intersternal \In`ter*ster"nal\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Between the sternal; -- said of certain membranes or parts of
insects and crustaceans.
Interstice \In*ter"stice\ (?; 277), n.; pl. {Interstices}. [L.
interstitium a pause, interval; inter between + sistere to
set, fr. stare to stand: cf. F. interstice. See {Stand}.]
1. That which intervenes between one thing and another;
especially, a space between things closely set, or between
the parts which compose a body; a narrow chink; a crack; a
crevice; a hole; an interval; as, the interstices of a
wall.
2. An interval of time; specifically (R. C. Ch.), in the
plural, the intervals which the canon law requires between
the reception of the various degrees of orders.
Nonobservance of the interstices . . . is a sin.
--Addis &
Arnold.
Intersticed \In*ter"sticed\, a.
Provided with interstices; having interstices between;
situated at intervals.
Interstinctive \In`ter*stinc"tive\, a. [L. interstinctus, p. p.
of interstinguere to separate; inter + stinguere to
extinguish.]
Distinguishing. [Obs.] --Wallis.
Interstitial \In`ter*sti"tial\, a.
Of or pertaining to interstices; intermediate; within the
tissues; as, interstitial cavities or spaces in the tissues
of animals or plants.
Interstition \In`ter*sti"tion\, n.
An intervening period of time; interval. [Obs.] --Gower.
Interstratification \In`ter*strat`i*fi*ca"tion\, n. (Geol.)
Stratification among or between other layers or strata; also,
that which is interstratified.
Interstratified \In`ter*strat"i*fied\, a. (Geol.)
Stratified among or between other bodies; as, interstratified
rocks.
Interstratify \In`ter*strat"i*fy\, v. t. (Geol.)
To put or insert between other strata.
Intertalk \In`ter*talk"\, v. i.
To converse. [Obs.] --Carew.
Intertangle \In`ter*tan"gle\, v. t.
To entangle; to intertwine. ``Moss and intertangled vines.''
--Longfellow.
Intertarsal \In`ter*tar"sal\, a. (Anat.)
Between the tarsal bones; as, the intertarsal articulations.
Intertex \In`ter*tex"\, v. t. [L. intertexere; inter between +
texere to weave.]
To intertwine; to weave or bind together. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Intertexture \In`ter*tex"ture\ (?; 135), n.
The act of interweaving, or the state of being interwoven;
that which is interwoven. ''Knit in nice intertexture.''
--Coleridge.
Skirted thick with intertexture firm Of thorny boughs.
--Cowper.
Interthoracic \In`ter*tho*rac"ic\, a.
In the thorax.
Intertie \In"ter*tie`\, n. (Arch.)
In any framed work, a horizontal tie other than sill and
plate or other principal ties, securing uprights to one
another.
Intertissued \In`ter*tis"sued\, a.
Interwoven. [R.] --Shak.
Intertraffic \In`ter*traf"fic\, n.
Mutual trade of traffic.
Intertranspicuous \In`ter*tran*spic"u*ous\, a.
Transpicuous within or between. [R.] --Shelley.
Intertransverse \In`ter*trans*verse"\, a.
Between the transverse processes of the vertebr[ae].
Intertrigo \In`ter*tri"go\, n. [L., fr. inter between + terere,
tritum, to rub.] (Med.)
A rubbing or chafing of the skin; especially, an abrasion or
excoriation of the skin between folds, as in fat or neglected
children.
Intertrochanteric \In`ter*tro`chan*ter"ic\, a. (Anat.)
Between the trochanters of the femur.
Intertropical \In`ter*trop"ic*al\, a.
Situated between or within the tropics. --J. Morse.
Intertubular \In`ter*tu"bu*lar\, a.
Between tubes or tubules; as, intertubular cells;
intertubular substance.
Intertwine \In`ter*twine"\, v. t.
To unite by twining one with another; to entangle; to
interlace. --Milton.
Intertwine \In`ter*twine"\, v. i.
To be twined or twisted together; to become mutually involved
or enfolded.
Intertwine \In`ter*twine"\, n.
The act intertwining, or the state of being intertwined.
--Coleridge.
Intertwiningly \In`ter*twin"ing*ly\, adv.
By intertwining or being intertwined.
Intertwist \In`ter*twist"\, v. t.
To twist together one with another; to intertwine.
Intertwistingly \In`ter*twist"ing*ly\, adv.
By intertwisting, or being intertwisted.
Interungular \In`ter*un"gu*lar\, Interungulate
\In`ter*un"gu*late\, a. (Anat.)
Between ungul[ae]; as, interungular glands.
Interval \In"ter*val\, n. [L. intervallum; inter between +
vallum a wall: cf. F. intervalle. See {Wall}.]
1. A space between things; a void space intervening between
any two objects; as, an interval between two houses or
hills.
'Twixt host and host but narrow space was left, A
dreadful interval. --Milton.
2. Space of time between any two points or events; as, the
interval between the death of Charles I. of England, and
the accession of Charles II.
3. A brief space of time between the recurrence of similar
conditions or states; as, the interval between paroxysms
of pain; intervals of sanity or delirium.
4. (Mus.) Difference in pitch between any two tones.
{At intervals}, coming or happening with intervals between;
now and then. ``And Miriam watch'd and dozed at
intervals.'' --Tennyson.
{Augmented interval} (Mus.), an interval increased by half a
step or half a tone.
Interval \In"ter*val\, Intervale \In"ter*vale\, n.
A tract of low ground between hills, or along the banks of a
stream, usually alluvial land, enriched by the overflowings
of the river, or by fertilizing deposits of earth from the
adjacent hills. Cf. {Bottom}, n., 7. [Local, U. S.]
The woody intervale just beyond the marshy land. --The
Century.
Intervallum \In`ter*val"lum\, n.; pl. {Intervallums}, L.
{Intervalla}. [L.]
An interval. [R.]
And a' shall laugh without intervallums. --Shak.
In one of these intervalla. --Chillingworth.
Intervary \In`ter*va"ry\, v. i.
To alter or vary between; to change. [Obs.] --Rush.
Interveined \In`ter*veined"\, a.
Intersected, as with veins.
Intervene \In`ter*vene"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Intervened}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Intervening}.] [L. intervenire, interventum, to
intervene, to hinder; inter between + venire to come; akin to
E. come: cf. F. intervenir. See {Come}.]
1. To come between, or to be between, persons or things; --
followed by between; as, the Mediterranean intervenes
between Europe and Africa.
2. To occur, fall, or come between, points of time, or
events; as, an instant intervened between the flash and
the report; nothing intervened ( i. e., between the
intention and the execution) to prevent the undertaking.
3. To interpose; as, to intervene to settle a quarrel.
4. In a suit to which one has not been made a party, to put
forward a defense of one's interest in the subject matter.
--Abbott.
Intervene \In`ter*vene"\, v. t.
To come between. [R.]
Self-sown woodlands of birch, alder, etc., intervening
the different estates. --De Quincey.
Intervene \In`ter*vene"\, n.
A coming between; intervention; meeting. [Obs.] --Sir H.
Wotton.
Intervener \In`ter*ven"er\, n.
One who intervenes; especially (Law), a person who assumes a
part in a suit between others.
Intervenience \In`ter*ven"ience\, Interveniency
\In`ter*ven"ien*cy\, n.
Intervention; interposition. [R.]
Intervenient \In`ter*ven"ient\, a. [L. interveniens, p. pr. of
intervenire.]
Being or coming between; intercedent; interposed. [Obs.]
--Bacon.
Intervent \In`ter*vent"\, v. t. [See {Intervene}.]
To thwart; to obstruct. [Obs.] --Chapman.
Intervention \In`ter*ven"tion\, n. [L. interventio an
interposition: cf. F. intervention.]
1. The act of intervening; interposition.
Sound is shut out by the intervention of that lax
membrane. --Holder.
2. Any interference that may affect the interests of others;
especially, of one or more states with the affairs of
another; mediation.
Let us decide our quarrels at home, without the
intervention, of any foreign power. --Sir W.
Temple.
3. (Civil Law) The act by which a third person, to protect
his own interest, interposes and becomes a party to a suit
pending between other parties.
Interventor \In`ter*ven"tor\, n. [L.: cf. F. interventeur.]
One who intervenes; a mediator; especially (Eccles. Hist.), a
person designated by a church to reconcile parties, and unite
them in the choice of officers. --Coleman.
Interventricular \In`ter*ven*tric"u*lar\, a. (Anat.)
Between the ventricles; as, the interventricular partition of
the heart.
Intervenue \In`ter*ven"ue\, n. [See {Intervene}, {Avenue}.]
Interposition. [Obs.] --Sir H. Blount.
Intervert \In`ter*vert"\, v. t. [L. intervertere; inter between
+ vertere to turn.]
To turn to another course or use. [Obs.] --Sir H. Wotton.
Intervertebral \In`ter*ver"te*bral\, a. (Anat.)
Between vertebr[ae]. -- {In`ter*ver"te*bral*ly}, adv.
Interview \In"ter*view\, n. [F. entrevue, fr. entrevoir to see
imperfectly, to have a glimpse of, s'entrevoir to visit each
other. See {Inter-}, and {View}.]
1. A mutual sight or view; a meeting face to face; usually, a
formal or official meeting for consultation; a conference;
as, the secretary had an interview with the President.
2. A conservation, or questioning, for the purpose of
eliciting information for publication; the published
statement so elicited.
Note: A recent use, originating in American newspapers, but
apparently becoming general.
Interview \In"ter*view\, v. t.
To have an interview with; to question or converse with,
especially for the purpose of obtaining information for
publication. [Recent]
Interviewer \In"ter*view`er\, n.
One who interviews; especially, one who obtains an interview
with another for the purpose of eliciting his opinions or
obtaining information for publication.
It would have made him the prince of interviewers in
these days. --Leslie
Stephen.
Interviewing \In"ter*view`ing\, n.
The act or custom of holding an interview or interviews.
An article on interviewing in the ``Nation'' of January
28, 1869, . . . was the first formal notice of the
practice under that name. --The
American.
Intervisible \In`ter*vis"i*ble\, a. (Surv.)
Mutually visible, or in sight, the one from the other, as
stations.
Intervisit \In`ter*vis"it\, v. i.
To exchange visits. [R.] --Evelyn.
Intervital \In`ter*vi"tal\, a.
Between two lives. [R.]
Through all its [the spirit's] intervital gloom.
--Tennyson.
Intervolution \In`ter*vo*lu"tion\, n.
The state of being intervolved or coiled up; a convolution;
as, the intervolutions of a snake. --Hawthorne.
Intervolve \In`ter*volve"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intervolved};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Intervolving}.] [Pref. inter- + L. volvere,
volutum, to roll.]
To involve one within another; to twist or coil together.
--Milton.
Interweave \In`ter*weave"\, v. t. [imp. & obs. p. p.
{Interwove}; p. p. {Interwoven}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Interweaving}.]
1. To weave together; to intermix or unite in texture or
construction; to intertwine; as, threads of silk and
cotton interwoven.
Under the hospitable covert nigh Of trees thick
interwoven. --Milton.
2. To intermingle; to unite intimately; to connect closely;
as, to interweave truth with falsehood. --Dryden.
Words interwove with sighs found out their way.
--Milton.
Interwish \In`ter*wish"\, v. t.
To wish mutually in regarded to each other. [Obs.] --Donne.
Interworking \In`ter*work"ing\, n.
The act of working in together; interweaving. --Milton.
Interworld \In`ter*world"\, n.
A world between other worlds. --Holland.
Interwove \In`ter*wove"\, Interwoven \In`ter*wov"en\,
imp. & p. p. of {Interweave}.
Interwreathe \In`ter*wreathe"\, v. t.
To weave into a wreath; to intertwine. [R.] --Lovelace.
Intestable \In*tes"ta*ble\, a. [L. intestabilis: cf. F.
intestable. See {In-} not, and {Testable}.] (Law)
Not capable of making a will; not legally qualified or
competent to make a testament. --Blackstone.
Intestacy \In*tes"ta*cy\, n. [From {Intestate}.]
The state of being intestate, or of dying without having made
a valid will. --Blackstone.
Intestate \In*tes"tate\, a. [L. intestatus; pref. in- not +
testatus, p. p. of testari to make a will: cf. F. intestat.
See {Testament}.]
1. Without having made a valid will; without a will; as, to
die intestate. --Blackstone.
Airy succeeders of intestate joys. --Shak.
2. Not devised or bequeathed; not disposed of by will; as, an
intestate estate.
Intestate \In*tes"tate\, n. (Law)
A person who dies without making a valid will. --Blackstone.
Intestinal \In*tes"ti*nal\, a. [Cf. F. intestinal.]
Of or pertaining to the intestines of an animal; as, the
intestinal tube; intestinal digestion; intestinal ferments.
{Intestinal canal}. Same as {Intestine}, n.
{Intestinal worm} (Zo["o]l.), any species of helminth living
in the intestinal canal of any animal. The species are
numerous.
Intestine \In*tes"tine\, a. [L. intestinus, fr. intus on the
inside, within, fr. in in: cf. F. intestine. See {In}.]
1. Internal; inward; -- opposed to {external}.
Epilepsies, fierce catarrhs, Intestine stone and
ulcers. --Milton.
2. Internal with regard to a state or country; domestic; not
foreign; -- applied usually to that which is evil; as,
intestine disorders, calamities, etc.
Hoping here to end Intestine war in heaven, the arch
foe subdued. --Milton.
An intestine struggle . . . between authority and
liberty. --Hume.
3. Depending upon the internal constitution of a body or
entity; subjective.
Everything labors under and intestine necessity.
--Cudworth.
4. Shut up; inclosed. [R.] --Cowper.
Intestine \In*tes"tine\, n.; pl. {Intestines}. [L. intestinum:
cf. F. intestin. See {Intestine}, a.]
1. (Anat.) That part of the alimentary canal between the
stomach and the anus. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus.
2. pl. The bowels; entrails; viscera.
{Large intestine} (Human Anat. & Med.), the lower portion of
the bowel, terminating at the anus. It is adapted for the
retention of fecal matter, being shorter, broader, and
less convoluted than the small intestine; it consists of
three parts, the c[ae]cum, colon, and rectum.
{Small intestine} (Human Anat. & Med.), the upper portion of
the bowel, in which the process of digestion is
practically completed. It is narrow and contorted, and
consists of three parts, the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
Intext \In"text\, n.
The text of a book. [R.] --Herrick.
Intextine \In*tex"tine\, n. [Infine + extine.] (Bot.)
A thin membrane existing in the pollen grains of some plants,
and situated between the extine and the intine, as in
[OE]nothera.
Intextured \In*tex"tured\ (?; 135), a.
Inwrought; woven in.
Inthirst \In*thirst"\, v. t.
To make thirsty. [Obs.]
Inthrall \In*thrall"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inthralled}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Inthralling}.] [Cf. {Enthrall}.] [Written also
{inthral}, {enthral}, and {enthrall}.]
To reduce to bondage or servitude; to make a thrall, slave,
vassal, or captive of; to enslave.
She soothes, but never can inthrall my mind. --Prior.
Inthrallment \In*thrall"ment\, n. [Written also inthralment,
enthrallment.]
Act of inthralling, or state of being inthralled; servitude;
bondage; vassalage.
Inthrone \In*throne"\, v. t.
Same as {Enthrone}.
Inthrong \In*throng"\ (?; 115), v. i.
To throng or collect together. [R.] --Fairfax.
Inthronization \In*thron`i*za"tion\, n. [LL. inthronizatio.]
Enthronement. --Bp. Warburton.
Inthronize \In*thron"ize\, v. t. [LL. inthronisare, Gr. ?. See
{Enthrone}.]
To enthrone.
Intice \In*tice"\, v. t.
See {Entice}.
Intimacy \In"ti*ma*cy\, n.; pl. {Intimacies}. [From {Intimate}.]
The state of being intimate; close familiarity or
association; nearness in friendship.
Syn: Acquaintance; familiarity; fellowship; friendship. See
{Acquaintance}.
Intimate \In"ti*mate\, a. [Formerly intime, L. intimus, a
superl. corresponding to the compar. interior: cf. F. intime.
The form intimate is due to confusion with intimate, v. t.
See {Interior}.]
1. Innermost; inward; internal; deep-seated; hearty. ``I knew
from intimate impulse.'' --Milton.
2. Near; close; direct; thorough; complete.
He was honored with an intimate and immediate
admission. --South.
3. Close in friendship or acquaintance; familiar;
confidential; as, an intimate friend.
Syn: Familiar; near; friendly; confidential.
Intimate \In"ti*mate\, n.
An intimate friend or associate; a confidant. --Gov. of the
Tongue.
Intimate \In"ti*mate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intimated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Intimating}.] [L. intimatus, p. p. of intimare to
put, bring, drive, or press into, to announce, make known,
from intimus the inmost. See {Intimate}, a.]
1. To announce; to declare; to publish; to communicate; to
make known. [Obs.]
He, incontinent, did proclaim and intimate open war.
--E. Hall.
So both conspiring 'gan to intimate Each other's
grief. --Spenser.
2. To suggest obscurely or indirectly; to refer to remotely;
to give slight notice of; to hint; as, he intimated his
intention of resigning his office.
The names of simple ideas and substances, with the
abstract ideas in the mind, intimate some real
existence, from which was derived their original
pattern. --Locke.
Intimately \In"ti*mate*ly\, adv.
In an intimate manner.
Intimation \In`ti*ma"tion\, n. [L. intimatio: cf. F.
intimation.]
1. The act of intimating; also, the thing intimated.
2. Announcement; declaration. --Macaulay.
They made an edict with an intimation that whosoever
killed a stork, should be banished. --Holland.
3. A hint; an obscure or indirect suggestion or notice; a
remote or ambiguous reference; as, he had given only
intimations of his design.
Without mentioning the king of England, or giving
the least intimation that he was sent by him. --Bp.
Burnet.
Intime \In"time\, a. [See {Intimate}, a.]
Inward; internal; intimate. [Obs.] --Sir K. Digby.
Intimidate \In*tim"i*date\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intimidated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Intimidating}.] [LL. intimidatus, p. p. of
intimidare to frighten; pref. in- in + timidus fearful,
timid: cf. F. intimider. See {Timid}.]
To make timid or fearful; to inspire of affect with fear; to
deter, as by threats; to dishearten; to abash.
Now guilt, once harbored in the conscious breast,
Intimidates the brave, degrades the great. --Johnson.
Syn: To dishearten; dispirit; abash; deter; frighten;
terrify; daunt; cow.
Intimidation \In*tim`i*da"tion\, n. [Cf. F. intimidation.]
The act of making timid or fearful or of deterring by
threats; the state of being intimidated; as, the voters were
kept from the polls by intimidation.
The king carried his measures in Parliament by
intimidation. --Paley.
Intimidatory \In*tim"i*da*to*ry\, a.
Tending or serving to intimidate.
Intinction \In*tinc"tion\, n. [L. intinctio, fr. intingere to
dip in; pref. in- in + tingere to tinge.]
1. The act of tingeing or dyeing. --Blount.
2. (Eccl.) A method or practice of the administration of the
sacrament by dipping the bread or wafer in the wine and
administering both together.
Intinctivity \In`tinc*tiv"i*ty\, n. [Pref. in- not + L. tinctus,
p. p. of tingere to tinge]
The want of the quality of coloring or tingeing other bodies.
--Kirwan.
Intine \In"tine\, n. [L. intus within. Cf. {Extine}.] (Bot.)
A transparent, extensible membrane of extreme tenuity, which
forms the innermost coating of grains of pollen.
Intire \In*tire"\, a., Intirely \In*tire"ly\, adv.
See {Entire}, a., {Entirely}, adv.
Intitle \In*ti"tle\, v. t.
See {Entitle}.
Intitule \In*tit"ule\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intituled}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Intituling}.] [Cf. F. intituler. See {Entitle}.]
To entitle; to give a title to. --Selden.
Into \In"to\, prep. [In + to.]
To the inside of; within. It is used in a variety of
applications.
1. Expressing entrance, or a passing from the outside of a
thing to its interior parts; -- following verbs expressing
motion; as, come into the house; go into the church; one
stream falls or runs into another; water enters into the
fine vessels of plants.
2. Expressing penetration beyond the outside or surface, or
access to the inside, or contents; as, to look into a
letter or book; to look into an apartment.
3. Indicating insertion; as, to infuse more spirit or
animation into a composition.
4. Denoting inclusion; as, put these ideas into other words.
5. Indicating the passing of a thing from one form,
condition, or state to another; as, compound substances
may be resolved into others which are more simple; ice is
convertible into water, and water into vapor; men are more
easily drawn than forced into compliance; we may reduce
many distinct substances into one mass; men are led by
evidence into belief of truth, and are often enticed into
the commission of crimes'into; she burst into tears;
children are sometimes frightened into fits; all persons
are liable to be seduced into error and folly.
Note: Compare {In}.
Intolerability \In*tol`er*a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being intolerable; intolerableness. [R.]
Intolerable \In*tol"er*a*ble\, a. [F. intol['e]rable, L.
intolerabilis. See {In-} not, and {Tolerable}.]
1. Not tolerable; not capable of being borne or endured; not
proper or right to be allowed; insufferable;
insupportable; unbearable; as, intolerable pain;
intolerable heat or cold; an intolerable burden.
His insolence is more intolerable Than all the princes in
the land beside. --Shak.
4. Enormous.
This intolerable deal of sack. --Shak.
-- {In*tol"er*a*ble*ness}, n. -- {In*tol"er*a*bly}, adv.
Intolerance \In*tol"er*ance\, n. [L. intolerantia impatience,
unendurableness: cf. F. intol['e]rance.]
1. Want of capacity to endure; as, intolerance of light.
2. The quality of being intolerant; refusal to allow to
others the enjoyment of their opinions, chosen modes of
worship, and the like; want of patience and forbearance;
illiberality; bigotry; as, intolerance shown toward a
religious sect.
These few restrictions, I hope, are no great
stretches of intolerance, no very violent exertions
of despotism. --Burke.
Intolerancy \In*tol"er*an*cy\, n.
Intolerance. --Bailey.
Intolerant \In*tol"er*ant\, a. [L. intolerans, -antis: cf. F.
intol['e]rant. See {In-} not, and {Tolerant}.]
1. Not enduring; not able to endure.
The powers of human bodies being limited and
intolerant of excesses. --Arbuthnot.
2. Not tolerating difference of opinion or sentiment,
especially in religious matters; refusing to allow others
the enjoyment of their opinions, rights, or worship;
unjustly impatient of the opinion of those disagree with
us; not tolerant; unforbearing; bigoted.
Religion, harsh, intolerant, austere, Parent of
manners like herself severe. --Cowper.
Intolerant \In*tol"er*ant\, n.
An intolerant person; a bigot.
Intolerantly \In*tol"er*ant*ly\, adv.
In an intolerant manner.
Intolerated \In*tol"er*a`ted\, a.
Not tolerated.
Intolerating \In*tol"er*a`ting\, a.
Intolerant. [R.]
Intoleration \In*tol`er*a"tion\, n.
Intolerance; want of toleration; refusal to tolerate a
difference of opinion.
Intomb \In*tomb"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intombed}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Intombing}.]
To place in a tomb; to bury; to entomb. See {Entomb}.
Intombment \In*tomb"ment\, n.
See {Entombment}.
Intonate \In"to*nate\, v. i. [L. intonatus, p. p. of intonare to
thunder, resound.]
To thunder. [Obs.] --Bailey.
Intonate \In"to*nate\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Intonated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Intonating}.] [See {Intone}.]
1. (Mus.) To sound the tones of the musical scale; to
practice the sol-fa.
2. To modulate the voice in a musical, sonorous, and measured
manner, as in reading the liturgy; to intone.
Intonate \In"to*nate\, v. t.
To utter in a musical or sonorous manner; to chant; as, to
intonate the liturgy.
Intonation \In`to*na"tion\, n. [See 1st {Intonate}.]
A thundering; thunder. [Obs.] --Bailey.
Intonation \In`to*na"tion\, n. [Cf. F. intonation. See
{Intone}.] (Mus.)
(a) The act of sounding the tones of the musical scale.
(b) Singing or playing in good tune or otherwise; as, her
intonation was false.
(c) Reciting in a musical prolonged tone; intonating, or
singing of the opening phrase of a plain-chant, psalm, or
canticle by a single voice, as of a priest. See {Intone},
v. t.
Intone \In*tone"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intoned}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Intoning}.] [LL. intonare, intonatum; pref. in- in + L.
tonus tone. See {Tone} and cf. {Entune}, {Intonate}.]
To utter with a musical or prolonged note or tone; to chant;
as, to intone the church service.
Intone \In*tone"\, v. i.
To utter a prolonged tone or a deep, protracted sound; to
speak or recite in a measured, sonorous manner; to intonate.
--Pope.
Intorsion \In*tor"sion\, n. [L. intortio a curling, crisping:
cf. F. intorsion. See {Intort}, and cf. {Intortion}.]
1. A winding, bending, or twisting.
2. (Bot.) The bending or twining of any part of a plant
toward one side or the other, or in any direction from the
vertical.
Intort \In*tort"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intorted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Intorting}.] [L. intortus, p. p. of intoquere to twist;
pref. in- in + torquere to twist.]
To twist in and out; to twine; to wreathe; to wind; to wring.
--Pope.
Intortion \In*tor"tion\, n.
See {Intorsion}.
Intoxicant \In*tox"i*cant\, n.
That which intoxicates; an intoxicating agent; as, alcohol,
opium, and laughing gas are intoxicants.
Intoxicate \In*tox"i*cate\, a. [LL. intoxicatus, p. p. of
intoxicare to drug or poison; pref. in- in + L. toxicum a
poison in which arrows were dipped, Gr. ?, fr. ? pertaining
to a bow. See {Toxic}.]
1. Intoxicated.
2. Overexcited, as with joy or grief.
Alas, good mother, be not intoxicate for me; I am
well enough. --Chapman.
Intoxicate \In*tox"i*cate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intoxicated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Intoxicating}.]
1. To poison; to drug. --South.
2. To make drunk; to inebriate; to excite or to stupefy by
strong drink or by a narcotic substance.
With new wine inoxicated both. --Milton.
3. To excite to a transport of enthusiasm, frenzy, or
madness; to elate unduly or excessively.
Intoxicated with the sound of those very bells. --G.
Eliot.
They are not intoxicated by military success.
--Jowett
(Thuc. ).
Intoxicatedness \In*tox"i*ca`ted*ness\, n.
The state of being intoxicated; intoxication; drunkenness.
[R.]
Intoxicating \In*tox"i*ca`ting\, a.
Producing intoxication; fitted to intoxicate; as,
intoxicating liquors.
Intoxication \In*tox`i*ca"tion\, n.
1. (Med.) A poisoning, as by a spirituous or a narcotic
substance.
2. The state of being intoxicated or drunk; inebriation;
ebriety; drunkenness; the act of intoxicating or making
drunk.
2. A high excitement of mind; an elation which rises to
enthusiasm, frenzy, or madness.
That secret intoxication of pleasure. --Spectator.
Syn: Drunkenness; inebriation; inebriety; ebriety;
infatuation; delirium. See {Drunkenness}.
Intra- \In"tra-\ [L. intra, prep., within, on the inside; akin
to inter. See {Inter-}.]
A prefix signifying in, within, interior; as, intraocular,
within the eyeball; intramarginal.
Intraaxillary \In`tra*ax"il*la*ry\, a. (Bot.)
Situated below the point where a leaf joins the stem.
Intracellular \In`tra*cel"lu*lar\, a. (Biol.)
Within a cell; as, the intracellular movements seen in the
pigment cells, the salivary cells, and in the protoplasm of
some vegetable cells.
Intracolic \In`tra*col"ic\, a. (Anat.)
Within the colon; as, the intracolic valve.
Intracranial \In`tra*cra"ni*al\, a.
Within the cranium or skull. --Sir W. Hamilton.
Intractability \In*tract`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being intractable; intractableness. --Bp.
Hurd.
Intractable \In*tract"a*ble\, a. [L. intractabilis: cf. F.
intraitable, formerly also intractable. See {In-} not, and
{Tractable}.]
Not tractable; not easily governed, managed, or directed;
indisposed to be taught, disciplined, or tamed; violent;
stubborn; obstinate; refractory; as, an intractable child.
Syn: Stubborn; perverse; obstinate; refractory; cross;
unmanageable; unruly; headstrong; violent; ungovernable;
unteachable. -- {In*tract"a*ble*ness}, n. --
{In*tract"a*bly}, adv.
Intractile \In*tract"ile\, a.
Not tractile; incapable of being drawn out or extended.
--Bacon.
Intrados \In*tra"dos\, n. [F., fr. L. intra within + F. dos the
back, L. dorsum. Cf. {Extrados}.] (Arch.)
The interior curve of an arch; esp., the inner or lower
curved face of the whole body of voussoirs taken together.
See {Extrados}.
Intrafoliaceous \In`tra*fo`li*a"ceous\, a. (Bot.)
Growing immediately above, or in front of, a leaf; as,
intrafoliaceous stipules.
Intrafusion \In`tra*fu"sion\, n. [Pref. intra- + L. fundere,
fusum, to pour.]
The act of pouring into a vessel; specif. (Med.), the
operation of introducing a substance into a blood vessel; as,
intrafusion of blood.
Intralobular \In`tra*lob"u*lar\, a. (Anat.)
Within lobules; as, the intralobular branches of the hepatic
veins.
Intramarginal \In`tra*mar"gin*al\, a.
Situated within the margin. --Loudon.
Intramercurial \In`tra*mer*cu"ri*al\, a. (Astron.)
Between the planet Mercury and the sun; -- as, the
hypothetical Vulcan is intramercurial.
Intramolecular \In`tra*mo*lec"u*lar\, a. (Chem. & Physics)
Between molecules; situated, or acting, between the molecules
of bodies.
Intramundane \In`tra*mun"dane\, a.
Being within the material world; -- opposed to
{extramundane}.
Intramural \In`tra*mu"ral\, a.
1. Being within the walls, as of a city.
2. (Anat. & Med.) Being within the substance of the walls of
an organ; as, intramural pregnancy.
Intranquillity \In`tran*quil"li*ty\, n.
Unquietness; restlessness. --Sir W. Temple.
Intranscalent \In`trans*ca"lent\, a.
Impervious to heat; adiathermic.
Intransgressible \In`trans*gress"i*ble\, a. [L. intragressibilis
that can not be crossed. See {In-} not, and {Transgress}.]
Incapable of being transgressed; not to be passes over or
crossed. --Holland.
Intranssient \In*trans"sient\, a.
Not transient; remaining; permanent. --Killingbeck.
Intransigent \In*trans"i*gent\, a. [F. intransigeant (cf. Sp.
intransigente); pref. in- not + L. transigere to come to an
agreement; trans across + agere to lead, act.]
Refusing compromise; uncompromising; irreconcilable. --Lond.
Sat. Rev.
Intransigentes \In`trans"i*gen*tes\, n. pl. [Sp.] (Spanish
Politics)
The extreme radicals; the party of the irreconcilables.
Intransitive \In*tran"si*tive\, a. [L. intransitivus: cf. F.
intransitif. See {In-} not, and {Transitive}.]
1. Not passing farther; kept; detained. [R.]
And then it is for the image's sake and so far is
intransitive; but whatever is paid more to the image
is transitive and passes further. --Jer. Taylor.
2. (Gram.) Not transitive; not passing over to an object;
expressing an action or state that is limited to the agent
or subject, or, in other words, an action which does not
require an object to complete the sense; as, an
intransitive verb, e. g., the bird flies; the dog runs.
Note: Intransitive verbs have no passive form. Some verbs
which appear at first sight to be intransitive are in
reality, or were originally, transitive verbs with a
reflexive or other object omitted; as, he keeps (i. e.,
himself) aloof from danger. Intransitive verbs may take
a noun of kindred signification for a cognate object;
as, he died the death of a hero; he dreamed a dream.
Some intransitive verbs, by the addition of a
preposition, become transitive, and so admit of a
passive voice; as, the man laughed at; he was laughed
at by the man.
Intransitively \In*tran"si*tive*ly\, adv. (Gram.)
Without an object following; in the manner of an intransitive
verb.
In transitu \In` tran"si*tu\ [L.] (Law)
In transit; during passage; as, goods in transitu.
Intransmissible \In`trans*mis"si*ble\, a.
Not capable of being transmitted.
Intransmutability \In`trans*mu`ta*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being intransmutable.
Intransmutable \In`trans*mut"a*ble\, a.
Not capable of being transmuted or changed into another
substance.
Intrant \In"trant\, a. [L. intrans, p. pr. of intrare to enter.
See {Enter}.]
Entering; penetrating.
Intrant \In"trant\, n.
One who enters; especially, a person entering upon some
office or station. --Hume.
Intranuclear \In`tra*nu"cle*ar\, a. (Biol.)
Within the nucleus of a cell; as. the intranuclear network of
fibrils, seen in the first stages of karyokinesis.
Intrap \In*trap"\, v. t.
See {Entrap}. --Spenser.
Intraparietal \In"tra*pa*ri"e*tal\, a.
Situated or occurring within an inclosure; shut off from
public sight; private; secluded; retired.
I have no Turkish proclivities, and I do not think
that, after all, impaling is preferable as a mode of
capital punishment to intraparietal hanging.
--Roll?ston.
Intrapetiolar \In`tra*pet"i*o*lar\, a. (Bot.)
Situated between the petiole and the stem; -- said of the
pair of stipules at the base of a petiole when united by
those margins next the petiole, thus seeming to form a single
stipule between the petiole and the stem or branch; -- often
confounded with interpetiolar, from which it differs
essentially in meaning.
Intraterritorial \In`tra*ter`ri*to"ri*al\, a.
Within the territory or a territory.
Intrathoracic \In`tra*tho*rac"ic\, a.
Within the thora? or chest.
Intratropical \In`tra*trop"ic*al\, a.
Within the tropics.
Intrauterine \In`tra*u"ter*ine\, a.
Within the uterus or womb; as, intrauterine hemorrhage.
Intravalvular \In`tra*valv"u*lar\, a.
Between valves.
Intravenous \In`tra*ve"nous\, a.
Within the veins.
Intraventricular \In`tra*ven*tric"u*lar\, a.
Within or between ventricles.
Intreasure \In*treas"ure\ (?; 135), v. t.
To lay up, as in a treasury; to hoard. [Obs.] --Shak.
Intreat \In*treat"\, v. t.
See {Entreat}. --Spenser.
Intreatable \In*treat"a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + treatable.]
Not to be entreated; inexorable.
Intreatance \In*treat"ance\, n.
Entreaty. [Obs.] --Holland.
Intreatful \In*treat"ful\, a.
Full of entreaty. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Intrench \In*trench"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intrenched}; p. pr.
& vb. n. {Intrenching}.]
1. To cut in; to furrow; to make trenches in or upon.
It was this very sword intrenched it. --Shak.
His face Deep scars of thunder had intrenched.
--Milton.
2. To surround with a trench or with intrenchments, as in
fortification; to fortify with a ditch and parapet; as,
the army intrenched their camp, or intrenched itself. ``In
the suburbs close intrenched.'' --Shak.
Intrench \In*trench"\, v. i.
To invade; to encroach; to infringe or trespass; to enter on,
and take possession of, that which belongs to another; --
usually followed by on or upon; as, the king was charged with
intrenching on the rights of the nobles, and the nobles were
accused of intrenching on the prerogative of the crown.
We are not to intrench upon truth in any conversation,
but least of all with children. --Locke.
Intrenchant \In*trench"ant\, a. [Pref. in- not + trenchant.]
Not to be gashed or marked with furrows. [Obs.]
As easy mayest thou the intrenchant air With thy keen
sword impress, as make me bleed. --Shak.
Intrenchment \In*trench"ment\, n. [From {Intrench}.]
1. The act of intrenching or the state of being intrenched.
2. (Mil.) Any defensive work consisting of at least a trench
or ditch and a parapet made from the earth thrown up in
making such a ditch.
On our side, we have thrown up intrenchments on
Winter and Prospect Hills. --Washington.
3. Any defense or protection.
4. An encroachment or infringement.
The slight intrenchment upon individual freedom.
--Southey.
Intrepid \In*trep"id\, a. [L. intrepidus: cf. F. intr['e]pide.
See {In-} not, and {Trepidation}.]
Not trembling or shaking with fear; fearless; bold; brave;
undaunted; courageous; as, an intrepid soldier; intrepid
spirit.
Syn: Fearless; dauntless; resolute; brave; courageous;
daring; valiant; heroic; doughty.
Intrepidity \In`tre*pid"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. intr['e]pidit['e].]
The quality or state of being intrepid; fearless bravery;
courage; resoluteness; valor.
Sir Roger had acquitted himself of two or three
sentences with a look of much business and great
intrepidity. --Addison.
Syn: Courage; heroism; bravery; fortitude; gallantry; valor.
See {Courage}, {Heroism}.
Intrepidly \In*trep"id*ly\, adv.
In an intrepid manner; courageously; resolutely.
Intricable \In"tri*ca*ble\, a. [See {Intricate}.]
Entangling. [Obs.] --Shelton.
Intricacy \In"tri*ca*cy\, n.; pl. {Intricacies}. [From
{Intricate}.]
The state or quality of being intricate or entangled;
perplexity; involution; complication; complexity; that which
is intricate or involved; as, the intricacy of a knot; the
intricacy of accounts; the intricacy of a cause in
controversy; the intricacy of a plot.
Freed from intricacies, taught to live The easiest way.
--Milton.
Intricate \In"tri*cate\, a. [L. intricatus, p. p. of intricare
to entangle, perplex. Cf. {Intrigue}, {Extricate}.]
Entangled; involved; perplexed; complicated; difficult to
understand, follow, arrange, or adjust; as, intricate
machinery, labyrinths, accounts, plots, etc.
His style was fit to convey the most intricate business
to the understanding with the utmost clearness.
--Addison.
The nature of man is intricate. --Burke.
Syn: {Intricate}, {Complex}, {Complicated}.
Usage: A thing is complex when it is made up of parts; it is
complicated when those parts are so many, or so
arranged, as to make it difficult to grasp them; it is
intricate when it has numerous windings and confused
involutions which it is hard to follow out. What is
complex must be resolved into its parts; what is
complicated must be drawn out and developed; what is
intricate must be unraveled.
Intricate \In"tri*cate\, v. t.
To entangle; to involve; to make perplexing. [Obs.]
It makes men troublesome, and intricates all wise
discourses. --Jer. Taylor.
Intricately \In"tri*cate*ly\, adv.
In an intricate manner.
Intricateness \In"tri*cate*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being intricate; intricacy.
Intrication \In`tri*ca"tion\, n.
Entanglement. [Obs.]
Intrigante \In`tri`gante"\, n. [F.]
A female intriguer.
Intrigue \In*trigue"\ ([i^]n*tr[=e]g"), v. i. [imp. & p. p.
{Intrigued} (-tr[=e]gd"); p. pr. & vb. n. {Intriguing}.] [F.
intriguer, OF. intriquer, entriquer; cf. It. intrigare. See
{Intricate}, {Extricate}.]
1. To form a plot or scheme; to contrive to accomplish a
purpose by secret artifice.
2. To carry on a secret and illicit love or amour.
Intrigue \In*trigue"\, v. t.
To fill with artifice and duplicity; to complicate; to
embarrass. [Obs.]
How doth it [sin] perplex and intrique the whole course
of your lives! --Dr. J.
Scott.
Intrigue \In*trigue"\, n. [Cf. F. intrique. See {Intrigue}, v.
i.]
1. Intricacy; complication. [Obs.] --Sir M. Hale.
2. A complicated plot or scheme intended to effect some
purpose by secret artifice; conspiracy; stratagem.
Busy meddlers with intrigues of state. --Pomfret.
3. The plot or romance; a complicated scheme of designs,
actions, and events. --Pope.
4. A secret and illicit love affair between two persons of
different sexes; an amour; a liaison.
The hero of a comedy is represented victorious in
all his intrigues. --Swift.
Syn: Plot; scheme; conspiracy; machination.
Intriguer \In*trigu"er\ ([i^]n*tr[=e]g"[~e]r), n.
One who intrigues.
Intriguery \In*trigu"er*y\, n.
Arts or practice of intrigue.
Intriguingly \In*trigu"ing*ly\, adv.
By means of, or in the manner of, intrigue.
Intrinse \In*trinse"\ (-tr[i^]ns"), a. [See {Intrinsic}, and
{Intense}.]
Tightly drawn; or (perhaps) intricate. [Very rare]
Like rats, oft bite the holy cords atwain, Which are
too intrinse to unloose. --Shak.
Intrinsic \In*trin"sic\ ([i^]n*tr[i^]n"s[i^]k), a. [L.
intrinsecus inward, on the inside; intra within + secus
otherwise, beside; akin to E. second: cf. F. intrins[`e]que.
See {Inter-}, {Second}, and cf. {Extrinsic}.]
1. Inward; internal; hence, true; genuine; real; essential;
inherent; not merely apparent or accidental; -- opposed to
{extrinsic}; as, the intrinsic value of gold or silver;
the intrinsic merit of an action; the intrinsic worth or
goodness of a person.
He was better qualified than they to estimate justly
the intrinsic value of Grecian philosophy and
refinement. --I. Taylor.
2. (Anat.) Included wholly within an organ or limb, as
certain groups of muscles; -- opposed to {extrinsic}.
{Intrinsic energy of a body} (Physics), the work it can do in
virtue of its actual condition, without any supply of
energy from without.
{Intrinsic equation of a curve} (Geom.), the equation which
expresses the relation which the length of a curve,
measured from a given point of it, to a movable point, has
to the angle which the tangent to the curve at the movable
point makes with a fixed line.
{Intrinsic value}. See the Note under {Value}, n.
Syn: Inherent; innate; natural; real; genuine.
Intrinsic \In*trin"sic\, n.
A genuine quality. [Obs.] --Warburton.
Intrinsical \In*trin"sic*al\, a. [Formerly written
{intrinsecal}.]
1. Intrinsic.
2. Intimate; closely familiar. [Obs.] --Sir H. Wotton.
Intrinsicality \In*trin`si*cal"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being intrinsic; essentialness; genuineness;
reality.
Intrinsically \In*trin"sic*al*ly\, adv.
Internally; in its nature; essentially; really; truly.
A lie is a thing absolutely and intrinsically evil.
--South.
Intrinsicalness \In*trin"sic*al*ness\, n.
The quality of being intrinsical; intrinsicality.
Intrinsicate \In*trin"si*cate\, a.
Intricate. [Obs.] --Shak.
Intro- \In"tro-\ [L. intro, adv., inwardly, within. See
{Inter-}.]
A prefix signifying within, into, in, inward; as, introduce,
introreception, introthoracic.
Introcession \In`tro*ces"sion\, n. [L. introcedere, introcessum,
to go in; intro within + cedere to go.] (Med.)
A depression, or inward sinking of parts.
Introduce \In`tro*duce"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Introduced}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Introducing}.] [L. introducere, introductum;
intro within + ducere to lead. See {Intro-}, and {Duke}.]
1. To lead or bring in; to conduct or usher in; as, to
introduce a person into a drawing-room.
2. To put (something into a place); to insert; as, to
introduce the finger, or a probe.
3. To lead to and make known by formal announcement or
recommendation; hence, to cause to be acquainted; as, to
introduce strangers; to introduce one person to another.
4. To bring into notice, practice, cultivation, or use; as,
to introduce a new fashion, method, or plant.
5. To produce; to cause to exist; to induce. [Obs.]
Whosoever introduces habits in children, deserves
the care and attention of their governors. --Locke.
6. To open to notice; to begin; to present; as, he introduced
the subject with a long preface.
Syn: To bring in; usher in; insert; begin; preface.
Introducement \In`tro*duce"ment\, n.
Introduction. [Obs.]
Introducer \In`tro*du"cer\, n.
One who, or that which, introduces.
Introduct \In`tro*duct"\, v. t.
To introduce. [Obs.]
Introduction \In`tro*duc"tion\, n. [L. introductio: cf. F.
introduction. See {Introduce}.]
1. The act of introducing, or bringing to notice.
2. The act of formally making persons known to each other; a
presentation or making known of one person to another by
name; as, the introduction of one stranger to another.
3. That part of a book or discourse which introduces or leads
the way to the main subject, or part; preliminary; matter;
preface; proem; exordium.
4. A formal and elaborate preliminary treatise; specifically,
a treatise introductory to other treatises, or to a course
of study; a guide; as, an introduction to English
literature.
Introductive \In`tro*duc"tive\, a. [Cf. F. introductif.]
Serving to introduce; introductory. -- {In`tro*duc"tive*ly},
adv.
Introductor \In`tro*duc"tor\, n. [L.]
An introducer. [Obs.]
Introductorily \In`tro*duc"to*ri*ly\, adv.
By way of introduction.
Introductory \In`tro*duc"to*ry\, a. [L. itroductorius: cf. F.
introductoire.]
Serving to introduce something else; leading to the main
subject or business; preliminary; prefatory; as, introductory
proceedings; an introductory discourse.
Introductress \In`tro*duc"tress\, n.
A female introducer.
Introflexed \In`tro*flexed"\, a.
Flexed or bent inward.
Introgression \In`tro*gres"sion\, n. [L. introgressus, p. p. of
introgredi to go in; intro- within + gradi to step, go.]
The act of going in; entrance. --Blount.
Introit \In*tro"it\, n. [L. introitus, fr. introire to go into,
to enter; intro within + ire to go: cf. F. introit.]
1. A going in. --Caxton.
2. (R. C. Ch.)
(a) A psalm sung or chanted immediately before the
collect, epistle, and gospel, and while the priest is
entering within the rails of the altar.
(b) A part of a psalm or other portion of Scripture read
by the priest at Mass immediately after ascending to
the altar.
3. (R. C. Ch.) An anthem or psalm sung before the Communion
service.
4. Any composition of vocal music appropriate to the opening
of church services.
Intromission \In`tro*mis"sion\, n. [Cf. F. intromission. See
{Intromit}.]
1. The act of sending in or of putting in; insertion.
--South.
2. The act of letting go in; admission.
3. (Scots Law) An intermeddling with the affairs of another,
either on legal grounds or without authority.
Intromit \In`tro*mit"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intromitted}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Intromitting}.] [L. intromittere, intromissum;
intro- within + mittere to send.]
1. To send in or put in; to insert or introduce. --Greenhill.
2. To allow to pass in; to admit.
Glass in the window intromits light, without cold.
--Holder.
Intromit \In`tro*mit"\, v. i. (Scots Law)
To intermeddle with the effects or goods of another.
Intromittent \In`tro*mit"tent\, a. [L. intromittens, p. pr.]
1. Throwing, or allowing to pass, into or within.
2. (Zo["o]l.) Used in copulation; -- said of the external
reproductive organs of the males of many animals, and
sometimes of those of the females.
Intromitter \In`tro*mit"ter\, n.
One who intromits.
Intropression \In`tro*pres"sion\, n.
Pressure acting within. [R.]
Introreception \In`tro*re*cep"tion\, n.
The act of admitting into or within. --Hammond.
Introrse \In*trorse"\, a. [L. introrsus inward, contr. from
introversus. See {Introvert}.] (Bot.)
Turning or facing inward, or toward the axis of the part to
which it belongs. --Gray.
Introspect \In`tro*spect"\, v. t. [L. introspectus, p. p.
introspicere to look into; intro within + specere to look.
See {Spy}.]
To look into or within; to view the inside of. --Bailey.
Introspection \In`tro*spec"tion\, n. [Cf. F. introspection.]
A view of the inside or interior; a looking inward;
specifically, the act or process of self-examination, or
inspection of one's own thoughts and feelings; the cognition
which the mind has of its own acts and states;
self-consciousness; reflection.
I was forced to make an introspection into my own mind.
--Dryden.
Introspectionist \In`tro*spec"tion*ist\, n. (Metaph.)
One given to the introspective method of examining the
phenomena of the soul.
Introspective \In`tro*spec"tive\, a. [Cf. F. introspectif.]
1. Inspecting within; seeing inwardly; capable of, or
exercising, inspection; self-conscious.
2. Involving the act or results of conscious knowledge of
physical phenomena; -- contrasted with associational. --J.
S. Mill.
Introsume \In`tro*sume"\, v. t. [Pref. intro- + L. sumere to
take.]
To draw in; to swallow. [Obs.] --Evelyn.
Introsusception \In`tro*sus*cep"tion\, n.
1. The act or process of receiving within.
The person is corrupted by the introsusception of a
nature which becomes evil thereby. --Coleridge.
2. (Med.) Same as {Intussusception}.
Introvenient \In`tro*ven"ient\, a. [L. introveniens, p. pr. of
introvenire to come in; intro within + venire to come.]
Coming in together; entering; commingling. [R.] --Sir T.
Browne.
Introversion \In`tro*ver"sion\, n. [See {Introvert}.]
The act of introverting, or the state of being introverted;
the act of turning the mind inward. --Berkeley.
Introvert \In`tro*vert"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Introverted}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Introverting}.] [Pref. intro- + L. vertere,
versum, to turn.]
1. To turn or bend inward. ``Introverted toes.'' --Cowper.
2. To look within; to introspect. --Lew Wallace.
Intrude \In*trude"\, v. i. [L. intrudere, intrusum; pref. in- in
+ trudere to thrust, akin to E. threat. See {Threat}.]
To thrust one's self in; to come or go in without invitation,
permission, or welcome; to encroach; to trespass; as, to
intrude on families at unseasonable hours; to intrude on the
lands of another.
Thy wit wants edge And manners, to intrude where I am
graced. --Shak.
Some thoughts rise and intrude upon us, while we shun
them; others fly from us, when we would hold them. --I.
Watts.
Intrude \In*trude"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intruded}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Intruding}.]
1. To thrust or force (something) in or upon; especially, to
force (one's self) in without leave or welcome; as, to
intrude one's presence into a conference; to intrude one's
opinions upon another.
2. To enter by force; to invade. [Obs.]
Why should the worm intrude the maiden bud? --Shak.
3. (Geol.) The cause to enter or force a way, as into the
crevices of rocks.
Syn: To obtrude; encroach; infringe; intrench; trespass. See
{Obtrude}.
Intruded \In*trud"ed\, p. a. (Geol.)
Same as {Intrusive}.
Intruder \In*trud"er\, n.
One who intrudes; one who thrusts himself in, or enters
without right, or without leave or welcome; a trespasser.
They were all strangers and intruders. --Locke.
Intrudress \In*trud"ress\, n.
A female intruder.
Intrunk \In*trunk"\, v. t.
To inclose as in a trunk; to incase. [R.] --Ford.
Intrusion \In*tru"sion\, n. [Cf. F. intrusion. See {Intrude}.]
1. The act of intruding, or of forcing in; especially, the
forcing (one's self) into a place without right or
welcome; encroachment.
Why this intrusion? Were not my orders that I should
be private? --Addison.
2. (Geol.) The penetrating of one rock, while in a plastic or
metal state, into the cavities of another.
3. (Law) The entry of a stranger, after a particular estate
or freehold is determined, before the person who holds in
remainder or reversion has taken possession.
4. (Scotch Ch.) The settlement of a minister over 3
congregation without their consent.
Intrusional \In*tru"sion*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to intrusion.
Intrusionist \In*tru"sion*ist\, n.
One who intrudes; especially, one who favors the appointment
of a clergyman to a parish, by a patron, against the wishes
of the parishioners.
Intrusive \In*tru"sive\, a.
Apt to intrude; characterized by intrusion; entering without
right or welcome.
{Intrusive rocks} (Geol.), rocks which have been forced,
while in a plastic or melted state, into the cavities or
between the cracks or layers of other rocks. The term is
sometimes used as equivalent to plutonic rocks. It is then
contrasted with effusive or volcanic rocks.
-- {In*tru"sive*ly}, adv. -- {In*tru"sive*ness}, n.
Intrust \In*trust"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Intrusted}, p. pr. &
vb. n. {Intrusting}.]
To deliver (something) to another in trust; to deliver to
(another) something in trust; to commit or surrender
(something) to another with a certain confidence regarding
his care, use, or disposal of it; as, to intrust a servant
with one's money or intrust money or goods to a servant.
Syn: To commit; consign; confide. See {Commit}.
Intubation \In`tu*ba"tion\, n. [Pref. in- in + tube.] (Med.)
The introduction of a tube into an organ to keep it open, as
into the larynx in croup.
Intuition \In`tu*i"tion\, n. [L. intuitus, p. p. of intueri to
look on; in- in, on + tueri: cf. F. intuition. See
{Tuition}.]
1. A looking after; a regard to. [Obs.]
What, no reflection on a reward! He might have an
intuition at it, as the encouragement, though not
the cause, of his pains. --Fuller.
2. Direct apprehension or cognition; immediate knowledge, as
in perception or consciousness; -- distinguished from
``mediate'' knowledge, as in reasoning; as, the mind knows
by intuition that black is not white, that a circle is not
a square, that three are more than two, etc.; quick or
ready insight or apprehension.
Sagacity and a nameless something more, -- let us
call it intuition. --Hawthorne.
3. Any object or truth discerned by direct cognition;
especially, a first or primary truth.
Intuitional \In`tu*i"tion*al\, a.
Pertaining to, or derived from, intuition; characterized by
intuition; perceived by intuition; intuitive.
Intuitionalism \In`tu*i"tion*al*ism\, n. (Metaph.)
The doctrine that the perception or recognition of primary
truth is intuitive, or direct and immediate; -- opposed to
{sensationalism}, and {experientialism}.
Intuitionalist \In`tu*i"tion*al*ist\, n.
One who holds the doctrine of intuitionalism.
Intuitionism \In`tu*i"tion*ism\, n.
Same as {Intuitionalism}.
Intuitionist \In`tu*i"tion*ist\, n.
Same as {Intuitionalist}. --Bain.
Intuitive \In*tu"i*tive\, a. [Cf. F. intuitif.]
1. Seeing clearly; as, an intuitive view; intuitive vision.
2. Knowing, or perceiving, by intuition; capable of knowing
without deduction or reasoning.
Whence the soul Reason receives, and reason is her
being, Discursive, or intuitive. --Milton.
3. Received. reached, obtained, or perceived, by intuition;
as, intuitive judgment or knowledge; -- opposed to
{deductive}. --Locke.
Intuitively \In*tu"i*tive*ly\, adv.
In an intuitive manner.
Intuitivism \In*tu"i*tiv*ism\, n.
The doctrine that the ideas of right and wrong are intuitive.
--J. Grote.
Intumesce \In`tu*mesce"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Intumesced}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Intumescing}.] [L. intumescere; pref. in- in +
tumescere to swell up, incho. fr. tumere to swell. See
{Tumid}.]
To enlarge or expand with heat; to swell; specifically, to
swell up or bubble up under the action of heat, as before the
blowpipe.
In a higher heat, it intumesces, and melts into a
yellowish black mass. --Kirwan.
Intumescence \In`tu*mes"cence\, n. [Cf. F. intumescence.]
1. The act or process of swelling or enlarging; also, the
state of being swollen; expansion; tumidity; especially,
the swelling up of bodies under the action of heat.
The intumescence of nations. --Johnson.
2. Anything swollen or enlarged, as a tumor.
Intumescent \In`tu*mes"cent\, a. [L. intumescens, p. pr.]
Swelling up; expanding.
Intumulated \In*tu"mu*la`ted\, a. [L. intumulatus. See {In-}
not, and {Tumulate}.]
Unburied. [Obs.]
Intune \In*tune"\, v. t.
To intone. Cf. {Entune}.
Inturbidate \In*tur"bid*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Inturbidated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Inturbidating}.] [Pref. in-
in + turbid.]
To render turbid; to darken; to confuse. [R.]
The confusion of ideas and conceptions under the same
term painfully inturbidates his theology. --Coleridge.
Inturgescence \In`tur*ges"cence\, n. [L. inturgescens, p. pr. of
inturgescere to swell up. See 1st {In-}, and {Turgescent}.]
A swelling; the act of swelling, or state of being swelled.
[Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Intuse \In"tuse\, n. [L. intundere to bruise; pref. in- in +
tundere, tusum, to beat, bruise.]
A bruise; a contusion. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Intussuscepted \In`tus*sus*cep"ted\, a. [See {Intussusception}.]
Received into some other thing or part, as a sword into a
sheath; invaginated.
Intussusception \In`tus*sus*cep"tion\, n. [L. intus within +
susception. Cf. {Introsusception}.]
1. The reception of one part within another.
2. (Med.) The abnormal reception or slipping of a part of a
tube, by inversion and descent, within a contiguous part
of it; specifically, the reception or slipping of the
upper part of the small intestine into the lower;
introsusception; invagination. --Dunglison.
3. (Bot.) The interposition of new particles of formative
material among those already existing, as in a cell wall,
or in a starch grain.
4. (Physiol.) The act of taking foreign matter, as food, into
a living body; the process of nutrition, by which dead
matter is absorbed by the living organism, and ultimately
converted into the organized substance of its various
tissues and organs.
Dead bodies increase by apposition; living bodies by
intrussusception. --McKendrick.
Intwine \In*twine"\, v. t. [Cf. {Entwine}.]
To twine or twist into, or together; to wreathe; as, a wreath
of flowers intwined. [Written also {entwine}.]
Intwine \In*twine"\, v. i.
To be or to become intwined.
Intwinement \In*twine"ment\, n.
The act of twinning, or the state of being intwined.
Intwist \In*twist"\, v. t. [Cf. {Entwist}.]
To twist into or together; to interweave. [Written also
{entwist}.]
Inuendo \In`u*en"do\, n.
See {Innuendo}.
Inulin \In"u*lin\, n. [From NL. Inula Helenium, the elecampane:
cf. F. inuline.] (Chem.)
A substance of very wide occurrence. It is found dissolved in
the sap of the roots and rhizomes of many composite and other
plants, as {Inula}, {Helianthus}, {Campanula}, etc., and is
extracted by solution as a tasteless, white, semicrystalline
substance, resembling starch, with which it is isomeric. It
is intermediate in nature between starch and sugar. Called
also {dahlin}, {helenin}, {alantin}, etc.
Inuloid \In"u*loid\, n. [Inulin + -oid.] (Chem.)
A substance resembling inulin, found in the unripe bulbs of
the dahila.
Inumbrate \In*um"brate\, v. t. [L. inumbratus, p. p. of
inumbrare to shade.]
To shade; to darken. [Obs.]
Inuncted \In*unc"ted\, a. [See {Inunction}.]
Anointed. [Obs.] --Cockeram.
Inunction \In*unc"tion\, n. [L. inunctio, fr. inungere,
inunctum, to anoint. See 1st {In-}, and {Unction}.]
The act of anointing, or the state of being anointed;
unction; specifically (Med.), the rubbing of ointments into
the pores of the skin, by which medicinal agents contained in
them, such as mercury, iodide of potash, etc., are absorbed.
Inunctuosity \In*unc`tu*os"i*ty\ (?; 135), n.
The want of unctuosity; freedom from greasiness or oiliness;
as, the inunctuosity of porcelain clay. --Kirwan.
Inundant \In*un"dant\, a. [L. inundans, p. pr. of inundare.]
Overflowing. [R.] --Shenstone.
Inundate \In*un"date\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inundated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inundating}.] [L. inundatus, p. p. of inundare to
inundate; pref. in- in + undare to rise in waves, to
overflow, fr. unda a wave. See {Undulate}.]
1. To cover with a flood; to overflow; to deluge; to flood;
as, the river inundated the town.
2. To fill with an overflowing abundance or superfluity; as,
the country was inundated with bills of credit.
Syn: To overflow; deluge; flood; overwhelm; submerge; drown.
Inundation \In`un*da"tion\, n. [L. inundatio: cf. F.
inondation.]
1. The act of inundating, or the state of being inundated; an
overflow; a flood; a rising and spreading of water over
grounds.
With inundation wide the deluge reigns, Drowns the
deep valleys, and o'erspreads the plains. --Wilkie.
2. An overspreading of any kind; overflowing or superfluous
abundance; a flood; a great influx; as, an inundation of
tourists.
To stop the inundation of her tears. --Shak.
Inunderstanding \In*un`der*stand"ing\, a.
Void of understanding. [Obs.] --Bp. Pearson.
Inurbane \In`ur*bane"\, a. [L. inurbanus. See {In-} not, and
{Urbane}.]
Uncivil; unpolished; rude. --M. Arnold. -- {In`ur*bane"ly},
adv. -- {In`ur*bane"ness}, n.
Inurbanity \In`ur*ban"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. inurbanit['e].]
Want of urbanity or courtesy; unpolished manners or
deportment; inurbaneness; rudeness. --Bp. Hall.
Inure \In*ure"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inured}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Inuring}.] [From pref. in- in + ure use, work. See {Ure}
use, practice, {Opera}, and cf. {Manure}.]
To apply in use; to train; to discipline; to use or accustom
till use gives little or no pain or inconvenience; to harden;
to habituate; to practice habitually. ``To inure our prompt
obedience.'' --Milton.
He . . . did inure them to speak little. --Sir T.
North.
Inured and exercised in learning. --Robynson
(More's
Utopia).
The poor, inured to drudgery and distress. --Cowper.
Inure \In*ure"\, v. i.
To pass into use; to take or have effect; to be applied; to
serve to the use or benefit of; as, a gift of lands inures to
the heirs. [Written also {enure}.]
Inurement \In*ure"ment\, n.
Use; practice; discipline; habit; custom.
Inurn \In*urn"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inurned}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Inurning}.]
To put in an urn, as the ashes of the dead; hence, to bury;
to intomb.
The sepulcher Wherein we saw thee quietly inurned.
--Shak.
Inusitate \In*u"si*tate\, a. [L. inunsitatus unusual. See
{Use}.]
Unusual. [R.] --Bramhall.
Inusitation \In*u"si*ta"tion\, n.
Want of use; disuse. [R.] --Paley.
Inust \In*ust"\, a. [L. inurere, inustum, to burn in; pref. in-
in + urere to burn.]
Burnt in. [Obs.]
Inustion \In*us"tion\, n.
The act of burning or branding. [Obs.] --T. Adams.
Inutile \In*u"tile\, a. [L. inutilis: cf. F. inutile. See {In-}
not, {Utile}.]
Useless; unprofitable. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Inutility \In`u*til"i*ty\, n. [L. inutilitas: cf. F.
inutilit['e].]
Uselessness; the quality of being unprofitable;
unprofitableness; as, the inutility of vain speculations and
visionary projects.
Inutterable \In*ut"ter*a*ble\, a.
Unutterable; inexpressible. --Milton.
In vacuo \In` vac"u*o\ [L.] (Physics)
In a vacuum; in empty space; as, experiments in vacuo.
Invade \In*vade"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Invaded}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Invading}.] [L. invadere, invasum; pref. in- in + vadere
to go, akin to E. wade: cf. OF. invader, F. envahir. See
{Wade}.]
1. To go into or upon; to pass within the confines of; to
enter; -- used of forcible or rude ingress. [Obs.]
Which becomes a body, and doth then invade The state
of life, out of the grisly shade. --Spenser.
2. To enter with hostile intentions; to enter with a view to
conquest or plunder; to make an irruption into; to attack;
as, the Romans invaded Great Britain.
Such an enemy Is risen to invade us. --Milton.
3. To attack; to infringe; to encroach on; to violate; as,
the king invaded the rights of the people.
4. To grow or spread over; to affect injuriously and
progressively; as, gangrene invades healthy tissue.
Syn: To attack; assail; encroach upon. See {Attack}.
Invade \In*vade"\, v. i.
To make an invasion. --Brougham.
Invader \In*vad"er\, n.
One who invades; an assailant; an encroacher; an intruder.
Invaginate \In*vag"i*nate\, v. t.
To insert as in a sheath; to produce intussusception in.
Invaginate \In*vag"i*nate\, Invaginated \In*vag"i*na`ted\, a.
(Biol.)
(a) Sheathed.
(b) Having one portion of a hollow organ drawn back within
another portion.
Invagination \In*vag`i*na"tion\, n. [L. pref. in- + vagina
sheath.]
1. (Biol.) The condition of an invaginated organ or part.
2. (Biol.) One of the methods by which the various germinal
layers of the ovum are differentiated.
Note: In embolic invagination, one half of the blastosphere
is pushed in towards the other half, producing an
embryonic form known as a gastrula. -- In epibolic
invagination, a phenomenon in the development of some
invertebrate ova, the epiblast appears to grow over or
around the hypoblast.
Invalescence \In`va*les"cence\, n. [L. invalescens, p. pr. of
invalescere to become strong. See 1st {In-}, and
{Convalesce}.]
Strength; health. [Obs.]
Invaletudinary \In*val`e*tu"di*na*ry\, a.
Wanting health; valetudinary. [R.]
Invalid \In*val"id\, a. [Pref. in- not + valid: cf. F. invalide,
L. invalidus infirm, weak. Cf. {Invalid} infirm.]
1. Of no force, weight, or cogency; not valid; weak.
2. (Law) Having no force, effect, or efficacy; void; null;
as, an invalid contract or agreement.
Invalid \In"va*lid\ (?; 277), n. [F. invalide, n. & a., L.
invalidus, a. See {Invalid} null.]
A person who is weak and infirm; one who is disabled for
active service; especially, one in chronic ill health.
Invalid \In"va*lid\, a. [See {Invalid}, n.]
Not well; feeble; infirm; sickly; as, he had an invalid
daughter.
Invalid \In"va*lid\, v. t.
1. To make or render invalid or infirm. ``Invalided, bent,
and almost blind.'' --Dickens.
2. To classify or enroll as an invalid.
Peace coming, he was invalided on half pay.
--Carlyle.
Invalidate \In*val"i*date\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Invalidated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Invalidating}.] [From {Invalid} null.]
To render invalid; to weaken or lessen the force of; to
destroy the authority of; to render of no force or effect; to
overthrow; as, to invalidate an agreement or argument.
Invalidation \In*val`i*da"tion\, n.
The act of inavlidating, or the state of being invalidated.
So many invalidations of their right. --Burke.
Invalide \In`va*lide"\, n. [F.]
See {Invalid}, n.
Invalidism \In"va*lid*ism\, n.
The condition of an invalid; sickness; infirmity.
Invalidity \In`va*lid"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. invalidit['e], LL.
invaliditas want of health.]
1. Want of validity or cogency; want of legal force or
efficacy; invalidness; as, the invalidity of an agreement
or of a will.
2. Want of health; infirmity. [Obs.] --Sir W. Temple.
Invalidness \In*val"id*ness\, n.
Invalidity; as, the invalidness of reasoning.
Invalorous \In*val"or*ous\, a.
Not valorous; cowardly.
Invaluable \In*val"u*a*ble\, a.
Valuable beyond estimation; inestimable; priceless; precious.
Invaluably \In*val"u*a*bly\, adv.
Inestimably. --Bp. Hall.
Invalued \In*val"ued\, a.
Inestimable. [R.] --Drayton.
Invariability \In*va`ri*a*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
invariabilit['e].]
The quality of being invariable; invariableness; constancy;
uniformity.
Invariable \In*va"ri*a*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + variable: cf.
F. invariable.]
Not given to variation or change; unalterable; unchangeable;
always uniform.
Physical laws which are invariable. --I. Taylor.
-- {In*va"ri*a*ble*ness}, n. -- {In*va"ri*a*bly}, adv.
Invariable \In*va"ri*a*ble\, n. (Math.)
An invariable quantity; a constant.
Invariance \In*va"ri*ance\, n. (Math.)
The property of remaining invariable under prescribed or
implied conditions. --J. J. Sylvester.
Invariant \In*va"ri*ant\, n. (Math.)
An invariable quantity; specifically, a function of the
coefficients of one or more forms, which remains unaltered,
when these undergo suitable linear transformations. --J. J.
Sylvester.
Invasion \In*va"sion\, n. [L. invasio: cf. F. invasion. See
{Invade}.]
1. The act of invading; the act of encroaching upon the
rights or possessions of another; encroachment; trespass.
2. A warlike or hostile entrance into the possessions or
domains of another; the incursion of an army for conquest
or plunder.
3. The incoming or first attack of anything hurtful or
pernicious; as, the invasion of a disease.
Syn: {Invasion}, {Irruption}, {Inroad}.
Usage: Invasion is the generic term, denoting a forcible
entrance into a foreign country. Incursion signifies a
hasty and sudden invasion. Irruption denotes
particularly violent invasion. Inroad is entry by some
unusual way involving trespass and injury.
Invasive \In*va"sive\, a. [LL. invasivus: cf. F. invasif. See
{Invade}.]
Tending to invade; characterized by invasion; aggressive.
``Invasive war.'' --Hoole.
Invect \In*vect"\, v. i.
To inveigh. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
Invected \In*vec"ted\, a. [L. invectus carried in. See
{Inveigh}.] (Her.)
Having a border or outline composed of semicircles with the
convexity outward; -- the opposite of engrailed.
Invection \In*vec"tion\, n. [L. invectio. See {Inveigh}.]
An inveighing against; invective. [Obs.] --Fulke.
Invective \In*vec"tive\, a. [L. invectivus: cf. F. invectif. See
{Inveigh}.]
Characterized by invection; critical; denunciatory;
satirical; abusive; railing.
Invective \In*vec"tive\, n. [F. invective.]
An expression which inveighs or rails against a person; a
severe or violent censure or reproach; something uttered or
written, intended to cast opprobrium, censure, or reproach on
another; a harsh or reproachful accusation; -- followed by
against, having reference to the person or thing affected; as
an invective against tyranny.
The world will be able to judge of his [Junius']
motives for writing such famous invectives. --Sir W.
Draper.
Syn: Abuse; censure; reproach; satire; sarcasm; railing;
diatribe. See {Abuse}.
Invectively \In*vec"tive*ly\, adv.
In an invective manner. --Shak.
Inveigh \In*veigh"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Inveighed}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inveighing}.] [L. invehere, invectum, to carry or
bring into or against, to attack with words, to inveigh;
pref. in- in + vehere to carry. See {Vehicle}, and cf.
{Invective}.]
To declaim or rail (against some person or thing); to utter
censorious and bitter language; to attack with harsh
criticism or reproach, either spoken or written; to use
invectives; -- with against; as, to inveigh against
character, conduct, manners, customs, morals, a law, an
abuse.
All men inveighed against him; all men, except court
vassals, opposed him. --Milton.
The artificial life against which we inveighed.
--Hawthorne.
Inveigher \In*veigh"er\, n.
One who inveighs.
Inveigle \In*vei"gle\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inveigled}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Inveigling}.] [Prob. fr. F. aveugler to blind, to
delude, OF. aveugler, avugler, avegler, fr. F. aveugle blind,
OF. aveugle, avugle, properly, without eyes, fr. L. ab +
oculus eye. The pref. in- seems to have been substituted for
a- taken as the pref. F. [`a], L. ad. See {Ocular}.]
To lead astray as if blind; to persuade to something evil by
deceptive arts or flattery; to entice; to insnare; to seduce;
to wheedle.
Yet have they many baits and guileful spells To
inveigle and invite the un unwary sense. --Milton.
Inveiglement \In*vei"gle*ment\, n.
The act of inveigling, or the state of being inveigled; that
which inveigles; enticement; seduction. --South.
Inveigler \In*vei"gler\, n.
One who inveigles.
Inveil \In*veil"\, v. t.
To cover, as with a vail. --W. Browne.
Invendibility \In*vend`i*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being invendible; invendibleness;
unsalableness.
Invendible \In*vend"i*ble\, a. [L. invendibilis. See {In-} not,
and {Vendible}.]
Not vendible or salable. --Jefferson. --
{In*vend"i*ble*ness}, n.
Invenom \In*ven"om\, v. t.
See {Envenom}.
Invent \In*vent"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Invented}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inventing}.] [L. inventus, p. p. of invenire to come
upon, to find, invent; pref. in- in + venire to come, akin to
E. come: cf. F. inventer. See {Come}.]
1. To come or light upon; to meet; to find. [Obs.]
And vowed never to return again, Till him alive or
dead she did invent. --Spenser.
2. To discover, as by study or inquiry; to find out; to
devise; to contrive or produce for the first time; --
applied commonly to the discovery of some serviceable
mode, instrument, or machine.
Thus first Necessity invented stools. --Cowper.
3. To frame by the imagination; to fabricate mentally; to
forge; -- in a good or a bad sense; as, to invent the
machinery of a poem; to invent a falsehood.
Whate'er his cruel malice could invent. --Milton.
He had invented some circumstances, and put the
worst possible construction on others. --Sir W.
Scott.
Syn: To discover; contrive; devise; frame; design; fabricate;
concoct; elaborate. See {Discover}.
Inventer \In*vent"er\, n.
One who invents.
Inventful \In*vent"ful\, a.
Full of invention. --J. Gifford.
Inventible \In*vent"i*ble\, a.
Capable of being invented.
Inventibleness \In*vent"i*ble*ness\, n.
Quality of being inventible.
Invention \In*ven"tion\, n. [L. inventio: cf. F. invention. See
{Invent}.]
1. The act of finding out or inventing; contrivance or
construction of that which has not before existed; as, the
invention of logarithms; the invention of the art of
printing.
As the search of it [truth] is the duty, so the invention
will be the happiness of man. --Tatham.
2. That which is invented; an original contrivance or
construction; a device; as, this fable was the invention
of Esop; that falsehood was her own invention.
We entered by the drawbridge, which has an invention
to let one fall if not premonished. --Evelyn.
3. Thought; idea. --Shak.
4. A fabrication to deceive; a fiction; a forgery; a
falsehood.
Filling their hearers With strange invention.
--Shak.
5. The faculty of inventing; imaginative faculty; skill or
ingenuity in contriving anything new; as, a man of
invention.
They lay no less than a want of invention to his
charge; a capital crime, . . . for a poet is a
maker. --Dryden.
6. (Fine Arts, Rhet., etc.) The exercise of the imagination
in selecting and treating a theme, or more commonly in
contriving the arrangement of a piece, or the method of
presenting its parts.
{Invention of the cross} (Eccl.), a festival celebrated May
3d, in honor of the finding of our Savior's cross by St.
Helena.
Inventious \In*ven"tious\, a.
Inventive. [Obs.]
Inventive \In*vent"ive\, a. [Cf. F. inventif.]
Able and apt to invent; quick at contrivance; ready at
expedients; as, an inventive head or genius. --Dryden. --
{In*vent"ive*ly}, adv. -- {In*vent"ive*ness}, n.
Inventor \In*vent"or\, n. [L.: cf. F. inventeur.]
One who invents or finds out something new; a contriver;
especially, one who invents mechanical devices.
Inventorial \In`ven*to"ri*al\, a.
Of or pertaining to an inventory. -- {In`ven*to"ri*al*ly},
adv. --Shak.
Inventory \In"ven*to*ry\, n.; pl. {Inventories}. [L.
inventarium: cf. LL. inventorium, F. inventaire, OF. also
inventoire. See {Invent}.]
An account, catalogue, or schedule, made by an executor or
administrator, of all the goods and chattels, and sometimes
of the real estate, of a deceased person; a list of the
property of which a person or estate is found to be
possessed; hence, an itemized list of goods or valuables,
with their estimated worth; specifically, the annual account
of stock taken in any business.
There take an inventory of all I have. --Shak.
Syn: List; register; schedule; catalogue. See {List}.
Inventory \In"ven*to*ry\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inventoried}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Inventorying}.] [Cf. F. inventorier.]
To make an inventory of; to make a list, catalogue, or
schedule of; to insert or register in an account of goods;
as, a merchant inventories his stock.
I will give out divers schedules of my beauty; it shall
be inventoried, and every particle and utensil labeled.
--Shak.
Inventress \In*vent"ress\, n. [Cf. L. inventrix, F. inventrice.]
A woman who invents. --Dryden.
Inveracity \In`ve*rac"i*ty\, n.
Want of veracity.
Inverisimilitude \In*ver`i*si*mil"i*tude\, n.
Want of verisimilitude or likelihood; improbability.
Inverse \In*verse"\, a. [L. inversus, p. p. of invertere: cf. F.
inverse. See {Invert}.]
1. Opposite in order, relation, or effect; reversed;
inverted; reciprocal; -- opposed to {direct}.
2. (Bot.) Inverted; having a position or mode of attachment
the reverse of that which is usual.
3. (Math.) Opposite in nature and effect; -- said with
reference to any two operations, which, when both are
performed in succession upon any quantity, reproduce that
quantity; as, multiplication is the inverse operation to
division. The symbol of an inverse operation is the symbol
of the direct operation with -1 as an index. Thus sin-1 x
means the arc whose sine is x.
{Inverse figures} (Geom.), two figures, such that each point
of either figure is inverse to a corresponding point in
the order figure.
{Inverse points} (Geom.), two points lying on a line drawn
from the center of a fixed circle or sphere, and so
related that the product of their distances from the
center of the circle or sphere is equal to the square of
the radius.
{Inverse}, or {Reciprocal}, {ratio} (Math.), the ratio of the
reciprocals of two quantities.
{Inverse}, or {Reciprocal, {proportion}, an equality between
a direct ratio and a reciprocal ratio; thus, 4 : 2 : : 1/3
: 1/6, or 4 : 2 : : 3 : 6, inversely.
Inverse \In"verse\, n.
That which is inverse.
Thus the course of human study is the inverse of the
course of things in nature. --Tatham.
Inversely \In*verse"ly\, adv.
In an inverse order or manner; by inversion; -- opposed to
{directly}.
{Inversely proportional}. See {Directly proportional}, under
{Directly}, and {Inversion}, 4.
Inversion \In*ver"sion\, n. [L. inversio: cf. F. inversion. See
{Invert}.]
1. The act of inverting, or turning over or backward, or the
state of being inverted.
2. A change by inverted order; a reversed position or
arrangement of things; transposition.
It is just the inversion of an act of Parliament;
your lordship first signed it, and then it was
passed among the Lords and Commons. --Dryden.
3. (Mil.) A movement in tactics by which the order of
companies in line is inverted, the right being on the
left, the left on the right, and so on.
4. (Math.) A change in the order of the terms of a
proportion, so that the second takes the place of the
first, and the fourth of the third.
5. (Geom.) A peculiar method of transformation, in which a
figure is replaced by its inverse figure. Propositions
that are true for the original figure thus furnish new
propositions that are true in the inverse figure. See
{Inverse figures}, under {Inverse}.
6. (Gram.) A change of the usual order of words or phrases;
as, ``of all vices, impurity is one of the most
detestable,'' instead of, ``impurity is one of the most
detestable of all vices.''
7. (Rhet.) A method of reasoning in which the orator shows
that arguments advanced by his adversary in opposition to
him are really favorable to his cause.
8. (Mus.)
(a) Said of intervals, when the lower tone is placed an
octave higher, so that fifths become fourths, thirds
sixths, etc.
(b) Said of a chord, when one of its notes, other than its
root, is made the bass.
(c) Said of a subject, or phrase, when the intervals of
which it consists are repeated in the contrary
direction, rising instead of falling, or vice versa.
(d) Said of double counterpoint, when an upper and a lower
part change places.
9. (Geol.) The folding back of strata upon themselves, as by
upheaval, in such a manner that the order of succession
appears to be reversed.
10. (Chem.) The act or process by which cane sugar (sucrose),
under the action of heat and acids or ferments (as
diastase), is broken or split up into grape sugar
(dextrose), and fruit sugar (levulose); also, less
properly, the process by which starch is converted into
grape sugar (dextrose).
Note: The terms invert and inversion, in this sense, owe
their meaning to the fact that the plane of
polarization of light, which is rotated to the right by
cane sugar, is turned toward the left by levulose.
Invert \In*vert"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inverted}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inverting}.] [L. invertere, inversum; pref. in- in +
vertere to turn. See {Verse}.]
1. To turn over; to put upside down; to upset; to place in a
contrary order or direction; to reverse; as, to invert a
cup, the order of words, rules of justice, etc.
That doth invert the attest of eyes and ears, As if
these organs had deceptious functions. --Shak.
Such reasoning falls like an inverted cone, Wanting
its proper base to stand upon. --Cowper.
2. (Mus.) To change the position of; -- said of tones which
form a chord, or parts which compose harmony.
3. To divert; to convert to a wrong use. [Obs.] --Knolles.
4. (Chem.) To convert; to reverse; to decompose by, or
subject to, inversion. See {Inversion}, n., 10.
Invert \In*vert"\, v. i. (Chem.)
To undergo inversion, as sugar.
Invert \In"vert\, a. (Chem.)
Subjected to the process of inversion; inverted; converted;
as, invert sugar.
{Invert sugar} (Chem.), a variety of sugar, consisting of a
mixture of dextrose and levulose, found naturally in
fruits, and produced artificially by the inversion of cane
sugar (sucrose); also, less properly, the grape sugar or
dextrose obtained from starch. See {Inversion},
{Dextrose}, {Levulose}, and {Sugar}.
Invert \In"vert\, n. (Masonry)
An inverted arch.
Invertebral \In*ver"te*bral\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Same as {Invertebrate}.
Invertebrata \In*ver`te*bra"ta\, n. pl. [NL., fr. L. in- not +
vertebratus vertebrate.] (Zo["o]l.)
A comprehensive division of the animal kingdom, including all
except the Vertebrata.
Invertebrate \In*ver"te*brate\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Destitute of a backbone; having no vertebr[ae]; of or
pertaining to the Invertebrata. -- n. One of the
Invertebrata.
{Age of invertebrates}. See {Age}, and {Silurian}.
Invertebrated \In*ver"te*bra`ted\, a.
Having no backbone; invertebrate.
Inverted \In*vert"ed\, a.
1. Changed to a contrary or counterchanged order; reversed;
characterized by inversion.
2. (Geol.) Situated apparently in reverse order, as strata
when folded back upon themselves by upheaval.
{Inverted arch} (Arch.), an arch placed with crown downward;
-- much used in foundations.
Invertedly \In*vert"ed*ly\, adv.
In an inverted order. --Derham.
Invertible \In*vert"i*ble\, a. [From {Invert}.]
1. Capable of being inverted or turned.
2. (Chem.) Capable of being changed or converted; as,
invertible sugar.
Invertible \In*vert"i*ble\, a. [Pref. in- not + L. vertere to
turn + -ible.]
Incapable of being turned or changed.
An indurate and invertible conscience. --Cranmer.
Invertin \In*vert"in\, n. (Physiol. Chem.)
An unorganized ferment which causes cane sugar to take up a
molecule of water and be converted into invert sugar.
Invest \In*vest"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Invested}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Investing}.] [L. investire, investitum; pref. in- in +
vestire to clothe, fr. vestis clothing: cf. F. investir. See
{Vest}.]
1. To put garments on; to clothe; to dress; to array; --
opposed to {divest}. Usually followed by with, sometimes
by in; as, to invest one with a robe.
2. To put on. [Obs.]
Can not find one this girdle to invest. --Spenser.
3. To clothe, as with office or authority; to place in
possession of rank, dignity, or estate; to endow; to
adorn; to grace; to bedeck; as, to invest with honor or
glory; to invest with an estate.
I do invest you jointly with my power. --Shak.
4. To surround, accompany, or attend.
Awe such as must always invest the spectacle of the
guilt. --Hawthorne.
5. To confer; to give. [R.]
It investeth a right of government. --Bacon.
6. (Mil.) To inclose; to surround of hem in with troops, so
as to intercept succors of men and provisions and prevent
escape; to lay siege to; as, to invest a town.
7. To lay out (money or capital) in business with the ?iew of
obtaining an income or profit; as, to invest money in bank
stock.
Invest \In*vest"\, v. i.
To make an investment; as, to invest in stocks; -- usually
followed by in.
Investient \In*vest"ient\, a. [L. investiens, p. pr. of
investire.]
Covering; clothing. [R.] --Woodward.
Investigable \In*ves"ti*ga*ble\, a. [L. investigabilis. See
{Investigate}.]
Capable or susceptible of being investigated; admitting
research. --Hooker.
Investigable \In*ves"ti*ga*ble\, a. [L. investigabilis. See
{In-} not, and {Vestigate}.]
Unsearchable; inscrutable. [Obs.]
So unsearchable the judgment and so investigable the
ways thereof. --Bale.
Investigate \In*ves"ti*gate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Investigated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Investigating}.] [L.
investigatus, p. p. of investigare to investigate; pref. in-
in + vestigare to track, trace. See {Vestige}.]
To follow up step by step by patient inquiry or observation;
to trace or track mentally; to search into; to inquire and
examine into with care and accuracy; to find out by careful
inquisition; as, to investigate the causes of natural
phenomena.
Investigate \In*ves"ti*gate\, v. i.
To pursue a course of investigation and study; to make
investigation.
Investigation \In*ves`ti*ga"tion\, n. [L. investigatio: cf. F.
investigation.]
The act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or
following up; research; study; inquiry, esp. patient or
thorough inquiry or examination; as, the investigations of
the philosopher and the mathematician; the investigations of
the judge, the moralist.
Investigative \In*ves"ti*ga*tive\, a.
Given to investigation; inquisitive; curious; searching.
Investigator \In*ves"ti*ga`tor\, n. [L.: cf. F. investigateur.]
One who searches diligently into a subject.
Investiture \In*ves"ti*ture\ (?; 135), n. [LL. investitura: cf.
F. investiture.]
1. The act or ceremony of investing, or the of being
invested, as with an office; a giving possession; also,
the right of so investing.
He had refused to yield up to the pope the
investiture of bishops. --Sir W.
Raleigh.
2. (Feudal Law) Livery of seizin.
The grant of land or a feud was perfected by the
ceremony o? corporal investiture, or open delivery
of possession. --Blackstone.
3. That with which anyone is invested or clothed; investment;
clothing; covering.
While we yet have on Our gross investiture of mortal
weeds. --Trench.
Investive \In*vest"ive\, a.
Investing. [R.] --Mir. for Mag.
Investment \In*vest"ment\, n.
1. The act of investing, or the state of being invested.
2. That with which anyone is invested; a vestment.
Whose white investments figure innocence. --Shak.
3. (Mil.) The act of surrounding, blocking up, or besieging
by an armed force, or the state of being so surrounded.
The capitulation was signed by the commander of the
fort within six days after its investments.
--Marshall.
4. The laying out of money in the purchase of some species of
property; the amount of money invested, or that in which
money is invested.
Before the investment could be made, a change of the
market might render it ineligible. --A. Hamilton.
An investment in ink, paper, and steel pens.
--Hawthorne.
Investor \In*vest"or\, n.
One who invests.
Investure \In*ves"ture\ (?; 135), n.
Investiture; investment. [Obs.] --Bp. Burnet.
Investure \In*ves"ture\, v. t.
To clothe; to invest; to install. [Obs.] ``Monks . . .
investured in their copes.'' --Fuller.
Inveteracy \In*vet"er*a*cy\, n. [From {Inveterate}.]
1. Firm establishment by long continuance; firmness or
deep-rooted obstinacy of any quality or state acquired by
time; as, the inveteracy of custom, habit, or disease; --
usually in a bad sense; as, the inveteracy of prejudice or
of error.
An inveteracy of evil habits that will prompt him to
contract more. --A. Tucker.
2. Malignity; spitefulness; virulency.
The rancor of pamphlets, the inveteracy of epigrams,
an the mortification of lampoons. --Guardian.
Inveterate \In*vet"er*ate\, a. [L. inveteratus, p. p. of
inveterare to render old; pref. in- in + vetus, veteris, old.
See {Veteran}.]
1. Old; long-established. [Obs.]
It is an inveterate and received opinion. --Bacon.
2. Firmly established by long continuance; obstinate;
deep-rooted; of long standing; as, an inveterate disease;
an inveterate abuse.
Heal the inveterate canker of one wound. --Shak.
3. Having habits fixed by long continuance; confirmed;
habitual; as, an inveterate idler or smoker.
4. Malignant; virulent; spiteful. --H. Brooke.
Inveterate \In*vet"er*ate\, v. t.
To fix and settle by long continuance. [Obs.] --Bacon.
Inveterately \In*vet"er*ate*ly\, adv.
In an inveterate manner or degree. ``Inveterately tough.''
--Hawthorne.
Inveterateness \In*vet"er*ate*ness\, n.
Inveteracy. --Sir T. Browne.
Inveteration \In*vet`er*a"tion\, n. [L. inveteratio.]
The act of making inveterate. [R.] --Bailey.
Invict \In*vict"\, a. [L. invictus. See {In-} not, and
{Victor}.]
Invincible. [Obs.] --Joye.
Invidious \In*vid"i*ous\, a. [L. invidiosus, fr. invidia envy.
See {Envy}, and cf. {Envious}.]
1. Envious; malignant. [Obs.] --Evelyn.
2. Worthy of envy; desirable; enviable. [Obs.]
Such a person appeareth in a far more honorable and
invidious state than any prosperous man. --Barrow.
3. Likely to incur or produce ill will, or to provoke envy;
hateful; as, invidious distinctions.
Agamemnon found it an invidious affair to give the
preference to any one of the Grecian heroes.
--Broome.
-- {In*vid"i*ous*ly}, adv. -- {In*vid"i*ous*ness}, n.
Invigilance \In*vig"i*lance\, Invigilancy \In*vig"i*lan*cy\, n.
[in- not + vigilance: cf. OF. invigilance.]
Want of vigilance; neglect of watching; carelessness.
Invigor \In*vig"or\, v. t.
To invigorate. [Obs.]
Invigorate \In*vig"or*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Invigorated};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Invigorating}.] [Pref. in- in + vigor.]
To give vigor to; to strengthen; to animate; to give life and
energy to.
Christian graces and virtues they can not be, unless
fed, invigorated, and animated by universal charity.
--Atterbury.
Syn: To refresh; animate; exhilarate; stimulate.
Invigoration \In*vig`or*a"tion\, n.
The act of invigorating, or the state of being invigorated.
Invile \In*vile"\, v. t.
To render vile. [Obs.] --Daniel.
Invillaged \In*vil"laged\ (?; 48), p. a.
Turned into, or reduced to, a village. [Obs.] --W. Browne.
Invincibility \In*vin`ci*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
invincibilit['e].]
The quality or state of being invincible; invincibleness.
Invincible \In*vin"ci*ble\, a. [L. invincibilis: cf. F.
invincible. See {In-} not, and {Vincible}.]
Incapable of being conquered, overcome, or subdued;
unconquerable; insuperable; as, an invincible army, or
obstacle.
Lead forth to battle these my sons Invincible.
--Milton.
-- {In*vin"ci*ble*ness}, n. -- {In*vin"ci*bly}, adv.
Inviolability \In*vi`o*la*bil"i*ty\, n. [L. inviolabilitas: cf.
F. inviolabilit['e].]
The quality or state of being inviolable; inviolableness.
Inviolable \In*vi"o*la*ble\, a. [L. inviolabilis: cf. F.
inviolable. See {Inviolate}, a.]
1. Not violable; not susceptible of hurt, wound, or harm
(used with respect to either physical or moral damage);
not susceptible of being profaned or corrupted; sacred;
holy; as, inviolable honor or chastity; an inviolable
shrine.
He tried a third, a tough, well-chosen spear, The
inviolable body stood sincere. --Dryden.
2. Unviolated; uninjured; undefiled; uncorrupted.
For thou, be sure, shalt give account To him who
sent us, whose charge is to keep This place
inviolable, and these from harm. --Milton.
3. Not capable of being broken or violated; as, an inviolable
covenant, agreement, promise, or vow.
Their almighty Maker first ordained And bound them
with inviolable bands. --Spenser.
And keep our faiths firm and inviolable. --Shak.
Inviolableness \In*vi"o*la*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being inviolable; as, the
inviolableness of divine justice.
Inviolably \In*vi"o*la*bly\, adv.
Without violation.
Inviolacy \In*vi"o*la*cy\, n.
The state or quality of being inviolate; as, the inviolacy of
an oath.
Inviolate \In*vi"o*late\, Inviolated \In*vi"o*la`ted\, a. [L.
inviolatus. See {In-} not, and {Violate}.]
1. Not violated; uninjured; unhurt; unbroken.
His fortune of arms was still inviolate. --Bacon.
2. Not corrupted, defiled, or profaned; chaste; pure.
``Inviolate truth.'' --Denham.
There chaste Alceste lives inviolate. --Spenser.
Inviolately \In*vi"o*late*ly\, adv.
In an inviolate manner.
Inviolaness \In*vi"o*la*ness\, n.
The state of being inviolate.
Invious \In"vi*ous\, a. [L. invius; pref. in- not + via way.]
Untrodden. [R.] --Hudibras. -- {In"vi*ous*ness}, n. [R.]
Invirile \In*vi"rile\, a.
Deficient in manhood; unmanly; effeminate. --Lowell.
Invirility \In`vi*ril"i*ty\, n.
Absence of virility or manhood; effeminacy. --Prynne.
Inviscate \In*vis"cate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inviscated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Inviscating}.] [L. inviscatus, p. p. of
inviscare to birdlime; pref. in- in + viscum, viscus, the
mistletoe, birdlime.]
To daub or catch with glue or birdlime; to entangle with
glutinous matter. [R.] --Sir T. Browne.
Inviscerate \In*vis"cer*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Inviscerated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Inviscerating}.] [L.
invisceratus, p. p. of inviscerare to put into the entrails.
See {Viscera}.]
To breed; to nourish. [R.] --W. Montagu.
Inviscerate \In*vis"cer*ate\, a. [L. invisceratus, p. p.]
Deep-seated; internal. [R.] --W. Montagu.
Invisibility \In*vis`i*bil"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Invisibilities}. [L.
invisibilitas: cf. F. invisibilit['e].]
The state or quality of being invisible; also, that which is
invisible. ``Atoms and invisibilities.'' --Landor.
Invisible \In*vis"i*ble\, a. [F. invisible, L. invisibilis. See
{In-} not, and {Visible}.]
Incapable of being seen; not perceptible by vision; not
visible.
To us invisible, or dimly seen In these thy lowest
works. --Milton.
{Invisible bird} (Zo["o]l.), a small, shy singing bird
({Myadestes sibilons}), of St. Vincent Islands.
{Invisible green}, a very dark shade of green, approaching to
black, and liable to be mistaken for it.
Invisible \In*vis"i*ble\, n.
1. An invisible person or thing; specifically, God, the
Supreme Being.
2. A Rosicrucian; -- so called because avoiding declaration
of his craft. [Obs.]
3. (Eccl. Hist.) One of those (as in the 16th century) who
denied the visibility of the church. --Shipley.
Invisibleness \In*vis"i*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being invisible; invisibility.
Invisibly \In*vis"i*bly\, adv.
In an invisible manner. --Denham.
Invision \In*vi"sion\, n.
Want of vision or of the power of seeing. [Obs.] --Sir T.
Browne.
Invitation \In`vi*ta"tion\, n. [L. invitatio: cf. F. invitation.
See {Invite}.]
1. The act of inviting; solicitation; the requesting of a
person's company; as, an invitation to a party, to a
dinner, or to visit a friend.
2. A document written or printed, or spoken words, ?onveying
the message by which one is invited.
3. Allurement; enticement. [R.]
She gives the leer of invitation. --Shak.
Invitatory \In*vi"ta*to*ry\, a. [L. invitatorius: cf. F.
invitatoire.]
Using or containing invitations.
The ``Venite'' [Psalm xcv.], which is also called the
invitatory psalm. --Hook.
Invitatory \In*vi"ta*to*ry\, n.; pl. {Invitatories}. [LL.
invitatorium: cf. F. invitatoire.]
That which invites; specifically, the invitatory psalm, or a
part of it used in worship.
Invite \In*vite"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Invited}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inviting}.] [L. invitare: cf. F. inviter. See {Vie}.]
1. To ask; to request; to bid; to summon; to ask to do some
act, or go to some place; esp., to ask to an entertainment
or visit; to request the company of; as, to invite to
dinner, or a wedding, or an excursion.
So many guests invite as here are writ. --Shak.
I invite his Grace of Castle Rackrent to reflect on
this. --Carlyle.
2. To allure; to draw to; to tempt to come; to induce by
pleasure or hope; to attract.
To inveigle and invite the unwary sense. --Milton.
Shady groves, that easy sleep invite. --Dryden.
There no delusive hope invites despair. --Cowper.
3. To give occasion for; as, to invite criticism.
Syn: To solicit; bid; call; ask; summon; allure; attract;
entice; persuade.
Invite \In*vite"\, v. i.
To give invitation. --Milton.
Invitement \In*vite"ment\, n.
Invitation. [Obs.] --Chapman.
Inviter \In*vit"er\, n.
One who, or that which, invites.
Invitiate \In*vi"ti*ate\, a.
Not vitiated. --Lowell.
Inviting \In*vit"ing\, a.
Alluring; tempting; as, an inviting amusement or prospect.
Nothing is so easy and inviting as the retort of abuse
and sarcasm. --W. Irving.
-- {In*vit"ing*ly}, adv. -- {In*vit"ing*ness}, n. --Jer.
Taylor.
Invitrifiable \In*vit"ri*fi`a*ble\, a.
Not admitting of being vitrified, or converted into glass.
--Kirwan.
Invocate \In"vo*cate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Invocated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Invocating}.] [L. invocatus, p. p. of invocare. See
{Invoke}.]
To invoke; to call on, or for, in supplication; to implore.
If Dagon be thy god, Go to his temple, invocate his
aid. --Milton.
Invocation \In`vo*ca"tion\, n. [F. invocation, L. invocatio.]
1. The act or form of calling for the assistance or presence
of some superior being; earnest and solemn entreaty; esp.,
prayer offered to a divine being.
Sweet invocation of a child; most pretty and
pathetical! --Shak.
The whole poem is a prayer to Fortune, and the
invocation is divided between the two deities.
--Addison.
2. (Law) A call or summons; especially, a judicial call,
demand, or order; as, the invocation of papers or evidence
into court.
Invocatory \In"vo*ca*to*ry\, a.
Making or containing invocation; invoking.
Invoice \In"voice`\, n. [F. envois things sent, goods forwarded,
pl. of envoi a sending or things sent, fr. envoyer to send;
cf. F. lettre d'envoi letter of advice of goods forwarded.
See {Envoy}.]
1. (Com.) A written account of the particulars of merchandise
shipped or sent to a purchaser, consignee, factor, etc.,
with the value or prices and charges annexed. --Wharton.
2. The lot or set of goods as shipped or received; as, the
merchant receives a large invoice of goods.
Invoice \In"voice`\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Invoiced}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Invoicing}.]
To make a written list or account of, as goods to be sent to
a consignee; to insert in a priced list; to write or enter in
an invoice.
Goods, wares, and merchandise imported from Norway, and
invoiced in the current dollar of Norway. --Madison.
Invoke \In*voke"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Invoked}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Invoking}.] [F. invoquer, L. invocare; pref. in- in, on +
vocare to call, fr. vox voice. See {Voice}, and cf.
{Invocate}.]
To call on for aid or protection; to invite earnestly or
solemnly; to summon; to address in prayer; to solicit or
demand by invocation; to implore; as, to invoke the Supreme
Being, or to invoke His and blessing.
Go, my dread lord, to your great grandsire's tomb, . .
. Invoke his warlike spirit. --Shak.
Involucel \In*vol"u*cel\ (?; 277), n. [Dim. of involucre, or
involucrum: cf. F. involucelle.] (Bot.)
A partial, secondary, or small involucre. See Illust. of
{Involucre}.
Involucellate \In`vo*lu"cel*late\, a. (Bot.)
Furnished with involucels.
Involucellum \In`vo*lu*cel"lum\, n.; pl. {Involucella}. [NL.]
See {Involucel}.
Involucral \In`vo*lu"cral\, a. [Cf. F. involucral.]
Pertaining to, possessing, or like, an involucrum.
Involucrate \In`vo*lu"crate\, Involucrated \In`vo*lu"cra*ted\,
a. (Bot.)
Having an involucre; involucred.
Involucre \In"vo*lu`cre\ (?; 277), n. [L. involucrum a covering,
wrapper, fr. involvere to wrap up, envelop: cf. F. involucre.
See {Involve}.] (Bot.)
(a) A whorl or set of bracts around a flower, umbel, or head.
(b) A continuous marginal covering of sporangia, in certain
ferns, as in the common brake, or the cup-shaped
processes of the filmy ferns.
(c) The peridium or volva of certain fungi. Called also
{involucrum}.
Involucred \In"vo*lu`cred\, a. (Bot.)
Having an involucre, as umbels, heads, etc. --Martyn.
Involucret \In`vo*lu"cret\, n. (Bot.)
An involucel.
Involucrum \In`vo*lu"crum\, n.; pl. L. {Involucra}, E.
{Involucrums}. [L. See {Involucre}.]
1. (Bot.) See {Involucre}.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A sheath which surrounds the base of the lasso
cells in the Siphonophora.
Involuntarily \In*vol"un*ta*ri*ly\, adv. [From {Involuntary}.]
In an involuntary manner; not voluntarily; not intentionally
or willingly.
Involuntariness \In*vol"un*ta*ri*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being involuntary; unwillingness;
automatism.
Involuntary \In*vol"un*ta*ry\, a. [L. involuntarius. See {In-}
not, and {Voluntary}.]
1. Not having will or the power of choice.
2. Not under the influence or control of the will; not
voluntary; as, the involuntary movements of the body;
involuntary muscle fibers.
3. Not proceeding from choice; done unwillingly; reluctant;
compulsory; as, involuntary submission.
Involute \In"vo*lute\, Involuted \In"vo*lu`ted\, a. [L.
involutus, p. p. of involvere. See {Involve}.]
1. (Bot.) Rolled inward from the edges; -- said of leaves in
vernation, or of the petals of flowers in [ae]stivation.
--Gray.
2. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) Turned inward at the margin, as the exterior lip of
the Cyprea.
(b) Rolled inward spirally.
Involute \In"vo*lute\, n. (Geom.)
A curve traced by the end of a string wound upon another
curve, or unwound from it; -- called also {evolvent}. See
{Evolute}.
Involution \In`vo*lu"tion\, n. [L. involutio: cf. F. involution.
See {Involve}.]
1. The act of involving or infolding.
2. The state of being entangled or involved; complication;
entanglement.
All things are mixed, and causes blended, by mutual
involutions. --Glanvill.
3. That in which anything is involved, folded, or wrapped;
envelope. --Sir T. Browne.
4. (Gram.) The insertion of one or more clauses between the
subject and the verb, in a way that involves or
complicates the construction.
5. (Math.) The act or process of raising a quantity to any
power assigned; the multiplication of a quantity into
itself a given number of times; -- the reverse of
evolution.
6. (Geom.) The relation which exists between three or more
sets of points, a.a', b.b', c.c', so related to a point O
on the line, that the product Oa.Oa' = Ob.Ob' = Oc.Oc' is
constant. Sets of lines or surfaces possessing
corresponding properties may be in involution.
7. (Med.) The return of an enlarged part or organ to its
normal size, as of the uterus after pregnancy.
Involve \In*volve"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Involved}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Involving}.] [L. involvere, involutum, to roll about,
wrap up; pref. in- in + volvere to roll: cf. OF. involver.
See {Voluble}, and cf. {Involute}.]
1. To roll or fold up; to wind round; to entwine.
Some of serpent kind . . . involved Their snaky
folds. --Milton.
2. To envelop completely; to surround; to cover; to hide; to
involve in darkness or obscurity.
And leave a sing[`e]d bottom all involved With
stench and smoke. --Milton.
3. To complicate or make intricate, as in grammatical
structure. ``Involved discourses.'' --Locke.
4. To connect with something as a natural or logical
consequence or effect; to include necessarily; to imply.
He knows His end with mine involved. --Milton.
The contrary necessarily involves a contradiction.
--Tillotson.
5. To take in; to gather in; to mingle confusedly; to blend
or merge. [R.]
The gathering number, as it moves along, Involves a
vast involuntary throng. --Pope.
Earth with hell To mingle and involve. --Milton.
6. To envelop, infold, entangle, or embarrass; as, to involve
a person in debt or misery.
7. To engage thoroughly; to occupy, employ, or absorb.
``Involved in a deep study.'' --Sir W. Scott.
8. (Math.) To raise to any assigned power; to multiply, as a
quantity, into itself a given number of times; as, a
quantity involved to the third or fourth power.
Syn: To imply; include; implicate; complicate; entangle;
embarrass; overwhelm.
Usage: To {Involve}, {Imply}. Imply is opposed to express, or
set forth; thus, an implied engagement is one fairly
to be understood from the words used or the
circumstances of the case, though not set forth in
form. Involve goes beyond the mere interpretation of
things into their necessary relations; and hence, if
one thing involves another, it so contains it that the
two must go together by an indissoluble connection.
War, for example, involves wide spread misery and
death; the premises of a syllogism involve the
conclusion.
Involved \In*volved"\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Same as {Involute}.
Involvedness \In*volv"ed*ness\, n.
The state of being involved.
Involvement \In*volve"ment\, n.
The act of involving, or the state of being involved. --Lew
Wallace.
Invulgar \In*vul"gar\, v. t. [Pref. in- in + vulgar.]
To cause to become or appear vulgar. [Obs.] --Daniel.
Invulgar \In*vul"gar\, a. [Pref. in- not + vulgar.]
Not vulgar; refined; elegant. [Obs.] --Drayton.
Invulnerability \In*vul"ner*a*bil`i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
invuln['e]rabilit['e].]
Quality or state of being invulnerable.
Invulnerable \In*vul"ner*a*ble\, a. [L. invulnerabilis: cf. F.
invuln['e]rable. See {In-} not, and {Vulnerable}.]
1. Incapable of being wounded, or of receiving injury.
Neither vainly hope To be invulnerable in those
bright arms. --Milton.
2. Unanswerable; irrefutable; that can not be refuted or
convinced; as, an invulnerable argument.
Invulnerableness \In*vul"ner*a*ble*ness\, n.
Invulnerability.
Invulnerate \In*vul"ner*ate\, a. [L. invulneratus unwounded.]
Invulnerable.
Inwall \In*wall"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Inwalled}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Inwalling}.]
To inclose or fortify as with a wall. --Spenser.
Inwall \In"wall`\, n.
An inner wall; specifically (Metal.), the inner wall, or
lining, of a blast furnace.
Inward \In"ward\, a. [AS. inweard, inneweard, innanweard, fr.
innan, inne, within (fr. in in; see {In}) + the suffix
-weard, E. -ward.]
1. Being or placed within; inner; interior; -- opposed to
{outward}. --Milton.
2. Seated in the mind, heart, spirit, or soul. ``Inward
beauty.'' --Shak.
3. Intimate; domestic; private. [Obs.]
All my inward friends abhorred me. --Job xix. 19.
He had had occasion, by one very inward with him, to
know in part the discourse of his life. --Sir P.
Sidney.
Inward \In"ward\, n.
1. That which is inward or within; especially, in the plural,
the inner parts or organs of the body; the viscera. --Jer.
Taylor.
Then sacrificing, laid the inwards and their fat.
--Milton.
2. The mental faculties; -- usually pl. [Obs.]
3. An intimate or familiar friend or acquaintance. [Obs.] ``I
was an inward of his.'' --Shak.
Inward \In"ward\, Inwards \In"wards\, adv. [AS. inweard. The
ending -s is prop. a genitive ending. See {Inward}, a.,
{-wards}.]
1. Toward the inside; toward the center or interior; as, to
bend a thing inward.
2. Into, or toward, the mind or thoughts; inwardly; as, to
turn the attention inward.
So much the rather, thou Celestial Light, Shine
inward. --Milton.
Inwardly \In"ward*ly\, adv. [AS. inweardlice.]
1. In the inner parts; internally.
Let Benedick, like covered fire, Consume away in
sighs, waste inwardly. --Shak.
2. Toward the center; inward; as, to curve inwardly.
3. In the heart or mind; mentally; privately; secret?y; as,
he inwardly repines.
4. Intimately; thoroughly. [Obs.]
I shall desire to know him more inwardly. --Beau. &
Fl.
Inwardness \In"ward*ness\, n.
1. Internal or true state; essential nature; as, the
inwardness of conduct.
Sense can not arrive to the inwardness Of things.
--Dr. H. More.
2. Intimacy; familiarity. [Obs.] --Shak.
3. Heartiness; earnestness.
What was wanted was more inwardness, more feeling.
--M. Arnold.
Inwards \In"wards\, adv.
See {Inward}.
Inweave \In*weave"\, v. t.
To weave in or together; to intermix or intertwine by
weaving; to interlace.
Down they cast Their crowns, inwove with amaranth and
gold. --Milton.
Inwheel \In*wheel"\, v. t.
To encircle. [R.] --Beau. & Fl.
Inwit \In"wit\, n.
Inward sense; mind; understanding; conscience. [Obs.]
--Wyclif.
Inwith \In*with"\, prep.
Within. [Obs.]
This purse hath she inwith her bosom hid. --Chaucer.
Inwork \In*work"\, v. t. & i. [Pref. in- + work. Cf.
{Inwrought}.]
To work in or within.
Itworn \It"worn`\, p. a.
Worn, wrought, or stamped in. [R.] --Milton.
Inwrap \In*wrap"\, v. t. [Written also enwrap.]
1. To cover by wrapping; to involve; to infold; as, to inwrap
in a cloak, in smoke, etc.
2. To involve, as in difficulty or perplexity; to perplex.
[R.] --Bp. Hall.
Inwreathe \In*wreathe"\, v. t.
To surround or encompass as with a wreath. [Written also
{enwreathe}.]
Resplendent locks, inwreathed with beams. --Milton.
Inwrought \In*wrought"\, p. p. or a. [Pref. in- + wrought. Cf.
{Inwork}.]
Wrought or worked in or among other things; worked into any
fabric so as to from a part of its texture; wrought or
adorned, as with figures.
His mantle hairy, and his bonnet sedge, Inwrought with
figures dim. --Milton.
Io \I"o\, n.; pl. {Ios}. [L.; cf. Gr. "iw`.]
An exclamation of joy or triumph; -- often interjectional.
Iod- \I"od-\ (Chem.)
See {Iodo-}.
Iodal \I"o*dal\, n. [Iod- + alcohol.] (Chem.)
An oily liquid, {Cl3.CHO}, analogous to chloral and bromal.
Iodate \I"o*date\, n. (Chem.)
A salt of iodic acid.
Iodhydrin \I`od*hy"drin\, n. [Iod- + chlorhydrin.] (Chem.)
One of a series of compounds containing iodine, and analogous
to the chlorhydrins.
Iodic \I*od"ic\, a. [Cf. F. iodique. See {Iodine}.] (Chem.)
to, or containing, iodine; specif., denoting those compounds
in which it has a relatively high valence; as, iodic acid.
{Iodic acid}, a monobasic acid, consisting of iodine with
three parts of oxygen and one of hydrogen.
Iodide \I"o*dide\, n. (Chem.)
A binary compound of iodine, or one which may be regarded as
binary; as, potassium iodide.
Iodine \I"o*dine\ (?; 104), n. [Gr. ? violetlike; ? a violet + ?
form: cf. F. iode, iodine. The name was given from the violet
color of its vapor. See {Violet}, {Idyl}.] (Chem.)
A nonmetallic element, of the halogen group, occurring always
in combination, as in the iodides. When isolated it is in the
form of dark gray metallic scales, resembling plumbago, soft
but brittle, and emitting a chlorinelike odor. Symbol I.
Atomic weight 126.5. If heated, iodine volatilizes in
beautiful violet vapors.
Note: Iodine was formerly obtained from the ashes of seaweed
(kelp or varec), but is now also extracted from certain
natural brines. In the free state, iodine, even in very
minute quantities, colors starch blue. Iodine and its
compounds are largely used in medicine (as in
liniments, antisyphilitics, etc.), in photography, in
the preparation of aniline dyes, and as an indicator in
titration.
{Iodine green}, an artificial green dyestuff, consisting of
an iodine derivative of rosaniline; -- called also {night
green}.
{Iodine scarlet}, a pigment of an intense scarlet color,
consisting of mercuric iodide.
{Iodine yellow}, a brilliant yellow pigment, consisting of
plumbic iodide.
Iodism \I"o*dism\, n. (Med.)
A morbid state produced by the use of iodine and its
compounds, and characterized by palpitation, depression, and
general emaciation, with a pustular eruption upon the skin.
Iodize \I"o*dize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Iodized}; p. pr. & vb.
n. {Iodizing}.]
To treat or impregnate with iodine or its compounds; as, to
iodize a plate for photography. --R. Hunt.
Iodizer \I"o*di`zer\, n.
One who, or that which, iodizes.
Iodo- \I"o*do-\, Iod- \I"od-\ (Chem.)
A prefix, or combining from, indicating iodine as an
ingredient; as, iodoform.
Iodoform \I*od"o*form\, n. [Iodo- + formyl. See {Formyl}, and
cf. {Chloroform}.] (Chem.)
A yellow, crystalline, volatile substance, {CI3H}, having an
offensive odor and sweetish taste, and analogous to
chloroform. It is used in medicine as a healing and
antiseptic dressing for wounds and sores.
Iodoquinine \I`o*do*qui"nine\, n. [Iodo- + quinine.] (Chem.)
A iodide of quinine obtained as a brown substance,. It is the
base of herapathite. See {Herapathite}.
Iodous \I"o*dous\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or containing, iodine. See {-ous} (chemical
suffix).
{Iodous acid}, a hypothetical acid, analogous to chlorous
acid.
Ioduret \I*od"u*ret\, n. (Chem.)
Iodide. [Obs.]
Iodyrite \I*od"y*rite\, n. [From {Iodine}.] (Min.)
Silver iodide, a mineral of a yellowish color.
Iolite \I"o*lite\, n. [Gr. ? a violet + -lite.] (Min.)
A silicate of alumina, iron, and magnesia, having a bright
blue color and vitreous luster; cordierite. It is remarkable
for its dichroism, and is also called dichroite.
Io moth \I"o moth`\ (?; 115). (Zo["o]l.)
A large and handsome American moth ({Hyperchiria Io}), having
a large, bright-colored spot on each hind wing, resembling
the spots on the tail of a peacock. The larva is covered with
prickly hairs, which sting like nettles.
-ion \-ion\ (?; 106). [L. -io, acc. -ionem: cf. F. -ion.]
A noun suffix denoting act, process, result of an act or a
process, thing acted upon, state, or condition; as,
revolution, the act or process of revolving; construction,
the act or process of constructing; a thing constructed;
dominion, territory ruled over; subjection, state of being
subject; dejection; abstraction.
Ion \I"on\, n. [Gr. ?, neut, of ?, p. pr. of ? to go.] (Elec.
Chem.)
One of the elements which appear at the respective poles when
a body is subjected to electro-chemical decomposition. Cf.
{Anion}, {Cation}.
Ionian \I*o"ni*an\, a. [L. Ionius. See {Ionic}.]
Of or pertaining to Ionia or the Ionians; Ionic. -- n. A
native or citizen of Ionia.
Ionic \I*on"ic\, a. [L. Ionicus, Gr. ?, fr. ? Ionia.]
1. Of or pertaining to Ionia or the Ionians.
2. (Arch.) Pertaining to the Ionic order of architecture, one
of the three orders invented by the Greeks, and one of the
five recognized by the Italian writers of the sixteenth
century. Its distinguishing feature is a capital with
spiral volutes. See Illust. of {Capital}.
{Ionic dialect} (Gr. Gram.), a dialect of the Greek language,
used in Ionia. The Homeric poems are written in what is
designated old Ionic, as distinguished from new Ionic, or
Attic, the dialect of all cultivated Greeks in the period
of Athenian prosperity and glory.
{Ionic foot}. (Pros.) See {Ionic}, n., 1.
{Ionic}, or {Ionian}, {mode} (Mus.), an ancient mode,
supposed to correspond with the modern major scale of C.
{Ionic sect}, a sect of philosophers founded by Thales of
Miletus, in Ionia. Their distinguishing tenet was, that
water is the original principle of all things.
{Ionic type}, a kind of heavy-faced type (as that of the
following line).
Note: This is Nonpareil Ionic.
Ionic \I*on"ic\, n.
1. (Pros.)
(a) A foot consisting of four syllables: either two long
and two short, -- that is, a spondee and a pyrrhic, in
which case it is called the {greater Ionic}; or two
short and two long, -- that is, a pyrrhic and a
spondee, in which case it is called the {smaller
Ionic}.
(b) A verse or meter composed or consisting of Ionic feet.
2. The Ionic dialect; as, the Homeric Ionic.
3. (Print.) Ionic type.
Ionidium \I`o*nid"i*um\, n. [NL. Cf. {Iodine}.] (Bot.)
A genus of violaceous plants, chiefly found in tropical
America, some species of which are used as substitutes for
ipecacuanha.
Ioqua shell \I"o*qua shell`\ [From the native name.] (Zo["o]l.)
The shell of a large Dentalium ({D. pretiosum}), formerly
used as shell money, and for ornaments, by the Indians of the
west coast of North America.
Iota \I*o"ta\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?. See {Jot}.]
1. The ninth letter of the Greek alphabet ([iota])
corresponding with the English i.
2. A very small quantity or degree; a jot; a particle.
They never depart an iota from the authentic formulas of
tyranny and usurpation. --Burke.
{Iota subscript} (Gr. Gram.), iota written beneath a
preceding vowel, as a,, h,, w,, -- done when iota is
silent.
Iotacism \I*o"ta*cism\ ([-i]*[=o]"t[.a]*s[i^]z'm), n. [Gr.
'iotakismo`s a laying too much stress upon the iota ([iota]):
cf. F. iotacisme. See {Iota}.]
The frequent use of the sound of iota (that of English e in
be), as among the modern Greeks; also, confusion from
sounding [epsilon], [iota], [eta], [upsilon],
[epsilon][iota], etc., like [iota]. --Littr['e].
I O U \I O U\ [i. e., I owe you.]
A paper having on it these letters, with a sum named, and
duly signed; -- in use in England as an acknowledgment of a
debt, and taken as evidence thereof, but not amounting to a
promissory note; a due bill. --Wharton. Story.
Iowas \I"o*was\, n. pl.; sing. {Iowa}. (Ethnol.)
A tribe of Indians which formerly occupied the region now
included in the State of Iowa.
Ipecac \Ip"e*cac\, n.
An abbreviation of {Ipecacuanha}, and in more frequent use.
Ipecacuanha \Ip`e*cac`u*an"ha\, n. [Pg. ipecacuanha (cf. Sp.
ipecacuana); fr. Braz. ipe-kaa-guena, prop., a creeping plant
that causes vomiting.] (Med. & Bot.)
The root of a Brazilian rubiaceous herb ({Cepha["e]lis
Ipecacuanha}), largely employed as an emetic; also, the plant
itself; also, a medicinal extract of the root. Many other
plants are used as a substitutes; among them are the black or
Peruvian ipecac ({Psychotria emetica}), the white ipecac
({Ionidium Ipecacuanha}), the bastard or wild ipecac
({Asclepias Curassavica}), and the undulated ipecac
({Richardsonia scabra}).
Ipocras \Ip"o*cras\, n.
Hippocras. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Ipomoea \Ip`o*m[oe]"a\, n. [NL. ``Named, according to
Linn[ae]us, from Gr. 'i`ps, 'ipo`s, a bindweed [which it is
not], and ? like.'' --Gray.] (Bot.)
A genus of twining plants with showy monopetalous flowers,
including the morning-glory, the sweet potato, and the
cypress vine.
Ipomoeic \Ip`o*m[oe]"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the
oxidation of convolvulin (obtained from jalap, the tubers of
{Ipom[oe]a purga}), and identical in most of its properties
with sebacic acid.
Ir- \Ir-\
A form of the prefix in-. See {In-}.
Iracund \I"ra*cund\, a. [L. iracundus, fr. ira anger.]
Irascible; choleric. ``Iracund people.'' --Carlyle.
Irade \I*ra"de\ ([-e]*r[aum]"d[asl]), n. [Turk.]
A decree of the Sultan.
Iran \I`ran"\ ([=e]`r[aum]n"), n. [Mod. Persian Ir[=a]n. Cf.
{Aryan}.]
The native name of Persia.
Iranian \I*ra"ni*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to Iran. -- n. A native of Iran; also, the
Iranian or Persian language, a division of the Aryan family
of languages.
Iranic \I*ran"ic\, a.
Iranian.
Irascibility \I*ras`ci*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F. irascibilit['e].]
The quality or state of being irascible; irritability of
temper; irascibleness.
Irascible \I*ras"ci*ble\, a. [L. irascibilis, fr. irasci to be
angry, ira anger: cf. F. irascible. See {Ire}.]
Prone to anger; easily provoked or inflamed to anger;
choleric; irritable; as, an irascible man; an irascible
temper or mood. -- {I*ras"ci*ble*ness}, n. -- {I*ras"ci*bly},
adv.
Irate \I*rate"\, a. [L. iratus, fr. irasci to be angry. See
{Ire}.]
Angry; incensed; enraged. [Recent]
The irate colonel . . . stood speechless. --Thackeray.
Mr. Jaggers suddenly became most irate. --Dickens.
Ire \Ire\, n. [F., fr. L. ira.]
Anger; wrath. [Poet.]
Syn: Anger; passion; rage; fury. See {Anger}.
Ireful \Ire"ful\, a.
Full of ire; angry; wroth. ``The ireful bastard Orleans.''
--Shak. -- {Ire"ful*ly}, adv.
Irefulness \Ire"ful*ness\, n.
Wrathfulness. --Wyclif.
Irenarch \I"re*narch\, n. [L. irenarcha, irenarches, Gr. ?; ?
peace + ? to rule.] (Gr. Antiq.)
An officer in the Greek empire having functions corresponding
to those of a justice of the peace. [Written also
{eirenarch}.]
Irenic \I*ren"ic\, Irenical \I*ren"ic*al\, a. [Gr. ?.]
Fitted or designed to promote peace; pacific; conciliatory;
peaceful. --Bp. Hall.
Irenicon \I*ren"i*con\, n. [NL., from Gr. ? peaceful, fr. ?
peace.]
A proposition or device for securing peace, especially in the
church. --South.
Irenics \I*ren"ics\, n. (Eccl.)
That branch of Christian science which treats of the methods
of securing unity among Christians or harmony and union among
the churches; -- called also {Irenical theology}.
--Schaff-Herzog.
Irestone \Ire"stone`\, n. (Mining)
Any very hard rock.
Irian \I"ri*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to the iris. ``Irian nerves.'' --Dunglison.
Iricism \I"ri*cism\, n.
Irishism. [R.] --Jeffrey.
Iridaceous \Ir`i*da"ceous\, Irideous \I*rid"e*ous\, a. [From NL.
Iris, Iridis, the Iris.] (Bot.)
Pertaining to, or resembling, a large natural order of
endogenous plants ({Iridace[ae]}), which includes the genera
{Iris}, {Ixia}, {Crocus}, {Gladiolus}, and many others.
Iridal \I"ri*dal\ (?; 277), a. [L. iris, iridis, rainbow. See
{Iris}.]
Of or pertaining to the iris or rainbow; prismatic; as, the
iridal colors. --Whewell.
Iridectomy \Ir`i*dec"to*my\, n. [Gr. ?, ?, iris + ? cutting out;
? out + ? to cut.] (Surg.)
The act or process of cutting out a portion of the iris in
order to form an artificial pupil.
Iridescence \Ir`i*des"cence\, n. [See {Iridescent}.]
Exhibition of colors like those of the rainbow; the quality
or state of being iridescent; a prismatic play of color; as,
the iridescence of mother-of-pearl.
Iridescent \Ir`i*des"cent\ (?; 277), a. [L. iris, iridis, the
rainbow: cf. F. iridescent.]
Having colors like the rainbow; exhibiting a play of
changeable colors; nacreous; prismatic; as, iridescent glass.
Iridian \I*rid"i*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to the iris or rainbow.
Iridiated \I*rid"i*a`ted\, a.
Iridescent.
Iridic \I*rid"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to the iris of the eye.
Iridic \I*rid"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Of or pertaining to iridium; -- said specifically of those
compounds in which iridium has a relatively high valence.
Iridioscope \I*rid"i*o*scope\, n. [See {Iris}, and {-scope}.]
A kind of ophthalmoscope.
Iridious \I*rid"i*ous\, a. (Chem.)
Of or pertaining to iridium; -- applied specifically to
compounds in which iridium has a low valence.
Iridium \I*rid"i*um\, n. [NL., fr. L. iris, iridis, the rainbow.
So called from the iridescence of some of its solutions. See
{Iris}.] (Chem.)
A rare metallic element, of the same group as platinum, which
it much resembles, being silver-white, but harder, and
brittle, and indifferent to most corrosive agents. With the
exception of osmium, it is the heaviest substance known, its
specific gravity being 22.4. Symbol Ir. Atomic weight 192.5.
Note: Iridium usually occurs as a native alloy with osmium
(iridosmine or osmiridium), which may occur alone or
with platinum. Iridium, as an alloy with platinum, is
used in bushing the vents of heavy ordnance. It is also
used for the points of gold pens, and in a finely
powdered condition (iridium black), for painting
porcelain black.
Iridize \Ir"i*dize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Iridized}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Iridizing}.]
1. To point or tip with iridium, as a gold pen.
2. To make iridescent; as, to iridize glass.
Iridoline \I*rid"o*line\, n. [Iridescent + L. oleum oil.]
(Chem.)
A nitrogenous base {C10H9N}, extracted from coal-tar naphtha,
as an oily liquid. It is a member of the quinoline series,
and is probably identical with {lepidine}.
Iridosmine \Ir`i*dos"mine\, Iridosmium \Ir`i*dos"mi*um\, n.
[Iridium + osmium.] (Min.)
The native compound of iridium and osmium. It is found in
flattened metallic grains of extreme hardness, and is often
used for pointing gold pens.
Iris \I"ris\, n.; pl. E. {Irises}, L. {Irides}. [L. iris,
iridis, the goddess, Gr. ?, ?, the rainbow, iris of the eye,
the plant Iris. Cf. {Orris}.]
1. (Class. Myth.) The goddess of the rainbow, and
swift-footed messenger of the gods. --Shak.
2. The rainbow. --Sir T. Browne.
3. An appearance resembling the rainbow; a prismatic play of
colors. --Tennyson.
4. (Anat.) The contractile membrane perforated by the pupil,
and forming the colored portion of the eye. See {Eye}.
5. (Bot.) A genus of plants having showy flowers and bulbous
or tuberous roots, of which the flower-de-luce
(fleur-de-lis), orris, and other species of flag are
examples. See Illust. of {Flower-de-luce}.
6. (Her.) See {Fleur-de-lis}, 2.
Irisated \I"ris*a`ted\, a. [See {Iris}.]
Exhibiting the prismatic colors; irised; iridescent. --W.
Phillips.
Iriscope \I"ri*scope\, n. [Iris + -scope.]
A philosophical toy for exhibiting the prismatic tints by
means of thin films.
Irised \I"rised\, a. [See {Iris}.]
Having colors like those of the rainbow; iridescent.
--Holmes.
Irish \I"rish\, a. [AS. ?risc, fr. ?ras the Irish. Cf. {Aryan},
{Erse}.]
Of or pertaining to Ireland or to its inhabitants; produced
in Ireland.
{Irish elk}. (Zo["o]l.) See under {Elk}.
{Irish moss}.
(a) (Bot.) Carrageen.
(b) A preparation of the same made into a blanc mange.
{Irish poplin}. See {Poplin}.
{Irish potato}, the ordinary white potato, so called because
it is a favorite article of food in Ireland.
{Irish reef}, or {Irishman's reef} (Naut.), the head of a
sail tied up.
{Irish stew}, meat, potatoes, and onions, cut in small pieces
and stewed.
Irish \I*rish"\, n. sing. & pl.
1. pl. The natives or inhabitants of Ireland, esp. the Celtic
natives or their descendants.
2. The language of the Irish; the Hiberno-Celtic.
3. An old game resembling backgammon.
Irishism \I*rish"ism\, n.
A mode of speaking peculiar to the Irish; an Hibernicism.
Irishman \I"rish*man\, n.; pl. {Irishmen}.
A man born in Ireland or of the Irish race; an Hibernian.
{Irishman's hurricane} (Naut.), a dead calm.
{Irishman's reef}. (Naut.) See {Irish reef}, under {Irish},
a.
Irishry \I"rish*ry\, n.
The Celtic people of Ireland. ``The whole Irishry of
rebels.'' --Milton.
Iritis \I*ri"tis\, n. [NL. See {Iris}, and {-itis}.] (Med.)
An inflammation of the iris of the eye.
Irk \Irk\, v. t. [OE. irken to tire, become tired; cf. Sw. yrka
to urge, enforce, press, or G. ekel disgust, MHG. erklich
disgusting; perh. akin to L. urgere to urge, E. urge.]
To weary; to give pain; to annoy; -- used only impersonally
at present.
To see this sight, it irks my very soul. --Shak.
It irketh him to be here. --M. Arnold.
Irksome \Irk"some\, a.
1. Wearisome; tedious; disagreeable or troublesome by reason
of long continuance or repetition; as, irksome hours;
irksome tasks.
For not to irksome toil, but to delight, He made us.
--Milton.
2. Weary; vexed; uneasy. [Obs.]
Let us therefore learn not to be irksome when God
layeth his cross upon us. --Latimer.
Syn: Wearisome; tedious; tiresome; vexatious; burdensome.
Usage: {Irksome}, {Wearisome}, {Tedious}. These epithets
describe things which give pain or disgust. Irksome is
applied to something which disgusts by its nature or
quality; as, an irksome task. Wearisome denotes that
which wearies or wears us out by severe labor; as,
wearisome employment. Tedious is applied to something
which tires us out by the length of time occupied in
its performance; as, a tedious speech.
Wearisome nights are appointed to me. --Job vii.
3.
Pity only on fresh objects stays, But with the
tedious sight of woes decays. --Dryden.
-- {Irk"some*ly}, adv. -- {Irk"some*ness}, n.
Iron \I"ron\ ([imac]"[u^]rn), n. [OE. iren, AS. [=i]ren,
[=i]sen, [=i]sern; akin to D. ijzer, OS. [=i]sarn, OHG.
[=i]sarn, [=i]san, G. eisen, Icel. [=i]sarn, j[=a]rn, Sw. &
Dan. jern, and perh. to E. ice; cf. Ir. iarann, W. haiarn,
Armor. houarn.]
1. (Chem.) The most common and most useful metallic element,
being of almost universal occurrence, usually in the form
of an oxide (as hematite, magnetite, etc.), or a hydrous
oxide (as limonite, turgite, etc.). It is reduced on an
enormous scale in three principal forms; viz., cast iron,
steel, and wrought iron. Iron usually appears dark brown,
from oxidation or impurity, but when pure, or on a fresh
surface, is a gray or white metal. It is easily oxidized
(rusted) by moisture, and is attacked by many corrosive
agents. Symbol Fe (Latin Ferrum). Atomic weight 55.9.
Specific gravity, pure iron, 7.86; cast iron, 7.1. In
magnetic properties, it is superior to all other
substances.
Note: The value of iron is largely due to the facility with
which it can be worked. Thus, when heated it is
malleable and ductile, and can be easily welded and
forged at a high temperature. As cast iron, it is
easily fusible; as steel, is very tough, and (when
tempered) very hard and elastic. Chemically, iron is
grouped with cobalt and nickel. Steel is a variety of
iron containing more carbon than wrought iron, but less
that cast iron. It is made either from wrought iron, by
roasting in a packing of carbon (cementation) or from
cast iron, by burning off the impurities in a Bessemer
converter (then called Bessemer steel), or directly
from the iron ore (as in the Siemens rotatory and
generating furnace).
2. An instrument or utensil made of iron; -- chiefly in
composition; as, a flatiron, a smoothing iron, etc.
My young soldier, put up your iron. --Shak.
3. pl. Fetters; chains; handcuffs; manacles.
Four of the sufferers were left to rot in irons.
--Macaulay.
4. Strength; power; firmness; inflexibility; as, to rule with
a rod of iron.
{Bar iron}. See {Wrought iron} (below).
{Bog iron}, bog ore; limonite. See {Bog ore}, under {Bog}.
{Cast iron} (Metal.), an impure variety of iron, containing
from three to six percent of carbon, part of which is
united with a part of the iron, as a carbide, and the rest
is uncombined, as graphite. It there is little free
carbon, the product is white iron; if much of the carbon
has separated as graphite, it is called gray iron. See
also {Cast iron}, in the Vocabulary.
{Fire irons}. See under {Fire}, n.
{Gray irons}. See under {Fire}, n.
{Gray iron}. See {Cast iron} (above).
{It irons} (Naut.), said of a sailing vessel, when, in
tacking, she comes up head to the wind and will not fill
away on either tack.
{Magnetic iron}. See {Magnetite}.
{Malleable iron} (Metal.), iron sufficiently pure or soft to
be capable of extension under the hammer; also, specif., a
kind of iron produced by removing a portion of the carbon
or other impurities from cast iron, rendering it less
brittle, and to some extent malleable.
{Meteoric iron} (Chem.), iron forming a large, and often the
chief, ingredient of meteorites. It invariably contains a
small amount of nickel and cobalt. Cf. {Meteorite}.
{Pig iron}, the form in which cast iron is made at the blast
furnace, being run into molds, called pigs.
{Reduced iron}. See under {Reduced}.
{Specular iron}. See {Hematite}.
{Too many irons in the fire}, too many objects requiring the
attention at once.
{White iron}. See {Cast iron} (above).
{Wrought iron} (Metal.), the purest form of iron commonly
known in the arts, containing only about half of one per
cent of carbon. It is made either directly from the ore,
as in the Catalan forge or bloomery, or by purifying
(puddling) cast iron in a reverberatory furnace or
refinery. It is tough, malleable, and ductile. When formed
into bars, it is called bar iron.
Iron \I"ron\ ([imac]"[u^]rn), a. [AS. [=i]ren, [=i]sen. See
{Iron}, n.]
1. Of, or made of iron; consisting of iron; as, an iron bar,
dust.
2. Resembling iron in color; as, iron blackness.
3. Like iron in hardness, strength, impenetrability, power of
endurance, insensibility, etc.; as:
(a) Rude; hard; harsh; severe.
Iron years of wars and dangers. --Rowe.
Jove crushed the nations with an iron rod.
--Pope.
(b) Firm; robust; enduring; as, an iron constitution.
(c) Inflexible; unrelenting; as, an iron will.
(d) Not to be broken; holding or binding fast; tenacious.
``Him death's iron sleep oppressed.'' --Philips.
Note: Iron is often used in composition, denoting made of
iron, relating to iron, of or with iron; producing
iron, etc.; resembling iron, literally or figuratively,
in some of its properties or characteristics; as,
iron-shod, iron-sheathed, iron-fisted, iron-framed,
iron-handed, iron-hearted, iron foundry or
iron-foundry.
{Iron age}.
(a) (Myth.) The age following the golden, silver, and
bronze ages, and characterized by a general
degeneration of talent and virtue, and of literary
excellence. In Roman literature the Iron Age is
commonly regarded as beginning after the taking of
Rome by the Goths, A. D. 410.
(b) (Arch[ae]ol.) That stage in the development of any
people characterized by the use of iron implements in
the place of the more cumbrous stone and bronze.
{Iron cement}, a cement for joints, composed of cast-iron
borings or filings, sal ammoniac, etc.
{Iron clay} (Min.), a yellowish clay containing a large
proportion of an ore of iron.
{Iron cross}, a Prussian order of military merit; also, the
decoration of the order.
{Iron crown}, a golden crown set with jewels, belonging
originally to the Lombard kings, and indicating the
dominion of Italy. It was so called from containing a
circle said to have been forged from one of the nails in
the cross of Christ.
{Iron flint} (Min.), an opaque, flintlike, ferruginous
variety of quartz.
{Iron founder}, a maker of iron castings.
{Iron foundry}, the place where iron castings are made.
{Iron furnace}, a furnace for reducing iron from the ore, or
for melting iron for castings, etc.; a forge; a
reverberatory; a bloomery.
{Iron glance} (Min.), hematite.
{Iron hat}, a headpiece of iron or steel, shaped like a hat
with a broad brim, and used as armor during the Middle
Ages.
{Iron horse}, a locomotive engine. [Colloq.]
{Iron liquor}, a solution of an iron salt, used as a mordant
by dyers.
{Iron man} (Cotton Manuf.), a name for the self-acting
spinning mule.
{Iron} {mold or mould}, a yellow spot on cloth stained by
rusty iron.
{Iron ore} (Min.), any native compound of iron from which the
metal may be profitably extracted. The principal ores are
magnetite, hematite, siderite, limonite, G["o]thite,
turgite, and the bog and clay iron ores.
{Iron pyrites} (Min.), common pyrites, or pyrite. See
{Pyrites}.
{Iron sand}, an iron ore in grains, usually the magnetic iron
ore, formerly used to sand paper after writing.
{Iron scale}, the thin film which on the surface of wrought
iron in the process of forging. It consists essentially of
the magnetic oxide of iron, {Fe3O4>}.
{Iron works}, a furnace where iron is smelted, or a forge,
rolling mill, or foundry, where it is made into heavy
work, such as shafting, rails, cannon, merchant bar, etc.
Iron \I"ron\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Ironed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Ironing}.]
1. To smooth with an instrument of iron; especially, to
smooth, as cloth, with a heated flatiron; -- sometimes
used with out.
2. To shackle with irons; to fetter or handcuff. ``Ironed
like a malefactor.'' --Sir W. Scott.
3. To furnish or arm with iron; as, to iron a wagon.
Ironbark tree \I"ron*bark` tree`\ (Bot.)
The Australian {Eucalyptus Sideroxylon}, used largely by
carpenters and shipbuilders; -- called also {ironwood}.
Ironbound \I"ron*bound`\, a.
1. Bound as with iron; rugged; as, an ironbound coast.
2. Rigid; unyielding; as, ironbound traditions.
Iron-cased \I"ron-cased`\, a.
Cased or covered with iron, as a vessel; ironclad.
Ironclad \I"ron*clad`\, a.
1. Clad in iron; protected or covered with iron, as a vessel
for naval warfare.
2. Rigorous; severe; exacting; as, an ironclad oath or
pledge. [Colloq.]
Ironclad \I"ron*clad`\, n.
A naval vessel having the parts above water covered and
protected by iron or steel usually in large plates closely
joined and made sufficiently thick and strong to resist heavy
shot.
Ironer \I"ron*er\, n.
One who, or that which, irons.
Iron-fisted \I"ron-fist`ed\, a.
Closefisted; stingy; mean.
Iron-gray \I"ron-gray`\, a.
Of a gray color, somewhat resembling that of iron freshly
broken. -- n. An iron-gray color; also, a horse of this
color.
Ironheads \I"ron*heads`\, n. (Bot.)
A European composite herb ({Centaurea nigra}); -- so called
from the resemblance of its knobbed head to an iron ball
fixed on a long handle. --Dr. Prior.
Iron-hearted \I"ron-heart`ed\, a.
Hard-hearted; unfeeling; cruel; as, an iron-hearted master.
--Cowper.
Ironic \I*ron"ic\, a.
Ironical. --Sir T. Herbert.
Ironical \I*ron"ic*al\, a. [LL. ironicus, Gr. ? dissembling: cf.
F. ironique. See {Irony}.]
1. Pertaining to irony; containing, expressing, or
characterized by, irony; as, an ironical remark.
2. Addicted to the use of irony; given to irony. --
{I*ron"ic*al*ly}, adv. -- {I*ron"ic*al*ness}, n.
Ironing \I"ron*ing\, n.
1. The act or process of smoothing, as clothes, with hot
flatirons.
2. The clothes ironed.
{Ironing board}, a flat board, upon which clothes are laid
being ironed.
Ironish \I"ron*ish\, a.
Resembling iron, as in taste. --Wood.
Ironist \I"ron*ist\, n.
One who uses irony.
Ironmaster \I"ron*mas`ter\, n.
A manufacturer of iron, or large dealer therein. --Bp. Hurd.
Ironmonger \I"ron*mon`ger\, n.
A dealer in iron or hardware.
Ironmongery \I"ron*mon`ger*y\, n.
Hardware; a general name for all articles made of iron.
--Gwilt.
Iron-sick \I"ron-sick`\, a. (Naut.)
Having the ironwork loose or corroded; -- said of a ship when
her bolts and nails are so eaten with rust that she has
become leaky.
Iron-sided \I"ron-sid`ed\, a.
Having iron sides, or very firm sides.
Ironsides \I"ron*sides"\, n. ?
A cuirassier or cuirassiers; also, hardy veteran soldiers; --
applied specifically to Cromwell's cavalry.
Ironsmith \I"ron*smith`\, n.
1. A worker in iron; one who makes and repairs utensils of
iron; a blacksmith.
2. (Zo["o]l.) An East Indian barbet ({Megalaima faber}),
inhabiting the Island of Hainan. The name alludes to its
note, which resembles the sounds made by a smith.
Ironstone \I"ron*stone`\, n.
A hard, earthy ore of iron.
{Clay ironstone}. See under {Clay}.
{Ironstone china}, a hard white pottery, first made in
England during the 18th century.
Ironware \I"ron*ware`\, n.
Articles made of iron, as household utensils, tools, and the
like.
Ironweed \I"ron*weed`\, n. (Bot.)
A tall weed with purplish flowers ({Vernonia
Noveboracensis}). The name is also applied to other plants of
the same genus.
Ironwood \I"ron*wood`\, n. (Bot.)
A tree unusually hard, strong, or heavy wood.
Note: In the United States, the hornbeam and the hop hornbeam
are so called; also the {Olneya Tesota}, a small tree
of Arizona; in the West Indies, the {Erythroxylon
areolatum}, and several other unrelated trees; in
China, the {Metrosideros vera}; in India, the {Mesua
ferrea}, and two species of {Inga}; in Australia, the
{Eucalyptus Sideroxylon}, and in many countries,
species of {Sideroxylon} and {Diospyros}, and many
other trees.
Ironwork \I"ron*work`\, n.
Anything made of iron; -- a general name of such parts or
pieces of a building, vessel, carriage, etc., as consist of
iron.
Iron works \I"ron works`\
See under {Iron}, a.
Ironwort \I"ron*wort`\, n. (Bot.)
An herb of the Mint family ({Sideritis}), supposed to heal
sword cuts; also, a species of {Galeopsis}.
Irony \I"ron*y\, a. [From {Iron}.]
1. Made or consisting of iron; partaking of iron; iron; as,
irony chains; irony particles. [R.]
--Woodward.
2. Resembling iron taste, hardness, or other physical
property.
Irony \I"ron*y\, n.[L. ironia, Gr. ? dissimulation, fr. ? a
dissembler in speech, fr. ? to speak; perh. akin to E. word:
cf. F. ironie.]
1. Dissimulation; ignorance feigned for the purpose of
confounding or provoking an antagonist.
2. A sort of humor, ridicule, or light sarcasm, which adopts
a mode of speech the meaning of which is contrary to the
literal sense of the words.
Iroquois \Ir`o*quois"\, n. sing. & pl. [F.] (Ethnol.)
A powerful and warlike confederacy of Indian tribes, formerly
inhabiting Central New York and constituting most of the Five
Nations. Also, any Indian of the Iroquois tribes.
Irous \I"rous\, a. [OF. iros, from ire. See {Ire}.]
Irascible; passionate. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
Irp \Irp\, Irpe \Irpe\, n. [Etymol. uncertain.]
A fantastic grimace or contortion of the body. [Obs.]
Smirks and irps and all affected humors. --B. Jonson.
Irp \Irp\, a.
Making irps. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Irradiance \Ir*ra"di*ance\, Irradiancy \Ir*ra"di*an*cy\, n.
[From {Irradiant}.]
1. The act of irradiating; emission of rays of light.
2. That which irradiates or is irradiated; luster; splendor;
irradiation; brilliancy. --Milton.
Irradiant \Ir*ra"di*ant\, a. [L. irradians, -antis, p. pr. See
{Irradiate}.]
Irradiating or illuminating; as, the irradiant moon. --Boyse.
Irradiate \Ir*ra"di*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Irradiated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Irradiating}.] [L. irradiatus, p. p. of
irradiate. See {In-} in, and {Radiate}.]
1. To throw rays of light upon; to illuminate; to brighten;
to adorn with luster.
Thy smile irradiates yon blue fields. --Sir W.
Jones.
2. To enlighten intellectually; to illuminate; as, to
irradiate the mind. --Bp. Bull.
3. To animate by heat or light. --Sir M. Hale.
4. To radiate, shed, or diffuse.
A splendid fa?ade, . . . irradiating hospitality.
--H. James.
Irradiate \Ir*ra"di*ate\, v. i.
To emit rays; to shine.
Irradiate \Ir*ra"di*ate\, a. [L. irradiatus, p. p.]
Illuminated; irradiated. --Mason.
Irradiation \Ir*ra`di*a"tion\, n. [Cf. F. irradiation.]
1. Act of irradiating, or state of being irradiated.
2. Illumination; irradiance; brilliancy. --Sir W. Scott.
3. Fig.: Mental light or illumination. --Sir M. Hale.
4. (Opt.) The apparent enlargement of a bright object seen
upon a dark ground, due to the fact that the portions of
the retina around the image are stimulated by the intense
light; as when a dark spot on a white ground appears
smaller, or a white spot on a dark ground larger, than it
really is, esp. when a little out of focus.
Irradicate \Ir*rad"i*cate\, v. t.
To root deeply. [R.]
Irrational \Ir*ra"tion*al\, a. [L. irrationalis: cf. F.
irrationnel. See {In-} not, and {Rational}.]
1. Not rational; void of reason or understanding; as, brutes
are irrational animals.
2. Not according to reason; absurd; foolish.
It seemed utterly irrational any longer to maintain
it. --I. Taylor.
3. (Math.) Not capable of being exactly expressed by an
integral number, or by a vulgar fraction; surd; -- said
especially of roots. See {Surd}.
Syn: Absurd; foolish; preposterous; unreasonable; senseless.
See {Absurd}.
Irrationality \Ir*ra`tion*al"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being irrational. ``Brutish
irrationaliity.'' --South.
Irrationally \Ir*ra"tion*al*ly\, adv.
In an irrational manner. --Boyle.
Irrationalness \Ir*ra"tion*al*ness\, n.
Irrationality.
Irrebuttable \Ir`re*but"ta*ble\, a.
Incapable of being rebutted. --Coleridge.
Irreceptive \Ir`re*cep"tive\, a.
Not receiving; incapable of receiving.
Irreclaimable \Ir`re*claim"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being reclaimed. --Addison. --
{Ir`re*claim"a*bly}, ad?.
Irrecognition \Ir*rec`og*ni"tion\, n. [Pref. in- not +
recognition.]
A failure to recognize; absence of recognition. --Lamb.
Irrecognizable \Ir*rec"og*ni`za*ble\ (?; 277), a.
Not recognizable. --Carlyle.
Irreconcilability \Ir*rec`on*ci`la*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being irreconcilable;
irreconcilableness.
Irreconcilable \Ir*rec"on*ci`la*ble\ (?; 277), a. [Pref. ir- not
+ reconcilable: cf. F. irr['e]conciliable.]
Not reconcilable; implacable; incompatible; inconsistent;
disagreeing; as, irreconcilable enemies, statements. --
{Ir*rec"on*ci`la*ble*ness}, n. -- {Ir*rec"on*ci`la*bly}, adv.
Irreconcile \Ir*rec"on*cile`\, v. t.
To prevent from being reconciled; to alienate or disaffect.
[Obs.]
Irreconcilement \Ir*rec"on*cile`ment\, n.
The state or quality of being unreconciled; disagreement.
Irreconciliation \Ir*rec`on*cil`i*a"tion\, n.
Want of reconciliation; disagreement.
Irrecordable \Ir`re*cord"a*ble\, a. [Pref. ir-- not + record:
cf. L. irrecordabilis not to be remembered.]
Not fit or possible to be recorded.
Irrecoverable \Ir`re*cov"er*a*ble\, a.
Not capable of being recovered, regained, or remedied;
irreparable; as, an irrecoverable loss, debt, or injury.
That which is past is gone and irrecoverable. --Bacon.
Syn: Irreparable; irretrievable; irremediable; unalterable;
incurable; hopeless. -- {Ir`re*cov"er*a*ble*ness}, n. --
{Ir`re*cov"er*a*bly}, adv.
Irrecuperable \Ir`re*cu"per*a*ble\, a. [L. irrecuperabilis: cf.
OF. irrecuperable. See {In-} not, and {Recuperate}.]
Irrecoverable. -- {Ir`re*cu"per*a*bly}, adv.
Irrecured \Ir`re*cured"\, a.
Incurable. [Obs.]
Irrecusable \Ir`re*cu"sa*ble\, a. [L. irrecusabilis; pref. ir--
not + recusabilis that should be rejected, fr. recusare to
reject: cf. F. irr['e]cusable.]
Not liable to exception or rejection. --Sir W. Hamilton.
Irredeemability \Ir`re*deem`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being irredeemable; irredeemableness.
Irredeemable \Ir`re*deem"a*ble\, a.
Not redeemable; that can not be redeemed; not payable in gold
or silver, as a bond; -- used especially of such government
notes, issued as currency, as are not convertible into coin
at the pleasure of the holder. -- {Ir`re*deem"a*ble*ness},
adv.
Irreducibility \Ir`re*du`ci*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being irreducible.
Irreducible \Ir`re*du"ci*ble\, a.
1. Incapable of being reduced, or brought into a different
state; incapable of restoration to its proper or normal
condition; as, an irreducible hernia.
2. (Math.) Incapable of being reduced to a simpler form of
expression; as, an irreducible formula.
{Irreducible case} (Alg.), a particular case in the solution
of a cubic equation, in which the formula commonly
employed contains an imaginary quantity, and therefore
fails in its application. -- {Ir`re*du"ci*ble*ness}, n. --
-- {Ir`re*du"ci*bly}, adv.
Irreflection \Ir`re*flec"tion\, n.
Want of reflection.
Irreflective \Ir`re*flect"ive\, a.
Not reflective. --De Quincey.
Irrefromable \Ir`re*from"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being reformed; incorrigible. --Joseph Cook.
Irrefragability \Ir*ref`ra*ga*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being irrefragable; incapability of
being refuted.
Irrefragable \Ir*ref"ra*ga*ble\, a. [F. irr['e]fragable, L.
irrefragabilis. See {Refragable}.]
Not refragable; not to be gainsaid or denied; not to be
refuted or overthrown; unanswerable; incontestable;
undeniable; as, an irrefragable argument; irrefragable
evidence. -- {Ir*ref"ra*ga*ble*ness}, n. --
{Ir*ref"ra*ga*bly}, adv.
Syn: Incontrovertible; unanswerable; indisputable;
unquestionable; incontestable; indubitable; undeniable;
irrefutable.
Irrefrangibility \Ir`re*fran`gi*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being irrefrangible;
irrefrangibleness.
Irrefrangible \Ir`re*fran"gi*ble\, a.
Not refrangible; that can not be refracted in passing from
one medium to another. -- {Ir`re*fran"gi*ble*ness}, n.
Irrefutable \Ir`re*fut"a*ble\ (?; 277), a. [L. irrefutabilis:
cf. F. irr['e]futable. See {Refute}.]
Incapable of being refuted or disproved; indisputable. --
{Ir`re*fut"a*ble*ness}, n. -- {Ir`re*fut"a*bly}, adv.
Irregeneracy \Ir`re*gen"er*a*cy\, n.
Unregeneracy.
Irregeneration \Ir`re*gen`er*a"tion\, n.
An unregenerate state. [Obs.]
Irregular \Ir*reg"u*lar\, a. [Pref. ir- not + regular: cf. F.
irr['e]gulier.]
Not regular; not conforming to a law, method, or usage
recognized as the general rule; not according to common form;
not conformable to nature, to the rules of moral rectitude,
or to established principles; not normal; unnatural;
immethodical; unsymmetrical; erratic; no straight; not
uniform; as, an irregular line; an irregular figure; an
irregular verse; an irregular physician; an irregular
proceeding; irregular motion; irregular conduct, etc. Cf.
{Regular}.
Mazes intricate, Eccentric, intervolved, yet regular
Then most when most irregular they seem. --Milton.
Leading the men of Herefordshire to fight Against the
irregular and wild Glendower. --Shak.
A flowery meadow through which a clear stream murmured
in many irregular meanders. --Jones.
Syn: Immethodical; unsystematic; abnormal; unnatural;
anomalous; erratic; devious; crooked; eccentric;
unsettled; uneven; variable; changeable; mutable;
desultory; disorderly; wild; immoderate; intemperate;
inordinate; vicious.
Irregular \Ir*reg"u*lar\, n.
One who is not regular; especially, a soldier not in regular
service.
Irregularist \Ir*reg"u*lar*ist\, n.
One who is irregular. --Baxter.
Irregularity \Ir*reg`u*lar"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Irregularities}. [Cf.
F. irr['e]gularit['e].]
The state or quality of being irregular; that which is
irregular.
Irregularly \Ir*reg"u*lar*ly\, adv.
In an irregular manner.
Irregulate \Ir*reg"u*late\, v. t.
To make irregular; to disorder. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
Irregulous \Ir*reg"u*lous\, a.
Lawless. [Obs.] --Shak.
Irrejectable \Ir`re*ject"a*ble\, a.
That can not be rejected; irresistible. --Boyle.
Irrelapsable \Ir`re*laps"a*ble\, a.
Not liable to relapse; secure. --Dr. H. More.
Irrelate \Ir`re*late\, a.
Irrelative; unconnected.
Irrelation \Ir`re*la"tion\, n.
The quality or state of being irrelative; want of connection
or relation.
Irrelative \Ir*rel"a*tive\, a.
Not relative; without mutual relations; unconnected. --
{Ir*rel"a*tive*ly}, adv.
{Irrelative chords} (Mus.), those having no common tone.
{Irrelative repetition} (Biol.), the multiplication of parts
that serve for a common purpose, but have no mutual
dependence or connection. --Owen.
Irrelavance \Ir*rel"a*vance\, n.
Irrelevancy.
Irrelavancy \Ir*rel"a*van*cy\, n.
The quality or state of being irrelevant; as, the irrelevancy
of an argument.
Irrelavant \Ir*rel"a*vant\, a.
Not relevant; not applicable or pertinent; not bearing upon
or serving to support; foreign; extraneous; as, testimony or
arguments irrelevant to a case. -- {Ir*rel"a*vant*ly}, adv.
Irrelievable \Ir`re*liev"a*ble\, a.
Not admitting relief; incurable; hopeless.
Irreligion \Ir`re*li"gion\, n. [L. irreligio: cf. F.
irr['e]ligion. See {In-} not, and {Religion}.]
The state of being irreligious; want of religion; impiety.
Irreligionist \Ir`re*li"gion*ist\, n.
One who is irreligious.
Irreligious \Ir`re*li"gious\, a. [L. irreligiosus: cf. F.
irr['e]ligieux.]
1. Destitute of religion; not controlled by religious motives
or principles; ungodly. Cf. {Impious}.
Shame and reproach are generally the portion of the
impious and irreligious. --South.
2. Indicating a want of religion; profane; wicked; as,
irreligious speech.
Irreligiously \Ir`re*li"gious*ly\, adv.
In an irreligious manner.
Irreligiousness \Ir`re*li"gious*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being irreligious; ungodliness.
Irremeable \Ir*re"me*a*ble\, a. [L. irremeabilis; pref. ir- not
+ remeabilis returning, fr. remeare: cf. F. irr['e]m['e]able.
See {Remeant}.]
Admitting no return; as, an irremeable way. [Obs.] --Dryden.
Irremediable \Ir`re*me"di*a*ble\, a. [L. irremediabilis: cf. F.
irr['e]m['e]diable. See {In-} not, and {Remediable}.]
Not to be remedied, corrected, or redressed; incurable; as,
an irremediable disease or evil.
Irremediableness \Ir`re*me"di*a*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being irremediable.
Irremediably \Ir`re*me"di*a*bly\, adv.
In a manner, or to a degree, that precludes remedy, cure, or
correction.
Irremissible \Ir`re*mis"si*ble\, a. [L. irremissibilis: cf. F.
irr['e]missible. See {In-} not, and {Remissible}.]
Not remissible; unpardonable; as, irremissible crimes.
--Burke. -- {Ir`re*mis"si*ble}, n. -- {Ir`re*mis"si*bly},
adv.
Irremission \Ir`re*mis"sion\, n.
Refusal of pardon.
Irremissive \Ir`re*mis"sive\, a.
Not remitting; unforgiving.
Irremittable \Ir`re*mit"ta*ble\, a.
Not capable of being remitted; irremissible. --Holinshed.
Irremobability \Ir`re*mob`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being irremovable; immovableness.
Irremovable \Ir`re*mov"a*ble\, a.
Not removable; immovable; inflexible. --Shak. --
{Ir`re*mov"a*bly}, adv.
Irremoval \Ir`re*mov"al\, n.
Absence of removal.
Irremunerable \Ir`re*mu"ner*a*ble\, a. [L. irremunerabilis: cf.
F. irr['e]mun['e]rable. See {Remunerate}.]
Not remunerable; not capable of remuneration.
Irrenowned \Ir`re*nowned"\, a.
Not renowned. [Obs.]
Irreparability \Ir*rep`a*ra*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
irr['e]parabilit['e].]
The quality or state of being irreparable; irreparableness.
--Sterne.
Irreparable \Ir*rep"a*ra*ble\, a. [L. irreparabilis: cf. F.
irr['e]parable. See {In-} not, and {Reparable}.]
Not reparable; not capable of being repaired, recovered,
regained, or remedied; irretrievable; irremediable; as, an
irreparable breach; an irreparable loss. --Shak.
Irreparableness \Ir*rep"a*ra*ble*ness\, n.
Quality of being irreparable.
Irreparably \Ir*rep"a*ra*bly\, adv.
In an irreparable manner.
Irrepealability \Ir`re*peal`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being irrepealable.
Irrepealable \Ir`re*peal"a*ble\, a.
Not repealable; not capable of being repealed or revoked, as
a law. -- {Ir`re*peal"a*ble*ness}, n. -- {Ir`re*peal"a*bly},
adv.
Irrepentance \Ir`re*pent"ance\, n.
Want of repentance; impenitence. --Bp. Montagu.
Irrepleviable \Ir`re*plev"i*a*ble\, Irreplevisable
\Ir`re*plev"i*sa*ble\, a. (Law)
Not capable of being replevied.
Irreprehensible \Ir*rep`re*hen"si*ble\, a. [L.
irreprehensibilis: cf. F. irr['e]pr['e]hensible. See
{Reprehensible}.]
Not reprehensible; blameless; innocent. --
{Ir*rep`re*hen"si*ble*ness}, n. -- {Ir*rep`re*hen"si*bly},
adv.
Irrepresentable \Ir*rep`re*sent"a*ble\, a.
Not capable of being represented or portrayed.
Irrepressible \Ir`re*press"i*ble\, a.
Not capable of being repressed, restrained, or controlled;
as, irrepressible joy; an irrepressible conflict. --W. H.
Steward.
Irrepressibly \Ir`re*press"i*bly\, adv.
In a manner or to a degree that can not be repressed.
Irreproachable \Ir`re*proach"a*ble\, a. [Pref. ir- not +
reproachable: cf. F. irr['e]prochable.]
Not reproachable; above reproach; not deserving reproach;
blameless.
He [Berkely] erred, -- and who is free from error? --
but his intentions were irreproachable. --Beattie.
Irreproachableness \Ir`re*proach"a*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being irreproachable; integrity;
innocence.
Irreproachably \Ir`re*proach"a*bly\, adv.
In an irreproachable manner; blamelessly.
Irreprovable \Ir`re*prov"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being justly reproved; irreproachable;
blameless; upright. -- {Ir`re*prov"a*ble*ness}, n. --
{Ir`re*prov"a*bly}, adv.
Irreptitious \Ir`rep*ti"tious\, a. [L. irrepere, irreptum, to
creep in; pref. ir- in + repere to creep.]
Surreptitious; spurious. [Obs.] --Dr. Castell (1673).
Irreputable \Ir*rep"u*ta*ble\, a.
Disreputable. [Obs.]
Irresilient \Ir`re*sil"i*ent\, a.
Not resilient; not recoiling or rebounding; inelastic.
Irresistance \Ir`re*sist"ance\, n.
Nonresistance; passive submission.
Irresistibility \Ir`re*sist`i*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
irr['e]sistibilit['e].]
The quality or state of being irrestible, irresistibleness.
Irresistible \Ir`re*sist"i*ble\, a. [Pref. ir- not + resistible:
cf. F. irr['e]sistible.]
That can not be successfully resisted or opposed; superior to
opposition; resistless; overpowering; as, an irresistible
attraction.
An irresistible law of our nature impels us to seek
happiness. --J. M. Mason.
Irresistibleness \Ir`re*sist"i*ble*ness\, n.
Quality of being irrestible.
Irresistibly \Ir`re*sist"i*bly\, adv.
In an irrestible manner.
Irresistless \Ir`re*sist"less\, a.
Irresistible. [Obs.] --Glanvill.
Irresoluble \Ir*res"o*lu*ble\, a. [L. irresolubilis: cf. F.
irr['e]soluble. See {Resoluble}, and cf. {Irresolvable}.]
1. Incapable of being dissolved or resolved into parts;
insoluble. --Boyle.
2. Incapable of being relieved or assisted. [Obs.]
The second is in the irresoluble condition of our
souls after a known sin committed. --Bp. Hall.
Irresolubleness \Ir*res"o*lu*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being irresoluble; insolubility.
Irresolute \Ir*res"o*lute\, a. [Pref. ir- not + resolute: cf. F.
irr['e]solu, L. irresolutus not loosened.]
Not resolute; not decided or determined; wavering; given to
doubt or irresolution.
Weak and irresolute is man. --Cowper.
Syn: Wavering; vacillating; undetermined; undecided;
unsettled; fickle; changeable; inconstant. --
{Ir*res"o*lute*ly}, adv. -- {Ir*res"o*lute*ness}, n.
Irresolution \Ir*res`o*lu"tion\, n. [Cf. F. irr['e]solution.]
Want of resolution; want of decision in purpose; a
fluctuation of mind, as in doubt, or between hope and fear;
irresoluteness; indecision; vacillation.
Irresolution on the schemes of life which offer
themselves to our choice, and inconstancy in pursuing
them, are the greatest causes of all unhappiness.
--Addison.
Irresolvability \Ir`re*solv`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being irresolvable; irresolvableness.
Irresolvable \Ir`re*solv"a*ble\, a. [Pref. ir- not + resolvable.
Cf. {Irresoluble}.]
Incapable of being resolved; not separable into component
parts.
{Irresolvable nebul[ae]} (Astron.), nebul[ae] of a cloudlike
appearance, which have not yet been resolved by the
telescope into stars.
--Sir W. Herschel.
Irresolvableness \Ir`re*solv"a*ble*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being irresolvable; irresolvability.
Irresolvedly \Ir`re*solv"ed*ly\, adv.
Without settled determination; in a hesitating manner;
doubtfully. [R.]
Irrespective \Ir`re*spec"tive\, a.
1. Without regard for conditions, circumstances, or
consequences; unbiased; independent; impartial; as, an
irrespective judgment.
According to this doctrine, it must be resolved wholly
into the absolute, irrespective will of God. --Rogers.
2. Disrespectful. [Obs.] --Sir C. Cornwallis.
{Irrespective of}, regardless of; without regard to; as,
irrespective of differences.
Irrespectively \Ir`re*spec"tive*ly\, adv.
Without regard to conditions; not making circumstances into
consideration.
Prosperity, considered absolutely and irrespectively,
is better and more desirable than adversity. --South.
Irrespirable \Ir*res"pi*ra*ble\, a. [L. irrespirabilis: cf. F.
irrespirable. See {Respirable}.]
Unfit for respiration; not having the qualities necessary to
support animal life; as, irrespirable air.
Irresponsibility \Ir`re*spon`si*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
irresponsabilit['e].]
Want of, or freedom from, responsibility or accountability.
Irresponsible \Ir`re*spon"si*ble\, a. [Pref. ir- not +
responsible: cf. F. irresponsable.]
1. Nor responsible; not liable or able to answer fro
consequences; innocent.
2. Not to be trusted; unreliable.
Irresponsibly \Ir`re*spon"si*bly\, adv.
So as not to be responsible.
Irresponsive \Ir`re*spon"sive\, a.
Not responsive; not able, ready, or inclined to respond.
Irresuscitable \Ir`re*sus"ci*ta*ble\, a.
Incapable of being resuscitated or revived. --
{Ir`re*sus"ci*ta*bly}, adv.
Irretention \Ir`re*ten"tion\, n.
Want of retaining power; forgetfulness. --De Quincey.
Irretentive \Ir`re*ten"tive\, a.
Not retentive; as, an irretentive memory.
Irretraceable \Ir`re*trace"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being retraced; not retraceable.
Irretractile \Ir`re*tract"ile\, a.
1. Not retractile.
2. Not tractile or ductile. [R.] --Sir W. Hamilton.
Irretrievable \Ir`re*triev"a*ble\, a.
Not retrievable; irrecoverable; irreparable; as, an
irretrievable loss.
Syn: Irremediable; incurable; irrecoverable.
Irretrievableness \Ir`re*triev"a*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being irretrievable.
Irretrievably \Ir`re*triev"a*bly\, adv.
In an irretrievable manner.
Irreturnable \Ir`re*turn"a*ble\, a.
Not to be returned.
Irrevealable \Ir`re*veal"a*ble\, a.
Incapable of being revealed. -- {Ir`re*veal"a*bly}, adv.
Irreverence \Ir*rev"er*ence\, n. [L. irreverentia: cf. F.
irr['e]v['e]rence.]
The state or quality of being irreverent; want of proper
reverence; disregard of the authority and character of a
superior.
Irreverend \Ir*rev"er*end\, a.
Irreverent. [Obs.]
Immodest speech, or irreverend gesture. --Strype.
Irreverent \Ir*rev"er*ent\, a. [L. irreverens, -entis: cf. F.
irr['e]v['e]rent. See {In-} not, and {Reverent}.]
Not reverent; showing a want of reverence; expressive of a
want of veneration; as, an irreverent babbler; an irreverent
jest.
Irreverently \Ir*rev"er*ent*ly\, adv.
In an irreverent manner.
Irreversibility \Ir`re*vers`i*bil"i*ty\, n.
The state or quality of being irreversible; irreversibleness.
Irreversible \Ir`re*vers"i*ble\, a.
1. Incapable of being reversed or turned about or back;
incapable of being made to run backward; as, an
irreversible engine.
2. Incapable of being reversed, recalled, repealed, or
annulled; as, an irreversible sentence or decree.
This rejection of the Jews, as it is not universal,
so neither is it final and irreversible. --Jortin.
Syn: Irrevocable; irrepealable; unchangeable.
Irreversibleness \Ir`re*vers"i*ble*ness\, n.
The state or quality of being irreversible.
Irreversibly \Ir`re*vers"i*bly\, adv.
In an irreversible manner.
Irrevocability \Ir*rev`o*ca*bil"i*ty\, n. [Cf. F.
irr['e]vocabilit['e].]
The state or quality of being irrevocable; irrevocableness.
Irrevocable \Ir*rev"o*ca*ble\, a. [L. irrevocabilis: cf. F.
irr['e]vocable. See {In-} not, and {Revoke}, and cf.
{Irrevocable}.]
Incapable of being recalled or revoked; unchangeable;
irreversible; unalterable; as, an irrevocable promise or
decree; irrevocable fate.
Firm and irrevocable is my doom. --Shak.
-- {Ir*rev"o*ca*ble*ness}, n. -- {Ir*rev"o*ca*bly}, adv.
Irrevokable \Ir`re*vok"a*ble\, a. [Pref. ir- not + revoke.]
Irrevocable. [R.]
Irrevoluble \Ir*rev"o*lu*ble\, a.
That has no finite period of revolution; not revolving. [R.]
The dateless and irrevocable circle of eternity.
--Milton.
Irrhetorical \Ir`rhe*tor"ic*al\, a.
Not rethorical.
Irrigate \Ir"ri*gate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Irrigated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Irrigating}.] [L. irrigatus, p. p. of irrigare to
irrigate: ir- in + rigare to water; prob. akin to E. rain.
See {Rain}.]
1. To water; to wet; to moisten with running or dropping
water; to bedew.
2. (Agric.) To water, as land, by causing a stream to flow
upon, over, or through it, as in artificial channels.
Irrigation \Ir`ri*ga"tion\, n. [L. irrigatio: cf. F.
irrigation.]
The act or process of irrigating, or the state of being
irrigated; especially, the operation of causing water to flow
over lands, for nourishing plants.
Irriguous \Ir*rig"u*ous\, a. [L. irriguus. See {Irrigate}.]
1. Watered; watery; moist; dewy. [Obs.]
The flowery lap Of some irriguous valley spreads her
store. --Milton.
2. Gently penetrating or pervading. [Obs.] --J. Philips.
Irrisible \Ir*ris"i*ble\, a. [Pref. ir- not + risible. See
{Irrision}.]
Not risible. [R.]
Irrision \Ir*ri"sion\, n. [L. irrisio, fr. irridere, irrisum. to
laugh at; pref. ir- in + ridere to laugh: cf. F. irrision.]
The act of laughing at another; derision.
This being spoken sceptic[`e], or by way of irrision.
--Chapman.
Irritability \Ir`ri*ta*bil"i*ty\, n. [L. irritabilitas: cf. F.
irritabilit['e].]
1. The state or quality of being irritable; quick
excitability; petulance; fretfulness; as, irritability of
temper.
2. (Physiol.) A natural susceptibility, characteristic of all
living organisms, tissues, and cells, to the influence of
certain stimuli, response being manifested in a variety of
ways, -- as that quality in plants by which they exhibit
motion under suitable stimulation; esp., the property
which living muscle processes, of responding either to a
direct stimulus of its substance, or to the stimulating
influence of its nerve fibers, the response being
indicated by a change of form, or contraction;
contractility.
3. (Med.) A condition of morbid excitability of an organ or
part of the body; undue susceptibility to the influence of
stimuli. See {Irritation}, n., 3.
Irritable \Ir"ri*ta*ble\, a. [L. irritabilis: cf. F. irritable.
See {Irritate}.]
1. Capable of being irriated.
2. Very susceptible of anger or passion; easily inflamed or
exasperated; as, an irritable temper.
Vicious, old, and irritable. --Tennyson.
3. (Physiol.) Endowed with irritability; susceptible of
irritation; capable of being excited to action by the
application of certain stimuli.
4. (Med.) Susceptible of irritation; unduly sensitive to
irritants or stimuli. See {Irritation}, n., 3.
Syn: Excitable; irascible; touchy; fretful; peevish.
Irritableness \Ir"ri*ta*ble*ness\, n.
Irritability.
Irritably \Ir"ri*ta*bly\, adv.
In an irritable manner.
Irritancy \Ir"ri*tan*cy\, n. [From 1st {Irritant}.] (Scots Law)
The state or quality of being null and void; invalidity;
forfeiture. --Burrill.
Irritancy \Ir"ri*tan*cy\, n. [From 2d {Irritant}.]
The state o quality of being irritant or irritating.
Irritant \Ir"ri*tant\, a. [LL. irritants, -antis, p. pr. of
irritare to make null, fr. L. irritus void; pref. ir- not +
ratus established.] (Scots Law)
Rendering null and void; conditionally invalidating.
The states elected Harry, Duke of Anjou, for their
king, with this clause irritant; that, if he did
violate any part of his oath, the people should owe him
no allegiance. --Hayward.
Irritant \Ir"ri*tant\, a. [L. irritans, -antis, p. pr. of
irritare: cf. F. irritant. See {Irritate} to excite.]
Irritating; producing irritation or inflammation.
Irritant \Ir"ri*tant\, n. [Cf. F. irritant.]
1. That which irritates or excites.
2. (Physiol. & Med.) Any agent by which irritation is
produced; as, a chemical irritant; a mechanical or
electrical irritant.
3. (Toxicology) A poison that produces inflammation.
{Counter irritant}. See under {Counter}.
{Pure irritant} (Toxicology), a poison that produces
inflammation without any corrosive action upon the
tissues.
Irritate \Ir"ri*tate\, v. t. [See 1 st {Irritant}.]
To render null and void. [R.] --Abp. Bramhall.
Irritate \Ir"ri*tate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Irritated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Irritating}.] [L. irritatus, p. p. of irritare. Of
doubtful origin.]
1. To increase the action or violence of; to heighten
excitement in; to intensify; to stimulate.
Cold maketh the spirits vigorous and irritateth
them. --Bacon.
2. To excite anger or displeasure in; to provoke; to tease;
to exasperate; to annoy; to vex; as, the insolence of a
tyrant irritates his subjects.
Dismiss the man, nor irritate the god: Prevent the
rage of him who reigns above. --Pope.
3. (Physiol.) To produce irritation in; to stimulate; to
cause to contract. See {Irritation}, n., 2.
4. (Med.) To make morbidly excitable, or oversensitive; to
fret; as, the skin is irritated by friction; to irritate a
wound by a coarse bandage.
Syn: To fret; inflame; excite; provoke; tease; vex;
exasperate; anger; incense; enrage.
Usage: To {Irritate}, {Provoke}, {Exasperate}. These words
express different stages of excited or angry feeling.
Irritate denotes an excitement of quick and slightly
angry feeling which is only momentary; as, irritated
by a hasty remark. To provoke implies the awakening of
some open expression of decided anger; as, a provoking
insult. Exasperate denotes a provoking of anger at
something unendurable. Whatever comes across our
feelings irritates; whatever excites anger provokes;
whatever raises anger to a high point exasperates.
``Susceptible and nervous people are most easily
irritated; proud people are quickly provoked; hot and
fiery people are soonest exasperated.'' --Crabb.
Irritate \Ir"ri*tate\, a.
Excited; heightened. [Obs.]
Irritation \Ir`ri*ta"tion\, n. [L. irritatio: cf. F.
irritation.]
1. The act of irritating, or exciting, or the state of being
irritated; excitement; stimulation, usually of an undue
and uncomfortable kind; especially, excitement of anger or
passion; provocation; annoyance; anger.
The whole body of the arts and sciences composes one
vast machinery for the irritation and development of
the human intellect. --De Quincey.
2. (Physiol.) The act of exciting, or the condition of being
excited to action, by stimulation; -- as, the condition of
an organ of sense, when its nerve is affected by some
external body; esp., the act of exciting muscle fibers to
contraction, by artificial stimulation; as, the irritation
of a motor nerve by electricity; also, the condition of a
muscle and nerve, under such stimulation.
3. (Med.) A condition of morbid excitability or
oversensitiveness of an organ or part of the body; a state
in which the application of ordinary stimuli produces pain
or excessive or vitiated action.
Irritative \Ir"ri*ta*tive\, a.
1. Serving to excite or irritate; irritating; as, an
irritative agent.
2. Accompanied with, or produced by, increased action or
irritation; as, an irritative fever. --E. Darwin.
Irritatory \Ir"ri*ta*to*ry\, a.
Exciting; producing irritation; irritating. [R.] --Hales.
Irrorate \Ir"ro*rate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Irrorated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Irrorating}.] [L. irroratus, p. p. of irrorare to
bedew; pref. ir- in + ros, roris, dew.]
To sprinkle or moisten with dew; to bedew. [Obs.]
Irrorate \Ir"ro*rate\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Covered with minute grains, appearing like fine sand.
Irroration \Ir`ro*ra"tion\, n. [Cf. F. irroration.]
The act of bedewing; the state of being moistened with dew.
[Obs.] --Chambers.
Irrotational \Ir`ro*ta"tion*al\, a. (Physics)
Not rotatory; passing from one point to another by a movement
other than rotation; -- said of the movement of parts of a
liquid or yielding mass. --Sir W. Thomson.
Irrubrical \Ir*ru"bric*al\, a.
Contrary to the rubric; not rubrical.
Irrugate \Ir"ru*gate\, v. t. [L. irrugatus, p. p. of irrugare to
wrinkle.]
To wrinkle. [Obs.]
Irrupted \Ir*rupt"ed\, a. [L. irruptus, p. p. of irrumpere to
break in; pref. ir- in + rumpere to break or burst. See
{Rupture}.]
Broken with violence.
Irruption \Ir*rup"tion\, n. [L. irruptio: cf. F. irruption. See
{Irrupted}.]
1. A bursting in; a sudden, violent rushing into a place; as,
irruptions of the sea.
Lest evil tidings, with too rude irruption Hitting
thy aged ear, should pierce too deep. --Milton.
2. A sudden and violent inroad, or entrance of invaders; as,
the irruptions of the Goths into Italy. --Addison.
Syn: Invasion; incursion; inroad. See {Invasion}.
Irruptive \Ir*rup"tive\, a.
Rushing in or upon.
Irvingite \Ir"ving*ite\, n. (Eccl.)
The common designation of one a sect founded by the Rev.
Edward Irving (about 1830), who call themselves the Catholic
Apostolic Church. They are highly ritualistic in worship,
have an elaborate hierarchy of apostles, prophets, etc., and
look for the speedy coming of Christ.
Is- \Is-\
See {Iso-}.
Is \Is\, v. i. [AS. is; akin to G. & Goth. ist, L. est, Gr. ?,
Skr. asti. [root]9. Cf. {Am}, {Entity}, {Essence}, {Absent}.]
The third person singular of the substantive verb be, in the
indicative mood, present tense; as, he is; he is a man. See
{Be}.
Note: In some varieties of the Northern dialect of Old
English, is was used for all persons of the singular.
For thy is I come, and eke Alain. --Chaucer.
Aye is thou merry. --Chaucer.
Note: The idiom of using the present for future events sure
to happen is a relic of Old English in which the
present and future had the same form; as, this year
Christmas is on Friday.
To-morrow is the new moon. --1 Sam. xx.
5.
Isabel \Is"a*bel\, n., Isabel color \Is"a*bel col"or\ [F.
isabelle.]
See {Isabella}.
Isabella \Is`a*bel"la\, n., Isabella color \Is`a*bel"la col"or\
[Said to be named from the Spanish princess Isabella,
daughter of king Philip II., in allusion to the color assumed
by her shift, which she wore without change from 1601 to
1604, in consequence of a vow made by her.]
A brownish yellow color.
Isabella grape \Is`a*bel"la grape`\ (Bot.)
A favorite sweet American grape of a purple color. See {Fox
grape}, under Fox.
Isabella moth \Is`a*bel"la moth`\ (?; 115). (Zo["o]l.)
A common American moth ({Pyrrharctia isabella}), of an
isabella color. The larva, called {woolly bear} and {hedgehog
caterpillar}, is densely covered with hairs, which are black
at each end of the body, and red in the middle part.
Isabelline \Is`a*bel"line\, a.
Of an isabel or isabella color.
Isagelous \I*sag"e*lous\ ([imac]*s[a^]g"[e^]*l[u^]s), a. [Is- +
Gr. a`gelos information.]
Containing the same information; as, isagelous sentences.
``The coded message and the original, though appearing
entirely unlike, are completely isagelous.'' --Bacon ``The
complementary strands have isagelous sequences.'' --J. D.
Watson.
Isagel \Is"a*gel\ n.
One of two or more objects containing the same information.
Isagoge \I"sa*goge\, n. [L., fr. Fr. ?, fr. ? to introduce; ?
into + ? to lead.]
An introduction. [Obs.] --Harris.
Isagogic \I"sa*gog"ic\, Isagogical \I"sa*gog"ic*al\, a. [L.
isagogicus, Gr. ?.]
Introductory; especially, introductory to the study of
theology.
Isagogics \I"sa*gog"ics\, n. (Theol.)
That part of theological science directly preliminary to
actual exegesis, or interpretation of the Scriptures.
Isagon \I"sa*gon\, n. [Gr. ? equal + ? angle: cf. F. isagone,
a.] (Math.)
A figure or polygon whose angles are equal.
Isapostolic \Is*ap`os*tol"ic\, a. [Gr. ?.]
Having equal, or almost equal, authority with the apostles of
their teachings.
Isatic \I*sat"ic\, Isatinic \I`sa*tin"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, isatin; as, isatic acid,
which is also called trioxindol.
Isatide \I"sa*tide\, n. (Chem.)
A white crystalline substance obtained by the partial
reduction of isatin. [Written also {isatyde}.]
Isatin \I"sa*tin\, n. [See {Isatis}.] (Chem.)
An orange-red crystalline substance, {C8H5NO2}, obtained by
the oxidation of indigo blue. It is also produced from
certain derivatives of benzoic acid, and is one important
source of artificial indigo. [Written also, less properly,
{isatine}.]
Isatis \I"sa*tis\ (?; 277), n. [L., a kind of plant, Gr. ?
woad.] (Bot.)
A genus of herbs, some species of which, especially the
{Isatis tinctoria}, yield a blue dye similar to indigo; woad.
Isatogen \I*sat"o*gen\, n. [Isatin + -gen.] (Chem.)
A complex nitrogenous radical, {C8H4NO2}, regarded as the
essential residue of a series of compounds, related to
isatin, which easily pass by reduction to indigo blue. --
{I*sat`o*gen"ic}, a.
Isatropic \I`sa*trop"ic\, a. [Is- + atropine.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from
atropine, and isomeric with cinnamic acid.
Ischias \Is"chi*as\, a. (Anat.)
See {Ischial}.
Ischiadic \Is`chi*ad"ic\, a. [L. ischiadicus, Gr. ?, fr. ? the
hip joint, hip or loin. Cf. {Sciatic}.] (Anat.)
Ischial. [R.]
{Ischiadic} {passion or disease} (Med.), a rheumatic or
neuralgic affection of some part about the hip joint; --
called also {sciatica}.
Ischial \Is"chi*al\, a. (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the ischium or hip; ischiac; ischiadic;
ischiatic.
{Ischial callosity} (Zo["o]l.), one of the patches of
thickened hairless, and often bright-colored skin, on the
buttocks of many apes, as the drill.
Ischiatic \Is`chi*at"ic\, a. (Anat.)
Same as {Ishial}.
Ischiocapsular \Is`chi*o*cap"su*lar\ (?; 135) a. [Ischium +
capsular.] (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the ischium and the capsule of the hip
joint; as, the ischiocapsular ligament.
Ischiocerite \Is`chi*o*ce"rite\, n. [Gr. ? the hip + ? a horn.]
(Zo["o]l.)
The third joint or the antenn[ae] of the Crustacea.
Ischion \Is"chi*on\, Ischium \Is"chi*um\, n. [L., Gr. ?.]
1. (Anat.) The ventral and posterior of the three principal
bones composing either half of the pelvis; seat bone; the
huckle bone.
2. (Zo["o]l.) One of the pleur[ae] of insects.
Ischiopodite \Is`chi*op"o*dite\, n. [Gr. ? the hip joint + ?, ?,
foot.] (Zo["o]l.)
The third joint of the typical appendages of Crustacea.
Ischiorectal \Is`chi*o*rec"tal\, a. [Ischium + rectal.] (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the region between the rectum and ishial
tuberosity.
Ischuretic \Is`chu*ret"ic\, a.
Having the quality of relieving ischury. -- n. An ischuretic
medicine.
Ischury \Is"chu*ry\, n. [L. ischuria, Gr. ?; ? to hold, check +
? urine: cf. F. ischurie.] (Med.)
A retention or suppression of urine.
-ise \-ise\
See {-ize}.
Isentropic \I`sen*trop"ic\, a. [Is- + entropy + -ic.] (Physics)
Having equal entropy.
{Isentropic lines}, lines which pass through points having
equal entropy.
Isethionic \I*seth`i*on"ic\, a. [Is- + ethionic.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid,
{HO.C2H4.SO3H}, obtained as an oily or crystalline substance,
by the action of sulphur trioxide on alcohol or ether. It is
derivative of sulphuric acid.
-ish \-ish\ [AS. -isc; akin to G. -isch, OHG. -isc, Goth. & Dan.
-isk, Gr. ?. Cf. {-esque}.]
A suffix used to from adjectives from nouns and from
adjectives. It denotes relation, resemblance, similarity, and
sometimes has a diminutive force; as, selfish, boyish,
brutish; whitish, somewhat white.
-ish \-ish\ [OE. -issen, fr. F. -is, -iss- (found in the present
particle, etc., of certain verbs, as finir to finish, fleurir
to flourish), corresponding to L. -escere, an inchoative
ending.]
A verb ending, originally appearing in certain verbs of
French origin; as, abolish, cherish, finish, furnish,
garnish, impoverish.
Ishmaelite \Ish"ma*el*ite\, n.
1. A descendant of Ishmael (the son of Abraham and Hagar), of
whom it was said, ``His hand will be against every man,
and every man's hand against him.'' --Gen. xvi. 12.
2. One at enmity with society; a wanderer; a vagabond; an
outcast. --Thackeray.
3. See {Ismaelian}.
Ishmaelitish \Ish"ma*el*i`tish\, a.
Of, pertaining to, or resembling, an Ishmaelite or the
Ishmaelites.
Isiac \I"si*ac\, a. [L. Isiacus, Gr. ?, fr. ?.]
Pertaining to the goddess Isis; as, Isiac mysteries.
Isicle \I"si*cle\, n.
A icicle. [Obs.]
Isidorian \Is`i*do"ri*an\, a.
Pertaining, or ascribed, to Isidore; as, the Isidorian
decretals, a spurious collection of decretals published in
the ninth century.
Isinglass \I"sin*glass\, n. [Prob. corrupted fr. D. huizenblas
(akin to G. hausenblase), lit., bladder of the huso, or large
sturgeon; huizen sturgeon + blas bladder. Cf. {Bladder},
{Blast} a gust of wind.]
1. A semitransparent, whitish, and very pure from of gelatin,
chiefly prepared from the sounds or air bladders of
various species of sturgeons (as the {Acipenser huso})
found in the of Western Russia. It used for making
jellies, as a clarifier, etc. Cheaper forms of gelatin are
not unfrequently so called. Called also {fish glue}.
2. (Min.) A popular name for mica, especially when in thin
sheets.
Isis \I"sis\, n. [L., the goddess Isis, fr. Gr. ?.]
1. (Myth.) The principal goddess worshiped by the Egyptians.
She was regarded as the mother of Horus, and the sister
and wife of Osiris. The Egyptians adored her as the
goddess of fecundity, and as the great benefactress of
their country, who instructed their ancestors in the art
of agriculture.
2. (Zo["o]l.) Any coral of the genus Isis, or family
{Isid[ae]}, composed of joints of white, stony coral,
alternating with flexible, horny joints. See
{Gorgoniacea}.
3. (Astron.) One of the asteroids.
Islam \Is"lam\, n. [Ar. isl[=a]m obedience to the will of God,
submission, humbling one's self, resigning one's self to the
divine disposal. Cf. {Moslem}.]
1. The religion of the Mohammedans; Mohammedanism; Islamism.
Their formula of faith is: There is no God but Allah, and
Mohammed is his prophet.
2. The whole body of Mohammedans, or the countries which they
occupy.
Islamism \Is"lam*ism\, n. [Cf. F. islamisme.]
The faith, doctrines, or religious system of the Mohammedans;
Mohammedanism; Islam.
Islamite \Is"lam*ite\, n.
A Mohammedan.
Islamitic \Is`lam*it"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to Islam; Mohammedan.
Islamize \Is"lam*ize\, v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. {Islamized}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Islamizing}.]
To conform, or cause to conform, to the religion of Islam.
Island \Is"land\, n. [OE. iland, yland, AS. [=i]gland, ?gland,
?glond; [=i]g, ?g, island + land, lond, land. AS. [=i]g, ?g,
is akin to AS. e['a] water, river, OHG. ?uwa, G. au meadow,
Icel. ey island, Dan. & Sw. ["o], Goth. ahwa a stream, water,
L. aqua water. The s is due to confusion with isle. Cf.
{Ait}, {Eyot}, {Ewer}, {Aquatic}.]
1. A tract of land surrounded by water, and smaller than a
continent. Cf. {Continent}.
2. Anything regarded as resembling an island; as, an island
of ice.
3. (Zo["o]l.) See {Isle}, n., 2.
{Islands of the blessed} (Myth.), islands supposed to lie in
the Western Ocean, where the favorites of the gods are
conveyed at death, and dwell in everlasting joy.
Island \Is"land\, v. t.
1. To cause to become or to resemble an island; to make an
island or islands of; to isle. --Shelley.
2. To furnish with an island or with islands; as, to island
the deep. --Southey.
Islander \Is"land*er\, n.
An inhabitant of an island.
Islandy \Is"land*y\, a.
Of or pertaining to islands; full of islands. --Cotgrave.
Isle \Isle\, n. [Obs.]
See {Aisle}.
Isle \Isle\, n. [OF. isle, F. [^i]le, L. insula; cf. Lith. sala.
Cf. {Insulate}.]
1. An island. [Poetic]
Imperial rule of all the seagirt isles. --Milton.
2. (Zo["o]l.) A spot within another of a different color, as
upon the wings of some insects.
Isle \Isle\, v. t.
To cause to become an island, or like an island; to surround
or encompass; to island. [Poetic]
Isled in sudden seas of light. --Tennyson.
Islet \Is"let\, n. [OF. islette (cf. F. [^i]lot), dim. of isle.]
A little island.
-ism \-ism\ [F. -isme, or L. -ismus, Gr. ?.]
A suffix indicating an act, a process, the result of an act
or a process, a state; also, a characteristic (as a theory,
doctrine, idiom, etc.); as, baptism, galvanism, organism,
hypnotism, socialism, sensualism, Anglicism.
Ism \Ism\, n. [See {ism}, above.]
A doctrine or theory; especially, a wild or visionary theory.
--E. Everett.
The world grew light-headed, and forth came a spawn of
isms which no man can number. --S. G.
Goodrich.
Ismaelian \Is`ma*e"li*an\, Ismaelite \Is"ma*el*ite\, n. (Eccl.)
One of a sect of Mohammedans who favored the pretensions of
the family of Mohammed ben Ismael, of the house Ali.
Iso- \I"so-\, Is- \Is-\ [Gr. 'i`sos equal.]
A prefix or combining form, indicating identity, or equality;
the same numerical value; as in isopod, isomorphous,
isochromatic. Specif.:
(a) (Chem.) Applied to certain compounds having the same
composition but different properties; as in isocyanic.
(b) (Organic Chem.) Applied to compounds of certain isomeric
series in whose structure one carbon atom, at least, is
connected with three other carbon atoms; -- contrasted
with neo- and normal; as in isoparaffine; isopentane.
Isobar \I"so*bar\, n. [Iso- + Gr. ? weight.] (Phys. Geog.)
A line connecting or marking places upon the surface of the
earth where height of the barometer reduced to sea level is
the same either at a given time, or for a certain period
(mean height), as for a year; an isopiestic line. [Written
also {isobare}.]
Isobaric \I`so*bar"ic\, a. (Phys. Geog.)
Denoting equal pressure; as, an isobaric line; specifically,
of or pertaining to isobars.
Isobar \I"so*bar\, n.
The quality or state of being equal in weight, especially in
atmospheric pressure. Also, the theory, method, or
application of isobaric science.
Isobarometric \I`so*bar`o*met"ric\, a. [Iso + barometric.]
(Phys. Geog.)
Indicating equal barometric pressure.
Isobathytherm \I`so*bath"y*therm\, n. [Iso- + Gr. ? deep + ?
heat.] (Phys. Geog.)
A line connecting the points on the surface of the earth
where a certain temperature is found at the same depth.
Isobathythermic \I`so*bath"y*ther"mic\, a.
Of or pertaining to an isobathytherm; possessing or
indicating the same temperature at the same depth.
Isocephalism \I`so*ceph"a*lism\, n. [From Gr. ? like-headed. See
{Iso-}, and {Cephalon}.] (Art)
A peculiarity in the design of bas-relief by which the heads
of human figures are kept at the same height from the ground,
whether the personages are seated, standing, or mounted on
horseback; -- called also {isokephaleia}.
Isochasm \I"so*chasm\, n. [Iso- + chasm.] (Phys. Geog.)
A line connecting places on the earth's surface at which
there is the same mean frequency of auroras.
Isochasmic \I`so*chas"mic\, a.
Indicating equal auroral display; as, an isochasmic line.
Isocheim \I"so*cheim\, n. [Iso- + Gr. ?, ?, winter.] (Phys.
Geog.)
A line connecting places on the earth having the same mean
winter temperature. Cf. {Isothere}.
Isocheimal \I`so*chei"mal\, Isochimal \I`so*chi"mal\, a.
Pertaining to, having the nature of, or making, isocheims;
as, an isocheimal line; an isocheimal chart.
Isocheimenal \I`so*chei"me*nal\, Isochimenal \I`so*chi"me*nal\
a.
The same as {Isocheimal}.
Isocheimic \I`so*chei"mic\, a.
The same as {Isocheimal}.
Isochimene \I`so*chi"mene\, n.
The same as {Isocheim}.
Isochromatic \I`so*chro*mat"ic\, a. [Iso- + chromatic.] (Opt.)
Having the same color; connecting parts having the same
color, as lines drawn through certain points in experiments
on the chromatic effects of polarized light in crystals.
Isochronal \I*soch"ro*nal\, a. [See {Isochronous}.]
Uniform in time; of equal time; performed in equal times;
recurring at regular intervals; isochronal vibrations or
oscillations.
Isochronic \I`so*chron"ic\, a.
Isochronal.
Isochronism \I*soch"ro*nism\, n.
The state or quality of being isochronous.
Isochronon \I*soch"ro*non\, n. [NL. See {Isochronous}.]
A clock that is designed to keep very accurate time.
Isochronous \I*soch"ro*nous\, a. [Gr. ?; ? equal + ? time.]
Same as {Isochronal}.
Isochroous \I*soch"ro*ous\, a. [Iso- + Gr. ? color.]
Having the same tint or color throughout; uniformly or evenly
colored.
Isoclinal \I`so*cli"nal\, Isoclinic \I`so*clin"ic\, a. [Iso- +
Gr. ? to incline.]
Of or pertaining to, or indicating, equality of inclination
or dip; having equal inclination or dip.
{Isoclinal lines} (Magnetism), lines on the earth's surface
connecting places at which a dipping needle indicates the
same inclination or dip.
Isocrymal \I`so*cry"mal\, a. (Phys. Geog.)
Pertaining to, having the nature of, or illustrating, an
isocryme; as, an isocrymal line; an isocrymal chart.
Isocryme \I"so*cryme\, n. [Iso- + Gr. ? cold.] (Phys. Geog.)
A line connecting points on the earth's surface having the
same mean temperature in the coldest month of the year.
Isocrymic \I`so*crym"ic\, a.
Isocrymal.
Isocyanic \I`so*cy*an"ic\, a. [Iso- + cyanic.] (Chem.)
Designating an acid isomeric with cyanic acid.
{Isocyanic acid}, an acid metameric with cyanic acid, and
resembling it in its salts. It is obtained as a colorless,
mobile, unstable liquid by the heating cyanuric acid.
Called technically {carbimide}.
Isocyanuric \I`so*cy`a*nu"ric\, a. [Iso- + cyanuric.] (Chem.)
Designating, or pertaining to, an acid isomeric with cyanuric
acid, and called also fulminuric acid. See under
{Fulminuric}.
Isodiabatic \I`so*di`a*bat"ic\, a. [Iso- + Gr. ? to pass
through.] (Physics)
Pertaining to the reception or the giving out of equal
quantities of heat by a substance. --Rankine.
{Isodiabatic lines} or {curves}, a pair of lines or curves
exhibiting, on a diagram of energy, the law of variation
of the pressure and density of a fluid, the one during the
lowering, and the other during the raising, of its
temperature, when the quantity of heat given out by the
fluid during any given stage of the one process is equal
to the quantity received during the corresponding stage of
the other. Such lines are said to be isodiabatic with
respect to each other. Compare {Adiabatic}.
Isodiametric \I`so*di`a*met"ric\, a. [Iso- + diametric.]
1. (Crystallog.) Developed alike in the directions of the
several lateral axes; -- said of crystals of both the
tetragonal and hexagonal systems.
2. (Bot.) Having the several diameters nearly equal; -- said
of the cells of ordinary parenchyma.
Isodimorphic \I`so*di*mor"phic\, a. [Iso- + dimorphic.]
Isodimorphous.
Isodimorphism \I`so*di*mor"phism\, n.
Isomorphism between the two forms severally of two dimorphous
substances.
Isodimorphous \I`so*di*mor"phous\, a. [Iso- + dimorphous.]
Having the quality of isodimorphism.
Isodulcite \I`so*dul"cite\, n. [Iso- + dulcite.] (Chem.)
A white, crystalline, sugarlike substance, obtained by the
decomposition of certain glucosides, and intermediate in
nature between the hexacid alcohols (ductile, mannite, etc.)
and the glucoses.
Isodynamic \I`so*dy*nam"ic\, a. [Iso- + dynamic.]
Of, pertaining to, having, or denoting, equality of force.
{Isodynamic foods} (Physiol.), those foods that produce a
similar amount of heat.
{Isodynamic lines} (Magnetism), lines on the earth's surface
connecting places at which the magnetic intensity is the
same.
Isodynamous \I`so*dy"na*mous\, a. [Gr. ?. See {Isodynamic}.]
Of equal force or size.
Isogeotherm \I`so*ge"o*therm\, n. [Iso- + Gr. gh^ the earth +
qe`rmh heat.] (Phys. Geog.)
A line or curved surface passing beneath the earth's surface
through points having the same mean temperature.
Isogeothermal \I`so*ge`o*ther"mal\, Isogeothermic
\I`so*ge`o*ther"mic\, a.
Pertaining to, having the nature of, or marking,
isogeotherms; as, an isogeothermal line or surface; as
isogeothermal chart. -- n. An isogeotherm.
Isogonic \I`so*gon"ic\, a. [Iso- + Gr. ? angle.]
Pertaining to, or noting, equal angles.
{Isogonic lines} (Magnetism), lines traced on the surface of
the globe, or upon a chart, connecting places at which the
deviation of the magnetic needle from the meridian or true
north is the same.
Isogonic \I`so*gon"ic\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Characterized by isogonism.
Isogonism \I*sog"o*nism\, n. [Iso- + Gr. ? offspring, generative
parts.] (Zo["o]l.)
The quality of having similar sexual zooids or gonophores and
dissimilar hydrants; -- said of certain hydroids.
Isographic \I`so*graph"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to isography.
Isography \I*sog"ra*phy\, n. [Iso- + -graphy.]
Imitation of another's handwriting.
Isohyetose \I`so*hy"e*tose`\, a. [Iso- + Gr. "yeto`s rain.]
(Phys. Geog.)
Of or pertaining to lines connecting places on the earth's
surface which have a mean annual rainfall. -- n. An
isohyetose line.
Isolable \I"so*la*ble\, a. [See {Isolate}.] (Chem.)
Capable of being isolated, or of being obtained in a pure
state; as, gold is isolable.
Isolate \I"so*late\ (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Isolated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Isolating}.] [It. isolato, p. p. of isolare to
isolate, fr. isola island, L. insula. See 2d {Isle}, and cf.
{Insulate}.]
1. To place in a detached situation; to place by itself or
alone; to insulate; to separate from others.
Short isolated sentences were the mode in which
ancient wisdom delighted to convey its precepts.
--Bp.
Warburton.
2. (Elec.) To insulate. See {Insulate}.
3. (Chem.) To separate from all foreign substances; to make
pure; to obtain in a free state.
Isolated \I"so*la`ted\, a.
Placed or standing alone; detached; separated from others.
{Isolated point of a curve}. (Geom.) See {Acnode}.
Isolatedly \I"so*la`ted*ly\, adv.
In an isolated manner.
Isolation \I`so*la"tion\, n. [Cf. F. isolation.]
The act of isolating, or the state of being isolated;
insulation; separation; loneliness. --Milman.
Isolator \I"so*la`tor\, n.
One who, or that which, isolates.
Isologous \I*sol"o*gous\, a. [Iso- + Gr. lo`gos proportion.]
(Chem.)
Having similar proportions, similar relations, or similar
differences of composition; -- said specifically of groups or
series which differ by a constant difference; as, ethane,
ethylene, and acetylene, or their analogous compounds, form
an isologous series.
Isomer \I"so*mer\, n. [See {Isomeric}.] (Chem.)
A body or compound which is isomeric with another body or
compound; a member of an isomeric series.
Isomeric \I`so*mer"ic\, a. [Iso- + Gr. me`ros part: cf. F.
isom['e]rique.] (Chem.)
Having the same percentage composition; -- said of two or
more different substances which contain the same ingredients
in the same proportions by weight, often used with with.
Specif.:
(a) Polymeric; i. e., having the same elements united in the
same proportion by weight, but with different molecular
weights; as, acetylene and benzine are isomeric
(polymeric) with each other in this sense. See
{Polymeric}.
(b) Metameric; i. e., having the same elements united in the
same proportions by weight, and with the same molecular
weight, but which a different structure or arrangement of
the ultimate parts; as, ethyl alcohol and methyl ether
are isomeric (metameric) with each other in this sense.
See {Metameric}.
Isomeride \I*som"er*ide\, n. (Chem.)
An isomer. [R.]
Isomerism \I*som"er*ism\, n. (Chem.)
The state, quality, or relation, of two or more isomeric
substances.
{Physical isomerism} (Chem.), the condition or relation of
certain (metameric) substances, which, while chemically
identical (in that they have the same composition, the
same molecular weights, and the same ultimate
constitution), are yet physically different, as in their
action on polarized light, as dextro- and l[ae]vo-tartaric
acids. In such compounds there is usually at least one
unsymmetrical carbon atom. See {Unsymmetrical}.
Isomeromorphism \I`so*mer`o*mor"phism\, n. [Isomer + Gr. ? form
+ -ism.] (Crystallog.)
Isomorphism between substances that are isomeric.
Isometric \I`so*met"ric\, Isometrical \I`so*met"ric*al\, a.
[Iso- + Gr. ? measure.]
1. Pertaining to, or characterized by, equality of measure.
2. (Crystallog.) Noting, or conforming to, that system of
crystallization in which the three axes are of equal
length and at right angles to each other; monometric;
regular; cubic. Cf. {Crystallization}.
{Isometric lines} (Thermodynamics), lines representing in a
diagram the relations of pressure and temperature in a
gas, when the volume remains constant.
{Isometrical perspective}. See under {Perspective}.
{Isometrical projection}, a species of orthographic
projection, in which but a single plane of projection is
used. It is so named from the fact that the projections of
three equal lines, parallel respectively to three
rectangular axes, are equal to one another. This kind of
projection is principally used in delineating buildings or
machinery, in which the principal lines are parallel to
three rectangular axes, and the principal planes are
parallel to three rectangular planes passing through the
three axes.
Isomorph \I"so*morph\, n. [See {Isomorphous}.]
A substance which is similar to another in crystalline form
and composition.
Isomorphic \I`so*mor"phic\, a.
Isomorphous.
Isomorphism \I`so*mor"phism\, n. [Cf. F. isomorphisme.]
(Crystallog.)
A similarity of crystalline form between substances of
similar composition, as between the sulphates of barium
({BaSO4}) and strontium ({SrSO4}). It is sometimes extended
to include similarity of form between substances of unlike
composition, which is more properly called hom[oe]omorphism.
Isomorphous \I`so*mor"phous\, a. [Iso- + -morphous.]
Having the quality of isomorphism.
Isonandra \I`so*nan"dra\, n. [Iso- + Gr. ?, ?, a man, male.]
(Bot.)
A genus of sapotaceous trees of India. {Isonandra Gutta} is
the principal source of gutta-percha.
Isonephelic \I`so*ne*phel"ic\, a. [Iso- + Gr. ? a cloud.] (Phys.
Geog.)
Having, or indicating, an equal amount of cloudiness for a
given period; as, isonephelic regions; an isonephelic line.
Isonicotine \I`so*nic"o*tine\, n. [Iso- + nicotine.] (Chem.)
A crystalline, nitrogenous base, {C10H14N2}, isomeric with
nicotine.
Isonicotinic \I`so*nic`o*tin"ic\, a. (Chem.)
(a) Pertaining to, or derived from, isonicotine.
(b) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid isomeric with
nicotinic acid.
Isonitroso- \I`so*ni*tro"so-\ [Iso- + nitroso-.] (Chem.)
A combining from (also used adjectively), signifying:
Pertaining to, or designating, the characteristic,
nitrogenous radical, {NOH}, called the isonitroso group.
Isonomic \I`so*nom"ic\, a. [Gr. ?; ? equal + ? law.]
The same, or equal, in law or right; one in kind or origin;
analogous; similar. --Dana.
Isonomy \I*son"o*my\, n. [Gr. ?: cf. F. isonomie. See
{Isonomic}.]
Equal law or right; equal distribution of rights and
privileges; similarity.
Isopathy \I*sop"a*thy\, n. [Iso- + Gr. ? suffering.] (Med.)
(a) The system which undertakes to cure a disease by means of
the virus of the same disease.
(b) The theory of curing a diseased organ by eating the
analogous organ of a healthy animal. --Mayne.
(c) The doctrine that the power of therapeutics is equal to
that of the causes of disease.
Isopepsin \I`so*pep"sin\, n. [Iso- + pepsin.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Pepsin modified by exposure to a temperature of from 40[deg]
to 60[deg] C.
Isoperimetrical \I`so*per`i*met"ric*al\, a. [Gr. ?; ? equal + ?
circumference: cf. F. isop['e]rim[`e]tre. See {Perimeter}.]
(Geom.)
Having equal perimeters of circumferences; as,
isoperimetrical figures or bodies.
Isoperimetry \I`so*per*im"e*try\, n. (Geom.)
The science of figures having equal perimeters or boundaries.
Isopiestic \I`so*pi*es"tic\, a. [Iso- + Gr. ? to press.]
(Thermodynamics)
Having equal pressure.
{Isopiestic lines}, lines showing, in a diagram, the
relations of temperature and volume, when the elastic
force is constant; -- called also {isobars}.
Isopleura \I`so*pleu"ra\, n. pl. [NL. See {Iso-}, and {Pleura}.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A subclass of Gastropoda, in which the body is symmetrical,
the right and left sides being equal.
Note: The intestine terminates at the posterior end of the
body, and the gills and circulatory and reproductive
organs are paired. It includes the chitons
({Polyplacophora}), together with {Neomenia} and
{Ch[ae]toderma}, which are wormlike forms without a
shell.
Isopod \I"so*pod\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Having the legs similar in structure; belonging to the
Isopoda. -- n. One of the Isopoda.
Isopoda \I*sop"o*da\, n. pl. [NL. See {Iso-}, and {-poda}.]
(Zo["o]l.)
An order of sessile-eyed Crustacea, usually having seven
pairs of legs, which are all similar in structure.
Note: The body is usually depressed, with the abdominal
segments short, and often consolidated in part. The
branchi[ae] are on the abdominal appendages. The group
includes the terrestrial pill bugs and sow bugs, with
numerous marine forms. See {Arthrostrata}, {Gribble}.
Isopodiform \I`so*pod"i*form\, a. [Isopod + -form.] (Zo["o]l.)
Having the shape of an isopod; -- said of the larv[ae] of
certain insects.
Isopodous \I*sop"o*dous\, a.
Same as {Isopod}.
Isopogonous \I`so*pog"o*nous\, a. [Iso- + Gr. ? beard.]
(Zo["o]l.)
Having the two webs equal in breath; -- said of feathers.
Isoprene \I"so*prene\, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Chem.)
An oily, volatile hydrocarbon, obtained by the distillation
of caoutchouc or guttaipercha.
Isopycnic \I`so*pyc"nic\, a. [Iso- + Gr. pykno`s dense.]
(Physics)
Having equal density, as different regions of a medium;
passing through points at which the density is equal; as, an
isopycnic line or surface.
Isopycnic \I`so*pyc"nic\, n. (Physics)
A line or surface passing through those points in a medium,
at which the density is the same.
Isorcin \I*sor"cin\, n. [Iso- + orcin.] (Chem.)
A crystalline hydrocarbon derivative, metameric with orcin,
but produced artificially; -- called also {cresorcin}.
Isorropic \I`sor*rop"ic\, a. [Gr. 'iso`rropos in equipoise;
'i`sos equal + "roph` downward inclination or momentum.]
Of equal value.
{Isorropic line} (in a diagram) (Geom.), the locus of all the
points for which a specified function has a constant
value. --Newcomb.
Isosceles \I*sos"ce*les\, a. [L., fr. Gr. ?; 'i`sos equal + ?
leg.] (Geom.)
Having two legs or sides that are equal; -- said of a
triangle.
Isospondyli \I`so*spon"dy*li\, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. 'i`sos equal
+ ?, ?, a vertebra.] (Zo["o]l.)
An extensive order of fishes, including the salmons,
herrings, and many allied forms.
Isospondylous \I`so*spon"dy*lous\, a. (Zo["o]l.)
Of or pertaining to the Isospondyli; having the anterior
vertebr[ae] separate and normal.
Isosporic \I`so*spor"ic\, a. [Iso- + Gr. ? fruit.] (Bot.)
Producing but one kind of spore, as the ferns and Equiseta.
Cf. {Heterosporic}.
Isostemonous \I`so*stem"o*nous\, a. [Iso- + Gr. ? thread.]
(Bot.)
Having exactly as many stamens as petals.
Isostemony \I`so*stem"o*ny\, n. (Bot.)
The quality or state of being isostemonous.
Isosulphocyanate \I`so*sul`pho*cy"a*nate\, n. (Chem.)
A salt of isosulphocyanic acid.
Isosulphocyanic \I`so*sul`pho*cy*an"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, {HNCS}, isomeric with
sulphocyanic acid.
Isotheral \I*soth"er*al\, a.
Having the nature of an isothere; indicating the distribution
of temperature by means of an isothere; as, an isotheral
chart or line.
Isothere \I"so*there\, n. [Iso- + Gr. ? summer, ? to heat.]
(Phys. Geog.)
A line connecting points on the earth's surface having the
same mean summer temperature.
Isotherm \I"so*therm\, n. [Iso- + Gr. ? heat, fr. ? hot.] (Phys.
Geog.)
A line connecting or marking points on the earth's surface
having the same temperature. This may be the temperature for
a given time of observation, or the mean temperature for a
year or other period. Also, a similar line based on the
distribution of temperature in the ocean.
Isothermal \I`so*ther"mal\, a. [Cf. F. isotherme.]
(a) Relating to equality of temperature.
(b) (Phys. Geog.) Having reference to the geographical
distribution of temperature, as exhibited by means of
isotherms; as, an isothermal line; an isothermal chart.
{Isothermal line}.
(a) An isotherm.
(b) A line drawn on a diagram of energy such that its
ordinates represent the pressures of a substance
corresponding to various volumes, while the absolute
temperature is maintained at a constant value.
{Isothermal zones}, spaces on opposite sides of the equator
having the same mean temperature, and bounded by
corresponding isothermal lines.
Isothermobath \I`so*ther"mo*bath\, n. [Iso- + Gr. ? hot + ?
depth.] (Phys. Geog)
A line drawn through points of equal temperature in a
vertical section of the ocean.
Isothermobathic \I`so*ther`mo*bath"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to an isothermobath; possessing or
indicating equal temperatures in a vertical section, as of
the ocean.
Isotherombrose \I*soth`er*om"brose\, n. [Iso- + Gr. qe`ros
summer + 'o`mbros rain.] (Phys. Geog)
A line connecting or marking points on the earth's surface,
which have the same mean summer rainfall.
Isotonic \I`so*ton"ic\, a. [Iso- + tonic.]
Having or indicating, equal tones, or tension.
{Isotonic system} (Mus.), a system consisting of intervals,
in which each concord is alike tempered, and in which
there are twelve equal semitones.
Isotrimorphic \I`so*tri*mor"phic\, a.
Isotrimorphous.
Isotrimorphism \I`so*tri*mor"phism\, n. [Iso- + Gr. ? thrice + ?
form.]
Isomorphism between the three forms, severally, of two
trimorphous substances.
Isotrimorphous \I`so*tri*mor"phous\, a.
Having the quality of isotrimorphism; isotrimorphic.
Isotropic \I`so*trop"ic\, a. [Iso- + Gr. ? a turning, fr. ? to
turn.] (Physics)
Having the same properties in all directions; specifically,
equally elastic in all directions.
Isotropism \I*sot"ro*pism\, n.
Isotropy.
Isotropous \I*sot"ro*pous\, a.
Isotropic.
Isotropy \I*sot"ro*py\, n. (Physics)
Uniformity of physical properties in all directions in a
body; absence of all kinds of polarity; specifically, equal
elasticity in all directions.
Isouric \I`so*u"ric\, a. [Iso- + uric.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitrogenous acid,
isomeric with uric acid.
Israelite \Is"ra*el*ite\, n. [L. Isra["e]lites, Gr. ?, fr. ?, ?,
Israel, Heb. Yisr[=a]?l, i. e., champion of God; s[=a]r[=a]h
to fight + ?l God.]
A descendant of Israel, or Jacob; a Hebrew; a Jew.
Israelitic \Is`ra*el*it"ic\, Israelitish \Is"ra*el*i`tish\, a.
Of or pertaining to Israel, or to the Israelites; Jewish;
Hebrew.
Issuable \Is"su*a*ble\, a. [From {Issue}.]
1. Leading to, producing, or relating to, an issue; capable
of being made an issue at law. --Burrill.
2. Lawful or suitable to be issued; as, a writ issuable on
these grounds.
{Issuable plea} (Law), a plea to the merits, on which the
adverse party may take issue and proceed to trial.
Issuably \Is"su*a*bly\, adv.
In an issuable manner; by way of issue; as, to plead
issuably.
Issuance \Is"su*ance\, n.
The act of issuing, or giving out; as, the issuance of an
order; the issuance of rations, and the like.
Issuant \Is"su*ant\, a. (Her.)
Issuing or coming up; -- a term used to express a charge or
bearing rising or coming out of another.
Issue \Is"sue\, n. [OF. issue, eissue, F. issue, fr. OF. issir,
eissir, to go out, L. exire; ex out of, from + ire to go,
akin to Gr. 'ie`nai, Skr. i, Goth. iddja went, used as
prefect of gaggan to go. Cf. {Ambition}, {Count} a nobleman,
{Commence}, {Errant}, {Exit}, {Eyre}, {Initial}, {Yede}
went.]
1. The act of passing or flowing out; a moving out from any
inclosed place; egress; as, the issue of water from a
pipe, of blood from a wound, of air from a bellows, of
people from a house.
2. The act of sending out, or causing to go forth; delivery;
issuance; as, the issue of an order from a commanding
officer; the issue of money from a treasury.
3. That which passes, flows, or is sent out; the whole
quantity sent forth or emitted at one time; as, an issue
of bank notes; the daily issue of a newspaper.
4. Progeny; a child or children; offspring. In law,
sometimes, in a general sense, all persons descended from
a common ancestor; all lineal descendants.
If the king Should without issue die. --Shak.
5. Produce of the earth, or profits of land, tenements, or
other property; as, A conveyed to B all his right for a
term of years, with all the issues, rents, and profits.
6. A discharge of flux, as of blood. --Matt. ix. 20.
7. (Med.) An artificial ulcer, usually made in the fleshy
part of the arm or leg, to produce the secretion and
discharge of pus for the relief of some affected part.
8. The final outcome or result; upshot; conclusion; event;
hence, contest; test; trial.
Come forth to view The issue of the exploit. --Shak.
While it is hot, I 'll put it to the issue. --Shak.
9. A point in debate or controversy on which the parties take
affirmative and negative positions; a presentation of
alternatives between which to choose or decide.
10. (Law) In pleading, a single material point of law or fact
depending in the suit, which, being affirmed on the one
side and denied on the other, is presented for
determination. See {General issue}, under {General}, and
{Feigned issue}, under {Feigned}. --Blount. Cowell.
{At issue}, in controversy; disputed; opposing or contesting;
hence, at variance; disagreeing; inconsistent.
As much at issue with the summer day As if you
brought a candle out of doors. --Mrs.
Browning.
{Bank of issue}, {Collateral issue}, etc. See under {Bank},
{Collateral}, etc.
{Issue pea}, a pea, or a similar round body, used to maintain
irritation in a wound, and promote the secretion and
discharge of pus.
{To join}, or {take}, {issue}, to take opposing sides in a
matter in controversy.
Issue \Is"sue\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Issued}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Issuing}.]
1. To pass or flow out; to run out, as from any inclosed
place.
From it issued forced drops of blood. --Shak.
2. To go out; to rush out; to sally forth; as, troops issued
from the town, and attacked the besiegers.
3. To proceed, as from a source; as, water issues from
springs; light issues from the sun.
4. To proceed, as progeny; to be derived; to be descended; to
spring.
Of thy sons that shall issue from thee. --2 Kings
xx. 18.
5. To extend; to pass or open; as, the path issues into the
highway.
6. To be produced as an effect or result; to grow or accrue;
to arise; to proceed; as, rents and profits issuing from
land, tenements, or a capital stock.
7. To close; to end; to terminate; to turn out; as, we know
not how the cause will issue.
8. (Law) In pleading, to come to a point in fact or law, on
which the parties join issue.
Issue \Is"sue\, v. t.
1. To send out; to put into circulation; as, to issue notes
from a bank.
2. To deliver for use; as, to issue provisions.
3. To send out officially; to deliver by authority; as, to
issue an order; to issue a writ.
Issueless \Is"sue*less\, a.
Having no issue or progeny; childless. ``The heavens . . .
have left me issueless.'' --Shak.
Issuer \Is"su*er\, n.
One who issues, emits, or publishes.
-ist \-ist\ [Gr. ?: cf. F. -iste.]
A noun suffix denoting an agent, or doer, one who practices,
a believer in; as, theorist, one who theorizes; socialist,
one who holds to socialism; sensualist, one given to
sensuality.
Is't \Is't\
A contraction of is it.
Isthmian \Isth"mi*an\, a. [L. Isthmius, Gr. ?. See {Isthmus}.]
Of or pertaining to an isthmus, especially to the Isthmus of
Corinth, in Greece.
{Isthmian games} (Gr. Antiq.), one of the four great national
festivals of Greece, celebrated on the Isthmus of Corinth
in the spring of every alternate year. They consisted of
all kinds of athletic sports, wrestling, boxing, racing on
foot and in chariots, and also contests in music and
poetry. The prize was a garland of pine leaves.
Isthmus \Isth"mus\ (?; 277), n.; pl. {Isthmuses}. [L. isthmus,
Gr. 'isqmo`s a neck, a neck of land between two seas, an
isthmus, especially the Isthmus of Corinth; prob. from the
root of 'ie`nai to go; cf. Icel. ei[eth] isthmus. See
{Issue}.] (Geog.)
A neck or narrow slip of land by which two continents are
connected, or by which a peninsula is united to the mainland;
as, the Isthmus of Panama; the Isthmus of Suez, etc.
{Isthmus of the fauces}. (Anat.) See {Fauces}.
Istle \Is"tle\, n.
Same as {Ixtle}.
Isuret \I*su"ret\, n. [Iso- + urea.] (Chem.)
An artificial nitrogenous base, isomeric with urea, and
forming a white crystalline substance; -- called also
{isuretine}.
It \It\, pron. [OE. it, hit, AS. hit; cf. D. het. [root]181. See
{He}.]
The neuter pronoun of the third person, corresponding to the
masculine pronoun he and the feminine she, and having the
same plural (they, their or theirs, them).
Note: The possessive form its is modern, being rarely found
in the writings of Shakespeare and Milton, and not at
all in the original King James's version of the Bible.
During the transition from the regular his to the
anomalous its, it was to some extent employed in the
possessive without the case ending. See {His}, and
{He}. In Dryden's time its had become quite established
as the regular form.
The day present hath ever inough to do with it
owne grief. --Genevan
Test.
Do, child, go to it grandam, child. --Shak.
It knighthood shall do worse. It shall fright all
it friends with borrowing letters. --B. Jonson.
Note: In the course of time, the nature of the neuter sign i
in it, the form being found in but a few words, became
misunderstood. Instead of being looked upon as an
affix, it passed for part of the original word. Hence
was formed from it the anomalous genitive it,
superseding the Saxon his. --Latham.
The fruit tree yielding fruit after his (its)
kind. --Gen. i. 11.
Usage: It is used,
1. As a substance for any noun of the neuter gender; as, here
is the book, take it home.
2. As a demonstrative, especially at the beginning of a
sentence, pointing to that which is about to be stated,
named, or mentioned, or referring to that which apparent
or well known; as, I saw it was John.
It is I; be not afraid. --Matt. xiv.
27.
Peter heard that it was the Lord. --John xxi. 7.
Often, in such cases, as a substitute for a sentence or
clause; as, it is thought he will come; it is wrong to do
this.
3. As an indefinite nominative for a impersonal verb; as, it
snows; it rains.
4. As a substitute for such general terms as, the state of
affairs, the condition of things, and the like; as, how is
it with the sick man?
Think on me when it shall be well with thee. --Gen.
xl. 14.
5. As an indefinite object after some intransitive verbs, or
after a substantive used humorously as a verb; as, to foot
it (i. e., to walk).
The Lacedemonians, at the Straits of Thermopyl[ae],
when their arms failed them, fought it out with
nails and teeth. --Dryden.
Whether the charmer sinner it, or saint it, If folly
grows romantic, I must paint it. --Pope.
{Its self}. See {Itself}.
Itacism \I"ta*cism\, n. [Cf. F. itacisme. See {Etacism}, and cf.
{Iotacism}.] (Greek Gram.)
Pronunciation of ? (eta) as the modern Greeks pronounce it,
that is, like e in the English word be. This was the
pronunciation advocated by Reu?hlin and his followers, in
opposition to the etacism of Erasmus. See {Etacism}.
In all such questions between ? and a? the confusing
element of itacism comes in. --Alford.
Itacist \I"ta*cist\, n. [Cf. F. itaciste.]
One who is in favor of itacism.
Itacolumite \It`a*col"u*mite\, n. [From Itacolumi, a mountain of
Brazil.] (Min.)
A laminated, granular, siliceous rocks, often occurring in
regions where the diamond is found.
Itaconic \It`a*con"ic\, a. [From aconitic, by transposition of
the letters.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, {C5H6O4}, which is
obtained as a white crystalline substance by decomposing
aconitic and other organic acids.
Itala \It"a*la\, n. [Fem. of L. Italus Italian.]
An early Latin version of the Scriptures (the Old Testament
was translated from the Septuagint, and was also called the
{Italic version}).
Italian \I*tal"ian\, a. [Cf. F. italien, It. italiano. Cf.
{Italic}.]
Of or pertaining to Italy, or to its people or language.
{Italian cloth} a light material of cotton and worsted; --
called also {farmer's satin}.
{Italian iron}, a heater for fluting frills.
{Italian juice}, Calabrian liquorice.
Italian \I*tal"ian\, n.
1. A native or inhabitant of Italy.
2. The language used in Italy, or by the Italians.
Italianate \I*tal"ian*ate\, v. t. [Cf. It. italianare.]
To render Italian, or conformable to Italian customs; to
Italianize. [R.] --Ascham.
Italianate \I*tal"ian*ate\, a.
Italianized; Italianated. ``Apish, childish, and
Italianate.'' --Marlowe.
Italianism \I*tal"ian*ism\, n.
1. A word, phrase, or idiom, peculiar to the Italians; an
Italicism.
2. Attachment to, or sympathy for, Italy.
Italianize \I*tal"ian*ize\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Italianized};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Italianizing}.] [Cf. F. italianiser, It.
italianizzare.]
1. To play the Italian; to speak Italian. --Cotgrave.
2. To render Italian in any respect; to Italianate. ``An
Englishman Italianized.'' --Lowell.
Italic \I*tal"ic\, a. [L. Italicus: cf. F. italique. Cf.
{Italian}.]
1. Relating to Italy or to its people.
2. Applied especially to a kind of type in which the letters
do not stand upright, but slope toward the right; -- so
called because dedicated to the States of Italy by the
inventor, Aldus Manutius, about the year 1500.
{Italic languages}, the group or family of languages of
ancient Italy.
{Italic order} (Arch.), the composite order. See {Composite}.
{Italic school}, a term given to the Pythagorean and Eleatic
philosophers, from the country where their doctrines were
first promulgated.
{Italic version}. See {Itala}.
Italic \I*tal"ic\, n.; pl. {Italics}. (Print.)
An Italic letter, character, or type (see {Italic}, a., 2.);
-- often in the plural; as, the Italics are the author's.
Italic letters are used to distinguish words for emphasis,
importance, antithesis, etc. Also, collectively, Italic
letters.
Italicism \I*tal"i*cism\, n.
1. A phrase or idiom peculiar to the Italian language; to
Italianism.
2. The use of Italics.
Italicize \I*tal"i*cize\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Italicized};
p. pr. & vb. n. {Italicizing}.]
To print in Italic characters; to underline written letters
or words with a single line; as, to Italicize a word;
Italicizes too much.
Ita palm \I"ta palm`\ (Bot.)
A magnificent species of palm ({Mauritia flexuosa}), growing
near the Orinoco. The natives eat its fruit and buds, drink
its sap, and make thread and cord from its fiber.
Itch \Itch\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Itched}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Itching}.] [OE. icchen, ?icchen, AS. giccan; akin to D.
jeuken, joken, G. jucken, OHG. jucchen.]
1. To have an uneasy sensation in the skin, which inclines
the person to scratch the part affected.
My mouth hath itched all this long day. --Chaucer.
2. To have a constant desire or teasing uneasiness; to long
for; as, itching ears. ``An itching palm.'' --Shak.
Itch \Itch\, n.
1. (Med.) An eruption of small, isolated, acuminated
vesicles, produced by the entrance of a parasitic mite
(the {Sarcoptes scabei}), and attended with itching. It is
transmissible by contact.
2. Any itching eruption.
3. A sensation in the skin occasioned (or resembling that
occasioned) by the itch eruption; -- called also
{scabies}, {psora}, etc.
4. A constant irritating desire.
An itch of being thought a divine king. --Dryden.
{Baker's itch}. See under {Baker}.
{Barber's itch}, sycosis.
{Bricklayer's itch}, an eczema of the hands attended with
much itching, occurring among bricklayers.
{Grocer's itch}, an itching eruption, being a variety of
eczema, produced by the sugar mite ({Tyrogluphus
sacchari}).
{Itch insect} (Zo["o]l.), a small parasitic mite ({Sarcoptes
scabei}) which burrows and breeds beneath the human skin,
thus causing the disease known as the itch. See Illust. in
Append.
{Itch mite}. (Zo["o]l.) Same as {Itch insect}, above. Also,
other similar mites affecting the lower animals, as the
horse and ox.
{Sugar baker's itch}, a variety of eczema, due to the action
of sugar upon the skin.
{Washerwoman's itch}, eczema of the hands and arms, occurring
among washerwomen.
Itchiness \Itch"i*ness\, n.
The state of being itchy.
Itchless \Itch"less\, a.
Free from itching.
Itchy \Itch"y\, a.
Infected with the itch, or with an itching sensation.
--Cowper.
-ite \-ite\ [From Gr. ?, ?.]
1. A suffix denoting one of a party, a sympathizer with or
adherent of, and the like, and frequently used in
ridicule; as, a Millerite; a Benthamite.
2. A suffix used in naming minerals; as, chlorite, from its
characteristic green color; barite, from its heaviness;
graphite, from its use in writing.
3. (Chem.) A suffix used to denote the salts formed from
those acids whose names end in -ous; as, sulphite, from
sulphurous; nitrite, from nitrous acid, etc.
Item \I"tem\, adv. [L. See {Iterate}.]
Also; as an additional article.
Item \I"tem\, n. [From {Item}, adv.]
1. An article; a separate particular in an account; as, the
items in a bill.
2. A hint; an innuendo. [Obs.]
A secret item was given to some of the bishops . . .
to absent themselves. --Fuller.
3. A short article in a newspaper; a paragraph; as, an item
concerning the weather.
Item \I"tem\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Itemed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Iteming}.]
To make a note or memorandum of.
I have itemed it in my memory. --Addison.
Itemize \I"tem*ize\, v. t.
To state in items, or by particulars; as, to itemize the cost
of a railroad. [Local, U. S.]
Iter \I"ter\, n. [L. See {Eyre}.] (Anat.)
A passage; esp., the passage between the third and fourth
ventricles in the brain; the aqueduct of Sylvius.
Iterable \It"er*a*ble\, a. [L. iterabilis. See {Iterate}.]
Capable of being iterated or repeated. [Obs.]
Iterance \It"er*ance\, n.
Iteration. [Obs.]
Iterant \It"er*ant\, a. [L. iterans, p. pr. of iterare.]
Repeating; iterating; as, an iterant echo. --Bacon.
Iterate \It"er*ate\, a. [L. iteratus, p. p. of iterare to
repeat, fr. iterum again, prop. a compar. from the stem of is
he, that; cf. L. ita so, item likewise, also, Skr. itara
other, iti thus. Cf. {Identity}, {Item}.]
Uttered or done again; repeated. [Obs.] --Bp. Gardiner.
Iterate \It"er*ate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Iterated}; p. pr. &
vb. n. {Iterating}.]
To utter or do a second time or many times; to repeat; as, to
iterate advice.
Nor Eve to iterate Her former trespass feared.
--Milton.
Iterate \It"er*ate\, adv.
By way of iteration.
Iteration \It`er*a"tion\, n. [L. iteratio.]
Recital or performance a second time; repetition. --Bacon.
What needs this iteration, woman? --Shak.
Iterative \It"er*a*tive\, a. [L. iterativus: cf. F.
it['e]ratif.]
Repeating. --Cotgrave. -- {It"er*a*tive*ly}, adv.
Ithyphallic \Ith`y*phal"lic\, a. [L. ithyphallicus, fr.
ithyphallus, Gr. ?, membrum virile erectum, or a figure
thereof carried in the festivals of Bacchus.]
Lustful; lewd; salacious; indecent; obscene.
Itineracy \I*tin"er*a*cy\, n.
The act or practice of itinerating; itinerancy.
Itinerancy \I*tin"er*an*cy\, n. [See {Itinerant}.]
1. A passing from place to place. --Dr. H. More.
2. A discharge of official duty involving frequent change of
residence; the custom or practice of discharging official
duty in this way; also, a body of persons who thus
discharge official duty.
Itinerant \I*tin"er*ant\, a. [LL. itinerans, -antis, p. pr. of
itinerare to make a journey, fr. L. iter, itineris, a walk,
way, journey. See {Errant}, {Issue}.]
Passing or traveling about a country; going or preaching on a
circuit; wandering; not settled; as, an itinerant preacher;
an itinerant peddler.
The king's own courts were then itinerant, being kept
in the king's palace, and removing with his household
in those royal progresses which he continually made.
--Blackstone.
Itinerant \I*tin"er*ant\, a.
One who travels from place to place, particularly a preacher;
one who is unsettled.
Glad to turn itinerant, To stroll and teach from town
to town. --Hudibras.
Itinerantly \I*tin"er*ant*ly\, adv.
In an itinerant manner.
Itinerary \I*tin"er*a*ry\, a. [L. itinerarius: cf. F.
itin['e]raire. See {Itinerant}.]
Itinerant; traveling; passing from place to place; done on a
journey.
It was rather an itinerary circuit of justice than a
progress. --Bacon.
Itinerary \I*tin"er*a*ry\, n.; pl. {Itineraries}. [L.
itinerarium: cf. F. itin['e]raire. See {Itinerary}, a.]
An account of travels, or a register of places and distances
as a guide to travelers; as, the Itinerary of Antoninus.
Itinerate \I*tin"er*ate\ v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Itinerated}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Itinerating}.] [LL. itineratus, p. p. of
itinerari, itinerare. See {Itinerant}.]
To wander without a settled habitation; to travel from place
or on a circuit, particularly for the purpose of preaching,
lecturing, etc.
-itis \-i"tis\, [Gr. ?, orig, fem. adjective suffix.]
A suffix used in medical terms to denote an inflammatory
disease of; as, arthritis; bronchitis, phrenitis.
Its \Its\
Possessive form of the pronoun it. See {It}.
Itself \It*self"\, pron.
The neuter reciprocal pronoun of {It}; as, the thing is good
in itself; it stands by itself.
Borrowing of foreigners, in itself, makes not the
kingdom rich or poor. --Locke.
Ittria \It"tri*a\, n. [NL.]
See {Yttria}.
Ittrium \It"tri*um\, n. [NL.]
See {Yttrium}.
Itzibu \It"zi*bu\, n. [Jap. ichibu.] (Numis.)
A silver coin of Japan, worth about thirty-four cents.
[Written also {itzebu}, {ichebu}, {itcheboo}, etc.]
Iulidan \I*u"li*dan\, n. [See {Iulus}.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the {Iulid[ae]}, a family of myriapods, of which the
genus {Iulus} is the type. See {Iulus}.
Iulus \I*u"lus\, n. [L., down, Gr. ? down, centipede.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A genus of chilognathous myriapods. The body is long and
round, consisting of numerous smooth, equal segments, each of
which bears two pairs of short legs. It includes the
galleyworms. See {Chilognatha}.
Ivan Ivanovitch \I*van" I*van"o*vitch\
An ideal personification of the typical Russian or of the
Russian people; -- used as ``John Bull'' is used for the
typical Englishman.
I've \I've\
Colloquial contraction of I have.
-ive \-ive\ [L. -ivus.]
An adjective suffix signifying relating or belonging to, of
the nature of, tending to; as affirmative, active,
conclusive, corrective, diminutive.
Ivied \I"vied\, a. [From {Ivy}.]
Overgrown with ivy.
Ivoride \I"vo*ride\, n.
A composition resembling ivory in appearance and used as a
substitute for it.
Ivory \I"vo*ry\, n.; pl. {Ivories}. [OE. ivori, F. ivoire, fr.
L. eboreus made of ivory, fr. ebur, eboris, ivory, cf. Skr.
ibha elephant. Cf. {Eburnean}.]
1. The hard, white, opaque, fine-grained substance
constituting the tusks of the elephant. It is a variety of
dentine, characterized by the minuteness and close
arrangement of the tubes, as also by their double flexure.
It is used in manufacturing articles of ornament or
utility.
Note: Ivory is the name commercially given not only to the
substance constituting the tusks of the elephant, but
also to that of the tusks of the hippopotamus and
walrus, the hornlike tusk of the narwhal, etc.
2. The tusks themselves of the elephant, etc.
3. Any carving executed in ivory. --Mollett.
4. pl. Teeth; as, to show one's ivories. [Slang]
{Ivory black}. See under {Black}, n.
{Ivory gull} (Zo["o]l.), a white Arctic gull ({Larus
eburneus}).
{Ivory nut} (Bot.), the nut of a species of palm, the
{Phytephas macroarpa}, often as large as a hen's egg. When
young the seed contains a fluid, which gradually hardness
into a whitish, close-grained, albuminous substance,
resembling the finest ivory in texture and color, whence
it is called {vegetable ivory}. It is wrought into various
articles, as buttons, chessmen, etc. The palm is found in
New Grenada. A smaller kind is the fruit of the {Phytephas
microarpa}. The nuts are known in commerce as Corosso
nuts.
{Ivory palm} (Bot.), the palm tree which produces ivory nuts.
{Ivory shell} (Zo["o]l.), any species of {Eburna}, a genus of
marine gastropod shells, having a smooth surface, usually
white with red or brown spots.
{Vegetable ivory}, the meat of the ivory nut. See {Ivory nut}
(above).
Ivory-bill \I"vo*ry-bill`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A large, handsome, North American woodpecker ({Campephilus
principalis}), having a large, sharp, ivory-colored beak. Its
general color is glossy black, with white secondaries, and a
white dorsal stripe. The male has a large, scarlet crest. It
is now rare, and found only in the Gulf States.
Ivorytype \I"vo*ry*type`\, n. (photog.)
A picture produced by superposing a very light print,
rendered translucent by varnish, and tinted upon the back,
upon a stronger print, so as to give the effect of a
photograph in natural colors; -- called also {hellenotype}.
--Knight.
Ivy \I"vy\, n.; pl. {Ivies}. [AS. [=i]fig; akin to OHG. ebawi,
ebah, G. epheu.] (Bot.)
A plant of the genus {Hedera} ({H. helix}), common in Europe.
Its leaves are evergreen, dark, smooth, shining, and mostly
five-pointed; the flowers yellowish and small; the berries
black or yellow. The stem clings to walls and trees by
rootlike fibers.
Direct The clasping ivy where to climb. --Milton.
Ye myrtles brown, with ivy never sere. --Milton.
{American ivy}. (Bot.) See {Virginia creeper}.
{English ivy} (Bot.), a popular name in America for the ivy
proper ({Hedera helix}).
{German ivy} (Bot.), a creeping plant, with smooth, succulent
stems, and fleshy, light-green leaves; a species of
{Senecio} ({S. scandens}).
{Ground ivy}. (Bot.) Gill ({Nepeta Glechoma}).
{Ivy bush}. (Bot.) See {Mountain laurel}, under {Mountain}.
{Ivy owl} (Zo["o]l.), the barn owl.
{Ivy tod} (Bot.), the ivy plant. --Tennyson.
{Japanese ivy} (Bot.), a climbing plant ({Ampelopsis
tricuspidata}), closely related to the Virginia creeper.
{Poison ivy} (Bot.), an American woody creeper ({Rhus
Toxicodendron}), with trifoliate leaves, and
greenish-white berries. It is exceedingly poisonous to the
touch for most persons.
{To pipe in an ivy leaf}, to console one's self as best one
can. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
{West Indian ivy}, a climbing plant of the genus
{Marcgravia}.
Ivy-mantled \I"vy-man`tled\, a.
Covered with ivy.
Iwis \I*wis"\, adv.
Indeed; truly. See {Ywis}. [Written also {iwys}, {iwisse},
etc.] [Obs.] --Ascham.
Ixia \Ix"i*a\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? birdlime. So called because of
the viscid nature of some of the species.] (Bot.)
A South African bulbous plant of the Iris family, remarkable
for the brilliancy of its flowers.
Ixodes \Ix*o"des\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? like birdlime; ? birdlime
+ ? form.] (Zo["o]l.)
A genus of parasitic Acarina, which includes various species
of ticks. See {Tick}, the insect.
Ixodian \Ix*o"di*an\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A tick of the genus {Ixodes}, or the family {Ixodid[ae]}.
Ixtle \Ix"tle\, Ixtli \Ix"tli\([i^]x"tl[-e]), n. (Bot.)
A Mexican name for a variety of {Agave rigida}, which
furnishes a strong coarse fiber; also, the fiber itself,
which is called also {pita}, and {Tampico fiber}. [Written
also {istle}.]
Izard \Iz"ard\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
A variety of the chamois found in the Pyrenees.
-ize \-ize\ [F. -iser, L. -izare, Gr. ?.]
A verb suffix signifying to make, to do, to practice; as
apologize, baptize, theorize, tyrannize.
Note: In the case of certain words the spelling with -ise
(after analogy with F. -iser) is the usual form; as,
catechise, criticise. With regard to most words,
however, which have this suffix there is a diversity of
usage, some authorities spelling -ise, others (as in
this book) -ize.
Izedi \Iz"e*di\, n.
One of an Oriental religious sect which worships Satan or the
Devil.
The Izedis or Yezdis, the so-called Devil worshipers,
still remain a numerous though oppressed people in
Mesopotamia and adjacent countries. --Tylor.
Izedism \Iz"e*dism\, n.
The religion of the Izedis.
Izzard \Iz"zard\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
See {Izard}.
Izzard \Iz"zard\, n. [Formerly ezed, prob. fr. F. et z['E]de and
z.]
The letter z; -- formerly so called.